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Hannibal Lecter (franchise)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

The Hannibal Lecter franchise refers to a series of novels, and their adaptations in other forms of media, that feature the character Hannibal Lecter. The series started with the 1981 novel Red Dragon.


Contents  [hide]
1 Novels
2 Films and television 2.1 Cast and characters
3 References

Novels[edit]
Red Dragon (1981)
The Silence of the Lambs (1988)
Hannibal (1999)
Hannibal Rising (2006)
Films and television[edit]
Manhunter (1986)
The Silence of the Lambs (1991)
Hannibal (2001)
Red Dragon (2002)
Hannibal Rising (2007)
Hannibal (TV series) (2013– )
The first adaptation was the 1986 film Manhunter, which was an adaptation of Red Dragon, directed by Michael Mann.
The next adaptation was 1991's The Silence of the Lambs, which was directed by Jonathan Demme and was the first film to feature Anthony Hopkins in the role of Hannibal Lecter. Silence was a success, both critically and financially, and went on to become the third film in Academy Awards history to win in all top five categories (Best Actor for Hopkins, Best Actress for Jodie Foster, Best Director for Demme, Best Writing (Adapted Screenplay) for Ted Tally, and Best Picture). Hopkins reprised the role in the next two films, 2001's Hannibal, a sequel directed by Ridley Scott, and 2002's Red Dragon, a prequel directed by Brett Ratner. In 2002, Hopkins revealed that he had written a screenplay for another sequel, ending with Clarice killing Lecter; it was not produced.[1]
In 2007, Hannibal Rising was released. The film is a prequel, directed by Peter Webber and starring Gaspard Ulliel as Lecter.
In 2013, the TV series Hannibal premiered. Developed by Bryan Fuller, it is not a direct adaptation, but based on characters and elements from the novel Red Dragon. Some characters appear under the opposite gender, such as Freddy Lounds, who is renamed Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds.
Cast and characters[edit]


Manhunter
 (1986)
The Silence of the Lambs
 (1991)
Hannibal
 (2001)
Red Dragon
 (2002)
Hannibal Rising
 (2007)
Hannibal (TV series)
 (2013– )

Hannibal Lecter
Brian Cox Anthony Hopkins Gaspard Ulliel
Aaran Thomas (young) Mads Mikkelsen
Will Graham
William Petersen  Edward Norton  Hugh Dancy
Jack Crawford
Dennis Farina Scott Glenn  Harvey Keitel  Laurence Fishburne
Frederick Chilton
Benjamin Hendrickson Anthony Heald  Anthony Heald  Raúl Esparza
Francis Dolarhyde
 (The Tooth Fairy)
Tom Noonan  Ralph Fiennes 
Clarice Starling
 Jodie Foster
Masha Skorobogatov (young) Julianne Moore 
Buffalo Bill
 (Jame Gumb)
 Ted Levine 
Barney Matthews
 Frankie Faison 
Freddy Lounds
Stephen Lang  Philip Seymour Hoffman  Lara Jean Chorostecki
(as Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds)
Mason Verger
 Gary Oldman  Michael Pitt
Paul Krendler
 Ron Vawter Ray Liotta 
Bedelia Du Maurier
 Gillian Anderson
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Oldenburg, Ann (October 3, 2002). "Marquee names serve up another helping of Hannibal". USA Today. Retrieved April 19, 2013.


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: Hannibal Lecter
Thriller novel series
Horror films by series


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Hannibal Lecter
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search


Hannibal Lecter
Hannibal Tetralogy character
Lecter, Hannibal.png
Four on-screen versions of Hannibal Lecter (clockwise from top left): Brian Cox, Anthony Hopkins, Mads Mikkelsen and Gaspard Ulliel.

Created by
Thomas Harris
Portrayed by
Brian Cox
 (Manhunter)
Anthony Hopkins
 (The Silence of the Lambs, Hannibal, Red Dragon)
Gaspard Ulliel
 Aaran Thomas (child)
 (Hannibal Rising)
Mads Mikkelsen
 (Hannibal)
Information

Nickname(s)
Hannibal the Cannibal
 The Chesapeake Ripper
Aliases
Lloyd Wyman
 Dr. Fell
 Mr. Closter
Gender
Male
Occupation
Psychiatrist
Title
Dr. Hannibal Lecter
 Count Hannibal Lecter VIII
Relatives
Mischa Lecter (sister)
 Count Robert Lecter (uncle)
 Lady Murasaki (aunt-by-marriage)
Nationality
Lithuanian
Hannibal Lecter is a fictional character in a series of suspense novels by Thomas Harris.
Lecter was introduced in the 1981 thriller novel Red Dragon as a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. The novel and its sequel, The Silence of the Lambs, feature Lecter as one of the primary antagonists after the two serial killers in both novels. In the third novel, Hannibal, Lecter becomes a protagonist. His role as the antihero occurs in the fourth novel, Hannibal Rising, which explores his childhood and development into a serial killer.
The first film adapted from the Harris novels was Manhunter (based on Red Dragon) which features Brian Cox as Lecter, spelled "Lecktor". In 1991, Anthony Hopkins won an Academy Award for his portrayal of the character in The Silence of the Lambs. He would reprise the role in Hannibal in 2001 and in a second adaptation of Red Dragon made in 2002 under the original title.
In 2003, Hannibal Lecter (as portrayed by Hopkins) was chosen by the American Film Institute as the #1 movie villain.[1] In June 2010, Entertainment Weekly named him one of the 100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years.[2]


Contents  [hide]
1 Character overview
2 Appearances 2.1 Novels
2.2 In film
2.3 In television
3 Real-life models
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

Character overview[edit]
Red Dragon firmly states that Lecter does not fit any known psychological profile. In the film adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs, Lecter's keeper, Dr. Frederick Chilton, claims that Lecter is a "pure psychopath"; however, in the novel, Dr. Chilton calls Lecter a sociopath. Lecter's pathology is explored in greater detail in Hannibal and Hannibal Rising, which explain that he was traumatized as a child in Lithuania in 1944 when he witnessed the murder and cannibalism of his beloved younger sister, Mischa, by Lithuanian Hilfswillige. One of the Hilfswillige members claimed that Lecter unwittingly ate his sister as well.
All media in which Lecter appears portray him as cultured and sophisticated, with refined tastes in art, music, and cuisine. He is frequently depicted preparing gourmet meals from his victims' flesh, the most famous example being his admission in the film adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs that he once ate a census taker's liver "with fava beans and a nice Chianti". He is deeply offended by rudeness, and frequently kills people who have bad manners — or, as he calls them in Hannibal, "free-range rude". Prior to his capture and imprisonment, he is a member of Baltimore, Maryland's social elite, and a sitting member of the Baltimore Philharmonic Orchestra's board of directors.
In The Silence of the Lambs, Lecter is described through protagonist Clarice Starling's eyes: "small, sleek, and in his hands and arms she saw wiry strength like her own". The novel also reveals that Lecter's left hand has a condition called mid ray duplication polydactyly, i.e. a duplicated middle finger.[3] In Hannibal, he performs plastic surgery on his own face on several occasions, and removes his extra digit. Lecter's eyes are a shade of maroon, and reflect the light in "pinpoints of red".[4] He has small white teeth[5] and dark, slicked-back hair with a widow's peak. He also has a keen sense of smell; in The Silence of the Lambs, he is able to identify through a plate glass window the brand of perfume that Starling wore the day before.
Appearances[edit]
Novels[edit]
In the backstory of Red Dragon, FBI profiler Will Graham initially consults Lecter about a series of murders and realizes that Lecter is the culprit. Lecter realizes that Graham is on to him, creeps up behind him and stabs him, nearly disemboweling him, but not killing him. Lecter is convicted and incarcerated in the Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane, under the care of Dr. Frederick Chilton, a pompous, incompetent psychologist whom Lecter despises. Some years later, Graham comes out of retirement and consults Lecter in order to catch another serial killer, Francis Dolarhyde, known by the nickname "The Tooth-Fairy". Through the classifieds of a tabloid, The National Tattler, Lecter provides Dolarhyde with Graham's home address, enabling Dolarhyde to disfigure Graham and attempt to kill his family. At the end of the novel, Lecter sends Graham a note saying that he hopes Graham isn't "too ugly".
In the 1988 sequel The Silence of the Lambs, Lecter assists an FBI agent-in-training named Clarice Starling in catching a serial killer known as "Buffalo Bill". Lecter is fascinated by Starling, and they form an unusual relationship in which he provides her with a profile of the killer and his modus operandi in exchange for details about her unhappy childhood. Lecter had previously met Buffalo Bill, the former lover of his patient (and eventual victim) Benjamin Raspail. He does not reveal this information directly, instead giving Starling vague clues to help her figure it out for herself. Lecter eventually stages a dramatic, bloody escape from captivity and disappears. While in hiding, he writes one letter to Starling wishing her well, and another to Chilton swearing gruesome revenge. Chilton disappears soon afterward.
In the third novel, 1999's Hannibal, Lecter lives in a palazzo in Florence, Italy, and works as a museum curator under the alias "Dr. Fell". The novel reveals that one of Lecter's victims survived: Mason Verger, a wealthy, sadistic pedophile whom Lecter had drugged and mutilated during a therapy session. Verger offers a huge reward for anyone who apprehends Lecter, whom he intends to feed to feral pigs specially bred for the purpose. Verger enlists the help of Rinaldo Pazzi, a disgraced Italian police inspector, and Paul Krendler, a corrupt Justice Department official and Starling's boss. Lecter kills Pazzi and returns to the United States to escape Verger's Sardinian henchmen, only to be captured. Starling follows them, intent on apprehending Lecter personally, but is instead also taken captive. After escaping the trap, Lecter convinces Verger's sister Margot to kill her brother as revenge for raping her when they were children, and leaves a voice mail message taking responsibility for the crime. He then rescues the wounded Starling and takes her to his rented lake house to treat her. During her time there he keeps her sedated, attempting to transform her into his dead sister Mischa through a regimen of classical conditioning and mind-altering drugs. One day, he invites her to a formal dinner where the guest and first course is Krendler, whose brain they consume together. On this night, Starling tells Lecter that Mischa's memory can live within him instead of taking her place. She then offers him her breast, and they become lovers. The novel ends three years later with the couple living in Argentina.
Harris wrote a 2006 prequel, Hannibal Rising, after film producer Dino De Laurentiis (who owned the cinematic rights to the Lecter character) announced that he was going to make a film depicting Lecter's childhood and development into a serial killer with or without Harris' help. (Harris would also write the film's screenplay.) The novel chronicles Lecter's early life, from birth into an aristocratic family in Lithuania in 1933, to being orphaned, along with his beloved sister Mischa, in 1944 when a German Stuka bomber attacks a Soviet tank in front of their forest hideaway. Shortly thereafter, Lecter and Mischa are captured by a band of Nazi collaborators, who murder and cannibalize Mischa before her brother's eyes; Lecter later learns that the collaborators also fed him Mischa's remains. Irreparably traumatized, Lecter escapes from the deserters and takes up residence in an orphanage, where he is bullied by the other children and abused by the dean. He is adopted by his uncle Robert and his Japanese wife, Lady Murasaki. After his uncle dies, Lecter forms a close, pseudo-romantic relationship with his step-aunt; during this time he also shows great intellectual aptitude, entering medical school at a young age. Despite his seemingly comfortable life, Lecter is consumed by a savage obsession with avenging Mischa's death. He kills for the first time as a teenager, beheading a racist fishmonger who insulted Murasaki. He then methodically tracks down, tortures, and murders each of the men who had killed his sister, in the process forsaking his relationship with Murasaki and seemingly losing all traces of his humanity. The novel ends with Lecter being accepted into the Johns Hopkins Medical Center.
In film[edit]
Main article: Hannibal Lecter (franchise)





Brian Cox as Hannibal "Lecktor" in Manhunter. Cox was the first actor to play the character.



Gaspard Ulliel as young Lecter in Hannibal Rising.
Red Dragon was first adapted to film in 1986 as the Michael Mann film Manhunter, although the spelling of Lecter's name was changed to "Lecktor". He was played by actor Brian Cox.[6] Cox based his performance on Scottish serial killer Peter Manuel.[7]
In 1991, Orion Pictures produced a Jonathan Demme-directed adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs, in which Lecter was played by actor Anthony Hopkins. Hopkins' Academy Award–winning performance made Lecter into a cultural icon. In 2001, Hannibal was adapted to film, with Hopkins reprising his role. In the film adaptation, the ending is revised: Starling attempts to apprehend Lecter, who escapes after cutting off his own hand to free himself from her handcuffs. In 2002, Red Dragon was adapted again, this time under its original title, with Hopkins again as Lecter and Edward Norton as Will Graham. Hopkins wrote a screenplay for a Hannibal sequel, ending with Starling killing Lecter, but it was never produced.[8]
In late 2006, the novel Hannibal Rising was adapted into the film of the same name, which explained Lecter's development into a serial killer. In the film, which was finished by 2007, eight-year-old Lecter is portrayed by Aaran Thomas, while Gaspard Ulliel portrays him as a young man. Both the novel and film received generally negative critical reviews.[9]
In television[edit]
Main article: Hannibal (TV series)
In February 2012, NBC gave a series order to Hannibal, a television adaptation of Red Dragon to be written and executive-produced by Bryan Fuller.[10] Mads Mikkelsen plays Lecter,[11] opposite Hugh Dancy as Will Graham.[12]
Fuller commented on Mikkelsen's version of Lecter: "What I love about Mads' approach to the character is that, in our first meeting, he was adamant that he didn't want to do Hopkins or Cox. He talked about the character not so much as 'Hannibal Lecter the cannibal psychiatrist', but as Satan – this fallen angel who's enamoured with mankind and had an affinity for who we are as people, but was definitely not among us – he was other. I thought that was a really cool, interesting approach, because I love science fiction and horror and – not that we'd ever do anything deliberately to suggest this – but having it subtextually play as him being Lucifer felt like a really interesting kink to the series. It was slightly different than anything that's been done before and it also gives it a slightly more epic quality if you watch the show through the prism of, 'This is Satan at work, tempting someone with the apple of their psyche'. It appealed to all of those genre things that get me excited about any sort of entertainment."[13]
The pilot episode aired on NBC on April 4, 2013 and amends the original continuity so that Lecter and Graham first meet during the FBI's hunt for the "Minnesota Shrike", Garrett Jacob Hobbs. Throughout the first season, Lecter acts as Graham's unofficial psychiatrist, and comes to think of him as a friend. Nevertheless, Lecter manipulates Graham into believing he is mentally ill and deliberately prevents him from learning that he suffers from encephalitis, all so he can study Graham's behavior. In the final episode of the first season, "Savoureux", Lecter frames Graham for his crimes — but not before Graham realizes that Lecter is the killer he has been hunting. The series also introduces Abigail Hobbs, for whom Lecter feels a paternal affection until he is forced to kill her, and Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier, Lecter's psychotherapist, who suspects that Lecter is hiding something from her.
Real-life models[edit]



 Hopkins as Lecter.
Thomas Harris has given few interviews, and did not explain where he got inspiration for Hannibal Lecter until mid 2013. He revealed that the character was inspired by a real-life Mexican doctor and murderer he met while visiting a prison in Monterrey in the 1960s, as a 23-year-old reporter.[14] The doctor was serving life after murdering a victim and putting them in a small box. Harris, who would only refer to the surgeon by the fake name "Dr Salazar", described him as a “small lithe man with dark red hair”. He added: “There was certain elegance about him.” [15]
Harris had gone to interview Dykes Askew Simmons, a US citizen on death row for murdering three young people, but he ended up also speaking to "Salazar", who saved Simmons’ life after a guard shot him during an escape bid. The doctor revealed his dark side as he began discussing Simmons’ disfigured face, tormented upbringing and how attractive his murdered victims had been.
In a making-of documentary for the film version of Hannibal Rising, Lecter's early murders were said to be based on murders that Harris had covered when he was a crime reporter in the 1960s. In 1992, Harris also attended the ongoing trials of Pietro Pacciani, who was suspected of being the serial killer nicknamed the "Monster of Florence". Parts of the killer's modus operandi were used as reference for the novel Hannibal, which was released in 1999. In an interview on Inside the Actors Studio, Hopkins said that he used the characteristics of Katharine Hepburn and HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey as inspiration for his performance.[citation needed]
According to David Sexton, author of The Strange World of Thomas Harris: Inside the Mind of the Creator of Hannibal Lecter, Harris once told a librarian in Cleveland, Mississippi, that Lecter was inspired by William Coyne, a local murderer who had escaped from prison in 1934 and gone on a rampage that included acts of murder and cannibalism.
In her book Evil Serial Killers, Charlotte Greig asserts that the serial killer Albert Fish was the inspiration, at least in part, for Lecter.[16] Greig also states that to explain Lecter's pathology, Harris borrowed the story of serial killer and cannibal Andrei Chikatilo's brother Stepan being kidnapped and eaten by starving neighbours (though she states that it is unclear whether the story was true or whether Stepan Chikatilo even existed).[17]
See also[edit]
Hannibal Lecter (franchise)
Hannibal (TV series)

Portal icon Novels portal
Dorangel Vargas, a serial killer known as the "Hannibal Lecter of the Andes"
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Heroes & Villains". American Film Institute. June 2003. Retrieved 2007-02-12.
2.Jump up ^ Adam B. Vary (June 1, 2010). "The 100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years: Here's our full list!". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved July 7, 2012.
3.Jump up ^ Silence of the Lambs p. 15, para. 2: "Dr. Lecter has six fingers on his left hand".
4.Jump up ^ Silence of the Lambs p. 16, para 4: "Dr. Lecter's eyes are maroon, and they reflect the light in pinpoints of red".
5.Jump up ^ The Silence of the Lambs p. 17, para. 4: "He tapped his small white teeth against the card and breathed in its smell".
6.Jump up ^ BBC interview with Brian Cox on youtube.com
7.Jump up ^ Mottram, James (March 2011). "Manhunter". In Aubrey, Day. Total Film (Future Publishing) (177): 112–116.
8.Jump up ^ Oldenburg, Ann (October 3, 2002). "Marquee names serve up another helping of Hannibal". USA Today. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
9.Jump up ^ Hannibal Rising at Rotten Tomatoes
10.Jump up ^ Pilot Season: NBC Orders Hannibal Straight to Series; Also Picks Up Notorious - TVGuide.com
11.Jump up ^ NBC casts Bond villain as Hannibal Lecter
12.Jump up ^ Morgan, Jeffrey. "Hannibal Lecter TV series casts Hugh Dancy as Will Graham" www.digitalspy.com. March 23, 2012
13.Jump up ^ Jeffery, Morgan (May 3, 2013). "Bryan Fuller 'Hannibal' Q&A: 'Lecter is like Satan at work'". digitalspy.ie. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
14.Jump up ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2379949/Killer-doctor-inspired-cinematic-history-Author-reveals-chilling-story-Hannibal-Lecter--actually-SAVED-someones-life.html
15.Jump up ^ http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/5037624/Hannibal-Lecter-was-based-on-a-sinister-surgeon-locked-up-for-murder-in-the-1960s.html
16.Jump up ^ Grieg, Charlotte, Evil Serial Killers: In the Minds of Monsters (2009), p.27
17.Jump up ^ Grieg, Charlotte, Evil Serial Killers: In the Minds of Monsters (2009), p.102
External links[edit]
Hannibal Lecter at the Internet Movie Database
Information about Hannibal Lecter, with a focus on Manhunter (1986)
Crime Library profile of Lecter
NPR broadcast on Lecter
Brian Cox interview on Hannibal


[hide]
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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 


 


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Characters in American novels of the 21st century
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Fictional cannibals
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Will Graham
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

For the American Christian evangelist, see Will Graham (evangelist).

Will Graham
Hannibal Tetralogy character
Created by
Thomas Harris
Portrayed by
William Petersen
 (Manhunter)
Edward Norton
 (Red Dragon)
Hugh Dancy
 (Hannibal)
Information

Gender
Male
Occupation
FBI profiler
Nationality
American
Will Graham is a fictional character and the protagonist of Thomas Harris's 1981 novel Red Dragon. He is an FBI profiler responsible for the original capture of the serial killer Hannibal Lecter, and the man who is assigned to locate serial killer Francis Dolarhyde. In both the text and film adaptations, the character is explicitly identified as having a photographic memory rivaling Lecter's.
Other than passing mentions in Harris' sequel The Silence of the Lambs, he does not appear in any other book of the Lecter series. In the film adaptations Manhunter and Red Dragon, he is portrayed by William Petersen and Edward Norton, respectively. In the television series Hannibal, he is portrayed by Hugh Dancy.


Contents  [hide]
1 Profile
2 Films
3 TV series
4 References

Profile[edit]
This history is based on the novel by Thomas Harris, not any of the screenplays in which Will Graham appears:
Red Dragon establishes Graham's backstory. He grew up poor in Louisiana, eventually moving to New Orleans, where he worked as a homicide detective. He leaves New Orleans to attend graduate school in forensic science at George Washington University. After attaining his degree, Graham goes to work for the FBI's crime lab. Following exceptional work both in the crime lab and in the field, Graham is given a post as teacher at the FBI Academy. During his career in the FBI, Graham is given the title of 'Special Investigator' while he is in the field.
Graham is portrayed as having the ability to empathize with the serial killers he pursues; he is often disturbed, even disgusted, by this ability.
His first major case involves a serial killer called the 'Minnesota Shrike', who had been murdering college coeds for eight months. In 1975, he catches the killer, Garrett Jacob Hobbs, at the suspect's home, in the process of trying to murder his own family. Graham finds Hobbs' wife on the apartment landing, bleeding from multiple stab wounds, who clutches at Graham before dying. Graham breaks down the door and shoots Hobbs to death as Hobbs is repeatedly stabbing his own daughter in the neck. Hobbs' daughter survives and eventually goes on with her life following intensive psychotherapy. Graham is profoundly disturbed by the incident and is referred to the psychiatric ward of Bethesda Naval Hospital. After a month in the hospital, he returns to the FBI.
In 1977, he tracks down another serial killer known as the 'Chesapeake Ripper', who removes his victims' organs. He notices that a victim with multiple stab wounds has a healed stab wound; according to his medical records, the victim received the wound in a hunting accident five years previous. He tracks down the doctor who treated the victim in the emergency room, Dr. Hannibal Lecter, now a renowned psychiatrist, to see if he remembers any suspicious circumstances surrounding the patient. During their first meeting, Lecter claims not to remember very much. Graham returns to see Lecter in his office, and within minutes realizes that Lecter is the killer he seeks. Graham goes to Lecter's outer office and makes a phone call to the FBI's Baltimore Field Office. Lecter, who has removed his shoes, sneaks up on Graham and slashes his abdomen with a linoleum knife, nearly disemboweling him. FBI agents and Maryland State Troopers arrive and arrest Lecter, and Graham spends months recovering in a hospital. It was only after a while in the hospital that he realized what had tipped him off — the antique medical diagram Wound Man, whose wounds match exactly those of the Ripper's victim. Graham's capture of Lecter makes him a celebrity, and he is revered as a legend at the FBI. A tabloid reporter, Freddy Lounds, sneaks into the hospital where Graham is recuperating, photographs Graham's wounds, and humiliates him in the National Tattler. Graham retires after his recovery.
In 1980, Graham is living with his wife Molly, whom he met a year after the incident with Lecter, and her son Willy in Sugarloaf Key, Florida. His former boss, Jack Crawford, persuades him to come out of retirement and help the FBI catch a killer nicknamed the 'Tooth Fairy', who had killed two families on a lunar cycle, the first in Birmingham and the second in Atlanta. After studying the crime scenes, Graham consults Lecter on the case, but Lecter only taunts him, and later sends Graham's address to the killer, Francis Dolarhyde, in code, threatening the safety of his wife and stepson. The family are moved first to a cottage owned by Crawford's brother, but Molly later decides to take Willy to stay with her late first husband's parents in Oregon. Graham resumes tracking Dolarhyde and uses Lounds in an attempt to break the coded communication between Lecter and Dolarhyde by giving Lounds false information, insinuating that Dolarhyde is an impotent homosexual. Enraged, Dolarhyde kidnaps and brutally murders Lounds. After linking him to a film developing company, Graham, Crawford, and FBI agents arrive at Dolarhyde's home to arrest him, only to find that the killer had set it on fire while his blind girlfriend, Reba McClane, was inside; he then apparently committed suicide. Graham rescues and consoles McClane, and returns home, believing Dolarhyde's reign of terror to be over.
However, Dolarhyde's apparent suicide is revealed to have been a ruse; he had shot a previous victim, fooling McClane into thinking he was dead. Dolarhyde attacks Graham and his family at their Florida home, stabbing Graham in the face before being killed by Graham's wife. Graham and his family survive, but he is left disfigured. Will Graham is briefly referred to in The Silence of the Lambs, the sequel to Red Dragon, when Clarice Starling notes that "Will Graham, the keenest hound ever to run in Crawford's pack, was a legend at the (FBI) Academy; he was also a drunk in Florida now with a face that's hard to look at..." Crawford tells her that "[Graham's] face looks like damned Picasso drew it." When Starling first meets Lecter, he asks her how Graham's face looks. Before Lecter's escape, Dr. Frederick Chilton tells him that Crawford is not happy that Lecter "cut up his protege", referencing Graham.[1]
Films[edit]
Graham has been portrayed twice in movies; in Manhunter by William Petersen and again in Red Dragon by Edward Norton.
The 2002 film version of Red Dragon changes the nature of his connection to Lecter; while in the novel he met Lecter for the first time while questioning him about the death of a patient, in the film he and Lecter have apparently known each other for some time, with Graham often consulting Lecter on several of his cases until intuiting that Lecter is the killer he has been trying to catch. The film also omits Graham's facial disfigurement, the final scene depicting him as being wounded during Dolarhyde's attack, but ultimately surviving.
TV series[edit]
Main article: Hannibal (TV series)
In March 2012, NBC announced that Hugh Dancy had been cast as Graham in Hannibal, a new television series about his and Lecter's relationship prior to the latter's capture. The show premiered on April 4, 2013[2]
This version of Graham says he is closer to being on the autism spectrum than being a psychopath, but showrunner Bryan Fuller has refuted the idea that he has Asperger's Syndrome, stating instead that he has "the opposite of"[3][4] it. He possesses "pure empathy" and an overactive imagination and suffers from advanced encephalitis, allowing him to mentally recreate the murders he is investigating, while also leaving him prone to blackouts and intense hallucinations. Throughout the series, Lecter acts as Graham's informal psychiatrist.
The TV version also amends continuity so that Graham first works with Lecter during the hunt for the "Minnesota Shrike". The method with which Graham discerns Lecter's identity as the Chesapeake Ripper in the novels' universe (talking to Lecter regarding a Ripper victim's former injuries, discovering the Wounded Man picture) is instead attributed to an FBI trainee named Miriam Lass. In "Savoureux", the final episode of the first season, Graham is arrested for several murders that Lecter committed — but not before realizing that Lecter is the serial killer he has been trying to catch.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Harris, Thomas (February 15, 1991). The Silence of the Lambs (novel). St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-92458-5.
2.Jump up ^ Gould, J.J. "Who Is Will Graham?" The Atlantic. April 3, 2013.
3.Jump up ^ Turek, Ryan. "Bloodcast Ep 33: Hannibal Showrunner Bryan Fuller" Bloodcast. April 17, 2013.
4.Jump up ^ Faye, Denis. "It's a Matter of Taste" Writers Guide of America, West. May 10, 2013.


[hide]
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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: Characters in American novels of the 20th century
Drama television characters
Fictional characters from Louisiana
Fictional characters introduced in 1981
Fictional characters on the autistic spectrum
Fictional empaths
Fictional FBI agents
Hannibal Lecter
Horror film characters


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Clarice Starling
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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 This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2008)

Clarice Starling
Hannibal Tetralogy character
SOTLClariceLecter.jpg
Jodie Foster as Clarice Starling in The Silence of the Lambs.

Created by
Thomas Harris
Portrayed by
Jodie Foster
 Masha Skorobogatov (child)
 (The Silence of the Lambs)
Julianne Moore
 (Hannibal)
Information

Gender
Female
Occupation
FBI agent
Religion
Lutheranism
Nationality
American
Clarice M. Starling is a fictional character and the protagonist of the novels The Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal by Thomas Harris.
In the film adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs, she was played by Jodie Foster, while in the film adaptation of Hannibal, she was played by Julianne Moore.
Clarice Starling, as portrayed by Foster, was ranked the sixth greatest protagonist in film history on AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains, making her the highest-ranking heroine.[1]


Contents  [hide]
1 The Silence of the Lambs
2 Hannibal
3 Films
4 Television
5 References

The Silence of the Lambs[edit]
In The Silence of the Lambs, Starling is a student at the FBI Academy. Her mentor, FBI director Jack Crawford, sends her to interview Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. He is housed in a Baltimore mental institution. Upon arriving at the asylum for her first interview with Lecter, the asylum manager Frederick Chilton makes a crude pass at her, which she rebuffs; this helps her bond with Lecter, who also despises Chilton. As time passes, Lecter gives Starling information about Buffalo Bill, a currently active serial killer being hunted by the FBI, but only in exchange for personal information, which Crawford has specifically warned her to keep secret from Lecter.
She tells Lecter that she was raised in a small town in West Virginia with her father, a police officer. When she was about 10 years old, her father was shot when responding to a robbery; he died a month after the incident. Starling was sent to live with her uncle on a Montana sheep and horse farm, from which she briefly ran away in horror when she witnessed the lambs being slaughtered (the title of the book refers to her being haunted by the screaming she heard from the lambs).
She spent the rest of her childhood in a Lutheran orphanage. According to the novel, Starling attended the University of Virginia as a double major in psychology and criminology. During that time, she spent two summers working as a counselor in a mental health center. Starling first met Jack Crawford when he was a guest lecturer at UVA. His criminology seminars were a factor in her decision to join the FBI.
During the investigation, Starling is assigned to coax Lecter into revealing Buffalo Bill's identity; Lecter gives her clues in the form of cryptic, riddling information designed to help Starling figure it out for herself. The two grow to respect each other, so when Lecter escapes during a transfer engineered by Chilton to a state prison in Tennessee, Starling feels that he "would consider it rude" to attack her by surprise and kill her without talking to her first.
Starling deduces from Lecter's hints that Buffalo Bill's first victim had a personal relationship with him, and so goes to the victim's home in Belvedere, Ohio, to interview people who knew her. She unknowingly stumbles onto the killer himself, Jame Gumb (he is living under the alias "Jack Gordon" when they meet). When she sees a Death's Head moth, the same rare kind that Bill stuffs in the throats of each of his victims, flutter through the house, she knows that she has found her man and tries to arrest him. Gumb flees, and Starling follows him into his basement, where his latest victim is alive and screaming for help. Gumb turns off the electricity in the basement, and stalks Starling through the rooms wearing night vision goggles. He is about to shoot her when she hears him behind her and opens fire into the darkness, killing him. The victim is rescued.
Weeks later, Lecter writes Starling a letter from a hotel room somewhere in Detroit asking her if the lambs have stopped screaming.
The final scene of the novel has Starling sleeping peacefully at a friend's vacation house at the Maryland seashore.
Hannibal[edit]
In Hannibal, Starling is in her early thirties and a full-fledged FBI agent, although her career has been held back by a vengeful superior, Paul Krendler, at the Department of Justice. She takes part in a bungled drug raid, in which she returns fire after a drug kingpin fires at her, using an infant as a hostage; her superiors blame her for the resulting mess, and she is removed from active duty, mostly at Krendler's instigation. She receives a supportive letter from Lecter, who is (unknown to her at the time) residing in Florence, Italy. One of Lecter's surviving victims, a sadistic pedophile named Mason Verger, is searching for Lecter and has offered a huge reward, which a corrupt Florentine police inspector named Pazzi tries to claim when he deduces Lecter's true identity in Florence.
Starling finds out that Lecter is in Florence and attempts to warn Pazzi. As Starling predicted, Lecter knows about the plot to capture him and, as a result, he kills Pazzi. Lecter then flees to the United States and immediately starts to follow Starling. Starling, meanwhile, is being harassed at the FBI by various corrupt agents, especially by Krendler, who is secretly assisting Verger in his attempt to capture Lecter. Starling attempts to find Lecter first, not only to capture him but also to save him from Verger. Krendler attempts to frame Starling in a scheme planned by Verger, alleging she sent coded newspaper messages to Lecter; this only results in her being suspended, but she is now powerless to stop Verger's men. Lecter is captured by Verger, who plans to feed him to a pack of specially bred wild boars.



Julianne Moore as Starling in Hannibal; Lecter is in the background.
Starling is aware that Lecter is being held by Verger, so she attempts to save him. She is wounded in the ensuing gunfight; Lecter rescues her and nurses her back to health. He then subjects her to a regimen of mind-altering drugs and classical conditioning in an attempt to make her believe she is his long-dead sister, Mischa.
During this time, Lecter captures Krendler and performs a craniotomy on him while he is still alive. During an elaborate dinner, Lecter scoops spoonfuls of Krendler's forebrain to saute with lemon and capers. In the novel, he feeds Krendler's brain to Starling, who finds it delicious.
Lecter's plan to brainwash Starling ultimately fails, as she refuses to have her own personality sublimated. She then opens her dress and offers her breast to Lecter; he accepts her offer and the two became lovers. They disappear together, only to be sighted again three years later entering the Teatro Colón opera house in Buenos Aires by former orderly Barney Matthews, who had befriended and respected Lecter while he was incarcerated in Baltimore. Fearing for his life, Barney leaves Buenos Aires immediately, never to return.
Films[edit]
In the film adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs, Starling's role remains relatively unchanged from the book. However, the film adaptation of Hannibal significantly diverges from the novel's conclusion, with no reference being made to Lecter's attempts to brainwash her. Lecter does not attempt to feed Starling Krendler's brain (though he does feed portions of it to Krendler himself). Starling tries to apprehend Lecter, but he overpowers her which prompts Starling to handcuff herself to him in an attempt to keep him in the house before the imminent arrival of the police. Realizing that the only means of escape is to cut off Starling's hand, Lecter instead chooses to cut off his own hand and escapes, leaving Starling to explain the situation to the police. He is later seen on a plane, apparently fleeing the country again.
Although she won the Academy Award for Best Actress for playing Starling in The Silence of the Lambs, Jodie Foster decided not to reprise her role in Hannibal.[2] Julianne Moore portrayed the character in the sequel, with Anthony Hopkins himself recommending her for the role after his previous experience working with her in the film Surviving Picasso.
Television[edit]
In May 2012, Lifetime announced that they are developing a television series centered on Clarice Starling after her graduation from the FBI academy, titled Clarice, which will be produced by MGM.[3]
Bryan Fuller, the creator of the TV series Hannibal, has stated that he plans for the show's fifth season to cover the events of The Silence of the Lambs, and the sixth to cover the events of Hannibal, with the seventh to be an original storyline resolving Hannibal's ending.[4] Fuller has stated his desire to include Clarice Starling as a character, provided that he can get the rights from MGM.[5]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ AFI. "AFI's 100 YEARS...100 HEROES & VILLAINS". Retrieved 20 September 2011.
2.Jump up ^ Hollywood.com (29 December 1999). "Jodie Foster Declines "Hannibal's" Invite". Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
3.Jump up ^ Schneider, Michael (May 25, 2012). "Exclusive: Lifetime Developing Clarice, Based on Silence of the Lambs Character". TVGuide. Lions Gate Entertainment. Retrieved 2012-11-10.
4.Jump up ^ Bernstein, Abbie (June 13, 2013). "Exclusive Interview: HANNIBAL news on Season 1, Season 2 and beyond from showrunner Bryan Fuller". Assignment X. Retrieved June 21, 2013.
5.Jump up ^ Goldman, Eric (April 3, 2013). "Hannibal: How Bryan Fuller Approached the Iconic Character". IGN. Retrieved April 5, 2013.


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: Hannibal Lecter
Fictional FBI agents
Fictional characters from West Virginia
Fictional orphans
Characters in American novels of the 20th century
Fictional characters introduced in 1988
Horror film characters





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Francis Dolarhyde
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Jump to: navigation, search


Francis Dolarhyde
Hannibal Tetralogy character
Francisdolarhydereddragon.jpg
Ralph Fiennes as Francis Dolarhyde in Red Dragon.

Created by
Thomas Harris
Portrayed by
Tom Noonan
 (Manhunter)
Ralph Fiennes
 (Red Dragon)
Voiced by
Frank Langella
 (Red Dragon, deleted scenes)
Information

Nickname(s)
The Tooth Fairy
 Mr D.
 "D."
 The Dragon
Aliases
The Great Red Dragon
Gender
Male
Francis Dolarhyde is a fictional character and the primary antagonist of Thomas Harris's 1981 novel Red Dragon.[1][2]


Contents  [hide]
1 Character overview
2 Character history
3 Film adaptations
4 TV adaptations
5 References in other media
6 References

Character overview[edit]
Dolarhyde is a serial killer who murders entire families. He is nicknamed "The Tooth Fairy" due to his tendency to bite his victims' bodies, the uncommon size and sharpness of his teeth and other apparent oral fixations. He refers to his other self as "The Great Red Dragon" after William Blake's painting "The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed with the Sun".[3]
Character history[edit]
Dolarhyde's backstory is supplied in the novel and alluded to in the film adaptations. Born in Springfield, Missouri on June 14, 1938 with a cleft lip and palate, he is abandoned by his mother and cared for in an orphanage until the age of five. He is then taken in by his grandmother, who subjects him to severe emotional and physical abuse. He begins torturing animals at a young age to vent his anger over the abuse. After his grandmother becomes afflicted with dementia, Dolarhyde is turned over to the care of his estranged mother and her husband in St. Louis; he is further abused by this family and is sent back to the orphanage after being caught hanging his stepsister's cat. After being caught breaking into a house at age 17, he enlists in the United States Army. While on his tour in Japan and neighboring countries, he learns how to develop film and receives cosmetic surgery for his cleft palate. He later gets a job with the Gateway Corp. as the production chief in their home movies division.
Dolarhyde is a bodybuilder and exceptionally strong; it is mentioned in the novel that even in his early forties, Dolarhyde could have successfully competed in regional bodybuilding competitions.
Dolarhyde begins his killing spree by murdering two families within a month after discovering The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed in Sun, which gives voice to his alternate personality. He commits both crimes on or near a full moon; it is hinted in the book that he had killed before that, however. He chooses his victims through the home movies that he edits as a film processing technician. He believes that by killing people — or "transforming" them, as he calls it — he can fully "become" the Dragon. On a trip to Hong Kong during his army service, he has a large dragon tattooed across his back and had two sets of false teeth made; one of them normal for his day-to-day life, the other distorted and razor sharp for his killings, based on a mold of his grandmother's teeth. The tabloid The National Tattler nicknames him "the Tooth Fairy" for his tendency to bite his victims.
FBI profiler Will Graham is asked to return from early retirement to aid in his capture. Graham had previously captured Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a cannibalistic psychiatrist and serial killer, whom Dolarhyde idolizes. Graham visits Lecter in the Baltimore State Forensic Hospital for the Criminally Insane, hoping that the doctor would be able to help identify the killer or at least assist in creating a psychological profile. Following this meeting and a perceived rudeness from Graham to Lecter, Lecter "helps" by sending Dolarhyde Graham's address in code with the note, "Kill them all." Dolarhyde is foiled when FBI Director Jack Crawford intercepts the message in time to warn Graham's family and the local sheriff.
Dolarhyde reads The National Tattler, a tabloid, and collects clippings about Lecter's arrest and trial, about Graham, and about his own murders. In an attempt to provoke Dolarhyde out of hiding, Graham gives an interview to Freddy Lounds of The Tattler, in which he refers to the "Tooth-Fairy" as impotent, homosexual, and possibly the product of incest; he also implies that Lecter is offended that the killer considers himself Lecter's equal. The interview enrages Dolarhyde, who kidnaps Lounds, intimidates him into recanting his article on tape, and then bites his lips off. Dolarhyde returns to Chicago, sets Lounds on fire, and rolls him down an incline into The Tattler's parking garage.
Dolarhyde develops a relationship with a blind female coworker named Reba McClane. The relationship quells his murderous impulses at first, but her presence only infuriates the other part of Dolarhyde's psyche. Desperate now to retain control of himself, Dolarhyde flies to New York, where he devours the original Blake watercolor, believing that doing so would destroy the Dragon. This plan fails, though, as his ingestion of the painting only makes the Dragon angrier. Dolarhyde plans to kill her and himself by setting his house on fire with her in it. He relents at the last minute, however, and apparently shoots himself in the face with a shotgun.
It turns out, however, that he shot the corpse of a gas station attendant named Arnold Lang who had previously offended him. Being blind, McClane was fooled when she felt the shattered head of the corpse. Dolarhyde comes to Graham's home in Florida, where he stabs Graham in the face, disfiguring him. Graham's wife Molly shoots and kills Dolarhyde with a gun that Graham had given her.
Film adaptations[edit]



 Tom Noonan as Francis Dolarhyde in Manhunter.
Dolarhyde has been twice portrayed in film adaptations of Harris' novel: By Tom Noonan (in which he was called 'Dollarhyde') in 1986's Manhunter, and by Ralph Fiennes in 2002's Red Dragon.[4] In deleted scenes in Red Dragon, Dolarhyde's Great Red Dragon personality is voiced by Frank Langella.
In Manhunter, Dolarhyde was filmed two different ways; shirtless with an elaborate tattoo covering his upper torso and back (as opposed to Dolarhyde's tattoos in the book, which only covered his back), and with a shirt on thus covering his tattoo. The former was not used in the finished film, partly because the tattoos were considered too distracting and similar to the ones that the Yakuza wore. The look, however, appeared on promotional photos for the film.
In the first movie, Graham kills Dolarhyde, while in the second, both he and his wife have a hand in Dolarhyde's death, with Graham firing the majority of the shots in a crossfire with Dolarhyde, and his wife finishing him off as Dolarhyde rises back up, even with the bullet wounds.
Francis Dolarhyde was voted the #18th Scariest Characters in Cinema with respect to both Tom Noonan's and Ralph Fiennes' respective portrayals.[5]
TV adaptations[edit]
Francis Dolarhyde is projected to appear as a major antagonist in Hannibal, the 2013 TV adaptation of the book series. The first season begins when Will Graham first encounters Lecter, who aides him on several cases, and thus takes place before the events of the novel Red Dragon. As creator Bryan Fuller explained during the run of season 1, his general outline for the series is that the first three seasons will cover the relationship between Graham and Lecter, culminating in Graham capturing Lecter. Season 4 will then adapt the events of Red Dragon, and feature Francis Dolarhyde, though he hasn't been cast as of the end of season 1 given that the show has not been confirmed to last at least four seasons. However, given how important Dolarhyde is going to be in later seasons, Fuller included an off-screen cameo of Dolarhyde in the opening scene of the first episode, when Graham is reconstructing the crime scene in a house. Graham concludes that the killer intentionally shot his victims through the throat in such a way that they would die slowly, so they could see what he was doing. Fuller confirmed in interviews that this is an early kill of Dolarhyde's, before he perfected his full pattern of home invasion and decorating corpses with pieces of mirrors.[6]
References in other media[edit]
In the South Park season eight episode, "Cartman's Incredible Gift", Eric Cartman fakes psychic powers and pretends to identify a serial killer who has cut off and collected the left hands of his victims. The real killer, present at each crime scene and furious that he is being ignored, kidnaps Cartman to subjects him to slideshow of his transformation (albeit one of boring vacation slides). When the police arrive at the killer's house to question him, the killer answers the door in his underwear and identifies himself as "God".
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.imdb.com/character/ch0001400/?ref_=tt_cl_t3
2.Jump up ^ http://www.serialkillercalendar.com/bio-of-FRANCIS-DOLARHYDE.html
3.Jump up ^ The Great Red Dragon Paintings
4.Jump up ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0289765/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1
5.Jump up ^ http://cinevistaramascope.blogspot.in/2011/10/scariest-characters-in-cinema-18.html
6.Jump up ^ Bernstein, Abbie (June 13, 2013). "Exclusive Interview: HANNIBAL news on Season 1, Season 2 and beyond from showrunner Bryan Fuller". Assignment X. Retrieved June 21, 2013.


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Novels
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Films
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Buffalo Bill (character)
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Jame "Buffalo Bill" Gumb
Hannibal Tetralogy character
Silencelamp7.jpg
Ted Levine as Buffalo Bill in The Silence of the Lambs.

Created by
Thomas Harris
Portrayed by
Ted Levine
Information

Aliases
John Grant
 Jack Gordon
Gender
Male
This article is about the character in The Silence of the Lambs. For other uses, see Buffalo Bill (disambiguation).
Jame Gumb (known by the nickname Buffalo Bill) is a fictional character and the primary antagonist of Thomas Harris's 1988 novel The Silence of the Lambs and its 1991 film adaptation, in which he was played by Ted Levine. In the film and the novel, he is a serial killer who murders overweight women and skins them so he can make a "woman suit" for himself.


Contents  [hide]
1 Overview 1.1 Background
1.2 Modus operandi
1.3 Role in the plot
2 Influences
3 Analysis
4 Notes and controversy
5 References

Overview[edit]
Background[edit]
The documentary reveals that Gumb was born in California on October 25, 1949, and abandoned by his mother — an alcoholic prostitute who misspelled "James" on his birth certificate — and was taken into foster care at age two. He was severely abused by his foster parents. He lived in foster homes until the age of 10, after which he was adopted by his grandparents, who became his first victims when he impulsively murdered them at the age of 12. He was sent to Tulare Vocational Rehabilitation, a psychiatric hospital where he was taught how to be a tailor.
He was working in a Baltimore curio store when he met and began a relationship with Benjamin Raspail. After Raspail left him, he killed Raspail's new lover, Klaus, and flayed him.[1]
The novel and film establish that Gumb wants to become a woman, but is too disturbed to qualify for gender reassignment surgery. He kills women so he can skin them and create a "woman suit" for himself. Both the film and novel explain that Gumb is not really transgender, but merely believes himself to be because he "hates his own identity".
Modus operandi[edit]
Gumb's modus operandi is to approach an overweight woman, pretending to be injured and asking for help, then knocking her out in a surprise attack and kidnapping her. He takes her to his house and leaves her in a well in his basement, where he starves her until her skin is loose enough to easily remove. In the first three cases, he leads the victims upstairs, slips nooses around their necks and pushes them from the stairs, strangling them. He then skins parts of their body (a different section on each victim), and then dumps each body into a different river, destroying any trace evidence. This MO caused the homicide squad to nickname him Buffalo Bill (Buffalo Bill's Wild West show typically claimed that Buffalo Bill Cody had scalped a Cheyenne warrior). In the case of Gumb's first victim, Fredrica Bimmel, he weighed down her body, so she ends up being the third victim found. In the case of the fourth victim, he shoots her instead of strangling her, then inserts a Death's-head Hawkmoth in her throat, and dumps the body.
Role in the plot[edit]
At the start of the novel, Gumb has already murdered five women. FBI Director Jack Crawford assigns gifted trainee Clarice Starling to question incarcerated serial killer Hannibal Lecter about the case. (Lecter had met Gumb while treating Raspail.) When Gumb kidnaps Catherine Martin, the daughter of U.S. Senator Ruth Martin, Lecter offers to give Starling a psychological profile of the killer in return for a transfer to a federal institution; this profile is mostly made up of cryptic clues designed to help Starling figure it out for herself.
Starling eventually deduces from Lecter's riddles that Gumb knew his first victim, Bimmel, and goes to Bimmel's hometown of Belvedere, Ohio to gather information. By this time, Crawford has already found out the killer's true identity and gone with a SWAT team to his house to arrest him, but they find that it is only a business address. Meanwhile, Starling goes to the home of Bimmel's employer, Mrs. Lippman, only to find Gumb — calling himself "Jack Gordon" — living there. (Gumb had murdered Mrs. Lippman earlier.) When Starling sees a Death's head moth flutter by, she realizes she has found her man and orders him to surrender. Gumb flees into the basement and stalks her with a revolver and night vision goggles. Just as he is about to shoot Starling, she hears him behind her, turns around and opens fire, killing him. Starling then rescues Catherine, whom Gumb had been about to kill when Starling rang his doorbell.
Influences[edit]
Harris based various elements of Gumb's MO on six real-life serial killers:[2][3]
Jerry Brudos, who dressed up in his victims' clothing and kept their shoes.
Ed Gein, who fashioned trophies and keepsakes from the bones and skin of corpses he dug up at cemeteries. He also made a female skin suit and skin masks.
Ted Bundy, who pretended to be injured (using an arm-brace or crutches) as a ploy to ask his victims for help. When they helped him, he incapacitated and killed them, dumping their bodies far away.
Gary M. Heidnik, who kidnapped six women and held them prisoner as sex slaves.
Edmund Kemper, who, like Gumb, killed his grandparents as a teenager "just to see what it felt like."
Gary Ridgway, the Green River Killer, who, like Gumb, dumped women's bodies in rivers and inserted foreign objects into their corpses.
Analysis[edit]
Marjorie Garber, author of Vested Interests: Cross-Dressing and Cultural Anxiety, asserts that despite the book and the film indicating that Buffalo Bill merely believes himself to be transsexual, they still imply negative connotations about transsexualism. Garber says, "Harris's book manifests its cultural anxiety through a kind of baroque bravado of plot," and calls the book "a fable of gender dysphoria gone spectacularly awry".[4]
Barbara Creed, writing in Screening the Male: Exploring Masculinities in the Hollywood Cinema, says that Buffalo Bill wants to become a woman "presumably because he sees femininity as a more desirable state, possibly a superior one". For Buffalo Bill, the woman is "[a] totem animal". Not only does he want to wear women's skin, he wants to become a woman; he dresses in women's clothes and tucks his penis behind his legs to appear female. Creed writes, "To experience a rebirth as woman, Buffalo Bill must wear the skin of woman not just to experience a physical transformation but also to acquire the power of transformation associated with woman's ability to give birth." Buffalo Bill wears the skin of his totem animal to assume its power.[5]
Judith Halberstam, author of Skin Shows: Gothic Horror and the Technology of Monsters, writes, "The cause for Buffalo Bill's extreme violence against women lies not in his gender confusion or his sexual orientation but in his humanist presumption that his sex and his gender and his orientation must all match-up to a mythic norm of white heterosexual masculinity." Halberstam says Buffalo Bill symbolizes a lack of ease with one's skin. She writes that the character is also a combination of Victor Frankenstein and his monster in how he is the creator gathering body parts and experimenting with his own body. Halberstam writes, "He does not understand gender as inherent, innate; he reads it only as a surface effect, a representation, an external attribute engineered into identity." Buffalo Bill challenges "the interiority of gender" by taking skin and remaking it into a costume.[6]
Notes and controversy[edit]
The film's screenplay omits Gumb's backstory, but does imply that he had a traumatic childhood. In the movie, Lecter summarizes Gumb's life thus: "Billy was not born a criminal, but made one by years of systematic abuse."
The film adaptation of Silence of the Lambs was criticized by some gay rights groups for its portrayal of the psychopathic Gumb as bisexual and transgender.[7] A Johns Hopkins sex-reassignment surgeon, present in the book but not the film (his scene was deleted and is found in bonus materials on the DVD), protests exactly the same thing; FBI Director Jack Crawford pacifies him by repeating that Gumb is not in fact transsexual, but merely believes himself to be. In the film, a similar scene is shown with Starling and Lecter in the same roles as the surgeon and Crawford, respectively. In the director's commentary for the 1991 film, director Jonathan Demme draws attention to various Polaroids taken of Buffalo Bill in the company of strippers; these are visible in Gumb's basement in the film.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Harris, Thomas (1991). The Silence Of The Lambs. St. Martin's Paperbacks. ISBN 0-312-92458-5.
2.Jump up ^ Bruno, Anthony. "Buffalo Bill" page 2 - "All About Hannibal Lecter - Facts and Fiction" @ Crime Library.com
3.Jump up ^ Bowman, David."Profiler" Interview with John E. Douglas @ Salon.com July 8, 1999.
4.Jump up ^ Garber, Marjorie (1997). Vested Interests: Cross-dressing and Cultural Anxiety. Routledge. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-415-91951-7.
5.Jump up ^ Creed, Barbara (1993). "Dark Desires: Male masochism in the horror film". In Cohan, Steven; Hark, Ina Rae. Screening the Male: Exploring Masculinities in the Hollywood Cinema. Routledge. pp. 126–127. ISBN 978-0-415-07759-0.
6.Jump up ^ Halberstam, Judith (1995). "Skinflick: Posthuman Gender in Jonathan Demme's The Silence of the Lambs". Skin Shows: Gothic Horror and the Technology of Monsters. Duke University Press Books. ISBN 978-0-8223-1663-3.
7.Jump up ^ http://www.commonsensemedia.org/movie-reviews/Silence-Lambs.html


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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: Hannibal Lecter
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Frederick Chilton
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Question book-new.svg
 This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2008)



 Chilton (left, played by Anthony Heald) taunts Lecter (Anthony Hopkins) in The Silence of the Lambs.
Dr. Frederick Chilton is a fictional character appearing in Thomas Harris' novels Red Dragon and The Silence of the Lambs.

Contents  [hide]
1 In the novels 1.1 Red Dragon
1.2 The Silence of the Lambs
1.3 Hannibal
2 In other media

In the novels[edit]
Red Dragon[edit]
Chilton is first introduced in Red Dragon as the pompous, incompetent director of a sanitarium near Baltimore, Maryland, acting as the jailer for the cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter. When FBI profiler Will Graham goes to Lecter for advice on capturing another serial killer, Francis Dolarhyde, Chilton makes an unwelcome attempt to question Graham about Lecter's psyche. When Dolarhyde learns of Graham's visits with Lecter, the two killers attempt to correspond through the classifieds of a tabloid; a cleaning crew finds one of Dolarhyde's letters, hidden within Lecter's toilet paper spool. Chilton informs Graham and his partner, Jack Crawford, of the discovery. Lecter's reply is intercepted and revealed to contain Graham's home address, which Dolarhyde uses to track down Graham in the novel's climax.
The Silence of the Lambs[edit]
In The Silence of the Lambs, Chilton allows an FBI trainee, Clarice Starling, to interview Lecter about another serial killer, "Buffalo Bill"; he makes a clumsy pass at Starling at their first meeting, but is quickly rejected. Chilton gradually grows jealous of Lecter's willingness to share information with Starling rather than him, eventually using a recording device to eavesdrop on their interviews. From this, he learns of Crawford's offer to transfer Lecter to a better prison facility in exchange for Buffalo Bill's identity. Chilton learns that the offer is false but sets it up anyway, quickly hogging the spotlight as the plan's architect. Lecter is transferred, but gives false information; he claims that the killer's name is "Billy Rubin," a pun on bilirubin. Lecter gives Starling the real information needed to track down Buffalo Bill. Afterwards, Lecter makes a bloody escape from custody after using an improvised handcuff key made from a pen tube and paper clip that he'd been concealing for several years and was only able to use once transferred to police custody. He later sends a letter to Chilton while on the run, promising gruesome vengeance.
Hannibal[edit]
Chilton does not appear in Hannibal; the hospital has been shut down by the time the novel's events take place. Hannibal mentions that Chilton disappeared while on vacation in Jamaica seven years earlier. It is strongly suggested that he was killed by Lecter.
In other media[edit]
In Manhunter, the first film adaptation of Red Dragon, Chilton is played by Benjamin Hendrickson. In both The Silence of the Lambs and Red Dragon, he is played by Anthony Heald.
The films portray Chilton in the same manner as the novels, though some scenes with the character are altered in their adaptations. In Silence of the Lambs, for example, instead of the bilirubin pun and its specific disparaging of Chilton, Lecter supplies the name "Louis Friend" (an anagram of "iron sulfide", i.e. fool's gold) and Lecter's handcuff key is improvised from a pen stolen from Chilton shortly before Lecter's escape. While the novel leaves Chilton's demise at the hands of Lecter an open question, the ending of the film shows Lecter sitting in a small cafe, contacting Starling to tell her that "I'm having an old friend for dinner." He then proceeds to follow Chilton through a small Caribbean village as the credits roll.
In the television adaptation Hannibal, he is portrayed by Raúl Esparza. He first appears in the episode "Entrée", where his patient Doctor Abel Gideon kills another patient after Chilton subtly convinces Gideon that he is the Chesapeake Ripper during a session. Chilton is later captured and tortured by Gideon when he escapes as part of Gideon's attempt to punish Chilton for making him question his identity- as well as intending to leave his organs as a 'gift basket' for the real Ripper- but Gideon was forced to flee after only removing some of Chilton's less vital organs, leaving Chilton alive but last reported in critical condition. He reappears in the second season, having one less kidney.


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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


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Characters in American novels of the 20th century
Fictional characters introduced in 1981
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Jack Crawford (character)
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For other uses, see Jack Crawford (disambiguation).



Scott Glenn as Crawford in The Silence of the Lambs
Jack Crawford is a fictional character who appears in the Hannibal Lecter series of books by Thomas Harris, in which Crawford is the Agent-in-Charge of the Behavioral Science Unit of the FBI in Quantico, Virginia. He is modeled after John E. Douglas, who held the same position.

Contents  [hide]
1 Red Dragon
2 The Silence of the Lambs
3 Hannibal
4 Film and television adaptations

Red Dragon[edit]
The character Jack Crawford first appears in the book Red Dragon, where he calls upon Will Graham, his former protégé, for assistance in solving the murders being committed by a serial killer dubbed "The Tooth Fairy." Graham, as a profiler, had a reputation for being able to think like the criminals he hunts, thus assisting the FBI in a criminal's ultimate apprehension. Graham had retired after being attacked and nearly killed by Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a Baltimore psychiatrist he had been consulting with about a series of cannibalistic murders, after Graham intuited that Lecter was the killer he sought. Crawford convinces Graham to come out of retirement to help solve the "Tooth Fairy" murders, and soon they both realize that they would need Lecter's help again. Crawford helps shelter Graham and his family after Lecter sends the killer, Francis Dolarhyde, his old nemesis' address. They eventually solve the case, but Dolarhyde disfigures Graham before he is finally killed by Graham and his wife. Crawford is haunted with guilt and resents Lecter for the rest of his life.
The Silence of the Lambs[edit]
Jack Crawford appears again in the novel The Silence of the Lambs, again investigating a serial killer. This time, the serial killer is called "Buffalo Bill", and his killing signature involves killing and skinning women.
When Crawford gets stumped in trying to determine who Buffalo Bill is, he is forced to once again call upon Lecter for assistance. This time, however, Crawford sends a female trainee, Clarice Starling, to interview him. By way of information obtained from Lecter, Crawford and the FBI attempt to track down the killer, Jame Gumb. However, the address they obtain for him is out of date. Gumb had killed the employer of one of his former victims and moved into her house to use its large basement, which contains a disused and empty well. He uses the well as a makeshift holding space for his victims. Realizing that Buffalo Bill probably knew his first victim, Fredrica Bimmel, Starling sets about interviewing everyone close to her and ends up stumbling upon Gumb's house. By the time Crawford and his men arrive, Starling has singlehandedly killed Gumb and rescued the victim.
Throughout the novel, Crawford is struggling under a double burden, as he is caring for his terminally ill wife, Bella, at home while leading the investigation into the 'Buffalo Bill' case. Bella dies near the end of the novel.
Hannibal[edit]
Crawford appears as a relatively minor character in the book Hannibal. He is portrayed as very sympathetic toward Starling, yet increasingly distant due to failing health and his powerlessness against the corrupt bureaucrats set to destroy her career.
Film and television adaptations[edit]
The Crawford character appears in the film adaptations of Red Dragon and The Silence of the Lambs; he does not appear in the adaptation of Hannibal, although a deleted scene explains that he has died. He has been portrayed by four different actors:
Dennis Farina in Manhunter, the 1986 film adaptation of Red Dragon
Scott Glenn in The Silence of the Lambs
Harvey Keitel in the 2002 adaptation of Red Dragon, which uses the novel's original title.
Laurence Fishburne in the television adaptation, Hannibal.
In the supplemental section on the special edition DVD of The Silence of the Lambs, Scott Glenn revealed that he was given audio tapes by John Douglas as a form of research for his character. The tapes were of several young women being tortured and raped in the back of a van by a pair of assailants. Upon questioning Douglas as to his motives for presenting these tapes, Douglas simply said to Glenn, "Now you are part of my world." This experience preyed upon Glenn's mind all throughout filming, and he refused to return to the role in the subsequent sequel because he didn't want to place himself in such a mindset again. To this day, he says that the tapes still cause him anxiety and bad dreams.


[hide]
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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: Hannibal Lecter
Fictional FBI agents
Horror film characters
Characters in American novels of the 20th century
Fictional characters introduced in 1981
Fictional characters based on real people
Drama television characters


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Freddy Lounds
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Freddy Lounds
Hannibal Tetralogy character
Freddy Lounds.jpg
Three on-screen versions of Freddy Lounds (clockwise from top left): Stephen Lang, Philip Seymour Hoffman and Lara Jean Chorostecki.

Created by
Thomas Harris
Portrayed by
Stephen Lang
 (Manhunter)
Philip Seymour Hoffman
 (Red Dragon)
Lara Jean Chorostecki
 (Hannibal)
Information

Gender
Male (novel, films), Female (TV series)
Occupation
Tabloid journalist
Nationality
American
Freddy Lounds (or Freddie Lounds) is a fictional character in the Hannibal Lecter series, created by author Thomas Harris. Lounds first appears in the 1981 novel Red Dragon. Lounds appeared in the 1986 film Manhunter, which was based on the novel, and was played in that adaptation by Stephen Lang. The character did not appear in the 1991 sequel, The Silence of the Lambs, but was again portrayed in the 2002 film Red Dragon, this time by Philip Seymour Hoffman. In the 2013 television series Hannibal, Lounds was recast as a woman, Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds, played by Lara Jean Chorostecki.


Contents  [hide]
1 Character overview
2 Appearances 2.1 Red Dragon
2.2 The Hannibal TV series
3 References
4 External links

Character overview[edit]
Harris describes Lounds as "lumpy and ugly and small", with "buck teeth", and whose "rat eyes had the sheen of spit on asphalt".[1] Harris describes Lounds as having "the longing need to be noticed that is often miscalled ego",[1] sharpened by frustrated ambition:

He had worked in straight journalism for ten years when he realized that no one would ever send him to the White House. He saw that his publishers would wear his legs out, use him until it was time for him to become a broken-down old drunk manning a dead-end desk, drifting inevitably toward cirrhosis or a mattress fire.
 They wanted the information he could get, but they didn't want Freddy. They paid him top scale, which is not very much money if you have to buy women. They patted his back and told him he had a lot of balls and they refused to put his name on a parking place.[1]
Resentful of this treatment, Lounds goes into tabloid journalism, receiving much higher pay and better treatment for writing popular but factually questionable news stories.[1] Lounds has been characterized by reviewers as a film noir throwback:

Noir tropes appear again concerning the character of Freddy Lounds, a sleazy journalist that's too good for the trashy job he's doing, Lounds is burned by ambition and by desire for vindication in front of those colleagues that look down upon his tabloid-related work. Everything in the character of Lounds, from his disregard for truth masquerading as desire to serve the public, down to his stripper girl-friend, comes straight from the rain-soaked and neon-lighted alleys of a generic 1950s noir downtown, and Freddy Lounds is certainly the most traditional noir character in the novel.[2]
Lounds is also said to represent "the vulgarian who does not believe in anything except his own career; he does not understand the idealistic insanity of Dolarhyde or Lecter or the idealistic sanity of Graham".[3] The death of Lounds is reflected as a consequence of his having only "a modicum of understanding" of people with desires unlike his own.[3] As a tabloid photographer, it is also through Lounds that Harris "introduces a theme important to the three novels, the use of film and various optical apparatus to spy upon victims, because the antagonists of the novels need distance".[3] Through photojournalism, Lounds publicly highlights Graham's role in the investigation, thereby making Graham himself a target of the killer,[4][5] and also conveying to Graham's wife and stepson the dangerous world in which he has involved himself.[5]
Appearances[edit]
Red Dragon[edit]
In the novel Red Dragon, Lounds attempts to elicit information from Will Graham as Graham investigates serial killer Francis Dolarhyde, whom Lounds has sensationally publicized as "The Tooth Fairy". Graham despises Lounds, who had sneaked into Graham's hospital room after Graham was attacked by Lecter and taken pictures of his wounds, publishing them the next day in the Tattler. Lounds becomes aware of secret correspondence between the killer and the now-imprisoned Lecter, and sneaks onto a crime scene to get information. He is caught, however, and threatened with imprisonment unless he cooperates with the investigation. Hoping to lure Dolarhyde into a trap, Graham gives Lounds an interview in which he blatantly misrepresents the killer as an impotent homosexual. This infuriates Dolarhyde, who kidnaps Lounds, glues him to an antique wheelchair, shows him slides of his victims, and forces him to recant the published allegations into a tape recorder. Dolarhyde then shows his face to Lounds, bites his lips off and sets him on fire, leaving his maimed body outside his newspaper's offices. Lounds eventually dies in the hospital, but not before providing information to aid in the hunt for Dolarhyde. Lecter sends Graham a note congratulating him on Lounds' death, which "implies that the Tooth Fairy's murder of reporter Freddy Lounds is at least a sort of wish-fulfillment for Graham".[6]
Lounds' mutilation at Dolorhyde's hands is not shown in the film Manhunter, but is "depicted with both more restraint and more ambiguity".[7] In the film, Dolarhyde puts something in his mouth that can not clearly be seen and taunts Lounds, before "[c]utting to an exterior night shot of the killer's house... lets Lounds's distant, muffled screams tell the real story".[7]
The Hannibal TV series[edit]
In the 2013 television series Hannibal, Lounds is recast as "a shifty redheaded female",[8] Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds, and is played by Lara Jean Chorostecki. The series precedes the events of Red Dragon, and the character is shown as a tabloid blogger who runs the true-crime website TattleCrime, and who reports on some of the murders investigated by Will Graham. As with the character's appearance in Red Dragon, the character sometimes complicates these investigations, and is sometimes used to spread information in order to influence the behavior of the killers Graham is investigating.
In the series, Lounds is introduced in episode 2, "Amuse-Bouche".[8] In that episode, Lounds snoops around a crime scene, and around Lecter's office, to write a story about Graham. To the chagrin of the FBI, the killer is able to use these reports to stay a step ahead of the investigation. She is caught engaging in unethical journalism on several occasions, once by Lecter, when she attempts to secretly tape record a conversation between them.[8] In the next episode, "Potage", Lounds meets the brother of Cassie Boyle, who was impaled on deer antlers, and reveals to him that the suspected killer's daughter, Abigail Hobbs, is out of the hospital. She distrusts Graham, and writes an article implying that he is able to empathize with psychopaths because he is one himself.
In episode 6, "Entrée", Jack Crawford and Alana Bloom make a deal with Lounds to write a story about Dr. Abel Gideon, a patient at the Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane who has murdered a nurse. The murder was committed in a manner reminiscent of the "Chesapeake Ripper", who hasn't been active in two years, the same number of years Gideon has been incarcerated. Hoping to provoke the real Ripper into making himself visible, Bloom and Crawford have Lounds write that Gideon is believed to be the "Chesapeake Ripper".[9]
In episode 9, "Trou Normand", Lounds attempts to convince Abigail Hobbs to let her write a book about Abigail and her father, both for monetary gain and to clear Abigail of involvement in her father's crimes.[10] This is met with grave concern from Graham and Lecter, both of whom have helped Abigail cover up her "accidental murder" of Boyle's brother. In that episode, Lounds also joins Graham and Abigail for a dinner served by Lecter, but whereas the other guests dine on meat, Lounds informs them that she is a vegetarian.[11]
Lounds' involvement in publishing the Gideon story comes around in episode 11, "Rôti", when Gideon escapes from custody and begins murdering the psychiatrists who attempted to treat him. Gideon lures Lounds into a trap by pretending to be one of those psychiatrists who wishes to be interviewed by her. Gideon instead shows Lounds the psychiatrist's dead body, and forces her to write an article about him. He also makes her assist as he surgically removes organs from still-conscious hospital psychiatrist Dr. Frederick Chilton,[12] with the intention of leaving a "gift basket" for the Ripper. When the FBI arrives at the scene, Gideon has fled, and Lounds must keep Chilton alive with a respirator.
Chorostecki has noted in interviews that the Freddie Lounds of the TV series differs from earlier portrayals in a number of ways. She observes that the change from a male character to a female character provides a great deal of room for interpretation,[13][14] and finds her character to be an equally sleazy journalist, "but in a more sophisticated way".[13] Contrary to the slovenliness of previous portrayals, Chorostecki notes that this versions of Lounds is "fresh and central and so high fashion, she always looks her best".[14] Chorostecki has also spoken about the inspiration for the reinvented character, explaining how Hannibal producer Bryan Fuller suggested that Chorostecki study the case of Rebekah Brooks, an editor of News of the World charged with in a widely reported telephone hacking conspiracy.[14][13]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d Thomas Harris, Red Dragon (1981), p. 147-148.
2.Jump up ^ Davide Mana, "This Is the Blind Leading the Blind", in Benjamin Szumskyj, ed., Dissecting Hannibal Lecter: Essays on the Novels of Thomas Harris (2008), p. 95, isbn=0786432756.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c Robert H. Waugh, "The Butterfly and the Beast: The Imprisoned Soul in Thomas Harris's Lecter Trilogy", in Benjamin Szumskyj, ed., Dissecting Hannibal Lecter: Essays on the Novels of Thomas Harris (2008), p. 71, isbn=0786432756.
4.Jump up ^ Philip L. Simpson, Psycho Paths: Tracking the Serial Killer Through Contemporary American Film and Fiction (2000), p. 102, isbn=080932329X.
5.^ Jump up to: a b Mark E. Wildermuth, Blood in the Moonlight: Michael Mann and Information Age Cinema (2005), p. 99-100.
6.Jump up ^ Philip L. Simpson, Psycho Paths: Tracking the Serial Killer Through Contemporary American Film and Fiction (2000), p. 89, isbn=080932329X.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Daniel O'Brien, The Hannibal Files: The Unauthorized Guide to the Hannibal Lector Trilogy (2001), p. 51, isbn=1903111196.
8.^ Jump up to: a b c Ricky da Conceição, "Hannibal, Ep.1.02: “Amuse-bouche,” one of the most effective thrillers on TV", Sound on Sight (April 12, 2013).
9.Jump up ^ Ricky da Conceição, "Hannibal, Ep.1.06: “Entrée” raises goose bumps and a few questions about the future of the series", Sound on Sight (May 3, 2013).
10.Jump up ^ Ricky da Conceição, "Hannibal, Ep.1.09: “Trou Normand,” a nearly flawless cohesion of visual poetry", Sound on Sight (May 24, 2013).
11.Jump up ^ Jennifer Wolfe, "Hannibal Lecter's meals: an all-consuming project", CNN (May 31, 2013).
12.Jump up ^ Ricky da Conceição, "Hannibal Ep 1.11 “Rôti” and breaking down Will Graham’s dreams", Sound on Sight (June 7, 2013).
13.^ Jump up to: a b c "'In the Belly of the Beast': Actress Lara Jean Chorostecki Talks About Her New Role in NBC's Hannibal". Toronto Verve. April 3, 2013.
14.^ Jump up to: a b c Storrow, Holly (March 23, 2013). "An interview with ‘Hannibal’ star Lara Jean Chorostecki". The Daily Quirk.
External links[edit]
IMDB page on the character, Freddie Lounds


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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


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Fictional characters introduced in 1981
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Red Dragon (novel)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the novel. For the film, see Red Dragon (film).

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 This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2007)

Red Dragon
Drag01big.jpg
First US hardback edition cover

Author
Thomas Harris
Country
United States
Language
English
Series
Hannibal Lecter
Genre
Crime, Horror, Thriller
Publisher
G. P. Putnams, Dell Publishing (USA)

Publication date
 October 1981
Media type
Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Pages
480 pp (first edition, hardback)
ISBN
ISBN 0-399-12442-X (first edition, hardback)
OCLC
7572747
Dewey Decimal
813/.54 19
LC Class
PS3558.A6558 R4 1981
Followed by
The Silence of the Lambs
Red Dragon is a novel by Thomas Harris, first published in 1981. It was the first novel to feature Harris' character Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. The novel was adapted as a film, Manhunter, in 1986 which featured Brian Cox as Lecter. Directed by Michael Mann, the film was critically well received but fared poorly at the box office. It has since developed a cult following.
After Harris wrote a sequel to the novel, The Silence of the Lambs, in 1988 (itself turned into a highly successful film in 1991), Red Dragon found a new audience. A second sequel, Hannibal, was published in 1999 and adapted into a film in 2001. Both film sequels featured Anthony Hopkins in the role of Hannibal Lecter, for which he won an Oscar for Best Actor in 1991. Due to the success of the second and third films, Red Dragon was remade as a film directed by Brett Ratner in 2002, this time bearing the title of the original novel and with Hopkins playing Lecter.
The title refers to the figure from The Great Red Dragon Paintings by William Blake. Though Harris refers to one of these, The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed with the Sun, he actually describes another, The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed in Sun.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Characters
3 Editions
4 Adaptations
5 External links

Plot[edit]
In 1980, a serial killer nicknamed the "Tooth Fairy" stalks and murders seemingly random families during sequential full moons. He first kills the Jacobi family in Birmingham, Alabama, then the Leeds family in Atlanta, Georgia. Two days after the Leeds murders, FBI agent Jack Crawford seeks out his protégé, Will Graham, a brilliant profiler who captured the serial killer Hannibal Lecter three years earlier, but retired after Lecter almost killed him. Crawford goes to Graham's Sugarloaf Key residence and pleads for his assistance; Graham reluctantly agrees. Beverly Katz, Jimmy Price, Brian Zeller, and Dr. Alan Bloom also consult on the Red Dragon case for forensic and behavioral cues. After looking over the crime scenes with only minimal insight, he realizes that he must visit Lecter and seek his help in capturing the Red Dragon.
The Tooth Fairy is revealed to be the production chief of a St. Louis film processing firm named Francis Dolarhyde. He is a disturbed individual who is obsessed with the William Blake painting "The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed in Sun". Dolarhyde is unable to control his violent, sexual urges, and believes that murdering people—or "changing" them, as he calls it—allows him to more fully "become" an alternate personality he calls the "Great Red Dragon," after the dominant character in Blake's painting. Flashbacks reveal that his pathology is born from the systematic abuse he suffered as a child at the hands of both his sadistic grandmother and his stepfamily.
As Graham investigates the case, he is hounded by Freddy Lounds, a sleazy tabloid reporter. Meanwhile, Lecter's de facto jailer, Frederick Chilton, discovers a secret correspondence between Lecter and Dolarhyde, in which Lecter provides the killer with Graham's home address. Graham's wife and stepson are evacuated to a remote farm belonging to Crawford's brother. Graham tries to intercept the secret communication without Lecter's knowledge, but instead attracts the attention of Freddy Lounds.
Lounds becomes aware of the correspondence and tries to trick Graham into revealing details of the investigation by posing as the Red Dragon, but is found out. Hoping to lure the Red Dragon into a trap, Graham gives Lounds an interview in which he blatantly, deliberately, mischaracterizes the killer as an impotent homosexual. This infuriates Dolarhyde, who kidnaps Lounds, forces him to recant the allegations, bites off his lips and sets him on fire, leaving his maimed body outside his newspaper's offices; Lounds eventually dies.
At about the same time, Dolarhyde falls in love with a blind co-worker named Reba McClane, which conflicts with his homicidal urges. In beginning a relationship with Reba, Dolarhyde resists the Dragon's "possession" of him; he goes to the Brooklyn Museum, beats a museum secretary unconscious, and eats the original Blake watercolor of The Red Dragon.
Graham eventually realizes that the killer knew the layout of his victims' houses from their home movies, which he could only have seen if he worked for the film processing lab that developed them. Dolarhyde's job gives him access to all home movies that pass through the company. When he sees Graham interviewing his boss, Dolarhyde realizes that they are on to him and goes to see Reba one last time. He finds her talking to a co-worker, Ralph Mandy, whom she dislikes. Believing that Reba is being unfaithful, Dolarhyde kills Mandy. He kidnaps Reba and, having taken her to his house, sets the place on fire. He intends to kill her and then himself, but finds himself unable to shoot her. After Dolarhyde shoots himself, Reba escapes. Graham later comforts her, telling her that there is nothing wrong with her, and that the kindness and affection she showed Dolarhyde probably saved lives.
It turns out Dolarhyde did not shoot himself but left behind the body of a gas station attendant, with whom he had an altercation, to stage his own death. Dolarhyde attacks Graham at his Florida home, stabbing him in the face and permanently disfiguring him. Graham's wife, Molly, then fatally shoots Dolarhyde.
While recovering, Graham receives a letter from Lecter, which bids him well and hopes that he isn't "very ugly". It is implied that Molly's feelings toward Graham have changed, but the state of their relationship is not made clear. Graham has a flashback to a visit he made to Shiloh, the site of a major battle in the U.S. Civil War, shortly after apprehending (and in the process killing) Garrett Hobbs, a serial killer he investigated during which he met Lecter on that case.
Characters[edit]
Will Graham
Francis Dolarhyde
Jack Crawford
Hannibal Lecter
Freddy Lounds
Reba McClane
Ralph Mandy
Molly Graham
Willy Graham
Editions[edit]
The original hardcover and paperback editions mentioned Lecter being held in the "Chesapeake" hospital. After the publication of the sequel, The Silence of the Lambs, one reprint of Red Dragon has the name of the hospital changed to the "Baltimore" hospital in order to maintain continuity with the sequel. In all following editions, the name is changed back to "Chesapeake".[citation needed]
Adaptations[edit]
The first film, released in 1986 under the title Manhunter, was written and directed by Michael Mann and focused on FBI Special Agent Will Graham, played by William Petersen. Lecter (renamed Lecktor) was played by Brian Cox.
In 1996, Chicago's Defiant Theatre produced a full stage version of the novel at the Firehouse theatre, adapted and directed by the company's artistic director, Christopher Johnson. The production included projected "home movies" as were described in the novel, including reenacting the violent murders. Dolarhyde's inner "dragon" was personified by an actor in an elaborate, grotesque costume and seduces the killer to continue on his violent path.
The second film, which used the title Red Dragon, appeared in 2002. Directed by Brett Ratner and written by Ted Tally (who also wrote the screenplay for The Silence of the Lambs), it starred Edward Norton as Graham and Anthony Hopkins as Lecter.
The NBC TV adaptation Hannibal was first aired in 2013. Will Graham is played by Hugh Dancy and Hannibal Lecter is played by Mads Mikkelsen. Though set in the 2010s, the series is a prequel to the events of Red Dragon, re-imagining Graham and Hannibal's early encounters during the former's tenure with the FBI, and the events following Graham's fatal shooting of Garret Jacob Hobbs.
External links[edit]
The Hannibal Lecter Studiolo


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: 1981 novels
Hannibal Lecter
Thriller novels
American novels adapted into films









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The Silence of the Lambs (novel)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the novel. For the film, see The Silence of the Lambs (film).

The Silence of the Lambs
Silence3.png
First edition US cover

Author
Thomas Harris
Country
United States
Language
English
Series
Hannibal Lecter
Genre
Horror, Thriller
Publisher
St. Martin's Press

Publication date
 1988
Media type
Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Pages
352 pp (hardcover)
ISBN
0-312-02282-4
OCLC
18049053
Dewey Decimal
813/.54 19
LC Class
PS3558.A6558 S5 1988
Preceded by
Red Dragon
Followed by
Hannibal
The Silence of the Lambs is a novel by Thomas Harris. First published in 1988, it is the sequel to Harris' 1981 novel Red Dragon. Both novels feature the cannibalistic serial killer Dr. Hannibal Lecter, this time pitted against FBI Special Agent Clarice Starling.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot summary
2 Characters
3 Film adaptation
4 Literary significance
5 Accolades
6 References
7 External links

Plot summary[edit]
Clarice Starling, a young FBI trainee, is asked to carry out an errand by Jack Crawford, the head of the FBI division that draws up psychological profiles of serial killers. Starling is to present a questionnaire to the brilliant forensic psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer, Hannibal Lecter. Lecter is serving nine consecutive life sentences in a Maryland mental institution for a series of murders.
Crawford's real intention, however, is to try to solicit Lecter's assistance in the hunt for a serial killer dubbed "Buffalo Bill", whose modus operandi involves kidnapping overweight women, starving them for about three or four days, and then killing and skinning them, before dumping the bodies in nearby rivers. The nickname was started by Kansas City Homicide, as a joke that "he likes to skin his humps." Throughout the investigation, Starling periodically returns to Lecter in search of information, and the two form a strange relationship in which he offers her cryptic clues in return for information about her troubled and bleak childhood as an orphan.
When Bill's sixth victim is found in West Virginia, Starling helps Crawford perform the autopsy. Starling finds a moth pupa in the throat of the victim, and just as Lecter predicted, she has been scalped. Triangular patches of skin have also been taken from her shoulders. Furthermore, autopsy reports indicate that Bill had killed her within four days of her capture, much faster than his earlier victims. On the basis of Lecter's prediction, Starling believes that he knows who Buffalo Bill really is. She also asks why she was sent to fish for information on Buffalo Bill without being told she was doing so; Crawford explains that if she had had an agenda, Lecter would have sensed it and never spoken up.
Starling takes the pupa to the Smithsonian, where it is eventually identified as the Black Witch Moth, which would not naturally occur where the victim was found.
In Tennessee, Catherine Baker Martin, daughter of Senator Ruth Martin, is kidnapped. Within six hours, her blouse is found on the roadside, slit up the back: Buffalo Bill's calling card. Crawford is advised that no less than the President of the United States has expressed "intense interest" in the case, and that a successful rescue is preferable. Crawford estimates they have three days before Catherine is killed. Starling is sent to Lecter with the offer of a deal: if he assists in Catherine's rescue and Buffalo Bill's capture, he will be transferred out of the asylum, something he has continually longed for. However, Lecter expresses skepticism at the genuineness of the offer.
After Starling leaves, Lecter reminisces on the past, recalling a conversation with Benjamin Raspail, a former patient whom he later murdered. Raspail, during that therapy session, explained the death of a sailor named Klaus at the hands of Raspail's jealous former lover, Jame Gumb, who then used Klaus' skin to make an apron. Raspail also revealed that Gumb had an epiphany upon watching a moth hatch. Lecter's ruminations are interrupted when Dr. Frederick Chilton - the asylum's administrator and Lecter's nemesis - steps in. A listening device allowed him to record Starling's offer, and Chilton has found out that Crawford's deal is a lie. He offers one of his own: If Lecter reveals Buffalo Bill's identity, he will indeed get a transfer to another asylum, but only if Chilton gets credit for getting the information from him. Lecter insists that he'll only give the information to Senator Martin in person, in Tennessee. Chilton agrees. Unknown to Chilton, Lecter has previously hidden under his tongue a paperclip and some parts of a pen, both of which were mistakenly given to him by untrained orderlies over his many years at the asylum. He fashions the pen pieces and paperclip into an improvised lockpick, which he later uses to pick his handcuff locks.
In Tennessee, Lecter toys with Senator Martin briefly, enjoying the woman's anguish, but eventually gives her some information about Buffalo Bill: his name is William "Billy" Rubin, and he has suffered from "elephant ivory anthrax", a knifemaker's disease. He also provides an accurate physical description. The name, however, is a red herring: bilirubin is a pigment in human bile and a chief coloring agent in human feces, which the forensic lab compares to the color of Chilton's hair.
Starling tries one last time to get information from Lecter as he is about to be transferred. He offers a final clue - "we covet what we see everyday" - and demands to hear her worst memory. Starling reveals that, after her father's death, she was sent to live with a cousin on a sheep and horse ranch. One night, she discovered the farmer slaughtering the spring lambs, and fled in terror with one of the slaughter horses whom she named Hannah. The farmer caught her and sent her to an orphanage, where she spent the rest of her childhood, along with Hannah. Lecter thanks her, and the two share a brief moment of connection before Chilton forces her to leave. Later on, she deduces from Lecter's clue that Buffalo Bill knew his first victim.
Shortly after this, Lecter escapes by killing and eviscerating his guards, using one of their faces as a mask to fool paramedics. Starling continues her search for Buffalo Bill, eventually tracking him down and killing him, rescuing Catherine. She is made a full-fledged FBI agent, and receives a congratulatory telegram from Lecter, who hopes that "the lambs have stopped screaming". While writing the letter, Lecter notes to himself that he will track down Chilton, but Clarice assumes he will not come after her, correctly. He predicts, also correctly, that while saving Catherine Martin may have granted Clarice some relief, the silence will never become eternal, heralding her motives for a continued career at the FBI. Clarice eventually finds rest even after Lecter's letter, sleeping peacefully "in the silence of the lambs".
Characters[edit]
Clarice Starling
Dr. Hannibal Lecter
Jack Crawford
Jame "Buffalo Bill" Gumb
Barney Matthews
Ardelia Mapp
Dr. Frederick Chilton
Catherine Baker Martin
Senator Ruth Martin
Paul Krendler
Noble Pilcher
Albert Roden
I. J. Miggs
Film adaptation[edit]
Main article: The Silence of the Lambs (film)
Following the 1986 adaptation of Red Dragon (filmed as Manhunter), The Silence of the Lambs was adapted by Jonathan Demme in 1991. The Silence of the Lambs became the third film in Oscar history to win the five most prestigious Academy Awards – Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, and Best Screenplay. It stars Jodie Foster as Clarice Starling and Anthony Hopkins as Hannibal Lecter. To this day, it continues to be listed by critics as one of the best films ever made.
Literary significance[edit]
The novel was a great success. Craig Brown of The Mail on Sunday wrote, "No thriller writer is better attuned than Thomas Harris to the rhythms of suspense. No horror writer is more adept at making the stomach churn". The Independent wrote, "Utterly gripping", and Amazon.com wrote, "...driving suspense, compelling characters,...a well-executed thriller..."[1] Children's novelist Roald Dahl also greatly enjoyed the novel, describing it as "subtle, horrific and splendid, the best book I have read in a long time". Author David Foster Wallace used the book as part of his curriculum while teaching at Pomona College and later included the book as well as Harris's Red Dragon on his list of ten favorite novels.[2] John Dunning says of Silence of the Lambs: [it is] "simply the best thriller I've read in five years".[3]
Accolades[edit]
The novel won the 1988 Bram Stoker Award for Best Novel.[4]
The novel also won the 1989 Anthony Award for Best Novel.[5]
It was nominated for the 1989 World Fantasy Award.[6]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Editorial Reviews". Retrieved 2008-01-08.
2.Jump up ^ "David Foster Wallace's favorite books". Retrieved 2012-03-03.
3.Jump up ^ Dunning, John. Booked to Die. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1992. p. 159.
4.Jump up ^ "Past Stoker Award Nominees & Winners". Horror Writers Association. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
5.Jump up ^ "Bouchercon World Mystery Convention : Anthony Awards Nominees". BoucherCon.info. 2003-10-02. Retrieved 2012-03-14.
6.Jump up ^ "1989 World Fantasy Award Winners and Nominees". SSF.net. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
External links[edit]


[hide]
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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: St. Martin's Press books
1988 novels
Thriller novels
Hannibal Lecter
American novels adapted into films
Cannibalism in fiction
1983 in fiction
Anthony Award-winning works





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Hannibal (novel)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the novel. For other uses, see Hannibal (disambiguation).

Hannibal
Artwork of a vertical, rectangular box. The text and illustration look like they were chiseled out of silver. The background consist of red tiles shaded with different levels of black. On top, there is the author's name, Thomas Harris. Below, in the middle, there is the illustration of a dragon eating a man, styled as an ancient bas-relief. On the bottom, there is the title, Hannibal. Below the title there is a sentence that says, "A Novel by the Author of The Silence of the Lambs".
First edition cover

Author
Thomas Harris
Country
United States
Language
English
Series
Hannibal Lecter
Genre
thriller, horror
Publisher
Delacorte Press

Publication date
 8 June 1999
Media type
Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Pages
484 pp (first edition, hardback)
ISBN
ISBN 0-385-33487-7 (first edition, hardback)
OCLC
41315462
Preceded by
The Silence of the Lambs
Followed by
Hannibal Rising
Hannibal is a novel written by Thomas Harris, published in 1999. It is the third in his series featuring Dr. Hannibal Lecter and the second to feature FBI Special Agent Clarice Starling. The novel takes place seven years after the events of The Silence of the Lambs and deals with the intended revenge of one of Lecter's victims. It was adapted as a film of the same name in 2001, directed by Ridley Scott.


Contents  [hide]
1 Synopsis
2 Reception
3 Characters
4 References

Synopsis[edit]
Seven years after rescuing Jame Gumb's last victim, Clarice Starling witnesses her career crumble around her. A drug raid goes wrong and Starling kills an armed meth dealer in self-defense: the dealer was carrying her own baby while shooting at Starling. Hannibal Lecter, who has been living in Florence, Italy, under an assumed name since escaping custody, sends her a letter of condolence and requests more information about her personal life. Desperate to catch Lecter, the FBI finds a use for Starling once again. She meets with Barney Matthews, former orderly of Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane. He tells her what Lecter said about her and that he said he would never go after her if he escaped.
Meanwhile, Mason Verger, a wealthy, sadistic pedophile who was left horribly disfigured after a "therapy session" with Lecter, plans to get revenge by feeding Lecter to wild boars, using Starling as bait. He is aided by corrupt Justice Department agent Paul Krendler, Starling's personal nemesis.
A disgraced Florentine detective, Rinaldo Pazzi, also pursues Lecter in the interests of collecting Verger's bounty on him. However, Lecter kills one of Pazzi's men and hangs Pazzi where his ancestor, Francesco de Pazzi, was hanged in 1478. Lecter waves at a camera, the footage of which is later seen by Verger. Lecter kills one of Verger's men and escapes to the United States, where he begins pursuing Starling.
The novel briefly touches upon Lecter's childhood, specifically the death of his beloved younger sister, Mischa. The two were orphaned during World War II, and a group of German deserters found them on their family estate and took them prisoner. The Germans, after checking the limbs of both siblings, had taken Mischa away. Lecter later found some of Mischa's milk teeth in a stool pit used by the deserters, indicating to young Hannibal that they had killed and eaten his sister.
Barney briefly works for Verger, and gets acquainted with Verger's sister and bodyguard Margot, a lesbian bodybuilder whom Verger molested and raped as a child. Their friendship is briefly strained when he makes a pass at her, but they eventually reconcile, and Margot tells him that she stays in her hated brother's employment because she needs Mason's sperm to have a child with her partner, Judy.
Lecter is captured by Verger's men, and Starling pursues them, determined to bring Lecter in herself. One of Verger's men is able to shoot her full of tranquilizer as she releases Lecter. The wild boars break through the barricade separating them from Lecter, but they lose interest in their intended prey when they smell no fear on him, instead going after Verger's men. In the confusion, Lecter carries the unconscious Starling to safety, and escapes with her. At the same time, Margot forcibly obtains Mason's sperm by sodomizing him with a cattle prod, and then kills him by shoving his pet Moray eel down his throat. Lecter, who had briefly treated Margot after her brother abused her, has urged her to blame the murder on him, which she does by leaving one of his hairs at the scene.
Using a regimen of psychotropic drugs and behavioral therapy, Lecter attempts to brainwash Starling, hoping to make her believe she is Mischa, returned to life. She ultimately proves too strong, however, and tells him that Mischa will have to live on within him. Lecter captures Krendler and lobotomizes him, and then he and Starling dine on Krendler's prefrontal cortex, sauteed with shallots, before Lecter kills him. The two then become lovers, and disappear together.
Three years later, Barney and his girlfriend go to Buenos Aires to see a Vermeer painting. At the opera, Barney spots Lecter and Starling; terrified, he flees with his girlfriend.
Reception[edit]
Although the ending was controversial, reaction to the novel was generally very positive. Robert McCrum, writing in The Guardian, called it "the exquisite satisfaction of a truly great melodrama". Author Stephen King, an admitted fan of the series, has said that he considers Hannibal to be one of the two most frightening popular novels of our time, the other being The Exorcist.[1]
Charles de Lint, however, criticized Hannibal as a huge disappointment, citing "its disturbing subtexts, which . . . set [Lecter] up as a sympathetic character," and Harris' "twisting her [Starling] so out of character simply to provide a 'shock' ending."[2] And Martin Amis writing in Talk (in an essay later reprinted in The War Against Cliché) said that Hannibal was a work of "profound and virtuoso vulgarity", stating Harris "has become a serial murderer of English sentences and Hannibal is a necropolis of prose".
The first printing of Hannibal was 1.3 million copies. It was the second highest bestselling novel in 1999.
Characters[edit]
Hannibal Lecter
Clarice Starling
Mason Verger
Margot Verger
Jack Crawford
Rinaldo Pazzi
Paul Krendler
Barney Matthews
Cordell
Oreste Pini
Dr. Doemling
Carlo Deogracias
Romula Cjesku
Gnocco
Ardelia Mapp
Evelda Drumgo
References[edit]
Notes
1.Jump up ^ King, Stephen (13 June 1999). "Hannibal the cannibal". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
2.Jump up ^ "Books to Look For". F&SF. January 2000.
Bibliography
James, Tiffany. "Hannibal / 20th-Century American Bestseller". Retrieved 26 December 2010.


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: Hannibal Lecter
Horror novels
1999 novels
American novels adapted into films





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Hannibal Rising
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the novel. For the film, see Hannibal Rising (film).

Hannibal Rising
Hannibalrisingcover.jpg
First edition cover

Author
Thomas Harris
Country
United States
Language
English
Series
Hannibal Lecter
Genre
Thriller
Publisher
Delacorte Press

Publication date
 5 December 2006
Media type
Print (Hardback)
Pages
323
ISBN
0-385-33941-0
OCLC
82287375
Preceded by
Hannibal
Hannibal Rising is a novel written by Thomas Harris, published in 2006. It is a prequel to his three previous books featuring his most famous character, the cannibalistic serial killer Dr. Hannibal Lecter. It is Harris' fifth and, as of 2013, most recent novel. The novel was released with an initial printing of at least 1.5 million copies[1] and met with a mixed critical response. Audiobook versions have also been released, with Harris reading the text. The novel was adapted (by Harris himself) into a film of the same name in 2007, directed by Peter Webber.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot summary
2 Characters
3 Development
4 References
5 External links

Plot summary[edit]
Lecter is eight years old at the beginning of the novel (1941), living in Lecter Castle in Lithuania, when Operation Barbarossa, Hitlers invasion of the Soviet Union, turns the Baltic region into a part of the bloodiest front line of World War II. Lecter, his sister Mischa, and his parents escape to the family's hunting lodge in the woods to elude the advancing German troops. After three years, the Nazis are finally driven out of the countries now occupied by the Soviet Union. During their retreat, a German Stuka destroys a Soviet tank that had stopped at the Lecter family's lodge looking for water. The explosion kills everyone but Lecter and Mischa. They survive in the cottage until six former Lithuanian militiamen, led by a Nazi collaborator named Vladis Grutas, storm and loot it. Finding no other food, they kill and cannibalize Mischa, while Lecter watches helplessly. He blacks out and is later found wandering and mute by a Soviet tank crew that takes him back to Lecter Castle, which is now a Soviet orphanage. Lecter is irreparably traumatized by the ordeal, and develops a savage obsession with avenging his sister's death.
Lecter is removed from the orphanage by his uncle, a noted painter, and he goes to live with him in France. The happiness of their lives together is cut short with his uncle's sudden death. Most of the estate is taken for death duties.
Lecter goes to live in reduced circumstances with his Japanese aunt, Lady Murasaki, and they develop a special, quasi-romantic relationship. While in France, Lecter flourishes as a medical student. He commits his first murder as a teenager, killing a local butcher who insulted Murasaki. He is suspected of the butcher's murder by Inspector Popil, a French detective who also lost his family during the war. Thanks in part to Murasaki's intervention, Lecter escapes responsibility for the crime.
Lecter divides his time between medical school in France and hunting those who killed and cannibalized his sister. One by one, he crosses paths with Grutas' men, killing them all in the most inventively gruesome ways possible. Eventually, Popil arrests Lecter, but Lecter is freed when popular support for his dispatch of war criminals combines with a lack of hard evidence. While Lecter avoids prison, he loses his relationship with Murasaki, who tells him that there is nothing human left in him. The novel ends with Lecter going to America to begin his residency at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland.
Characters[edit]
Hannibal Lecter
Lady Murasaki (the character shares the name of the noted Japanese writer Lady Murasaki). Possesses the arms and armor of her ancestor Date Masamune, polishes them annually.
Inspector Popil
Vladis Grutas – Has large letter 'M's carved in his chest and body; is reduced to ash when Lecter rigs his yacht to explode.
Zigmas Milko – Drowned in Formalin solution in a cadaver tank.
Enrikas Dortlich – His head is ripped off after Lecter ties his neck to a horse; his cheeks are then cut off. Hannibal later admits that he has eaten them.
Petras Kolnas – Is stabbed through the head with a tantō dagger.
Bronys Grentz – Is beheaded by Lecter who then mails the head to a taxidermist.
Kazys Porvik aka Pot Watcher – killed by a bomb, before Lecter begins his mission.
Paul Momund – Hannibal's first victim. Insults Lady Murasaki and is killed with ancestral wakizashi. (in the film, the katana is used)
Robert Lecter
Mischa Lecter
Development[edit]
The February 22, 2007 issue of Entertainment Weekly features a quote that suggests that the only reason Thomas Harris wrote the story was out of the fear that a Lecter prequel/origin story would inevitably be written without his involvement. Hannibal Rising film producer Dino De Laurentiis said "I say to Thomas, 'If you don't do [the prequel], I will do it with someone else...I don't want to lose this franchise. And the audience wants it...' He said, 'No. I'm sorry.' And I said, 'I will do it with somebody else.' And then he said, 'Let me think about it. I will come up with an idea.'"[2]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ AP (2006-09-19). "New Hannibal Lecter novel due in December". CNN. Archived from the original on 2006-09-20. Retrieved 2006-09-19.
2.Jump up ^ "I have no idea what Tom's next book will be. It may not involve the Hannibal character at all. His deal does not require that. He is an important American novelist and writes what he chooses, when he chooses."
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Hannibal Rising
Hannibal Rising at IMDb
Official Dino De Laurentiis Company website
Official Thomas Harris website
Official Hannibal Rising website
Hannibal Rising Reviews at Metacritic
Official Hannibal Rising MySpace site
The Hannibal Lecter Studiolo


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: Hannibal Lecter
2006 novels
American thriller novels
Johns Hopkins Hospital in fiction
American novels adapted into films
Prequel novels





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Manhunter (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Manhunter
The film's poster. Petersen's face is in silhouette at the top, along with the tagline "It's just you and me now, sport". Below this is a silhouette of Noonan standing in a doorway with a flash-light. The film's title is along the bottom in orange lettering.
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Michael Mann
Produced by
Richard A. Roth
Screenplay by
Michael Mann
Based on
Red Dragon
 by Thomas Harris
Starring
William Petersen
Kim Greist
Joan Allen
Brian Cox
Dennis Farina
Stephen Lang
Tom Noonan

Music by
Michel Rubini
The Reds

Cinematography
Dante Spinotti
Editing by
Dov Hoenig
Studio
De Laurentiis Entertainment Group
Red Dragon Productions

Distributed by
De Laurentiis Entertainment Group
Release dates
August 15, 1986

Running time
124 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$15 million[1]
Box office
$8,620,929[2]
Manhunter is a 1986 American crime thriller film based on Thomas Harris' novel Red Dragon. Written and directed by Michael Mann, it stars William Petersen as Will Graham and features Brian Cox as Hannibal Lecktor. When asked to investigate a killer known as "The Tooth Fairy", FBI profiler Will Graham comes out of retirement to lend his talents to the case, but in doing so he must confront the specter of his past and meet with a jailed killer who nearly counted Graham amongst his victims. Dennis Farina co-stars as Jack Crawford, Graham's superior at the FBI, and serial killer Francis Dollarhyde—"The Tooth Fairy"—is portrayed by Tom Noonan.
Manhunter focuses on the forensic work carried out by the FBI to track down the killer and shows the long-term effects that cases like this have on Graham, highlighting the similarities between him and his quarry. The film features heavily stylized use of color to convey this sense of duality, and the nature of the characters' similarity has been explored in academic readings of the film. This was not the first adaptation of a Harris novel for the screen—the 1975 novel Black Sunday, a story of a terrorist attack on the Super Bowl, was made into a film in 1977—but it was the first film to feature serial killer Hannibal Lecter, who would later appear in The Silence of the Lambs, Hannibal, Red Dragon, Hannibal Rising, and the 2013 television series Hannibal.
Opening to mixed reviews, Manhunter fared poorly at the box office at the time of its release, making only $8.6 million in the United States. However, it has been reappraised in more recent reviews and now enjoys a more favorable reception, as both the acting and the stylized visuals have been appreciated better in later years. Its resurgent popularity, which may be due to later adaptations of Harris' books and Petersen's success in CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, has seen it labelled as a cult film.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production 3.1 Pre-production
3.2 Filming
3.3 Post-production
4 Soundtrack
5 Themes
6 Release 6.1 Box office
6.2 Home media
7 Reception
8 Legacy
9 See also
10 References
11 External links

Plot[edit]
Will Graham (William Petersen) is a former FBI criminal profiler who has retired because of a breakdown after being attacked by a cannibalistic serial killer, Dr. Hannibal Lecktor (Brian Cox). Graham is approached at his Florida home by his former FBI superior Jack Crawford (Dennis Farina), who is seeking help with a new serial killer case. Promising his wife (Kim Greist) that he will do nothing more than examine evidence and not risk physical harm, Graham agrees to visit the most recent crime scene in Atlanta, where he tries to enter the mindset of the killer, now dubbed the "Tooth Fairy" by the police for the bite-marks left on his victims.
Having found the killer's fingerprints, Graham meets with Crawford. They are accosted by tabloid journalist Freddy Lounds (Stephen Lang), with whom Graham has a bitter history. Lounds' paper had run photographs of Graham taken secretly while he was hospitalized. Graham pays a visit to Lecktor, a former psychiatrist, in his cell and asks for his insight into the killer's motivations. After a tense conversation, Lecktor agrees to look at the case file. Lecktor later contrives to obtain Graham's home address by deceit.
Graham travels to the first crime scene in Birmingham, Alabama, where he is contacted by Crawford, who tells him of Lounds' tabloid story on the case. Crawford also patches Graham through to Frederick Chilton (Benjamin Hendrickson), Lecktor's warden, who has found a note in Lecktor's personal effects. Reading it, they realize it is from the Tooth Fairy, expressing admiration for Lecktor—and an interest in Graham. Crawford brings Graham to the FBI Academy at Quantico, where a missing section of the note is analyzed to determine what Lecktor has removed. It is found to be an instruction to communicate through the personals section of the National Tattler, Lounds' newspaper.
The FBI intended to plant a fake advertisement to replace Lecktor's, but they realize that without the proper book code the Tooth Fairy will know it is fake. So they let the advertisement run as it is, and Graham organizes an interview with Lounds, during which he gives a false and derogatory profile of the Tooth Fairy to incite him. After a sting operation fails to catch the killer, Lounds is kidnapped by the Tooth Fairy (Tom Noonan). Waking in the killer's home, he is shown a slideshow of William Blake's The Great Red Dragon paintings, along with the Tooth Fairy's past victims and slides of a family the killer identifies as his next targets. Lounds is forced to tape-record a statement before being set on fire in a wheelchair and killed, his flaming body rolled into the parking garage of the National Tattler as a warning.
Graham is told by Crawford that they have cracked Lecktor's coded message to the Tooth Fairy—it is Graham's home address with an instruction to kill the family (ending with "Save yourself. Kill them all," revealing that Lecktor believes Graham would find the Tooth Fairy). Graham rushes home to find his family safe but terrified. After the FBI moves Graham's family to a safehouse, he tries to explain to his son Kevin why he had retired previously. At his job in a St. Louis film lab, Francis Dollarhyde—The Tooth Fairy—approaches a blind co-worker, Reba McClane (Joan Allen), and ends up offering her a lift. They go to Dollarhyde's home, where Reba is oblivious to the fact that Dollarhyde is watching home-movie footage of his planned next victim. She kisses him and they make love. Dollarhyde is confused by this newfound relationship, though it helps suppress his bloodlust. Just as Graham comes to realize how much the Tooth Fairy's desire for acceptance factors into the murders, Dollarhyde watches as Reba is escorted home by another co-worker. Mistakenly believing them to be kissing, Dollarhyde murders the man and abducts Reba. When she calls him Francis, he tells her: "Francis is gone. Forever."
Desperately trying to figure out a connection between the murdered families, Graham realizes that someone must have seen their home movies. He and Crawford deduce where the films were processed. They identify the lab in St. Louis and fly there immediately. Dollarhyde has been casing the victims' homes through home movies, enabling him to prepare for the break-ins in extreme detail. Graham determines which employee has seen these films and obtains Dollarhyde's home address, to which he and Crawford travel with a police escort. At Dollarhyde's home Reba is terrified as he contemplates what to do with her. As he struggles to kill Reba with a piece of broken mirror glass, police teams assemble around the house. Seeing that Dollarhyde has someone inside with him, Graham lunges through a window. He is quickly subdued by Dollarhyde, who retrieves a shotgun and uses it to wound Crawford and kill two police officers. Wounded in the firefight, Dollarhyde returns to the kitchen to shoot Graham, but misses because of his injuries and is killed himself when Graham returns fire. Graham, Reba, and Crawford are tended to by paramedics before Graham returns home and retires permanently.
Cast[edit]
William Petersen as Will Graham. Richard Gere, Mel Gibson and Paul Newman were considered for the role, but Mann cast Petersen after seeing footage from To Live and Die in L.A.[3] Petersen spent time with officers of the Chicago Police Department researching for his role.[4]
Tom Noonan as Francis Dollarhyde. Noonan credits his ability to improvise during rehearsals for his casting.[3] He took up bodybuilding to prepare physically for the part.[5] He began preparation for his role by studying other serial killers, but quickly rejected this approach.[6] While shooting the film, Noonan remained in character at all times, keeping away from cast members playing his pursuers.[3][6]
Dennis Farina as Jack Crawford. Farina had already worked with Mann before, making his acting début in the 1981 film Thief[3] before starring in Crime Story[7] and in several episodes of Miami Vice.[8][9][10] Farina had already read the novel Red Dragon, and was called to audition at the same time as Brian Cox.[11]
Kim Greist as Molly Graham. Greist, who according to reviews was "wasted in a tiny role",[12] had previously worked with Mann on an episode of Miami Vice.[13]
Brian Cox as Dr. Hannibal Lecktor. Actors John Lithgow, Mandy Patinkin, and Brian Dennehy, and director William Friedkin were also considered for the part of Lecktor,[3] whose name was changed from the novel's "Lecter".[14] Cox based his performance on Scottish serial killer Peter Manuel.[6] Cox was asked to audition with his back turned to the casting agents, as they felt they needed to focus on the power of his voice when considering him for the part.[15]
Joan Allen as Reba McClane. In preparation for her role, Allen spent time with the New York Institute for the Blind, learning to walk through New York blindfolded.[6] She had previously worked with co-star William Petersen on stage, in the 1980 Steppenwolf Theatre Company production of Balm in Gilead.[16]
Stephen Lang as Freddy Lounds. Lang had previously starred in Band of the Hand, on which Mann was executive producer. He went on to appear in the Mann-produced Crime Story with Farina[7] and in Mann's 2009 film Public Enemies.
Production[edit]
Pre-production[edit]
The film was originally going to be called Red Dragon, like the novel. Michael Mann, who called the new title "inferior", said that producer Dino De Laurentiis made the change after Michael Cimino's film Year of the Dragon, produced by De Laurentiis, bombed at the box office in 1985.[3] William Petersen has commented that another reason for the change was to avoid any suggestion that it might be a karate movie.[6][17] "At the time, Bruce Lee was knocking out Dragon movies, and Dino, in his wisdom, decided people would think it was a kung-fu movie", he later recalled.[3] Brian Cox, who played jailed killer Hannibal Lecktor, has also expressed disdain for the film's title, calling it "bland" and "cheesy".[6]
William Petersen worked with the Chicago Police Department Violent Crimes Unit and the FBI Violent Crimes Unit in preparation for the role of Will Graham, talking to the officers and reading some of their crime files.[4] He spoke to the investigators on the Richard Ramirez case about how they coped with the effects these disturbing cases had on them and how they learned to "compartmentalize" their working and personal lives. "Of course you don’t really turn it off", he recalled. "At the end of the day, even if you’re just a regular policeman, it takes a toll".[3] During the three years he spent working on the script,[18] Michael Mann also spent time with the FBI's Behavioral Science Unit, where he claimed to have met people very like the character of Will Graham.[3] This level of research led Brent E. Turvey to describe the film as "one of the most competent blends of cutting-edge forensic science and criminal profiling at the time".[19] Mann also spent several years corresponding with imprisoned murderer Dennis Wayne Wallace. Wallace had been motivated by his obsession for a woman he barely knew, and believed that Iron Butterfly's "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida" was "their song". This connection inspired Mann to include the song in the film.[3]
Tom Noonan, who played killer Francis Dollarhyde, initially researched other serial killers to study for the role, but was repulsed by it. He then decided to play the character with the sense that he felt he was doing right by his victims, not harming them. "I wanted to feel this guy was doing the best he could", Noonan explained, "that he was doing this out of love".[6] Noonan credits his casting to improvisation during his audition, recalling that he was reading lines alongside a young woman. During a reading of the scene featuring the torture of Freddy Lounds, Noonan noticed that the woman began to seem frightened, and deliberately tried to scare her more. He believed that this is what secured the role for him.[3]
Joan Allen, who played Dollarhyde's blind love interest Reba McClane, recalls meeting with representatives of the New York Institute for the Blind in preparation for her role. She spent time walking around New York wearing a mask over her eyes to get accustomed to walking as though she were blind.[6]
John Lithgow, Mandy Patinkin, William Friedkin, and Brian Dennehy were all considered for the role of Hannibal Lecktor, but Brian Cox was cast after being recommended to Mann by Dennehy.[3] Cox based his portrayal on Scottish serial killer Peter Manuel, who (he said) "didn't have a sense of right and wrong".[6] Cox has also suggested that his selection was due to his nationality, claiming that characters who are "a little bit nasty" are best played by Europeans.[3] Mann kept the role of Lecktor very short, believing that it was "such a charismatic character that [he] wanted the audience almost not to get enough of him".[20] For the role of Will Graham, De Laurentiis had expressed interest in Richard Gere, Mel Gibson and Paul Newman, but Mann, having seen footage of William Petersen's role in To Live and Die in L.A., championed Petersen for the part.[3]
Filming[edit]
Petersen has claimed in an interview that one of the film's scenes forced the crew to adopt a guerrilla filmmaking approach. The scene in which Petersen's character Will Graham falls asleep while studying crime scene photographs during a flight required the use of an airplane during shooting. Michael Mann had been unable to gain permission to use a plane for the scene and booked tickets for the crew on a flight from Chicago to Florida. Once on board, the crew used their equipment, checked in as hand luggage, to shoot the scene quickly, while keeping the plane's passengers and crew mollified with Manhunter crew jackets.[3]
Cinematographer Dante Spinotti made strong use of colour tints in the film, using a cool "romantic blue" tone to denote the scenes featuring Will Graham and his wife, and a more subversive green hue, with elements of purple or magenta, as a cue for the unsettling scenes in the film, mostly involving Dollarhyde.[21] Petersen has stated that Mann wanted to create a visual aura to bring the audience into the film, so that the story would work on an interior and emotional level.[4] Mann also made use of multiple frame rates in filming the climactic shootout: different cameras recording the scene at 24, 36, 72 and 90 frames per second, giving the final scene what Spinotti has called an "off tempo", "staccato" feel.[21]



"I was really wound up. I was doing 50 push-ups between each take, and we were doing take after take."
–Noonan on filming his role as the Tooth Fairy.[3]
During principal photography, Noonan asked that no one playing his victims and pursuers be allowed to see him, while those he did speak to should address him by his character's name, Francis. The first time Noonan met Petersen was when Petersen jumped through a large window during the filming of the climactic fight scene.[6][22] Noonan admits that, because of his request, the atmosphere on set became so tense that people actually became afraid of him.[6] He had also begun body-building to prepare for the role and felt that his size intimidated the crew when filming began, as the first scene to be shot was his character's interrogation and murder of another.[5] Noonan claims that this led him to take separate flights and stay in separate hotels from the rest of the cast,[3] and while on the film's sets, he would remain in his trailer alone in the dark to prepare himself, sometimes joined by a silent Mann.[6]
Petersen recalled filming the climactic shoot-out scene at the end of principal photography, when most of the crew had already left the production because of time constraints. With no special effects crew to provide the blood spatter for the gunshots, Petersen described how the remaining crew would blow ketchup across the set through hoses when such effects were needed.[6] Joan Allen also related that Mann would simulate the impacts of bullets in Dollarhyde's kitchen by throwing glass jars across the surfaces so they would shatter where he needed them to; one of these broken jars left a shard of glass embedded in Petersen's thigh during filming.[6] The pool of blood forming around Noonan's character at the end of this scene was intended to allude to the "Red Dragon" tattoos worn by the character in the novel.[3] This shot left Noonan lying in the corn syrup stage blood for so long that he became stuck to the floor.[6]
Post-production[edit]
Spinotti has commented on how Mann's use of mise en scène when framing shots evokes "the emotional situation in the film at that particular time", noting the director's focus on the particular shape or color of elements of the set. He has also drawn attention to the scene in which Graham visits Lecktor in his cell, pointing out the constant position of the cell bars within the frame, even as the shots cut back and forth between the two characters. "There is nothing in Manhunter ... which is just a nice shot", says Spinotti. "[It] is all focused into conveying that particular atmosphere; whether it's happiness, or delusion, or disillusion".[21] This "manipulation of focus and editing" has become a visual hallmark of the film.[23]
Despite having initially filmed the scenes involving Francis Dollarhyde with an elaborate tattoo across Noonan's chest, Mann and Spinotti felt that the finished result seemed out of place and that it "trivialize[d] the struggle" the character faced.[3][21] Mann cut the scenes in which the character appeared bare-chested, and quickly re-shot additional footage to replace what had been removed. Spinotti noted that in doing so, scenes which he felt had been captured with a "beautiful" aesthetic were lost, as the production did not have the time to recreate the original lighting conditions.[21]
Petersen had difficulty ridding himself of the Will Graham character after principal photography wrapped. While rehearsing for a play in Chicago, he felt the old character "always coming out" instead of his new role. To try and rid himself of the character, Petersen went to a barbershop where he had them shave his beard, cut his hair and dye it blond so that he could look into the mirror and see a different person. At first he felt it was due to the rigorous shooting schedule for Manhunter, but later realized that the character "had creeped in".[6]
Soundtrack[edit]

Manhunter (Music from the Motion Picture Soundtrack)

Soundtrack album by various artists

Released
1986
Length
43:29
Label
MCA
Manhunter's soundtrack "dominates the film",[24] with music that is "explicitly diegetic the entire way".[25] Steve Rybin has commented that the music is not intended to correlate with the intensity of the action portrayed alongside it, but rather to signify when the viewer should react with a "degree of aesthetic distance" from the film, or be "suture[d] into the diegetic world" more closely.[26] The soundtrack album was released in limited quantities in 1986, on MCA Records (#6182). It was not, however, released on compact disc at the time, but only on cassette tape and vinyl record.[27] On 19 March 2007, a two-CD set titled Music from the Films of Michael Mann was released, featuring four tracks from Manhunter: The Prime Movers' "Strong As I Am", Iron Butterfly's "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida", Shriekback's "This Big Hush", and Red 7's "Heartbeat".[28] In March 2010, Intrada Records announced that they were releasing the Manhunter soundtrack on CD for the first time, with an extra track, "Jogger's Stakeout" by The Reds.[29]
The Reds were contacted about contributing to the film's soundtrack after submitting their music for possible use on Miami Vice. They recorded their score over a period of two months, in studios in New York and Los Angeles. They recorded a total of 28 minutes of music for the film; however, several cues were replaced later with music by Shriekback and Michel Rubini. "Comfortably Numb" by Pink Floyd and "I Had Too Much to Dream (Last Night)" by The Electric Prunes have both been cited by The Reds' vocalist Rick Shaffer as influences on the film's soundtrack.[30] Mann selected "Strong as I Am" by The Prime Movers for the film and later funded the filming of a music video for the song's release as a single.[31]

No.
Title
Writer(s)
Length

1. "Strong as I Am"   The Prime Movers 4:37
2. "Coelocanth"   Shriekback 4:19
3. "This Big Hush"   Shriekback 6:13
4. "Graham's Theme"   Michel Rubini 4:00
5. "Evaporation"   Shriekback 3:18
6. "Heartbeat"   Red 7 3:52
7. "Lector's Cell"   The Reds 1:48
8. "Jogger's Stakeout"   The Reds 2:05
9. "Leed's House"   The Reds 4:32
10. "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida"   Iron Butterfly 8:20
Total length:
 43:29 
Music in the film's screen credits which are not listed above included:

No.
Title
Writer(s)
Length

1. "Freeze"   Klaus Schulze 6:42
2. "Seiun + Hikari No Sono"   Kitarō 8:00
Total length:
 14:42 
Themes[edit]

Two still images from the film. One is a married couple lying in bed, the image heavily tinted blue. The other is a man sitting alone in a darkened room, with the image heavily tinted green

 The use of heavily tinted scenes was a deliberate technique to evoke different moods in the audience. Top: Will and Molly Graham are lit with Spinotti's "romantic blue". Bottom: Francis Dollarhyde sits in "subversive" green.[21]
Visually, Manhunter is driven by strong color cues and the use of tints,[32] including the hallmark blue of Mann's work.[33] Dante Spinotti has noted that these visual cues were meant to invoke different moods based on the tone of the scenes in which they were used: cool blue tones were used for the scenes shared between Will Graham and his wife Molly, and unsettling greens and magentas were used for the scenes with the killer Francis Dollarhyde.[21] Steven Rybin has observed that "blue is associated with Molly, sex, and the Graham family home", while green denotes "searching and discovery", pointing out the color of Graham's shirt when the investigation begins and the green tone of the interior shots in the Atlanta police station.[26] John Muir suggests that this helps identify the character of Graham with the "goodness" of the natural world, and Dollarhyde with the city, "where sickness thrives".[32] This strongly stylized approach drew criticism from reviewers at first,[34] but has since been seen as a hallmark of the film and viewed more positively.[3][35]
Academic studies of the film tend to draw attention to the relationship between the characters of Graham and Dollarhyde, noting, for example, that the film "chooses to emphasize the novel's symbiotic relationships between Graham, Lecter and Dolarhyde [sic] by visual techniques and screen acting where subtlety plays a key role".[36] In his book Hearths of Darkness: The Family in the American Horror Film, Tony Williams praises the depth of the film's characterizations, calling Dollarhyde a "victim of society" and his portrayal "undermining convenient barriers between monster and human".[37] Philip L. Simpson echoes this sentiment in his book Psycho Paths: Tracking the Serial Killer through Contemporary American Film, calling Manhunter a "profoundly ambiguous and destabilizing film" which creates "uncomfortable affinities between protagonist and antagonist".[38] Mark T. Conard's The Philosophy of Film Noir follows this same idea, claiming that the film presents the notion that "what it takes to catch a serial killer is tantamount to being one".[39]
Release[edit]
Box office[edit]
Manhunter was released in the United States on 15 August 1986. It opened in 779 theaters and grossed $2,204,400 in its opening weekend. The film eventually grossed a total of $8,620,929 domestically, making it the 76th highest-grossing film that year.[2] Because of internal problems at De Laurentiis Entertainment Group, the UK premiere was postponed for over a year.[3] It was screened in November 1987 as part of the London Film Festival[40] and saw wide release on 24 February 1989.[41] In France, Manhunter was screened on 9 April at the 1987 Cognac Festival du Film Policier, where it was awarded the Critics Prize.[42] It was also shown at the 2009 Camerimage Film Festival in Łódź, Poland.[43] On 19 March 2011, it was screened at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre in Hollywood to celebrate the 25th anniversary of its release. Michael Mann was present for discussion at the event.[44]
Home media[edit]
Manhunter was released in a widescreen edition on laserdisc in 1986.[45] It was released on VHS several times, including by BMG on 10 October 1998[46] and by Universal Studios in 2001.[47] It has also been available on DVD in various versions. Anchor Bay released a two-DVD limited edition in 2000. A standard edition, an individual release of the first disc from the two-disc set, was also released at the same time. In 2003 Anchor Bay released the "Restored Director's Cut", which is very close to the "Director's Cut" on the 2000 disc but omits one scene. It does, however, feature a commentary track by Mann.[48]
MGM (current holders of the rights to The Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal) released the theatrical cut of Manhunter on DVD in a pan-and-scan format in 2004.[49] In January 2007, the same version was released by MGM in a widescreen format, for the first time on DVD, as part of The Hannibal Lecter Collection, along with The Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal. Manhunter was also released by itself in September 2007.[49][50] The studio re-released The Hannibal Lecter Collection on Blu-ray in September 2009,[48][51] and Manhunter by itself on Blu-ray two years later.
Reception[edit]
On its release, Manhunter was met with widely mixed reviews. At first, it was seen as too stylish, owing largely to Mann's 1980s trademark use of pastel colors, art-deco architecture and glass brick.[12][34][52] A common criticism in the initial reviews was that the film overemphasized the music and stylistic visuals.[4] Petersen's skill as a lead actor was also called into question.[12][34][52] Particularly critical of the film's stylistic approach was the New York Times, which called attention to Mann's "taste for overkill", branding his stylized approach as "hokey" and little more than "gimmicks".[34] Chicago Tribune writer Dave Kehr remarked that Mann "believes in style so much that he has very little belief left over for the characters or situations of his film, which suffers accordingly", adding that the film's focus on style serves to "drain any notion of credibility" from its plot.[12] Sheila Benson of the Los Angeles Times was critical of the film's visuals and soundtrack, comparing it unfavourably with Miami Vice and describing it as a "chic, well-cast wasteland" that "delivers very little".[52][53] The film's stylistic similarity to Miami Vice was also pointed out by Film Threat's Dave Beuscher, who felt it was the chief reason for the film's poor box office results.[54] Writing for the San Francisco Chronicle, Steve Winn derided the film, claiming its lack of a strong lead role caused it to "fall apart like the shattered mirrors that figure in the crimes".[53] Time was more favorable in its review, praising the "intelligent camerabatics" and "bold, controlled color scheme".[55] Leonard Maltin gave the film three stars, calling it "gripping all the way through and surprisingly nonexploitive", although adding that "the holes start to show through" if looked for "too carefully".[56] Manhunter was, however, nominated for the 1987 Edgar Award for Best Motion Picture.[57]
Modern appreciation of the film has seen its standing among critics improve. Salon.com called Mann's original the best of the Lecter series,[58] and Slate magazine described it as "mesmerizing", positing that it directly inspired television series such as Millennium and CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, though calling attention to its "Miami-Vice-like overreliance on synthesized sludge".[59] The Independent called it "the most aestheticised film of the 1980s", and noted its "chilly integrity".[60] British television channel and production company Film4 called it "the most refined screen adaptation of Harris' books", although they found the film's contemporary soundtrack "dated".[61] Sky Movies echoed this sentiment, summing up their review by saying "although it still remains a classic, the film has dated slightly."[62] Retrospective reviews tend to be less critical of the stylized visuals: the BBC's Ali Barclay called the film "a truly suspenseful, stylish thriller", awarding it four out of five stars,[63] and Nathan Ditum described it in Total Film as "complex, disturbing and super-stylish", adding that the 2002 remake could not compete with it.[64] Empire editor Mark Dinning gave the film five stars out of five, praising the "subtlety" of the acting and the "neon angst" of the visuals.[35] Television channel Bravo named Dollarhyde's interrogation of Freddy Lounds as one of its 30 Even Scarier Movie Moments in 2007,[65] and Noonan's portrayal of Dollarhyde was praised by Simon Abrams of UGO Networks as "a highlight of his career".[66]
Despite the low gross on its initial release, Manhunter has grown in popularity in recent years and has been mentioned in several books and lists of cult films.[67][68][69] These reappraisals often cite the success of Silence of the Lambs and its sequels as the reason for the increased interest in Manhunter, while still favoring the earlier film over its successors.[68][69] Telling of this resurgence in appreciation are the film's ratings on review aggregation sites such as Metacritic or Rotten Tomatoes. Compiled mostly from recent reviews for the film, Manhunter has a metascore of 78 on Metacritic, based on ten reviews,[70] and a 94% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes, from 33 reviews.[71]
Legacy[edit]
Manhunter's focus on the use of forensic science in a criminal investigation has been cited as a major influence on several films and television series that have come after it[32][59]—most notably CSI: Crime Scene Investigation,[72] also featuring William Petersen, which was "inspired, or at least influenced" by the forensics scenes in Manhunter.[73] Petersen's sympathetic portrayal of profiler Will Graham has also been noted as helping to influence a "shift in the image of the pop-culture FBI agent" that would continue throughout the 1980s and 90s.[74] The film has also been noted as a thematic precursor to the series Millennium, John Doe, Profiler,[59] and The X-Files,[38] and to films such as Copycat, Switchback,[32] The Bone Collector, Seven and Fallen.[14]
The Silence of the Lambs, a film adaptation of Harris' next Lecter novel, was released in 1991. However, none of the cast of Manhunter reprise their roles in the later film, although characters such as Lecter and Chilton return with new actors. Actors Frankie Faison and Dan Butler appear in both films, but as different and unrelated characters. The Silence of the Lambs earned several awards and accolades, including the Academy Award for Best Picture. It is one of only three films to have won the Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor and Actress, and Best Screenplay.[75] The Silence of the Lambs was followed in turn by a sequel and two prequels: Hannibal, Red Dragon and Hannibal Rising, plus an NBC television series, Hannibal.
Of these later films, Red Dragon (2002), adapted from the same novel as Manhunter, was released to a generally positive critical reception and successful box office receipts, making $209,196,298 on a $78 million budget.[76] Based on recent reviews, Red Dragon currently has a 68% rating from 183 reviews at Rotten Tomatoes,[77] and a 60% rating based on 36 reviews on Metacritic.[78] Manhunter's cinematographer Dante Spinotti also served as the director of photography on this version.[79]
See also[edit]

Portal icon Film portal
1986 in film
Offender profiling in popular culture
List of films featuring home invasions

References[edit]
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66.Jump up ^ Abrams, Simon (2 February 2010). "Manhunter Michael Mann – Tom Noonan Tooth Fairy UGO". UGO Networks. Retrieved 24 May 2011.
67.Jump up ^ Simpson, Paul (August 2010). Berens, Kate, ed. The Rough Guide to Cult Movies (3rd ed.). Penguin. p. 324. ISBN 978-1-84836-213-0.
68.^ Jump up to: a b Schneider, Steven Jay (2010). Harrison, James, ed. 101 Cult Movies You Must See Before You Die. Quintessence. p. 257. ISBN 0-14-320602-8.
69.^ Jump up to: a b Davies, Steven Paul (2001). The A-Z of Cult Films and Film-makers. BT Batsford. p. 142. ISBN 0-7134-8704-6.
70.Jump up ^ "Manhunter". Metacritic.com. Retrieved 27 February 2011.
71.Jump up ^ "Manhunter Movie Reviews". RottenTomatoes.com. Retrieved 27 February 2011.
72.Jump up ^ Collins, Max Allan; Rodriguez, Gabriel; Wood, Ashley (2008). Bad Rap. IDW Publishing. p. 3. ISBN 1-60010-202-6.
73.Jump up ^ Allen, Michael (2007). Reading CSI: Crime TV under the Microscope. I.B. Tauris. p. 132. ISBN 1-84511-428-0.
74.Jump up ^ Lavery, David; Hague, Angela; Cartwright, Marla (1996). Deny All Knowledge: Reading The X-Files. Syracuse University Press. p. 69. ISBN 0-8156-0407-6.
75.Jump up ^ "84 Great Oscar Moments". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
76.Jump up ^ "Red Dragon (2002)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
77.Jump up ^ "Red Dragon Movie Reviews". RottenTomatoes.com. Retrieved 27 February 2011.
78.Jump up ^ "Red Dragon Reviews, Ratings, Credits and More at Metacritic". Metacritic.com. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
79.Jump up ^ Dante Spinotti (director of photography) (19 May 2003). Red Dragon (DVD). Universal Pictures.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Manhunter
Manhunter at the Internet Movie Database
Manhunter at allmovie
Manhunter at Trailers from Hell


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The Silence of the Lambs (film)
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The Silence of the Lambs
The Silence of the Lambs poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Jonathan Demme
Produced by
Kenneth Utt
Edward Saxon
Ron Bozman
Screenplay by
Ted Tally
Based on
The Silence of the Lambs
 by Thomas Harris
Starring
Jodie Foster
Anthony Hopkins
Scott Glenn
Ted Levine
Music by
Howard Shore
Cinematography
Tak Fujimoto
Editing by
Craig McKay
Distributed by
Orion Pictures
Release dates
February 14, 1991

Running time
118 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$19 million[2]
Box office
$272,742,922[2]
The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 American thriller film that blends elements of the crime and horror genres.[3] Directed by Jonathan Demme and starring Jodie Foster, Anthony Hopkins, and Scott Glenn, the film is based on Thomas Harris' 1988 novel of the same name, his second to feature Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer.
In the film, Clarice Starling, a young U.S. FBI trainee, seeks the advice of the imprisoned Dr. Lecter to apprehend another serial killer, known only as "Buffalo Bill".
The Silence of the Lambs was released on February 14, 1991, and grossed $272.7 million worldwide against its $19 million budget. It was only the third film, the other two being It Happened One Night and One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, to win Academy Awards in all the top five categories: Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Director, and Best Writing (Adapted Screenplay). It is also the first Best Picture winner widely considered to be a horror film, and only the second such film to be nominated in the category, after The Exorcist in 1973.[4][5] The film is considered "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant by the U.S. Library of Congress and was selected to be preserved in the National Film Registry in 2011.[6]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production 3.1 Casting
3.2 Filming
4 Release 4.1 Critical reception
4.2 Accolades
5 Accusations of homophobia and sexism
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

Plot
Clarice Starling is pulled from her training at the FBI Academy at Quantico, Virginia by Jack Crawford of the Bureau's Behavioral Science Unit. He tasks her with interviewing Hannibal Lecter, a former psychiatrist and incarcerated cannibalistic serial killer, believing Lecter's insight might be useful in the pursuit of a serial killer nicknamed "Buffalo Bill", who skins his female victims' corpses.
Starling travels to the Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane, where she is led by Frederick Chilton to Lecter's solitary quarters. Although initially pleasant and courteous, Lecter grows impatient with Starling's attempts at "dissecting" him and rebuffs her. As she is leaving, one of the prisoners flicks semen at her. Lecter, who considers this act "unspeakably ugly", calls Starling back and tells her to seek out an old patient of his. This leads her to a storage shed where she discovers a man's severed head. She returns to Lecter, who tells her that the man is linked to Buffalo Bill. He offers to profile Buffalo Bill on the condition that he be transferred away from Chilton, whom he detests.
When Buffalo Bill kidnaps a U.S. Senator's daughter, Catherine Martin, Crawford authorizes Starling to offer Lecter a fake deal promising a prison transfer if he provides information that helps find Buffalo Bill and rescue the abductee. Instead, Lecter begins a game of quid pro quo with Starling, offering comprehensive clues and insights about Buffalo Bill if Starling will give him information about her own past, something she was advised not to do. Chilton secretly records the conversation and reveals Starling's deal as a sham before offering to transfer Lecter in exchange for a deal of Chilton's own making. Lecter agrees and is flown to Memphis, Tennessee, where he reveals personal information on Buffalo Bill to federal agents.
As the manhunt begins, Starling visits Lecter at his special cell in a Tennessee courthouse and confronts him with her decryption of the name he provided ("Louis Friend", an anagram of "iron sulfide", also known as fool's gold). Lecter refuses Starling's pleas for the truth and forces her to recount her traumatic childhood. She tells him how she was orphaned and relocated to a relative's farm in Montana, where she discovered a lamb slaughterhouse and even made a failed attempt to rescue one of them. Lecter gives her back the case files on Buffalo Bill after their conversation is interrupted by Chilton and the police who escort her from the building. Later that evening, Lecter kills his guards, escapes from his cell and disappears.
Starling analyzes Lecter's annotations to the case files and realizes that Buffalo Bill knew his first victim personally. Starling travels to the victim's hometown and discovers that Buffalo Bill was a tailor, with dresses and dress patterns identical to the patches of skin removed from each of his victims. She telephones Crawford to inform him that Buffalo Bill is trying to fashion a "woman suit" of real skin, but Crawford is already en route to make an arrest, having cross-referenced Lecter's notes with hospital archives and finding a man named Jame Gumb, who once applied unsuccessfully for a sex-change operation. Starling continues interviewing friends of Buffalo Bill's first victim in Ohio while Crawford leads an F.B.I. tactical team to Gumb's address in Illinois. The house in Illinois is empty and Starling is led to the house of "Jack Gordon", who she realizes is actually Jame Gumb. She pursues him into his multi-room basement, where she discovers that Catherine is still alive, but trapped in a dry well. After turning off the basement lights, Gumb stalks Starling in the dark with night-vision goggles but gives his position away when he cocks his revolver; Starling turns around just in time and kills him.
Some time later at her FBI Academy graduation party, Starling receives a phone call from Lecter, who is at an airport in Bimini. He assures her that he does not plan to pursue her and asks her to return the favor, which she says she cannot do. Lecter then hangs up the phone, saying that he is "having an old friend for dinner" and begins following a newly arrived Chilton before disappearing into the crowd.
Cast
Jodie Foster as Clarice Starling Masha Skorobogatov as young Clarice
Anthony Hopkins as Dr. Hannibal Lecter
Scott Glenn as Jack Crawford
Ted Levine as Jame "Buffalo Bill" Gumb
Anthony Heald as Dr. Frederick Chilton
Brooke Smith as Catherine Martin
Diane Baker as U.S. Senator Ruth Martin
Kasi Lemmons as Ardelia Mapp
Frankie Faison as Barney Matthews
Tracey Walter as Lamar
Charles Napier as Lt. Boyle
Danny Darst as Sgt. Tate
Alex Coleman as Sgt. Jim Pembry
Dan Butler as Roden
Paul Lazar as Pilcher
Ron Vawter as Paul Krendler
Roger Corman as F.B.I. Director Hayden Burke
Chris Isaak as S.W.A.T. Commander
Harry Northup as Mr. Bimmel
Don Brockett as cellmate and "Pen Pal"
Production
Casting
The role of Dr. Hannibal Lecter was originally to be played by Gene Hackman, who also wished to direct; but he later withdrew from the project owing to the evolving screenplay's graphic content.[7] Michelle Pfeiffer was offered the role of Clarice Starling, but turned it down, later saying, "It was a difficult decision, but I got nervous about the subject matter".[8]
Filming
The Silence of the Lambs was filmed primarily in and around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with some scenes in nearby northern West Virginia.[9] The exterior of the Western Center near Canonsburg, Pennsylvania served as the setting for Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane.
The film was distributed by Orion Pictures.
Release
The Silence of the Lambs was released on February 14, 1991, grossing $13,766,814 during its opening weekend. Surpassing its own budget after one week, the film proved to be a major box office success. At the time it closed on October 10, 1991, the film grossed $130,742,922 domestically with a total worldwide gross of $272,742,922.[2] The film was the fourth highest-grossing film of 1991.[10]
Critical reception
Hopkins, Foster, and Levine garnered much acclaim for their performances. Critics were particularly impressed with Hopkins' performance, even though Hopkins' screen time is only a little more than 16 minutes.[11]
The Silence of the Lambs was a sleeper hit that gradually gained widespread success[12] and critical acclaim; Rotten Tomatoes records that The Silence of the Lambs received a 96% "fresh" rating.[13] Roger Ebert specifically mentioned the "terrifying qualities" of Hannibal Lecter,[14] and later recognized the film as a "horror masterpiece", alongside such classics as Nosferatu, Psycho, and Halloween.[15] However, the film is also notable for being one of two multi-Academy Award winners disapproved of by Ebert's colleague, Gene Siskel, the other being Unforgiven.[16]
Accolades

Academy Awards record
Best Picture, Edward Saxon, Kenneth Utt, Ronald M. Bozman
Best Director, Jonathan Demme
Best Actor, Anthony Hopkins
Best Actress, Jodie Foster
Best Adapted Screenplay, Ted Tally
Golden Globe Awards record
Best Actress, Jodie Foster
British Academy Film Awards record
Best Actor, Anthony Hopkins
Best Actress, Jodie Foster
The film won the Big Five Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Director (Demme), Best Actor (Hopkins), Best Actress (Foster), and Best Writing (Adapted Screenplay) (Ted Tally), making it only the third film in history to accomplish that feat. It was also nominated for Best Sound Mixing (Tom Fleischman and Christopher Newman) and Best Film Editing, but lost to Terminator 2: Judgment Day and JFK, respectively.[17]
Other awards include being named Best Film by the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures, CHI Awards and PEO Awards. Demme won the Silver Bear for Best Director at the 41st Berlin International Film Festival[18] and was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Director. The film was nominated for the prestigious Grand Prix of the Belgian Film Critics Association. It was also nominated for the British Academy Film Award for Best Film. Screenwriter Ted Tally received an Edgar Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay. The film was awarded Best Horror Film of the Year during the 2nd Horror Hall of Fame telecast, with Vincent Price presenting the award to the film's executive producer Gary Goetzman.[19]
In 1998, the film was listed as one of the 100 greatest films in the past 100 years by the American Film Institute.[20] In 2006, at the Key Art Awards, the original poster for The Silence of the Lambs was named best film poster "of the past 35 years".[21]
The Silence of the Lambs placed seventh on Bravo's The 100 Scariest Movie Moments for Lecter's escape scene. The American Film Institute named Hannibal Lecter (as portrayed by Hopkins) the number one film villain of all time[22] and Clarice Starling (as portrayed by Foster) the sixth greatest film hero of all time.[22]
In 2011, ABC aired a prime-time special, Best in Film: The Greatest Movies of Our Time, that counted down the best films chosen by fans based on results of a poll conducted by ABC and People magazine. The Silence of the Lambs was selected as the No. 1 Best Suspense/Thriller and Dr. Hannibal Lecter was selected as the No. 4 Greatest Film Character.
The film and its characters have appeared in the following AFI "100 Years" lists:
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies — #65
AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills — #5
AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains: Hannibal Lecter — #1 Villain
Clarice Starling — #6 Hero
"Buffalo Bill" (Jame Gumb) — Nominated Villain
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes: "A census taker once tried to test me. I ate his liver with some fava beans and a nice Chianti." — #21
"I do wish we could chat longer, but I'm having an old friend for dinner." — Nominated
AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores — Nominated
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) — #74
Accusations of homophobia and sexism
Upon its release, The Silence of the Lambs was criticized by members of the LGBT community for its portrayal of Buffalo Bill as bisexual and transsexual. In response to the critiques, Demme replied that Buffalo Bill "wasn't a gay character. He was a tormented man who hated himself and wished he was a woman because that would have made him as far away from himself as he possibly could be." Demme added that he "came to realize that there is a tremendous absence of positive gay characters in movies."[23]
In a 1992 interview with Playboy magazine, notable feminist and women's rights advocate Betty Friedan stated, "I thought it was absolutely outrageous that The Silence of the Lambs won four [sic] Oscars. [...] I'm not saying that the movie shouldn't have been shown. I'm not denying the movie was an artistic triumph, but it was about the evisceration, the skinning alive of women. That is what I find offensive. Not the Playboy centerfold."[24]
See also

Portal icon United States portal
Portal icon Crime portal
Portal icon Film portal
List of films based on crime books
Silence! The Musical, an unauthorized parody musical adaptation of the film.
References
1.Jump up ^ "THE SILENCE OF THE LAMBS (18)". Rank Film Distributors. British Board of Film Classification. January 8, 1991. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c "The Silence of the Lambs". Box Office Mojo.
3.Jump up ^ Matt Zoller Seitz (2010-09-10). "Trash-talking nine classic movies: "The Silence of the Lambs"". Salon. Retrieved 2012-11-26.
4.Jump up ^ "Academy Awards Best Pictures - Genre Biases". Filmsite.org. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
5.Jump up ^ "An Introduction to the American Horror Film". Mendeley. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
6.Jump up ^ "Silence of the Lambs added to U.S. film archive". BBC. 28 December 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
7.Jump up ^ Kapsis, Robert, E., ed. Jonathan Demme: Interviews (Conversations with Filmmakers Series). Jackson, Mississippi: University of Mississippi, 2009, p. 72-73. ISBN 1-60473-118-4
8.Jump up ^ The Barbara Walters Special, American Broadcast Company, 1992
9.Jump up ^ "City lands good share of movies". The Vindicator. 10 December 1995. Retrieved 30 December 2011.
10.Jump up ^ "1991 Yearly Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved September 21, 2012.
11.Jump up ^ "Oscar fast facts". Retrieved 4 February 2010.
12.Jump up ^ Collins, Jim (1992). Film Theory Goes to the Movies. Routledge. p. 35. ISBN 0-415-90576-1.
13.Jump up ^ "Rotten Tomatoes".
14.Jump up ^ Roger Ebert, The Silence of the Lambs (1991)
15.Jump up ^ Roger Ebert, The Silence of the Lambs (2001)
16.Jump up ^ "The Silence of the Lambs Reviews, Ratings, Credits, and More". Metacritic. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
17.Jump up ^ "The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
18.Jump up ^ "Berlinale: 1991 Prize Winners". berlinale.de. Retrieved 2011-03-26.
19.Jump up ^ 2nd Annual Horror Hall of Fame Telecast, 1991
20.Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies Accessed 14 March 2007. Archived March 5, 2007 at the Wayback Machine
21.Jump up ^ "'Sin City' place to be at Key Art Awards". The Hollywood Reporter. 9 October 2006. Retrieved 7 October 2007
22.^ Jump up to: a b AFI 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains Accessed 14 March 2007. Archived March 12, 2007 at the Wayback Machine
23.Jump up ^ Schmalz, Jeffrey (28 February 1993). "From Visions of Paradise to Hell on Earth". The New York Times.
24.Jump up ^ Interview of Friedan by David Sheff Playboy September 1992, pp. 51-54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 149; reprinted in full in Interviews with Betty Friedan, Janann Sherman, ed. Univ. Press of Mississippi, 2002, ISBN 1-57806-480-5.
External links
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: The Silence of the Lambs
The Silence of the Lambs at the Internet Movie Database
The Silence of the Lambs at the TCM Movie Database
The Silence of the Lambs at Box Office Mojo
The Silence of the Lambs at Rotten Tomatoes
The Silence of the Lambs at Metacritic
The Silence of the Lambs at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Criterion Collection essay by Amy Taubin


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Categories: 1991 films
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1991 horror films
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Films set in Baltimore, Maryland
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Films whose director won the Best Director Academy Award
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Hannibal (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

For the television series, see Hannibal (TV series). For the historical film, see Hannibal (1959 film).

Hannibal
Hannibal movie poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Ridley Scott
Produced by
Ridley Scott
Dino De Laurentiis
Martha De Laurentiis

Screenplay by
David Mamet
Steven Zaillian
Based on
Hannibal
 by Thomas Harris
Starring
Anthony Hopkins
Julianne Moore
Music by
Hans Zimmer
Cinematography
John Mathieson
Editing by
Pietro Scalia
Studio
Scott Free Productions
Distributed by
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Universal Pictures
Release dates
February 9, 2001

Running time
131 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
 Italian
Budget
$87 million[1]
Box office
$351,692,268[1]
Hannibal is a 2001 American crime thriller film directed by Ridley Scott, adapted from Thomas Harris' novel of the same name. It is a sequel to the 1991 Academy Award-winning film The Silence of the Lambs that returns Anthony Hopkins to his iconic role as serial killer Hannibal Lecter. Julianne Moore co-stars, taking over for Jodie Foster in the role of U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation Agent Clarice Starling.
Set ten years after The Silence of the Lambs, the film revolves around Starling's attempts to apprehend Lecter before his surviving victim, Mason Verger (an unbilled Gary Oldman), captures and kills him. The film's locations alternate between Italy and the United States. The film's development drew a large amount of attention, with The Silence of the Lambs director Jonathan Demme, screenwriter Ted Tally and actress Jodie Foster all eventually declining involvement.[2] Upon release, Hannibal broke box office records in the United States, Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom in February 2001.[3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Development 3.1 Background
3.2 Ridley Scott
3.3 Script development
3.4 Casting 3.4.1 Involvement of Jodie Foster
3.4.2 Julianne Moore as Clarice Starling
3.4.3 Anthony Hopkins as Hannibal Lecter
3.4.4 Gary Oldman as Mason Verger
3.4.5 Further casting
3.5 Key production crew
4 Production and post-production 4.1 Background
4.2 Filming locations
4.3 Special make-up effects
4.4 Title sequence
4.5 Music
5 Themes 5.1 Romance
5.2 Retribution and punishment
5.3 Corruption
6 Promotion
7 Release 7.1 Box office
7.2 Reception
8 Home media
9 Differences from the novel
10 Prequel
11 See also
12 References
13 External links

Plot[edit]
Ten years after tracking down serial killer Jame Gumb, FBI Special Agent Clarice Starling (Moore) is unjustly blamed for a bungled drug raid. Starling and her connection to Hannibal Lecter (Hopkins) come to the attention of Lecter's only surviving victim, Mason Verger (Oldman), a wealthy child molester whom Lecter left horribly disfigured and paralyzed after having been assigned as Verger's court-appointed therapist.
Verger uses his immense wealth and political influence to have Starling reassigned to Lecter's case and meets with her in his mansion. Verger is pursuing an elaborate scheme to capture, torture, and kill Lecter, and hopes Starling's involvement will draw him out. Indeed, Lecter sends her a taunting letter after learning of her public disgrace. Though the letter contains no clue to Lecter's whereabouts, Starling detects a strange fragrance that a perfume expert later identifies as a skin cream whose ingredients are only available to a few shops in the world. She contacts the police departments of the cities where the shops are located, requesting surveillance tapes. One of the cities is Florence, where Chief Inspector Rinaldo Pazzi (Giannini) is investigating the disappearance of a library curator. Pazzi questions Lecter, who is masquerading as Dr. Fell, the assistant curator and now caretaker of the library.
Upon recognizing Dr. Fell in the surveillance tape, Pazzi accesses the ViCAP database of wanted fugitives. He learns of Verger's US$3 million reward to anyone turning Lecter over to him rather than to the FBI. Lured by Verger's bounty, Pazzi ignores Starling's warnings against trying to capture Lecter alone. He recruits a pickpocket to obtain a fingerprint of Lecter to show as proof of Lecter's whereabouts and thus collect the reward. Lecter mortally wounds the pickpocket, who nonetheless manages to get the print and provide it to Pazzi, who in turn contacts Verger. Lecter then baits Pazzi into an isolated room of the library, ties him up with electrical cords, and hangs and disembowels him, before escaping back to the United States.
Verger bribes Justice Department official Paul Krendler (Liotta) to accuse Starling of withholding a note from Lecter, leading to her suspension. Lecter lures Starling to Union Station but Verger's men, who have followed Starling, capture Lecter and transport him to Verger. When her superiors refuse to act, Starling, on her own initiative, infiltrates Verger's estate. Verger means to have Lecter eaten alive by a herd of wild boars bred specifically for this purpose. Starling intervenes to free Lecter but is herself wounded, and Lecter rescues her. Verger orders his private physician Cordell (Ivanek) to shoot Lecter, but Lecter persuades Cordell to throw his employer into the pen, where he is killed by the boars.
Lecter takes Starling to Krendler's secluded lake house and treats her wounds. When Krendler arrives for the Fourth of July, Lecter subdues and drugs him. Starling, disoriented by morphine and dressed in a black velvet evening gown, awakens to find Lecter cooking and Krendler in a wheelchair seated at the table set for an elegant dinner. Weakened by the drugs, she looks on in horror as Lecter removes the top of Krendler's skull, cuts out part of his prefrontal cortex, sautées it, and feeds it to Krendler.
After the meal, Starling tries to attack Lecter but he overpowers her. She manages to handcuff his wrist to hers, and with police incoming to the residence, Lecter brandishes a meat cleaver and severs his left hand to escape. Lecter is later seen on a flight with a boxed lunch on his pull-down table. As he prepares to eat his meal, including a small cooked portion of what is assumed to be Krendler's brain, a young boy seated next to him asks to try some of his food. Lecter lets the boy eat some of his lunch, telling him "it is important... to always try new things."
Cast[edit]
Anthony Hopkins as Dr. Hannibal Lecter
Julianne Moore as Clarice Starling
Gary Oldman as Mason Verger
Ray Liotta as Paul Krendler
Frankie Faison as Barney Matthews
Giancarlo Giannini as Chief Inspector Rinaldo Pazzi
Francesca Neri as Allegra Pazzi
Željko Ivanek as Dr. Cordell Doemling
Hazelle Goodman as Evelda Drumgo
David Andrews as FBI Agent Pearsall
Francis Guinan as FBI Asst. Director Noonan
James Opher as DEA Agent John Eldridge
Enrico Lo Verso as Gnocco
Ivano Marescotti as Carlo Deogracias
Danielle de Niese as Beatrice
Development[edit]
Background[edit]
In 1994, a Rolling Stone magazine interviewer asked The Silence of the Lambs director Jonathan Demme about a possible sequel. Demme responded that Thomas Harris, author of The Silence of the Lambs, had been working on the follow-up for "seven or eight years". Demme had an idea even at that time that it would not be a straight follow-up. Harris had told Demme: "I imagine Doctor Lecter going somewhere in Europe... strolling round the streets of Florence or Munich, gazing in the windows of watchmakers..."[4] Demme stated his intention to be involved in the film adaptation of Hannibal in 1998, less than a year before the novel was published.[5]
Dino De Laurentiis produced Michael Mann's film Manhunter in 1986, based on Harris' 1981 novel Red Dragon, featuring the first appearance of Hannibal Lecter, played by Brian Cox. De Laurentiis did not like Mann's film: "Manhunter was no good... it was not Red Dragon," he said. De Laurentiis and his wife Martha (also his co-producer) had no direct involvement in The Silence of the Lambs, a decision De Laurentiis came to regret. They did, however, own the rights to the Lecter character and reportedly allowed Orion Pictures, which produced The Silence of the Lambs, to use the character of Lecter for free, not wishing to be "greedy". When The Silence of the Lambs became a commercial and critical success in 1991, winning five Academy Awards, both Dino and Martha De Laurentiis found themselves sitting on a valuable asset and eager for a follow-up novel they could adapt. After a lengthy wait, De Laurentiis finally received a call from Harris telling him he had finished the sequel to The Silence of the Lambs and De Laurentiis purchased the rights for a record $10 million.[6]
In April 1999, the Los Angeles Times reported that the budget for an adaptation of Hannibal could cost as much as $100 million. It speculated that both Jodie Foster and Anthony Hopkins would receive $15 million each to reprise their roles and "$5 million to $19 million for director Jonathan Demme." The newspaper further reported: although The Silence of the Lambs cost only $22 million, this would not deter the studio from going ahead with Hannibal. Mort Janklow, Harris' agent at the time, told the Los Angeles Times that Foster, Hopkins, and Demme would soon receive manuscripts of the novel, claiming it would make an unbelievable film.[7]
The book sold out of its initial 1.6 million print run in the summer of 1999.[8] Hannibal went on to sell millions of copies following its release.[9]
Demme informed the producers of Hannibal that he would pass on directing Hannibal.[5] It has been claimed Demme turned down the project because he found the material "lurid"[10] and was averse to the book's "gore".[11] De Laurentiis said of Demme's decision to decline: "When the pope dies, we create a new pope. Good luck to Jonathan Demme. Good-bye."[6] He has since added that Demme felt he could not make a sequel as good as The Silence of the Lambs.[12]
Ridley Scott[edit]
De Laurentiis visited Ridley Scott on the set of Gladiator and suggested to Ridley he read the novel he had bought the rights to.[12] Scott was in the third week before principal photography was due to finish on Gladiator.[5] Gladiator became a commercial and critical success, earning 12 Academy Award nominations.[9] De Laurentiis asked Scott if he would like to direct the film version of Hannibal. Scott misunderstood which Hannibal he meant, thinking De Laurentiis was speaking of the general and historical figure from Carthage who nearly brought down the Roman Empire back around 200 B.C., so he replied: "Basically, Dino, I'm doing a Roman epic right now. I don't wanna do elephants coming over the Alps next, old boy."[5] Scott read the manuscript in four sittings within a week, believing it to be a "symphony", and expressed his desire to do it.[5] Scott further explains how he got involved: "I was shooting Gladiator in Malta and one day, for the hell of it, I went for a walk for half a mile down the road to the Malta Film Studio to see my old buddy Dino. I had not seen him since I'd worked on a version of Dune. This was pre-Blade Runner. Dino had pursued me to direct Dune and another film. He's always enthusiastic and aggressive and came after me when I did both Blade Runner and Alien, but I couldn't do the films. Anyway, we had an espresso together and a few days later, he called me to ask if he could visit the Gladiator set. He arrived with a manuscript of Hannibal, about a month before it was published in book form. He said: 'Let's make this one.' I haven't read anything so fast since The Godfather. It was so rich in all kind of ways."[8]
Although Scott had accepted the job Demme had rejected, he said: "My first question was: 'What about Jonathan?' and they said: 'The original team said it's too violent.' I said, 'Okay. I'll do it.'" Scott did, himself, have some uncertainty with the source material. He had difficulties with the ending of the novel in particular: "I couldn't take that quantum leap emotionally on behalf of Starling. Certainly, on behalf of Hannibal – I'm sure that's been in the back of his mind for a number of years. But for Starling, no. I think one of the attractions about Starling to Hannibal is what a straight arrow she is." (In the novel, Lecter and Starling end up an actual couple on the run together.) He also "didn't buy the book from the opera scene onwards, which became like a vampire movie." He asked Harris if he was "married to his ending". Harris said he was not, so he changed it.[8]
Script development[edit]
Ted Tally, the screenwriter for The Silence of the Lambs, was another key member of the original team to decline involvement in Hannibal (he won an Academy Award for his Silence adaptation). Tally, like Demme, had problems with the novel's "excesses".[10]
Steven Zaillian (writer of Schindler's List) was offered the chance to write the adaptation after Tally passed, but he also declined. He explained that "I was busy. And I wasn’t sure I was interested. You can almost never win when you do a sequel."[6] David Mamet was the first screenwriter to produce a draft, which, according to Ridley Scott and the producers, needed major revisions.[6] Stacey Snider, co-chairman of Universal Pictures (a co-production deal was struck between Universal and MGM) said on the rejection of Mamet's screenplay: "There's no way David was going to read 15 pages of our notes and then be available to work on the script day-to-day."[7] Mamet was preparing to direct his own film.[6] Zaillian, who had already passed, reconsidered and became involved in the project, saying: "It's hard to say no to Dino once and it's almost impossible to say no to him twice."[6] A script review at ScreenwritersUtopia.com describes the Mamet draft as "stunningly bad" but found Zaillian's rewrite to be "gripping entertainment".[13]
This question (regarding the script development) was put to Ridley Scott by Total Film magazine: "There were lots of rewrites on Hannibal – what was the main problem with the original material?" Scott replied: "That's inaccurate, because there were very few rewrites once I brought in Steve Zaillian. If you were to ask who were the best three screenwriters in the business, Steve Zaillian would be one of them. We discussed Hannibal endlessly."[8] Asked if he had read Mamet's draft, he said: "Yes. He is very fast, very efficient, but he was off doing a film. 'Hannibal' was green lit and his first draft only took about a month. But I was scared that he would not be able to give me enough attention, because that draft needed a lot of work. So I moved on basically."[8] Scott has said there were writing and "structural problems" as to what they would do with parts of the film.[14] One of Zaillian's key objectives was to revise the script by David Mamet until it pleased all parties, meaning the "love" story would need to be done by suggestion instead of by "assault".[15] Scott worked through the script with Zaillian for 28 days making him "sweat through it with him and discuss every inch of the way with him." After 25 days Scott suddenly realized that Zaillian was "exorcising the 600 pages of the book. He was distilling through discussion what he was gonna finally do...Frankly I could have just made it."[5]
Casting[edit]
It was unclear if Jodie Foster (Clarice Starling) and Anthony Hopkins (Hannibal Lecter) would reprise their respective roles for which they won Academy Awards in The Silence of the Lambs (best actress/actor).[7] It became apparent that the producers and the studio could do without one of the original "stars" (and would go on to find a replacement). The withdrawal of both Foster and Hopkins could possibly have been terminal for the project, however. De Laurentiis confirmed this after the film's release: "First and foremost, I knew we had no movie without Anthony Hopkins."[12]
Involvement of Jodie Foster[edit]
Regarding her involvement in a sequel to The Silence of the Lambs, Foster confirmed to Larry King in 1997 that she "would definitely be part of it".[8] She told Entertainment Weekly magazine in 1997 that "Anthony Hopkins always talks about it. I mean, everybody wants to do it. Every time I see him, it's like: 'When is it going to happen? When is it going to happen?'"[16] De Laurentiis thought Foster would decline once she read the book, even believing the final film was better for it.[5] Hopkins also had doubts Foster would be involved, saying he had a "hunch" she would not be.[5] Foster did turn it down, confirming this in late December 1999.[17] This would cause problems for the studio, Universal and partner MGM.[6][16] "The studio is just back from the holiday and is regrouping based on the news, and has no cohesive game plan at the moment," said Kevin Misher, Universal's President of Production.[6] Misher added that, "It was one of those moments when you sit down and think, 'Can Clarice be looked upon as James Bond for instance? A character who is replaceable?' Or was Jodie Foster Clarice Starling, and the audience will not accept anyone else?"[6] Foster said in December 1999 that the characterization of Starling in Hannibal had "negative attributes" and "betrayed" the original character.[17] Foster's spokeswoman said the actress declined because Claire Danes had become available for Foster's own project, Flora Plum.[18] Salary demands may also have played a part in Foster's non-participation. De Laurentiis said, "I call the agent of Judy [sic] Foster. He say to me 'I have instruction. She no want to read the script if you no give her an offer of $20m and 15% of the gross.' And I say, 'Give my love to Judy [sic] Foster, goodbye.'"[6] Entertainment Weekly magazine described the project as becoming "a bloody mess, hemorrhaging talent and money" despite Hopkins being on-board.[16] Foster talked about Hannibal in an interview with Total Film magazine in late 2005. She said: "The official reason I didn't do Hannibal is I was doing another movie, Flora Plum. So I get to say, in a nice dignified way, that I wasn't available when that movie was being shot...Clarice meant so much to Jonathan and I, she really did, and I know it sounds kind of strange to say but there was no way that either of us could really trample on her."[19]
Julianne Moore as Clarice Starling[edit]
When it became clear that Foster would skip Hannibal, the production team considered several different actresses,[5] including Cate Blanchett, Angelina Jolie, Gillian Anderson, Hilary Swank, Ashley Judd, Helen Hunt and Julianne Moore.[6] Hopkins asked his agent if he had any "power" over casting. He informed De Laurentiis that he knew Julianne Moore, with whom he had worked on Surviving Picasso, and thought her a "terrific actress".[5] Although Hopkins' agent told him he had no contractual influence on casting, Scott thought it correct to discuss who would be Hopkins' "leading lady".[5] Scott said he was "really surprised to find that I had five of the top actresses in Hollywood wanting it."[8] Moore would eventually secure the part. Scott said his decision was swayed in favor of Moore because: "She is a true chameleon. She can be a lunatic in Magnolia, a vamp in An Ideal Husband, a porn star in Boogie Nights and a romantic in The End of the Affair."[8] "Julianne Moore, once Jodie decided to pass, was always top of my list," said Scott on his female lead.[14] Moore talked about stepping into a role made famous by another actress: "The new Clarice would be very different. Of course people are going to compare my interpretation with that of Jodie Foster's...but this film is going to be very different."[20]
Anthony Hopkins as Hannibal Lecter[edit]
Hopkins was generally expected to reprise his Academy Award-winning role. Hopkins did say in June 1999 that he would only be interested if the script was "really good".[7] Hopkins says on the making-of feature on DVD that he couldn’t make up his mind to commit. "I was kind of surprised by this book, Hannibal. I thought it was really overreaching and so bizarre. So I couldn’t make up my mind about it all. Some of it I found intriguing, some I was a little doubtful about."[5] When the producers confirmed that they were going to film Harris' novel, Hopkins told them yes, but added: "It needs some condensing."[5] The Hollywood Reporter would confirm that Hopkins had agreed to reprise his role in late December 1999, saying he had approved the latest draft of the script by Steven Zaillian.[21] Hopkins said he had no difficulty moving back into "Lecter's mind". "I just learned the lines and showed up and walked around as Hannibal Lecter. I thought, 'Do I repeat that same performance, or do I vary it?' Ten years had passed so I changed a bit."[6] In the book, Lecter uses bandages to disguise himself as a plastic surgery patient. This was left out of the film because Scott and Hopkins agreed to leave the face alone.[22] Hopkins explains why: "It's as if he's making a statement – 'catch me if you can'. With his big hat, he's so obvious that nobody thinks he's Hannibal Lecter. I've always thought he's a very elegant man, a Renaissance man."[22] In the film, Lecter is first seen in Florence "as the classical Lecter, lecturing and being smooth", according to Hopkins.[23] When the film moves to the US, Hopkins changed his appearance by building up muscle and cropping his hair short "to make him like a mercenary, that he would be so fit and so strong that he could just snap somebody in two if they got... in his way".[23]
“ He's still the sort of Robin Hood of killers. He kills the—what do they call them? The terminally rude. ”
— Anthony Hopkins on Hannibal Lecter.[23]

Gary Oldman as Mason Verger[edit]
The part of Mason Verger, one of Lecter's two surviving victims, was originally offered to Christopher Reeve based on his work as a wheelchair-bound police officer in Above Suspicion (1995). Not having read the novel, Reeve showed initial interest in the role, but ultimately declined upon realizing that Verger was a quadriplegic, facially-disfigured child rapist.[24][25] The part was later accepted by secondary choice Gary Oldman. Co-producer Martha De Laurentiis claimed they had a "funny situation" with Oldman wanting a prominent "credit".[6] She said: "Now how can you have a prominent credit with Hannibal? The characters are Hannibal and Clarice Starling. So we really couldn’t work something out (at first)."[6] Oldman was apparently "out" of the film for a while, but then came back in, asking to go "unbilled".[6] Oldman would become transformed and "unrecognizable as himself" to play the part of Verger. He would have no lips, cheeks or eyelids. Make-up artist Greg Cannom said: "It's really disgusting... I've been showing people pictures [of Oldman as Verger], and they all just say 'Oh my God,' and walk away, which makes me very happy."[6] Oldman said that having his name completely removed from the billing and credits allowed him to "do it anonymously" under the heavy make-up.[26]
Further casting[edit]
Other stars subsequently cast included Ray Liotta as U.S. Justice Department official Paul Krendler (the character had appeared in The Silence of the Lambs, but original actor Ron Vawter had died in the interim) and Italian actor Giancarlo Giannini as Detective Rinaldo Pazzi. Francesca Neri played Pazzi's wife, Allegra. Frankie Faison reprised his role as orderly Barney Matthews.
Key production crew[edit]
Scott recruited key production crew whom he had worked with previously. Production designer Norris Spencer had worked on Thelma & Louise, Black Rain and 1492: Conquest of Paradise. Cinematographer John Mathieson, editor Pietro Scalia and composer Hans Zimmer had all worked on Scott's previous film, Gladiator.[27]
Production and post-production[edit]
Background[edit]
Hannibal was filmed in 83 working days over 16 weeks.[28] The film began production on May 8, 2000 in Florence.[28] The film visited key locations in Florence and various locations around the United States.[27] Martha De Laurentiis said the film has almost a hundred locations and that it was a "constant pain of moving and dressing sets. But the locations were beautiful. Who could complain about being allowed to shoot in Palazzo Vecchio in Florence? Or President James Madison's farm in Montpelier or the amazing Biltmore Estate in Asheville?"[27] Eighty million dollars and a year and a half in production were spent before Scott got his first look at Hannibal in the editing room.[29]
Filming locations[edit]
The whole second act of Hannibal takes place in Florence. Ridley Scott had never filmed there before, but described it as "quite an experience...It was kind of organized chaos... We were there at the height of tourist season."[27] Within Florence, the production would visit various locations such as the Palazzo Capponi (as Dr. Fell's workplace), the Ponte Vecchio, the Palazzo Vecchio, the Pharmacy of Santa Maria Novella and the Cathedral.[27]
After leaving Italy on June 5, 2000, the production moved to Washington, D.C. Filming took place over six days at Union Station.[27] The unusual sight of a carousel would appear in the transportation hub and shopping plaza at Ridley Scott's request.[27]
Filming would last for seven weeks in Richmond, Virginia[27] for the shootout in a crowded fish market (shot at Richmond Farmer's Market) early in the film. Julianne Moore underwent Federal Bureau of Investigation training at the Bureau's headquarters before filming.[27]
A barn in Montpelier, Virginia, situated on the estate of President James Madison, was used to house 15 "performing hogs".[27] The fifteen Russian boars used in the shoot, were from a selection of around 6,000 of which the animal wranglers looked at.[27]
Biltmore Estate in Asheville, North Carolina, the biggest privately owned estate in the U.S., was chosen to signify the huge personal wealth of Mason Verger.[5]
Special make-up effects[edit]
Make-up artist Greg Cannom was pleased to be involved in Hannibal as it offered him the chance to produce "incredible and original make-ups".[5] For Mason Verger, the make-up team would initially produce 20 different heads which looked like zombies and did not reflect the vision Scott had of the character; Scott wanted Verger to look real with hideous scarring, and not something from the "House of Wax".[5] Scott himself would actually call up the help of expert doctors in an effort to get the look of the character as realistic as possible.[5] Scott showed the make-up team pictures of foetal things, which he thought touching; he wanted to make Mason Verger more touching than monstrous, as he thought of Verger as being someone who hadn’t lost his sense of humour...almost sympathetic.[5] Oldman would spend six hours a day in make-up to prepare for the role.[5]
For one of the film's final and infamous scenes, an exact duplicate was created of the character Paul Krendler, played by Ray Liotta, a scene which blended make-up, puppet work and CGI in a way which Scott called "seamless".[5]
Title sequence[edit]
The main titles were designed by Nick Livesey, a graduate of the Royal College of Art who worked for one of Scott's production companies in London. The sequence, shot in Florence by Livesey himself was intended as the film's second promotional trailer.[5] The studio thought it not "quite right", but it remained on Scott's mind and would eventually end up as the main title sequence.[5] Livesey would gather footage of pigeons in an empty square in Florence early one morning which, in the final cut, would morph into the face of Hannibal Lecter.[5] Scott believed it a good idea, as it fundamentally asked the question: 'Where is Hannibal Lecter?' Scott explains: "And of course this story tells it, with pigeons in the cobblestones of somewhere, where you wonder where that is...and there he is[...] his face appears."[5] The titles are said to have been influenced by the film Se7en.[30]
Music[edit]
Ridley Scott worked very closely with composer Hans Zimmer, during post-production on Hannibal.[5] Scott believes the music to a film is as important as dialogue – "It is the final adjustment to the screenplay, being able to also adjust the performance of the actors in fact."[5] Zimmer and Scott sat in during the editing process with editor Pietro Scalia to discuss scenes in the film and "not music".[5] Zimmer used a symphony orchestra for the opera sequence, but would mostly use what he described as a "very odd orchestra...only cellos and basses all playing at the extreme ends of their range." This was done to emphasise the character of Hannibal Lecter. He explains: "Anthony's character is for me somebody at the extreme range of whatever is humanly imaginable somehow." Zimmer also did not want the score to sound like a "modern day orchestra".[5] The character Mason Verger had his own "theme", which become more "perverted" as the film progressed, according to Zimmer.[5] Dante's sonnet was put to music by Zimmer and Patrick Cassidy for the opera scene in Florence.[31] Tracksounds.com wrote positively of Zimmer's score. "Zimmer truly crafts a score worthy of most fans' full attention...the classical elements, and yes, even the monologue combine to make this an intense listening experience."[13] In a poll by British Classic FM listeners to find the greatest film soundtrack of all time, Hannibal ranked at No. 59.[32] Strauss's The Blue Danube is also played at several points in the film.
Themes[edit]
Romance[edit]
Scott has said he believes the underlying emotion of Hannibal is "affection". "In some instances, you might even wonder or certainly from one direction – is it more than affection?[5] It is dark, because the story is of course essentially dark, but it's kind of romantic at the same time."[5] Scott openly admits to a "romantic thematic" running though the film.[5] He told CNN that: "Hannibal was quite a different target, essentially a study between two individuals. Funny enough, it's rather romantic and also quite humorous, but also there's some quite bad behaviour as well."[9] During the opera scene in Florence, Lecter attends an operatic adaptation of one of Dante's sonnets, and meets with Detective Pazzi and his wife, Allegra. She asks Lecter, "Do you believe a man could become so obsessed by a woman after a single encounter?" Lecter replies: "Yes, I believe he could... but would she see through the bars of his plight and ache for him?" This scene, in the film, is one which Scott claims most people "missed" the meaning of. It was in reference to Starling – to their encounter in The Silence of the Lambs.[14] The New York Times, in its review of the film, said Hannibal, "toys" with the idea of "love that dare not speak its name".[30] Composer Hans Zimmer believes there to be "many" messages and subtext in each scene of the film.[5] He said, "I can score this movie truly as a Freudian archetypal beauty and the beast fairy tale, as a horror movie, as the most elegant piece, on corruption in the American police force, as the loneliest woman on earth, the beauty in renaissance..."[5] Zimmer ultimately believes it to be a dark love story, centering on two people who should never be together – a modern day Romeo and Juliet.[5] During the film's post-production, Scott, Zimmer and the editor passionately argued about what a single shot meant, where a tear slides down Starling's cheek during a confrontation with Lecter. They could not agree if it was a tear of "anguish", "loneliness" or "disgust".[5] Scott told the New York Post that, the affair of the heart between Lecter and Starling is "metaphorical".[33] Rolling Stone magazine even said in their review, "Scott offers a sly parody of relationships – think "When Hannibal met Sally."[15]
Retribution and punishment[edit]
Ridley Scott has said that he believes Lecter, in his own way, to be "pure" – one of the key motivating factors for the character is the search for "retribution and punishment".[14]
"There is something very moral about Lecter in this film," said Scott in his audio commentary. "The behaviour of Hannibal is never insane – [I] didn't want to use that excuse. Is he insane? No, I think he's as sane as you or I. He just likes it."[14] Scott did say, however, "In our normal terms, he's truly evil."[14] Scott also brings up the notion of absolution in reference to Lecter towards the film's end.[14] Verger has one overriding objective in life: to capture Lecter and subject him to a slow, painful death. In this way, he replaces Lecter as the film's antagonist.[34]
Corruption[edit]
Part of the story involves the character Rinaldo Pazzi (Giancarlo Giannini), a Florentine policeman who learns "Dr. Fell"'s true identity and realizes that this knowledge could make him rich. His escalating abandonment of morality allows him to countenance and facilitate the death of a gypsy pickpocket, egged on by the desire to have the best for his much younger wife.[14] There is a moment in the film when Pazzi becomes corrupted, despite being what Scott describes as "very thoughtful".[14] Paul Krendler also succumbs to greed and corruption. Starling does not, however, and perseveres to the end, even refusing to release Lecter when she believes he is about to cut off her hand in order to free himself.
Promotion[edit]
The first trailer appeared in theaters and was made available via the official website in early May 2000, over nine months before the film's release. As the film had only just begun production, footage was used from The Silence of the Lambs. A second trailer, which featured footage from the new film, was released in late November 2000. In marketing the film, Hopkins' portrayal of Hannibal Lecter was chosen as the unique selling point of Hannibal. "Mr Hopkins is the draw here", said Elvis Mitchell in a 2001 The New York Times article.[35] A poster released in the U.K. to promote Hannibal, featuring Lecter with a "skin mask" covering the right side of his face, was quickly removed from circulation as it was deemed "too shocking and disturbing for the public."[36]
Upon its release, Hannibal was met with significant media attention,[31][37] with the film's stars and director making several appearances on television, in newspapers and in magazines.[38] In an article for CBS News, Jill Serjeant stated that "the long-awaited sequel to the grisly 1991 thriller Silence of the Lambs is cooking up the hottest Internet and media buzz since the 1999 Star Wars 'prequel'."[38] Stars Anthony Hopkins and Julianne Moore made the covers of a number of magazines, including Vanity Fair, Entertainment Weekly, Premiere[37] and Empire.
Release[edit]
Box office[edit]
Hannibal grossed $58 million (U.S.) in its opening weekend (from 3,230 screens). At the time (February 2001) this was the third-biggest debut ever—only 1997'sThe Lost World: Jurassic Park and 1999's Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace grossed more in an opening weekend.[39] As of October, 2012, it ranks 90th all time. It was also, when it was released, the biggest-opening box office for an R-rated film ever.[39] Final domestic box office gross (U.S.) reached $165,092,268, with a worldwide gross of $351,692,268.[1] The film spent three weeks at number one in the U.S. box office chart, and four weeks at number one in the U.K.[40] Hannibal was the tenth highest-grossing film of the year worldwide,[41] in a year which also saw the blockbuster releases of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone and The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring. Hannibal also made over $87,000,000 in U.S. video rentals following release in August 2001.[42]
Reception[edit]
The reviews for Hannibal were mixed.[20][39][43] Time magazine wrote: "A banquet of creepy, gory or grotesque incidents is on display in Hannibal. But this superior sequel has romance in its dark heart." Empire magazine gave it two out of five stars, calling it "...laughable to just plain boring, Hannibal is toothless to the end." David Thomson, writing in the British Film Institute magazine Sight & Sound, praised the film. "It works. It's smart, good-looking, sexy, fun...dirty, naughty and knowing."[43] Thomson does make clear, however, he is a great fan of director Ridley Scott's work.[43] He adds: "It is, literally, that Hannibal Lecter has become such a household joke that he can't be dreadful again. It seems clear that Anthony Hopkins and Scott saw that, and planned accordingly. That's how the movie was saved."[43] Variety magazine in its review said "Hannibal is not as good as Lambs... ultimately more shallow and crass at its heart than its predecessor, Hannibal is nevertheless tantalizing, engrossing and occasionally startling."[44]
A negative review in The Guardian claimed that what was wrong with the film was carried over from the book: "The result is an inflated, good-looking bore of a movie. The Silence of the Lambs was a marvelous thing. This, by contrast is barely okey-dokey."[45] Roger Ebert gave the film a "Thumbs down" rating on the television program At the Movies with Ebert & Roeper and gave the film a 2.5 out of 4 stars rating in his print review, which he began with the following: "Ridley Scott's Hannibal is a carnival geek show. We must give it credit for the courage of its depravity; if it proves nothing else, it proves that if a man cutting off his face and feeding it to his dogs doesn't get the NC-17 rating for violence, nothing ever will."[46] Hannibal has an overall Metacritic rating of 57 out of 100 from 36 reviews[citation needed] and a Rotten Tomatoes rating of 39 percent, with an average rating of 5.1 out of 10 from 163 reviews.[citation needed]
Home media[edit]
Hannibal is available as a one-disc and two-disc DVD. The two disc DVD contains an array of special features including: Commentary by director Ridley Scott, deleted and alternate scenes, five production featurettes and a "marketing gallery" which contains trailers, production stills and unused poster concepts.
A special "steel-book" edition of Hannibal was released in 2007. There are no significant changes made to the DVD itself; only the package artwork was changed.
The film was originally released as part of The Hannibal Lecter Collection on Blu-ray in 2009. It has most recently been re-released as a stand-alone release in 2011.
Differences from the novel[edit]
According to Variety magazine, the script for Hannibal was: "...quite faithful to the Harris blueprint; fans of the tome may regret the perhaps necessary excision of some characters, most notably Mason Verger's muscle-bound macho sister Margot, as well as the considerable fascinating academic detail, but will basically feel the book has been respected (yes, even the climactic dinner party is served up intact, with the only surprise twists saved for its wake)."[44] Time Out noted: "The weight-watchers script sensibly dispenses with several characters to serve a brew that's enjoyably spicy but low on substance. So much story is squeezed into 131 minutes that little time's left for analysis or characterization."[47] Producer Dino De Laurentiis was asked why some characters, notably Jack Crawford, were left out of the film: "I think if you get a book which is 600 pages, you have to reduce it to a script of 100 pages. In two hours of film, you cannot possibly include all the characters. We set ourselves a limit, and cut characters which weren't so vital."[48]
In the book, Mason Verger runs an orphanage, from which he calls children to verbally abuse as a substitute for his no longer being able to molest them. He also has a sister, Margot, whom he had raped when they were children and who is a lesbian. When she disclosed her sexual orientation to her family, their father disowned her. As she is sterile due to steroid abuse, Verger exerts some control over her by promising her a semen sample with which to impregnate her lover, who could then inherit the Verger fortune. Also, in the novel, Verger literally has no face and has to be kept in a sterile room at all times to keep bacteria from affecting exposed muscle and tissues. At the book's end, Margot and Starling both help Lecter escape during a shootout between Starling and Verger's guards. Margot, at Lecter's advice, stimulates her brother to ejaculate with a rectally inserted cattle prod, and then kills him by ramming his pet Moray eel down his throat.
The book's controversial ending has Lecter presenting Starling with the exhumed bones of her father, which he "brings to life" by hypnotizing Starling, allowing her to say goodbye. This forges an odd alliance between Starling and Lecter, culminating in their becoming lovers and escaping to Argentina. At the novel's end, Barney sees them at the Teatro Colón of Buenos Aires.
Also gone from the film are the flashbacks to Lecter's childhood, in which he sees his younger sister, Mischa, eaten by German deserters in 1944. These flashbacks formed the basis for the 2007 film Hannibal Rising (written concurrently with the 2006 novel of the same name) which portrays Lecter as a young man.
Hopkins was asked in an interview on the subject of whether or not he believed the idea of Starling and Lecter heading off into the sunset as lovers (as happens in the book). "Yes, I did. Other people found that preposterous. I suppose there's a moral issue there. I think it would have been a very interesting thing though. I think it would have been very interesting had she gone off, because I suspected that there was that romance, attachment there, that obsession with her. I guessed that a long time ago, at the last phone call to Clarice, at the end of SotL, she said, 'Dr. Lecter, Dr. Lecter...'."[49]
Prequel[edit]
Main articles: Red Dragon (film) and Hannibal Rising (film)
See also[edit]

Portal icon Film portal
Vide Cor Meum – the song from the opera in Florence
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c "Hannibal (2001)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 6 March 2009.
2.Jump up ^ Jolin, Dan. "Hannibal film review". Total Film. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
3.Jump up ^ "Taste of success". The Independent (London). 20 February 2001. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
4.Jump up ^ "Rolling Stone". Archived from the original on 15 December 2006. Retrieved 6 March 2007.
5.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Hannibal DVD "Making of feature"
6.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Bernstein, Jill (9 February 2001). "How Hannibal came to be made". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 6 March 2007.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c d "News articles". IMDB. Retrieved 6 March 2007.
8.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Interview with Ridley scott". Total Film. March 2001.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c "Bloody 'Hannibal' lacks bite of 'Lambs'". CNN. 8 February 2001. Retrieved 6 March 2007.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Morris, Mark (4 February 2001). "Pleased to eat you". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 7 March 2007.
11.Jump up ^ Flynn, Gillian (11 October 2002). "Rebirth of Cruel". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 12 June 2007.
12.^ Jump up to: a b c Prigge, Steven (2004). Movie Moguls Speak: Interview with top film producers. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1929-6.
13.^ Jump up to: a b "Script Review: Hannibal". ScreenwriterUtopia. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
14.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Hannibal DVD "Ridley Scott commentary"
15.^ Jump up to: a b Travers, Peter. "Hannibal—Rolling Stone Review". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
16.^ Jump up to: a b c Fierman, Daniel (17 March 2000). "Killer Instinct". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 12 June 2007.
17.^ Jump up to: a b "Lambs 'in doubt' without Foster". BBC. 6 January 2000. Retrieved 7 March 2007.
18.Jump up ^ "Foster passes on Lambs sequel". BBC. 29 December 1999. Retrieved 7 March 2007.
19.Jump up ^ "The Total Film Interview: Jodie Foster". Total Film. Retrieved 7 March 2007.
20.^ Jump up to: a b Rob, Brian (2005). Ridley Scott: Pocket Essential. Pocket Essentials. ISBN 978-1-904048-47-3.
21.Jump up ^ "Sir Anthony set for Lambs sequel". BBC. 21 December 1999. Retrieved 7 March 2007.
22.^ Jump up to: a b "Movie Interview: Anthony Hopkins". BBC. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
23.^ Jump up to: a b c Rose, Charlie (30 January 2001). "60 Minutes: Actors' Take On Ridley Scott". CBS News. Retrieved 8 June 2007.
24.Jump up ^ Llenden, Joseph. "You Offered Me What?! Roles Rejected By Great Actors". Total Film. June 2003.
25.Jump up ^ Johnson, Malcolm. "A Heroic Persona". Hartford Courant. October 12, 2004. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
26.Jump up ^ IGN.com: Interview with Gary Oldman
27.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Official Hannibal production notes
28.^ Jump up to: a b Official Hannibal Journal
29.Jump up ^ Rose, Charlie (27 January 2001). "60 Minutes: Ridley Scott". CBS News. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
30.^ Jump up to: a b Mitchell, Elvis (9 February 2001). "FILM REVIEW; Whetting That Large Appetite for Second Helpings". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 March 2007.
31.^ Jump up to: a b Clarke, James (2002). Virgin Film: Ridley Scott. Virgin Books. ISBN 0-7535-0731-5.
32.Jump up ^ "Top 100 movie soundtracks". Classic FM. Retrieved 6 April 2007.
33.Jump up ^ id=5800 "Hannibal News". Counting Down. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
34.Jump up ^ Wilson, Mark (6 February 2001). "Lecter's bloody second course has a hollow centre". The Independent (London). Archived from the original on 4 February 2009. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
35.Jump up ^ Elvis Mitchell (9 Feb 2001). "Hannibal FILM REVIEW; Whetting That Large Appetite for Second Helpings". The New York Times. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
36.Jump up ^ "Hannibal trivia on imdb.com". IMDB. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
37.^ Jump up to: a b Nick Sambides Jr. (8 Feb 2001). "Taking A Bite Out Of Hannibal". cbsnews.com. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
38.^ Jump up to: a b Jill Serjeant (2 Feb 2001). "Appetites Whet For Hannibal". MMI Reuters Limited (CBS News). Retrieved 31 August 2010.
39.^ Jump up to: a b c "Box Office: Hannibal Takes Record-Sized Bite". ABC News. 11 February 2001. Retrieved 8 June 2007.
40.Jump up ^ "Box Office". IMDB Pro. Retrieved 10 April 2007.
41.Jump up ^ "Box-Office data for Hannibal". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 10 March 2007.
42.Jump up ^ "US Video rentals". IMDB. Retrieved 10 April 2007.
43.^ Jump up to: a b c d Thomson, David (2001). "The Riddler Has His Day". Sight & Sound. Retrieved 9 April 2007.
44.^ Jump up to: a b McCarthy, Todd (5 February 2001). "Hannibal Review". Variety. Retrieved 9 April 2007.
45.Jump up ^ Brooks, Xan (16 February 2001). "Hannibal Review". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 9 April 2007.
46.Jump up ^ Roger Ebert (9 February 2001). "Hannibal". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 5 December 2009.
47.Jump up ^ "Hannibal review". Time Out Film Guide. Retrieved 16 April 2007.
48.Jump up ^ Mattram, James; Al Kehoe (2001). "Interview: Dino De Laurentiis". BBC. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
49.Jump up ^ "Interview with Anthony Hopkins". IGN. Retrieved 13 March 2007.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Hannibal (film)
Official website
Hannibal at the Internet Movie Database
Hannibal at the TCM Movie Database
Hannibal at allmovie
Hannibal at Rotten Tomatoes
Hannibal at Metacritic
Hannibal at Box Office Mojo
Unproduced script by David Mamet


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Red Dragon (film)
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Red Dragon
Red Dragon movie.jpg
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Brett Ratner
Produced by
Dino De Laurentiis
Screenplay by
Ted Tally
Based on
Red Dragon
 by Thomas Harris
Starring
Anthony Hopkins
Edward Norton
Ralph Fiennes
Harvey Keitel
Emily Watson
Mary-Louise Parker
Philip Seymour Hoffman
Music by
Danny Elfman
Cinematography
Dante Spinotti
Editing by
Mark Helfrich
Studio
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
 Scott Free Productions
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
Release dates
October 4, 2002

Running time
124 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$78 million[1]
Box office
$209,196,298[1]
Red Dragon is a 2002 American crime thriller film based on Thomas Harris' novel of the same name, featuring psychiatrist and serial killer Dr. Hannibal Lecter. It is a prequel to both The Silence of the Lambs (1991) and Hannibal (2001). The novel had served as the basis for a previous film, 1986's Manhunter, but this film is not considered a remake.[2]
The film was directed by Brett Ratner and written for the screen by Ted Tally, who also wrote the screenplay for the Oscar-winning The Silence of the Lambs. It stars Edward Norton as FBI agent Will Graham and Anthony Hopkins as Lecter, a role he had, by then, played twice before in The Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal. The film also stars Ralph Fiennes, Philip Seymour Hoffman, Mary-Louise Parker, Emily Watson, and Harvey Keitel.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Soundtrack
4 Release 4.1 Box office
4.2 Critical response
4.3 Accolades
5 References
6 External links

Plot[edit]
Psychiatrist Dr. Hannibal Lecter hosts a dinner party in his townhouse in Baltimore, Maryland. On the party, Lecter is later visited by Will Graham, a gifted FBI agent and a psychologist, with whom he has been working on a psychological profile of a serial killer who has removed edible body parts from his victims, leading Graham to believe that the killer could be a cannibal. During the consultation, Graham discovers evidence implicating Lecter in the murders. Lecter attacks Graham, almost disembowelling him, before Graham overpowers Lecter. Lecter is sentenced to life imprisonment in an institution for the criminally insane while Graham, traumatized by the experience, retires from the FBI.
Some years later, another serial killer, nicknamed the "Tooth Fairy", appears. He stalks and kills seemingly random Southern families during sequential full moons. Hoping to capture the killer before his next attack, Special Agent Jack Crawford seeks Graham's assistance in determing his psychological profile. The death of another family weighing on his conscience, Graham reluctantly agrees. After visiting the crime scenes and speaking with Crawford, he concludes that he must once again consult Dr. Lecter for advice.
The "Tooth Fairy" is actually a psychotic named Francis Dolarhyde who kills at the behest of an alternate personality he calls "The Great Red Dragon." He is obsessed with the William Blake painting The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed in Sun, and believes that each victim he "changes" brings him closer to "becoming" the Dragon. His pathology is born from the severe abuse he suffered at the hands of his sadistic grandmother, since he was orphaned after his parents died at young age.
Meanwhile, Freddy Lounds, a tabloid reporter who hounded Graham after Lecter's capture, now follows him for leads on the Tooth Fairy. There is a secret correspondence between Lecter and Dolarhyde. Graham's wife and son are endangered when Lecter gives the Tooth Fairy the agent's home address, forcing them to be relocated to a farm owned by Crawford's brother. Lecter, aware that the police are onto him, raises the stakes: in return for his help, he requests a first-class meal in his cell and the return of his book privileges.
Hoping to lure the Tooth Fairy out of hiding, Graham gives Lounds an interview, in which he disparages the killer as an impotent homosexual to anger the Tooth Fairy. This provokes Dolarhyde, who kidnaps Lounds, glues him to an antique wheelchair, forces him to recant his allegations, bites off his lips and then sets him on fire outside his newspaper's offices as a warning.
Meanwhile, at his job in a St. Louis photo lab, Dolarhyde falls in love with Reba McClane, a blind co-worker, but his Dragon personality demands that he kill her. He takes her home, where they make love. Dolarhyde attempts to stop the Dragon's "possession" of him by going to the Brooklyn Museum and literally consuming the original Blake painting.
Meanwhile, Graham deduces that the killer knew the layout of his victims' houses from their home videos, which he could only have seen if he worked for the editing company that transfers home movies to video cassette and edits them. From this point, he starts searching the companies and their workers so he could determine the real identity of the Tooth Fairy.
At work, Dolarhyde finds McClane with a co-worker, Ralph Mandy, whom she actually dislikes. Enraged for this apparent betrayal, Dolarhyde kills Mandy, kidnaps McClane, takes her to his house, and then sets it on fire. Finding himself unable to shoot her, Dolarhyde shoots himself. McClane is able to escape as the police arrive and the house explodes.
Dolarhyde, having staged his own death, turns up at Graham's home in Florida where he holds Graham's son hostage, threatening to kill him with a piece of broken glass. To defuse the situation, Graham slings insults at his son that are reminiscent of the ones Dolarhyde's grandmother had used against him. Feeling a sudden sympathy for the boy, the enraged Dolarhyde attacks Graham as the boy flees to safety. Both men are severely wounded in a shootout which ends when Graham's wife Molly fatally shoots Dolarhyde.
After the death of Dolarhyde, Graham receives a letter from Lecter, which bids him well, praises him for exposing and killing the Tooth Fairy and hopes that he isn't "too ugly.", since he mocked his appearance and his hair, and tells him they are going to cross paths soon. With the death of Dolarhyde, Graham retires from the FBI once again and continues to have a family life.
Some time later, Lecter's jailer, Frederick Chilton, then tells him that a "young woman from the FBI is here to see you." Lecter asks, "What is her name?"
Cast[edit]
Anthony Hopkins as Hannibal Lecter
Edward Norton as Will Graham
Ralph Fiennes as Francis Dolarhyde
Harvey Keitel as Jack Crawford
Emily Watson as Reba McClane
Mary-Louise Parker as Molly Graham
Philip Seymour Hoffman as Freddy Lounds
Frank Whaley as Ralph Mandy
Anthony Heald as Frederick Chilton
Ken Leung as Lloyd Bowman
Frankie Faison as Barney Matthews
Ellen Burstyn as voice of Grandma Dolarhyde
Tyler Patrick Jones as Josh Graham
Soundtrack[edit]

Red Dragon: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

Soundtrack album by Danny Elfman

Released
September 24, 2002
Recorded
2002
Genre
Classical
Length
57:10
Label
Decca Records
Producer
Mark Helfrich
Brett Ratner
Danny Elfman chronology

Men in Black II
 (2002) Red Dragon
 (2002) Chicago
 (2002)

Red Dragon: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is a soundtrack to the film of the same name, released by Decca Records composed by Danny Elfman, and produced by Mark Helfrich and Brett Ratner. It is released on September 24, 2002 in the United States and Canada.[3]
Track listing
All music composed by Danny Elfman.

No.
Title
Length

1. "Logos"   0:50
2. "The Revelation"   2:41
3. "Main Titles"   3:00
4. "The Cell"   3:27
5. "The Old Mansion"   4:45
6. "The Address"   1:41
7. "We're Different"   1:26
8. "The Note"   2:47
9. "Enter the Dragon"   5:52
10. "Threats"   2:23
11. "Tiger Balls"   1:32
12. "Love on a Couch"   5:09
13. "Devouring the Dragon"   3:43
14. "The Fire"   4:34
15. "The Book"   0:34
16. "He's Back!"   6:08
17. "End Credits Suite"   6:45
Release[edit]
Box office[edit]
Red Dragon was released on October 4, 2002, and opened in 3,357 theaters in the United States, grossing $13,478,355 on its opening day and $36,540,945 on its opening weekend, ranking #1 with a per theater average of $10,885.[4][5] On its second weekend, it remained #1 and grossed $17,655,750 – $5,250 per theater.[6] By its third weekend it dropped down to #3 and made $8,763,545 – $2,649 per theater.[7]
Red Dragon grossed $93,149,898 in the United States and Canada and $116,046,400 overseas. In total, the film has grossed $209,196,298 worldwide.[8]
Critical response[edit]
Red Dragon received positive reviews from critics. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives a score of 69% based on reviews from 185 critics, with the site's consensus that the film is "competently made, but everything is a bit too familiar", and an average score of 6.4/10, making the film "fresh" on the website's rating system.[9] At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 60%, based on 36 reviews, which indicates "mixed or average reviews".[10]
Richard Corliss of the Time magazine gave the film a positive review, stating: "This darkly seductive, flawlessly acted piece is worlds removed from most horror films. Here monsters have their grandeur, heroes their gravity. And when they collide, a dance of death ensues between two souls doomed to understand each other."[11] Todd McCarthy of Variety magazine also gave the film a positive review, saying that the "audiences will be excused for any feelings of déjà vu the new film might inspire. That won't prevent them from watching it in rapt, anxious silence, however, as the gruesome crimes, twisted psychology and deterministic dread that lie at the heart of Harris' work are laid out with care and skill."[12] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three-and-a-half-stars-out-of-four, praising Brett Ratner's directing and the film's atmosphere. He stated: "To my surprise, Ratner does a sure, stylish job, appreciating the droll humor of Lecter's predicament, creating a depraved new villain in the Tooth Fairy (Ralph Fiennes), and using the quiet, intense skills of Norton to create a character whose old fears feed into his new ones. There is also humor, of the uneasy he-can't-get-away-with-this variety, in the character of a nosy scandal-sheet reporter (Philip Seymour Hoffman)."[13] David Sterritt of the Christian Science Monitor gave the film a positive review, stated that "the most refreshing aspect of Red Dragon is its reliance on old-fashioned acting instead of computer-aided gizmos. Hopkins overdoes his role at times -- his vocal tones are almost campy -- but his piercing eyes are as menacing as ever, and Ralph Fiennes is scarily good as his fellow lunatic."[14] David Grove of the Film Threat, who gave the film four-stars-out-of-five, said: "Is Red Dragon a better film than Manhunter? I don’t know. I think it stands on its own, but I wonder how much people who are intimately familiar with Manhunter will be shocked by it, although the ending is altogether different and much more realized, I think.[15] Rick Kisonak, also for the Film Threat has, like Grove, gave the film a positive review and three-stars-out-of-five, saying: "The only downside to this delectable third course? The regrettable likelihood that Lecter fans will have to make do without dessert."[16]
Edward Guthmann of the San Francisco Chronicle, gave the film mixed review, saying that "in Hollywood, where integrity is rapidly consumed and careers defined by market value, there's trash and there's trash with a pedigree."[17] Stephanie Zacharek, for the Salon website, gave the film also mixed review, stating: "If you buy the overprocessed headcheese of the serial killer as refined genius, you'll love Red Dragon. Or maybe not. Even Hannibal Lecter devotees may lose patience with this picture's grandiose, self-serious ponderousness -- that's Lecterese for, "It's kind of boring in patches, actually."[18] William Arnold of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer who gave the film a mixed review, said that the film "basically lives up to the old adage that the final work in a trilogy is invariably the weakest."[19] Michael Atkinson of The Village Voice gave the film a negative review, he stated: "Red Dragon's formula is so risible and rote by now that the natural reaction to scenes of peril, torture, and suffering is flippant laughter."[20]
Accolades[edit]
Red Dragon was nominated for 13 awards, and won several, including Empire Award for Best British Actress (Emily Watson) and Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Feature Film – Young Actor Age Ten or Younger (Tyler Patrick Jones).[21]

Date
Award
Category
Recipient
Result
May 18, 2003 Saturn Awards Best Action/Adventure/Thriller Film
Nominated
Best Supporting Actor Ralph Fiennes Nominated
Best Supporting Actress Emily Watson Nominated
February 5, 2003 Empire Awards Best British Actress Emily Watson Nominated
February 13, 2003 London Film Critics Circle Awards British Supporting Actress of the Year Emily Watson Won
August 2, 2003 Teen Choice Awards Choice Movie – Horror/Thriller
Nominated
March 29, 2003 Young Artist Awards Best Performance in a Feature Film – Young Actor Age Ten or Younger Tyler Patrick Jones Won
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Red Dragon (2002)". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved 2012-03-14.
2.Jump up ^ Priggé, Stephen (2004). "Movie Moguls Speak: Interviews With Top Film Producers" (p. 63). Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company.
3.Jump up ^ "Red Dragon [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]". AllMusic. All Media Guide. Retrieved 2012-07-24.
4.Jump up ^ "Daily Box Office for Friday, October 4, 2002". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved 2012-07-22.
5.Jump up ^ "Weekend Box Office Results for October 4-6, 2002". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved 2012-07-22.
6.Jump up ^ "Weekend Box Office Results for October 11-13, 2002". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved 2012-07-22.
7.Jump up ^ "Weekend Box Office Results for October 18-20, 2002". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved 2012-07-22.
8.Jump up ^ "Red Dragon (2002)". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved 2012-07-22.
9.Jump up ^ "Red Dragon". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved 2012-03-14.
10.Jump up ^ "Red Dragon". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 2012-07-22.
11.Jump up ^ Corliss, Richard (September 30, 2002). "Here Be Monsters". Time. Time Inc. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
12.Jump up ^ McCarthy, Todd (September 26, 2002). "Film Reviews: Red Dragon". Variety. Reed Business Information. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
13.Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (October 4, 2002). "Red Dragon". Chicago Sun-Times. RogerEbert.com. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
14.Jump up ^ Sterritt, David (October 4, 2002). "The doctor is in: Hannibal returns in 'Lambs' prequel". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
15.Jump up ^ Grove, David (October 4, 2002). "Red Dragon". Film Threat. Hamster Stampede LLC. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
16.Jump up ^ Kisonak, Rick (October 8, 2002). "Red Dragon". Film Threat. Hamster Stampede LLC. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
17.Jump up ^ Guthmann, Edward (October 4, 2002). "'Dragon' has no bite / All-star cast fails to make 'Silence of the Lambs' prequel appetizing". San Francisco Chronicle. Hearst Communications Inc. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
18.Jump up ^ Zacharek, Stephanie (October 4, 2002). "Red Dragon". Salon. Salon Media Group, Inc. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
19.Jump up ^ Arnold, William (October 3, 2002). "Lecter series has run its course, but Hopkins is still delicious". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Hearst Communications Inc. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
20.Jump up ^ Atkinson, Michael (October 1, 2002). "Monsters, Inc.". The Village Voice. Village Voice Media Holdings, LLC. Retrieved July 24, 2012.
21.Jump up ^ "Awards for 'Red Dragon'". IMDb. Amazon.com. Retrieved 2012-07-22.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Red Dragon
Red Dragon at the Internet Movie Database
Red Dragon at allmovie
Red Dragon at Rotten Tomatoes
Red Dragon at Box Office Mojo
William Blake's The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed in the Sun


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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter







































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Films directed by Brett Ratner
























 


Categories: 2002 films
English-language films
2000s thriller films
American films
American thriller films
Cannibalism in fiction
Films based on horror novels
Films directed by Brett Ratner
Films set in Baltimore, Maryland
Films set in St. Louis, Missouri
Films set in the 1980s
Films shot anamorphically
Hannibal Lecter
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
Prequel films
Psychological thriller films
Serial killer films
Scott Free Productions films
Universal Pictures films
Film scores by Danny Elfman





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Hannibal Rising (film)
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Hannibal Rising
Hannibalrisingposter.jpg
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Peter Webber
Produced by
Dino De Laurentiis
 Martha De Laurentiis
Tarak Ben Ammar
Screenplay by
Thomas Harris
Based on
Hannibal Rising
 by Thomas Harris
Starring
Gaspard Ulliel
Gong Li
Rhys Ifans
Dominic West
Music by
Ilan Eshkeri
Shigeru Umebayashi
Cinematography
Ben Davis
Editing by
Pietro Scalia
 Valerio Bonelli
Studio
Dino De Laurentiis Company
Distributed by
Momentum Pictures (UK)
 SPI International (Czech Republic)
The Weinstein Company
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (US)
Release dates
7 February 2007 (France)
9 February 2007 (Italy/US/UK)
22 February 2007 (Czech Republic)

Running time
121 minutes[1]
 130 minutes (Extended cut)
Country
France
United Kingdom
United States[2]

Language
English
 German
 Russian
Budget
$50 million[3]
Box office
$82,169,884[4]
Hannibal Rising is a 2007 horror film and the fifth installment of the Hannibal Lecter film series. It is a prequel to the previous three films: Red Dragon, The Silence of the Lambs, and Hannibal. The film is an adaptation of Thomas Harris' 2006 novel of the same name and tells the story of Lecter's evolution into the infamous cannibal/serial killer of the previous films and books.
French actor Gaspard Ulliel portrays Lecter. Anthony Hopkins played the role in three previous films, and Brian Cox portrayed him in Manhunter (1986).
Hannibal Rising was directed by Peter Webber from a screenplay by Harris, and was filmed in Barrandov Studios in Prague. It was produced by the Dino De Laurentiis Company and was released on 9 February 2007. Theatrical distribution in the United States was handled by The Weinstein Company and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The DVD was released on 29 May 2007.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Reception 3.1 Critical response
3.2 Box office
4 Home media
5 References
6 External links

Plot[edit]


 This article's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (September 2013)
In 1944, soon after the Soviet Red Army had taken Lithuania from Germany, the Nazis launch a counter-assault. Eight-year-old Hannibal Lecter, his younger sister, Mischa, and their parents quickly escape to the family's hunting lodge. After the Nazis take over Lecter Castle, six Lithuanian militiamen, who wants to join the Waffen-SS, are told to prove their worth. Their leader, Vladis Grutas, orders them to kill the Lecters' Jewish cook. They also threaten another servant of the Lecter household, asking him if he was a Gypsy or a Jew. As this happens, the Soviet Red Army begins launching attacks to retake the area.
A Soviet tank crew stops at the Lecters' lodge, telling the Lecters to stand away from the house while they get some water. The Soviet soldiers allow Hannibal and Mischa to stay within the lodge, where it is warmer. The Soviet tank is then spotted by a German Stuka bomber, which sparks a firefight. The bomber is shot down by the tank, but subsequently crashes into it, and the ensuing explosion kills everyone who was outside. The Lithuanian Nazi militiamen then loot Lecter Castle as the Soviet Red Army draws nearer. The advancing Soviet army forces the Nazi militiamen to hide out in the woods, where they happen upon the Lecter lodge. Finding no other food in the bitterly cold Baltic winter, they murder and cannibalize Mischa in front of Hannibal, who escapes and is found half-dead by Soviet soldiers.
Eight years later, Lecter once again lives in Lecter Castle, which has been turned into a Soviet-run orphanage. His co-residents are under the impression that he has been rendered mute by his childhood trauma. After exacting his revenge on a bully at the orphanage and retrieving letters from his uncle, Lecter escapes the castle orphanage, gets through border controls and goes to live in Paris with his aunt, Lady Murasaki. She manages to get him to speak and begins teaching him the arts of flower arrangement, martial arts, and ancestor worship.
At a local market, a butcher and former Vichy collaborator, makes racist remarks about Lady Murasaki and sexually harasses her, causing Lecter to fly into a rage and attempt to beat the man to death. The butcher later goes fishing and is disrespectful when Lecter turns up to request an apology. Lecter slices the butcher's stomach, arm and back with a katana samurai sword, and then decapitates him. That same evening, he is questioned about the butcher's murder by Inspector Popil, a French detective who also lost his entire family during the war. While her protégé is being interrogated, Lady Murasaki places the butcher's head outside the headquarters with a swastika carved into his forehead, thus absolving Lecter of suspicion; but Popil is not convinced that Lecter is innocent.
Lecter soon becomes the youngest person ever admitted to medical school in France. He receives a working scholarship, where he is given a job preparing cadavers. One day, Lecter witnesses a condemned war criminal receiving a sodium thiopental injection to force him to recall repressed memories about his crimes. In an attempt to recall the names of those responsible for his sister's murder, Lecter injects himself with the solution while listening to Glenn Gould's recording of the Goldberg Variations. His subsequent recollection reveals that Pot Watcher had the dog tags of the other men who killed Mischa, and was subsequently killed as the advancing Soviet forces bombed a part of the lodge, which collapsed on top of him. Lecter reasons that the dog tags should still be in the ruins of the lodge.
Lecter returns to Lithuania in search of the dog tags, as well as his sister's remains. Because he crosses the Soviet border, a list containing his name draws the attention of the ex-nazi Dortlich, who is now a Soviet border patrol officer. Lecter excavates the ruins of the lodge and unearths the dog tags of the deserters who murdered Mischa. Dortlich tries to kill him, but Lecter gets the upper hand and incapacitates him. After he buries Mischa's remains, Lecter tortures Dortlich into revealing the whereabouts of his accomplices. He then decapitates Dortlich with an elaborate horse-drawn pulley lubricated with mayonnaise. Having killed the first of the men responsible for slaughtering and eating his sister, Lecter returns the favor in kind by cannibalizing Dortlich, making a brochette with his cheeks and wild mushrooms.
One of the pieces of information that Lecter had managed to extract from Dortlich was the location of one of the other men, Kolnas. At a restaurant in Fontainebleau, Lecter encounters Kolnas's young daughter, who, he notices, is wearing a bracelet that Kolnas had stolen from Mischa. Hannibal then distracts her while he slips Kolnas' dog tag into her pocket, which Kolnas subsequently discovers. Lady Murasaki tries to persuade Lecter to spare him, for the sake of his children.
Dortlich's murder, along with Kolnas' discovery of his own dog tag, puts the rest of the group on alert. Grutas, now a sex trafficker, dispatches a second member of the group, Zigmas Milko, to kill Lecter. Milko sneaks into Lecter's laboratory at night with a gun, but Lecter, anticipating an assassination attempt, tricks him with the aid of a cadaver and knocks him out with an injection. Lecter locks Milko in the cadaver tank and leaves him to drown in the embalming fluid just as inspector Popil enters the laboratory.
Popil questions Lecter about Dortlich's murder, but is again unable to prove Lecter's guilt. Popil, dropping all pretences, then tries to dissuade him from killing the rest of the gang and offers to grant him immunity if he helps the police to locate Grutas, who is still a wanted war criminal. After Lecter relays all of the details of his past to the police, Popil remarks to his assistant that Lecter lost all of his humanity when Mischa died, and that when they do arrest Grutas, that he will have Lecter locked up in an asylum as well. That night, Lady Murasaki reveals her romantic feelings to Lecter and begs him to stop, but Lecter says that he made a promise to Mischa. He plants a time bomb in Grutas' home and attacks him in the bath. A maid alerts Grutas' bodyguards, but just as they are about to kill him, Lecter's bomb goes off and he manages to escape.
Grutas kidnaps Lady Murasaki to use her as bait. Lecter recognizes the sounds of Kolnas's ortolans from his restaurant in the background. Lecter goes to the restaurant and manipulates Kolnas into believing that he, Lecter, had kidnapped his children and had already injured them, forcing Kolnas to give up the location of Grutas' boat. Lecter then calls Kolnas' home and hands over the phone to him. Panicked, he shouts at his wife to check on the children, to which she complies and returns to tell him that the children are safe in their beds. Lecter then lays his gun down on the stove between him and Kolnas, saying that he will leave Kolnas alive for the sake of his family. Realizing that he had been duped, Kolnas angrily goes for the gun anyway, but Lecter is ready for this and impales him through the head with his tantō.
Lecter goes to the houseboat. Just as he is about to untie Lady Murasaki, Grutas shoots him in the back. Grutas then proceeds to molest Lady Murasaki in front of Lecter, who then takes out the katana from his back-sheath, which had shattered when blocking the bullet, and slashes Grutas's Achilles tendons with it, crippling him. Hearing Hannibal say he must kill them because they ate his sister, Grutas taunts Lecter with the fact that he too had consumed her in a broth fed to him by the deserters, and that he was killing them to keep this fact secret. A livid Lecter then carves his sister's initial, M, into Grutas's chest.
Lady Murasaki flees in horror. Lecter tries to tell her that he loves her, but she replies that there is nothing left in him to love. Hannibal then proceeds to eat Grutas alive, starting with his cheeks. The houseboat is then incinerated, but Lecter, assumed by Popil to be killed in the blast, is seen by Lady Murasaki emerging from the water on a nearby wooded shore. Lecter is then shown to be hunting down the last member of the group, Grentz, in Canada. Stopping in at a general store run by Grentz, Lecter claims to be eager to collect a big trophy. He then drops Grentz' dog tag on the counter, which he then picks up and looks up at Lecter in horrified realization. The final shot is of Lecter driving away with a children's song (a favorite of Mischa's) being sung in the background.
Cast[edit]
Gaspard Ulliel as Hannibal Lecter Aaran Thomas as young Hannibal Lecter
Gong Li as Lady Murasaki
Dominic West as Inspector Pascal Popil
Rhys Ifans as Vladis Grutas
Helena-Lia Tachovska as Mischa Lecter
Kevin McKidd as Petras Kolnas
Richard Brake as Enrikas Dortlich
Stephen Martin Walters as Zigmas Milko
Ivan Marevich as Bronys Grentz
Charles Maquignon as Paul Momund
Ingeborga Dapkūnaitė as Mrs. Lecter
Beata Ben Ammar as Madam Kolnas
Pavel Bezdek as Dieter
Goran Kostic as Pot Watcher
Robbie Kay as Robert Kay, Kolnas's son
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
Hannibal Rising received a generally negative critical reception, and did not fare as well as the previous films in the series at the box office. Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 15% based on reviews from 143 critics.[5] At Metacritic it received a score of 35% based on reviews from 30 critics, indicating "Generally negative reviews".[6] The film was nominated for two Golden Raspberry awards in the fields of Worst Excuse for a Horror Movie and Worst Prequel or Sequel.
Box office[edit]
The film opened at #2 in the United States with $13.4 million, less than half of the $33.7 million opening of Norbit[7] which was released during the same week as Hannibal Rising. In its second week of release, Hannibal Rising dropped to #7 at the U.S. box office, making $5.5 million, a 59% drop from the previous week. It dropped out of the top 10 U.S. grossing films in its third week of release at #13 with $1,706,165 in revenue, a 69% drop from the previous week. After a theatrical release of 91 days, the final total North American domestic gross of the film was $27,669,725, less than the opening weekend gross of both Hannibal and Red Dragon ($58,003,121 and $36,540,945, respectively).
Home media[edit]
 The DVD was released on 29 May 2007 and sold 480,861 units in the opening weekend, generating revenue of $10,574,133. As of August 2009, the film has grossed $23,242,853 from DVD sales alone. Blu-ray sales or DVD rentals are not included.[8]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "HANNIBAL RISING (18)". British Board of Film Classification. 15 January 2007. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
2.Jump up ^ Harvey, Dennis (February 8, 2007). "Hannibal Rising". Variety. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
3.Jump up ^ Hannibal Rising, The Numbers
4.Jump up ^ Hannibal Rising, Box Office Mojo
5.Jump up ^ Hannibal Rising at Rotten Tomatoes Flixster
6.Jump up ^ Hannibal Rising at Metacritic CBS Interactive
7.Jump up ^ Gwyneth Paltrow finds "Country Strong" a struggle (Reuters), 21 December 2010 Yahoo! Movies: Movie News
8.Jump up ^ Hannibal Rising – DVD Sales. The Numbers. Retrieved on 2010-12-22.
External links[edit]
Official website
Hannibal Rising at the Internet Movie Database
Hannibal Rising at Box Office Mojo
Hannibal Rising at Rotten Tomatoes
Hannibal Rising at Metacritic
Cinefantastique Online Review


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Categories: 2007 films
Hannibal Lecter
2007 horror films
American films
American horror films
British films
British horror films
French films
French horror films
English-language films
German-language films
Russian-language films
Cannibalism in fiction
Films featuring Nazi occultism
Films set in France
Films set in Germany
Films set in Lithuania
Films set in Paris
Films set in the 1940s
Films set in the 1950s
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Hannibal (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search


Hannibal
Hannibal Title Card.png
Genre
Psychological thriller
Psychological horror
Crime drama

Based on
Characters from Red Dragon
 by Thomas Harris
Developed by
Bryan Fuller
Starring
Hugh Dancy
Mads Mikkelsen
Caroline Dhavernas
Hettienne Park
Laurence Fishburne
Scott Thompson
Aaron Abrams

Composer(s)
Brian Reitzell
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
2
No. of episodes
14 (List of episodes)
Production

Executive producer(s)
Bryan Fuller
Martha De Laurentiis
Sidonie Dumas
Christophe Riandee
Katie O'Connell
Elisa Roth
Sara Colleton
David Slade
Chris Brancato
Jesse Alexander
Michael Rymer
Steve Lightfoot

Producer(s)
Carol Dunn Trussell
Michael Wray

Location(s)
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Cinematography
James Hawkinson
Karim Hussain

Running time
42 minutes
Production company(s)
Dino de Laurentiis Company
Living Dead Guy Productions
AXN Original X Productions
Gaumont International Television

Distributor
Sony Pictures Television
Broadcast

Original channel
NBC
Original run
April 4, 2013 – present
External links
Official website
Hannibal is an American psychological thriller–horror television series developed by Bryan Fuller for NBC. The series is based on characters and elements appearing in the novel Red Dragon by Thomas Harris and focuses on the budding relationship between FBI special investigator Will Graham and Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a forensic psychiatrist destined to become Graham's most cunning enemy. The series received a 13-episode order for its first season and, unlike most U.S. network shows, any future seasons will also feature 13 episodes.[1] David Slade executive produced and directed the first episode. The series premiered on NBC on April 4, 2013.[2] On May 30, 2013, Hannibal was renewed for a second season of 13 episodes,[3] which premiered on February 28, 2014.[4]
The series has received critical acclaim, with the performances of the lead actors and the visual style of the show being singled out by critics.[5][6][7]


Contents  [hide]
1 Cast and characters 1.1 Main
1.2 Recurring
2 Setting and storylines
3 Production 3.1 Development
3.2 Casting
3.3 Filming
4 Episodes
5 Domestic broadcast 5.1 Removal from KSL-TV
6 International carriage
7 Reception 7.1 Critical reviews
7.2 Accolades
7.3 Ratings 7.3.1 Seasonal ratings
7.3.2 Weekly ratings

8 Home media releases
9 References
10 External links

Cast and characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Hugh Dancy as Special Agent Will Graham, a gifted criminal profiler and hunter of serial killers. He visualizes himself committing the murders he investigates to understand the killers' behaviors; throughout the series, Graham's involvement with the investigations takes a toll on his psyche.
Mads Mikkelsen as Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant forensic psychiatrist and culinarian (who will later become the infamous cannibalistic serial killer); Lecter develops a keen interest in Will Graham.
Laurence Fishburne as Special Agent-in-Charge Jack Crawford, head of Behavioral Sciences at the FBI and Graham's boss.
Caroline Dhavernas as Dr. Alana Bloom, a psychiatry professor and consultant profiler for the FBI, who has a professional relationship with both Graham and Lecter.
Hettienne Park as Special Agent Beverly Katz, a crime scene investigator specializing in fiber analysis. She is fascinated by Graham and flirts with him often.
Scott Thompson as Dr. Jimmy Price, a crime scene investigator specializing in latent fingerprints.
Aaron Abrams as Brian Zeller, a crime scene investigator.
Recurring[edit]
Kacey Rohl as Abigail Hobbs, daughter of serial killer Garrett Jacob Hobbs, who develops a complicated father-daughter relationship with Lecter.
Vladimir Cubrt as Garrett Jacob Hobbs, a serial killer known as the Minnesota Shrike.
Lara Jean Chorostecki as Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds, a tabloid blogger who runs the true-crime website TattleCrime.
Gillian Anderson as Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier, Lecter's psychotherapist, who was once mysteriously attacked by a former patient of Lecter.
Gina Torres as Phyllis "Bella" Crawford, Jack Crawford's wife who is suffering from terminal lung cancer.
Raúl Esparza as Dr. Frederick Chilton, administrator of Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane.
Eddie Izzard as Dr. Abel Gideon, a surgeon institutionalized for killing his family who is led to believe that he is the Chesapeake Ripper by Dr. Chilton.
Ellen Greene as Mrs. Komeda, a Boston novelist and friend of Dr. Lecter.
Cynthia Nixon as Kade Prurnell, an investigator for the Office of the Inspector General.
Katharine Isabelle as Margot Verger, a patient of Dr. Lecter's, who has suffered years of abuse at the hands of her demented twin brother.[8]
Michael Pitt as Mason Verger, the sadistic twin brother of Margot Verger, who does not see quite eye-to-eye with Dr. Lecter.[9]
Setting and storylines[edit]
Criminal profiler Will Graham is tasked by FBI agent Jack Crawford, the head of Behavioral Sciences, to help investigate the disappearances of eight young girls across Minnesota. The investigation weighing heavily on Graham, Crawford decides to have him supervised by psychiatrist Dr. Hannibal Lecter, who, unbeknownst to them, is a prolific serial killer himself. Graham and Crawford's team investigate several subsequent murders, while also trying to catch the Chesapeake Ripper, a prolific serial killer that is actually hiding among them.
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
NBC began developing a Hannibal series in 2011 and former head of drama Katie O'Connell brought in her long-time friend Bryan Fuller (who had previously served as a writer-producer on NBC's Heroes) to write a pilot script in November. NBC gave the series a financial commitment before Fuller had completed his script.[10] On February 14, 2012, NBC bypassed the pilot stage of development by giving the series a 13-episode first season based solely on the strength of Fuller's script.[11] The series went into production quickly thereafter.



 Early promotional poster for Hannibal.
30 Days of Night director David Slade, who had previously directed the pilot for NBC's Awake, directed the first episode and serves as an executive producer.[12] José Andrés has been brought onto the project as a special "culinary cannibal consultant" and will advise the crew on proper procedure for preparing human flesh for consumption.[13]
Bryan Fuller discussed the limited episode order and the continuing story arc he envisions for the series. "Doing a cable model on network television gives us the opportunity not to dally in our storytelling because we have a lot of real estate to cover". Speaking specifically about the Hannibal Lecter character, Fuller said, "There is a cheery disposition to our Hannibal. He's not being telegraphed as a villain. If the audience didn't know who he was, they wouldn't see him coming. What we have is Alfred Hitchcock's principle of suspense—show the audience the bomb under the table and let them sweat when it's going to go boom". He went on to call the relationship between Graham and Lecter as "really a love story", saying "As Hannibal has said [to Graham] in a couple of the movies, 'You're a lot more like me than you realize'. We'll get to the bottom of exactly what that means over the course of the first two seasons".[1]
Fuller plans for the show to run for seven seasons: the first three consisting of original material, the fourth covering Red Dragon, the fifth The Silence of the Lambs, the sixth Hannibal, and the seventh an original storyline resolving Hannibal's ending.[14] He wants to include other characters from the book series (such as Jame Gumb and Clarice Starling) provided that he can get the rights to them from MGM.[15] Franklin Froideveaux and Tobias Budge were created because Fuller could not secure the rights to The Silence of the Lambs characters Benjamin Raspail and Jame Gumb.[16] Fuller has also stated that even though they tried to get the rights to Barney, an orderly at the Baltimore State Hospital that appeared in three of the films, they were denied usage rights. So, a character based on Barney will appear in the second season.[17]



 Promotional artwork for the second season.
Regarding the series' influences, Fuller stated: "When I sat down to the script, I was very consciously saying, 'What would David Lynch do with a Hannibal Lecter character? What sort of strange, unexpected places would he take this world?' I'm a great admirer of his work and his aesthetic and his meticulous sound design. Those were all components that I felt very strongly needed to be part of our Hannibal Lecter story. Between Lynch and Kubrick, there's a lot of inspiration."[18]
Casting[edit]
British actor Hugh Dancy was the first actor to be cast, taking on the lead role of FBI criminal profiler Will Graham, who seeks help from Lecter in profiling and capturing serial killers.[19] In June 2012, Danish actor Mads Mikkelsen was cast as Lecter, defeating David Tennant for the role.[20][21] Soon after this, actor Laurence Fishburne was cast as FBI Behavioral Sciences Unit commander Jack Crawford.[22] Caroline Dhavernas was also later cast as Dr. Alana Bloom, a former student of Hannibal Lecter's with Hettienne Park playing crime scene investigator Beverly Katz.[23][24] Lara Jean Chorostecki, Kacey Rohl, Scott Thompson and Aaron Abrams were also cast in recurring roles.[25] Gina Torres also has a recurring role as Phyllis "Bella" Crawford, Jack Crawford's wife; she and Laurence Fishburne are married in reality.[26] Ellen Greene, Raúl Esparza and Gillian Anderson were later cast in recurring roles and appeared later in season one, though Greene only actually appeared in one episode.[27][28][29] Other well known actors, such as Molly Shannon, Eddie Izzard and Lance Henriksen also guest-starred in the first season.[30][31][32]
Several of the actors on the series have worked with creator Bryan Fuller previously, including Dhavernas who played the lead role in Wonderfalls,[23] and Torres, Greene, Esparza and Shannon, who all appeared previously in Pushing Daisies.[29] Chelan Simmons reprised her role as Gretchen Speck-Horowitz from Wonderfalls in an episode of Hannibal.[33] Ellen Muth, who starred in Fuller's Dead Like Me, guest-starred as a character named Georgia, a nod to her original character and a "reinterpretation of that character".[34] David Bowie has been approached for the role of Hannibal's uncle, Robert Lecter, for the second season.[35] Cynthia Nixon will recur as Kade Prurnell, an employee of the Office of the Inspector General, who is investigating Jack Crawford's role in the events of the first season.[36] Amanda Plummer will guest-star in the second season, playing a character named Katherine Pimms.[37] Eddie Izzard will reprise his role as Dr. Abel Gideon for the second season,[38] and Gillian Anderson will return as Dr. Du Maurier in multiple episodes for the second season.[39] On January 20, 2014, Katharine Isabelle joined the recurring cast as Margot Verger.[8] Originally described as a potential love interest for Graham, Fuller later clarified that, like the book, Margot "... is a member of the LGBT community!"[40] Jeremy Davies will appear in two episodes and Chris Diamantopoulos will guest star in one.[41] On January 30, Michael Pitt joined the recurring cast in the role of Mason Verger.[9]
Filming[edit]
The first episode began shooting on August 27, 2012.[13] Filming takes place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.[42] The series began production on the second season in Toronto in August 2013.[35]
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of Hannibal episodes

Season
Episodes
Originally aired
DVD and Blu-ray release dates

Season premiere
Season finale
Region 1
Region 2
Region 4
 1 13 April 4, 2013 June 20, 2013 September 24, 2013[43] September 2, 2013[44] September 25, 2013[45]
 2 13 February 28, 2014 TBA TBA TBA TBA
Domestic broadcast[edit]
The series fourth episode, "Œuf", which revolved around kidnapped children who had been brainwashed into murdering their own former families, was pulled from the United States broadcast schedule at the request of creator Bryan Fuller. The episode was still shown in other countries.[46] This was not a result of the Boston Marathon bombings as some reports have indicated, but was actually decided just hours beforehand.[47] Fuller said of the decision, "With this episode, it wasn't about the graphic imagery or violence. It was the associations that came with the subject matter that I felt would inhibit the enjoyment of the overall episode. It was my own sensitivity... We want to be respectful of the social climate we're in right now".[48] In lieu of a traditional broadcast, a portion of the episode was broken into a series of webisodes, which was made available through various online media outlets.[49] The complete episode was later made available via iTunes on April 29, 2013.[50]
Removal from KSL-TV[edit]
The series was pulled by Salt Lake City, Utah's KSL-TV (Channel 5) as of April 29, 2013 after four episodes were aired, and will air in that market beginning with the May 4 episode during late night Saturdays after Saturday Night Live on KUCW, Salt Lake City's CW affiliate.[51] KSL-TV is owned by the commercial broadcasting arm of the LDS Church, and has refused several NBC series in the past due to violent or sexual content. Hannibal was pulled after Salt Lake Tribune television writer Scott D. Pierce criticized the station for refusing to carry NBC's sitcom The New Normal due to its sexual humor, while allowing the violence of Hannibal to air without any objections; the article led to viewer complaints to KSL over the series.
International carriage[edit]
Citytv picked up broadcasting rights in Canada as a mid-season debut.[52]
In Europe, one year before originally airing, in April 10, 2012, the ProSiebenSat.1 Media Group acquired the rights to broadcast the series in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark beginning in 2013.[53] Sky Living started broadcasting the show in the UK and Republic of Ireland from May 7, 2013.[54]
In the South Pacific, the series is also broadcast on the Seven Network in Australia, late night Wednesdays from mid-April 2013[55] and in New Zealand, the show premiered on TV3 on January 25, 2014.[56]
Reception[edit]
Critical reviews[edit]
Reviews for Hannibal have been positive. On critic website Metacritic, the first season scored 69 out of 100 based on 32 reviews, which constitutes "generally favorable reviews".[57] Joanne Ostrow of The Denver Post praised the series as a "... well constructed, masterfully written piece," but stated "... this level of violent imagery is not my cup of tea..." She also had high praise for the characters, stating that they are "... so compelling, however, that you may give in to the gore-fest."[58] Paul Doro of Shock Till You Drop gave Hannibal an 8/10 and said of the series, "The stab at classy horror mostly succeeds due to excellent performances from the leads, genuine suspense and surprises, well-constructed short and long-term mysteries, and an appropriately disconcerting mood that permeates the action right from the start..." and praised Hugh Dancy in particular, saying he "... does an outstanding job of subtlety conveying how painful human interaction is for him, and despite being abrasive and unpleasant, you are always in his corner and really feel for the guy."[59] Jeff Jensen of Entertainment Weekly gave the show an A- and called it "... finely acted, visually scrumptious, and deliciously subversive."[60]
Brian Lowry of Variety said Hannibal is "... the tastiest drama the network has introduced in awhile [sic]," and had particular praise for the central trio of Dancy, Mikkelsen and Fishburne.[5] Eric Goldman of IGN gave the series a 9/10, which constitutes a score of "Amazing". He said, "A prequel TV series about Hannibal Lecter has to overcome a lot of preconceptions... But guess what? None of that matters when you actually watch the show, because Hannibal is terrific."[61] Linda Stasi of The New York Post gave the series two and a half stars out of four, praising the performances and called it "... The most beautifully shot and produced show on network TV, with many scenes simply and literally breathtaking..."[62] Jeff Simon from The Buffalo News called Hannibal "deeply sinister" and "brilliant."[63] The Chicago Sun Times' TV critic Lori Rackl said, "Hannibal is a haunting, riveting... drama that has the look and feel of a show audiences have become more accustomed to seeing on cable than broadcast," and concluded that "It's also extremely well executed... bound to leave viewers hungry for more."[6] Alan Sepinwall of HitFix called Hannibal "creepy, haunting, smart, utterly gorgeous..." and the best of this season's serial killer shows.[64] Sepinwall also praised the character of Hannibal, writing he has been made into a believable supervillain without making the police force and others look incompetent.[65] Reflecting on the completed first season, The A.V. Club's Todd VanDerWerff wrote that the series acts as a corrective to the "empty" violence on much of television and "restores the seriousness of purpose to a genre long in need of it.... Hannibal is interested in death and murder as a means to glance sidelong at some of life’s largest questions. When not functioning as a cop drama, it’s an intricately twisted serial-killer thriller, but it’s also a surprisingly deep series about psychiatry and the state of the human mind." VanDerWerff concluded that Fuller had taken a series "that had every reason to be a cheap cash-in and has, instead, turned into one of TV’s best shows."[66]
Other reviews were less favorable. Glenn Garvin from The Miami Herald called it "a fast-food hash of poor planning and worse execution..." and called the writing "a mess of unmemorable dialogue and unworkable characterizations."[67] Matthew Gilbert of The Boston Globe was similarly critical, calling the series "rank and depressing," and concluded that it is "shocking, gruesome, and, ultimately, hollow."[68]
On Metacritic, the second season scored 87 out of 100 based on 13 reviews, which constitutes "universal acclaim".[69]
Accolades[edit]

Year
Award
Category
Nominee(s)
Result

2014 IGN Awards[70] Best TV Actor Hugh Dancy Nominated
Best TV Horror Series  Won
Best TV Villain Mads Mikkelsen Nominated
Best TV Series  Nominated
Best New TV Series  Won
Saturn Awards[71] Best Network Television Series  Pending
Best Actor on Television Hugh Dancy Pending
Mads Mikkelsen Pending
Best Guest Star on Television Gina Torres Pending

Ratings[edit]
Seasonal ratings[edit]
U.S. television ratings for Hannibal

Season
Timeslot (ET)
Number of episodes
Premiere
Finale
TV season
Overall viewership

Date
Viewers
 (millions)
Date
Viewers
 (millions)

1
Thursday 10:00 pm

13
April 4, 2013

4.36[72]
June 20, 2013

1.98[73]
2012–13
2.90[74]

2
Friday 10:00 pm

13
February 28, 2014

3.35
2014

2013–14


Weekly ratings[edit]
U.S. television ratings for Hannibal

No.
Title
Original air date
18–49
 rating
U.S. viewers
 (million)
DVR 18–49
 rating
DVR viewers
 (million)
Total viewers
 (million)
Total 18–49
 rating

1 "Apéritif" April 4, 2013 1.6 4.36[72] 1.1 2.41 6.77[75] 2.7
2 "Amuse-Bouche" April 11, 2013 1.7 4.38[76] 1.1 2.37 6.75[77] 2.8
3 "Potage" April 18, 2013 1.4 3.51[78] 1.0 2.08 5.59[79] 2.4
4 "Œuf" Unaired N/A
5 "Coquilles" April 25, 2013 1.0 2.40[80] 0.9 1.81 4.21[81] 1.9
6 "Entrée" May 2, 2013 1.1 2.61[82] 0.9 TBA TBA[83] 2.0
7 "Sorbet" May 9, 2013 1.1 2.62[84] 0.8 TBA TBA[85] 1.9
8 "Fromage" May 16, 2013 1.1 2.46[86] 1.0 1.94 4.39[87] 2.1
9 "Trou Normand" May 23, 2013 1.0 2.69[88] 0.9 1.63 4.24[89] 1.9
10 "Buffet Froid" May 30, 2013 1.0 2.40[90] TBA TBA TBA TBA
11 "Rôti" June 6, 2013 0.9 2.36[91] TBA TBA TBA TBA
12 "Relevés" June 13, 2013 0.7 2.10[92] TBA TBA TBA TBA
13 "Savoureux" June 20, 2013 0.8 1.98[73] TBA TBA TBA TBA

Home media releases[edit]
The first season, including all 13 episodes, was released on Blu-ray and DVD in region 2 on September 2, 2013,[44] in region 1 on September 24, 2013,[43] and in region 4 on September 25, 2013.[45] The region 1 set includes two audio commentaries (by Bryan Fuller, David Slade and Hugh Dancy on "Apéritif" and "Savoureux"), deleted scenes, gag reel, pilot episode storyboards, four featurettes, and "producer's cut" versions of five episodes.[43]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Hibberd, James (April 19, 2012). "'Hannibal' on NBC: How Bryan Fuller will reinvent Dr. Lecter – EXCLUSIVE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved April 21, 2012.
2.Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (February 14, 2013). "'Hannibal' finally gets premiere date". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
3.Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (May 30, 2013). "‘Hannibal’ Renewed By NBC For Season 2". Deadline.com. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
4.Jump up ^ Chitwood, Adam (December 19, 2013). "HANNIBAL Season 2 to Premiere on NBC February 28th; New Poster Unveiled". Collider.com. Retrieved December 19, 2013.
5.^ Jump up to: a b Lowry, Brian (March 29, 2013). "TV Review: 'Hannibal'". Variety. Retrieved March 30, 2013.
6.^ Jump up to: a b Rackl, Lori (April 2, 2013). "NBC's new 'Hannibal' has a look and a feel worth devouring". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
7.Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd; Saraiya, Sonia (December 6, 2013). "Hannibal’s powerful visuals make it one of the best shows of 2013". The A.V. Club. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Ausiello, Michael (January 20, 2014). "Hannibal Exclusive: Katharine Isabelle Joins Season 2 as [Spoiler]'s New Love Interest". TV Line. Retrieved January 21, 2014.
9.^ Jump up to: a b Hibberd, James (January 31, 2014). "Michael Pitt joins 'Hannibal' in major role -- EXCLUSIVE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
10.Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (November 7, 2011). "NBC Buys 'Hannibal' Series From Bryan Fuller & Gaumont International Television". Deadline. Retrieved April 21, 2012.
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13.^ Jump up to: a b Team TVLine (July 16, 2012). "Is Pushing Daisies Bound for Broadway?". TVLine. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
14.Jump up ^ Bernstein, Abbie (June 13, 2013). "Exclusive Interview: HANNIBAL news on Season 1, Season 2 and beyond from showrunner Bryan Fuller". Assignment X. Retrieved June 21, 2013.
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18.Jump up ^ Votaw, Melanie (April 8, 2013). "Exclusive Interview: Hannibal Creator Bryan Fuller on Dream Sequences, David Lynch, and FBI Consultants". reallifewithjane.com. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
19.Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (March 22, 2012). "Scoop: Hugh Dancy to Star in NBC's Hannibal". TVLine. Retrieved April 21, 2012.
20.Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (June 4, 2012). "Scoop: NBC's Hannibal Casts Danish Actor Mads Mikkelsen in Title Role". TVLine. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
21.Jump up ^ "David Tennant to play killer in Hannibal". list.co.uk. April 25, 2013. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
22.Jump up ^ White, James (July 28, 2012). "Laurence Fishburne Will Be Back On TV". Empire Online. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
23.^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 2, 2012). "'Hannibal' casts 'Wonderfalls' star Caroline Dhavernas". Zap2It. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
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25.Jump up ^ Gibson, Bobby (October 15, 2012). "Lara Jean Chorostecki Joins Hannibal as Gender Altered Reporter". Boomtron. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
26.Jump up ^ Fitzpatrick, Kevin (October 15, 2012). "NBC's 'Hannibal' Casts Gina Torres as Laurence Fishburne's Wife". Screen Crush. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
27.Jump up ^ Roots, Kimberly (October 3, 2012). "Exclusive: Pushing Daisies' Ellen Greene Joins Cast of NBC's Hannibal". TVLine. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
28.Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (December 12, 2012). "'Hannibal' casts 'X-Files' star Gillian Anderson – EXCLUSIVE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
29.^ Jump up to: a b Ausiello, Michael (November 19, 2012). "Exclusive: Another Pushing Daisies Alum Joins NBC's Hannibal in Pivotal Role". TVLine. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
30.Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael; Roots, Kimberly (October 10, 2012). "Exclusive: Hannibal Gobbles Up Molly Shannon". TVLine. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
31.Jump up ^ DiMattina, Lindsey (November 16, 2012). "Eddie Izzard: From Grandpa Munster to 'Hannibal' Murderer". Hollywood. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
32.Jump up ^ Fitzpatrick, Kevin (January 16, 2013). "NBC's 'Hannibal' Casts Sci-Fi Vet Lance Henriksen". Screen Crush. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
33.Jump up ^ Roots, Kimberly (September 27, 2012). "Hannibal Scoop: L.A. Complex Actress Will Bring Her Wonderfalls Character to Lecter's Realm". TVLine. Retrieved May 24, 2013.
34.Jump up ^ Gelman, Vlada (April 4, 2013). "Bryan Fuller: Hannibal Delivers a 'Heightened Quality of Serial Killer,' With 'Operatic' Deaths". TVLine. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
35.^ Jump up to: a b Dos Santos, Kristin (June 27, 2013). "David Bowie Offered Hannibal Role". E! Online. Retrieved June 28, 2013.
36.Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (September 6, 2013). "Hannibal Exclusive: Sex Symbol Cynthia Nixon Joins Season 2 Cast as [Spoiler]". TVLine. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
37.Jump up ^ Nededog, Jethro (October 18, 2013). "'Hunger Games: Catching Fire's' Amanda Plummer to Stir Up Trouble on 'Hannibal' (Exclusive)". TheWrap. Retrieved October 18, 2013.
38.Jump up ^ Jeffrey, Morgan (November 27, 2013). "Eddie Izzard confirms 'Hannibal' season 2 return: "I really let go!"". Digital Spy. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
39.Jump up ^ Rudolph, Ileane (October 29, 2013). "Gillian Anderson on Transatlantic Success: The Fall, Hannibal, Another X-Files Movie?". TV Guide. Retrieved November 27, 2013.
40.Jump up ^ Fuller, Bryan (January 10, 2014). "Inaccurately phrased article! Don't worry, Margot is a member of the LGBT community!". Twitter. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
41.Jump up ^ Bryant, Adam (January 29, 2014). "Hannibal Scoop: Jeremy Davies, Chris Diamantopoulos to Guest-Star on Season 2". TV Guide. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
42.Jump up ^ Schou, Solvej (November 20, 2012). "Mads Mikkelsen on playing 'Hannibal' in upcoming NBC series; Anna Chlumsky to guest star in one episode". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
43.^ Jump up to: a b c Hibberd, James (July 18, 2013). "NBC's 'Hannibal': The gag reel! -- EXCLUSIVE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
44.^ Jump up to: a b "Hannibal - Season 1 (Blu-ray) (2013)". Amazon UK. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
45.^ Jump up to: a b "Hannibal: Season 1". Ezy DVD. Retrieved July 12, 2013.
46.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (April 19, 2013). "NBC Pulls Episode of 'Hannibal' About Children Who Murder Other Children". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
47.Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (April 19, 2013). "NBC's 'Hannibal' Drops Episode Featuring Children Turned Killers". Deadline. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
48.Jump up ^ Marechal, A. J. (April 19, 2013). "NBC Pulls 'Hannibal' Episode in Wake of Violent Tragedies (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
49.Jump up ^ "Hannibal - Web Series : Newest - Videos - NBC.com". NBC. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
50.Jump up ^ "Hannibal, Season 1". iTunes. Archived from the original on April 30, 2013. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
51.Jump up ^ Pierce, Scott D. (April 29, 2013). "KSL yanks violent "Hannibal" off its schedule". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
52.Jump up ^ "Citytv – Hannibal". Citytv.com. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
53.Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (April 10, 2012). "ProSieben Acquires Gaumont's 'Hannibal'". Deadline. Retrieved May 14, 2012.
54.Jump up ^ Tartaglione, Nancy (February 25, 2013). "UK's Sky Living Acquires 'Hannibal'". Deadline. Retrieved February 25, 2013.
55.Jump up ^ Knox, David (March 11, 2013). "Seven highlights post-Easter". TV Tonight. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
56.Jump up ^ Parkes, Melenie (January 24, 2014). "Hannibal: Your New Nightmare". Yahoo! New Zealand Entertainment. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
57.Jump up ^ "Hannibal: Season 1". Metacritic. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
58.Jump up ^ Ostrow, Joanna (March 26, 2013). ""Hannibal" a savory new entree on NBC". The Denver Post. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
59.Jump up ^ Doro, Paul (March 25, 2013). "Review: Hannibal". Shock Till You Drop. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
60.Jump up ^ Jensen, Jeff (March 28, 2013). "TV Review – Hannibal (2013)". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 29, 2013.
61.Jump up ^ Goldman, Eric (March 30, 2013). "Hannibal: "Apéritif" Review". IGN. Retrieved April 1, 2013.
62.Jump up ^ Stasi, Linda (April 2, 2013). "'Hannibal' has great taste in people". The New York Post. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
63.Jump up ^ Simon, Jeff (April 2, 2013). "'Hannibal' nightmare assumes diabolical new dimension as TV series". The Buffalo News. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
64.Jump up ^ Sepinwall, Alan (April 3, 2013). "Review: NBC's 'Hannibal' a riveting 'Silence of the Lambs' prequel". HitFix. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
65.Jump up ^ Sepinwall, Alan (June 13, 2013). "Review: 'Hannibal' - 'Releves': A little chicken soup couldn't hurt". HitFix. Retrieved June 17, 2013.
66.Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (June 21, 2013). "Hannibal returns the fear of death to the TV crime drama". The A.V. Club. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
67.Jump up ^ Garvin, Glenn (April 3, 2013). "NBC's 'Hannibal' an unappetizing fast-food hash". The Miami Herald. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
68.Jump up ^ Gilbert, Matthew (April 3, 2013). "'Hannibal' is creepy and empty". Boston Globe. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
69.Jump up ^ "Hannibal: Season 2". Metacritic. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
70.Jump up ^ "TV - IGN's Best of 2013". IGN. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
71.Jump up ^ Goldberg, Matt (February 26, 2014). "Saturn Award Nominations Announced; GRAVITY and THE HOBBIT: THE DESOLATION OF SMAUG Lead with 8 Nominations Each". Collider. Retrieved February 28, 2014.
72.^ Jump up to: a b Bibel, Sara (April 5, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'The Big Bang Theory', 'American Idol', 'Grey's Anatomy', 'Two and a Half Men', 'The Office', & 'Wife Swap' Adjusted Up; 'Scandal' & 'The Mindy Project' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 6, 2013.
73.^ Jump up to: a b Kondolojy, Amanda (June 21, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hannibal' & 'Hell's Kitchen' Adjusted Up + Final NBA Numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
74.Jump up ^ "Hannibal: Season One Ratings". TV Series Finale. June 17, 2013. Retrieved January 24, 2014.
75.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (April 22, 2013). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'Modern Family' Leads Adults 18-49 Ratings Increase & Total Viewership Gains, 'Grimm' Earns Biggest Percentage Increase in Week 28". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
76.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (April 12, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hannibal' & 'American Idol' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 13, 2013.
77.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (April 29, 2013). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'Modern Family' Leads Adults 18-49 Ratings Increase, 'Smash' Earns Biggest Percentage Increase & 'The Following' Tops Total Viewership Gains in Week 29". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
78.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (April 19, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'The Vampire Diaries' & 'American Idol' Adjusted Up; 'Glee' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
79.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (May 6, 2013). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'The Following' Leads Adults 18-49 Ratings Increase & Tops Total Viewership Gains; 'Smash' Earns Biggest Percentage Increase in Week 30". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 7, 2013.
80.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (April 26, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'The Vampire Diaries', 'The Big Bang Theory' & 'American Idol' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 27, 2013.
81.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (May 13, 2013). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'The Big Bang Theory' Leads Adults 18-49 Ratings Increase & Tops Total Viewership Gains; 'Smash' Earns Biggest Percentage Increase in Week 31". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
82.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 3, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'The Big Bang Theory', 'American Idol', 'The Vampire Diaries', 'Two and a Half Men', 'Grey's Anatomy', 'Glee','Parks and Recreation' & 'Hannibal' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 4, 2013.
83.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 20, 2013). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'The Big Bang Theory' Again Leads Adults 18-49 Ratings Increase & Tops Total Viewership Gains; 'Smash' Earns Biggest Percentage Increase in Week 32". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 21, 2013.
84.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (May 10, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Big Bang Theory', 'Grey's Anatomy', 'American Idol', 'Vampire Diaries', 'Two and a Half Men', 'Wipeout', & 'Elementary' Adjusted Up; 'Glee' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
85.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 28, 2013). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'The Big Bang Theory' Again Leads Adults 18-49 Ratings Increase & Tops Total Viewership Gains; 'Smash' Earns Biggest Percentage Increase in Week 33". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
86.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (May 17, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hannibal', 'The Big Bang Theory', 'The Vampire Diaries', 'Grey's Anatomy' & 'Office' Retrospective Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 18, 2013.
87.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (June 3, 2013). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'The Big Bang Theory' Again Leads Adults 18-49 Ratings Increase & Tops Total Viewership Gains; '90210' Earns Biggest Percentage Increase in Week 34". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
88.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 24, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hell's Kitchen' & 'Motive' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 25, 2013.
89.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (June 10, 2013). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'Modern Family' Leads Adults 18-49 Ratings Increase & Tops Total Viewership Gains; 'Hannibal' Earns Biggest Percentage Increase in Week 35". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
90.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 31, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Mike & Molly', 'Hell's Kitchen' & 'Wipeout' Adjusted Up; 'Save Me' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
91.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (June 7, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hell's Kitchen' Adjusted Up; 'Does Someone Have to Go?' Adjusted Down + Final NBA Numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 8, 2013.
92.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (June 14, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: Final NBA Numbers; No Adjustments to 'Hannibal' or 'Hell's Kitchen'". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
External links[edit]
Official website
Hannibal at the Internet Movie Database


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List of Hannibal episodes
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Hannibal is an American psychological thriller television series developed by Bryan Fuller for NBC, who serves as an executive producer along with Sidonie Dumas, Christophe Riandee, Katie O'Connell, Elisa Roth, Sara Colleton, David Slade, Chris Brancato, Jesse Alexander, Michael Rymer, Steve Lightfoot and Martha De Laurentiis. The series, based upon characters and elements appearing in the novel Red Dragon by Thomas Harris, focuses on the budding relationship between FBI special investigator Will Graham (Hugh Dancy) and Dr. Hannibal Lecter (Mads Mikkelsen), a forensic psychiatrist destined to become Graham's most cunning enemy. Special Agent-in-Charge Jack Crawford (Laurence Fishburne) pulls Graham, who struggles due to his ability to empathize with serial killers, from his teaching job to help investigate only the most gruesome and bizarre of murders. Other experts who work alongside Graham are fiber analysis specialist Dr. Beverly Katz (Hettienne Park), crime scene investigator Brian Zeller (Aaron Abrams) and latent fingerprints expert Jimmy Price (Scott Thompson). While psychiatric professor Dr. Alana Bloom (Caroline Dhavernas) tries to help Graham stabilize his mind, crime blogger Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds (Lara Jean Chorostecki) attempts to use him and his cases to make a name for herself.
The series premiered on April 4, 2013. Each episode of the first season is named after an element of French cuisine.[1] The season two titles adopt a Japanese motif.[2]
As of February 28, 2014, 14 episodes of Hannibal have aired.


Contents  [hide]
1 Series overview
2 Episodes 2.1 Season 1 (2013)
2.2 Season 2 (2014)
3 References
4 External links

Series overview[edit]

Season
Episodes
Originally aired
DVD and Blu-ray release dates

Season premiere
Season finale
Region 1
Region 2
Region 4
 1 13 April 4, 2013 June 20, 2013 September 24, 2013[3] September 2, 2013[4] September 25, 2013[5]
 2 13 February 28, 2014 TBA TBA TBA TBA
Episodes[edit]
Season 1 (2013)[edit]

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

1
1 "Apéritif" David Slade Bryan Fuller April 4, 2013 101 4.36[6]
FBI Special Investigator Will Graham (Hugh Dancy), who is haunted by his ability to empathize with serial killers and mentally re-create their crimes with vivid detail, is drawn into the investigation of a series of missing college girls by Special Agent Jack Crawford (Laurence Fishburne), who has special interest in Graham's ability. Crawford and Graham interview the parents of the latest girl to go missing, only to discover that her body has been returned to her bedroom. Graham suspects it is an apologetic gesture from the killer. Crawford, by recommendation of Dr. Alana Bloom (Caroline Dhavernas), enlists the help of noted psychiatrist Dr. Hannibal Lecter (Mads Mikkelsen), who takes a keen interest in the case and particularly in Graham, in whom he senses a like mind. Another girl, Cassie Boyle, is found, this one mounted on top of a deer's head in an open field with her lungs removed. Graham is convinced it is the work of someone else, a negative designed to show him the positives of the other crimes. Dr. Lecter is shown preparing himself a meal with meat which is human lungs. FBI crime scene investigator Beverly Katz (Hettienne Park) finds a shred of metal from a pipe threader on the clothes of the returned girl, which leads Graham and Dr. Lecter to a construction site that employs Garrett Jacob Hobbs, who fits Graham's profile. Dr. Lecter secretly makes a phone call to Hobbs, warning him that, "They know." Lecter and Graham arrive at Hobbs's house just as Hobbs kills his wife. Graham shoots Hobbs dead, but not before Hobbs partially cuts his daughter's throat. Later, Graham and Lecter sit with the unconscious girl in her hospital room. 
2
2 "Amuse-Bouche" Michael Rymer Jim Danger Gray April 11, 2013 103 4.38[7]
Now a special investigator for the FBI, Will Graham helps to find a murderer who uses his victims as fertilizer to grow mushrooms. Tabloid blogger Freddie Lounds (Lara Jean Chorostecki) snoops around the crime scene and Dr. Lecter's office to write a story about Graham, which the killer uses to stay a step ahead of the investigation. Meanwhile, Graham and Dr. Lecter discuss their mutual feeling of responsibility for Abigail Hobbs (Kacey Rohl), which leads Graham to begin opening up to the doctor. The killer is revealed to be a pharmacist who preys on diabetics and is obsessed with the similarities between the structures of fungi and the human mind: Graham intercepts and shoots him in the arm as he attempts to kidnap the unconscious Abigail Hobbs. During another session with Lecter, Graham reluctantly admits that he found killing Garret Jacob Hobbs "right"; Lecter likens it to a feeling of being God. 
3
3 "Potage" David Slade Story by: David Fury
Teleplay by: David Fury and Chris Brancato and Bryan Fuller April 18, 2013 102 3.51[8]
Abigail Hobbs awakens from her coma. Graham suspects that Garret Jacob Hobbs, dubbed the "Minnesota Shrike," killed eight girls, but not the one impaled on the deer's head; that, he maintains, was a victim of a copycat, who called Hobbs to warn him. Crawford harbors suspicions that Abigail was somehow complicit in her father's killing spree, despite objections from Dr. Bloom, Lecter and Graham. Freddie Lounds meets the brother of the impaled girl and reveals to him that Abigail Hobbs is out of the hospital. Lecter and Graham take Abigail to her home, where she and her neighbor Marissa are confronted by the brother of the impaled girl, Nicholas Boyle. The following day, Abigail is taken to the cabin where Marissa is found impaled on a deer's head. In her house, Abigail finds the hair of one of the murdered girls inside a pillow and inadvertently kills Boyle in a way that, according to Lecter, cannot be seen as self-defense. Lecter helps her cover-up the murder, after which Abigail realizes it was Lecter who made the call to her father. Lecter suggests that Abigail keep his secret in exchange for his hiding her murder. 
4
4 "Œuf" Peter Medak Jennifer Schuur April 26, 2013 (India)
 Unaired (U.S.) 104 N/A
Two families are found murdered, with both mothers killed last. The only link between the families is that they both have sons who have been on the missing persons list for approximately a year. Graham concludes these "Lost Boys" are killing their old families to bond more closely to their new family. Graham continues his sessions with Dr. Lecter and confides that even if he finds the boys, he will never be able to give them back what they gave away: their families. He also admits to having paternal feelings toward Abigail Hobbs, which make him uncomfortable. Lecter's own interest in Abigail leads him to check her out of the hospital, against Dr. Bloom's wishes, and take her into his care. He gives her some tea made from psilocybin mushrooms to help with her traumatic dreams. Bloom helps Graham realize that the "Lost Boys" are under the influence of a powerful mother figure (Molly Shannon) and uses footage from a convenience store security camera to track them to North Carolina in time to stop another young boy from murdering his family. 
5
5 "Coquilles" Guillermo Navarro Story by: Scott Nimerfro
Teleplay by: Scott Nimerfro and Bryan Fuller April 25, 2013 106 2.40[9]
A murdered couple is found in a motel room, posed in praying positions with the flesh of their backs opened and strung to the ceiling to give them the appearance of wings. Using a sample of the killer's vomit found on the nightstand, the BAU team discover several medications often used together to treat cancer, specifically brain tumors. Graham surmises that the killer is transforming his victims into guardian angels to watch over him because he is afraid of dying in his sleep. Meanwhile, Crawford's wife Bella (Gina Torres) becomes Dr. Lecter's new patient. She is reluctant to tell her husband that she has terminal lung cancer because he already has too much to worry about. Graham starts to suffer from episodes of sleepwalking and continues to dream about the feathered stag that has been haunting him since the Hobbs case. He confides to Dr. Lecter that the pressure of looking into killer's minds is starting to break his psyche and Dr. Lecter attempts to use this to create a wedge between Graham and Crawford. The angel-maker is tracked to an old farm, but is discovered to have committed suicide and transformed himself into an angel. During the investigation, Crawford realizes the reason for his wife's distant behavior and promises to help her through her illness any way he can. 
6
6 "Entrée" Michael Rymer Story by: Kai Yu Wu
Teleplay by: Kai Yu Wu and Bryan Fuller May 2, 2013 107 2.61[10]
A nurse at the Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane is brutally murdered by a patient, Dr. Abel Gideon (Eddie Izzard), in a manner reminiscent of the "Chesapeake Ripper", who hasn't committed a murder in two years, the same number of years Gideon has been incarcerated. While Graham tries to discover whether Gideon truly is the Ripper, Crawford receives a phone call, apparently from the real Ripper, who plays the recorded voice of Miriam Lass (Anna Chlumsky), a trainee Crawford had consulting on the Chesapeake Ripper case two years previously when she suddenly disappeared. Bloom and Crawford make a deal with Freddie Lounds to write a story about Gideon, hoping to provoke the real Ripper to make himself visible. During a dinner with Bloom and Lecter, Dr. Frederick Chilton (Raúl Esparza), the administrator of the Baltimore hospital, tells them he had suspected Gideon of being the Ripper; Lecter surmises that Chilton unintentionally planted the thought in Gideon's mind during a session, implying that, while Gideon is not the Ripper, he believes himself to be. Later, Crawford receives another phone call, which they trace to an old observatory, where they find Miriam's cell phone clutched in the hand of a severed arm. A final flashback reveals Miriam's fate: she visits Dr. Lecter to ask about an old patient, Jeremy Olmstead, whom he had come into contact with when working as an ER attendant, who has turned up as the latest Ripper victim. While Lecter excuses himself, Miriam finds one of his sketches of the Wound Man, which precisely matches the manner in which Olmstead was murdered. Lecter sneaks up on her from behind and knocks her unconscious, revealing himself as the real Chesapeake Ripper. 
7
7 "Sorbet" James Foley Jesse Alexander & Bryan Fuller May 9, 2013 105 2.62[11]
The BAU is called in when a man is found in a hotel room bathtub with his kidney removed and Graham must determine whether this is the act of an organ harvester or if the Chesapeake Ripper has claimed his first victim in two years. Meanwhile, Crawford continues to be haunted by the discovery of Miriam Lass's arm. Dr. Bloom suspects that Crawford has become obsessed with catching the Ripper, and is putting Graham in danger by making him chase the Ripper. Lecter murders a medical examiner who once treated him rudely and removes his heart. When his body is found displayed on a bus, Graham becomes convinced that the latest victim was the work of the real Ripper, while the first was not. Lecter takes another four victims and harvests their organs for use in a dinner party. Through hotel security footage, the BAU team discovers that the organ harvester is a part-time paramedic, Devon Silvestri, who aspires to be a doctor. They track his ambulance in time to save the life of his latest victim, but his arrest solidifies Graham's opinion that there is only one Chesapeake Ripper, who was responsible for all of the murders except the first. 
8
8 "Fromage" Tim Hunter Jennifer Schuur and Bryan Fuller May 16, 2013 108 2.46[12]
Lecter's patient Franklin Froideveaux (Dan Fogler) worries that his friend Tobias may be a psychopath, but Franklin's growing obsession with Lecter is what concerns the latter more. Graham investigates the murder of a Baltimore musician who had his throat opened and a cello neck inserted through his mouth. Graham, with Lecter's guidance, interprets this as one killer serenading another. Graham's mental stability deteriorates further when he begins having auditory hallucinations of animals in pain and when his romantic feelings for Alana Bloom are rejected. At first she responds well to Graham kissing her, but then says it would be a bad idea for them to become involved. When Franklin confesses to Lecter that Tobias had told him he wanted to cut open someone's throat and "play them like a violin," Lecter confronts Tobias, who reveals that not only is he the murderer, but he knows that Lecter is one as well and feels that they could be friends. Lecter passes on some of this information to Graham, once again putting an unknowing Graham in a dangerous situation when he goes to question him. Tobias kills two police officers who had accompanied Graham and escapes to Lecter's office, where Franklin is having a session. Lecter kills both Franklin and Tobias and lies to Crawford about what happened. Lecter confides to his own psychoanalyst, Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier (Gillian Anderson), that he believes he might have found a true friend in Graham. 
9
9 "Trou Normand" Guillermo Navarro Steve Lightfoot May 23, 2013 109 2.69[13]
A totem pole of human bodies ranging from freshly killed to decades old are found on a beach and while Graham is investigating the crime scene, he suddenly finds himself in Lecter's office, three and a half hours away, with no recollection of how he got there. Lecter theorizes that Graham's mind is trying to escape from having to investigate such brutal murders. Freddie Lounds convinces Abigail Hobbs to let her write a book about Abigail and her father, which is met with grave concern from Graham and Lecter. The body of Nicholas Boyle (whom Abigail had accidentally killed) re-surfaces and with it re-emerges Crawford's suspicion that Abigail knows more than she is letting on. The freshest totem pole victim is identified as Joel Summers, who was the son of Fletcher Marshall, the oldest body on the pole, before he was adopted. The killings are traced to Lawrence Wells (Lance Henriksen), who was having an affair with Marshall's wife and killed him in a crime of passion. The rest of the killings were for his own satisfaction and so he could 'retire'; prison would be better than any retirement home he could afford. However, Graham reveals that Summers was not Marshall's biological son, he was Wells'; the killer inadvertently murdered his own son. Graham examines Boyle's body and deduces that he was killed by Abigail. He confronts Lecter, who reveals that he helped Abigail hide the body in order to protect her future. Graham reluctantly agrees to keep her secret so that she won't inherit her father's brutal legacy. Abigail herself reveals an even greater secret to Lecter: that she actually did, as Crawford suspected, know who her father really was and even helped him to procure his victims by befriending the young girls. 
10
10 "Buffet Froid" John Dahl Andy Black & Chris Brancato and Bryan Fuller May 30, 2013 110 2.40[14]
Beth LeBeau is found murdered, having drowned in her own blood as a result of her face being cut into a Glasgow smile. Graham's mental state continues to sharply decline; he loses hours at a time and when a vivid hallucination causes Graham to contaminate the crime scene, Lecter refers him to a neurologist, an old residency colleague, Dr. Sutcliffe (John Benjamin Hickey). An MRI reveals that Graham is suffering an advanced form of Encephalitis, but Lecter pressures Sutcliffe into telling Graham that he found no neurological problems so that Lecter can continue to analyze him. Graham returns to LeBeau's house, where he is attacked by her killer, who manages to escape. She is identified as Georgia Madchen (Ellen Muth), a young woman who suffers from numerous medical conditions, including Cotard's Syndrome, a delusional disorder that has her convinced she is actually dead and takes away her ability to identify people's faces. She mutilated LeBeau's (her best friend) face because she was deluded into thinking LeBeau was an untrustworthy stranger. She becomes interested in Graham after their encounter and even follows him to Dr. Sutcliffe's office. Graham reaches out to her and manages to convince her that she is alive and not alone, and Georgia is brought in for medical treatment. Lecter murders Dr. Sutcliffe but frames the kill to appear as though Georgia had murdered him while following Graham. 
11
11 "Rôti" Guillermo Navarro Steve Lightfoot and Bryan Fuller & Scott Nimerfro June 6, 2013 111 2.36[15]
Dr. Abel Gideon escapes from custody and begins targeting the psychiatrists who attempted to treat him, displaying their bodies with a Colombian necktie. While Alana Bloom is put under protective custody, Gideon kidnaps Dr. Frederick Chilton and lures Freddie Lounds into a trap, forcing her to write an article about him. Meanwhile, Graham's undiagnosed Encephalitis drives his temperature up, causing severe hallucinations. Another psychiatrist is found similarly mutilated, only with his right arm amputated and Graham speculates that this is actually a message from the real Chesapeake Ripper telling them where to find Gideon. At the abandoned observatory where Miriam Lass's severed arm was found, Gideon begins surgically removing Chilton's organs with the intention of leaving a "gift basket" for the Ripper, whom Gideon is trying to lure out. While Crawford and a SWAT team hit the observatory, Graham's hallucination of the stag returns and he follows it, fortuitously intercepting Gideon, who had anticipated the SWAT team's arrival. In his delusional state, Graham takes Gideon to Lecter, who convinces Graham that he has hallucinated the encounter. When Graham has a seizure, Lecter uses the opportunity to set Gideon on Alana. Dr. Lecter manipulates Graham into pursuing him and Graham shoots Gideon dead outside Alana's house before collapsing. Graham is hospitalized. 
12
12 "Relevés" Michael Rymer Chris Brancato and Bryan Fuller June 13, 2013 112 2.10[16]
Following an offhand comment by Graham, Hannibal leaves a comb in the chamber of Georgia Madchen, who accidentally sparks a fire inside her hyperbaric chamber and is burned to death. Angered, Graham deduces that several recent murders were all the work of a copycat patterning after recent serial murders, and that Georgia was killed because she may have remembered the face of whoever had killed Dr. Sutcliffe. Crawford, bothered by Graham's behavior and by Lecter's apparent concealment of Graham's hallucinations, discovers the pattern that shows Abigail was present during Garrett's victim selection processes. Crawford confronts Lecter's therapist, Dr. Du Maurier, and she later tells Lecter that she didn't reveal the details about being attacked by a patient. After releasing himself from the hospital, Graham takes Abigail back to Minnesota, to the hunting lodge. During a hallucination he deduces, correctly, that Abigail was an active participant in her father's murders. Fleeing from Graham, Abigail is comforted by Lecter, who admits to having killed more people than her father. When Abigail asks him if he is going to kill her, he simply tells her that he is sorry he couldn't protect her. 
13
13 "Savoureux" David Slade Steve Lightfoot and Bryan Fuller & Scott Nimerfro June 20, 2013 113 1.98[17]
Following his strange trip to Minnesota, Graham is taken into custody by Crawford for the probable murder of Abigail Hobbs. They find her severed ear in his kitchen sink and her blood under his fingernails. Alana is left devastated by the arrest and is determined to find the cause of Graham's dementia, despite Crawford's insistence that there is no underlying cause. She has him draw a clock when he tells her that Dr. Lecter had him perform a similar test, and the results solidify her belief that there is a physical explanation for Graham's instability. Katz, Price and Zeller examine Graham's homemade fishing lures and discover that four of them have included elements of human remains, whose DNA matches all four victims of the copycat killer: Cassie Boyle, Marissa Schur, Dr. Sutcliffe and Georgia Madchen. Graham escapes from custody while being transferred and goes to Lecter for help, only to have Lecter demonstrate that it is feasible for him to have murdered all four people. Graham convinces Lecter to take him back to the Hobbs house in Minnesota, where he finally comes to realize that it was Lecter who called to warn Garret Jacob Hobbs about his impending arrest and that Lecter has been manipulating him ever since to see how someone with Graham's unique ability would operate. Crawford arrives and stops Graham from killing Lecter by shooting him in the shoulder. Graham is hospitalized, where his Encephalitis is finally discovered and he is placed in a protective coma while undergoing treatment. Lecter brings dinner to Du Maurier, where she reveals that she may know much more about him than even he suspected. Next, Lecter pays one last visit to Graham in his new home: the Baltimore State Hospital for the Criminally Insane. 
Season 2 (2014)[edit]

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

14
1 "Kaiseki" Tim Hunter Bryan Fuller & Steve Lightfoot February 28, 2014 201 3.35[18]
Jack Crawford visits Dr. Hannibal Lecter at his home and immediately attacks him. A brutal fight ensues and Lecter slashes his neck with a piece of broken glass and, bleeding profusely, Crawford manages to lock himself in Lecter's wine cellar. Twelve weeks earlier, Kade Prurnell (Cynthia Nixon), an investigator for the Inspector General's Office, warns Crawford of his misconduct and pressures Alana Bloom into repealing her statement about Crawford's mishandling of Graham's instability, which she refuses. Lecter gets to walk in Graham's shoes when six partially preserved bodies are found in a river. Lecter theorizes that the killer is preserving the bodies to create a human model collection and that those in the river are imperfect castoffs. In the Baltimore asylum, Graham is determined to uncover how Lecter set him up and enlists Alana to help him recover lost memories through hypnosis. He has a flashback of Lecter inserting Abigail Hobbs' ear into his stomach through his throat. The killer strikes again, kidnapping a young man and taking him, alive, to an empty silo where his collection is revealed: an interconnected collage of naked bodies. 
15
2 "Sakizuki"[19] TBA TBA March 7, 2014 202 TBA
16
3 "Hassun"[20] TBA TBA March 14, 2014 203 TBA
17
4 "Takiawase"[21] TBA TBA March 21, 2014 204 TBA
18
5 "Mukozuke"[22] TBA TBA TBA 205 TBA
19
6 "Futamono"[23] TBA TBA TBA 206 TBA
20
7 "Yakimono"[24] TBA TBA TBA 207 TBA
21
8 "Su-zakana"[25] Vincenzo Natali Scott Nimerfro TBA 208 TBA
22
9 "Shiizakana"[26] Michael Rymer Jeff Vlaming TBA 209 TBA
23
10 TBA TBA TBA TBA 210 TBA
24
11 "Kō No Mono"[27] David Slade Jeff Vlaming & Andy Black TBA 211 TBA
25
12 "Tome-wan"[28] TBA TBA TBA 212 TBA
26
13 "Mizumono"[28] TBA TBA TBA 213 TBA
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Govani, Shinah (April 13, 2013). "Shinan: The queasy haute cuisine of NBC's Hannibal". National Post. Retrieved April 17, 2013.
2.Jump up ^ Fitzpatrick, Kevin (October 2, 2013). "'Hannibal' Season 2 Serves Up First Official Photo: Where's Will Graham?". Screen Crush. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
3.Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (July 18, 2013). "NBC's 'Hannibal': The gag reel! -- EXCLUSIVE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
4.Jump up ^ "Hannibal - Season 1 (Blu-ray) (2013)". Amazon UK. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
5.Jump up ^ "Hannibal: Season 1". Ezy DVD. Retrieved July 12, 2013.
6.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (April 5, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'The Big Bang Theory', 'American Idol', 'Grey's Anatomy', 'Two and a Half Men', 'The Office', & 'Wife Swap' Adjusted Up; 'Scandal' & 'The Mindy Project' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 6, 2013.
7.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (April 12, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hannibal' & 'American Idol' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 13, 2013.
8.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (April 19, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'The Vampire Diaries' & 'American Idol' Adjusted Up; 'Glee' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
9.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (April 26, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'The Vampire Diaries', 'The Big Bang Theory' & 'American Idol' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 27, 2013.
10.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 3, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'The Big Bang Theory', 'American Idol', 'The Vampire Diaries', 'Two and a Half Men', 'Grey's Anatomy', 'Glee','Parks and Recreation' & 'Hannibal' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 4, 2013.
11.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (May 10, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Big Bang Theory', 'Grey's Anatomy', 'American Idol', 'Vampire Diaries', 'Two and a Half Men', 'Wipeout', & 'Elementary' Adjusted Up; 'Glee' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 11, 2013.
12.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (May 17, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hannibal', 'The Big Bang Theory', 'The Vampire Diaries', 'Grey's Anatomy' & 'Office' Retrospective Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 18, 2013.
13.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 24, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hell's Kitchen' & 'Motive' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 25, 2013.
14.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 31, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Mike & Molly', 'Hell's Kitchen' & 'Wipeout' Adjusted Up; 'Save Me' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
15.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (June 7, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hell's Kitchen' Adjusted Up; 'Does Someone Have to Go?' Adjusted Down + Final NBA Numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 8, 2013.
16.Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (June 14, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: Final NBA Numbers; No Adjustments to 'Hannibal' or 'Hell's Kitchen'". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
17.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (June 21, 2013). "Thursday Final Ratings: 'Hannibal' & 'Hell's Kitchen' Adjusted Up + Final NBA Numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 21, 2013.
18.Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (March 1, 2014). "'Hannibal' Season Premiere Beats or Matches Last Nine Telecasts Last Season". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
19.Jump up ^ "Episode Title: "SAKIZUKI"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved February 15, 2014.
20.Jump up ^ "Hannibal : Hassun". Zap2It. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
21.Jump up ^ "Hannibal : Takiawase". Zap2It. Retrieved February 26, 2014.
22.Jump up ^ Fuller, Bryan (January 7, 2014). "EDITING #HANNIBAL EPISODE 205 "MUKOZUKE" pic.twitter.com/fg1OzMXOg3". Twitter. Retrieved January 7, 2014.
23.Jump up ^ Fuller, Bryan (January 7, 2014). "EDITING #HANNIBAL EPISODE 206 "FUTAMONO" pic.twitter.com/ucbCSE5aVj". Twitter. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
24.Jump up ^ Fuller, Bryan (January 2, 2014). "HANNIBAL Episode 207 Production Meeting". Twitter. Retrieved January 3, 2014.
25.Jump up ^ Fuller, Bryan (January 14, 2014). "HANNIBAL Production Meeting Episode 208". Twitter. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
26.Jump up ^ Fuller, Bryan (January 16, 2014). "#HANNIBAL CONCEPT MEETING EPISODE 209 pic.twitter.com/fRJ0bI7vsw". Twitter. Retrieved January 18, 2014.
27.Jump up ^ Fuller, Bryan (February 10, 2014). "#HANNIBAL EPISODE 211 CONCEPT MEETING pic.twitter.com/USE502lCrn". Twitter. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
28.^ Jump up to: a b Fuller, Bryan (February 23, 2014). "Announced by Bryan Fuller in Livestream during 13 Hour Devour". Retrieved February 23, 2014.
External links[edit]
Official website
List of Hannibal episodes at the Internet Movie Database


[hide]
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Thomas Harris' Hannibal Lecter


Characters
Hannibal Lecter ·
 Will Graham ·
 Clarice Starling ·
 Francis Dolarhyde ·
 Buffalo Bill ·
 Frederick Chilton ·
 Jack Crawford ·
 Freddy Lounds
 

Novels
Red Dragon (1981) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1988) ·
 Hannibal (1999) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2006)
 

Films
Manhunter (1986) ·
 The Silence of the Lambs (1991) ·
 Hannibal (2001) ·
 Red Dragon (2002) ·
 Hannibal Rising (2007)
 

Television
Hannibal (2013–present) ·
 (List of episodes)
 

 


Categories: Lists of American television series episodes
Lists of drama television series episodes





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