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New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures
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New World Translation
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures in various languages and versions.jpg
Full name
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures
Abbreviation
NWT
Language
127 languages
NT published
1950
Complete Bible
published
1961
Textual basis
OT: Biblia Hebraica.
NT: Westcott & Hort.
Translation type
Formal Equivalence with occasional ventures into Dynamic equivalence[1][2]
Copyright
Copyright 1961, 1970, 1981, 1984, 2013 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
Copies printed
208,366,928[3]
Genesis 1:1–3 [show]
John 3:16 [show]
The New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (NWT) is a translation of the Bible published by the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society in 1961; it is used and distributed by Jehovah's Witnesses.[4] Though it is not the first Bible to be published by the group, it is their first original translation of ancient Classical Hebrew, Koine Greek, and Old Aramaic biblical texts. As of December 2014, the Watch Tower Society has published 208 million copies of the New World Translation in 127 language editions.[5][6][7]
Contents [hide]
1 History 1.1 Translators
1.2 Translation Services Department
1.3 2013 revision
2 Translation 2.1 Textual basis
2.2 Other languages
3 Features 3.1 Use of Jehovah
3.2 Editions 3.2.1 Kingdom Interlinear
3.3 Non-print editions
4 Critical review 4.1 Overall review
4.2 Old Testament
4.3 New Testament
5 See also
6 References
7 Further information 7.1 Online editions
7.2 Supportive
7.3 Neutral
7.4 Critical
History[edit]
Until the release of the NWT, Jehovah's Witnesses in English-speaking countries primarily used the King James Version.[8][9] According to the publishers, one of the main reasons for producing a new translation was that most Bible versions in common use, including the Authorized Version (King James), employed archaic language. The stated intention was to produce a fresh translation, free of archaisms.[10] Additionally, over the centuries since the King James Version was produced, more copies of earlier manuscripts of the original texts in the Hebrew and Greek languages have become available. The publishers claimed better manuscript evidence had made it possible to determine with greater accuracy what the original writers intended, particularly in more obscure passages. They said linguists better understood certain aspects of the original Hebrew and Greek languages than previously.[11]
In October 1946, the president of the Watch Tower Society, Nathan H. Knorr, proposed a fresh translation of the New Testament, which Jehovah's Witnesses usually refer to as the Christian Greek Scriptures.[12] Work began on December 2, 1947 when the "New World Bible Translation Committee" was formed, composed of Jehovah's Witnesses who claimed to be anointed.[13][14] The Watch Tower Society is said to have "become aware" of the committee's existence a year later. The committee agreed to turn over its translation to the Society for publication[15] and on September 3, 1949, Knorr convened a joint meeting of the board of directors of both the Watch Tower Society's New York and Pennsylvania corporations where he again announced to the directors the existence of the committee[16] and that it was now able to print its new modern English translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures. Several chapters of the translation were read to the directors, who then voted to accept it as a gift.[15]
The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures was released at a convention of Jehovah's Witnesses at Yankee Stadium, New York, on August 2, 1950. The translation of the Old Testament, which Jehovah's Witnesses refer to as the Hebrew Scriptures, was released in five volumes in 1953, 1955, 1957, 1958, and 1960. The complete New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures was released as a single volume in 1961, and has since undergone minor revisions.[17] Cross references which had appeared in the six separate volumes were updated and included in the complete volume in the 1984 revision.[18]
In 1961 the Watch Tower Society began to translate the New World Translation into Dutch, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish; the New Testament in these languages was released simultaneously on July 1963 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. By 1989 the New World Translation was translated into eleven languages, with more than 56,000,000 copies printed.[19]
Translators[edit]
The New World Translation was produced by the New World Bible Translation Committee, formed in 1947. This committee is said to have comprised unnamed members of multinational background.[20] The committee requested that the Watch Tower Society not publish the names of its members,[21][22] stating that they did not want to "advertise themselves but let all the glory go to the Author of the Scriptures, God,"[23] adding that the translation, "should direct the reader... to... Jehovah God".[24] The publishers believe that "the particulars of [the New World Bible Translation Committee's members] university or other educational training are not the important thing" and that "the translation testifies to their qualification".[24] Former high ranking Watch Tower staff have claimed knowledge of the translators' identities.[25] Walter Martin identified Nathan H. Knorr, Fredrick W. Franz, Albert D. Schroeder, George Gangas, and Milton Henschel as members of the translation team, writing of them, "The New World Bible translation committee had no known translators with recognized degrees in Greek or Hebrew exegesis or translation... None of these men had any university education except Franz, who left school after two years, never completing even an undergraduate degree." Franz had stated that he was familiar with not only Hebrew, but with Greek, Latin, Spanish, Portuguese, German, and French for the purpose of biblical translation.[26] In his critique of the NWT, K. J. Baumgarten wrote, the “NWT must be evaluated on its own merits, the qualifications of the committee members are not as relevant as the quality of their work product.”[27]
Translation Services Department[edit]
New World translation of the Holy Scriptures (2013 edition).
In 1989 a Translation Services Department was established at the world headquarters of Jehovah's Witnesses, overseen by the Writing Committee of the Governing Body. The goal of the Translation Services Department was to accelerate Bible translation with the aid of computer technology. Previously, some Bible translation projects lasted twenty years or more. Under the direction of the Translation Services Department, translation of the Old Testament in a particular language may be completed in as little as two years. During the period from 1963 to 1989, the New World Translation became available in ten additional languages. Since the formation of the Translation Services Department in 1989, there has been a significant increase in the number of languages in which the New World Translation has been made available.[28][29]
2013 revision[edit]
At the Watch Tower Society's annual meeting on October 5, 2013, a significantly revised translation was released. Many outdated terms were replaced with modern English. Parts of chapter 8 of the Gospel of John and the alternative conclusions to the Gospel of Mark—were removed. The new revision was also released as part of an app called JW Library.[30]
Translation[edit]
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List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
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People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
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According to the Watch Tower Society, the New World Translation attempts to convey the intended sense of original-language words according to the context. The New World Translation employs nearly 16,000 English expressions to translate about 5,500 biblical Greek terms, and over 27,000 English expressions to translate about 8,500 Hebrew terms. The translators state that, where possible in the target language, the New World Translation prefers literal renderings and does not paraphrase the original text.[31]
Textual basis[edit]
The master text used for translating the Old Testament into English was Kittel's Biblia Hebraica. The Hebrew texts, Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia and Biblia Hebraica Quinta, were used for preparing the latest version of this translation. Other works consulted in preparing the translation include Aramaic Targums, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Samaritan Torah, the Greek Septuagint, the Latin Vulgate, the Masoretic Text, the Cairo Codex, the Aleppo Codex, Christian David Ginsburg's Hebrew Text, and the Leningrad Codex.[32][33]
Diagrammatic representation of textual basis
Hebrew (click to expand)
Greek (click to expand)
The Greek master text by the Cambridge University scholars B. F. Westcott and F. J. A. Hort (1881) was used as the basis for translating the New Testament into English. The committee also referred to the Novum Testamentum Graece (18th edition, 1948) and to works by Catholic Jesuit scholars José M. Bover (1943) and Augustinus Merk (1948). The United Bible Societies' text (1975) and the Nestle-Aland text (1979) were used to update the footnotes in the 1984 version. Additional works consulted in preparing the New World Translation include the Armenian Version, Coptic Versions, the Latin Vulgate, Sixtine and Clementine Revised Latin Texts, Textus Receptus, the Johann Jakob Griesbach's Greek text, the Emphatic Diaglott, and various papyri.[32]
Other languages[edit]
Translation into other languages is based on the English text, supplemented by comparison with the Hebrew and Greek.[34] As of early 2015, the complete New World Translation has been published in 74 languages or scripts, with the New Testament available in an additional 53 languages.[5][6]
Translators are given a list of words and expressions commonly used in the English New World Translation with related English words grouped together (e.g. atone, atonement or propitiation); these are intended to alert the translators to various shades of meaning. A list of vernacular equivalents is then composed. If a translator has difficulty rendering a verse, the computer research system can provide information on Greek and Hebrew terms and provides access to supplemental publications. Using a search-and-replace tool, vernacular terms in the target language are then automatically inserted into the Bible text. Further editing and translation is then performed to produce a final version.[28]
The complete New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures is available in 74 languages as of December 2014: Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani (Cyrillic and Latin scripts), Bulgarian, Cebuano, Chichewa, Chinese (Simplified, Traditional or Pinyin), Chitonga, Cibemba, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Efik, English (also Braille), Estonian, Ewe, Fijian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Hiligaynon, Hungarian, Igbo, Iloko, Indonesian, Italian (also Braille), Japanese, Kazakh, Kikaonde, Kinyarwanda, Kirghiz, Kirundi, Korean, Lingala, Macedonian, Malagasy, Maltese, Norwegian, Ossetian, Polish, Portuguese (also Braille), Romanian, Russian, Samoan, Sepedi, Serbian (Cyrillic and Latin scripts), Sesotho, Shona, Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish (also Braille), Sranantongo, Swahili, Swedish, Tagalog, Tsonga, Tswana, Turkish, Ukrainian, Twi (Akuapem and Asante), Xhosa, Yoruba, and Zulu.
The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures is available in an additional 46 languages as of February 2015: Cambodian, Chitumbuka, Ga, Gun, Guarani, Haitian Creole, Hebrew, Hindi, Hiri Motu, Kannada, Kiluba, Kiribati (Gilbertese), Kongo, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luo, Luganda, Luvale, Malay, Malayalam, Maya, Myanmar, Nepali, Otetela, Pangasinan, Papiamento (Curaçao), Persian, Punjabi, Sango, Silozi, Solomon Islands Pidgin, Swati, Tamil, Tatar, Tetum, Thai, Tigrinya, Tok Pisin, Tongan, Tshiluba, Tuvaluan, Tzotzil, Uzbek, Venda, Vietnamese, Waray-Waray.
The New World Translation is also available on DVD in part in 7 languages as of 2013: American Sign Language, Brazilian Sign Language, Colombian Sign Language, Italian Sign Language, Korean Sign Language, Mexican Sign Language, and Russian Sign Language.
When the Writing Committee approves the translation of the Bible into a new language, it appoints a group of baptized Jehovah's Witnesses to serve as a translation team. Team members generally have experience in translating the Watch Tower Society's publications, and receive additional training in the principles of Bible translation and in the use of computer programs developed specifically for the task. These systems do not perform actual translation, but assist the translators by keeping track of their translation decisions.
Features[edit]
The layout resembles the 1901 edition of the American Standard Version. The translators use the terms "Hebrew-Aramaic Scriptures" and "Christian Greek Scriptures" rather than "Old Testament" and "New Testament", stating that the use of "testament" was based on a misunderstanding of 2 Corinthians 3:14.[35] Headings were included at the top of each page to assist in locating texts; these have been replaced in the 2013 revision by an "Outline of Contents" introducing each Bible book. There is also an index listing scriptures by subject.
Square brackets [ ] were added around words that were inserted editorially, but were removed as of the 2006 printing. Double brackets [[ ]] were used to indicate text considered doubtful. The pronoun "you" was printed in small capitals (i.e., YOU) to indicate plurality, as were some verbs when plurality may be unclear. These features were discontinued in the 2013 release. The New World Translation attempts to indicate progressive rather than completed actions, such as "proceeded to rest" at Genesis 2:2 instead of "rested". The 2013 release indicates progressive verbs only where considered contextually important.
Use of Jehovah[edit]
Main article: Jehovah
The name Jehovah is a translation of the Tetragrammaton (Hebrew: יהוה, transliterated as YHWH), although the original pronunciation is unknown. The New World Translation uses the name Jehovah 6,979 times in the Old Testament.[36] The Watch Tower Society notes that the Tetragrammaton appears in "the oldest fragments of the Greek Septuagint".[37] In reference to the Septuagint, biblical scholar Paul E. Kahle stated, "We now know that the Greek Bible text as far as it was written by Jews for Jews did not translate the Divine name by Kyrios, but the Tetragrammaton written with Hebrew or Greek letters was retained in such MSS (manuscripts). It was the Christians who replaced the Tetragrammaton by Kyrios, when the divine name written in Hebrew letters was not understood any more."[38]
The New World Translation also uses the name Jehovah 237 times in the New Testament where the extant texts use only the Greek words kurios (Lord) and theos (God).[39] Walter Martin, an evangelical minister, wrote, "It can be shown from literally thousands of copies of the Greek New Testament that not once does the tetragrammaton appear."[40] However, the translators of the New World Translation believed that the name Jehovah was present in the original manuscripts of the New Testament when quoting from the Old Testament, but replaced with the other terms by later copyists. Based on this reasoning, the translators "restored the divine name", though it is not present in any extant manuscripts.[41][42]
The use of Jehovah in the New Testament is not unique to the NWT; translations in English with similar renderings include A Literal Translation of the New Testament ... From the Text of the Vatican Manuscript (Heinfetter, 1863); The Emphatic Diaglott (Wilson, 1864); The Epistles of Paul in Modern English (Stevens, 1898); St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans (Rutherford, 1900); The Christian’s Bible — New Testament (LeFevre, 1928) and The New Testament Letters (Wand, Bishop of London, 1946).
Editions[edit]
The New World Translation is distributed in print editions commonly referred to as "Large Print" (four volumes), "Reference", "Regular (or Standard) Hard Cover", "Regular (or Standard) Soft Cover".[43][44] The regular editions include several appendices containing arguments for various translation decisions, maps, diagrams and other information; and over 125,000 cross references. The reference edition contains the cross references and adds footnotes about translation decisions and additional appendices that provide further detail relating to certain translation decisions.[45] Many of the non-English translations lack footnotes and some add language-specific footnotes. The 1981 and 1984 revisions incorporated the booklet, Bible Topics for Discussion (previously published separately in 1977), which provides references to scriptures relating to various topics; this has been replaced in the 2013 revision with a simplified Introduction to God's Word.
Kingdom Interlinear[edit]
The New World Bible Translation Committee included the English text from the NWT in its 1969 and 1985 editions of the Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures. It also incorporates the Greek text published by Westcott and Hort in The New Testament in the Original Greek and a literal word-for-word translation.[46][47]
Non-print editions[edit]
In 1978, the Watch Tower Society began producing recordings of the NWT on audio cassette,[48] with the New Testament released by 1981[49] and the Old Testament in three albums released by 1990.[50] In 2004, the NWT was released on compact disc in MP3 format in major languages.[51] Since 2008, audio downloads of the NWT have been made available in 18 languages in MP3 and AAC formats, including support for Podcasts.
A diskette edition of the NWT released in 1993
In 1983, the English Braille edition of the NWT's New Testament was released;[52] the complete English Braille edition was released by 1988.[53] NWT editions have since become available in several additional Braille scripts.[54] Production of the NWT in American Sign Language began in 2006, with the complete New Testament made available by 2010;[55] sign language editions are also available for download.[56]
In 1992 a digital edition, New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References, was released, as a set of seven 3½-inch 720 KB diskettes or four 5¼-inch 1.2 MB diskettes, using Folio View software. In 1993, New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References/Insight on the Scriptures was released in English, as a set of 5¼-inch 1.2 MB or 3½-inch 1.44 MB diskettes, containing the New World Translation and Insight on the Scriptures. Since 1994, the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References has been included in the Watchtower Library on CD-ROM, available only to baptized Jehovah's Witnesses.[57][58] The NWT is available online at the Watch Tower Society's official website in over 100 languages.[59][60] It is available for download in over 120 various languages in PDF, Mobipocket and EPUB formats. In 2013, an official application entitled JW Library was released on multiple platforms for tablets and mobile devices.[61]
Critical review[edit]
The Bible in English
Old English (pre-1066)
Middle English (1066–1500)
Early Modern English (1500–1800)
Modern Christian (1800–)
Modern Jewish (1853–)
Miscellaneous
List of English Bible translations
v ·
t ·
e
Overall review[edit]
In its review of Bible translations released from 1955 to 1985, The HarperCollins Bible Dictionary listed the New World Translation as one of the major modern translations.[62]
The New Catholic Encyclopedia says of the NWT reference edition: "[Jehovah's Witnesses]' translation of the Bible [has] an impressive critical apparatus. The work is excellent except when scientific knowledge comes into conflict with the accepted doctrines of the movement." It criticizes the NWT's rendering of Kyrios as "Jehovah" in 237 instances in the New Testament.[63]
Old Testament[edit]
Samuel Haas, in his 1955 review of the 1953 first volume of the New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, in the Journal of Biblical Literature, stated that although "this work indicates a great deal of effort and thought as well as considerable scholarship, it is to be regretted that religious bias was allowed to colour many passages."[64]
Professor Benjamin Kedar, a Professor of History and Director of the Institute for Advanced Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, said in 1989: "In my linguistic research in connection with the Hebrew Bible and translations, I often refer to the English edition of what is known as the New World Translation. In so doing, I find my feeling repeatedly confirmed that this work [the NWT Old Testament] reflects an honest endeavor to achieve an understanding of the text that is as accurate as possible."[65]
Regarding the NWT's use of English in the 1953 first volume of the NWT (Genesis to Ruth), Dr. Harold H. Rowley (1890–1969) was critical of what he called "wooden literalism" and "harsh construction." He characterized these as "an insult to the Word of God", citing various verses of Genesis as examples. Rowley concluded, "From beginning to end this [first] volume is a shining example of how the Bible should not be translated."[66] Rowley's published review is dated January 1953, six months before the volume was actually released;[67][68] Rowley did not update his review following the July 1953 release or the 1961 revision, and he died before the release of the 1970 and later revisions.[69]
New Testament[edit]
A 2003 study by Jason BeDuhn, associate professor of religious studies at Northern Arizona University in the United States, of nine of "the Bibles most widely in use in the English-speaking world," including the New American Bible, The King James Bible and The New International Version, examined several New Testament passages in which "bias is most likely to interfere with translation." For each passage, he compared the Greek text with the renderings of each English translation, and looked for biased attempts to change the meaning. BeDuhn reported that the New World Translation was "not bias free", but emerged "as the most accurate of the translations compared", and thus a "remarkably good translation", adding that "most of the differences are due to the greater accuracy of the NW as a literal, conservative translation". BeDuhn said the introduction of the name "Jehovah" into the New Testament 237 times was "not accurate translation by the most basic principle of accuracy", and that it "violate[s] accuracy in favor of denominationally preferred expressions for God", adding that for the NWT to gain wider acceptance and prove its worth its translators might have to abandon the use of "Jehovah" in the New Testament.[70]
Theologian and televangelist John Ankerberg accused the NWT's translators of renderings that conform "to their own preconceived and unbiblical theology."[71] John Weldon and Ankerberg cite several examples wherein they consider the NWT to support theological views overriding appropriate translation. Ankerberg and Weldon cite Julius R. Mantey, co-author of A Manual Grammar of the Greek New Testament and A Hellenistic Greek Reader, who also criticized the NWT, calling it "a shocking mistranslation."[71][72]
William Barclay, Professor of Divinity and Biblical Criticism, concluded that "the deliberate distortion of truth by this sect is seen in the New Testament translation. ... It is abundantly clear that a sect which can translate the New Testament like that is intellectually dishonest."[73]
Edgar J. Goodspeed, translator of the New Testament in An American Translation, wrote in a letter to the Watch Tower Society: "I am interested in the mission work of your people, and its world wide scope, and much pleased with the free, frank and vigorous translation. It exhibits a vast array of sound serious learning, as I can testify."[74]
Former American Bible Society board member Bruce M. Metzger concluded that "on the whole, one gains a tolerably good impression of the scholarly equipment of the translators,"[75] but identified instances where the translation has been written to support doctrine, with "several quite erroneous renderings of the Greek."[76] Metzger noted a number of "indefensible" characteristics of the translation, including its use of "Jehovah" in the New Testament.
Unitarian theologian Charles Francis Potter stated about the NWT: "Apart from a few semantic peculiarities like translating the Greek word stauros, as "stake" instead of "cross", and the often startling use of the colloquial and the vernacular, the anonymous translators have certainly rendered the best manuscript texts, both Greek and Hebrew, with scholarly ability and acumen."[77]
Religion writer and editor Alexander Thomson said of the NWT: "The translation is evidently the work of skilled and clever scholars, who have sought to bring out as much of the true sense of the Greek text as the English language is capable of expressing. ... We heartily recommend the New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures, published in 1950 by the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society."[78]
Thomas Winter, an instructor of Greek at the University of Nebraska and former president of the Unitarian Church of Lincoln, considered the Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures to be a "highly useful aid toward the mastery of koine (and classical) Greek," adding that the translation "is thoroughly up-to-date and consistently accurate."[79]
The Andover Newton Quarterly reported, "The translation of the New Testament is evidence of the presence in the movement of scholars qualified to deal intelligently with the many problems of Biblical translation. One could question why the translators have not stayed closer to the original meaning, as do most translators ... In not a few instances the New World Translation contains passages which must be considered as 'theological translations.' This fact is particularly evident in those passages which express or imply the deity of Jesus Christ."[80]
See also[edit]
Bible translations by language
Jehovah's Witnesses publications
List of Watch Tower Society publications
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Jason D. Beduhn, Truth in Translation - Accuracy and Bias in English Translations of the New Testament
2.Jump up ^ All Scripture Is Inspired by God and Beneficial1990 pg. 326 pars. 32-33 Study Number 7—The Bible in Modern Times: New World Translation A Literal Translation, 1990
3.Jump up ^ New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (2013 Revision), page 4. Access date: 25 February 2014.
4.Jump up ^ "Are All Religions Good?", The Watchtower, August 1, 2009, page 4, "Jehovah’s Witnesses, produce a reliable Bible translation known as the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. However, if you are not one of Jehovah’s Witnesses, you may prefer to use other translations"
5.^ Jump up to: a b New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, Revised 2013, Total Printed of All Editions of New World Translation: 208,366,928 copies - over 120 languages (updated February, 2014), bi12-E, p.4
6.^ Jump up to: a b The Chitumbuka NT 1984 edition has latest numbers and language list of 122 languages, (updated February 26, 2014), bi7-TB, p.4
7.Jump up ^ 2013 Annual Meeting Report: Languages New World Translation is published has increased from 52 to 121
8.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, 1 November 1959, p. 672: "Up until 1950 the teachings of Jehovah’s witnesses were based mainly upon the King James Version of the Bible"
9.Jump up ^ Botting, Heather; Gary Botting (1984). The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses. University of Toronto Press. p. 99. ISBN 0-8020-6545-7. "The King James Bible was used by the Witnesses prior to the release of their own version, which began with the Greek Scriptures, in 1950."
10.Jump up ^ "Announcements", The Watchtower, August 1, 1954, page 480
11.Jump up ^ "Bible Knowledge Made Plain Through Modern Translation", The Watchtower, October 15, 1961, page 636
12.Jump up ^ "Part Three—How the Bible Came to Us", The Watchtower, October 15, 1997, page 11, "With this objective, associates of the Society set out in 1946 to produce a fresh translation of the Scriptures. A translation committee of experienced anointed Christians was organized to produce the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures in English."
13.Jump up ^ "Stand Complete and With Firm Conviction—The New World Translation Appreciated by Millions Worldwide", The Watchtower, November 15, 2001, page 7.
14.Jump up ^ "How the Governing Body Differs From a Legal Corporation:, The Watchtower, January 15, 2001, page 30.
15.^ Jump up to: a b "New Bible Translation Completed, Released", The Watchtower, October 1, 1960, page 599.
16.Jump up ^ "New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures", The Watchtower, September 15, 1950, page 315.
17.Jump up ^ Watchtower October 1st, 1960 p. 601 par. 13
18.Jump up ^ Foreword, New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, 1984.
19.Jump up ^ All Scripture is Inspired of God and Beneficial 1990 p. 331
20.Jump up ^ New York Times, August 3, 1950 p. 19.
21.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, September 15, 1950, p. 320
22.Jump up ^ Walsh vs Honorable James Latham, Court of Session Scotland, 1954, cross examination of Frederick Franz pp. 90-92
23.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, November 15, 1950, p. 454
24.^ Jump up to: a b The Watchtower, December 15, 1974, p. 768.
25.Jump up ^ Tony Wills, M.A., A People For His Name—A History of Jehovah's Witnesses and An Evaluation, Lulu, 2006. Originally published in 1967 by Vantage Press. "[Frederick] Franz is a language scholar of no mean ability—he supervised the translation of the Bible from the original languages into the New World Translation, completed in 1961." (p. 253)
26.Jump up ^ Walter Martin, Kingdom of the Cults—Expanded Anniversary Edition, October 1997, Bethany House Publishers, p. 123-124. "the New World Bible translation committee had no known translators with recognized degrees in Greek or Hebrew exegesis or translation. While the members of the [NWT] committee have never been identified officially by the Watchtower, many Witnesses who worked at the headquarters during the translation period were fully aware of who the members were. They included Nathan H. Knorr (president of the Society at the time), Frederick W. Franz (who later succeeded Knorr as president), Albert D. Schroeder, George Gangas, and Milton Henschel'."
27.Jump up ^ Kenneth J. Baumgarten, A Critique of The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures ' Treatment of Nine Texts Employing ΘΕΟΣ In Reference to Jesus Christp. 14
28.^ Jump up to: a b A Milestone for Lovers of God's Word (Watchtower October 15, 1999 pp. 30-31)
29.Jump up ^ 2012 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, pg. 26
30.Jump up ^ "Jehovah's Witnesses distribute free Bibles", The Daytona Beach News-Journal, October 26, 2013
31.Jump up ^ How Can You Choose a Good Bible Translation? (Watchtower May 1, 2008 pages 18-22)
32.^ Jump up to: a b "All Scripture is Inspired of God and Beneficial" 1990 pp. 305-314
33.Jump up ^ How the Bible Came to Us, Appendix A3 of 2013 REVISION
34.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (1993) Chap. 27 p. 611, subheading Translation Into Other Languages.
35.Jump up ^ Appendix 7E in the New World Translation reference edition
36.Jump up ^ Revised New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. Accessed 14 October 2013.
37.Jump up ^ Insight on the Scriptures, Vol. II pg. 9, 1988; Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
38.Jump up ^ The Cairo Geniza, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1959, pg. 222
39.Jump up ^ Bowman, Robert M. Understanding Jehovah's Witnesses. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. 1991. P114
40.Jump up ^ Walter Martin, The Kingdom of the Cults Revised, Updated, and Expanded Anniversary Edition, Bethany House Publishers, Minneapolis, Minnesota 1997, Page 125.
41.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, August 1, 2008. Brooklyn, New York: Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. 2008. pp. 18–23.
42.Jump up ^ "Lord". Insight on the Scriptures 2. p. 267.
43.Jump up ^ "Announcements", Our Kingdom Ministry, September 1988, page 4
44.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, published by Jehovah's Witnesses, page 614
45.Jump up ^ "Study—Rewarding and Enjoyable", The Watchtower, October 1, 2000, page 16
46.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, published 1993 by Jehovah's Witnesses, "Chapter 27: Printing and Distributing God's Own Sacred Word", page 610
47.Jump up ^ ""Between-the-Lines" Translations of the Bible", The Watchtower, November 15, 1969, page 692.
48.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, September 1978, page 3
49.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, October 1981, page 7
50.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, February 15, 1990, page 32
51.Jump up ^ Watchtower Publications Index 1986-2007, "Compact Discs"
52.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, August 1983, pages 3-4
53.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, published 1993 by Jehovah's Witnesses, "Chapter 27: Printing and Distributing God's Own Sacred Word", pages 614-615
54.Jump up ^ Awake!, November, 2007 p. 30
55.Jump up ^ 2007 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, published by Jehovah's Witnesses, pages 21-22
56.Jump up ^ Sign Language Connection on jw.org
57.Jump up ^ "The Compact Disc—What Is It All About?", Awake!, April 22, 1994, page 23
58.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, September 2007, page 3.
59.Jump up ^ "Watch Tower Online Library". Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. Retrieved 2014-11-07.
60.Jump up ^ "Online Bible-Jehovah’s Witnesses: jw.org". Watch Tower Society. Retrieved 2012-10-27.
61.Jump up ^ "JW Library APP-Jehovah’s Witnesses". Watch Tower Society. Retrieved 2012-10-27.
62.Jump up ^ Robert G. Bratcher, "English Bible, The" The HarperCollins Bible Dictionary (revised and updated edition of Harper's Bible Dictionary, 1st ed. c1985), HarperCollins Publishers/The Society of Biblical Literature, 1996, p. 292.
63.Jump up ^ G. HÉBERT/EDS, "Jehovah's Witnesses", The New Catholic Encyclopedia, Gale, 20052, Vol. 7, p. 751.
64.Jump up ^ Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol. 74, No. 4, (Dec. 1955), p. 283.
65.Jump up ^ Interview quotation as cited by: "The Bible in Modern Times", "All Scripture Is Inspired of God and Beneficial", ©1990 Watch Tower, page 326
66.Jump up ^ H.H. Rowley, How Not To Translate the Bible, The Expository Times, 1953; 65; 41
67.Jump up ^ Life Magazine, July 1, 1953, Photo here
68.Jump up ^ "“Walk in the Name of Jehovah Our God for Ever”", The Watchtower, September 1, 1953, page 528, "Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society released Volume I of the New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures to the New World Society Assembly of Jehovah’s Witnesses at Yankee Stadium, New York city, N. Y., Wednesday afternoon, July 22, 1953."
69.Jump up ^ "The Bible in Modern Times", All Scripture..., ©1990 Watch Tower
70.Jump up ^ Jason D. BeDuhn, Truth in Translation: Accuracy and Bias in English Translations of the New Testament, 2004, pages 163, 165, 169, 175, 176. BeDuhn compared the King James, the (New) Revised Standard, the New International, the New American Bible, the New American Standard Bible, the Amplified Bible, the Living Bible, Today's English and the NWT versions in Matthew 28:9, Philippians 2:6, Colossians 1:15-20, Titus 2:13, Hebrews 1:8, John 8:58, John 1:1.
71.^ Jump up to: a b See Ankerberg, John and John Weldon, 2003, The New World Translation of the Jehovah's Witnesses, accessible online
72.Jump up ^ Dr. Mantey made this comment on videotape. See the video "Witnesses of Jehovah", distributed by Impact Resources, P.O. Box 1169, Murrieta, CA, 92564
73.Jump up ^ R. Rhodes, The Challenge of the Cults and New Religions, The Essential Guide to Their History, Their Doctrine, and Our Response, Zondervan, 2001, p. 94
74.Jump up ^ "Loyally advocating the Word of God," The Watchtower (15 March 1982), p. 23.
75.Jump up ^ Metzger>UBS Metzger, Bruce M, The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures, The Bible Translator 15/3 (July 1964), p. 151.
76.Jump up ^ Bruce M. Metzger, "Jehovah's Witnesses and Jesus Christ," Theology Today, (April 1953 p. 74); see also Metzger, "The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures,".
77.Jump up ^ The faiths men live by, Kessinger Publishing, 1954, 239. ISBN 1-4254-8652-5.
78.Jump up ^ Alexander Thomson, The Differentiator, 1952, 55,57 No. 2, 6
79.Jump up ^ Thomas N. Winter, Review of New World Bible Translation Committee's The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures, Classics and Religious Studies Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Department, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, April–May 1974: 376
80.Jump up ^ "Jehovah's Witnesses and their New Testament." Andover Newton Quarterly. 3.3 (1963): 31.
Further information[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures
Online editions[edit]
New World Translation - Study Edition - Watchtower Online Library
Online Bible (1984 and 2013)
Supportive[edit]
Stafford, Greg: Jehovah's Witnesses Defended. [ISBN 0-9659814-7-9]
Furuli, Rolf: The Role of Theology and Bias in Bible Translation: With a special look at the New World Translation of Jehovah's Witnesses, 1999. [ISBN 0-9659814-9-5]
Byatt, Anthony and Flemings, Hal (editors): 'Your Word is Truth', Essays in Celebration of the 50th Anniversary of the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (1950, 1953), 2004. [ISBN 0-9506212-6-9]
The Coptic Evidence
In Defense of the New World Translation at the Wayback Machine (archived December 18, 2007)
Neutral[edit]
BeDuhn, Jason: Truth in Translation - Accuracy and Bias in English Translations of the New Testament [ISBN 0-7618-2556-8]
The Names of God. Their Pronunciation and Their Translation. A Digital Tour of Some of the Main Witnesses.
Critical[edit]
Metzger, Bruce Manning, The Jehovah's Witnesses and Jesus Christ: A Biblical and Theological Appraisal (Theology Today (April 1953), pp. 65-85).
"The New World Translation: What the Scholars Really Said" (www.forananswer.org)
Tetragrammaton in the New Testament
Kenneth J. Baumgarten, A Critique of The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures ' Treatment of Nine Texts Employing ΘΕΟΣ In Reference to Jesus Christ, South African Theological Seminary 2007.
Robert Countess: Jehovah's Witnesses' New Testament: A Critical Analysis, [ISBN 0-87552-210-6]
NWT and the Deity of Christ - A table showing NWT changes to key Christological passages, written from an evangelical perspective
Hiding the Divine Name Article critical of the Kingdom Interlinear Translation
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The Watchtower
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For other uses, see Watchtower (disambiguation).
The Watchtower
Watchtower Magazine English issues.jpg
Covers of the Public and Study editions of The Watchtower
Categories
Religious
Frequency
Semimonthly
Circulation
52,946,000 printed - Public Edition (1st of month), 14,974,000 printed - Study Edition (15th of month)
Publisher
Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York Inc.
First issue
July 1879
Company
Jehovah's Witnesses
Based in
United States
Language
243 languages
Website
www.jw.org
ISSN
2325-5838
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom is an illustrated religious magazine, published semimonthly in 243 languages[1] by Jehovah's Witnesses via the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania and printed in various branch offices around the world. Along with its companion magazine, Awake!, Jehovah's Witnesses distribute The Watchtower—Public Edition in their door-to-door ministry.[2][3] The Watchtower—Public Edition is the most widely circulated magazine in the world, with an average print run of nearly 53,000,000 copies per month;[4][5] The Watchtower—Study Edition is used at congregation meetings, with an average monthly print run of nearly 15,000,000.[6]
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Purpose
3 Content 3.1 Public Edition
3.2 Study Edition
3.3 Authorship
4 Distribution 4.1 Accessibility
4.2 Cost
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence, October 1, 1907
The publication was started by Charles Taze Russell on July 1, 1879 under the title Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence. According to its first issue, the magazine's purpose was to draw attention to Russell's belief that people of the time were "living 'in the last days' 'the day of the Lord'—'the end' of the Gospel age," and that "the dawn of the 'new' age, are facts not only discernible by the close student of the Word, led by the spirit, but the outward signs recognizable by the world bear the same testimony."[7]
In 1908 the name was changed to The Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence. In 1920, the Watch Tower Society reprinted all issues from 1879–1919 in seven volumes, known as the Watchtower Reprints, which have since been reprinted by various Bible Student groups. On 15 October 1931, the magazine was renamed The Watchtower and Herald of Christ's Presence; in January 1939, The Watchtower and Herald of Christ's Kingdom; from March 1939 until the present, its full name has been The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom.[8]
Purpose[edit]
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The stated purpose of The Watchtower, as suggested by its subtitle, Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom, is to draw attention to the kingdom of God, which Jehovah's Witnesses believe is a real government that will soon replace all earthly governments. According to the magazine's mission statement:[9]
THIS MAGAZINE, The Watchtower, honors Jehovah God, the Ruler of the universe. It comforts people with the good news that God’s heavenly Kingdom will soon end all wickedness and transform the earth into a paradise. It promotes faith in Jesus Christ, who died so that we might gain everlasting life and who is now ruling as King of God’s Kingdom. This magazine has been published continuously since 1879 and is nonpolitical. It adheres to the Bible as its authority.
Content[edit]
The Watchtower is the primary means of spreading the teachings of Jehovah's Witnesses, and includes articles relating to Bible prophecy, Christian conduct and morals, as well as the history of religion and the Bible.
The Witnesses' worldwide "Field Service" report appeared each year in the January 1 issue of The Watchtower from 1882 until 2004, and in the February 1 issue from 2005 to 2007. As of 2008, the "Field Service" report does not appear in The Watchtower but continues to appear in the annual Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses,[10] and on the official website.[11][12]
Previously, each issue of the Watchtower contained study articles and other regular features and was distributed to the general public. As of 2008, two editions of The Watchtower are produced each month. The issue dated the 1st of each month is distributed to the public and is referred to as the Public Edition. The subjects covered in the issue as well as the style of writing are intended to appeal to non-Witnesses. The issue dated the 15th, called the Study Edition, contains "pointed information prepared especially for Jehovah’s Witnesses" and is generally distributed only to members but is made available to members of the public attending the study of The Watchtower at congregation meetings.[13][14]
Public Edition[edit]
The Public Edition of The Watchtower contains biblical articles relating to a monthly theme shown on the cover. Other regular sections are:
A Letter From..., a first-person account from a Jehovah's Witness in a specific country;
Did You Know?, a consideration of questions relating to a specific biblical account;
Draw Close to God, an article about an aspect of God's personality;
For Young People, an exercise for children to answer questions about a biblical account, based on illustrations and cited scriptures (as of January 2013, this feature appears only on the website)
Imitate their Faith an article about a Bible character;
Keys to Family Happiness, advice on how to deal with family problems;
Bible Questions Answered, a consideration of Bible questions based on chapters from their publication What Does the Bible Really Teach?;
Interview, an interview with someone who became a Jehovah's Witnesses, and why;
My Bible Lessons, a series to help parents teach biblical ideas to infants (as of January 2013, this feature appears only on the website);
Our Readers Ask, a consideration of beliefs specific to Jehovah's Witnesses;
Teach Your Children, a moral lesson for children based on a specific Bible character (as of January 2013, this feature appears only on the website);
The Bible Changes Lives, brief life stories of Jehovah's Witnesses relating how the Bible helped them;
As of January 2013, The Watchtower—Public Edition has been reduced from 32 to 16 pages, with greater focus on the official Jehovah's Witnesses website.
Study Edition[edit]
The Study Edition contains study articles written for the Watchtower Study, as well as other intra-organizational information directed to current and prospective members.[15]
Congregations of Jehovah's Witnesses worldwide discuss the same article each week at the Watchtower Study. In this meeting, each paragraph is read aloud by a designated reader, after which the conductor asks the question printed at the bottom of the page for that paragraph; members of the congregation are then called upon to answer the questions based on the printed information. They are encouraged to put the information in their own words and to "draw attention to scripture application, supporting arguments, or practical application of the material."[16]
Many study articles in The Watchtower are based on outlines from discourses presented at District Conventions of Jehovah's Witnesses.[17][18]
Other regular sections of the Study Edition are:
Cover art, (monthly, from January 2012) a picture of Jehovah's Witnesses preaching, with the original photograph on page 2 and facts about the preaching work in the nation depicted;[19]
From Our Archives (semi-regularly, from January 2012), an article about the organization's history;
Questions From Readers (semi-regularly), a consideration of a doctrinal question based on a specific scripture;
Do You Remember? (three times each year), a brief summary of points from recent issues of the magazine.
The November issue of each year contains an article outlining the various ways that donations can be made to support the activities of Jehovah's Witnesses.
Authorship[edit]
The Writing Committee of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses oversees the research, editing, and development of the articles[citation needed]. The articles are mostly contributed by writing committees from worldwide branch offices, which are then checked by editors and translated into the languages of publication; all involved are volunteers.[20] Women are permitted to write articles that are not of a doctrinal nature.[21] The names of the authors (except in first-person life stories), and other publishing staff are never included in the magazine. All articles are produced under the authority and supervision of the Governing Body; the content is therefore considered the official teachings of Jehovah's Witnesses.[22]
Distribution[edit]
Since the first issue of The Watchtower in 1879, with 6,000 copies printed, circulation of The Watchtower continued to increase, and the magazine has not missed an issue.[23] The magazine is printed in nineteen different countries;[24] about 25% of the total is printed at one of the organization's printeries in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
The Public Edition has an average monthly print run of about 53,000,000 copies, making it the magazine with the largest circulation in the world.[4] The monthly print run of the Study Edition is not stated in the English edition; the Russian edition states a print run of nearly 15,000,000.
The magazine is distributed by Jehovah's Witnesses, who consider their preaching work to be a public service. Witnesses commonly offer these magazines in the course of their house-to-house ministry. They are also distributed by approaching people in public places, or given informally to doctors, academics, politicians and acquaintances. The Watchtower may also be seen left as reading material in public places, including bus terminals, or laundromats. The Watch Tower Society advises against distribution practices such as mailbox drops and placing large stacks in public places, which they consider to be less effective methods of arousing interest compared to personal presentation of the literature.[25]
Accessibility[edit]
In addition to printed editions, The Watchtower has been published in other forms. Since 1997, Jehovah's Witnesses' official web sites have carried articles formatted for the Internet,[26] and began hosting digital downloads in 2008.[27] Specific accessibility efforts include:
Braille: In 1976, The Watchtower became available in Grade II English Braille.
Audio: In 1988, articles from The Watchtower were recorded on audio cassette, and later on audio CD; audio cassettes are no longer produced. From 2004 until 2009, The Watchtower was released on CD in MP3 format; digital files are now available for download in MP3 and AAC/M4B formats. As of September 2013, digital files for The Watchtower—Simplified Edition are also available for download in these formats.
Sign language: Since 2003, study articles have been released in American Sign Language on videocassette. Since 2004 The Watchtower has been made available monthly in American Sign Language on DVD, and in other sign languages as the publishers consider practical. Sign language videos of selected past articles are available for download.
Simplified Edition: In July 2011, the The Watchtower—Study Edition was published in simplified English on a trial basis.[28] From the January 2013 issue, the Simplified Edition is also available in other languages.[29]
Digital formats. As of 2010, study articles from The Watchtower—Study Edition have been made available as PDF files. PDF files of the public edition of The Watchtower have been available for download since August 1, 2010, and the complete study edition is available as of the February 15, 2011 issue. It has since been made available in various other digital formats, including MOBI and Rich Text Format.
Cost[edit]
Until March 1990, The Watchtower and its companion Awake! were available for a small charge that varied over time and in different countries. For example, in the United States, the suggested donation per issue was $0.05 in 1950,[30] gradually increasing to $0.25 in 1989.[31] On January 17, 1990, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled against Jimmy Swaggart that sales of religious literature were subject to taxation,[32] which introduced ambiguity into the formerly tax-free practice of suggesting a specific amount in exchange for the magazines. The Watch Tower Society supported Swaggart in the case, arguing that the perceived sale of religious literature should be exempt from taxation.[33]
From March 1, 1990, the journals were made available at no cost, on a freewill donation basis in the United States, with the stated purpose of simplifying their Bible educational work and distinguishing themselves from those who commercialize religion.[34] The article "Use Our Literature Wisely", which appeared in the May 1990 issue of Our Kingdom Ministry, stated that "there are growing pressures against all religious elements" and went on to say that their main concern was to move ahead in the worldwide preaching work, "without hindrance."
The sale of Jehovah's Witnesses' literature was gradually phased out in other countries, and The Watchtower has been distributed free of charge worldwide since January 2000, its printing being funded by voluntary donations from Jehovah's Witnesses and members of the public.[35]
See also[edit]
Jehovah's Witnesses publications
List of Watch Tower Society publications
List of magazines by circulation
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, August 1, 2015, page 2
2.Jump up ^ "The New Study Edition of The Watchtower". The Watchtower. January 15, 2008.
3.Jump up ^ Holden, A. (2002). Jehovah's Witnesses: Portrait of a Contemporary Religious Movement. Routledge. p. 67.
4.^ Jump up to: a b "The Watchtower" (PDF). Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. January 1, 2015. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
5.Jump up ^ Meares, Joel (May 13, 2010). "The Most Widely Read Magazine in the World". The New York Review of Magazines (Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism). Retrieved March 26, 2011.
6.Jump up ^ The Watchtower Study Edition, January 15, 2015, page 2 (russian)
7.Jump up ^ Watch Tower, July 1, 1879
8.Jump up ^ Watch Tower Publications, Watchtower Publications Index, 2008
9.Jump up ^ The Watchtower: Pg.2. January 1, 2013. Missing or empty |title= (help)
10.Jump up ^ 1981 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 7
11.Jump up ^ Report of Jehovah's Witness-Simple at bottom
12.Jump up ^ Worldwide Report of Jehovah's Witnesses in 2013 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, pages 178-187.
13.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, July 2007, p. 1 Exciting Changes for The Watchtower!
14.Jump up ^ "You Are Warmly Invited", The Watchtower, February 1, 2009, page 21, "The Watchtower Study begins with a song. The information discussed and the questions posed by the conductor appear in the study edition of this magazine. You may obtain a copy of the study edition from one of Jehovah’s Witnesses."
15.Jump up ^ "Jehovah's Witnesses—Featured Items". Retrieved 2009-01-14.
16.Jump up ^ "Overseers Taking the Lead—The Watchtower Study Conductor". Our Kingdom Ministry: 8. December 1998.
17.Jump up ^ "Follow the Christ District Convention Program". 2007.
18.Jump up ^ The Watchtower. 15 July 2009; 15 September 2009. Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
19.Jump up ^ Yes, This is the Study Edition!, The Watchtower, January 15, 2012, page 3.
20.Jump up ^ "Jehovah’s Witnesses—1994 Yearbook Report", 1994 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, ©Watch Tower, page 29, "The Watchtower is regularly printed in 116 languages. During the past year, many of the translation teams that care for languages used in the magazines were being strengthened, and those that are working on another 70 languages were being trained. Included among these are languages used in Eastern Europe, southern Asia, and Africa, as well as among Indian tribes in South America, and by peoples on the Pacific islands. Developing such teams involves locating, training, and equipping translators, checkers, and proofreaders. All of these must be dedicated Christians, volunteers who are also able to make themselves available for such work."
21.Jump up ^ Branch Organization Manual. Watch Tower Society. pp. 24–1. "Those used as writers must be dedicated, baptized brothers or sisters in good standing with their local congregations and who have writing ability. ... Some articles will deal with spiritual matters, and these should be written by brothers."
22.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, March 1, 1987, page 15,
"Each article in both The Watchtower and Awake! and every page, including the artwork, is scrutinized by selected members of the Governing Body before it is printed."
23.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, July, 1979, page 1
24.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, November 1, 2005, page 27
25.Jump up ^ "Question Box", Our Kingdom Ministry, March 1988, page 4, "Perhaps some back issues of the magazines could be distributed free when visiting nursing homes and hospitals. They could be left at Laundromats or in the lobbies of residential buildings where our work is restricted. However, good judgment should be exercised as to how many and how often magazines are left at one place. ...No literature of any kind should be left in mailboxes"
26.Jump up ^ "Good News on the Internet", Our Kingdom Ministry, November 1997, page 3, "Our Internet Web site has the address http://www.watchtower.org and contains a selection of tracts, brochures, and Watchtower and Awake! articles." (In September 2012, the official website changed to http://www.jw.org.)
27.Jump up ^ "Announcements", Our Kingdom Ministry, June 2008, page 3, "Since January 2008, audio files of The Watchtower and Awake! in English and Spanish have been made available at the Web site www.jw.org.".
28.Jump up ^ ws_E_20110715 - Retrieved 2011-04-15. "This new edition will be tried for one year, and if it is helpful, it will continue to be printed." (Introduction letter, p. 3.)
29.Jump up ^ Global News - Simplifying The Watchtower, August, 15, 2012
30.Jump up ^ The Watchtower: 4. May 15, 1950. Missing or empty |title= (help)
31.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 2. October 1989. Missing or empty |title= (help)
32.Jump up ^ Swaggart Ministries v. California Board of Equalization, 493 U.S. 378 (1990)
33.Jump up ^ Edmond C. Gruss (2003). The Four Presidents of the Watch Tower Society (Jehovah's Witnesses). Xulon Press. pp. 72–73.
34.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 7. May 1990. "At the end of February 1990, it was explained that magazines and literature will be provided to publishers and to the interested public on a complete donation basis, that is, without asking or suggesting that a specific contribution be made as a precondition to receiving an item." Missing or empty |title= (help)
35.Jump up ^ 2001 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses. p. 18. "Another factor in reaching more people with the good news has been the simplified literature distribution arrangement. ... The voluntary donation arrangement is explained to people, but no charge is made for the literature. As of January 2000, that arrangement was extended to all lands where it was not already in operation."
External links[edit]
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Watchtower
The Watchtower
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Watchtower (disambiguation).
The Watchtower
Watchtower Magazine English issues.jpg
Covers of the Public and Study editions of The Watchtower
Categories
Religious
Frequency
Semimonthly
Circulation
52,946,000 printed - Public Edition (1st of month), 14,974,000 printed - Study Edition (15th of month)
Publisher
Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York Inc.
First issue
July 1879
Company
Jehovah's Witnesses
Based in
United States
Language
243 languages
Website
www.jw.org
ISSN
2325-5838
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom is an illustrated religious magazine, published semimonthly in 243 languages[1] by Jehovah's Witnesses via the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania and printed in various branch offices around the world. Along with its companion magazine, Awake!, Jehovah's Witnesses distribute The Watchtower—Public Edition in their door-to-door ministry.[2][3] The Watchtower—Public Edition is the most widely circulated magazine in the world, with an average print run of nearly 53,000,000 copies per month;[4][5] The Watchtower—Study Edition is used at congregation meetings, with an average monthly print run of nearly 15,000,000.[6]
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Purpose
3 Content 3.1 Public Edition
3.2 Study Edition
3.3 Authorship
4 Distribution 4.1 Accessibility
4.2 Cost
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence, October 1, 1907
The publication was started by Charles Taze Russell on July 1, 1879 under the title Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence. According to its first issue, the magazine's purpose was to draw attention to Russell's belief that people of the time were "living 'in the last days' 'the day of the Lord'—'the end' of the Gospel age," and that "the dawn of the 'new' age, are facts not only discernible by the close student of the Word, led by the spirit, but the outward signs recognizable by the world bear the same testimony."[7]
In 1908 the name was changed to The Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence. In 1920, the Watch Tower Society reprinted all issues from 1879–1919 in seven volumes, known as the Watchtower Reprints, which have since been reprinted by various Bible Student groups. On 15 October 1931, the magazine was renamed The Watchtower and Herald of Christ's Presence; in January 1939, The Watchtower and Herald of Christ's Kingdom; from March 1939 until the present, its full name has been The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom.[8]
Purpose[edit]
Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses
Overview
Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
and Tract Society
Corporations
History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions
Demographics
By country
Beliefs ·
Practices
Salvation ·
Eschatology
The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
God's name
Blood ·
Discipline
Literature
The Watchtower ·
Awake!
New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
George Storrs ·
N. H. Barbour
John Nelson Darby
Notable former members
Raymond Franz ·
Olin Moyle
Opposition
Criticism ·
Persecution
Supreme Court cases
by country
v ·
t ·
e
The stated purpose of The Watchtower, as suggested by its subtitle, Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom, is to draw attention to the kingdom of God, which Jehovah's Witnesses believe is a real government that will soon replace all earthly governments. According to the magazine's mission statement:[9]
THIS MAGAZINE, The Watchtower, honors Jehovah God, the Ruler of the universe. It comforts people with the good news that God’s heavenly Kingdom will soon end all wickedness and transform the earth into a paradise. It promotes faith in Jesus Christ, who died so that we might gain everlasting life and who is now ruling as King of God’s Kingdom. This magazine has been published continuously since 1879 and is nonpolitical. It adheres to the Bible as its authority.
Content[edit]
The Watchtower is the primary means of spreading the teachings of Jehovah's Witnesses, and includes articles relating to Bible prophecy, Christian conduct and morals, as well as the history of religion and the Bible.
The Witnesses' worldwide "Field Service" report appeared each year in the January 1 issue of The Watchtower from 1882 until 2004, and in the February 1 issue from 2005 to 2007. As of 2008, the "Field Service" report does not appear in The Watchtower but continues to appear in the annual Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses,[10] and on the official website.[11][12]
Previously, each issue of the Watchtower contained study articles and other regular features and was distributed to the general public. As of 2008, two editions of The Watchtower are produced each month. The issue dated the 1st of each month is distributed to the public and is referred to as the Public Edition. The subjects covered in the issue as well as the style of writing are intended to appeal to non-Witnesses. The issue dated the 15th, called the Study Edition, contains "pointed information prepared especially for Jehovah’s Witnesses" and is generally distributed only to members but is made available to members of the public attending the study of The Watchtower at congregation meetings.[13][14]
Public Edition[edit]
The Public Edition of The Watchtower contains biblical articles relating to a monthly theme shown on the cover. Other regular sections are:
A Letter From..., a first-person account from a Jehovah's Witness in a specific country;
Did You Know?, a consideration of questions relating to a specific biblical account;
Draw Close to God, an article about an aspect of God's personality;
For Young People, an exercise for children to answer questions about a biblical account, based on illustrations and cited scriptures (as of January 2013, this feature appears only on the website)
Imitate their Faith an article about a Bible character;
Keys to Family Happiness, advice on how to deal with family problems;
Bible Questions Answered, a consideration of Bible questions based on chapters from their publication What Does the Bible Really Teach?;
Interview, an interview with someone who became a Jehovah's Witnesses, and why;
My Bible Lessons, a series to help parents teach biblical ideas to infants (as of January 2013, this feature appears only on the website);
Our Readers Ask, a consideration of beliefs specific to Jehovah's Witnesses;
Teach Your Children, a moral lesson for children based on a specific Bible character (as of January 2013, this feature appears only on the website);
The Bible Changes Lives, brief life stories of Jehovah's Witnesses relating how the Bible helped them;
As of January 2013, The Watchtower—Public Edition has been reduced from 32 to 16 pages, with greater focus on the official Jehovah's Witnesses website.
Study Edition[edit]
The Study Edition contains study articles written for the Watchtower Study, as well as other intra-organizational information directed to current and prospective members.[15]
Congregations of Jehovah's Witnesses worldwide discuss the same article each week at the Watchtower Study. In this meeting, each paragraph is read aloud by a designated reader, after which the conductor asks the question printed at the bottom of the page for that paragraph; members of the congregation are then called upon to answer the questions based on the printed information. They are encouraged to put the information in their own words and to "draw attention to scripture application, supporting arguments, or practical application of the material."[16]
Many study articles in The Watchtower are based on outlines from discourses presented at District Conventions of Jehovah's Witnesses.[17][18]
Other regular sections of the Study Edition are:
Cover art, (monthly, from January 2012) a picture of Jehovah's Witnesses preaching, with the original photograph on page 2 and facts about the preaching work in the nation depicted;[19]
From Our Archives (semi-regularly, from January 2012), an article about the organization's history;
Questions From Readers (semi-regularly), a consideration of a doctrinal question based on a specific scripture;
Do You Remember? (three times each year), a brief summary of points from recent issues of the magazine.
The November issue of each year contains an article outlining the various ways that donations can be made to support the activities of Jehovah's Witnesses.
Authorship[edit]
The Writing Committee of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses oversees the research, editing, and development of the articles[citation needed]. The articles are mostly contributed by writing committees from worldwide branch offices, which are then checked by editors and translated into the languages of publication; all involved are volunteers.[20] Women are permitted to write articles that are not of a doctrinal nature.[21] The names of the authors (except in first-person life stories), and other publishing staff are never included in the magazine. All articles are produced under the authority and supervision of the Governing Body; the content is therefore considered the official teachings of Jehovah's Witnesses.[22]
Distribution[edit]
Since the first issue of The Watchtower in 1879, with 6,000 copies printed, circulation of The Watchtower continued to increase, and the magazine has not missed an issue.[23] The magazine is printed in nineteen different countries;[24] about 25% of the total is printed at one of the organization's printeries in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
The Public Edition has an average monthly print run of about 53,000,000 copies, making it the magazine with the largest circulation in the world.[4] The monthly print run of the Study Edition is not stated in the English edition; the Russian edition states a print run of nearly 15,000,000.
The magazine is distributed by Jehovah's Witnesses, who consider their preaching work to be a public service. Witnesses commonly offer these magazines in the course of their house-to-house ministry. They are also distributed by approaching people in public places, or given informally to doctors, academics, politicians and acquaintances. The Watchtower may also be seen left as reading material in public places, including bus terminals, or laundromats. The Watch Tower Society advises against distribution practices such as mailbox drops and placing large stacks in public places, which they consider to be less effective methods of arousing interest compared to personal presentation of the literature.[25]
Accessibility[edit]
In addition to printed editions, The Watchtower has been published in other forms. Since 1997, Jehovah's Witnesses' official web sites have carried articles formatted for the Internet,[26] and began hosting digital downloads in 2008.[27] Specific accessibility efforts include:
Braille: In 1976, The Watchtower became available in Grade II English Braille.
Audio: In 1988, articles from The Watchtower were recorded on audio cassette, and later on audio CD; audio cassettes are no longer produced. From 2004 until 2009, The Watchtower was released on CD in MP3 format; digital files are now available for download in MP3 and AAC/M4B formats. As of September 2013, digital files for The Watchtower—Simplified Edition are also available for download in these formats.
Sign language: Since 2003, study articles have been released in American Sign Language on videocassette. Since 2004 The Watchtower has been made available monthly in American Sign Language on DVD, and in other sign languages as the publishers consider practical. Sign language videos of selected past articles are available for download.
Simplified Edition: In July 2011, the The Watchtower—Study Edition was published in simplified English on a trial basis.[28] From the January 2013 issue, the Simplified Edition is also available in other languages.[29]
Digital formats. As of 2010, study articles from The Watchtower—Study Edition have been made available as PDF files. PDF files of the public edition of The Watchtower have been available for download since August 1, 2010, and the complete study edition is available as of the February 15, 2011 issue. It has since been made available in various other digital formats, including MOBI and Rich Text Format.
Cost[edit]
Until March 1990, The Watchtower and its companion Awake! were available for a small charge that varied over time and in different countries. For example, in the United States, the suggested donation per issue was $0.05 in 1950,[30] gradually increasing to $0.25 in 1989.[31] On January 17, 1990, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled against Jimmy Swaggart that sales of religious literature were subject to taxation,[32] which introduced ambiguity into the formerly tax-free practice of suggesting a specific amount in exchange for the magazines. The Watch Tower Society supported Swaggart in the case, arguing that the perceived sale of religious literature should be exempt from taxation.[33]
From March 1, 1990, the journals were made available at no cost, on a freewill donation basis in the United States, with the stated purpose of simplifying their Bible educational work and distinguishing themselves from those who commercialize religion.[34] The article "Use Our Literature Wisely", which appeared in the May 1990 issue of Our Kingdom Ministry, stated that "there are growing pressures against all religious elements" and went on to say that their main concern was to move ahead in the worldwide preaching work, "without hindrance."
The sale of Jehovah's Witnesses' literature was gradually phased out in other countries, and The Watchtower has been distributed free of charge worldwide since January 2000, its printing being funded by voluntary donations from Jehovah's Witnesses and members of the public.[35]
See also[edit]
Jehovah's Witnesses publications
List of Watch Tower Society publications
List of magazines by circulation
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, August 1, 2015, page 2
2.Jump up ^ "The New Study Edition of The Watchtower". The Watchtower. January 15, 2008.
3.Jump up ^ Holden, A. (2002). Jehovah's Witnesses: Portrait of a Contemporary Religious Movement. Routledge. p. 67.
4.^ Jump up to: a b "The Watchtower" (PDF). Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. January 1, 2015. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
5.Jump up ^ Meares, Joel (May 13, 2010). "The Most Widely Read Magazine in the World". The New York Review of Magazines (Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism). Retrieved March 26, 2011.
6.Jump up ^ The Watchtower Study Edition, January 15, 2015, page 2 (russian)
7.Jump up ^ Watch Tower, July 1, 1879
8.Jump up ^ Watch Tower Publications, Watchtower Publications Index, 2008
9.Jump up ^ The Watchtower: Pg.2. January 1, 2013. Missing or empty |title= (help)
10.Jump up ^ 1981 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 7
11.Jump up ^ Report of Jehovah's Witness-Simple at bottom
12.Jump up ^ Worldwide Report of Jehovah's Witnesses in 2013 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, pages 178-187.
13.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, July 2007, p. 1 Exciting Changes for The Watchtower!
14.Jump up ^ "You Are Warmly Invited", The Watchtower, February 1, 2009, page 21, "The Watchtower Study begins with a song. The information discussed and the questions posed by the conductor appear in the study edition of this magazine. You may obtain a copy of the study edition from one of Jehovah’s Witnesses."
15.Jump up ^ "Jehovah's Witnesses—Featured Items". Retrieved 2009-01-14.
16.Jump up ^ "Overseers Taking the Lead—The Watchtower Study Conductor". Our Kingdom Ministry: 8. December 1998.
17.Jump up ^ "Follow the Christ District Convention Program". 2007.
18.Jump up ^ The Watchtower. 15 July 2009; 15 September 2009. Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
19.Jump up ^ Yes, This is the Study Edition!, The Watchtower, January 15, 2012, page 3.
20.Jump up ^ "Jehovah’s Witnesses—1994 Yearbook Report", 1994 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, ©Watch Tower, page 29, "The Watchtower is regularly printed in 116 languages. During the past year, many of the translation teams that care for languages used in the magazines were being strengthened, and those that are working on another 70 languages were being trained. Included among these are languages used in Eastern Europe, southern Asia, and Africa, as well as among Indian tribes in South America, and by peoples on the Pacific islands. Developing such teams involves locating, training, and equipping translators, checkers, and proofreaders. All of these must be dedicated Christians, volunteers who are also able to make themselves available for such work."
21.Jump up ^ Branch Organization Manual. Watch Tower Society. pp. 24–1. "Those used as writers must be dedicated, baptized brothers or sisters in good standing with their local congregations and who have writing ability. ... Some articles will deal with spiritual matters, and these should be written by brothers."
22.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, March 1, 1987, page 15,
"Each article in both The Watchtower and Awake! and every page, including the artwork, is scrutinized by selected members of the Governing Body before it is printed."
23.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, July, 1979, page 1
24.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, November 1, 2005, page 27
25.Jump up ^ "Question Box", Our Kingdom Ministry, March 1988, page 4, "Perhaps some back issues of the magazines could be distributed free when visiting nursing homes and hospitals. They could be left at Laundromats or in the lobbies of residential buildings where our work is restricted. However, good judgment should be exercised as to how many and how often magazines are left at one place. ...No literature of any kind should be left in mailboxes"
26.Jump up ^ "Good News on the Internet", Our Kingdom Ministry, November 1997, page 3, "Our Internet Web site has the address http://www.watchtower.org and contains a selection of tracts, brochures, and Watchtower and Awake! articles." (In September 2012, the official website changed to http://www.jw.org.)
27.Jump up ^ "Announcements", Our Kingdom Ministry, June 2008, page 3, "Since January 2008, audio files of The Watchtower and Awake! in English and Spanish have been made available at the Web site www.jw.org.".
28.Jump up ^ ws_E_20110715 - Retrieved 2011-04-15. "This new edition will be tried for one year, and if it is helpful, it will continue to be printed." (Introduction letter, p. 3.)
29.Jump up ^ Global News - Simplifying The Watchtower, August, 15, 2012
30.Jump up ^ The Watchtower: 4. May 15, 1950. Missing or empty |title= (help)
31.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 2. October 1989. Missing or empty |title= (help)
32.Jump up ^ Swaggart Ministries v. California Board of Equalization, 493 U.S. 378 (1990)
33.Jump up ^ Edmond C. Gruss (2003). The Four Presidents of the Watch Tower Society (Jehovah's Witnesses). Xulon Press. pp. 72–73.
34.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 7. May 1990. "At the end of February 1990, it was explained that magazines and literature will be provided to publishers and to the interested public on a complete donation basis, that is, without asking or suggesting that a specific contribution be made as a precondition to receiving an item." Missing or empty |title= (help)
35.Jump up ^ 2001 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses. p. 18. "Another factor in reaching more people with the good news has been the simplified literature distribution arrangement. ... The voluntary donation arrangement is explained to people, but no charge is made for the literature. As of January 2000, that arrangement was extended to all lands where it was not already in operation."
External links[edit]
The Watchtower and Awake! Magazines
Watch Tower Reprints (1879–1916)
Categories: 1879 in religion
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Watchtower
List of Watch Tower Society publications
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about literature produced by the Watch Tower Society since its inception. For additional information about literature used by Jehovah's Witnesses, see Jehovah's Witnesses publications.
Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses
Overview
Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
and Tract Society
Corporations
History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions
Demographics
By country
Beliefs ·
Practices
Salvation ·
Eschatology
The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
God's name
Blood ·
Discipline
Literature
The Watchtower ·
Awake!
New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
George Storrs ·
N. H. Barbour
John Nelson Darby
Notable former members
Raymond Franz ·
Olin Moyle
Opposition
Criticism ·
Persecution
Supreme Court cases
by country
v ·
t ·
e
The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society produces religious literature primarily for use by Jehovah's Witnesses. The organization's international writing, artwork, translation, and printery workforce are all baptized Jehovah's Witnesses. Since 2001, the literature produced by the Watch Tower Society is said to have been "published by Jehovah's Witnesses". Prior to 1931, the Watch Tower Society produced literature for the Bible Student movement.
Unbulleted publications are generally out of print and considered obsolete. Indented publications are superseded by more recent publications.
Contents [hide]
1 Bible translations
2 Books 2.1 Reference works
2.2 For daily use
2.3 Yearbook
2.4 For use in formal Bible studies 2.4.1 Primary study aids
2.4.2 Secondary study aids
2.4.3 Supplementary study aids
2.5 For use in preaching
2.6 Bible commentaries 2.6.1 Old Testament
2.6.2 New Testament
2.7 History of Jehovah's Witnesses
2.8 For evangelism training
2.9 For children and young people
2.10 For families
2.11 Evolution vs creation
2.12 For specific roles 2.12.1 Baptismal candidates
2.12.2 Elders
2.12.3 Branch office staff
2.12.4 Other
2.13 Legal guidance for members
2.14 For medical practitioners
2.15 Other out-of-print books
3 Magazines
4 Newsletter
5 Music 5.1 Songbooks
5.2 Recordings
6 Brochures 6.1 Evolution vs creation
6.2 For study and preaching
6.3 For members
6.4 Booklets
7 Tracts 7.1 Numbered series
7.2 Targeted distribution
7.3 Watch Tower Tracts series
7.4 The Old Theology series
7.5 Other
8 Kingdom News 8.1 The Bible Students Monthly
9 Recordings 9.1 Dramas
9.2 Dramatic Bible readings
10 Videos
11 References
12 External links
Bible translations[edit]
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (1961, 1963, revised 1970, 1971, 1981, 1984, 2013)—Available online[1]
New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures (1950, revised 1951)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume I (1953)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume II (1955)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume III (1957)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume IV (1958)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume V (1960)Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures (1969, revised 1985)
The Watch Tower Society also acquired publishing rights for the following Bible translations:
The Bible in Living English (1972)—by Steven T. Byington
American Standard Version (1944)
Authorized King James Version (1942)
The Emphatic Diaglott (1926)
The Concordant New Testament—book of Revelation only (1919)
Books[edit]
Reference works[edit]
Insight on the Scriptures, 2 volumes (1988) (Available online)
Aid to Bible Understanding (1971)Aid to Bible Understanding (A–Exodus) (1969)Reasoning from the Scriptures (1985, revised 1989)
"Make Sure of All Things; Hold Fast to What is Fine" (1965)"Make Sure of All Things" (1953, revised 1957)Comprehensive Concordance of the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (1973)
"All Scripture Is Inspired of God and Beneficial" (1963, revised 1983, 1990)
"Equipped for Every Good Work" (1946)
For daily use[edit]
Examining the Scriptures Daily, annually since 1986[2]
Daily Heavenly Manna and Birthday Record (1907)
Daily Heavenly Manna for the Household of Faith (Privately published by author, 1905)
Calendar of Jehovah’s Witnesses, annually since 1983
Yearbook[edit]
Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, annually since 1986, no daily texts[3]
Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, 1940 to 1985, includes daily texts
Year Book of Jehovah's Witnesses, annually from 1934 to 1939, includes daily texts
Year Book of the International Bible Students Association, book form, annually from 1927 to 1933, includes daily texts
Year Book of the International Bible Students Association, 1925 and 1926, booklet form only, no daily texts
For use in formal Bible studies[edit]
Primary study aids[edit]
These publications are intended to convert interested individuals.[4][5]
What Does the Bible Really Teach? (2005) (Available online)[6]
Knowledge That Leads to Everlasting Life (1995, revised 1997, 2000)You Can Live Forever in Paradise on Earth (1982, revised 1989)The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life (1968, revised 1981)"Things in Which It Is Impossible for God to Lie" (1965)[7]You May Survive Armageddon into God's New World (1955)[8]"Let God Be True" (1946, revised 1952)[9]"The Truth Shall Make You Free" (1943)[10]The Harp of God (1921)[11][12]Millions Now Living Will Never Die (1920)Studies in the Scriptures (also issued as Millennial Dawn 1904, expanded 1917, revised 1923), 7 volumes: The Divine Plan of the Ages (1886 as The Plan of the Ages, revised 1907, 1908, 1913, 1923)The Time is at Hand (1889)Thy Kingdom Come (1891)The Day of Vengeance (1897, revised and reissued as The Battle of Armageddon 1912)The At-one-ment Between God and Man (1899, revised 1915)The New Creation (1904)The Finished Mystery (1917)
Secondary study aids[edit]
Secondary aids are considered just before or shortly after baptism.
"Keep Yourselves in God's Love" (2008)[13]
Worship the Only True God(2002)[14]
United in Worship of the Only True God (1983)"Let Your Kingdom Come" (1981)[15]Life Everlasting—in Freedom of the Sons of God (1966)[7]"This Means Everlasting Life" (1950)
Supplementary study aids[edit]
The Bible—God's Word or Man's? (1989), intended to convince that the Bible is reliable
Is the Bible Really the Word of God? (1969)True Peace and Security—How Can You Find It? (1986)
True Peace and Security—From What Source? (1973)
For use in preaching[edit]
"Come Be My Follower" (2007)[16]
Draw Close to Jehovah (2002), a Bible study aid[17]
Mankind's Search for God (1990, revised 2006), a review of major religions
What Has Religion Done for Mankind? (1951)
Bible commentaries[edit]
Imitate their Faith (2013), commentaries on various biblical characters
Old Testament[edit]
God's Word for Us Through Jeremiah (2010), commentary on Jeremiah
Live With Jehovah's Day in Mind (2006), commentary on the twelve minor prophets (Hosea through Malachi)[18]
Paradise Restored To Mankind—By Theocracy! (1972), commentary on Haggai and ZechariahIsaiah's Prophecy—Light for All Mankind, 2 volumes (vol. 1: 2000; vol. 2: 2001), verse-by-verse commentary on Isaiah
Man's Salvation Out of World Distress at Hand! (1975)Pay Attention to Daniel's Prophecy! (1999, revised 2006[19]), verse-by-verse commentary on Daniel
Our Incoming World Government—God's Kingdom (1977)"Your Will Be Done on Earth" (1958)"The Nations Shall Know That I Am Jehovah"—How? (1971), commentary on EzekielVindication, 3 volumes (1931–1933)The New World (1942), commentary on JobLife (1929), commentary on JobReligion (1940), commentary on JoelPreservation (1932), commentary on Ruth and Esther
New Testament[edit]
"Bearing Thorough Witness" About God's Kingdom (2009), commentary on Acts of the Apostles[20]
The Greatest Man Who Ever Lived (1991), narrative of the Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John)[21]
Revelation—Its Grand Climax at Hand! (1988, revised 2006), verse-by-verse commentary on Revelation
"Then Is Finished the Mystery of God" (1969) (Revelation chapters 1–13)"Babylon the Great Has Fallen!" God's Kingdom Rules! (1963) (Revelation chapters 14–22)"Light, Volume I" (1930)"Light, Volume II" (1930)"The Finished Mystery" (1917)Choosing the Best Way of Life (1979), commentary on First and Second Peter
Commentary on the Letter of James (1979), verse-by-verse commentary on James
History of Jehovah's Witnesses[edit]
God's Kingdom Rules! (2014)
Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (1993)
Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose (1959)
For evangelism training[edit]
Benefit from Theocratic Ministry School Education (2001)
Theocratic Ministry School Guidebook (1971, revised 1992)Kingdom Ministry School Course (1960, revised 1972)Qualified to Be Ministers (1955, revised 1967)Theocratic Aid to Kingdom Publishers (1945)Course in Theocratic Ministry (1943)
For children and young people[edit]
Questions Young People Ask—Answers That Work, 2 volumes (vol. 1: 1989, revised 1999, 2001, 2006, 2011; vol. 2: 2008)
Your Youth—Getting the Best Out of It (1976)Learn From the Great Teacher (2003)[22]
Listening to the Great Teacher (1971)My Book of Bible Stories (1978, revised 2004 with study questions) (Available online)[23]
From Paradise Lost to Paradise Regained (1958)Children (1941)
For families[edit]
The Secret of Family Happiness (1996)[24]
Making Your Family Life Happy (1978)
Evolution vs creation[edit]
Is There a Creator Who Cares About You? (1998)
Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation? (1985, revised 2006)
Did Man Get Here by Evolution or by Creation? (1967)Creation (1927)Scenario of the Photo-Drama of Creation (1914), book form of The Photo-Drama of Creation
For specific roles[edit]
Baptismal candidates[edit]
Organized to Do Jehovah's Will (2005)
Organized to Accomplish our Ministry (1983, revised 1989)Organization for Kingdom-Preaching and Disciple-Making (1972)Your Word Is a Lamp to My Foot (1967)
Elders[edit]
"Shepherd the Flock of God" (2010)
"Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock" (1991)Index to Letters
Branch office staff[edit]
Branch Organization (revised 2003), for branch overseers
"Dwelling Together in Unity" (1952, revised 1974, 1982, 1989, 1996, 2004)
Standards Manual (2005), for proofreaders
Writing for Our Journals, for writers
Other[edit]
Memorandum for Regional Building Committees, for Regional Building Committee members
Working Together Safely—Safety Rules and Standards for Volunteer Projects, for Regional Building Committee volunteers
District Convention Operations (1997), for Convention Committee members
Shining as Illuminators in the World (1977,[25] revised 1989, 2004), for attendees of the pioneer service school
Missionary Counsel Booklet (1985), for missionaries
Legal guidance for members[edit]
Preparing for a Child Custody Case Involving Religious Issues (1997)
Direct and Cross Examination Questions in Child Custody Cases (1987)"Defending and Legally Establishing the Good News" (1950)
For medical practitioners[edit]
Family Care and Medical Management for Jehovah's Witnesses (1992, revised 1995)
Other out-of-print books[edit]
Worldwide Security Under the "Prince of Peace" (1986)
Survival Into a New Earth (1984)
Happiness—How to Find It (1980)
Life Does Have a Purpose (1977)
Good News to Make You Happy (1976)
Holy Spirit—The Force Behind the Coming New Order! (1976)
God's "Eternal Purpose" Now Triumphing For Man's Good (1974)
Is This Life All There Is? (1974)
God's Kingdom of a Thousand Years Has Approached (1973)
Let Your Name be Sanctified (1961)
"New Heavens and a New Earth" (1953)
"The Kingdom Is at Hand" (1944)
Salvation (1939)
Enemies (1937)
Riches (1936)
Jehovah (1934)
Preparation (1933)
Prophecy (1929)
Government (1928)
Reconciliation (1928)
Deliverance (1926)
Comfort for the Jews (1925)
The Way to Paradise (1924)
The Revelation of Jesus Christ—According to the Sinaitic Text (1918)
Pastor Russell's Sermons (1917)
Berean Bible Teachers' Manual (1909)
Magazines[edit]
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom Public Edition (reduce from 32 pages to 16 pages, January 1, 2013)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom Public Edition (monthly, January 1, 2008)[26]The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom Simplified Study Edition (monthly, July 15, 2011)[26]
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom Study Edition (format change, January 15, 2012)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom Study Edition (monthly, January 15, 2008)[26][27]The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (four-color edition, January 1, 1986)The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (format change, August 15, 1950)The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (title change, March 1, 1939)The Watchtower and Herald of Christ’s Kingdom (title and cover change, January 1, 1939)The Watchtower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (title and cover change, October 15, 1931)Watch Tower reprints (1916–1919) (1922)Watch Tower reprints (1879–1915) (1920)The Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (title and cover change, 1909)Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (format change, 1895)Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (semimonthly, 1892)Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (format change, 1891)Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence (July 1879)Awake! (reduce from 32 pages to 16 pages, January 2013)
Awake! (monthly with more emphasis on Bible, January 2006)[26]Awake! (four-color edition, January 8, 1987)Awake! (title change, semimonthly, August 22, 1946)Consolation (title change, October 6, 1937 to July 31, 1946)The Golden Age ("every other Wednesday", October 1, 1919 to September 22, 1937)
Newsletter[edit]
Our Kingdom Ministry, for publishers
Our Kingdom Ministry (format change, January 2009)Our Kingdom Ministry (format change, September 1991)Our Kingdom Ministry (title change, 1982)Our Kingdom Service (title change, 1976)Kingdom Ministry (title change, September 1956)Informant (title change, July 1936)Director for Field Publishers (title change, October 1935)Bulletin for Jehovah’s Witnesses (title change, 1931)Watch Tower Bulletin (title change, 1930)Bulletin (title change, 1919)Suggestions from Colporteurs (title change, 1918)Suggestive Hints to New Colporteurs (title change, 1914)Suggestive Hints to Colporteurs (1896 to 1913)
Public Meeting Campaign (1945 to 1946)
Instructions for Car Drivers (1933)
Outline for Transcription Meetings (1933)
Your Work With Transcription Machines (1933)
Bearing Testimony (1932)
To Whom the Work Is Entrusted (1919)
Music[edit]
Songbooks[edit]
Sing to Jehovah (2009; 135 Kingdom songs; words and melodies composed by Jehovah's Witnesses)[28] [29]
Sing Praises to Jehovah (1984; 225 Kingdom songs; words and melodies composed by Jehovah's Witnesses)Singing and Accompanying Yourselves With Music in Your Hearts (1966; 119 songs; orchestral recordings were made, and used as accompaniment in congregation meetings. Some vocal selections were also recorded.)Songs to Jehovah’s Praise (1950; 91 songs, more up-to-date themes without archaic language)Kingdom Service Song Book (1944; 62 songs)Songs of Praise to Jehovah (1928; 337 songs; a mixture of Bible Students' compositions and older hymns)Kingdom Hymns (1925; 80 songs, with music, especially for children)Hymns of the Millennial Dawn (1905; 333 songs published in 1890, with music added)Zion’s Glad Songs (1900; 82 songs, many written by one Bible Student, to supplement the earlier collection)Zion’s Glad Songs of the Morning (1896; published as the “Watch Tower” of February 1, words for 11 songs, with music; lyrics written by Bible StudentsPoems and Hymns of Millennial Dawn (1890, revised and reissued as Poems of Dawn 1912, revised 1915; 151 poems and 333 hymns, published without music. Most were the works of well-known writers)Songs of the Bride (1879; 144 hymns expressing the desires and hopes of Christ’s bride)
Recordings[edit]
Sing to Jehovah—Piano Accompaniment (CD, MP3 and AAC)[29]
Sing to Jehovah—Vocal Renditions (6 CDs, MP3 and AAC)[29]
Sing Praises to Jehovah (piano accompaniment, CD)Sing Praises to Jehovah (audiocassette)Sing Praises to Jehovah (phonograph records)Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 1–6, 9 (orchestral arrangements, CD)[30]
Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 4–6 (revised 2006, 2007, 2008)Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 1–3 (revised 1996, 1997, 1998)Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 1–6, 9 (MP3)[29]
Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 1–9 (audiocassette)Singing Kingdom Songs (1996; vocal renditions, audiocassette and CD)Singing and Accompanying Yourselves With Music in Your Hearts (1980; orchestral accompaniment, audiocassette)Singing and Accompanying Yourselves With Music in Your Hearts (1966; orchestral accompaniment, phonograph)
Brochures[edit]
The brochures of Jehovah's Witnesses are used for both preaching and study. Some titles are intended specifically for Bible study courses, for study of a specific subject, or for reference.
Evolution vs creation[edit]
The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (2010)
Was Life Created? (2010)
For study and preaching[edit]
Teach Your Children (2014)
Your Family Can Be Happy (2014)
My Bible Lessons (2013), for infants
How Can You Have a Happy Life? (2013), designed for the Jewish population
Will There Ever Be a World Without War? (1992)Good News From God (2012)
What Does God Require of Us? (1996)Who Are Doing Jehovah's Will Today? (2012)
Jehovah's Witnesses—Who Are They? What Do They Believe? (2000)Jehovah's Witnesses in the Twentieth Century (1978, revised 1979, 1989)Listen to God and Live Forever (2011)
You Can Be God's Friend! (2000)Listen to God (simplified version) (2011)
The Pathway to Peace and Happiness (2010)
Real Faith—Your Key to a Happy Life (2010)
The Bible—What Is Its Message? (2009)
Keep on the Watch! (2004)
The Road to Everlasting Life—Have You Found It? (2002)
A Satisfying Life—How to Attain It (2001)
The Guidance of God—Our Way to Paradise (1999)
What Happens to Us When We Die? (1998)
A Book for All People (1997)
When Someone You Love Dies (1994, revised 2000, 2005)
Why Should We Worship God in Love and Truth? (1993)
What Is the Purpose of Life? How You Can Find It? (1993)
Does God Really Care About Us? (1992, revised 2001)
Spirits of the Dead—Can They Help You or Harm You? Do They Really Exist? (1991, revised 2005)
Unseen Spirits—Do They Help Us? Or Do They Harm Us? (1978), intended for followers of spiritism or tribal religionHow Can Blood Save Your Life? (1990)
Should You Believe in the Trinity (1989)
"Look! I am Making All Things New!" (1986)
Jehovah's Witnesses—Unitedly Doing God's Will Worldwide (1986)
The Government That Will Bring Paradise (1985, revised 1993)
The Divine Name That Will Endure Forever (1984)
Enjoy Life on Earth Forever! (1982)
For members[edit]
Dress & Grooming for Visitors Touring Bethel (2008)
Charitable Planning to Benefit Kingdom Service Worldwide (2000, revised 2004, 2010)
Planned Giving to Benefit Kingdom Service Worldwide (1994)"See the Good Land" (2003), maps and photos of the "Promised Land"
Jehovah's Witnesses and Education (1995, revised 2002), intended for educators
School and Jehovah's Witnesses (1983)
Booklets[edit]
Good News for People of All Nations (2004), a basic Bible message in many languages.[31]
Good News For All Nations (1983)Victory Over Death (1986), intended for Hindus
From Kurukshetra to Armageddon—and Your Survival (1983), intended for Hindus
In Search of a Father (1983), intended for Buddhists
The Time for True Submission to God (1983), intended for Muslims
The Path of Divine Truth Leading to Liberation (1980), intended for Hindus
Bible Topics for Discussion (1977), included in reduced format as a NWT appendix from 1981
Human Plans Failing as God’s Purpose Succeeds (1974), tie-in from eponymous 1974 convention discourse
Tracts[edit]
Numbered series[edit]
No. 1—What Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Believe?—1951
No. 2—Hell-Fire—Bible Truth or Pagan Scare?—1951
No. 3—Jehovah’s Witnesses, Communists or Christians?—1951
No. 4—Awake from Sleep!—1951
No. 5—Hope for the Dead—1952
No. 6—The Trinity, Divine Mystery or Pagan Myth?—1952
No. 7—How Valuable Is the Bible?—1952
No. 8—Life in a New World—1952, revised 1964
No. 9—The Sign of Christ’s Presence—1953
No. 10—Man’s Only Hope for Peace—1953
No. 11—Which Is the Right Religion?—1953
No. 12—Do You Believe in Evolution or the Bible?—1953, revised 1968
No. 13—Why You Can Trust the Bible—1987
No. 14—What Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Believe?—1987
No. 15—Life in a Peaceful New World—1987, revised 1994
No. 16—What Hope for Dead Loved Ones?—1987
No. 17—A Peaceful New World—Will It Come? (© 1991)—1992
No. 18—Jehovah’s Witnesses—What Do They Believe?—1992
No. 19—Will This World Survive?—1992, revised 2005
No. 20—Comfort for the Depressed—1992, revised 2000
No. 21—Enjoy Family Life—1992, revised 1998
No. 22—Who Really Rules the World?—1992
No. 23—Jehovah—Who Is He?—1998, revised 2001
No. 24—Jesus Christ—Who Is He?—1999
No. 25—Do You Have an Immortal Spirit?—2001
No. 26—Would You Like to Know More About the Bible?—2001
No. 27—All Suffering Soon to End!—2005
No. 30—How Do You View the Bible?—2013
No. 31—How Do You View the Future?—2013
No. 32—What Is the Key to Happy Family Life?—2013
No. 33—Who Really Controls the World?—2013
No. 34—Will Suffering Ever End?—2013
No. 35—Can the Dead Really Live Again?—2013
No. 36—What Is the Kingdom of God?—2014
No. 37—Where Can We Find Answers to Life’s Big Questions?—2014
Targeted distribution[edit]
How to Find the Road to Paradise (for Muslims)—1990
Jehovah’s Witnesses—A Christian Community (for Muslims) (Arabic)—1992
No. 71—Does Fate Rule Our Lives?—Or Does God Hold Us Responsible? (for Muslims) (Asian languages)—1994, revised 2001
No. 72—The Greatest Name (for Muslims) (Asian languages)—1994, revised 2001
No. 73—Who Are Jehovah’s Witnesses? (for Muslims) (Turkish)—1995, revised 2001
No. 74—Hellfire—Is It Part of Divine Justice? (for Muslims) (Indonesian and Turkish)—1995, revised 2001
No. 75—Will Suffering Ever End? (for Buddhists) (Asian languages) (© 1995)—1996
Jehovah’s Witnesses—What You Need to Know (French, Dutch)—1996
No. 76—Jehovah’s Witnesses Reply (Serbian and other languages)—1997
No. 77—How Precious Is Life to You? (for Buddhists) (Mongolian)—1999
People of France, You Are Being Deceived! (French, English)—1999
No. 78—It Could Happen to You! (Russian)—2000
What Is Brewing In France? Could Freedom Regress? (French)—2000
“You Are the Light of the World” (Spanish)—2000
No. 79—You Can Benefit! (Czech) (© 2000)—2001
No. 81—Is Your Life Ruled by Fate? (Chinese) (© 2007)—2008
No. 82—You Can Trust the Creator! (for Native Americans) (© 2007)—2008
No. 83—Could It Happen Again? A Question for the Citizens of Russia (Russian) (© 2009)—2010
Watch Tower Tracts series[edit]
Watch Tower Tracts (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1881
No. 1—Why Will There Be a Second Advent?No. 2—(Title uncertain)No. 3—(Title uncertain)No. 4—Why Evil Was PermittedNo. 5—The Narrow Way to LifeNo. 6—Albert Delmont Jones: A Call to "The Marriage Supper of the Lamb." The Hour of God's Judgment, and Consequent Fall of BabylonNo. 7—Work of Atonement—Tabernacle Types
The Old Theology series[edit]
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1889
No. 1—Do the Scriptures Teach That Eternal Torment Is the Wages of Sin?No. 2—The Scripture Teaching on Calamities, and Why God Permits ThemNo. 3—Protestants, Awake! The Spirit of the Great Reformation Dying. How Priestcraft Now OperatesNo. 4—Dr. Talmage’s View of the Millennium
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1890
No. 5—Friendly Hints on Bible Study and Students’ HelpsNo. 6—The Scripture Teaching Concerning the World’s Hope (The Hope of the Groaning Creation)No. 7—The Wonderful Story of Wisdom, Love and Grace Divine (The Wonderful Story—The Old, Old Story)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1891
No. 8—The Wonderful Story—Illustrated (booklet)No. 9—(Swedish translation of No. 1)No. 10—A Broad Basis for True Christian Union. Contend Earnestly for the Faith Once Delivered to the Saints
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1892
No. 11—The Tabernacle Shadows of the “Better Sacrifices” (booklet) (© 1891)No. 12—The Divine Plan of the Ages for Human Salvation—Why Evil Was PermittedNo. 13—(Norwegian translation of No. 1)No. 14—Bible Study and Needful Helps TheretoNo. 15—“Thy Word Is Truth”—An Answer to Robert Ingersoll’s Charges Against Christianity
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1893
No. 16—(Same as No. 15 in booklet form)No. 17—The Scripture Teaching on PurgatoryNo. 18—Did Christ Die as Man’s Representative, or as His Substitute?No. 19—(Norwegian translation of No. 14)No. 20—(Swedish translation of No. 14)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1894
No. 21—Do You Know?No. 22—(Same as No. 6)No. 23—(German translation of No. 21)No. 24—(Same as No. 5)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1895
No. 25—The Only Name—A Criticism of Bishop Foster’s New GospelNo. 26—(Swedish translation of No. 21)No. 27—(Same as No. 14)No. 28—Why Are Ye Last to Welcome Back the King?No. 29—(Norwegian translation of No. 21)No. 30—(German translation of No. 28)No. 30—(Extra) Wait Thou Upon the LordNo. 31—(Extra) A Helping Hand for Bible Students (Ad for Millennial Dawn and letter of withdrawal)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1896
No. 32—What Say the Scriptures About Hell? (booklet)No. 33—(Dutch translation of No. 1)No. 34—(German translation of No. 1)No. 35—(Swedish translation of No. 28)No. 35—(Extra) (French translation of No. 21)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1897
No. 36—Awake! Jerusalem, Awake!No. 36—(Extra) (French translation of No. 22)No. 37—“How Readest Thou?”No. 38—The Hope of ImmortalityNo. 39—What Say the Scriptures About Spiritualism (Spiritism)? (booklet)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1898
No. 40—What Is the Soul?No. 41—Must We Abandon Hope of a Golden Age?No. 42—Crosses True and False. Crucified With ChristNo. 43—The Bible Versus the Evolution Theory (booklet)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1899
No. 44—Gathering the Lord’s JewelsNo. 45—(Same as No. 8)No. 46—The Good Shepherd and His Two FlocksNo. 47—(Swedish translation of No. 40)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1900
No. 48—What Say the Scriptures About Our Lord’s Return—His Parousia, Apokalupsis and Epiphania (booklet)No. 49—Which Is the True Gospel?No. 50—(German translation of No. 49)No. 51—Heathendom’s Hope Future, Therefore Wait Thou Upon the Lord
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1901
No. 52—Food for Thinking Christians—Our Lord’s Return—Its Object, the Restitution of All Things SpokenNo. 53—The Scriptures Clearly Teach the Old Theology That Death Is the Wages of Sin, and Not Eternal TormentNo. 54—(Same as No. 14)No. 55—(Same as No. 32)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1902
No. 56—Epistle to the Hebrews (Yiddish only) (booklet)No. 57—The Scripture Teaching on Calamities and Why God Permits ThemNo. 58—(Same as No. 17)No. 59—The World’s Hope
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1903
No. 60—Why Are Ye the Last to Welcome Back the King?No. 61—Protestants, Awake! (revised)No. 62—(Same as No. 12)No. 63—Christ’s Death Secured One Probation or Trial for Life Everlasting to Every Man
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1904
No. 64—Criticisms of Millennial Hopes and Prospects ExaminedNo. 65—(Same as No. 11)No. 66—(Same as No. 21)No. 67—(Dutch translation of No. 21)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1905
No. 68—Increasing Influence of SpiritismNo. 69—Study to Show Thyself Approved Unto God. Christendom in Grave Danger. Refrain Thy Voice From Weeping. Hope for the Innumerable Non-ElectNo. 70—Cheerful Christians. Divine Predestination in Respect to MankindNo. 71—(Same as No. 15)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1906
No. 72—To Hell and Back! Who Are There. The Great Prison House to be Destroyed. The Oath-Bound Covenant. Selling the BirthrightNo. 73—(Same as No. 57)No. 74—Divine Plan of the Ages for Human SalvationNo. 75—Spiritism Is Demonism!
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1907
No. 76—Earthquakes in Prophecy. “Tongues of Fire.” “In the Evil Day.” Filthiness of Flesh and SpiritNo. 77—God’s Unspeakable Gift. What Would Satisfy Jesus for His Travail of Soul at Calvary?No. 78—Physical Health Promoted by RighteousnessNo. 79—The Lost Key of Knowledge. What Would Satisfy Jesus for His Travail of Soul at Calvary?
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1908
No. 80—Are You of the Hopeful or of the Hopeless? Seven Women Desire One Husband. The Millennial Morning Is Dawning! The Ransom Price Paid for Sinners Guarantees a Millennial Age of RestitutionNo. 81—Gathering the Lord’s Jewels. The Hope of ImmortalityNo. 82—What Is the Soul?No. 83—An Open Letter to a Seventh-Day Adventist
Other[edit]
The Minister’s Daughter—1882
Arp Slip (Arp Tract)—1887
Calamities—Why Permitted?—1919
Christian Science—1919
Comforting Words of Life—1919
Demons Infest Earth’s Atmosphere—1919
Do You Believe in the Resurrection?—1919
Do You Know?—1919
Earth to Be Filled With Glory—1919
Gathering the Lord’s Jewels—1919
Golden Age at the Door—1919
Hope of Immortality—1919
Is There a God?—1919
Is the Soul Immortal?—1919
Joyful Message for the Sin-Sick—1919
Our Responsibility as Christians—1919
Predestination and Election—1919
Spiritism Is Demonism—1919
The Bruising of Satan—1919
The Case of the International Bible Students Association—1919
The Dawn of a New Era—1919
The Liberty of the Gospel—1919
The Rich Man in Hell—1919
Thieves in Paradise—1919
Weeping All Night—1919
What Is the Soul?—1919
Where Are the Dead?—1919
Why God Permits Evil—1919
Proclamation—A Challenge to World Leaders—1922
Proclamation—A Warning to All Christians—1923
Ecclesiastics Indicted—1924
The Broadcaster—1924
Message of Hope—1925
World Powers Addressed (A Testimony to the Rulers of the World)—1926
“Where Are the Nine?”—1928
You Have Been Warned—1936
Dividing the People—1940
It Must Be Stopped—1940
Law-Abiding—1940
Quebec, You Have Failed Your People!—1946
Quebec’s Burning Hate for God and Christ and Freedom Is the Shame of All Canada—1946
Regret and Protest by American Convention-Hosts Over Religious Discrimination Against Visiting Witnesses of Jehovah—1950
How Has Christendom Failed All Mankind?—1958
Would You Like to Understand the Bible?—1968
Rwanda Persecutes Christians—1986
Religious Persecution in Singapore—1996
Youths—What Will You Do With Your Life?—2002
Would You Like to Know the Truth?—2008
Kingdom News[edit]
Tracts in the Kingdom News series have been published intermittently since 1918, replacing the earlier series, The Bible Students Monthly.
No. 1—Religious Intolerance—Pastor Russell’s Followers Persecuted Because They Tell the People the Truth—Treatment of Bible Students Smacks of the ‘Dark Ages’—1918
No. 2—“The Finished Mystery” and Why Suppressed—Clergymen Take a Hand—1918
No. 3—Two Great Battles Raging—Fall of Autocracy Certain—Satanic Strategy Doomed to Failure—The Birth of Antichrist—1918
No. 4—Attempt to Wreck Garden Assembly—The Facts—1939
No. 5—Can Religion Save the World From Disaster?—1939
No. 6—Time of Darkness—Isaiah 60:2—1940
No. 6—Which Will Give You Freedom? Religion or Christianity? (London)—1940
No. 7—Do You Condemn or Wink at Unspeakable Crimes?—1940
No. 7—Religionists Devise Mischief to Destroy Christians (London)—1940
No. 8—If the Bill Becomes Law—1941
No. 8—Jehovah’s Mandate to His Servants; Witness Against Papal Rome, Nazism, Fascism—Enemies of Christianity (London)—1941
No. 9—Victories in Your Defense—1941
No. 9—Where Does the Church of Scotland Stand? (London)—1941
No. 10—Life in the New Earth Under New Heavens—1942
No. 11—The People Have a Right to Good News Now—1942
No. 12—The Last War Wins the Peace Eternal—1943
No. 13—Education for Life in the New World—1944
No. 14—Overcoming Fear of What Is Coming on the Earth—1944
No. 15—World Conspiracy Against the Truth—1946
No. 16—Is Time Running Out for Mankind?—1973
No. 17—Has Religion Betrayed God and Man?—1973
No. 18—Government by God, Are You for It—Or Against It?—1974
No. 19—Is This All There Is to Life?—1974
No. 20—Would You Welcome Some Good News?—1975
No. 21—Your Future—Shaky? Or ... Secure?—1975
No. 22—How Crime and Violence Will Be Stopped—1976
No. 23—Why So Much Suffering—If God Cares?—1976
No. 24—The Family—Can It Survive?—1977
No. 25—Why Are We Here?—1978
No. 26—Relief From Pressure—Is It Possible?—1978
No. 27—What Has Happened to Love?—1979
No. 28—Hope for Ending Inflation, Sickness, Crime, War?—1980
No. 29—Is a Happy Life Really Possible?—1981
No. 30—Is Planet Earth Near the Brink?—1981
No. 31—Are We Nearing Armageddon?—1982
No. 32—A United, Happy Family—What Is the Key?—1983
No. 33—Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?—1985
No. 34—Why Is Life So Full of Problems?—1995
No. 35—Will All People Ever Love One Another?—1997
No. 36—The New Millennium—What Does the Future Hold for You?—2000
No. 37—The End of False Religion Is Near!—2006
No. 38—Can the Dead Really Live Again?—2013
The Bible Students Monthly[edit]
The Bible Students Monthly (monthly, 1913–1918)
The Fall of Babylon (monthly, special subtitle during 1917–1918)[32]Everybody’s Paper (monthly, 1911–1913)Peoples Pulpit (monthly, 1909–1911)
Recordings[edit]
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (3 discs, MP3 format)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (CD in Red Book CD-DA format, 2005)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (CD in MP3 format, 2004)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (cassette, 1988)Awake! (CD in digital audio format, 2005)
Awake! (CD in MP3 format, 2004)
Awake! (cassette, 1990)
Dramas[edit]
The Watch Tower Society produces audio recordings of dramatic presentations of biblical characters or contemporary settings with a religious theme. Audio recordings, including dialog, music, and sound effects, are produced at the Watch Tower Society headquarters and other branch offices. The recordings are presented at annual conventions of Jehovah's Witnesses, usually accompanied by members acting out the scenes with costumes and props. The recordings (audio and sign language) are later made available for home use by members.
What is True Love? (contemporary) (2012)
Young Ones—Be Discreet and Wise (Joseph) (2011)
"These Words... Must Prove to be On Your Heart" (contemporary) (2011)
Walk by Faith, Not by Sight (2010) (flight of Christians from Jerusalem) (2010)
To Whose Authority Do You Submit? (Jeroboam) (2006)
Pursue Goals That Honor God (Timothy) (2005)
They Bore Thorough Witness to the Good News (Paul the Apostle) (2004)
Stand Firm in Troublesome Times (Jeremiah) (2003)
Respect Jehovah's Authority (Korah) (2001)
Warning Examples for Our Day (Zimri) (2000)
Appreciating Our Spiritual Heritage (Jacob and Esau) (1999)
Families—Make Daily Bible Reading Your Way of Life! (Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego) (1998)
Keep Your Eye Simple (contemporary) (1998)
Marked for Survival (contemporary) (1998)
Why Respect Theocratic Arrangements? (Gideon) (1997)
Doing What is Right in Jehovah's Eyes (Josiah) (1993)
Doing God's Will With Zeal (Jehu) (1992)
Jehovah's Judgment Against Law-Defying People (Noah and Lot) (1990)
Preserving Life in Time of Famine (Joseph) (1990)
Jehovah Delivers Those Calling Upon His Name (Joshua) (1987)
Beware of Losing Faith by Drawing Away From Jehovah (Moses) (1982)
Jehovah's Name to be Declared in All the Earth (Plagues of Egypt) (1981)
Dramatic Bible readings[edit]
Since 2007, Witness conventions have featured 'sound dramas'—audio recordings of Bible passages read in a dramatic fashion, accompanied by music, sound effects, and extra dialog. The recordings are later made available for download from the official website.
Be Faithful and Conquer Your Fears (Saint Peter) (2013)
Fortify Your Hearts to be Witnesses (Jesus' resurrection) (2012)
A True Story That Inspires Hope (Ruth and Naomi) (2011)
Do Not Give Out When Corrected by Jehovah! (Jonah) (2010)
"Until I Expire I Shall Not Take Away My Integrity!" (Job, Daniel) (2009)
Become Hearers and Doers of God's Word (Jesus, Satan, Elijah and the widow) (2008)
God's Word "is Alive and Exerts Power" (Jesus' miracles) (2007)
Videos[edit]
The Prodigal Returns (2013)
Walk by Faith, Not by Sight (Bible drama) (2012)
Become Jehovah's Friend—Listen, Obey and Be Blessed (2012)
Jehovah's Witnesses—Faith in Action (2 volumes)
Out of Darkness (2010)
Let the Light Shine (2011)
The Wonders of Creation Reveal God's Glory (2009)
Jehovah's Witnesses Stand Firm Against Nazi Assault (2008)
Warning Examples for Our Day—Respect Jehovah's Authority (Bible dramas) (2008)
Pursue Goals That Honor God (2007)
To the Ends of the Earth and United by Divine Teaching (2007)
United by Divine Teaching (1994)To the Ends of the Earth (1995)Organized to Share Good News and Our Whole Association of Brothers (2006)
Our Whole Association of Brothers (2000)The New World Society in Action (1995)Jehovah's Witnesses—The Organization Behind the Name (1990)Noah Walked with God—David Trusted in God (2004)
Noah—He Walked With God (1997)Transfusion Alternatives—Documentary Series
Transfusion-Alternative Strategies—Simple, Safe, Effective (2000)
No Blood—Medicine Meets the Challenge (2001)
Transfusion-Alternative Health Care—Meeting Patient Needs and Rights (2002)
Faithful Under Trials—Jehovah's Witnesses in the Soviet Union (2001)
Young People Ask (2 volumes)
How Can I Make Real Friends? (1999)
What Will I Do With My Life? (2004)
Jehovah's Witnesses Stand Firm Against Nazi Assault (1996)
Purple Triangles (1992)
The Bible—A Book of Fact and Prophecy (3 volumes)
Accurate History, Reliable Prophecy (1992)
Mankind's Oldest Modern Book (1994)
Its Power in Your Life (1997)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Available online and for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3 and AAC formats.
2.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF and EPUB.
3.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3 and AAC.
4.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 5. April 2001. "Your goal is to help the student achieve greater insight into the truth, qualify as an unbaptized publisher, and become a dedicated and baptized Witness of Jehovah" Missing or empty |title= (help)
5.Jump up ^ "18—Baptism and Your Relationship With God". What Does the Bible Really Teach?. pp. 174–183.
6.Jump up ^ "The Bible Teach Book—Our Primary Bible Study Aid", Our Kingdom Ministry, January 2006, page 1.
Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Are You Ready to Get Baptized?—The Watchtower, November 15, 1966, pages 700–701.
8.Jump up ^ "Blessed Results from Making the Test". The Watchtower: 755. December 15, 1955.
9.Jump up ^ New “Live Forever” Book Creates Excitement—Our Kingdom Ministry, October, 1982, page 1.
10.Jump up ^ "Greater emphasis was given to the back-call and Bible study work. “The Truth Shall Make You Free” with the question booklet was the chief instrument used in this activity. One pioneer writes: “Studies in this publication lasted at least one year if conducted regularly."; 1972 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 79
11.Jump up ^ Blessed Results from Making the Test—The Watchtower, December 15, 1955, page 755.
12.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose, page 99.
13.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
14.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, January 2006, page 1.
15.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, January 1982, page 4.
16.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
17.Jump up ^ "“Have Love Among Yourselves”", The Watchtower, February 1, 2003, pages 17–18. Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3 and AAC.
18.Jump up ^ Available online.
Download in MP3 and AAC.
19.Jump up ^ "Title Page/Publishers’ Page", Pay Attention to Daniel’s Prophecy!, page 2, as reproduced in Watchtower Library 2008 on CDROM, "2006 Printing"
20.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3 and AAC.
21.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
22.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
23.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
24.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
25.Jump up ^ 1978 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 23.
26.^ Jump up to: a b c d Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, or AAC formats.
27.Jump up ^ Available for download in sign language in WMV and M4V formats.
28.Jump up ^ Available in M4V for sign language.
29.^ Jump up to: a b c d Available for download in MP3 and AAC formats.
30.Jump up ^ Watch Tower Publications Index
31.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, 1 July 2005, p. 24
32.Jump up ^ "United States of America", 1975 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 85.
Watchtower Index, 2014
External links[edit]
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Watch_Tower_Society_publications
List of Watch Tower Society publications
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about literature produced by the Watch Tower Society since its inception. For additional information about literature used by Jehovah's Witnesses, see Jehovah's Witnesses publications.
Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses
Overview
Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
and Tract Society
Corporations
History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions
Demographics
By country
Beliefs ·
Practices
Salvation ·
Eschatology
The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
God's name
Blood ·
Discipline
Literature
The Watchtower ·
Awake!
New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
George Storrs ·
N. H. Barbour
John Nelson Darby
Notable former members
Raymond Franz ·
Olin Moyle
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by country
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t ·
e
The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society produces religious literature primarily for use by Jehovah's Witnesses. The organization's international writing, artwork, translation, and printery workforce are all baptized Jehovah's Witnesses. Since 2001, the literature produced by the Watch Tower Society is said to have been "published by Jehovah's Witnesses". Prior to 1931, the Watch Tower Society produced literature for the Bible Student movement.
Unbulleted publications are generally out of print and considered obsolete. Indented publications are superseded by more recent publications.
Contents [hide]
1 Bible translations
2 Books 2.1 Reference works
2.2 For daily use
2.3 Yearbook
2.4 For use in formal Bible studies 2.4.1 Primary study aids
2.4.2 Secondary study aids
2.4.3 Supplementary study aids
2.5 For use in preaching
2.6 Bible commentaries 2.6.1 Old Testament
2.6.2 New Testament
2.7 History of Jehovah's Witnesses
2.8 For evangelism training
2.9 For children and young people
2.10 For families
2.11 Evolution vs creation
2.12 For specific roles 2.12.1 Baptismal candidates
2.12.2 Elders
2.12.3 Branch office staff
2.12.4 Other
2.13 Legal guidance for members
2.14 For medical practitioners
2.15 Other out-of-print books
3 Magazines
4 Newsletter
5 Music 5.1 Songbooks
5.2 Recordings
6 Brochures 6.1 Evolution vs creation
6.2 For study and preaching
6.3 For members
6.4 Booklets
7 Tracts 7.1 Numbered series
7.2 Targeted distribution
7.3 Watch Tower Tracts series
7.4 The Old Theology series
7.5 Other
8 Kingdom News 8.1 The Bible Students Monthly
9 Recordings 9.1 Dramas
9.2 Dramatic Bible readings
10 Videos
11 References
12 External links
Bible translations[edit]
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (1961, 1963, revised 1970, 1971, 1981, 1984, 2013)—Available online[1]
New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures (1950, revised 1951)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume I (1953)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume II (1955)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume III (1957)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume IV (1958)New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, Volume V (1960)Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures (1969, revised 1985)
The Watch Tower Society also acquired publishing rights for the following Bible translations:
The Bible in Living English (1972)—by Steven T. Byington
American Standard Version (1944)
Authorized King James Version (1942)
The Emphatic Diaglott (1926)
The Concordant New Testament—book of Revelation only (1919)
Books[edit]
Reference works[edit]
Insight on the Scriptures, 2 volumes (1988) (Available online)
Aid to Bible Understanding (1971)Aid to Bible Understanding (A–Exodus) (1969)Reasoning from the Scriptures (1985, revised 1989)
"Make Sure of All Things; Hold Fast to What is Fine" (1965)"Make Sure of All Things" (1953, revised 1957)Comprehensive Concordance of the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (1973)
"All Scripture Is Inspired of God and Beneficial" (1963, revised 1983, 1990)
"Equipped for Every Good Work" (1946)
For daily use[edit]
Examining the Scriptures Daily, annually since 1986[2]
Daily Heavenly Manna and Birthday Record (1907)
Daily Heavenly Manna for the Household of Faith (Privately published by author, 1905)
Calendar of Jehovah’s Witnesses, annually since 1983
Yearbook[edit]
Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, annually since 1986, no daily texts[3]
Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, 1940 to 1985, includes daily texts
Year Book of Jehovah's Witnesses, annually from 1934 to 1939, includes daily texts
Year Book of the International Bible Students Association, book form, annually from 1927 to 1933, includes daily texts
Year Book of the International Bible Students Association, 1925 and 1926, booklet form only, no daily texts
For use in formal Bible studies[edit]
Primary study aids[edit]
These publications are intended to convert interested individuals.[4][5]
What Does the Bible Really Teach? (2005) (Available online)[6]
Knowledge That Leads to Everlasting Life (1995, revised 1997, 2000)You Can Live Forever in Paradise on Earth (1982, revised 1989)The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life (1968, revised 1981)"Things in Which It Is Impossible for God to Lie" (1965)[7]You May Survive Armageddon into God's New World (1955)[8]"Let God Be True" (1946, revised 1952)[9]"The Truth Shall Make You Free" (1943)[10]The Harp of God (1921)[11][12]Millions Now Living Will Never Die (1920)Studies in the Scriptures (also issued as Millennial Dawn 1904, expanded 1917, revised 1923), 7 volumes: The Divine Plan of the Ages (1886 as The Plan of the Ages, revised 1907, 1908, 1913, 1923)The Time is at Hand (1889)Thy Kingdom Come (1891)The Day of Vengeance (1897, revised and reissued as The Battle of Armageddon 1912)The At-one-ment Between God and Man (1899, revised 1915)The New Creation (1904)The Finished Mystery (1917)
Secondary study aids[edit]
Secondary aids are considered just before or shortly after baptism.
"Keep Yourselves in God's Love" (2008)[13]
Worship the Only True God(2002)[14]
United in Worship of the Only True God (1983)"Let Your Kingdom Come" (1981)[15]Life Everlasting—in Freedom of the Sons of God (1966)[7]"This Means Everlasting Life" (1950)
Supplementary study aids[edit]
The Bible—God's Word or Man's? (1989), intended to convince that the Bible is reliable
Is the Bible Really the Word of God? (1969)True Peace and Security—How Can You Find It? (1986)
True Peace and Security—From What Source? (1973)
For use in preaching[edit]
"Come Be My Follower" (2007)[16]
Draw Close to Jehovah (2002), a Bible study aid[17]
Mankind's Search for God (1990, revised 2006), a review of major religions
What Has Religion Done for Mankind? (1951)
Bible commentaries[edit]
Imitate their Faith (2013), commentaries on various biblical characters
Old Testament[edit]
God's Word for Us Through Jeremiah (2010), commentary on Jeremiah
Live With Jehovah's Day in Mind (2006), commentary on the twelve minor prophets (Hosea through Malachi)[18]
Paradise Restored To Mankind—By Theocracy! (1972), commentary on Haggai and ZechariahIsaiah's Prophecy—Light for All Mankind, 2 volumes (vol. 1: 2000; vol. 2: 2001), verse-by-verse commentary on Isaiah
Man's Salvation Out of World Distress at Hand! (1975)Pay Attention to Daniel's Prophecy! (1999, revised 2006[19]), verse-by-verse commentary on Daniel
Our Incoming World Government—God's Kingdom (1977)"Your Will Be Done on Earth" (1958)"The Nations Shall Know That I Am Jehovah"—How? (1971), commentary on EzekielVindication, 3 volumes (1931–1933)The New World (1942), commentary on JobLife (1929), commentary on JobReligion (1940), commentary on JoelPreservation (1932), commentary on Ruth and Esther
New Testament[edit]
"Bearing Thorough Witness" About God's Kingdom (2009), commentary on Acts of the Apostles[20]
The Greatest Man Who Ever Lived (1991), narrative of the Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John)[21]
Revelation—Its Grand Climax at Hand! (1988, revised 2006), verse-by-verse commentary on Revelation
"Then Is Finished the Mystery of God" (1969) (Revelation chapters 1–13)"Babylon the Great Has Fallen!" God's Kingdom Rules! (1963) (Revelation chapters 14–22)"Light, Volume I" (1930)"Light, Volume II" (1930)"The Finished Mystery" (1917)Choosing the Best Way of Life (1979), commentary on First and Second Peter
Commentary on the Letter of James (1979), verse-by-verse commentary on James
History of Jehovah's Witnesses[edit]
God's Kingdom Rules! (2014)
Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (1993)
Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose (1959)
For evangelism training[edit]
Benefit from Theocratic Ministry School Education (2001)
Theocratic Ministry School Guidebook (1971, revised 1992)Kingdom Ministry School Course (1960, revised 1972)Qualified to Be Ministers (1955, revised 1967)Theocratic Aid to Kingdom Publishers (1945)Course in Theocratic Ministry (1943)
For children and young people[edit]
Questions Young People Ask—Answers That Work, 2 volumes (vol. 1: 1989, revised 1999, 2001, 2006, 2011; vol. 2: 2008)
Your Youth—Getting the Best Out of It (1976)Learn From the Great Teacher (2003)[22]
Listening to the Great Teacher (1971)My Book of Bible Stories (1978, revised 2004 with study questions) (Available online)[23]
From Paradise Lost to Paradise Regained (1958)Children (1941)
For families[edit]
The Secret of Family Happiness (1996)[24]
Making Your Family Life Happy (1978)
Evolution vs creation[edit]
Is There a Creator Who Cares About You? (1998)
Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation? (1985, revised 2006)
Did Man Get Here by Evolution or by Creation? (1967)Creation (1927)Scenario of the Photo-Drama of Creation (1914), book form of The Photo-Drama of Creation
For specific roles[edit]
Baptismal candidates[edit]
Organized to Do Jehovah's Will (2005)
Organized to Accomplish our Ministry (1983, revised 1989)Organization for Kingdom-Preaching and Disciple-Making (1972)Your Word Is a Lamp to My Foot (1967)
Elders[edit]
"Shepherd the Flock of God" (2010)
"Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock" (1991)Index to Letters
Branch office staff[edit]
Branch Organization (revised 2003), for branch overseers
"Dwelling Together in Unity" (1952, revised 1974, 1982, 1989, 1996, 2004)
Standards Manual (2005), for proofreaders
Writing for Our Journals, for writers
Other[edit]
Memorandum for Regional Building Committees, for Regional Building Committee members
Working Together Safely—Safety Rules and Standards for Volunteer Projects, for Regional Building Committee volunteers
District Convention Operations (1997), for Convention Committee members
Shining as Illuminators in the World (1977,[25] revised 1989, 2004), for attendees of the pioneer service school
Missionary Counsel Booklet (1985), for missionaries
Legal guidance for members[edit]
Preparing for a Child Custody Case Involving Religious Issues (1997)
Direct and Cross Examination Questions in Child Custody Cases (1987)"Defending and Legally Establishing the Good News" (1950)
For medical practitioners[edit]
Family Care and Medical Management for Jehovah's Witnesses (1992, revised 1995)
Other out-of-print books[edit]
Worldwide Security Under the "Prince of Peace" (1986)
Survival Into a New Earth (1984)
Happiness—How to Find It (1980)
Life Does Have a Purpose (1977)
Good News to Make You Happy (1976)
Holy Spirit—The Force Behind the Coming New Order! (1976)
God's "Eternal Purpose" Now Triumphing For Man's Good (1974)
Is This Life All There Is? (1974)
God's Kingdom of a Thousand Years Has Approached (1973)
Let Your Name be Sanctified (1961)
"New Heavens and a New Earth" (1953)
"The Kingdom Is at Hand" (1944)
Salvation (1939)
Enemies (1937)
Riches (1936)
Jehovah (1934)
Preparation (1933)
Prophecy (1929)
Government (1928)
Reconciliation (1928)
Deliverance (1926)
Comfort for the Jews (1925)
The Way to Paradise (1924)
The Revelation of Jesus Christ—According to the Sinaitic Text (1918)
Pastor Russell's Sermons (1917)
Berean Bible Teachers' Manual (1909)
Magazines[edit]
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom Public Edition (reduce from 32 pages to 16 pages, January 1, 2013)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom Public Edition (monthly, January 1, 2008)[26]The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom Simplified Study Edition (monthly, July 15, 2011)[26]
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom Study Edition (format change, January 15, 2012)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom Study Edition (monthly, January 15, 2008)[26][27]The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (four-color edition, January 1, 1986)The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (format change, August 15, 1950)The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (title change, March 1, 1939)The Watchtower and Herald of Christ’s Kingdom (title and cover change, January 1, 1939)The Watchtower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (title and cover change, October 15, 1931)Watch Tower reprints (1916–1919) (1922)Watch Tower reprints (1879–1915) (1920)The Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (title and cover change, 1909)Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (format change, 1895)Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (semimonthly, 1892)Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence (format change, 1891)Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence (July 1879)Awake! (reduce from 32 pages to 16 pages, January 2013)
Awake! (monthly with more emphasis on Bible, January 2006)[26]Awake! (four-color edition, January 8, 1987)Awake! (title change, semimonthly, August 22, 1946)Consolation (title change, October 6, 1937 to July 31, 1946)The Golden Age ("every other Wednesday", October 1, 1919 to September 22, 1937)
Newsletter[edit]
Our Kingdom Ministry, for publishers
Our Kingdom Ministry (format change, January 2009)Our Kingdom Ministry (format change, September 1991)Our Kingdom Ministry (title change, 1982)Our Kingdom Service (title change, 1976)Kingdom Ministry (title change, September 1956)Informant (title change, July 1936)Director for Field Publishers (title change, October 1935)Bulletin for Jehovah’s Witnesses (title change, 1931)Watch Tower Bulletin (title change, 1930)Bulletin (title change, 1919)Suggestions from Colporteurs (title change, 1918)Suggestive Hints to New Colporteurs (title change, 1914)Suggestive Hints to Colporteurs (1896 to 1913)
Public Meeting Campaign (1945 to 1946)
Instructions for Car Drivers (1933)
Outline for Transcription Meetings (1933)
Your Work With Transcription Machines (1933)
Bearing Testimony (1932)
To Whom the Work Is Entrusted (1919)
Music[edit]
Songbooks[edit]
Sing to Jehovah (2009; 135 Kingdom songs; words and melodies composed by Jehovah's Witnesses)[28] [29]
Sing Praises to Jehovah (1984; 225 Kingdom songs; words and melodies composed by Jehovah's Witnesses)Singing and Accompanying Yourselves With Music in Your Hearts (1966; 119 songs; orchestral recordings were made, and used as accompaniment in congregation meetings. Some vocal selections were also recorded.)Songs to Jehovah’s Praise (1950; 91 songs, more up-to-date themes without archaic language)Kingdom Service Song Book (1944; 62 songs)Songs of Praise to Jehovah (1928; 337 songs; a mixture of Bible Students' compositions and older hymns)Kingdom Hymns (1925; 80 songs, with music, especially for children)Hymns of the Millennial Dawn (1905; 333 songs published in 1890, with music added)Zion’s Glad Songs (1900; 82 songs, many written by one Bible Student, to supplement the earlier collection)Zion’s Glad Songs of the Morning (1896; published as the “Watch Tower” of February 1, words for 11 songs, with music; lyrics written by Bible StudentsPoems and Hymns of Millennial Dawn (1890, revised and reissued as Poems of Dawn 1912, revised 1915; 151 poems and 333 hymns, published without music. Most were the works of well-known writers)Songs of the Bride (1879; 144 hymns expressing the desires and hopes of Christ’s bride)
Recordings[edit]
Sing to Jehovah—Piano Accompaniment (CD, MP3 and AAC)[29]
Sing to Jehovah—Vocal Renditions (6 CDs, MP3 and AAC)[29]
Sing Praises to Jehovah (piano accompaniment, CD)Sing Praises to Jehovah (audiocassette)Sing Praises to Jehovah (phonograph records)Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 1–6, 9 (orchestral arrangements, CD)[30]
Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 4–6 (revised 2006, 2007, 2008)Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 1–3 (revised 1996, 1997, 1998)Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 1–6, 9 (MP3)[29]
Kingdom Melodies, Volumes 1–9 (audiocassette)Singing Kingdom Songs (1996; vocal renditions, audiocassette and CD)Singing and Accompanying Yourselves With Music in Your Hearts (1980; orchestral accompaniment, audiocassette)Singing and Accompanying Yourselves With Music in Your Hearts (1966; orchestral accompaniment, phonograph)
Brochures[edit]
The brochures of Jehovah's Witnesses are used for both preaching and study. Some titles are intended specifically for Bible study courses, for study of a specific subject, or for reference.
Evolution vs creation[edit]
The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (2010)
Was Life Created? (2010)
For study and preaching[edit]
Teach Your Children (2014)
Your Family Can Be Happy (2014)
My Bible Lessons (2013), for infants
How Can You Have a Happy Life? (2013), designed for the Jewish population
Will There Ever Be a World Without War? (1992)Good News From God (2012)
What Does God Require of Us? (1996)Who Are Doing Jehovah's Will Today? (2012)
Jehovah's Witnesses—Who Are They? What Do They Believe? (2000)Jehovah's Witnesses in the Twentieth Century (1978, revised 1979, 1989)Listen to God and Live Forever (2011)
You Can Be God's Friend! (2000)Listen to God (simplified version) (2011)
The Pathway to Peace and Happiness (2010)
Real Faith—Your Key to a Happy Life (2010)
The Bible—What Is Its Message? (2009)
Keep on the Watch! (2004)
The Road to Everlasting Life—Have You Found It? (2002)
A Satisfying Life—How to Attain It (2001)
The Guidance of God—Our Way to Paradise (1999)
What Happens to Us When We Die? (1998)
A Book for All People (1997)
When Someone You Love Dies (1994, revised 2000, 2005)
Why Should We Worship God in Love and Truth? (1993)
What Is the Purpose of Life? How You Can Find It? (1993)
Does God Really Care About Us? (1992, revised 2001)
Spirits of the Dead—Can They Help You or Harm You? Do They Really Exist? (1991, revised 2005)
Unseen Spirits—Do They Help Us? Or Do They Harm Us? (1978), intended for followers of spiritism or tribal religionHow Can Blood Save Your Life? (1990)
Should You Believe in the Trinity (1989)
"Look! I am Making All Things New!" (1986)
Jehovah's Witnesses—Unitedly Doing God's Will Worldwide (1986)
The Government That Will Bring Paradise (1985, revised 1993)
The Divine Name That Will Endure Forever (1984)
Enjoy Life on Earth Forever! (1982)
For members[edit]
Dress & Grooming for Visitors Touring Bethel (2008)
Charitable Planning to Benefit Kingdom Service Worldwide (2000, revised 2004, 2010)
Planned Giving to Benefit Kingdom Service Worldwide (1994)"See the Good Land" (2003), maps and photos of the "Promised Land"
Jehovah's Witnesses and Education (1995, revised 2002), intended for educators
School and Jehovah's Witnesses (1983)
Booklets[edit]
Good News for People of All Nations (2004), a basic Bible message in many languages.[31]
Good News For All Nations (1983)Victory Over Death (1986), intended for Hindus
From Kurukshetra to Armageddon—and Your Survival (1983), intended for Hindus
In Search of a Father (1983), intended for Buddhists
The Time for True Submission to God (1983), intended for Muslims
The Path of Divine Truth Leading to Liberation (1980), intended for Hindus
Bible Topics for Discussion (1977), included in reduced format as a NWT appendix from 1981
Human Plans Failing as God’s Purpose Succeeds (1974), tie-in from eponymous 1974 convention discourse
Tracts[edit]
Numbered series[edit]
No. 1—What Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Believe?—1951
No. 2—Hell-Fire—Bible Truth or Pagan Scare?—1951
No. 3—Jehovah’s Witnesses, Communists or Christians?—1951
No. 4—Awake from Sleep!—1951
No. 5—Hope for the Dead—1952
No. 6—The Trinity, Divine Mystery or Pagan Myth?—1952
No. 7—How Valuable Is the Bible?—1952
No. 8—Life in a New World—1952, revised 1964
No. 9—The Sign of Christ’s Presence—1953
No. 10—Man’s Only Hope for Peace—1953
No. 11—Which Is the Right Religion?—1953
No. 12—Do You Believe in Evolution or the Bible?—1953, revised 1968
No. 13—Why You Can Trust the Bible—1987
No. 14—What Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Believe?—1987
No. 15—Life in a Peaceful New World—1987, revised 1994
No. 16—What Hope for Dead Loved Ones?—1987
No. 17—A Peaceful New World—Will It Come? (© 1991)—1992
No. 18—Jehovah’s Witnesses—What Do They Believe?—1992
No. 19—Will This World Survive?—1992, revised 2005
No. 20—Comfort for the Depressed—1992, revised 2000
No. 21—Enjoy Family Life—1992, revised 1998
No. 22—Who Really Rules the World?—1992
No. 23—Jehovah—Who Is He?—1998, revised 2001
No. 24—Jesus Christ—Who Is He?—1999
No. 25—Do You Have an Immortal Spirit?—2001
No. 26—Would You Like to Know More About the Bible?—2001
No. 27—All Suffering Soon to End!—2005
No. 30—How Do You View the Bible?—2013
No. 31—How Do You View the Future?—2013
No. 32—What Is the Key to Happy Family Life?—2013
No. 33—Who Really Controls the World?—2013
No. 34—Will Suffering Ever End?—2013
No. 35—Can the Dead Really Live Again?—2013
No. 36—What Is the Kingdom of God?—2014
No. 37—Where Can We Find Answers to Life’s Big Questions?—2014
Targeted distribution[edit]
How to Find the Road to Paradise (for Muslims)—1990
Jehovah’s Witnesses—A Christian Community (for Muslims) (Arabic)—1992
No. 71—Does Fate Rule Our Lives?—Or Does God Hold Us Responsible? (for Muslims) (Asian languages)—1994, revised 2001
No. 72—The Greatest Name (for Muslims) (Asian languages)—1994, revised 2001
No. 73—Who Are Jehovah’s Witnesses? (for Muslims) (Turkish)—1995, revised 2001
No. 74—Hellfire—Is It Part of Divine Justice? (for Muslims) (Indonesian and Turkish)—1995, revised 2001
No. 75—Will Suffering Ever End? (for Buddhists) (Asian languages) (© 1995)—1996
Jehovah’s Witnesses—What You Need to Know (French, Dutch)—1996
No. 76—Jehovah’s Witnesses Reply (Serbian and other languages)—1997
No. 77—How Precious Is Life to You? (for Buddhists) (Mongolian)—1999
People of France, You Are Being Deceived! (French, English)—1999
No. 78—It Could Happen to You! (Russian)—2000
What Is Brewing In France? Could Freedom Regress? (French)—2000
“You Are the Light of the World” (Spanish)—2000
No. 79—You Can Benefit! (Czech) (© 2000)—2001
No. 81—Is Your Life Ruled by Fate? (Chinese) (© 2007)—2008
No. 82—You Can Trust the Creator! (for Native Americans) (© 2007)—2008
No. 83—Could It Happen Again? A Question for the Citizens of Russia (Russian) (© 2009)—2010
Watch Tower Tracts series[edit]
Watch Tower Tracts (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1881
No. 1—Why Will There Be a Second Advent?No. 2—(Title uncertain)No. 3—(Title uncertain)No. 4—Why Evil Was PermittedNo. 5—The Narrow Way to LifeNo. 6—Albert Delmont Jones: A Call to "The Marriage Supper of the Lamb." The Hour of God's Judgment, and Consequent Fall of BabylonNo. 7—Work of Atonement—Tabernacle Types
The Old Theology series[edit]
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1889
No. 1—Do the Scriptures Teach That Eternal Torment Is the Wages of Sin?No. 2—The Scripture Teaching on Calamities, and Why God Permits ThemNo. 3—Protestants, Awake! The Spirit of the Great Reformation Dying. How Priestcraft Now OperatesNo. 4—Dr. Talmage’s View of the Millennium
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1890
No. 5—Friendly Hints on Bible Study and Students’ HelpsNo. 6—The Scripture Teaching Concerning the World’s Hope (The Hope of the Groaning Creation)No. 7—The Wonderful Story of Wisdom, Love and Grace Divine (The Wonderful Story—The Old, Old Story)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1891
No. 8—The Wonderful Story—Illustrated (booklet)No. 9—(Swedish translation of No. 1)No. 10—A Broad Basis for True Christian Union. Contend Earnestly for the Faith Once Delivered to the Saints
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1892
No. 11—The Tabernacle Shadows of the “Better Sacrifices” (booklet) (© 1891)No. 12—The Divine Plan of the Ages for Human Salvation—Why Evil Was PermittedNo. 13—(Norwegian translation of No. 1)No. 14—Bible Study and Needful Helps TheretoNo. 15—“Thy Word Is Truth”—An Answer to Robert Ingersoll’s Charges Against Christianity
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1893
No. 16—(Same as No. 15 in booklet form)No. 17—The Scripture Teaching on PurgatoryNo. 18—Did Christ Die as Man’s Representative, or as His Substitute?No. 19—(Norwegian translation of No. 14)No. 20—(Swedish translation of No. 14)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1894
No. 21—Do You Know?No. 22—(Same as No. 6)No. 23—(German translation of No. 21)No. 24—(Same as No. 5)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1895
No. 25—The Only Name—A Criticism of Bishop Foster’s New GospelNo. 26—(Swedish translation of No. 21)No. 27—(Same as No. 14)No. 28—Why Are Ye Last to Welcome Back the King?No. 29—(Norwegian translation of No. 21)No. 30—(German translation of No. 28)No. 30—(Extra) Wait Thou Upon the LordNo. 31—(Extra) A Helping Hand for Bible Students (Ad for Millennial Dawn and letter of withdrawal)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1896
No. 32—What Say the Scriptures About Hell? (booklet)No. 33—(Dutch translation of No. 1)No. 34—(German translation of No. 1)No. 35—(Swedish translation of No. 28)No. 35—(Extra) (French translation of No. 21)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1897
No. 36—Awake! Jerusalem, Awake!No. 36—(Extra) (French translation of No. 22)No. 37—“How Readest Thou?”No. 38—The Hope of ImmortalityNo. 39—What Say the Scriptures About Spiritualism (Spiritism)? (booklet)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1898
No. 40—What Is the Soul?No. 41—Must We Abandon Hope of a Golden Age?No. 42—Crosses True and False. Crucified With ChristNo. 43—The Bible Versus the Evolution Theory (booklet)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1899
No. 44—Gathering the Lord’s JewelsNo. 45—(Same as No. 8)No. 46—The Good Shepherd and His Two FlocksNo. 47—(Swedish translation of No. 40)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1900
No. 48—What Say the Scriptures About Our Lord’s Return—His Parousia, Apokalupsis and Epiphania (booklet)No. 49—Which Is the True Gospel?No. 50—(German translation of No. 49)No. 51—Heathendom’s Hope Future, Therefore Wait Thou Upon the Lord
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1901
No. 52—Food for Thinking Christians—Our Lord’s Return—Its Object, the Restitution of All Things SpokenNo. 53—The Scriptures Clearly Teach the Old Theology That Death Is the Wages of Sin, and Not Eternal TormentNo. 54—(Same as No. 14)No. 55—(Same as No. 32)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1902
No. 56—Epistle to the Hebrews (Yiddish only) (booklet)No. 57—The Scripture Teaching on Calamities and Why God Permits ThemNo. 58—(Same as No. 17)No. 59—The World’s Hope
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1903
No. 60—Why Are Ye the Last to Welcome Back the King?No. 61—Protestants, Awake! (revised)No. 62—(Same as No. 12)No. 63—Christ’s Death Secured One Probation or Trial for Life Everlasting to Every Man
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1904
No. 64—Criticisms of Millennial Hopes and Prospects ExaminedNo. 65—(Same as No. 11)No. 66—(Same as No. 21)No. 67—(Dutch translation of No. 21)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1905
No. 68—Increasing Influence of SpiritismNo. 69—Study to Show Thyself Approved Unto God. Christendom in Grave Danger. Refrain Thy Voice From Weeping. Hope for the Innumerable Non-ElectNo. 70—Cheerful Christians. Divine Predestination in Respect to MankindNo. 71—(Same as No. 15)
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1906
No. 72—To Hell and Back! Who Are There. The Great Prison House to be Destroyed. The Oath-Bound Covenant. Selling the BirthrightNo. 73—(Same as No. 57)No. 74—Divine Plan of the Ages for Human SalvationNo. 75—Spiritism Is Demonism!
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1907
No. 76—Earthquakes in Prophecy. “Tongues of Fire.” “In the Evil Day.” Filthiness of Flesh and SpiritNo. 77—God’s Unspeakable Gift. What Would Satisfy Jesus for His Travail of Soul at Calvary?No. 78—Physical Health Promoted by RighteousnessNo. 79—The Lost Key of Knowledge. What Would Satisfy Jesus for His Travail of Soul at Calvary?
The Old Theology (Bible Students’ Tracts)—1908
No. 80—Are You of the Hopeful or of the Hopeless? Seven Women Desire One Husband. The Millennial Morning Is Dawning! The Ransom Price Paid for Sinners Guarantees a Millennial Age of RestitutionNo. 81—Gathering the Lord’s Jewels. The Hope of ImmortalityNo. 82—What Is the Soul?No. 83—An Open Letter to a Seventh-Day Adventist
Other[edit]
The Minister’s Daughter—1882
Arp Slip (Arp Tract)—1887
Calamities—Why Permitted?—1919
Christian Science—1919
Comforting Words of Life—1919
Demons Infest Earth’s Atmosphere—1919
Do You Believe in the Resurrection?—1919
Do You Know?—1919
Earth to Be Filled With Glory—1919
Gathering the Lord’s Jewels—1919
Golden Age at the Door—1919
Hope of Immortality—1919
Is There a God?—1919
Is the Soul Immortal?—1919
Joyful Message for the Sin-Sick—1919
Our Responsibility as Christians—1919
Predestination and Election—1919
Spiritism Is Demonism—1919
The Bruising of Satan—1919
The Case of the International Bible Students Association—1919
The Dawn of a New Era—1919
The Liberty of the Gospel—1919
The Rich Man in Hell—1919
Thieves in Paradise—1919
Weeping All Night—1919
What Is the Soul?—1919
Where Are the Dead?—1919
Why God Permits Evil—1919
Proclamation—A Challenge to World Leaders—1922
Proclamation—A Warning to All Christians—1923
Ecclesiastics Indicted—1924
The Broadcaster—1924
Message of Hope—1925
World Powers Addressed (A Testimony to the Rulers of the World)—1926
“Where Are the Nine?”—1928
You Have Been Warned—1936
Dividing the People—1940
It Must Be Stopped—1940
Law-Abiding—1940
Quebec, You Have Failed Your People!—1946
Quebec’s Burning Hate for God and Christ and Freedom Is the Shame of All Canada—1946
Regret and Protest by American Convention-Hosts Over Religious Discrimination Against Visiting Witnesses of Jehovah—1950
How Has Christendom Failed All Mankind?—1958
Would You Like to Understand the Bible?—1968
Rwanda Persecutes Christians—1986
Religious Persecution in Singapore—1996
Youths—What Will You Do With Your Life?—2002
Would You Like to Know the Truth?—2008
Kingdom News[edit]
Tracts in the Kingdom News series have been published intermittently since 1918, replacing the earlier series, The Bible Students Monthly.
No. 1—Religious Intolerance—Pastor Russell’s Followers Persecuted Because They Tell the People the Truth—Treatment of Bible Students Smacks of the ‘Dark Ages’—1918
No. 2—“The Finished Mystery” and Why Suppressed—Clergymen Take a Hand—1918
No. 3—Two Great Battles Raging—Fall of Autocracy Certain—Satanic Strategy Doomed to Failure—The Birth of Antichrist—1918
No. 4—Attempt to Wreck Garden Assembly—The Facts—1939
No. 5—Can Religion Save the World From Disaster?—1939
No. 6—Time of Darkness—Isaiah 60:2—1940
No. 6—Which Will Give You Freedom? Religion or Christianity? (London)—1940
No. 7—Do You Condemn or Wink at Unspeakable Crimes?—1940
No. 7—Religionists Devise Mischief to Destroy Christians (London)—1940
No. 8—If the Bill Becomes Law—1941
No. 8—Jehovah’s Mandate to His Servants; Witness Against Papal Rome, Nazism, Fascism—Enemies of Christianity (London)—1941
No. 9—Victories in Your Defense—1941
No. 9—Where Does the Church of Scotland Stand? (London)—1941
No. 10—Life in the New Earth Under New Heavens—1942
No. 11—The People Have a Right to Good News Now—1942
No. 12—The Last War Wins the Peace Eternal—1943
No. 13—Education for Life in the New World—1944
No. 14—Overcoming Fear of What Is Coming on the Earth—1944
No. 15—World Conspiracy Against the Truth—1946
No. 16—Is Time Running Out for Mankind?—1973
No. 17—Has Religion Betrayed God and Man?—1973
No. 18—Government by God, Are You for It—Or Against It?—1974
No. 19—Is This All There Is to Life?—1974
No. 20—Would You Welcome Some Good News?—1975
No. 21—Your Future—Shaky? Or ... Secure?—1975
No. 22—How Crime and Violence Will Be Stopped—1976
No. 23—Why So Much Suffering—If God Cares?—1976
No. 24—The Family—Can It Survive?—1977
No. 25—Why Are We Here?—1978
No. 26—Relief From Pressure—Is It Possible?—1978
No. 27—What Has Happened to Love?—1979
No. 28—Hope for Ending Inflation, Sickness, Crime, War?—1980
No. 29—Is a Happy Life Really Possible?—1981
No. 30—Is Planet Earth Near the Brink?—1981
No. 31—Are We Nearing Armageddon?—1982
No. 32—A United, Happy Family—What Is the Key?—1983
No. 33—Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?—1985
No. 34—Why Is Life So Full of Problems?—1995
No. 35—Will All People Ever Love One Another?—1997
No. 36—The New Millennium—What Does the Future Hold for You?—2000
No. 37—The End of False Religion Is Near!—2006
No. 38—Can the Dead Really Live Again?—2013
The Bible Students Monthly[edit]
The Bible Students Monthly (monthly, 1913–1918)
The Fall of Babylon (monthly, special subtitle during 1917–1918)[32]Everybody’s Paper (monthly, 1911–1913)Peoples Pulpit (monthly, 1909–1911)
Recordings[edit]
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (3 discs, MP3 format)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (CD in Red Book CD-DA format, 2005)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (CD in MP3 format, 2004)
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom (cassette, 1988)Awake! (CD in digital audio format, 2005)
Awake! (CD in MP3 format, 2004)
Awake! (cassette, 1990)
Dramas[edit]
The Watch Tower Society produces audio recordings of dramatic presentations of biblical characters or contemporary settings with a religious theme. Audio recordings, including dialog, music, and sound effects, are produced at the Watch Tower Society headquarters and other branch offices. The recordings are presented at annual conventions of Jehovah's Witnesses, usually accompanied by members acting out the scenes with costumes and props. The recordings (audio and sign language) are later made available for home use by members.
What is True Love? (contemporary) (2012)
Young Ones—Be Discreet and Wise (Joseph) (2011)
"These Words... Must Prove to be On Your Heart" (contemporary) (2011)
Walk by Faith, Not by Sight (2010) (flight of Christians from Jerusalem) (2010)
To Whose Authority Do You Submit? (Jeroboam) (2006)
Pursue Goals That Honor God (Timothy) (2005)
They Bore Thorough Witness to the Good News (Paul the Apostle) (2004)
Stand Firm in Troublesome Times (Jeremiah) (2003)
Respect Jehovah's Authority (Korah) (2001)
Warning Examples for Our Day (Zimri) (2000)
Appreciating Our Spiritual Heritage (Jacob and Esau) (1999)
Families—Make Daily Bible Reading Your Way of Life! (Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego) (1998)
Keep Your Eye Simple (contemporary) (1998)
Marked for Survival (contemporary) (1998)
Why Respect Theocratic Arrangements? (Gideon) (1997)
Doing What is Right in Jehovah's Eyes (Josiah) (1993)
Doing God's Will With Zeal (Jehu) (1992)
Jehovah's Judgment Against Law-Defying People (Noah and Lot) (1990)
Preserving Life in Time of Famine (Joseph) (1990)
Jehovah Delivers Those Calling Upon His Name (Joshua) (1987)
Beware of Losing Faith by Drawing Away From Jehovah (Moses) (1982)
Jehovah's Name to be Declared in All the Earth (Plagues of Egypt) (1981)
Dramatic Bible readings[edit]
Since 2007, Witness conventions have featured 'sound dramas'—audio recordings of Bible passages read in a dramatic fashion, accompanied by music, sound effects, and extra dialog. The recordings are later made available for download from the official website.
Be Faithful and Conquer Your Fears (Saint Peter) (2013)
Fortify Your Hearts to be Witnesses (Jesus' resurrection) (2012)
A True Story That Inspires Hope (Ruth and Naomi) (2011)
Do Not Give Out When Corrected by Jehovah! (Jonah) (2010)
"Until I Expire I Shall Not Take Away My Integrity!" (Job, Daniel) (2009)
Become Hearers and Doers of God's Word (Jesus, Satan, Elijah and the widow) (2008)
God's Word "is Alive and Exerts Power" (Jesus' miracles) (2007)
Videos[edit]
The Prodigal Returns (2013)
Walk by Faith, Not by Sight (Bible drama) (2012)
Become Jehovah's Friend—Listen, Obey and Be Blessed (2012)
Jehovah's Witnesses—Faith in Action (2 volumes)
Out of Darkness (2010)
Let the Light Shine (2011)
The Wonders of Creation Reveal God's Glory (2009)
Jehovah's Witnesses Stand Firm Against Nazi Assault (2008)
Warning Examples for Our Day—Respect Jehovah's Authority (Bible dramas) (2008)
Pursue Goals That Honor God (2007)
To the Ends of the Earth and United by Divine Teaching (2007)
United by Divine Teaching (1994)To the Ends of the Earth (1995)Organized to Share Good News and Our Whole Association of Brothers (2006)
Our Whole Association of Brothers (2000)The New World Society in Action (1995)Jehovah's Witnesses—The Organization Behind the Name (1990)Noah Walked with God—David Trusted in God (2004)
Noah—He Walked With God (1997)Transfusion Alternatives—Documentary Series
Transfusion-Alternative Strategies—Simple, Safe, Effective (2000)
No Blood—Medicine Meets the Challenge (2001)
Transfusion-Alternative Health Care—Meeting Patient Needs and Rights (2002)
Faithful Under Trials—Jehovah's Witnesses in the Soviet Union (2001)
Young People Ask (2 volumes)
How Can I Make Real Friends? (1999)
What Will I Do With My Life? (2004)
Jehovah's Witnesses Stand Firm Against Nazi Assault (1996)
Purple Triangles (1992)
The Bible—A Book of Fact and Prophecy (3 volumes)
Accurate History, Reliable Prophecy (1992)
Mankind's Oldest Modern Book (1994)
Its Power in Your Life (1997)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Available online and for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3 and AAC formats.
2.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF and EPUB.
3.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3 and AAC.
4.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 5. April 2001. "Your goal is to help the student achieve greater insight into the truth, qualify as an unbaptized publisher, and become a dedicated and baptized Witness of Jehovah" Missing or empty |title= (help)
5.Jump up ^ "18—Baptism and Your Relationship With God". What Does the Bible Really Teach?. pp. 174–183.
6.Jump up ^ "The Bible Teach Book—Our Primary Bible Study Aid", Our Kingdom Ministry, January 2006, page 1.
Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Are You Ready to Get Baptized?—The Watchtower, November 15, 1966, pages 700–701.
8.Jump up ^ "Blessed Results from Making the Test". The Watchtower: 755. December 15, 1955.
9.Jump up ^ New “Live Forever” Book Creates Excitement—Our Kingdom Ministry, October, 1982, page 1.
10.Jump up ^ "Greater emphasis was given to the back-call and Bible study work. “The Truth Shall Make You Free” with the question booklet was the chief instrument used in this activity. One pioneer writes: “Studies in this publication lasted at least one year if conducted regularly."; 1972 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 79
11.Jump up ^ Blessed Results from Making the Test—The Watchtower, December 15, 1955, page 755.
12.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose, page 99.
13.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
14.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, January 2006, page 1.
15.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, January 1982, page 4.
16.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
17.Jump up ^ "“Have Love Among Yourselves”", The Watchtower, February 1, 2003, pages 17–18. Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3 and AAC.
18.Jump up ^ Available online.
Download in MP3 and AAC.
19.Jump up ^ "Title Page/Publishers’ Page", Pay Attention to Daniel’s Prophecy!, page 2, as reproduced in Watchtower Library 2008 on CDROM, "2006 Printing"
20.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3 and AAC.
21.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
22.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
23.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
24.Jump up ^ Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, AAC and M4V for sign language.
25.Jump up ^ 1978 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 23.
26.^ Jump up to: a b c d Available for download in PDF, EPUB, MP3, or AAC formats.
27.Jump up ^ Available for download in sign language in WMV and M4V formats.
28.Jump up ^ Available in M4V for sign language.
29.^ Jump up to: a b c d Available for download in MP3 and AAC formats.
30.Jump up ^ Watch Tower Publications Index
31.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, 1 July 2005, p. 24
32.Jump up ^ "United States of America", 1975 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 85.
Watchtower Index, 2014
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Awake!
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the religious magazine. For other uses, see Awake (disambiguation).
Awake!
Awake cover Feb2007.jpg
Cover of Awake! magazine, February 2007
Categories
Religious
Frequency
Monthly
Circulation
51,788,000 printed
Publisher
Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York Inc.
First issue
October 1919
Company
Jehovah's Witnesses
Based in
United States
Language
103 languages
Website
www.jw.org
ISSN
0005-237X
Part of a series on
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Governing Body
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and Tract Society
Corporations
History
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Blood ·
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Awake!
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List of publications
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Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
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M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
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John Nelson Darby
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v ·
t ·
e
Awake! is a monthly illustrated magazine published by Jehovah's Witnesses via the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania and printed in various branch offices around the world. It is considered to be a companion magazine of The Watchtower, and is distributed by Jehovah's Witnesses in their door-to-door ministry. Awake! is considered to be the second most widely distributed magazine in the world (after The Watchtower), with a total worldwide printing of 51,788,000 copies in 103 languages per month.[1][2]
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Purpose
3 Content
4 Authorship
5 Distribution 5.1 Accessibility
5.2 Cost
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
The magazine was originally published bi-weekly ("every other Wednesday") under the name The Golden Age on October 1, 1919, by the International Bible Students Association. (In 1930 it was published in Danish under the name New World.[3]) On October 6, 1937, it was renamed Consolation and continued to be published bi-weekly until July 31, 1946. On August 22, 1946, the magazine was renamed Awake![4][5] and until 2005 was published semi-monthly in major languages (on the 8th and 22nd), monthly in many languages, and quarterly in a few languages. Since January 2006, Awake! has been published monthly.[6]
Purpose[edit]
The stated purpose of the magazine has changed over time. From 1982 to 1995, each issue of the magazine included a mission statement which stated "this magazine builds confidence in the Creator's promise of a peaceful and secure new order before the generation that saw 1914 passes away". When their belief regarding the "generation" of 1914 was changed to a less literal sense, the aim was restated as "this magazine builds confidence in the Creator’s promise of a peaceful and secure new world that is about to replace the present wicked, lawless system of things".[7]
Content[edit]
Awake! contains articles about general-interest topics such as nature, geography, family life, and also the Bible and biblical history, from the Watchtower Bible And Tract Society's perspective.[8] It has also presented current medical opinions of various medical conditions. Conditions that have been featured in Awake! include dementia,[9] stroke,[10] infectious diseases,[11] bipolar disorder,[12] and postpartum depression.[13] Many issues claim that mankind is living in the end times.
The magazine includes a number of regular features:
##The Bible's Viewpoint, a column which applies Jehovah Witnesses' interpretations of the Bible to current issues;
##Watching the World, a selection of single-paragraph news items from a variety of sources;
##From Our Readers, a selection of letters commenting on previous Awake! articles;
##Was it Designed?, an article about a particular animal from a creationist perspective.
Autobiographical articles by individual members regarding their experiences and circumstances also appear periodically, and are notable as the only regularly credited writings in any Society publication.
Authorship[edit]
The magazine's editor under the titles of The Golden Age and Consolation was Clayton J. Woodworth.[14] Woodworth was a former editor and textbook writer, and later served on the boards of several corporations of Jehovah's Witnesses until just a few years before his death in 1951 at the age of 81.[15] When the magazine was renamed Awake!, the journal's editorship became anonymous. Its publication is overseen by the Writing Committee of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses.
Distribution[edit]
The magazine is printed in nineteen different countries;[16] about 25% of the total is printed at one of the organization's printeries in Toronto, Canada.
Awake! is considered to be the second most widely distributed magazine in the world (after The Watchtower), with a total worldwide circulation of 51,788,000.[2]
Accessibility[edit]
Awake! is available, in selected languages, on audio compact disc and via download in MP3, AAC, PDF and EPUB formats.[17]
Cost[edit]
Until March 1990, Awake! was available for a small charge that varied over time and in different countries. For example, in the United States, the suggested donation per issue was $0.05 in 1950,[18] gradually increasing to $0.25 in 1989.[19] On January 17, 1990, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled against Jimmy Swaggart that sales of religious literature were subject to taxation, which introduced ambiguity into the formerly tax-free practice of suggesting a particular donation in exchange for the magazines. The Watch Tower Society supported Swaggart in the case, arguing that the perceived sale of religious literature should be exempt from taxation.[20]
From March 1, 1990, the journals were made available at no cost, on a freewill donation basis in the United States, with the stated purpose of simplifying their Bible educational work and distinguishing themselves from those who commercialize religion.[21] The article "Use Our Literature Wisely", which appeared in the May 1990 issue of Our Kingdom Ministry, stated that "there are growing pressures against all religious elements", and it went on to say that their main concern was to move ahead in the worldwide Kingdom preaching work, "without hindrance."
The sale of Jehovah's Witnesses' literature was gradually phased out in other countries, and Awake! has been distributed free of charge worldwide since early 2000, its printing being funded by voluntary donations from Jehovah's Witnesses and members of the public.[22]
See also[edit]
##Jehovah's Witnesses publications
##List of Watch Tower Society publications
##List of magazines by circulation
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Awake! June 2015 issue, page 2
2.^ Jump up to: a b Newspaper Today. 20 February 2012. Top 5 World’s Best Magazines. Retrieved 30 May 2012.
3.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, April 1, 1990, page 28, "In 1930 the magazine The Golden Age (now Awake!) began to be published in Danish under the name The New World."
4.Jump up ^ Revelation - Its Grand Climax At Hand, pages 146-147
5.Jump up ^ Watch Tower Publications, Watchtower Publications Index, 2008
6.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, March 2005, published by the Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses, "beginning with its January 2006 issue, Awake! will be published as a monthly magazine. This will result in considerable simplification in the preparation, translation, and shipping of our literature. This change will affect about 40 percent of the languages in which Awake! is published. In most languages, Awake! is already a monthly or a quarterly publication."
7.Jump up ^ Awake! 8th November 1995, Page 2
8.Jump up ^ "Awake!" October 2010 page.4
9.Jump up ^ Awake!, September 22, 1998
10.Jump up ^ Awake!, February 8, 1998
11.Jump up ^ Awake!, July 22, 1999
12.Jump up ^ Awake!, September 8, 2001
13.Jump up ^ Awake!, March 8, 2003
14.Jump up ^ Woodworth was editor except during a brief period of incarceration in 1918 and 1919 in connection with his commentary on Revelation in The Finished Mystery
15.Jump up ^ "Announcements". The Watchtower: 128. February 15, 1952.
16.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, November 1, 2005, page 27
17.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses website — Audio recordings and digital formats of magazines
18.Jump up ^ The Watchtower: 4. May 15, 1950. Missing or empty |title= (help)
19.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 2. October 1989. Missing or empty |title= (help)
20.Jump up ^ Edmond C. Gruss (2003). The Four Presidents of the Watch Tower Society (Jehovah's Witnesses). Xulon Press. pp. 72–73.
21.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 7. May 1990. "At the end of February 1990, it was explained that magazines and literature will be provided to publishers and to the interested public on a complete donation basis, that is, without asking or suggesting that a specific contribution be made as a precondition to receiving an item." Missing or empty |title= (help)
22.Jump up ^ 2001 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses. p. 18. "Another factor in reaching more people with the good news has been the simplified literature distribution arrangement. ... The voluntary donation arrangement is explained to people, but no charge is made for the literature. As of January 2000, that arrangement was extended to all lands where it was not already in operation."
External links[edit]
##The Watchtower and Awake! magazines
Categories: 1919 in religion
Audio periodicals
Downloadable magazines
Free magazines
Jehovah's Witnesses magazines
Monthly magazines
Magazines established in 1919
Religious magazines
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Create account
Log in
Article
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Read
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This page was last modified on 18 May 2015, at 11:59.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awake!
Awake!
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the religious magazine. For other uses, see Awake (disambiguation).
Awake!
Awake cover Feb2007.jpg
Cover of Awake! magazine, February 2007
Categories
Religious
Frequency
Monthly
Circulation
51,788,000 printed
Publisher
Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York Inc.
First issue
October 1919
Company
Jehovah's Witnesses
Based in
United States
Language
103 languages
Website
www.jw.org
ISSN
0005-237X
Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses
Overview
Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
and Tract Society
Corporations
History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions
Demographics
By country
Beliefs ·
Practices
Salvation ·
Eschatology
The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
God's name
Blood ·
Discipline
Literature
The Watchtower ·
Awake!
New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
George Storrs ·
N. H. Barbour
John Nelson Darby
Notable former members
Raymond Franz ·
Olin Moyle
Opposition
Criticism ·
Persecution
Supreme Court cases
by country
v ·
t ·
e
Awake! is a monthly illustrated magazine published by Jehovah's Witnesses via the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania and printed in various branch offices around the world. It is considered to be a companion magazine of The Watchtower, and is distributed by Jehovah's Witnesses in their door-to-door ministry. Awake! is considered to be the second most widely distributed magazine in the world (after The Watchtower), with a total worldwide printing of 51,788,000 copies in 103 languages per month.[1][2]
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Purpose
3 Content
4 Authorship
5 Distribution 5.1 Accessibility
5.2 Cost
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
The magazine was originally published bi-weekly ("every other Wednesday") under the name The Golden Age on October 1, 1919, by the International Bible Students Association. (In 1930 it was published in Danish under the name New World.[3]) On October 6, 1937, it was renamed Consolation and continued to be published bi-weekly until July 31, 1946. On August 22, 1946, the magazine was renamed Awake![4][5] and until 2005 was published semi-monthly in major languages (on the 8th and 22nd), monthly in many languages, and quarterly in a few languages. Since January 2006, Awake! has been published monthly.[6]
Purpose[edit]
The stated purpose of the magazine has changed over time. From 1982 to 1995, each issue of the magazine included a mission statement which stated "this magazine builds confidence in the Creator's promise of a peaceful and secure new order before the generation that saw 1914 passes away". When their belief regarding the "generation" of 1914 was changed to a less literal sense, the aim was restated as "this magazine builds confidence in the Creator’s promise of a peaceful and secure new world that is about to replace the present wicked, lawless system of things".[7]
Content[edit]
Awake! contains articles about general-interest topics such as nature, geography, family life, and also the Bible and biblical history, from the Watchtower Bible And Tract Society's perspective.[8] It has also presented current medical opinions of various medical conditions. Conditions that have been featured in Awake! include dementia,[9] stroke,[10] infectious diseases,[11] bipolar disorder,[12] and postpartum depression.[13] Many issues claim that mankind is living in the end times.
The magazine includes a number of regular features:
##The Bible's Viewpoint, a column which applies Jehovah Witnesses' interpretations of the Bible to current issues;
##Watching the World, a selection of single-paragraph news items from a variety of sources;
##From Our Readers, a selection of letters commenting on previous Awake! articles;
##Was it Designed?, an article about a particular animal from a creationist perspective.
Autobiographical articles by individual members regarding their experiences and circumstances also appear periodically, and are notable as the only regularly credited writings in any Society publication.
Authorship[edit]
The magazine's editor under the titles of The Golden Age and Consolation was Clayton J. Woodworth.[14] Woodworth was a former editor and textbook writer, and later served on the boards of several corporations of Jehovah's Witnesses until just a few years before his death in 1951 at the age of 81.[15] When the magazine was renamed Awake!, the journal's editorship became anonymous. Its publication is overseen by the Writing Committee of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses.
Distribution[edit]
The magazine is printed in nineteen different countries;[16] about 25% of the total is printed at one of the organization's printeries in Toronto, Canada.
Awake! is considered to be the second most widely distributed magazine in the world (after The Watchtower), with a total worldwide circulation of 51,788,000.[2]
Accessibility[edit]
Awake! is available, in selected languages, on audio compact disc and via download in MP3, AAC, PDF and EPUB formats.[17]
Cost[edit]
Until March 1990, Awake! was available for a small charge that varied over time and in different countries. For example, in the United States, the suggested donation per issue was $0.05 in 1950,[18] gradually increasing to $0.25 in 1989.[19] On January 17, 1990, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled against Jimmy Swaggart that sales of religious literature were subject to taxation, which introduced ambiguity into the formerly tax-free practice of suggesting a particular donation in exchange for the magazines. The Watch Tower Society supported Swaggart in the case, arguing that the perceived sale of religious literature should be exempt from taxation.[20]
From March 1, 1990, the journals were made available at no cost, on a freewill donation basis in the United States, with the stated purpose of simplifying their Bible educational work and distinguishing themselves from those who commercialize religion.[21] The article "Use Our Literature Wisely", which appeared in the May 1990 issue of Our Kingdom Ministry, stated that "there are growing pressures against all religious elements", and it went on to say that their main concern was to move ahead in the worldwide Kingdom preaching work, "without hindrance."
The sale of Jehovah's Witnesses' literature was gradually phased out in other countries, and Awake! has been distributed free of charge worldwide since early 2000, its printing being funded by voluntary donations from Jehovah's Witnesses and members of the public.[22]
See also[edit]
##Jehovah's Witnesses publications
##List of Watch Tower Society publications
##List of magazines by circulation
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Awake! June 2015 issue, page 2
2.^ Jump up to: a b Newspaper Today. 20 February 2012. Top 5 World’s Best Magazines. Retrieved 30 May 2012.
3.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, April 1, 1990, page 28, "In 1930 the magazine The Golden Age (now Awake!) began to be published in Danish under the name The New World."
4.Jump up ^ Revelation - Its Grand Climax At Hand, pages 146-147
5.Jump up ^ Watch Tower Publications, Watchtower Publications Index, 2008
6.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, March 2005, published by the Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses, "beginning with its January 2006 issue, Awake! will be published as a monthly magazine. This will result in considerable simplification in the preparation, translation, and shipping of our literature. This change will affect about 40 percent of the languages in which Awake! is published. In most languages, Awake! is already a monthly or a quarterly publication."
7.Jump up ^ Awake! 8th November 1995, Page 2
8.Jump up ^ "Awake!" October 2010 page.4
9.Jump up ^ Awake!, September 22, 1998
10.Jump up ^ Awake!, February 8, 1998
11.Jump up ^ Awake!, July 22, 1999
12.Jump up ^ Awake!, September 8, 2001
13.Jump up ^ Awake!, March 8, 2003
14.Jump up ^ Woodworth was editor except during a brief period of incarceration in 1918 and 1919 in connection with his commentary on Revelation in The Finished Mystery
15.Jump up ^ "Announcements". The Watchtower: 128. February 15, 1952.
16.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, November 1, 2005, page 27
17.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses website — Audio recordings and digital formats of magazines
18.Jump up ^ The Watchtower: 4. May 15, 1950. Missing or empty |title= (help)
19.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 2. October 1989. Missing or empty |title= (help)
20.Jump up ^ Edmond C. Gruss (2003). The Four Presidents of the Watch Tower Society (Jehovah's Witnesses). Xulon Press. pp. 72–73.
21.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry: 7. May 1990. "At the end of February 1990, it was explained that magazines and literature will be provided to publishers and to the interested public on a complete donation basis, that is, without asking or suggesting that a specific contribution be made as a precondition to receiving an item." Missing or empty |title= (help)
22.Jump up ^ 2001 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses. p. 18. "Another factor in reaching more people with the good news has been the simplified literature distribution arrangement. ... The voluntary donation arrangement is explained to people, but no charge is made for the literature. As of January 2000, that arrangement was extended to all lands where it was not already in operation."
External links[edit]
##The Watchtower and Awake! magazines
Categories: 1919 in religion
Audio periodicals
Downloadable magazines
Free magazines
Jehovah's Witnesses magazines
Monthly magazines
Magazines established in 1919
Religious magazines
Navigation menu
Create account
Log in
Article
Talk
Read
Edit
View history
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Català
Čeština
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Français
한국어
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
Magyar
മലയാളം
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk bokmål
Polski
Português
Русский
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Українська
中文
Edit links
This page was last modified on 18 May 2015, at 11:59.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Mobile view
Wikimedia Foundation
Powered by MediaWiki
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awake!
Bibliography of Jehovah's Witnesses
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses
Overview
Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
and Tract Society
Corporations
History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions
Demographics
By country
Beliefs ·
Practices
Salvation ·
Eschatology
The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
God's name
Blood ·
Discipline
Literature
The Watchtower ·
Awake!
New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
George Storrs ·
N. H. Barbour
John Nelson Darby
Notable former members
Raymond Franz ·
Olin Moyle
Opposition
Criticism ·
Persecution
Supreme Court cases
by country
v ·
t ·
e
This is a bibliography of works on the Jehovah's Witnesses.[1][2][3]
Contents [hide]
1 General
2 Critiques and personal accounts
3 Persecution in Nazi Germany
4 See also
5 References
General[edit]
##Bergman, Jerry (1984). Jehovah's Witnesses and kindred groups. New York: Garland Pub. ISBN 9780824091095.
##Chryssides, George D. (2009). The A to Z of Jehovah's Witnesses. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810868915.
##Gruss, Edmond C. (2001). Jehovah's Witnesses : their claims, doctrinal changes, and prophetic speculation : what does the record show?. Fairfax, VA: Xulon Press. ISBN 9781931232302.
##Chryssides, George D. Historical Dictionary of Jehovah's Witnesses (2008)
##Crompton, Robert. Counting the Days to Armageddon. James Clarke & Co, Cambridge, 1996. ISBN 0-227-67939-3[2][3] ##A detailed examination of the development of Jehovah's Witnesses' eschatology.
##Holden, Andrew. Jehovah's Witnesses: Portrait of a Contemporary Religious Movement New York: Routledge, 2002, ISBN 0415266092[2] ##An academic study on the sociological aspects of Jehovah's Witnesses phenomenon.
##Kaplan, William. State and Salvation Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989. ISBN 0-8020-5842-6 ##Documents the Witnesses' fight for civil rights in Canada and the US amid political persecution during World War II.
##Rogerson, Alan (1969). Millions now living will never die: a study of Jehovah's Witnesses. Constable. ##Detailed history of the Watch Tower movement, particularly its early years, a summary of Witness doctrines and the organizational and personal framework in which Witnesses conduct their lives.
##Schulz, B. W. (2014). A Separate Identity: Organizational Identity Among Readers of Zion's Watch Tower: 1870-1887. ISBN 978-1304969408. ##Detailed history of the Watch Tower movement's earliest years written to an academic standard. It is based on fresh research into original documents. This is volume one of a two volume work.
##Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (1993) ##Official history of Jehovah's Witnesses.
##Whalen, William J. Armageddon Around the Corner: a report on Jehovah's Witnesses (1962) OCLC Number: 1261733
##Wills, Tony. A People for His Name: A History of Jehovah's Witnesses and an Evaluation (2006) 2nd edition. ISBN 978-1-4303-0100-4.
Critiques and personal accounts[edit]
##Answering Jehovah's Witnesses by Jason Evert
##Answering Jehovas Witnesses: Subject by Subject by David A. Reed
##Franz, Raymond. In Search of Christian Freedom. 2nd ed., 2007. ISBN 0-914675-17-6[2] ##Critique and analysis
##Harrison, Barbara Grizzuti. Visions of Glory: A History and a Memory of Jehovah's Witnesses. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1978. ISBN 0-7091-8013-6 ##An account by an American journalist and essayist of growing up in the Jehovah's Witnesses religion, which she left at age 22.
##Macmillan, Alexander H. Faith on the March. ##An autobiography by a longtime director of the Watch Tower Society who was among the Watch Tower officials imprisoned during the First World War.
##Penton, M. James. Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2nd ed., 1997. ISBN 0-8020-7973-3[3] ##Scholarly examination of Jehovah's Witnesses history and doctrines
##Schnell, William J. Jehovah's Witnesses' Errors Exposed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, [ca. 1980], cop. 1959. N.B.: First published in 1959 under title: Into the Light of Christianity. ISBN 0-8010-8074-6
##Schnell, William J. 30 Years a Watchtower Slave. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books, 1956, 1971, reprinted 2001. ISBN 0-8010-6384-1 ##One of the first book-length critiques of the organization to be written by a disaffected former Witness
##An Alarming Situation for Jehovah's Witnesses, by Ted Denscher. Christian Literature Crusade, 1974. Objections to teachings of the Wintesses, written by a former member. Without ISBN
##Apostles of Denial by Edmond C. Gruss. ISBN 978-0-87552-305-7.
##Crisis of Conscience by Raymond Franz. Commentary Press. 420 pages. Hardback ISBN 0-914675-24-9. Paperback ISBN 0-914675-23-0. 4th edition (June 2002)[3] ##Franz was a former Jehovah's Witness who was a member of the Governing Body of the Watch Tower Society for nine years, and nephew of the fourth president of the Watchtower Society. This book gives a detailed account of the authority structure, practices, doctrines and decision-making practices Franz experienced while serving on the Governing Body. It is a major critique of the organization. Sample chapters online: 1, 9, 10, 11, 12.
##The Gentile Times Reconsidered: Chronology & Christ's Return by Carl O. Jonsson.[3] ##Jonsson considers the origin of the belief that the Gentile Times began in 607 B.C. and examines several lines of evidence and the methodology for deriving it. ISBN 0-914675-06-0 Publisher: Commentary Press (July, 1998, Fourth edition 2004)
##I Was Raised a Jehovah's Witness by Joe Hewitt. 1997. Kregel Publications ISBN 0-8254-2876-9 ##Hewitt gives an account of his life as a Jehovah's Witness and his subsequent decision to leave the Jehovah's Witness movement. Read selections from: I Was Raised a Jehovah's Witness
##Jehovah Himself Has Become King by Robert King. ISBN 978-1-4208-5498-5 / Publisher: AuthorHouse (September 14, 2005, First Edition) ##The author considers himself one of Jehovah's Witnesses but was excommunicated after publishing his review and criticisms of current Watchtower interpretations related to Bible prophecy, and documentation regarding the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society's involvement with the United Nations.
##Jehovah's Witnesses Defended and Three Dissertations, both by Greg Stafford. ##The author considers himself one of Jehovah's Witnesses but has renounced affiliation with the Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society. These books review and thoroughly explore some of the most prevalent criticisms made about Jehovah's Witnesses and the Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society.
##Botting, Heather; Botting, Gary (1984). The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-6545-7.[2] ##Both authors were raised Jehovah's Witnesses and are trained scholars. The book is based on a doctoral dissertation by Heather Botting.
##30 Years a Watchtower Slave: The Confessions of a Converted Jehovah's Witness by William J. Schnell. ISBN 978-0-8010-6384-8[2]
##The Truth Book: Escaping a Childhood of Abuse Among Jehovah's Witnesses by Joy Castro ##adopted as a baby and raised by a devout Jehovah's Witness family. Read selections from: The Truth Book: Escaping a Childhood of Abuse Among Jehovah's Witnesses Published 2005 Arcade Publishing, ISBN 1-55970-787-9
##Witnesses of Jehovah by Leonard & Marjorie Chretien. ISBN 978-0-89081-587-8.[3]
##Wolves Among Sheep by James Kostelniuk. Harpercollins ISBN 978-0-00-639107-4
Persecution in Nazi Germany[edit]
For more details on this topic, see Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany.
##Garbe, Detlef (2008). Between Resistance and Martyrdom: Jehovah's Witnesses in the Third Reich. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-20794-3.
##King, Christine Elizabeth (1983), The Nazi State and the New Religions: Five Case Studies in Non-Conformity. ISBN 0-889-468656
##Penton, James (2004). Jehovah's Witnesses and the Third Reich: Sectarian Politics Under Persecution. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-8678-0.
See also[edit]
##List of Watch Tower Society publications
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Bergman, Jerry (1999). Jehovah's Witnesses : a comprehensive and selectively annotated bibliography (1. publ ed.). Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 9780313305108.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Chryssides, George D. (2009). The A to Z of Jehovah's Witnesses. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. pp. 145–168. ISBN 9780810868915.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Gruss, Edmond C. (2001). "Selected bibliography". Jehovah's Witnesses : their claims, doctrinal changes, and prophetic speculation : what does the record show?. Fairfax, VA: Xulon Press. p. 357. ISBN 9781931232302.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliography_of_Jehovah%27s_Witnesses
Bibliography of Jehovah's Witnesses
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses
Overview
Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
and Tract Society
Corporations
History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions
Demographics
By country
Beliefs ·
Practices
Salvation ·
Eschatology
The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
God's name
Blood ·
Discipline
Literature
The Watchtower ·
Awake!
New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
George Storrs ·
N. H. Barbour
John Nelson Darby
Notable former members
Raymond Franz ·
Olin Moyle
Opposition
Criticism ·
Persecution
Supreme Court cases
by country
v ·
t ·
e
This is a bibliography of works on the Jehovah's Witnesses.[1][2][3]
Contents [hide]
1 General
2 Critiques and personal accounts
3 Persecution in Nazi Germany
4 See also
5 References
General[edit]
##Bergman, Jerry (1984). Jehovah's Witnesses and kindred groups. New York: Garland Pub. ISBN 9780824091095.
##Chryssides, George D. (2009). The A to Z of Jehovah's Witnesses. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810868915.
##Gruss, Edmond C. (2001). Jehovah's Witnesses : their claims, doctrinal changes, and prophetic speculation : what does the record show?. Fairfax, VA: Xulon Press. ISBN 9781931232302.
##Chryssides, George D. Historical Dictionary of Jehovah's Witnesses (2008)
##Crompton, Robert. Counting the Days to Armageddon. James Clarke & Co, Cambridge, 1996. ISBN 0-227-67939-3[2][3] ##A detailed examination of the development of Jehovah's Witnesses' eschatology.
##Holden, Andrew. Jehovah's Witnesses: Portrait of a Contemporary Religious Movement New York: Routledge, 2002, ISBN 0415266092[2] ##An academic study on the sociological aspects of Jehovah's Witnesses phenomenon.
##Kaplan, William. State and Salvation Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989. ISBN 0-8020-5842-6 ##Documents the Witnesses' fight for civil rights in Canada and the US amid political persecution during World War II.
##Rogerson, Alan (1969). Millions now living will never die: a study of Jehovah's Witnesses. Constable. ##Detailed history of the Watch Tower movement, particularly its early years, a summary of Witness doctrines and the organizational and personal framework in which Witnesses conduct their lives.
##Schulz, B. W. (2014). A Separate Identity: Organizational Identity Among Readers of Zion's Watch Tower: 1870-1887. ISBN 978-1304969408. ##Detailed history of the Watch Tower movement's earliest years written to an academic standard. It is based on fresh research into original documents. This is volume one of a two volume work.
##Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (1993) ##Official history of Jehovah's Witnesses.
##Whalen, William J. Armageddon Around the Corner: a report on Jehovah's Witnesses (1962) OCLC Number: 1261733
##Wills, Tony. A People for His Name: A History of Jehovah's Witnesses and an Evaluation (2006) 2nd edition. ISBN 978-1-4303-0100-4.
Critiques and personal accounts[edit]
##Answering Jehovah's Witnesses by Jason Evert
##Answering Jehovas Witnesses: Subject by Subject by David A. Reed
##Franz, Raymond. In Search of Christian Freedom. 2nd ed., 2007. ISBN 0-914675-17-6[2] ##Critique and analysis
##Harrison, Barbara Grizzuti. Visions of Glory: A History and a Memory of Jehovah's Witnesses. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1978. ISBN 0-7091-8013-6 ##An account by an American journalist and essayist of growing up in the Jehovah's Witnesses religion, which she left at age 22.
##Macmillan, Alexander H. Faith on the March. ##An autobiography by a longtime director of the Watch Tower Society who was among the Watch Tower officials imprisoned during the First World War.
##Penton, M. James. Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2nd ed., 1997. ISBN 0-8020-7973-3[3] ##Scholarly examination of Jehovah's Witnesses history and doctrines
##Schnell, William J. Jehovah's Witnesses' Errors Exposed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, [ca. 1980], cop. 1959. N.B.: First published in 1959 under title: Into the Light of Christianity. ISBN 0-8010-8074-6
##Schnell, William J. 30 Years a Watchtower Slave. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books, 1956, 1971, reprinted 2001. ISBN 0-8010-6384-1 ##One of the first book-length critiques of the organization to be written by a disaffected former Witness
##An Alarming Situation for Jehovah's Witnesses, by Ted Denscher. Christian Literature Crusade, 1974. Objections to teachings of the Wintesses, written by a former member. Without ISBN
##Apostles of Denial by Edmond C. Gruss. ISBN 978-0-87552-305-7.
##Crisis of Conscience by Raymond Franz. Commentary Press. 420 pages. Hardback ISBN 0-914675-24-9. Paperback ISBN 0-914675-23-0. 4th edition (June 2002)[3] ##Franz was a former Jehovah's Witness who was a member of the Governing Body of the Watch Tower Society for nine years, and nephew of the fourth president of the Watchtower Society. This book gives a detailed account of the authority structure, practices, doctrines and decision-making practices Franz experienced while serving on the Governing Body. It is a major critique of the organization. Sample chapters online: 1, 9, 10, 11, 12.
##The Gentile Times Reconsidered: Chronology & Christ's Return by Carl O. Jonsson.[3] ##Jonsson considers the origin of the belief that the Gentile Times began in 607 B.C. and examines several lines of evidence and the methodology for deriving it. ISBN 0-914675-06-0 Publisher: Commentary Press (July, 1998, Fourth edition 2004)
##I Was Raised a Jehovah's Witness by Joe Hewitt. 1997. Kregel Publications ISBN 0-8254-2876-9 ##Hewitt gives an account of his life as a Jehovah's Witness and his subsequent decision to leave the Jehovah's Witness movement. Read selections from: I Was Raised a Jehovah's Witness
##Jehovah Himself Has Become King by Robert King. ISBN 978-1-4208-5498-5 / Publisher: AuthorHouse (September 14, 2005, First Edition) ##The author considers himself one of Jehovah's Witnesses but was excommunicated after publishing his review and criticisms of current Watchtower interpretations related to Bible prophecy, and documentation regarding the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society's involvement with the United Nations.
##Jehovah's Witnesses Defended and Three Dissertations, both by Greg Stafford. ##The author considers himself one of Jehovah's Witnesses but has renounced affiliation with the Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society. These books review and thoroughly explore some of the most prevalent criticisms made about Jehovah's Witnesses and the Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society.
##Botting, Heather; Botting, Gary (1984). The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-6545-7.[2] ##Both authors were raised Jehovah's Witnesses and are trained scholars. The book is based on a doctoral dissertation by Heather Botting.
##30 Years a Watchtower Slave: The Confessions of a Converted Jehovah's Witness by William J. Schnell. ISBN 978-0-8010-6384-8[2]
##The Truth Book: Escaping a Childhood of Abuse Among Jehovah's Witnesses by Joy Castro ##adopted as a baby and raised by a devout Jehovah's Witness family. Read selections from: The Truth Book: Escaping a Childhood of Abuse Among Jehovah's Witnesses Published 2005 Arcade Publishing, ISBN 1-55970-787-9
##Witnesses of Jehovah by Leonard & Marjorie Chretien. ISBN 978-0-89081-587-8.[3]
##Wolves Among Sheep by James Kostelniuk. Harpercollins ISBN 978-0-00-639107-4
Persecution in Nazi Germany[edit]
For more details on this topic, see Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany.
##Garbe, Detlef (2008). Between Resistance and Martyrdom: Jehovah's Witnesses in the Third Reich. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-20794-3.
##King, Christine Elizabeth (1983), The Nazi State and the New Religions: Five Case Studies in Non-Conformity. ISBN 0-889-468656
##Penton, James (2004). Jehovah's Witnesses and the Third Reich: Sectarian Politics Under Persecution. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-8678-0.
See also[edit]
##List of Watch Tower Society publications
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Bergman, Jerry (1999). Jehovah's Witnesses : a comprehensive and selectively annotated bibliography (1. publ ed.). Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 9780313305108.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Chryssides, George D. (2009). The A to Z of Jehovah's Witnesses. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. pp. 145–168. ISBN 9780810868915.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Gruss, Edmond C. (2001). "Selected bibliography". Jehovah's Witnesses : their claims, doctrinal changes, and prophetic speculation : what does the record show?. Fairfax, VA: Xulon Press. p. 357. ISBN 9781931232302.
Categories: Jehovah's Witnesses
Religious bibliographies
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliography_of_Jehovah%27s_Witnesses
Jehovah's Witnesses publications
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about literature used by Jehovah's Witnesses. For literature produced by the Watch Tower Society since its inception, see List of Watch Tower Society publications.
Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses
Overview
Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
and Tract Society
Corporations
History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions
Demographics
By country
Beliefs ·
Practices
Salvation ·
Eschatology
The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
God's name
Blood ·
Discipline
Literature
The Watchtower ·
Awake!
New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
George Storrs ·
N. H. Barbour
John Nelson Darby
Notable former members
Raymond Franz ·
Olin Moyle
Opposition
Criticism ·
Persecution
Supreme Court cases
by country
v ·
t ·
e
The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society produces a significant amount of printed and electronic literature, primarily for use by Jehovah's Witnesses. Their best known publications are the magazines, The Watchtower and Awake!.
The Watchtower was first published by Charles Taze Russell, founder of the Bible Student movement, in 1879,[1] followed by the inception of the Watch Tower Society in 1881.[2] Supporters adopted the name Jehovah's witnesses in 1931.[3] Particularly since 2001, when referring to other Watch Tower Society publications their literature has typically stated that it is "published by Jehovah's Witnesses",[4] though the edition notice identifies the publisher as the Watch Tower Society.[5]
Along with books and brochures, other media are also produced, including CDs, MP3s and DVDs, and Internet downloads and video streaming. New publications are usually released at Jehovah's Witnesses' annual conventions.
Contents [hide]
1 Literature for preaching 1.1 Special-purpose literature
1.2 The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life
1.3 Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?
2 Literature for members 2.1 Aid to Bible Understanding
3 References
4 External links
Literature for preaching[edit]
Most literature produced by Jehovah's Witnesses is intended for use in their evangelizing work. Publications for preaching are also routinely studied by members, both privately and at their meetings for worship. Their most widely distributed publications are:
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (NWT), a modern-language translation of the Bible published in whole or part in over 125 languages.[6] This is the Bible translation primarily used by Jehovah's Witnesses.
Awake!, published in 103 languages, a general-interest monthly magazine covering many topics from a religious perspective. It has an average printing of nearly 52 million copies per issue.[7]
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom, published in 240 languages semimonthly, focuses mainly on doctrine.[8] With an average printing of nearly 53 million copies of the Public Edition, The Watchtower is the most widely distributed magazine in the world.[9] Since 2008, the issue dated the 1st of each month is distributed to the public and is referred to as the Public Edition. The issue dated the 15th, called the Study Edition, is distributed only to members and others who attend the congregation Watchtower Study.[10] The Study Edition of The Watchtower has an average printing of nearly 15 million copies.[11]
When interested individuals are encountered, Witnesses offer a home Bible study course, using a current publication, such as What Does the Bible Really Teach?, that outlines their primary beliefs and interpretations of the Bible. The Witness then visits the student on a regular basis, generally considering a chapter on each visit, depending on the student's circumstances. Students are requested to examine the material prior to the arrival of the Bible study conductor, using the questions at the bottom of each page, to "help prepare the student for the Bible study".[12] Jehovah’s Witnesses customarily read each paragraph aloud together with the student, and then ask the question(s) provided for that paragraph. Students are encouraged to read the scriptures cited in the material.[13] Bible students are expected to be making progress to become baptized as one of Jehovah's Witnesses by the time the course is completed,[14] and may be asked to study a second publication, such as "Keep Yourselves in God's Love".[15]
Jehovah's Witnesses previously offered their literature for a price determined by the branch office in each country, to cover printing costs.[16] Since 2000, Jehovah's Witnesses have offered their publications free of charge globally.[17] Printing is funded by voluntary donations from Witnesses and members of the public.[18] Jehovah's Witnesses accept donations if offered by householders, and are instructed to invite donations in countries where soliciting funds is permitted.[19]
Special-purpose literature[edit]
Certain publications are designed for distribution to members of specific religious groups. The brochure How Can You Have a Happy Life? is intended for the Jewish community;[20] the brochure The Guidance of God—Our Way to Paradise is published for readers with an Islamic background; Our Problems—Who Will Help Us Solve Them? is targeted toward Hindus; Why Should We Worship God in Love and Truth? is also written for those with Hindu beliefs. The booklet Good News for People of All Nations contains a simple Bible message in many languages.
The brochures Apply Yourself to Reading and Writing and Learn to Read and Write are used, primarily in developing countries, for assisting people to learn to read and write.[21][22]
The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life[edit]
The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life was a Bible study textbook published in 1968 and revised in 1981 (now out of print).[23] The 1990 edition of the Guinness Book of Records included this book under its heading "Highest Printings". According to the Guinness Book, by May 1987 it had reached 106,486,735 copies, in 116 languages.[24]
Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?[edit]
Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?, first published in 1985, presents the Old Earth (Day-Age) creationism of Jehovah's Witnesses, and their criticism of evolution. Biologist Richard Dawkins criticized the book for repeatedly presenting a choice between intelligent design and chance, rather than natural selection.[25] The book was supplemented by the 1998 book, Is There a Creator Who Cares About You?, and the 2010 brochures The Origin of Life—5 Questions Worth Asking and Was Life Created?
Literature for members[edit]
The Finished Mystery—vol. 7 of Studies in the Scriptures
Some publications, such as the hymnal Sing to Jehovah, The Watchtower Study Edition, the newsletter Our Kingdom Ministry,[26] and the textbook Benefit From Theocratic Ministry School Education[27] are for use by those who attend congregation meetings. Others, such as the organizational manual Organized to Do Jehovah's Will[28] and Watchtower Library CD-ROM (containing the Watch Tower Publications Index from 1930, each issue of The Watchtower from 1950, and most other Watch Tower Society literature published since 1970), are typically reserved for members. Certain publications are limited to members in appointed positions, such as the manual for congregation elders, Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock.[29]
Some publications are typically distributed only to members, but may be supplied to other interested individuals on request or made available in public libraries. These include the biblical encyclopedia Insight on the Scriptures and Jehovah's Witnesses' official history book Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom.[30][31] Many of these publications are also available from their website in the Watchtower Online Library.
Aid to Bible Understanding[edit]
Aid to Bible Understanding was the first doctrinal and biblical encyclopedia of Jehovah's Witnesses, published in full in 1971. Research for the book led to new interpretations of some concepts, providing a catalyst for changes in doctrine.[32][33]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Watch Tower, July 1 1879
2.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, January 15, 1955, page 14, "Modern History of Jehovah’s Witnesses"
3.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, page 720, Noteworthy Events in the Modern-day History of Jehovah’s Witnesses
4.Jump up ^ For example, The Watchtower: 8. January 1, 2013. "What Does the Bible Really Teach? published by Jehovah’s Witnesses" Missing or empty |title= (help)
5.Jump up ^ What Does the Bible Really Teach. p. 1. "PUBLISHERS Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A."
6.Jump up ^ 2015 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 23.
7.Jump up ^ "''Awake'', Awake! June 2015 issue, page 2." (PDF). Retrieved 2015-03-27.
8.Jump up ^ "The Watchtower, English 'Public Edition', January 1, 2015, page 2." (PDF). Retrieved 2015-10-25. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
9.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, February 1, 2005, p. 32
10.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, July 2007, p. 1 Exciting Changes for The Watchtower!
11.Jump up ^ "''The Watchower'', Russian ''Study Edition'', January 15, 2015, page 2." (PDF). Retrieved 2014-10-25.
12.Jump up ^ What Does The Bible Really Teach? © Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania 2005. | p. 7 Is This What God Purposed?” As of 2012 (July 2012 Awake!) it is published in 244 languages.
13.Jump up ^ Watchtower Society. “Teach What the Bible Really Teaches” The Watchtower 15 Jan. 2007: 24-25.
14.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, July 2004, page 1, "Part 1—Conducting Progressive Bible Studies"
15.Jump up ^ "How to Use the "God's Love" Book to Conduct Bible Studies". Our Kingdom Ministry: 2. March 2009.
16.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, October 1984 p. 8
17.Jump up ^ Since 1990, the "complete donation basis" had been used in the United States; see Our Kingdom Ministry, May 1990, page 7.
18.Jump up ^ 2001 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 18
19.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, January 2006, p. 5 "How to Offer the Bible Teach Book"
20.Jump up ^ "''How Can You Have a Happy Life?''." (PDF). Retrieved 2014-02-25.
21.Jump up ^ "Volunteers at Work", Awake!, July 22, 2001, page 6
22.Jump up ^ "Apply Yourself to Reading", Benefit from Theocratic Ministry School Education, page 21
23.Jump up ^ Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses. 2000. p. 78.
24.Jump up ^ Awake! October 8, 1990, p. 28.
25.Jump up ^ Richard Dawkins. The God Delusion. pp. 119–121.
26.Jump up ^ An Educator's Classroom Guide to America's Religious Beliefs and Practices by Benjamin Jerome Hubbard, John T. Hatfield, James A. Santucci, ©2007, Libraries Unlimited
27.Jump up ^ Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America by Eugene V. Gallagher, W. Michael Ashcraft, ©2006, Greenwood Publishing Group
28.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses: The African American Enigma--A Contemporary Study (Vol. I) by Firpo W. Carr, ©2002, Morris Pub, page 207
29.Jump up ^ Encyclopedia of Cults and New Religions by John Ankerberg and John Weldon, ©1999, Harvest House Publishers, page 165
30.Jump up ^ "Selected Publications of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania". Our Kingdom Ministry: 6. November 1991.
31.Jump up ^ "The Christian View of Authority". The Watchtower: 21. 1 July 1994.
32.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom. Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. pp. 233–235.
33.Jump up ^ Franz, Raymond (1983). Crisis of Conscience. Commentary Press. pp. 23–25.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Category:Jehovah's Witnesses literature.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses_publications
Jehovah's Witnesses publications
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about literature used by Jehovah's Witnesses. For literature produced by the Watch Tower Society since its inception, see List of Watch Tower Society publications.
Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses
Overview
Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
and Tract Society
Corporations
History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions
Demographics
By country
Beliefs ·
Practices
Salvation ·
Eschatology
The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
God's name
Blood ·
Discipline
Literature
The Watchtower ·
Awake!
New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography
Teaching programs
Kingdom Hall ·
Gilead School
People
Watch Tower presidents
W. H. Conley ·
C. T. Russell
J. F. Rutherford ·
N. H. Knorr
F. W. Franz ·
M. G. Henschel
D. A. Adams
Formative influences
William Miller ·
Henry Grew
George Storrs ·
N. H. Barbour
John Nelson Darby
Notable former members
Raymond Franz ·
Olin Moyle
Opposition
Criticism ·
Persecution
Supreme Court cases
by country
v ·
t ·
e
The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society produces a significant amount of printed and electronic literature, primarily for use by Jehovah's Witnesses. Their best known publications are the magazines, The Watchtower and Awake!.
The Watchtower was first published by Charles Taze Russell, founder of the Bible Student movement, in 1879,[1] followed by the inception of the Watch Tower Society in 1881.[2] Supporters adopted the name Jehovah's witnesses in 1931.[3] Particularly since 2001, when referring to other Watch Tower Society publications their literature has typically stated that it is "published by Jehovah's Witnesses",[4] though the edition notice identifies the publisher as the Watch Tower Society.[5]
Along with books and brochures, other media are also produced, including CDs, MP3s and DVDs, and Internet downloads and video streaming. New publications are usually released at Jehovah's Witnesses' annual conventions.
Contents [hide]
1 Literature for preaching 1.1 Special-purpose literature
1.2 The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life
1.3 Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?
2 Literature for members 2.1 Aid to Bible Understanding
3 References
4 External links
Literature for preaching[edit]
Most literature produced by Jehovah's Witnesses is intended for use in their evangelizing work. Publications for preaching are also routinely studied by members, both privately and at their meetings for worship. Their most widely distributed publications are:
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (NWT), a modern-language translation of the Bible published in whole or part in over 125 languages.[6] This is the Bible translation primarily used by Jehovah's Witnesses.
Awake!, published in 103 languages, a general-interest monthly magazine covering many topics from a religious perspective. It has an average printing of nearly 52 million copies per issue.[7]
The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom, published in 240 languages semimonthly, focuses mainly on doctrine.[8] With an average printing of nearly 53 million copies of the Public Edition, The Watchtower is the most widely distributed magazine in the world.[9] Since 2008, the issue dated the 1st of each month is distributed to the public and is referred to as the Public Edition. The issue dated the 15th, called the Study Edition, is distributed only to members and others who attend the congregation Watchtower Study.[10] The Study Edition of The Watchtower has an average printing of nearly 15 million copies.[11]
When interested individuals are encountered, Witnesses offer a home Bible study course, using a current publication, such as What Does the Bible Really Teach?, that outlines their primary beliefs and interpretations of the Bible. The Witness then visits the student on a regular basis, generally considering a chapter on each visit, depending on the student's circumstances. Students are requested to examine the material prior to the arrival of the Bible study conductor, using the questions at the bottom of each page, to "help prepare the student for the Bible study".[12] Jehovah’s Witnesses customarily read each paragraph aloud together with the student, and then ask the question(s) provided for that paragraph. Students are encouraged to read the scriptures cited in the material.[13] Bible students are expected to be making progress to become baptized as one of Jehovah's Witnesses by the time the course is completed,[14] and may be asked to study a second publication, such as "Keep Yourselves in God's Love".[15]
Jehovah's Witnesses previously offered their literature for a price determined by the branch office in each country, to cover printing costs.[16] Since 2000, Jehovah's Witnesses have offered their publications free of charge globally.[17] Printing is funded by voluntary donations from Witnesses and members of the public.[18] Jehovah's Witnesses accept donations if offered by householders, and are instructed to invite donations in countries where soliciting funds is permitted.[19]
Special-purpose literature[edit]
Certain publications are designed for distribution to members of specific religious groups. The brochure How Can You Have a Happy Life? is intended for the Jewish community;[20] the brochure The Guidance of God—Our Way to Paradise is published for readers with an Islamic background; Our Problems—Who Will Help Us Solve Them? is targeted toward Hindus; Why Should We Worship God in Love and Truth? is also written for those with Hindu beliefs. The booklet Good News for People of All Nations contains a simple Bible message in many languages.
The brochures Apply Yourself to Reading and Writing and Learn to Read and Write are used, primarily in developing countries, for assisting people to learn to read and write.[21][22]
The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life[edit]
The Truth That Leads to Eternal Life was a Bible study textbook published in 1968 and revised in 1981 (now out of print).[23] The 1990 edition of the Guinness Book of Records included this book under its heading "Highest Printings". According to the Guinness Book, by May 1987 it had reached 106,486,735 copies, in 116 languages.[24]
Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?[edit]
Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?, first published in 1985, presents the Old Earth (Day-Age) creationism of Jehovah's Witnesses, and their criticism of evolution. Biologist Richard Dawkins criticized the book for repeatedly presenting a choice between intelligent design and chance, rather than natural selection.[25] The book was supplemented by the 1998 book, Is There a Creator Who Cares About You?, and the 2010 brochures The Origin of Life—5 Questions Worth Asking and Was Life Created?
Literature for members[edit]
The Finished Mystery—vol. 7 of Studies in the Scriptures
Some publications, such as the hymnal Sing to Jehovah, The Watchtower Study Edition, the newsletter Our Kingdom Ministry,[26] and the textbook Benefit From Theocratic Ministry School Education[27] are for use by those who attend congregation meetings. Others, such as the organizational manual Organized to Do Jehovah's Will[28] and Watchtower Library CD-ROM (containing the Watch Tower Publications Index from 1930, each issue of The Watchtower from 1950, and most other Watch Tower Society literature published since 1970), are typically reserved for members. Certain publications are limited to members in appointed positions, such as the manual for congregation elders, Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock.[29]
Some publications are typically distributed only to members, but may be supplied to other interested individuals on request or made available in public libraries. These include the biblical encyclopedia Insight on the Scriptures and Jehovah's Witnesses' official history book Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom.[30][31] Many of these publications are also available from their website in the Watchtower Online Library.
Aid to Bible Understanding[edit]
Aid to Bible Understanding was the first doctrinal and biblical encyclopedia of Jehovah's Witnesses, published in full in 1971. Research for the book led to new interpretations of some concepts, providing a catalyst for changes in doctrine.[32][33]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Watch Tower, July 1 1879
2.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, January 15, 1955, page 14, "Modern History of Jehovah’s Witnesses"
3.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, page 720, Noteworthy Events in the Modern-day History of Jehovah’s Witnesses
4.Jump up ^ For example, The Watchtower: 8. January 1, 2013. "What Does the Bible Really Teach? published by Jehovah’s Witnesses" Missing or empty |title= (help)
5.Jump up ^ What Does the Bible Really Teach. p. 1. "PUBLISHERS Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A."
6.Jump up ^ 2015 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 23.
7.Jump up ^ "''Awake'', Awake! June 2015 issue, page 2." (PDF). Retrieved 2015-03-27.
8.Jump up ^ "The Watchtower, English 'Public Edition', January 1, 2015, page 2." (PDF). Retrieved 2015-10-25. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
9.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, February 1, 2005, p. 32
10.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, July 2007, p. 1 Exciting Changes for The Watchtower!
11.Jump up ^ "''The Watchower'', Russian ''Study Edition'', January 15, 2015, page 2." (PDF). Retrieved 2014-10-25.
12.Jump up ^ What Does The Bible Really Teach? © Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania 2005. | p. 7 Is This What God Purposed?” As of 2012 (July 2012 Awake!) it is published in 244 languages.
13.Jump up ^ Watchtower Society. “Teach What the Bible Really Teaches” The Watchtower 15 Jan. 2007: 24-25.
14.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, July 2004, page 1, "Part 1—Conducting Progressive Bible Studies"
15.Jump up ^ "How to Use the "God's Love" Book to Conduct Bible Studies". Our Kingdom Ministry: 2. March 2009.
16.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, October 1984 p. 8
17.Jump up ^ Since 1990, the "complete donation basis" had been used in the United States; see Our Kingdom Ministry, May 1990, page 7.
18.Jump up ^ 2001 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 18
19.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, January 2006, p. 5 "How to Offer the Bible Teach Book"
20.Jump up ^ "''How Can You Have a Happy Life?''." (PDF). Retrieved 2014-02-25.
21.Jump up ^ "Volunteers at Work", Awake!, July 22, 2001, page 6
22.Jump up ^ "Apply Yourself to Reading", Benefit from Theocratic Ministry School Education, page 21
23.Jump up ^ Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses. 2000. p. 78.
24.Jump up ^ Awake! October 8, 1990, p. 28.
25.Jump up ^ Richard Dawkins. The God Delusion. pp. 119–121.
26.Jump up ^ An Educator's Classroom Guide to America's Religious Beliefs and Practices by Benjamin Jerome Hubbard, John T. Hatfield, James A. Santucci, ©2007, Libraries Unlimited
27.Jump up ^ Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America by Eugene V. Gallagher, W. Michael Ashcraft, ©2006, Greenwood Publishing Group
28.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses: The African American Enigma--A Contemporary Study (Vol. I) by Firpo W. Carr, ©2002, Morris Pub, page 207
29.Jump up ^ Encyclopedia of Cults and New Religions by John Ankerberg and John Weldon, ©1999, Harvest House Publishers, page 165
30.Jump up ^ "Selected Publications of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania". Our Kingdom Ministry: 6. November 1991.
31.Jump up ^ "The Christian View of Authority". The Watchtower: 21. 1 July 1994.
32.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom. Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. pp. 233–235.
33.Jump up ^ Franz, Raymond (1983). Crisis of Conscience. Commentary Press. pp. 23–25.
External links[edit]
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Watchtower Bible School of Gilead
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Watchtower Bible School of Gilead is the formal name of the missionary school of Jehovah's Witnesses, typically referred to simply as Gilead or Gilead School.[1][2] Gilead is the flagship school at the Watchtower Educational Center at Patterson, New York, USA.[3][4][5]
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Curriculum and goals
3 Gilead School extensions 3.1 Languages other than English
3.2 Bible School for Single Brothers
3.3 Bible School for Christian Couples
4 References
History[edit]
Based on their interpretation of Revelation 17:8, Witnesses anticipated a period of peace after World War II, and saw an opportunity to expand their global preaching efforts.[6] In 1942, at the height of the war, Nathan H. Knorr, then president of the Watchtower Society, proposed the establishment of Watchtower Bible School of Gilead.[7] The first class began on February 1, 1943. No tuition was to be charged.[8] Five months later, graduating students began to move out to their assignments in nine Latin-American countries, including Cuba. As early as 1956, graduates were serving "in about a hundred different lands".[9]
Originally founded as a temporary program,[10] Gilead School has held classes at several of the facilities operated by the Watchtower Society:
Kingdom Farm in South Lansing, New York[11] from 1943 to 1960
Watch Tower Society headquarters in Brooklyn, New York from 1961 to 1988[12]
Watchtower Farms in Wallkill, New York from 1988 to 1995;[13] and
Watchtower Educational Center in Patterson, New York since 1995.
Gilead has trained 136 classes since 1943, its 136th class graduated March 8, 2014.[14] In 2008, Gilead School surpassed 8000 alumni.[15][16][17] Some Gilead graduates have remained in foreign missionary assignments for decades, others eventually served as traveling overseers, translators, or branch staff; some may be appointed as "special pioneers" if they serve in their home country.[18][19] Encyclopædia Britannica notes that Gilead was intended to train "missionaries and leaders";[20] two current members of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses are Gilead graduates,[21][22] as were four deceased members.[23][24][25][26]
The graduation of each semi-annual Gilead class is a significant event, which may be attended by much of the United States branch staff as well as invited guests from dozens of countries; audiences typically surpass 6000,[27][28][29] with the graduation of the 136st class on March 8, 2014 totaling 11,548 attended the program, either in person at the educational center of Jehovah’s Witnesses in Patterson, New York, or via video tie-in at locations in Canada, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and the United States.[14]
Curriculum and goals[edit]
Theology lecturer George D. Chryssides writes that the initial Gilead syllabus was "described as the Advanced Course in Theocratic Ministry"; within months the program led to "similar training" in congregations as the Theocratic Ministry School.[30] Female Witnesses could enroll in Gilead school and present talks since its inception in 1943, but could not enroll in congregation schools until 1959.[31][32]
The school is held twice each year and lasts about five months.[33] Students are selected by invitation, and are usually married couples in their thirties who have been involved in missionary work in their home countries for a number of years.[34] After graduation, they are assigned mainly to Africa, South America, Asia and islands in the Pacific Ocean.
Gilead School's main textbook is the Bible. Lectures and student presentations focus on a verse-by-verse study of each of book of the Bible, alternating between the Old and New Testaments, which they refer to as the Hebrew and Greek Scriptures. The curriculum is based on the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures published by the Watchtower Society, although other reference material, including other Bible translations are used.[35][36] Students are prepared for missionary work in foreign lands. They learn how to cope with changes in culture and language as well as techniques for conducting meetings and Bible classes. Some students receive additional practical training for translation and literature production.[37]
Rather than the provision of material needs such as hospitals, refugee centers, and orphanages, their missionary work focuses on preaching, with emphasis on their belief that the only permanent solution to mankind's problems is God's Kingdom.[38]
Gilead School extensions[edit]
Languages other than English[edit]
The entire curriculum at Watchtower Bible School of Gilead is presented in English.[39] Beginning in 1980, occasional extensions to Gilead were established in Germany (called "Gilead Extension School") and in Mexico (called "Gilead Cultural School of Mexico"[40]) to provide training to student missionaries speaking German and Spanish.[41] Occasional extensions to Gilead have also been taught in India.[42][43]
Bible School for Single Brothers[edit]
The Bible School for Single Brothers, originally known as the Ministerial Training School and established in 1987, is considered an extension of the Gilead School.[44][45][46] It comprises an 8½ week Bible-based educational program for single elders and ministerial servants (their term for deacons). The curriculum includes detailed Bible study, public speaking skills, teaching, preaching and organizational arrangements.[47]
The course is held in various languages[48][49] and in many countries,[48][50] and the course duration is shorter than that of Gilead. Since its establishment until 2004, 999 classes of the Ministerial Training School were held, training 22,000 students.[51]
Graduates of the school are generally assigned to their home congregations for a time, but are often offered the opportunity to serve in a more needy congregation or area, as and when the need arises. Usually this is in their home country but can sometimes be abroad. They are sometimes used in the capacity of circuit overseers, assigned to help groups of congregations.[52]
Bible School for Christian Couples[edit]
A new Bible School for Christian Couples was announced in 2010, similar in duration and adapted from the curriculum of the Bible School for Single Brothers, but for husband and wife pairs to attend together. The school's purpose is to "give couples further training so that they can be more useful to Jehovah’s organization". At the announcement of this new school, it was also announced that wives would also be invited to the now-renamed School for Traveling Overseers and Their Wives and School for Branch Committee Members and Their Wives.[53]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Happy Climax to 80 Years of Gathering". The Watchtower: 22. 15 April 1986.
2.Jump up ^ Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions (1999 edition), page 563
3.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, December 1990, page 10
4.Jump up ^ 1993 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 25
5.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, November 15, 1999, pages 8-9
6.Jump up ^ "Postwar Enlargement of the Theocratic Organization", The Watchtower, July 15, 1950, page 219; "Despite wartime difficulties a New World Theocratic convention was held that following summer in Cleveland, Ohio, September 18-20 [1942] ... Brother Knorr gave the address “Peace—Can It Last?” ... this public address showed a peace period would follow World War II ... In the mind of Brother Knorr the idea of a missionary-training school formed. ... The Watch Tower board of directors was enthusiastically in favor of it, and thus what was first called the Watchtower Bible College of Gilead was arranged for."
7.Jump up ^ The Encyclopedia Americana, Volume 20, ©2000 Grolier Incorporated, page 13, As Retrieved 2009-08-24, "[Knorr] established congregational Theocratic Ministry schools and the society's missionary college, the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead."
8.Jump up ^ “Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom” 1993, chap. 23 p. 522; “Missionaries Push Worldwide Expansion” © Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
9.Jump up ^ Interpretation, Volume 10, ©1956 Union Theological Seminary in Virginia, As Retrieved 2009-08-24, page 329
10.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, June 15, 2001, page 26
11.Jump up ^ Religion in the Twentieth Century by Vergilius Ture Anselm Ferm, ©1948, Philosophical Library, page 387, As Retrieved 2009-08-24
12.Jump up ^ "A New Home for the Gilead Missionary School". The Watchtower: 21. 1 June 1989.
13.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, December 1, 1995, page 24
14.^ Jump up to: a b The Graduation of the 136th Class of the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead
15.Jump up ^ "Missionaries Encouraged to Be Like Jeremiah", The Watchtower, [he Graduation of the 136th Class of the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead February 15, 2009, page 22]
16.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, August 15, 2008, page 30
17.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, November 1, 2001, page 23
18.Jump up ^ 2001 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, ©Watch Tower, page 217
19.Jump up ^ 2005 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, ©Watch Tower, page 160
20.Jump up ^ Watch Tower Bible School of Gilead. (2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved March 10, 2009, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/636742/Watch-Tower-Bible-School-of-Gilead
21.Jump up ^ "Gilead Graduates Go Forth as Zealous Harvest Workers!", The Watchtower, June 15, 2004, page 25, "Gerrit Lösch, a member of the Governing Body and a graduate of the 41st class of Gilead."
22.Jump up ^ "Motivated to Serve", The Watchtower, December 15, 2000, page 27, "David Splane, a former missionary and a graduate of the 42nd class of Gilead who is now serving as a member of the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses."
23.Jump up ^ "Graduating Students of the Word of God", The Watchtower, June 1, 1997, page 30, "Lloyd Barry, also of the Governing Body, was a graduate of the 11th class of Gilead and served as a missionary in Japan for over 25 years."
24.Jump up ^ "New Members of the Governing Body", The Watchtower, November 15, 1977, page 680, "The new members of the Governing Body [include] Martin Poetzinger of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... Martin Poetzinger entered the Kingdom service in 1926 and entered pioneer service in 1930. He is a graduate of the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead."
25.Jump up ^ "Gilead Graduates Urged to Cultivate Good Communication Skills", The Watchtower, June 1, 1990, page 26, "C. W. Barber, also a member of the Governing Body and himself a graduate of Gilead's 26th class, briefly discussed."
26.Jump up ^ "Gilead Graduates Go Forth as Zealous Harvest Workers!", The Watchtower, June 15, 2004, page 25, "Theodore Jaracz, a member of the Governing Body and a graduate of the seventh class of Gilead..."
27.Jump up ^ "Gilead's 84th Class—Living Up To Expectations!", The Watchtower, June 1, 1988, page 22
28.Jump up ^ "Missionaries Are Compared to Locusts", The Watchtower, August 15, 2008, page 30, "EVERY six months, the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead holds a graduation program to which the entire United States Bethel family is invited. On March 8, 2008, guests from more than 30 countries joined the Bethel family ... 6,411 in attendance"
29.Jump up ^ "They Made the Hearts of Their Parents Rejoice", The Watchtower, January 1, 2006, page 13, "On Saturday, September 10, 2005, an international group of 6,859 people attended the graduation of the 119th class of the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead."
30.Jump up ^ "Introduction", Historical Dictionary of Jehovah's Witnesses by George D. Chryssides, Rowman & Littlefield, 2008, Page lvii
31.Jump up ^ “Jehovah Is My Strength”, The Watchtower, October 15, 2008, page 18, "At that time [1951], sisters were not yet enrolled in the Theocratic Ministry School in the local congregations, but at Gilead we sisters received assignments to give student talks and reports."
32.Jump up ^ "Divine Will International Assembly of Jehovah’s Witnesses", The Watchtower, February 15, 1959, page 120, "[1958 conventions announced that] from the beginning of 1959, sisters in the congregations were to be privileged to enroll in the weekly Theocratic Ministry School."
33.Jump up ^ Sect, cult, and church in Alberta by William Edward Mann, ©1955, University of Toronto Press, page 109, As Retrieved 2009-08-24, "Watch Tower Bible Society of Gilead [sic] in the eastern United States, which gave a five-month training course to leaders selected by the central organization from branches in all parts of the world."
34.Jump up ^ “Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom” – 1993, chap. 23 p. 523
35.Jump up ^ "Be Joyful With the Kingdom Hope!", The Watchtower, June 15, 2001, page 26, "The main textbook is the Bible. And then we have Bible study aids to help us understand the Bible. Those are available to all. There is no secret information dispensed at Gilead."
36.Jump up ^ 1970 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, ©Watch Tower, page 71, "Of course, an intensive study of the Bible constitutes the major part of Gilead School's curriculum. Students must read the entire Bible, starting when they receive their letter of invitation to the school. ... Bible courses, which consist of a verse-by-verse study of the Bible from Genesis to Revelation, also two other subjects designed to cover the Bible from the doctrinal standpoint and, finally, the practical application of the Bible's principles of everyday living in Jehovah's organization and the Christian ministry."
37.Jump up ^ Andover Newton Quarterly, Volume 3, ©1962 Andover Newton Theological School, As Retrieved 2009-08-24, page 16, "[Students] work for half a day at the factory and attend the Gilead School for half a day. The work at the factory is on-the-job training, intended to fit them to operate printing establishments in their own countries."
38.Jump up ^ “Jehovah's Witnesses – Proclaimers of God's Kingdom” – 1993, chap. 23 p. 523
39.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, October 15, 1982, page 31
40.Jump up ^ 1982 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 22
41.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, June 15, 1982, page 8
42.Jump up ^ 1992 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 255
43.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, pages 544-545
44.Jump up ^ Awake!, September 8, 1993, page 18
45.Jump up ^ 1996 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, page 16
46.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, June 15, 2011, page 32
47.Jump up ^ "A School Whose Graduates Benefit People Worldwide". (2006-Nov-15). The Watchtower, p. 10
48.^ Jump up to: a b The Watchtower, November 15, 2006, page 10
49.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, June 1999, page 1
50.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom, page 300
51.Jump up ^ Our Kingdom Ministry, August 2004, page 3
52.Jump up ^ Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom p. 20 "Traveling Overseers—Fellow Workers in the Truth " © Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania 1993
53.Jump up ^ "A History-Making Meeting", The Watchtower, August 15, 2011, page 21, "Geoffrey Jackson of the Governing Body...next revealed that the Ministerial Training School would henceforth be known as the Bible School for Single Brothers. It would soon be complemented by the Bible School for Christian Couples. This school would give couples further training so that they can be more useful to Jehovah’s organization. Brother Lett also announced that the School for Traveling Overseers and Their Wives and the School for Branch Committee Members and Their Wives would be expanded to two classes each year at Patterson, with provisions for those who have previously attended to attend a second time."
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Categories: Organizational structure of Jehovah's Witnesses
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