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Gravity (film)
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Gravity
Gravity Poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Alfonso Cuarón
Produced by
Alfonso Cuarón
David Heyman
Written by
Alfonso Cuarón
Jonás Cuarón
Starring
Sandra Bullock
George Clooney
Music by
Steven Price
Cinematography
Emmanuel Lubezki
Editing by
Alfonso Cuarón
Mark Sanger
Studio
Esperanto Filmoj
Heyday Films
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures
Release dates
August 28, 2013 (Venice)
October 4, 2013 (United States)
November 8, 2013 (United Kingdom)

Running time
91 minutes[1]
Country
United Kingdom[2]
 United States[2]
Language
English
Budget
$100 million[3]
Box office
$704,865,000[3]
Gravity is a 2013 British-American 3D thriller[3][4] and space drama film.[5][6] It was directed, co-written, co-produced and co-edited by Alfonso Cuarón, and stars Sandra Bullock and George Clooney as astronauts involved in the mid-orbit destruction of a space shuttle and their attempt to return to Earth.
Cuarón wrote the screenplay with his son Jonás and attempted to develop the film at Universal Studios. The rights were sold to Warner Bros., where the project eventually found traction. David Heyman, who previously worked with Cuarón on Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, produced the film with him. Gravity was made in the UK, where British special effects company Framestore spent more than three years creating most of the film's visual effects, which comprise over 80 of its 91 minutes.
Gravity opened the 70th Venice International Film Festival in August 2013 and had its North American premiere three days later at the Telluride Film Festival.[7] It was released to cinemas in the United States and Canada on October 4, 2013. The film was met with universal acclaim from critics and audiences; both groups praised Emmanuel Lubezki's cinematography, Steven Price's musical score, Cuarón's direction, Bullock's performance and Framestore's visual effects. It has grossed more than US$700 million worldwide, making it the eighth highest-grossing film of 2013.
Gravity won seven awards at the 86th Academy Awards, the most for the ceremony, including Best Director for Cuarón and Best Original Score for Price.[8] The film was also awarded six BAFTA Awards, including Outstanding British Film and Best Director, the Golden Globe Award for Best Director, and seven Critics Choice Awards.[9][10][11]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Themes
4 Production 4.1 Development
4.2 Filming
4.3 Music
5 Release 5.1 Box office
5.2 Critical response
5.3 Accolades
5.4 Home media
6 Scientific accuracy
7 See also
8 References
9 External links

Plot[edit]
The film is set during fictitious space shuttle mission STS-157. Dr. Ryan Stone (Sandra Bullock) is a medical engineer on her first space shuttle mission aboard the space shuttle Explorer. She is accompanied by veteran astronaut Matt Kowalski (George Clooney), who is commanding his final expedition. During a spacewalk to service the Hubble Space Telescope, Mission Control in Houston warns the team about a Russian missile strike on a defunct satellite, which has caused a chain reaction forming a cloud of debris in space. Mission Control orders that the mission be aborted and the shuttle begin re-entry immediately. Communication with Mission Control is lost shortly after.
High-speed debris strikes the Explorer and Hubble, and detaches Stone from the shuttle, leaving her tumbling through space. Kowalski soon recovers Stone and they make their way back to the Space Shuttle. They discover that it has suffered catastrophic damage and the crew is dead. They use the thruster pack to make their way to the International Space Station (ISS), which is in orbit only about 900 mi (1,450 km) away. Kowalski estimates they have 90 minutes before the debris field completes an orbit and threatens them again.
En route to the ISS, the two discuss Stone's home life and the death of her young daughter. As they approach the substantially damaged but still operational ISS, they see its crew has evacuated in one of its two Soyuz modules. The parachute of the remaining Soyuz has deployed, rendering the capsule useless for returning to Earth. Kowalski suggests it be used to travel to the nearby Chinese space station Tiangong, 100 mi (160 km) away and board one of its modules to return safely to Earth. Out of air and maneuvering power, the two try to grab onto the ISS as they fly by. Stone's leg gets entangled in Soyuz's parachute cords and she grabs a strap on Kowalski's suit. Despite Stone's protests, Kowalski detaches himself from the tether to save her from drifting away with him, and she is pulled back towards the ISS while Kowalski floats away.
Stone enters the ISS via an airlock. She cannot re-establish communication with Kowalski and concludes that she is the sole survivor. A fire breaks out, forcing her to hastily make her way to the Soyuz. As she maneuvers the capsule away from the ISS, the tangled parachute tethers prevent the Soyuz from separating from the station. She spacewalks to release the cables, succeeding just as the debris field completes its orbit and destroys the station. Stone aligns the Soyuz with Tiangong but discovers that its engine has no fuel. After a brief radio communication with a fisherman on Earth, Stone resigns herself to being stranded and shuts down the cabin's oxygen supply to commit suicide. As she begins to lose consciousness, Kowalski enters the capsule. Scolding her for giving up, he tells her to rig the Soyuz's landing rockets to propel the capsule toward Tiangong. Stone then realizes that Kowalski's reappearance is not real, but has nonetheless given her the strength of will to carry on. She restores the flow of oxygen and uses the landing rockets to navigate toward Tiangong, which is rapidly deorbiting.
Unable to dock the Soyuz with the station, Stone ejects herself via explosive decompression and uses a fire extinguisher as a makeshift thruster to travel to Tiangong. Stone enters the Shenzhou capsule just as Tiangong starts to break up on the upper edge of the atmosphere. Stone declares that she is ready to head back to Earth, dead or alive. After re-entering the atmosphere, Stone hears Mission Control, which is tracking the capsule, over the radio. The capsule lands in a lake, but dense smoke from an electrical fire inside the capsule forces Stone to evacuate immediately. She opens the capsule hatch, allowing water to enter and sink it, forcing Stone to swim ashore. She watches the remains of the Tiangong re-enter the atmosphere and takes her first shaky steps on land.
Cast[edit]
Sandra Bullock as Dr. Ryan Stone, a medical engineer and mission specialist who is on her first space mission.
George Clooney as Lieutenant Matt Kowalski; the commander of the team. Kowalski is a veteran astronaut planning to retire after the Explorer expedition. He enjoys telling stories about himself and joking with his team, and is determined to protect the lives of his fellow astronauts.
Ed Harris (voice) as Mission Control in Houston, Texas.
Orto Ignatiussen (voice) as Aningaaq, a Greenlandic Inuit fisherman who intercepts one of Stone's transmissions. Aningaaq also appears in a self-titled short written and directed by Gravity co-writer Jonás Cuarón, which depicts the conversation between him and Stone from his perspective.[12]
Phaldut Sharma (voice) as Shariff Dasari, the flight engineer on board the Explorer. Shariff has a wife and child and keeps a family photograph on his suit.
Amy Warren (voice) as the captain of Explorer.
Basher Savage (voice) as the captain of the International Space Station.
Themes[edit]
Despite being set in space, the film uses motifs from shipwreck and wilderness survival stories about psychological change and resilience in the aftermath of catastrophe.[13][14][15][16] Cuarón uses Stone to illustrate clarity of mind, persistence, training, and improvisation in the face of isolation and the mortal consequences of a relentless Murphy's Law.[4] The film incorporates spiritual themes in terms of Stone's daughter's accidental death, the will to survive in the face of overwhelming odds, and the impossibility of rescue.[14] Calamities occur but only the surviving astronauts see them.[17]
The impact of scenes is heightened by alternating between objective and subjective perspectives, the warm face of the Earth and the depths of dark space, the chaos and predictability of the debris field, and silence of the vacuum of space with the sound of the score.[16][18] The film uses very long, uninterrupted shots throughout to draw the audience into the action but contrasts these with claustrophobic shots within space suits and capsules.[14][19]
Some commentators have noted religious themes in the film.[20][21][22][23] For instance, Fr. Robert Barron of The Catholic Register summarizes the tension between Gravity's technology and religious symbolism. He said, "The technology which this film legitimately celebrates... can't save us, and it can't provide the means by which we establish real contact with each other. The Ganges in the sun, the St. Christopher icon, the statue of Budai, and above all, a visit from a denizen of heaven, signal that there is a dimension of reality that lies beyond what technology can master or access ... the reality of God".[23]
Human evolution and the resilience of life may also be seen as key themes of Gravity.[24][25][26][27] The film opens with the exploration of space—the climax of human civilization, and ends with an allegory of the dawn of mankind when Dr. Ryan Stone fights her way out of the ocean after the crash-landing, passing an amphibian, grabs the soil and slowly regains her capacity to stand upright and walk. Director Cuarón said, "She’s in these murky waters almost like an amniotic fluid or a primordial soup. In which you see amphibians swimming. She crawls out of the water, not unlike early creatures in evolution. And then she goes on all fours. And after going on all fours she’s a bit curved until she is completely erect. It was the evolution of life in one, quick shot".[25] Other imagery depicting the formation of life includes a scene in which Stone rests in an embryonic position, surrounded by a rope strongly resembling an umbilical cord. Stone's return from space, accompanied by meteorite-like debris, may be seen as a hint that elements essential to the development of life on earth may have come from outer space in the form of meteorites.[28]
Production[edit]
Development[edit]



 David Heyman, Sandra Bullock and Alfonso Cuarón at the 2013 San Diego Comic-Con International promoting Gravity
Alfonso Cuarón wrote the screenplay with his son Jonás and attempted to develop the project at Universal Pictures, where it stayed in development for several years. After the rights to the project were sold, the project began development at Warner Bros, who acquired the project. In February 2010, it attracted the attention of Angelina Jolie, who had rejected a sequel to Wanted.[29] Later in the month, she rejected Wanted 2,[30] partially because the studio did not want to pay the US$20 million fee[31] she had received for her latest two movies and because she wanted to direct her Bosnian war film In the Land of Blood and Honey.[32] In March, Robert Downey, Jr. entered talks to be cast in the male lead role.[33]
In mid-2010, Marion Cotillard tested for the female lead role. By August 2010, Scarlett Johansson and Blake Lively were in the running for the role.[31] In September, Cuarón received approval from Warner Bros. to offer the role without a screen test to Natalie Portman, who was being praised for her performance in the recently released Black Swan.[34] Portman rejected the project because of scheduling conflicts and Warner Bros. then approached Sandra Bullock for the role.[32] In November 2010, Downey left the project to star in How to Talk to Girls—a project in development with Shawn Levy attached to direct.[35] The following December, with Bullock signed for the co-lead role, George Clooney replaced Downey.[36]
The problem of shooting long scenes in a zero-g environment was a challenge. Eventually, the team decided to use computer-generated imagery for the spacewalk scenes and automotive robots to move Bullock's character for interior space station scenes.[37] This meant that shots and blocking had to be planned well in advance for the robots to be programmed.[37] It also made the production period much longer than expected. When the script was finished, Cuarón assumed it would take about a year to complete the film, but it took four and a half years.[38]
Filming[edit]



 The landing scene was filmed at Lake Powell, Arizona.
Gravity had a production budget of $100 million and was filmed digitally on multiple Arri Alexa cameras. Principal photography began in late May 2011.[39] Live elements were shot at Pinewood and Shepperton Studios in the United Kingdom.[40] The landing scene was filmed at Lake Powell, Arizona—where the astronauts' landing scene in Planet of the Apes (1968) was also filmed.[41] Visual effects were supervised by Tim Webber at the London-based VFX company Framestore, which was responsible for creating most of the film's visual effects—except for 17 shots. Framestore was also heavily involved in the art direction and, along with The Third Floor, the previsualization. Tim Webber stated that 80 percent of the movie consisted of CG—compared to James Cameron's Avatar, which was 60 percent CG.[42] To simulate the authenticity and reflection of unfiltered light in space, a manually controlled lighting system consisting of 1.8 million individually controlled LED lights was built.[43] The 3D imagery was designed and supervised by Chris Parks. The majority of the 3D was created by stereo rendering the CG at Framestore. The remaining footage was converted into 3D in post production—principally at Prime Focus, London, with additional conversion work by Framestore. Prime Focus's supervisor was Richard Baker.
Filming began in London in May 2011.[44] The film contains 156 shots with an average length of 45 seconds—fewer and longer shots than in most films of this length.[45] Although the first trailer had audible explosions and other sounds, these scenes are silent in the finished film. Cuarón said, "They put in explosions [in the trailer]. As we know, there is no sound in space. In the film, we don't do that."[46] The soundtrack in the film's space scenes consists of the musical score and sounds astronauts would hear in their suits or in the space vehicles.
For most of Bullock's shots, she was placed inside a giant, mechanical rig.[37] Getting into the rig took a significant amount of time, so Bullock chose to stay in it for up to 10 hours a day, communicating with others through a headset.[37] Cuarón said his biggest challenge was to make the set feel as inviting and non-claustrophobic as possible. The team attempted to do this by having a celebration each day when Bullock arrived. They nicknamed the rig "Sandy's cage" and gave it a lighted sign.[37] Most of the movie was shot digitally using Arri Alexa Classics cameras equipped with wide Arri Master Prime lenses. The final scene, which takes place on Earth, was shot on an Arri 765 camera using 65mm film to provide the sequence with a visual contrast to the rest of the film.[47]
Music[edit]
Main article: Gravity: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Steven Price composed the incidental music for Gravity. In early September 2013, a 23-minute preview of the soundtrack was released online.[48] A soundtrack album was released digitally on September 17, 2013, and in physical formats on October 1, 2013, by WaterTower Music.[49] Songs featured in the film include:[50]
"Angels Are Hard to Find" by Hank Williams, Jr.
"Sinigit Meerannguaq" by Juaaka Lyberth
"Destination Anywhere" by Chris Benstead and Robin Baynton
"922 Anthem" by 922 (featuring Gaurav Dayal)
"Ready" by Charles Scott (featuring Chelsea Williams)
In most of the film's official trailers, Spiegel im Spiegel, written by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt in 1978, was used.[51]
Release[edit]
Gravity was released in 3D and IMAX 3D on October 4, 2013.[52] The film's release coincided with the beginning of World Space Week, which was observed from October 4 to 10. The film was originally scheduled to be released on November 21, 2012, before being re-scheduled for a 2013 release to allow the completion of extensive post-production effects work.[53]


Box office[edit]
Preliminary reports predicted the film would open with takings of over $40 million in North America.[54][55] The film earned $1.4 million from its Thursday night showings,[56] and reached $17.5 million on Friday.[57] Gravity topped the box office and broke Paranormal Activity 3's record as the highest-earning October and autumn openings ever, grossing $55.8 million.[58] 80 percent of the film's opening weekend gross came from its 3D showings, which grossed $44 million. $11.2 million—20 percent of the receipts—came from IMAX 3D showings; the highest percentage ever for a film opening more than $50 million.[59]
The film stayed at number one at the box office during its second and third weekends.[60][61] Gravity opened at number one in the United Kingdom, taking GB£6.23 million over the first weekend of release[62] and remained there for the second week.[63] The film's largest markets outside North America were China ($71.2m),[64] the United Kingdom ($47.0m) and France ($38.2m).[65] On February 17, 2014 the film grossed $700m worldwide.[66] As of February 23, 2014, Gravity has grossed $269,275,323 in North America and $434,400,000 in other countries, making a worldwide gross of $703,675,323—making it the sixth-highest grossing film of 2013.[3]
Critical response[edit]
Gravity had its world premiere at the 70th Venice International Film Festival on August 28, 2013, where it received universal acclaim from critics and audiences who praised the acting, direction, screenplay, cinematography, visual effects, production design, the use of 3D, and Steven Price's musical score.[67] Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 97% based on reviews from 295 critics, with a "Certified Fresh" rating and an average score of 9.1/10. The site's consensus states: "Alfonso Cuarón's Gravity is an eerie, tense sci-fi thriller that's masterfully directed and visually stunning".[68] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the film has a score of 96 based on 49 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".[69] In CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend, cinema audiences gave Gravity an average grade of A- on an A+ to F scale.[59]
Matt Zoller Seitz, writing on RogerEbert.com, gave four stars out of four, calling it "a huge and technically dazzling film and that the film's panoramas of astronauts tumbling against starfields and floating through space station interiors are at once informative and lovely".[70] Justin Chang writing for Variety said that the film "restores a sense of wonder, terror and possibility to the big screen that should inspire awe among critics and audiences worldwide".[71] Richard Corliss of Time said, "Cuarón shows things that cannot be but, miraculously, are, in the fearful, beautiful reality of the space world above our world. If the film past is dead, Gravity shows us the glory of cinema's future. It thrills on so many levels. And because Cuarón is a movie visionary of the highest order, you truly can't beat the view." He praised Cuarón for "[playing] daringly and dexterously with point-of-view: at one moment you're inside Ryan's helmet as she surveys the bleak silence, then in a subtle shift you're outside to gauge her reaction. The 3-D effects, added in post-production, provide their own extraterrestrial startle: a hailstorm of debris hurtles at you, as do a space traveler's thoughts at the realization of being truly alone in the universe."[72]
Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film a maximum of four stars, stating that the film was "more than a movie. It's some kind of miracle."[73] A. O. Scott writing for The New York Times highlighted the use of 3-D which he said, "surpasses even what James Cameron accomplished in the flight sequences of Avatar". Scott also said that the film "in a little more than 90 minutes rewrites the rules of cinema as we have known them".[74] Some critics have compared Gravity with other notable films set in space. Lindsey Webber of Vulture.com said the choice of Ed Harris for the voice of Mission Control is a reference to Apollo 13.[75] Gravity references other films, including Alien,[18] and 2001: A Space Odyssey.[76] James Cameron praised the film and stated, "I think it's the best space photography ever done, I think it's the best space film ever done, and it's the movie I've been hungry to see for an awful long time".[77] Quentin Tarantino said it was one of his top ten movies of 2013.[78] Empire, Time and Total Film ranked the film as the best of 2013.[79][80][81]
Accolades[edit]


Main article: List of accolades received by Gravity (film)
Gravity received ten nominations at the 86th Academy Awards; together with American Hustle it received the greatest number of nominations for the 2014 ceremony. These include Best Picture, Best Director for Cuarón, Best Actress for Bullock, and Best Original Score for Price.[82] The film won 7 Academy Awards for Best Directing, Best Cinematography, Best Visual Effects, Best Film Editing, Best Original Score, Best Sound Editing and Best Sound Mixing.[83][84]
Alfonso Cuarón won the Golden Globe Award for Best Director, and the film was also nominated for Best Motion Picture—Drama, Best Actress in Drama for Bullock and Best Original Score.[85]
Gravity received eleven nominations at the 67th British Academy Film Awards—more than any other film of 2013. Its nominations included Best Film, Outstanding British Film, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay, and Best Actress in a Leading Role. Cuarón was the most-nominated person at the awards; he was nominated for five awards—including his nominations as producer for Best Film awards and editor.[86][87] Despite not winning Best Film, Gravity won six awards—the greatest number of awards in 2013. It won the awards for Outstanding British Film, Best Direction, Best Film Music, Best Cinematography, Best Sound and Best Visual Effects.[88]
Home media[edit]
Gravity was released on digital download on February 11, 2014, and was released on DVD, Blu-ray and Blu-ray 3D on February 25, 2014, in the United States and on March 3, 2014, in the United Kingdom.[89]
Scientific accuracy[edit]



 A diagram showing the orbits of the International Space Station and Hubble Space Telescope
Cuarón has stated that Gravity is not always scientifically accurate and that some liberties were needed to sustain the story.[90] "This is not a documentary," Cuarón said. "It is a piece of fiction."[91] The film has been praised for the realism of its premises and its overall adherence to physical principles, despite several inaccuracies and exaggerations.[92][93][94] According to NASA Astronaut Michael J. Massimino, who took part in the Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Missions STS-109 and STS-125, "nothing was out of place, nothing was missing. There was a one-of-a-kind wirecutter we used on one of my spacewalks and sure enough they had that wirecutter in the movie."[95]
Astronaut Buzz Aldrin called the visual effects "remarkable", and said, "I was so extravagantly impressed by the portrayal of the reality of zero gravity. Going through the space station was done just the way that I've seen people do it in reality. The spinning is going to happen—maybe not quite that vigorous—but certainly we've been fortunate that people haven't been in those situations yet. I think it reminds us that there really are hazards in the space business, especially in activities outside the spacecraft."[96] Former NASA astronaut Garrett Reisman said, "The pace and story was definitely engaging and I think it was the best use of the 3-D IMAX medium to date. Rather than using the medium as a gimmick, Gravity uses it to depict a real environment that is completely alien to most people. But the question that most people want me to answer is, how realistic was it? The very fact that the question is being asked so earnestly is a testament to the verisimilitude of the movie. When a bad science fiction movie comes out, no one bothers to ask me if it reminded me of the real thing."[97]
Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, astronomer and skeptic Phil Plait, and veteran NASA astronaut and spacewalker Scott E. Parazynski have offered comments about some of the most "glaring" inaccuracies.[94][98][99] Examples of mistakes include:
The HST, which is being repaired at the beginning of the movie, has an altitude of about 559 kilometres (347 mi) and an orbital inclination of 28.5 degrees. The ISS has an altitude of around 420 kilometres (260 mi) and an orbital inclination of 51.65 degrees. The significant differences between orbital parameters would make it impossible to travel between the two spacecraft without precise preparation, planning, calculation, the appropriate technology, and a large quantity of fuel.[93][94][99]
Several observers (including Plait and Tyson) said that in the scene in which Kowalski unclips his tether and floats away to his death to save Stone from being pulled away from the ISS, Stone would simply need to tug the tether gently to pull Kowalski toward her. According to the film's science adviser Kevin Grazier and NASA engineer Robert Frost, the pair are still decelerating with Stone's leg caught in the parachute cords from the Soyuz. The cords stretch as they absorb her kinetic energy. Kowalski thinks that the cords are not strong enough to absorb his kinetic energy as well as hers, and that he must release the tether to give Stone a chance of stopping before the cords fail and doom both of them.[100]
Stone is shown not wearing liquid-cooled ventilation garments or even socks, which are always worn under the EVA suit to protect against extreme temperatures in space. Neither was she shown wearing space diapers.[94]
Stone's tears first roll down her face in zero gravity, and are later seen floating off her face. Without sufficient force to dislodge the tears, they would remain on her face because of surface tension.[101] The movie correctly portrays the spherical nature of drops of liquid in a micro-gravity environment.[93]
Despite the inaccuracies in Gravity, Tyson, Plait and Parazynski said they enjoyed watching the film.[94][98][99] Aldrin said he hoped that the film would stimulate the public to find an interest in space again, after decades of diminishing investments into advancements in the field.[96]
See also[edit]
Apollo 13, a 1995 film dramatising the Apollo 13 incident
2001: A Space Odyssey
Love, a 2011 film about being stranded in space
Marooned, 1969 film about survival in space
Kessler syndrome
List of films featuring space stations
Survival film
Planetes, an anime and a manga based on the space debris problem
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External links[edit]
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The Hunger Games: Catching Fire
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This article is about the 2013 film adaptation. For the novel, see Catching Fire. For other uses, see Catching Fire (disambiguation).

The Hunger Games: Catching Fire
A girl holding a bow, pulling back an arrow, in a fiery circle against a black background.
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Francis Lawrence
Produced by
Nina Jacobson
Jon Kilik[1]

Screenplay by
Simon Beaufoy
Michael deBruyn

Based on
Catching Fire
 by Suzanne Collins
Starring
Jennifer Lawrence
Josh Hutcherson
Liam Hemsworth
Woody Harrelson
Elizabeth Banks
Lenny Kravitz
Philip Seymour Hoffman
Jeffrey Wright
Stanley Tucci
Sam Claflin
Jena Malone
Donald Sutherland

Music by
James Newton Howard
Cinematography
Jo Willems[1]
Editing by
Alan Edward Bell[1]
Studio
Color Force
Distributed by
Lionsgate
Release dates
November 11, 2013 (London premiere)
November 22, 2013 (United States)

Running time
146 minutes[2]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$130–140 million[3][4][5]
Box office
$863,759,321[3]
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire is a 2013 American science fiction adventure film based on Suzanne Collins' dystopian novel, Catching Fire, the second installment in The Hunger Games trilogy. The film is the sequel to The Hunger Games, and the second installment in The Hunger Games film series, produced and distributed by Lionsgate. Francis Lawrence directed the film, with a screenplay by Simon Beaufoy and Michael Arndt. Francis Lawrence took over from Gary Ross as director. Adding to the existing cast, the supporting cast was filled out with Philip Seymour Hoffman, Jeffrey Wright, Sam Claflin, Lynn Cohen, Jena Malone, Amanda Plummer, Alan Ritchson, and Meta Golding. Filming began September 10, 2012 in Atlanta, Georgia before moving to Hawaii.
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire was released on November 15, 2013 in Brazil, November 20 in Finland, Sweden and Norway, November 21 in the United Kingdom, and in IMAX on November 22 in the United States. The film received positive reviews from critics. It set records for the biggest November opening weekend and biggest three- and five-day Thanksgiving box-office totals, surpassing the first film's box office grosses. It ranks as the tenth highest grossing film at the domestic box office[6] and the highest-grossing film at the domestic box office of 2013, becoming the first 2-D film since The Dark Knight in 2008 to top the yearly box office as well as have a lead female top the box office since 1973's The Exorcist.
A sequel, The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 is scheduled to be released on November 21, 2014, followed by the concluding entry, The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 on November 20, 2015.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production 3.1 Pre-production
3.2 Casting
3.3 Filming
3.4 Costumes
4 Music
5 Marketing
6 Release
7 Reception 7.1 Critical response
7.2 Box office
7.3 Accolades
8 Sequels
9 See also
10 References
11 External links

Plot[edit]
After winning the 74th Hunger Games, Katniss Everdeen and Peeta Mellark return home to District 12. President Snow visits Katniss and explains that her actions in the Games have inspired rebellions across the districts. He orders her to use the upcoming victory tour to convince everyone her actions were out of genuine love for Peeta, not defiance against the Capitol.
As the tour begins, Haymitch Abernathy, mentor to Katniss and Peeta, warns them that the "show" of their relationship must continue for the rest of their lives. Katniss suggests a public engagement between herself and Peeta, which is carried out and congratulated by Snow at his mansion in the Capitol.
Returning home, Katniss warns her friend Gale Hawthorne of Snow's threat to kill both their families. Peacekeepers crack down on District 12 and Gale is publicly whipped after attacking new Head Peacekeeper Romulus Thread. Snow announces a special Hunger Games, the Third Quarter Quell, where all tributes will be selected from previous victors. Katniss immediately devotes herself to ensuring Peeta survives, recruiting Haymitch's help to do so. At the reaping, Effie Trinket draws Katniss and Haymitch's names, but Peeta immediately volunteers to take Haymitch's place.
As they prepare, Haymitch reveals that all the tributes are angry at being returned to the Games and advises a reluctant Katniss to make allies. In the pre-Games interviews, Katniss wears her wedding dress, as ordered by President Snow, but her stylist Cinna rigs it to transform into a representation of a mockingjay (as punishment, Cinna is later severely beaten by Peacekeepers before a helpless Katniss is sent into the arena). Peeta announces that they are expecting a baby which causes outrage and the audience of Capitol citizens to begin shouting for the Games to be stopped.
In the Games, Katniss allies with Finnick Odair and the elderly Mags, from District 4. The arena's outer forcefield shocks Peeta, stopping his heartbeat until Finnick revives him. The group flees a poisonous fog, and Mags sacrifices herself so as to avoid slowing them down. When vicious mandrills attack, Peeta is saved by the unexpected sacrifice of a tribute from District 6. The group escapes to a beach and meets District 3's Wiress and Beetee, and District 7's Johanna Mason. Wiress discovers the arena is designed like a clock with regular hazards each hour, but is killed soon after in a battle.
Beetee suggests using one of the hazards, a tree that is struck by lightning every 12 hours, and a coil of wire to electrocute the other remaining tributes. The group separates to prepare the trap, but once alone Johanna appears to attack Katniss — in reality cutting the tracker from Katniss' arm. Katniss returns to the tree and finds an unconscious Beetee with the wire from the tree attached to a makeshift spear. Unable to find Peeta, Katniss almost attacks Finnick, but Finnick reminds her to consider "who the real enemy is", as Haymitch had advised her prior to the Games. Katniss attaches the remaining wire to an arrow and shoots it into the arena forcefield as the lightning hits, causing a power failure that takes down the dome's forcefield as well as the Capitol's surveillance.
Katniss awakens in an aircraft to find Haymitch, Beetee, Finnick, and Plutarch Heavensbee, the head Gamemaker, who is revealed to be a rebel against Snow. He tells her they are bound for District 13, headquarters of the new rebellion, and that half the tributes were aware of the plan to escape with Katniss, as a symbol for the growing rebellion. They were unable to rescue Peeta and Johanna, who were taken by the Capitol. A distraught Katniss is sedated after attacking Haymitch. She later awakens to find Gale by her side, who reassures that her family is safe but also tells her that District 12 no longer exists.
Cast[edit]
See also: List of The Hunger Games cast members
Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss Everdeen
Josh Hutcherson as Peeta Mellark
Liam Hemsworth as Gale Hawthorne
Woody Harrelson as Haymitch Abernathy
Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket
Lenny Kravitz as Cinna
Philip Seymour Hoffman as Plutarch Heavensbee[7]
Jeffrey Wright as Beetee Latier
Stanley Tucci as Caesar Flickerman
Donald Sutherland as President Coriolanus Snow
Toby Jones as Claudius Templesmith
Sam Claflin as Finnick Odair[8]
Jena Malone as Johanna Mason[9]
Lynn Cohen as Mags[10]
Amanda Plummer as Wiress[11]
Meta Golding as Enobaria[12]
Bruno Gunn as Brutus[13]
Alan Ritchson as Gloss[14]
Stephanie Leigh Schlund as Cashmere[15]
E. Roger Mitchell as Chaff[16]
Maria Howell as Seeder[17]
Willow Shields as Primrose "Prim" Everdeen[18]
Paula Malcomson as Mrs. Everdeen[18]
Nelson Ascencio as Flavius
Bruce Bundy as Octavia
Patrick St. Esprit as Romulus Thread
Production[edit]
Pre-production[edit]
Lionsgate announced that a film adaptation of Catching Fire would be released as The Hunger Games: Catching Fire on November 22, 2013,[19] as a sequel to the film adaptation of The Hunger Games, with principal photography to take place in September 2012. Simon Beaufoy was hired to write the script for the film and wrote two drafts[20] before leaving after Gary Ross, director of The Hunger Games decided not to direct the sequel. The shooting timeframe was co-ordinated between Lionsgate and 20th Century Fox, in order to allow time for Jennifer Lawrence to shoot X-Men: Days of Future Past, the sequel to Fox's X-Men: First Class, in January 2013.[21]
On April 10, 2012, it was announced that Gary Ross, director of The Hunger Games, would not return due to a 'tight' and 'fitted' schedule.[22] Bennett Miller, Joe Cornish, Francis Lawrence and Juan Antonio Bayona were all being considered to direct the new film.[23] On April 19, 2012, it was announced that Francis Lawrence was offered the director position for the film. According to sources, the adaptation needed to be done filming by December 2012 to fit Jennifer Lawrence's schedule.[24] However, after X-Men: Days of Future Past lost its original director[25] and shooting for the film was delayed till April 2013,[26] Jennifer Lawrence was no longer needed to be filming in January 2013 and the shooting timeframe for The Hunger Games: Catching Fire was extended to March (including several breaks due to the holidays and awards season).[27] Lionsgate officially announced Francis Lawrence as the director for Catching Fire on May 3, 2012.[28] Two days later, it was reported that Michael Arndt (Toy Story 3, Little Miss Sunshine) was in talks to re-write the script for Catching Fire.[29] On May 24, 2012, the film was renamed The Hunger Games: Catching Fire[30] and Arndt was confirmed as the new writer of the script.[31] The film featured sequences filmed in the IMAX format.[32]
Casting[edit]
In July 2012, it was announced that Jena Malone would portray Johanna Mason,[33] that Amanda Plummer would portray Wiress, and that Philip Seymour Hoffman would portray Plutarch Heavensbee.[34] Following this, in August 2012, it was announced that Lynn Cohen had been cast as Mags.[35] Alan Ritchson was cast as Gloss on August 9,[36] Sam Claflin as Finnick Odair on August 22.[37] and Jeffrey Wright as Beetee on September 7.[38]
Filming[edit]
Jennifer Lawrence, Josh Hutcherson and Liam Hemsworth all dyed their hair for the movie once again. Lawrence went back into archery training as well training to get in shape for the role while the supporting cast undertook training in preparation for the arena scenes.[39]
Production officially began on September 10, 2012 with shooting concluding for some of the cast on December 21, 2012.[40] After the Christmas break, filming resumed for two weeks in mid January for some of the main cast[41] and was placed on hold for awards season. Principal photography resumed and concluded in March 2013.[42] Shooting first took place in and around metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia and then moved to Hawaii, to shoot the arena scenes.[43] The cast and crew were on a busy schedule, working 14-hour days and six days a week. In an interview with MTV, Josh Hutcherson confirmed scenes in the film would use IMAX cameras by stating, "They're shooting, I think, all the stuff in the arena is going to be IMAX".[44] Jennifer Lawrence and Liam Hemsworth were in Ringwood, New Jersey shooting District 12 scenes involving snow for the beginning of the film on January 31 and February 1.[45] Jennifer Lawrence confirmed that she would fly out to Hawaii on February 25, the day after the 85th Academy Awards to shoot for the final 9 days along with Claflin and Hutcherson.
In late March, filming occurred in the Universal Studios back lot and was kept extremely secretive. Witnesses reported of towers and fences on set. None of the main cast are believed to have been on set.[46] Reshoots were scheduled for April 13 in Atlanta. With the base camp set up at Executive Park off North Druid Hills Road, filming also occurred at the Goat Farm Arts Center.[47][48]
Francis Lawrence has estimated an hour of the film would be devoted to Arena scenes, and said that cameras would be mounted to avoid the shaky-cam look from the first film.[49] In an IMAX featurette, Francis Lawrence also confirmed that scenes taking place in the Arena were shot on IMAX cameras to distinguish them from scenes external to the Arena.[50] Approximately 50 minutes of the film's footage was shot in the IMAX format, through the use of three IMAX 15 perf/65mm film cameras.[51][52]
Costumes[edit]
Sarah Burton, creative director at Alexander McQueen, gave pieces of McQueen's collection to costume designer Trish Summerville.[53] An outfit worn by Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket in an officially released film portrait appears identical to a piece from McQueen's fall/winter 2012 collection.[citation needed] Summerville collaborated with Indonesian designer Tex Saverio when designing Katniss' wedding dress for the Quarter Quell interviews.[54]
Music[edit]


Main article: The Hunger Games: Catching Fire – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
In October 2012, composer James Newton Howard confirmed that he would return to score the film.[55] British singer Ed Sheeran recorded three songs for the soundtrack, but Lionsgate declined the offer.[56] On May 14, 2013, Alexandra Patsavas was listed in the credits as music supervisor, replacing T Bone Burnett from the first film. Coldplay were announced as the first official artist to be featured on the Catching Fire soundtrack album, with the song "Atlas", released worldwide on September 6, 2013.[57] Christina Aguilera announced that her song, "We Remain", would be part of the official soundtrack of the film.[58] Other artists featured on the soundtrack include Of Monsters and Men with "Silhouettes", Sia featuring The Weeknd & Diplo with "Elastic Heart", The National with "Lean", The Weeknd with "Devil May Cry", Imagine Dragons with "Who We Are", Lorde with "Everybody Wants to Rule the World", The Lumineers with "Gale Song", Ellie Goulding with "Mirror", Patti Smith with "Capitol Letter", Santigold with "Shooting Arrows at the Sky", Mikky Ekko with "Place for Us", Phantogram with "Lights", and Antony and the Johnsons with "Angel on Fire".[59]
 The score album was released November 25, 2013.

No.
Title
Length

1. "Katniss"   1:42
2. "I Had To Do That"   2:22
3. "We Have Visitors"   3:01
4. "Just Friends"   1:29
5. "Mockingjay Graffiti"   1:44
6. "The Tour"   5:56
7. "Daffodil Waltz"   0:26
8. "Waltz In A (Op. 39, No. 15)"   0:43
9. "Fireworks"   3:05
10. "Horn Of Plenty"   0:36
11. "Peacekeepers"   5:55
12. "Prim"   2:08
13. "A Quarter Quell"   2:05
14. "Katniss Is Chosen"   3:18
15. "Introducing The Tributes"   1:29
16. "There's Always A Flaw"   1:48
17. "Bow And Arrow"   1:07
18. "We're A Team"   1:52
19. "Let's Start"   2:02
20. "The Games Begin"   4:43
21. "Peeta's Heart Stops"   2:10
22. "Treetops"   1:22
23. "The Fog"   4:58
24. "Monkey Mutts"   4:44
25. "Jabberjays"   1:33
26. "I Need You"   3:57
27. "Broken Wire"   3:53
28. "Arena Crumbles"   1:43
29. "Good Morning Sweetheart"   3:07
Marketing[edit]
On November 16, 2012, the first teaser trailer was released with The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 and revealed the official logo and tagline for the film.[60] Lionsgate announced a sweepstakes competition where 12 fans would have their name listed in the film's credits. On January 11, 2013, Entertainment Weekly released a 2013 Preview edition of their magazine, with the first look of Lawrence as Katniss and Claflin as Finnick on the cover as well as several stills showcasing scenes from the film.[61] On February 22, both Hitfix and the official Facebook page debuted two viral posters of the Victory Tour featuring Jennifer Lawrence (Katniss) and Josh Hutcherson (Peeta).[62]
On January 28, 2013, CapitolCouture.PN, a promotional site for the film's fashion and culture, opened and could only be unlocked with a passcode. Once in, a picture of a blue chair appeared and told readers to check back on March 4. On March 4, 2013, the site began to release portraits of the various characters.[63][64][65][66][67][68]
Alongside the announcement of the teaser trailer premiering at the 2013 MTV Movie Awards, Lionsgate revealed a new website called TheHungerGamesExplorer. On April 10, the website was updated and fans had to tweet using the hashtag #HungerGamesExplorer to unlock new stills from the movie. A still could be unlocked every day leading up to April 14, 2013, the teaser trailer's release date.
The teaser trailer thus debuted at the 2013 MTV Movie Awards on April 14, presented by Liam Hemsworth, and the trailer was be posted on TheHungerGamesExplorer after the ceremony.[69] "Beyond Fire" by TTL was played as the trailer music.[70]
On May 14, 2013, a new poster for the film was released.
An exclusive new trailer debuted at the San Diego Comic-Con International on July 20, 2013.[71] An international trailer was released a few days later. Walmart released the first TV spot on their Facebook page on October 14, featuring Coldplay's song, "Atlas".[72]
On October 27, 2013, during the fifth inning of game 4 of the 2013 World Series, the final trailer was released.[73] Three days later, on October 30, 2013, a new IMAX poster for the film debuted.[74]
Release[edit]
The film premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square theater in London on November 11, 2013.[75] The film was later released on November 22, 2013 in the United States in conventional and IMAX theaters. The film was also shown in the 4DX format in selected international territories. It features motion-enhanced seating, wind, water sprays, strobe lightning, and scent-based special effects.[76][77][78][79] The film was also shown in the X4D[not in citation given] format, a similar technology by the company MediaMotion, shown exclusively in select Cinemex theaters.[80] It was the first 2D film to be shown in the format.[citation needed]The film was released in 4,165 theaters in US alone.[3]
The Blu-ray/DVD release date for the film in the US is March 7, 2014.[81]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire received positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 89% based on reviews from 243 professional critics, with a rating average of 7.5/10. The site's consensus reads: "Smart, smoothly directed, and enriched with a deeper exploration of the franchise's thought-provoking themes, Catching Fire proves a thoroughly compelling second installment in the Hunger Games series."[82] It was the highest rated science fiction/fantasy movie of the year on the website.[83] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the film has a score of 75 (citing "generally favorable reviews") based on 47 reviews.[84] According to polls conducted during the opening weekend by CinemaScore, the average grade audiences gave the film was an A on an A+ to F scale.[85]
The Hollywood Reporter said that the film has received "generally positive reviews"[86] and CNN reported that reviews were "overwhelmingly positive" but noted that "an overarching complaint" was that it "runs needlessly long ... and the screenplay and direction do occasionally fall short."[87] Entertainment Weekly said the consensus was that the sequel is "a more-confident, more-polished movie that delves deeper into Panem's political conflict". It also reported, "Critics are impressed that [Lawrence] commits to Katniss just as much as she would a complex David O. Russell character."[88]
Writing for The Village Voice, Stephanie Zacharek praised Jennifer Lawrence's performance, writing that the actress is "both on fire and in the process of becoming, and it’s magnificent to watch."[89] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film 3.5 stars out of four and said, "Pop-culture escapism can be thrilling when dished out by experts. Katniss is a character worth a handful of sequels. And Lawrence lights up the screen. You'll follow her anywhere." He also commended supporting actors Sam Claflin and Jena Malone.[90] Reviewing on Roger Ebert's website, Susan Wloszczyna of USA Today awarded the film three out of four stars, praising the acting of Jeffrey Wright, Amanda Plummer and Jena Malone and referring to the challenges of the arena as "visually intriguing." Wloszczyna writes: "...the one truly fresh invention—and the one that matters most—is Katniss herself. With each on-screen chapter, the poor girl from District 12 continues to fulfill her destiny as an inspiration and a rebel fighter."[91] Ian Nathan of Empire gave the film 4 stars out of 5 and noted that it was even better than the first film. He praised director Lawrence for "taking a more muscular approach" and "sensibly downplaying" the love triangle, noting that "neither [Peeta nor Gale], quite frankly, are fit to lay a pinky on [Katniss'] quiver". One fault he did find was in Philip Seymour Hoffman's "surprisingly ineffective performance".[92]
One negative review came from Sophie Monks Kaufman of Little White Lies, who praised Lawrence's performance but criticised the "dilution of the ingredients that made The Hunger Games so gripping." She also found fault with the "lumbering" plot, the "hamminess" of President Snow and Plutarch Heavensbee and the "lacklustre and unconvincing script culled from a dramatically difficult book".[93] David Denby of The New Yorker argued that the premise "doesn't make a lot of sense". He praised the "impressive" first act and Jennifer Lawrence, for "project[ing] the kind of strength that Katharine Hepburn had when she was young." However, he found the second act "attenuated and rhythmless" and criticised the "incoherent" finale that "will send the audience scurrying back to the book to find out what’s supposed to be going on".[94]
Box office[edit]
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire has earned $423,905,466 in North America, As of March 2, 2014, and $439,853,855 in other countries, As of February 23, 2014, for a worldwide total of $863,759,321.[3] Worldwide, it is the 36th highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing film of the The Hunger Games series,[95] the highest-grossing film distributed by Lionsgate and the fifth highest-grossing 2013 film.[96]
Outside North America, it is the highest-grossing film of the The Hunger Games series,[95] the highest-grossing film distributed by Lionsgate and the seventh highest-grossing 2013 film.[97] On its first weekend, it was only released in Brazil (November 15, 2013),[98] where it grossed $2.4 million on its opening day and $5.26 million for the weekend.[99][100] On the following Wednesday and Thursday, it opened in 42 more territories, bringing its total to $32 million in a week.[101] The film opened in 63 other territories and earned $138.4 million during the weekend ($146.6 million including its first week in Brazil).[102] Its three largest openings occurred in the UK, Ireland and Malta ($19.8 million), China ($13.0 million) and Germany ($12.9 million). In total earnings, its largest countries are the UK, Ireland and Malta ($55.5 million), Germany ($43.4 million) and Australia ($34.3 million).[103]
In North America, Catching Fire is the tenth highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing film of the The Hunger Games series,[95] the highest-grossing film distributed by Lionsgate[104] and the highest-grossing 2013 film.[105] It became the first 2-D film since 2008's The Dark Knight, as well as the first film with a female lead since 1973's The Exorcist, to top the yearly box office.[106][107] It is also the top-selling film in Fandango history, surpassing previous record-holder Avatar.[108] The film earned $25.3 million during Thursday late-night showings.[109] It topped the box office on its opening day with $71.0 million (including Thursday late-night showings), which is higher than its predecessor's opening day gross ($67.3 million) and is also the seventh largest single-day and opening-day gross.[110][111] During its opening weekend, The Hunger Games: Catching Fire claimed first place with $158.1 million, opening higher than its predecessor ($152.5 million). This was the sixth highest-grossing opening weekend, the second highest-grossing opening weekend of 2013 and the highest-grossing opening weekend in November.[102] In the following weekend, the film retained first place and broke the record for the largest 3-day ($74.2 million) and 5-day ($109.9 million) Thanksgiving gross.[112] It also achieved the fourth-largest second weekend.[112] It also achieved the fifth highest-grossing opening week (Friday-to-Thursday),[113] the third highest non-opening Wednesday[114] and the biggest Friday ever for a film in its second weekend.[115]
Accolades[edit]


List of awards and nominations

Year
Award
Category
Recipients
Result

2013
Golden Trailer Awards[116] Best Action Poster Nominated
Best Independent Poster Victory Tour Close Up
Hollywood Film Awards[117] Best Song "Atlas" Won
San Diego Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actress Elizabeth Banks Nominated
Best Editing Alan Edward Bell Nominated
2014 Grammy Awards[118] Best Song Written for Visual Media "Atlas" Nominated
Golden Globe Awards Best Original Song Nominated
Critics' Choice Movie Awards[119] Best Action Film Nominated
Best Actress in an Action Movie Jennifer Lawrence Nominated
Best Song "Atlas" Nominated
IGN's Best of 2013 Movie Awards[120] Best Movie Nominated
Best Sci-Fi Movie Nominated
Best Movie Poster IMAX poster Nominated
People's Choice Awards[121] Favorite Year End Movie Won
Kids' Choice Awards[122] Favorite Movie Pending
Favorite Movie Actress Jennifer Lawrence Pending
Favorite Female Buttkicker Pending
Jena Malone Pending
Empire Awards[123] Best Film Pending
Best Thriller Pending
Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Pending
Best Actress Jennifer Lawrence Pending
Best Supporting Actor Sam Claflin Pending
Saturn Awards Best Science Fiction Film Pending
Best Director Francis Lawrence Pending
Best Actress Jennifer Lawrence Pending
Best Supporting Actress Jena Malone Pending
Best Production Design Philip Messina Pending
Best Editing Alan Edward Bell Pending
Best Costume Trish Summerville Pending

Sequels[edit]
Main articles: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 and The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2
Lionsgate is splitting the third and final book of the series, Mockingjay, into two films, releasing Part 1 on November 21, 2014, and Part 2 on November 20, 2015,[124] The two-part film began production in September 2013.[125]
See also[edit]


Iphone4sblacksideview1.png2010s portal
 United States film.svgFilm in the United States portal
 Sf-userbox.pngScience fiction portal
 

References[edit]
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External links[edit]
Official website
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire at the Internet Movie Database
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire at Box Office Mojo
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire at allmovie
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire at The Numbers


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Screenplays by Michael Arndt










 


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