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Melissa Harris-Perry

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This article is about Melissa Harris-Perry. For her eponymous show, see Melissa Harris-Perry (TV series).

Melissa Harris-Perry

Born
Melissa Victoria Harris
 October 2, 1973 (age 41)
Seattle, Washington, U.S.
Residence
New Orleans, Louisiana
Education
Wake Forest University (B.A.)
Duke University (Ph.D.)
Occupation
Professor, author
Religion
Unitarian Universalist
Spouse(s)
Dennis Lacewell (1999–2005)
 James Perry (2010–present)
Children
2 daughters
Parent(s)
William M. Harris Sr.
Diana Gray
Website
melissaharrisperry.com
Melissa Victoria Harris-Perry (born October 2, 1973; formerly known as Melissa Victoria Harris-Lacewell) is an American writer, professor, television host, and political commentator with a focus on African-American politics. Harris-Perry hosts the Melissa Harris-Perry weekend news and opinion television show on MSNBC. She is also a regular fill-in host on The Rachel Maddow Show as well as a professor of politics and international affairs at Wake Forest University, where she is the founding director of the Anna Julia Cooper Project on Gender, Race, and Politics in the South. Prior to this, she taught at Princeton University and the University of Chicago. She is also a regular columnist for the magazine The Nation, and the author of Sister Citizen: Shame, Stereotypes, and Black Women in America.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Bibliography
4 References
5 External links

Early life[edit]
Harris-Perry was born to a white mother and black father.[1] She was born in Seattle but grew up in Chesterfield County, Virginia, one of the counties adjoining the independent city of Richmond, Virginia attending Thomas Dale High School. Her father was the first dean of African-American Affairs at the University of Virginia.[2] Her mother, Diana Gray, taught at a community college and was working on her doctorate when they met. She went on to work for nonprofit organizations that provided services such as day-care centers, health care for people in rural communities and access to reproductive care for poor women.[3]
Harris-Perry graduated from Wake Forest University with a bachelor's degree in English and received a PhD in political science from Duke University. She also received an honorary doctorate from Meadville Lombard Theological School and studied theology at Union Theological Seminary in New York City.[4][5]
Career[edit]
Harris-Perry's academic career began in the fall of 1999, where she rose from Assistant to Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago. After 7 years, and being lured by famed philosopher Dr. Cornel West, Perry left University of Chicago for Princeton University in 2006. She was offered a tenured joint appointment as an Associate Professor of Political Science and African-American Studies. Harris-Perry would remain in this position until she left in 2011,[6] after being denied a full professorship because of “questions about her work and an assessment of where she is” in her career, according to the Center's director at the time, Eddie S. Glaude Jr.[7] MSNBC announced on January 5, 2012 that Harris-Perry would host her own weekend show, which began airing on February 18, 2012.[8]
Harris-Perry has been both lauded and criticized by numerous political commentators for statements she has made on her program—including those related to collective parenting, the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, and abortion.[9][10][11] She tearfully apologized for a "photos of the year" segment on December 28, 2013 that made several jokes about a family picture featuring former Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney's family, including his adopted black grandson.[12][13][14]
On July 1, 2014, Harris-Perry returned to her alma mater, Wake Forest University, as Presidential Chair Professor of Politics and International Affairs.[15] She is the founding director of the Anna Julia Cooper Project.[16][17]
In April 2015, the Winston-Salem Journal reported that the IRS had placed a tax lien on Harris-Perry and her husband for about $70,000 in delinquent taxes. Harris-Perry said she and her husband paid $21,721 on April 15, 2015 and have a payment plan with the IRS.[18]
Bibliography[edit]
Harris-Lacewell, Melissa Victoria (2004). Barbershops, Bibles, and BET: Everyday Talk and Black Political Thought (First ed.). Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-11405-7.
Harris-Perry, Melissa V. (2011). Sister Citizen: Shame, Stereotypes, and Black Women in America. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-16541-8.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ [1]
2.Jump up ^ Williams, Michael Paul (February 6, 2011). "Chesterfield native, now MSNBC commentator, speaking at VCU". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
3.Jump up ^ Pope, John (October 2, 2011). "New Orleans transplant has a life rich in politics, pedagogy". The Times-Picayune.
4.Jump up ^ "About Melissa Harris-Perry". MelissaHarrisPerry.com. 2011. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
5.Jump up ^ Levin, Anne (October 10, 2007). "From House to Home". U.S. 1 Newspaper. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
6.Jump up ^ Glickel, Jen. "Uncommon Interview- Melissa Harris-Lacewell". The Chicago Maroon. Retrieved 2015-02-07.
7.Jump up ^ Plump, Wendy (February 12, 2012). "Princeton Center for African American Studies loses two high-profile figures, but gains renewed sense of purpose". The Times of Trenton. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
8.Jump up ^ Tommy Christopher (2012-01-05). "Melissa Harris-Perry To Host MSNBC Weekend Show Starting In February". Mediaite. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
9.Jump up ^ Freedlander, David (11 April 2013). "Melissa Harris-Perry and the Firestorm Over ‘Collective’ Parenting". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
10.Jump up ^ Poor, Jeff (26 May 2013). "MSNBC's Melissa Harris-Perry likens Guantanamo detainees to American slaves". The Daily Caller. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
11.Jump up ^ McMurry, Evan (21 July 2013). "MSNBC’s Melissa Harris-Perry Dons Tampon Earrings To Protest Texas Abortion Bill". Mediaite. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
12.Jump up ^ Peter Grier (2013-12-31). "Melissa Harris-Perry Apologizes for Romney Grandchild Jokes". CS Monitor. Retrieved 2013-12-31.
13.Jump up ^ LoGiurato, =Brett (2014-01-02). "Here's Melissa Harris-Perry's Tearful Apology For The Controversial Segment On The Romneys' Black Grandchild". San Francisco, CA: SFGate. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
14.Jump up ^ Melissa Harris-Perry (2013-12-31). "An apology from Melissa Harris-Perry". MSNBC. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
15.Jump up ^ Melissa Harris-Perry to join faculty
16.Jump up ^ "About Melissa". Retrieved 13 September 2014.
17.Jump up ^ Melissa Harris-Perry
18.Jump up ^ IRS files $70K tax lien against Harris-Perry, husband, Winston-Salem Journal, April 15, 2015
External links[edit]
Melissa Harris-Perry – Official website
Melissa Harris-Perry on MSNBC
Column archive at The Nation


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Melissa Harris-Perry

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about Melissa Harris-Perry. For her eponymous show, see Melissa Harris-Perry (TV series).

Melissa Harris-Perry

Born
Melissa Victoria Harris
 October 2, 1973 (age 41)
Seattle, Washington, U.S.
Residence
New Orleans, Louisiana
Education
Wake Forest University (B.A.)
Duke University (Ph.D.)
Occupation
Professor, author
Religion
Unitarian Universalist
Spouse(s)
Dennis Lacewell (1999–2005)
 James Perry (2010–present)
Children
2 daughters
Parent(s)
William M. Harris Sr.
Diana Gray
Website
melissaharrisperry.com
Melissa Victoria Harris-Perry (born October 2, 1973; formerly known as Melissa Victoria Harris-Lacewell) is an American writer, professor, television host, and political commentator with a focus on African-American politics. Harris-Perry hosts the Melissa Harris-Perry weekend news and opinion television show on MSNBC. She is also a regular fill-in host on The Rachel Maddow Show as well as a professor of politics and international affairs at Wake Forest University, where she is the founding director of the Anna Julia Cooper Project on Gender, Race, and Politics in the South. Prior to this, she taught at Princeton University and the University of Chicago. She is also a regular columnist for the magazine The Nation, and the author of Sister Citizen: Shame, Stereotypes, and Black Women in America.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Bibliography
4 References
5 External links

Early life[edit]
Harris-Perry was born to a white mother and black father.[1] She was born in Seattle but grew up in Chesterfield County, Virginia, one of the counties adjoining the independent city of Richmond, Virginia attending Thomas Dale High School. Her father was the first dean of African-American Affairs at the University of Virginia.[2] Her mother, Diana Gray, taught at a community college and was working on her doctorate when they met. She went on to work for nonprofit organizations that provided services such as day-care centers, health care for people in rural communities and access to reproductive care for poor women.[3]
Harris-Perry graduated from Wake Forest University with a bachelor's degree in English and received a PhD in political science from Duke University. She also received an honorary doctorate from Meadville Lombard Theological School and studied theology at Union Theological Seminary in New York City.[4][5]
Career[edit]
Harris-Perry's academic career began in the fall of 1999, where she rose from Assistant to Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago. After 7 years, and being lured by famed philosopher Dr. Cornel West, Perry left University of Chicago for Princeton University in 2006. She was offered a tenured joint appointment as an Associate Professor of Political Science and African-American Studies. Harris-Perry would remain in this position until she left in 2011,[6] after being denied a full professorship because of “questions about her work and an assessment of where she is” in her career, according to the Center's director at the time, Eddie S. Glaude Jr.[7] MSNBC announced on January 5, 2012 that Harris-Perry would host her own weekend show, which began airing on February 18, 2012.[8]
Harris-Perry has been both lauded and criticized by numerous political commentators for statements she has made on her program—including those related to collective parenting, the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, and abortion.[9][10][11] She tearfully apologized for a "photos of the year" segment on December 28, 2013 that made several jokes about a family picture featuring former Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney's family, including his adopted black grandson.[12][13][14]
On July 1, 2014, Harris-Perry returned to her alma mater, Wake Forest University, as Presidential Chair Professor of Politics and International Affairs.[15] She is the founding director of the Anna Julia Cooper Project.[16][17]
In April 2015, the Winston-Salem Journal reported that the IRS had placed a tax lien on Harris-Perry and her husband for about $70,000 in delinquent taxes. Harris-Perry said she and her husband paid $21,721 on April 15, 2015 and have a payment plan with the IRS.[18]
Bibliography[edit]
Harris-Lacewell, Melissa Victoria (2004). Barbershops, Bibles, and BET: Everyday Talk and Black Political Thought (First ed.). Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-11405-7.
Harris-Perry, Melissa V. (2011). Sister Citizen: Shame, Stereotypes, and Black Women in America. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-16541-8.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ [1]
2.Jump up ^ Williams, Michael Paul (February 6, 2011). "Chesterfield native, now MSNBC commentator, speaking at VCU". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
3.Jump up ^ Pope, John (October 2, 2011). "New Orleans transplant has a life rich in politics, pedagogy". The Times-Picayune.
4.Jump up ^ "About Melissa Harris-Perry". MelissaHarrisPerry.com. 2011. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
5.Jump up ^ Levin, Anne (October 10, 2007). "From House to Home". U.S. 1 Newspaper. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
6.Jump up ^ Glickel, Jen. "Uncommon Interview- Melissa Harris-Lacewell". The Chicago Maroon. Retrieved 2015-02-07.
7.Jump up ^ Plump, Wendy (February 12, 2012). "Princeton Center for African American Studies loses two high-profile figures, but gains renewed sense of purpose". The Times of Trenton. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
8.Jump up ^ Tommy Christopher (2012-01-05). "Melissa Harris-Perry To Host MSNBC Weekend Show Starting In February". Mediaite. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
9.Jump up ^ Freedlander, David (11 April 2013). "Melissa Harris-Perry and the Firestorm Over ‘Collective’ Parenting". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
10.Jump up ^ Poor, Jeff (26 May 2013). "MSNBC's Melissa Harris-Perry likens Guantanamo detainees to American slaves". The Daily Caller. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
11.Jump up ^ McMurry, Evan (21 July 2013). "MSNBC’s Melissa Harris-Perry Dons Tampon Earrings To Protest Texas Abortion Bill". Mediaite. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
12.Jump up ^ Peter Grier (2013-12-31). "Melissa Harris-Perry Apologizes for Romney Grandchild Jokes". CS Monitor. Retrieved 2013-12-31.
13.Jump up ^ LoGiurato, =Brett (2014-01-02). "Here's Melissa Harris-Perry's Tearful Apology For The Controversial Segment On The Romneys' Black Grandchild". San Francisco, CA: SFGate. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
14.Jump up ^ Melissa Harris-Perry (2013-12-31). "An apology from Melissa Harris-Perry". MSNBC. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
15.Jump up ^ Melissa Harris-Perry to join faculty
16.Jump up ^ "About Melissa". Retrieved 13 September 2014.
17.Jump up ^ Melissa Harris-Perry
18.Jump up ^ IRS files $70K tax lien against Harris-Perry, husband, Winston-Salem Journal, April 15, 2015
External links[edit]
Melissa Harris-Perry – Official website
Melissa Harris-Perry on MSNBC
Column archive at The Nation


[show]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
MSNBC personalities
















































































































 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1973 births
Living people
African-American journalists
American non-fiction writers
American political scientists
American political pundits
American social sciences writers
People from Charlottesville, Virginia
Writers from New Orleans, Louisiana
Duke University alumni
Princeton University faculty
Tulane University faculty
Wake Forest University alumni
Wake Forest University people
Liberalism in the United States
The Nation (U.S. magazine) people
American television personalities
MSNBC
African-American studies scholars
Critical theorists
Critical race theory
Unitarian Universalists
University of Chicago faculty
Union Theological Seminary (New York City) alumni
21st-century American writers
21st-century women writers




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Tim Berners-Lee

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Sir Tim Berners-Lee
OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA, DFBCS
Sir Tim Berners-Lee.jpg
Berners-Lee in 2014.

Born
Timothy John Berners-Lee
 8 June 1955 (age 59)
London, England
Occupation
Computer scientist
Employer
World Wide Web Consortium
University of Southampton
Plessey
MIT

Title
Professor
Spouse(s)
Rosemary Leith
Parent(s)
Conway Berners-Lee
Mary Lee Woods
Awards
See full list of honours
Website
www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee
Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee, OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA, DFBCS (born 8 June 1955),[1] also known as TimBL, is an English computer scientist, best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web. He made a proposal for an information management system in March 1989,[2] and he implemented the first successful communication between a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server via the Internet sometime around mid-November of that same year.[3][4][5][6][7]
Berners-Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which oversees the Web's continued development. He is also the founder of the World Wide Web Foundation, and is a senior researcher and holder of the Founders Chair at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL).[8] He is a director of the Web Science Research Initiative (WSRI),[9] and a member of the advisory board of the MIT Center for Collective Intelligence.[10][11] In 2011 he was named as a member the Board of Trustees of the Ford Foundation.[12]
In 2004, Berners-Lee was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his pioneering work.[13][14] In April 2009, he was elected a foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences.[15][16] He was honoured as the "Inventor of the World Wide Web" during the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, in which he appeared in person, working with a vintage NeXT Computer at the London Olympic Stadium.[17] He tweeted "This is for everyone",[18] which instantly was spelled out in LCD lights attached to the chairs of the 80,000 people in the audience.[17]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Current work
4 Awards and honours
5 Personal life
6 Religious views
7 See also
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links

Early life
Berners-Lee was born in London, England, United Kingdom (UK),[19] one of four children born to Mary Lee Woods and Conway Berners-Lee. His parents worked on the first commercially-built computer, the Ferranti Mark 1. He attended Sheen Mount Primary School, and then went on to attend south west London's independent Emanuel School from 1969 to 1973.[1][13] A keen trainspotter as a child, he learnt about electronics from tinkering with a model railway.[20] He studied at The Queen's College of the University of Oxford from 1973 to 1976, where he received a first-class degree in physics.[19]
Career



 Berners-Lee, 2005
After graduation, Berners-Lee worked as an engineer at the telecommunications company Plessey in Poole, UK.[19] In 1978, he joined D. G. Nash in Ferndown, Dorset, where he helped create type-setting software for printers.[19]
Berners-Lee worked as an independent contractor at CERN from June to December 1980. While there, he proposed a project based on the concept of hypertext, to facilitate sharing and updating information among researchers.[21] To demonstrate, he built a prototype system named ENQUIRE.[22]
After leaving CERN in late 1980, he went to work at John Poole's Image Computer Systems, Ltd, in Bournemouth, England.[23] He ran the company's technical side for three years.[24] The project he worked on was a "real-time remote procedure call" which gave him experience in computer networking.[23] In 1984, he returned to CERN as a fellow.[22]
In 1989, CERN was the largest Internet node in Europe, and Berners-Lee saw an opportunity to join hypertext with the Internet:

"I just had to take the hypertext idea and connect it to the Transmission Control Protocol and domain name system ideas and—ta-da!—the World Wide Web[25] ... Creating the web was really an act of desperation, because the situation without it was very difficult when I was working at CERN later. Most of the technology involved in the web, like the hypertext, like the Internet, multifont text objects, had all been designed already. I just had to put them together. It was a step of generalising, going to a higher level of abstraction, thinking about all the documentation systems out there as being possibly part of a larger imaginary documentation system."[26]
Berners-Lee wrote his proposal in March 1989 and, in 1990, redistributed it. It was then accepted by his manager, Mike Sendall.[27] He used similar ideas to those underlying the ENQUIRE system to create the World Wide Web, for which he designed and built the first Web browser. His software also functioned as an editor (called WorldWideWeb, running on the NeXTSTEP operating system), and the first Web server, CERN HTTPd (short for Hypertext Transfer Protocol daemon).

"Mike Sendall buys a NeXT cube for evaluation, and gives it to Tim [Berners-Lee]. Tim's prototype implementation on NeXTStep is made in the space of a few months, thanks to the qualities of the NeXTStep software development system. This prototype offers WYSIWYG browsing/authoring! Current Web browsers used in "surfing the Internet" are mere passive windows, depriving the user of the possibility to contribute. During some sessions in the CERN cafeteria, Tim and I try to find a catching name for the system. I was determined that the name should not yet again be taken from Greek mythology. Tim proposes "World-Wide Web". I like this very much, except that it is difficult to pronounce in French..." by Robert Cailliau, 2 November 1995.[28]



 Berners-Lee using his PowerBook in 2003
The first website built was at CERN within the border of France,[29] and was first put online on 6 August 1991:

Info.cern.ch was the address of the world's first-ever web site and web server, running on a NeXT computer at CERN. The first web page address was http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html, which centred on information regarding the WWW project. Visitors could learn more about hypertext, technical details for creating their own webpage, and even an explanation on how to search the Web for information. There are no screenshots of this original page and, in any case, changes were made daily to the information available on the page as the WWW project developed. You may find a later copy (1992) on the World Wide Web Consortium website.[30]
It provided an explanation of what the World Wide Web was, and how one could use a browser and set up a web server.[31][32][33][34]
In 1994, Berners-Lee founded the W3C at MIT, which is located in Massachusetts, United States (US). It comprised various companies that were willing to create standards and recommendations to improve the quality of the Web. Berners-Lee made his idea available freely, with no patent and no royalties due. The World Wide Web Consortium decided that its standards should be based on royalty-free technology, so that they could easily be adopted by anyone.[35]
In 2001, Berners-Lee became a patron of the East Dorset Heritage Trust, having previously lived in Colehill in Wimborne, East Dorset, England.[36]
In December 2004, he accepted a chair in Computer Science at the School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, England, to work on the Semantic Web.[37][38]
In a Times article in October 2009, Berners-Lee admitted that the initial pair of slashes ("//") in a web address were actually "unnecessary". He told the newspaper that he could easily have designed web addresses not to have the slashes. "There you go, it seemed like a good idea at the time," he said in his lighthearted apology.[39]
Current work



 Tim Berners-Lee at the Home Office, London, on 11 March 2010
In June 2009 then British Prime Minister Gordon Brown announced Berners-Lee would work with the UK Government to help make data more open and accessible on the Web, building on the work of the Power of Information Task Force.[40] Berners-Lee and Professor Nigel Shadbolt are the two key figures behind data.gov.uk, a UK Government project to open up almost all data acquired for official purposes for free re-use. Commenting on the opening up of Ordnance Survey data in April 2010 Berners-Lee said that: "The changes signal a wider cultural change in Government based on an assumption that information should be in the public domain unless there is a good reason not to—not the other way around." He went on to say "Greater openness, accountability and transparency in Government will give people greater choice and make it easier for individuals to get more directly involved in issues that matter to them."[41]
In November 2009, Berners-Lee launched the World Wide Web Foundation in order to "Advance the Web to empower humanity by launching transformative programs that build local capacity to leverage the Web as a medium for positive change."[42]
Berners-Lee is one of the pioneer voices in favour of Net Neutrality,[43] and has expressed the view that ISPs should supply "connectivity with no strings attached," and should neither control nor monitor customers' browsing activities without their expressed consent.[44][45] He advocates the idea that net neutrality is a kind of human network right: "Threats to the Internet, such as companies or governments that interfere with or snoop on Internet traffic, compromise basic human network rights."[46]
Berners-Lee joined the board of advisors of start-up State.com, based in London.[47]
As of May 2012, Berners-Lee is President of the Open Data Institute.[48]



 Berners-Lee's tweet, "This is for everyone",[18] at the 2012 Summer Olympic Games in London
The Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI) was launched in October 2013 and Berners-Lee is leading the coalition of public and private organisations that includes Google, Facebook, Intel and Microsoft. The A4AI seeks to make Internet access more affordable so that access is broadened in the developing world, where only 31% of people are online. Berners-Lee will help to decrease internet access prices so that they fall below the UN Broadband Commission's worldwide target of 5% of monthly income.[49]
Awards and honours



 This NeXT Computer was used by Berners-Lee at CERN and became the world's first web server
Main article: Awards and honours presented to Tim Berners-Lee
Berners-Lee has received many awards and honours.
He received a knighthood in 2004 when he was promoted to Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the New Year Honours "for services to the global development of the Internet", and was formally invested on 16 July 2004.[13][50] On 13 June 2007, he received the Order of Merit, becoming one of only 24 living members entitled to hold the honour, and to use the post-nominals 'O.M.' after their name.[51] (The Order of Merit is within the personal bestowal of The Queen, and does not require recommendation by ministers or the Prime Minister)
Personal life
In 2013 Berners-Lee and Rosemary Leith were married at St James's Palace in London.[52] Berners-Lee was previously married to Nancy Carlson in 1990 and the marriage ended in divorce. Rosemary Leith is Director of the World Wide Web Foundation and Fellow at Harvard University's Berkman Center. She was previously World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council Chair of the Future of Internet Security [53] and is on the board of YouGov.[54]
Religious views
Berners-Lee was raised as an Anglican, but in his youth, he turned away from religion, and in his adulthood he became a Unitarian Universalist (UU).[55] He has stated: "Like many people, I had a religious upbringing which I rejected as a teenager... Like many people, I came back to religion when we had children".[56] He and his wife wanted to teach spirituality to his children, and after hearing a Unitarian minister and visiting the UU Church, they opted for it.[57] He is an active member of that Church,[58] to which he adheres because he perceives it as a tolerant and liberal belief. He has also recognized the value of other faiths, stating: "I believe that much of the philosophy of life associated with many religions is much more sound than the dogma which comes along with it. So I do respect them."[56]
See also
Robert Cailliau
Vannevar Bush
Douglas Engelbart
Ted Nelson
Ian Ritchie (entrepreneur)
Eelco van Asperen
History of the World Wide Web
Kevin Hughes (Internet pioneer)
libwww
Mundaneum
Network neutrality
Paul Otlet
Semantic Web
Bob Taylor
Nicola Pellow
References
1.^ Jump up to: a b "BERNERS-LEE, Sir Timothy (John)". Who's Who 2014, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2014; online edn, Oxford University Press.(subscription required)
2.Jump up ^ "info.cern.ch – Tim Berners-Lee's proposal". Info.cern.ch. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
3.Jump up ^ Tim Berners Lee's own reference. The exact date is unknown.
4.Jump up ^ Berners-Lee, Tim; Mark Fischetti (1999). Weaving the Web: The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor. Britain: Orion Business. ISBN 0-7528-2090-7.
5.Jump up ^ Berners-Lee, T. (2010). "Long Live the Web". Scientific American 303 (6): 80–85. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1210-80. PMID 21141362.
6.Jump up ^ Shadbolt, N.; Berners-Lee, T. (2008). "Web science emerges". Scientific American 299 (4): 76–81. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1008-76. PMID 18847088.
7.Jump up ^ Berners-Lee, T.; Hall, W.; Hendler, J.; Shadbolt, N.; Weitzner, D. (2006). "Computer Science: Enhanced: Creating a Science of the Web". Science 313 (5788): 769–771. doi:10.1126/science.1126902. PMID 16902115.
8.Jump up ^ "Draper Prize". Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
9.Jump up ^ "People". The Web Science Research Initiative. Archived from the original on 28 June 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
10.Jump up ^ "MIT Center for Collective Intelligence (homepage)". Cci.mit.edu. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
11.Jump up ^ "MIT Center for Collective Intelligence (people)". Cci.mit.edu. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
12.Jump up ^ "[1]"
13.^ Jump up to: a b c "Web's inventor gets a knighthood". BBC. 31 December 2003. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
14.Jump up ^ "Creator of the web turns knight". BBC. 16 July 2004. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
15.Jump up ^ "Timothy Berners-Lee Elected to National Academy of Sciences". Dr. Dobb's Journal. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
16.Jump up ^ "72 New Members Chosen By Academy" (Press release). United States National Academy of Sciences. 28 April 2009. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
17.^ Jump up to: a b Friar, Karen (28 July 2012). "Sir Tim Berners-Lee stars in Olympics opening ceremony". ZDNet. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
18.^ Jump up to: a b Berners-Lee, Tim (27 July 2012). "This is for everyone". Twitter. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
19.^ Jump up to: a b c d "Berners-Lee Longer Biography". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 18 January 2011.
20.Jump up ^ "Lunch with the FT: Tim Berners-Lee". Financial Times.
21.Jump up ^ "Berners-Lee's original proposal to CERN". World Wide Web Consortium. March 1989. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
22.^ Jump up to: a b Stewart, Bill. "Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Cailliau, and the World Wide Web". Retrieved 22 July 2010.
23.^ Jump up to: a b Tim Berners-Lee. "Frequently asked questions". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 22 July 2010.
24.Jump up ^ Grossman, Wendy (15 July 1996). "All you never knew about the Net ...". The Independent.
25.Jump up ^ Tim Berners-Lee. "Answers for Young People". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
26.Jump up ^ "Biography and Video Interview of Timothy Berners-Lee at Academy of Achievement". Achievement.org. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
27.Jump up ^ "Ten Years Public Domain for the Original Web Software". CERN. Retrieved 21 July 2010.
28.Jump up ^ Roads and Crossroads of Internet History Chapter 4: Birth of the Web
29.Jump up ^ "Tim Berners-Lee. Confirming The Exact Location Where the Web Was Invented".
30.Jump up ^ -CERN[citation needed]
31.Jump up ^ "Welcome to info.cern.ch, the website of the world's first-ever web server". CERN. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
32.Jump up ^ "World Wide Web—Archive of world's first website". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
33.Jump up ^ "World Wide Web—First mentioned on USENET". Google. 6 August 1991. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
34.Jump up ^ "The original post to alt.hypertalk describing the WorldWideWeb Project". Google Groups. Google. 9 August 1991. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
35.Jump up ^ "Patent Policy—5 February 2004". World Wide Web Consortium. 5 February 2004. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
36.Jump up ^ John W. Klooster (2009) Icons of invention: the makers of the modern world from Gutenberg to Gates p.611. ABC-CLIO, 2009
37.Jump up ^ Berners-Lee, T.; Hendler, J.; Lassila, O. (2001). "The Semantic Web". Scientific American 2841 (5): 34. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0501-34.
38.Jump up ^ "Tim Berners-Lee, World Wide Web inventor, to join ECS". World Wide Web Consortium. 2 December 2004. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
39.Jump up ^ "Berners-Lee 'sorry' for slashes". BBC. 14 October 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2009.
40.Jump up ^ "Tim Berners-Lee". World Wide Web Consortium. 10 June 2009. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
41.Jump up ^ "Ordnance Survey offers free data access". BBC News. 1 April 2010. Retrieved 3 April 2009.
42.Jump up ^ FAQ—World Wide Web Foundation Retrieved 18 January 2011
43.Jump up ^ Ghosh, Pallab (15 September 2008). "Web creator rejects net tracking". BBC. Retrieved 15 September 2008. "Warning sounded on web's future."
44.Jump up ^ Cellan-Jones, Rory (March 2008). "Web creator rejects net tracking". BBC. Retrieved 25 May 2008. "Sir Tim rejects net tracking like Phorm."
45.Jump up ^ Adams, Stephen (March 2008). "Web inventor's warning on spy software". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 25 May 2008. "Sir Tim rejects net tracking like Phorm."
46.Jump up ^ Berners, Tim (4 May 2011). "Tim Berners-Lee, Long Live the Web: A Call for Continued Open Standards and Neutrality, Scientific American Magazine, December 2010". Scientific American. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
47.Jump up ^ "State.com/about/people". Retrieved 9 September 2013.
48.Jump up ^ Computing, Government (23 May 2012). "Government commits £10m to Open Data Institute". The Guardian.
49.Jump up ^ Samuel Gibbs (7 October 2013). "Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Google lead coalition for cheaper internet". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
50.Jump up ^ "Creator of the web turns knight". BBC. 16 July 2004. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
51.Jump up ^ "Web inventor gets Queen's honour". BBC. 13 June 2007. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
52.Jump up ^ "[2]"
53.Jump up ^ "[3]"
54.Jump up ^ """
55.Jump up ^ "Faces of the week". Archived from the original on 26 September 2003.
56.^ Jump up to: a b Bernees-Lee, Tim. 1998. The World Wide Web and the "Web of Life".
57.Jump up ^ Stephanie Sammartino McPherson. 2009. "Tim Berners-Lee: Inventor of the World Wide Web. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 83: "A Church Like The Web"
58.Jump up ^ Eden, Richard. 2011. Internet pioneer Sir Tim Berners-Lee casts a web of intrigue with his love life. The Telegraph
Further reading
Tim Berners-Lee and the Development of the World Wide Web (Unlocking the Secrets of Science), Ann Gaines (Mitchell Lane Publishers, 2001) ISBN 1-58415-096-3
Tim Berners-Lee: Inventor of the World Wide Web (Ferguson's Career Biographies), Melissa Stewart (Ferguson Publishing Company, 2001) ISBN 0-89434-367-X children's biography
How the Web was Born: The Story of the World Wide Web Robert Cailliau, James Gillies, R. Cailliau (Oxford University Press, 2000) ISBN 0-19-286207-3
Tim Berners-Lee Gives the Web a New Definition
BBC2 Newsnight – Transcript of video interview of Berners-Lee on the read/write Web
Technology Review interview
External links
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tim Berners-Lee.
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee on Twitter
timbl on identi.ca
Tim Berners-Lee at TED
Tim Berners-Lee at the Internet Movie Database
Tim Berners-Lee at the Notable Names Database
Works by or about Tim Berners-Lee in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
Tim Berners-Lee on the W3C site
First World Wide Web page
Interview with Tim Berners Lee
Tim Berners-Lee: The next Web of open, linked data - presentation on why he invented the internet (2009), Ted Talks.
Preceded by
First recipient Millennium Technology Prize winner
 2004 (for the World Wide Web) Succeeded by
Shuji Nakamura


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Tim Berners-Lee

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Sir Tim Berners-Lee
OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA, DFBCS
Sir Tim Berners-Lee.jpg
Berners-Lee in 2014.

Born
Timothy John Berners-Lee
 8 June 1955 (age 59)
London, England
Occupation
Computer scientist
Employer
World Wide Web Consortium
University of Southampton
Plessey
MIT

Title
Professor
Spouse(s)
Rosemary Leith
Parent(s)
Conway Berners-Lee
Mary Lee Woods
Awards
See full list of honours
Website
www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee
Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee, OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA, DFBCS (born 8 June 1955),[1] also known as TimBL, is an English computer scientist, best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web. He made a proposal for an information management system in March 1989,[2] and he implemented the first successful communication between a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server via the Internet sometime around mid-November of that same year.[3][4][5][6][7]
Berners-Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which oversees the Web's continued development. He is also the founder of the World Wide Web Foundation, and is a senior researcher and holder of the Founders Chair at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL).[8] He is a director of the Web Science Research Initiative (WSRI),[9] and a member of the advisory board of the MIT Center for Collective Intelligence.[10][11] In 2011 he was named as a member the Board of Trustees of the Ford Foundation.[12]
In 2004, Berners-Lee was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his pioneering work.[13][14] In April 2009, he was elected a foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences.[15][16] He was honoured as the "Inventor of the World Wide Web" during the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, in which he appeared in person, working with a vintage NeXT Computer at the London Olympic Stadium.[17] He tweeted "This is for everyone",[18] which instantly was spelled out in LCD lights attached to the chairs of the 80,000 people in the audience.[17]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Current work
4 Awards and honours
5 Personal life
6 Religious views
7 See also
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links

Early life
Berners-Lee was born in London, England, United Kingdom (UK),[19] one of four children born to Mary Lee Woods and Conway Berners-Lee. His parents worked on the first commercially-built computer, the Ferranti Mark 1. He attended Sheen Mount Primary School, and then went on to attend south west London's independent Emanuel School from 1969 to 1973.[1][13] A keen trainspotter as a child, he learnt about electronics from tinkering with a model railway.[20] He studied at The Queen's College of the University of Oxford from 1973 to 1976, where he received a first-class degree in physics.[19]
Career



 Berners-Lee, 2005
After graduation, Berners-Lee worked as an engineer at the telecommunications company Plessey in Poole, UK.[19] In 1978, he joined D. G. Nash in Ferndown, Dorset, where he helped create type-setting software for printers.[19]
Berners-Lee worked as an independent contractor at CERN from June to December 1980. While there, he proposed a project based on the concept of hypertext, to facilitate sharing and updating information among researchers.[21] To demonstrate, he built a prototype system named ENQUIRE.[22]
After leaving CERN in late 1980, he went to work at John Poole's Image Computer Systems, Ltd, in Bournemouth, England.[23] He ran the company's technical side for three years.[24] The project he worked on was a "real-time remote procedure call" which gave him experience in computer networking.[23] In 1984, he returned to CERN as a fellow.[22]
In 1989, CERN was the largest Internet node in Europe, and Berners-Lee saw an opportunity to join hypertext with the Internet:

"I just had to take the hypertext idea and connect it to the Transmission Control Protocol and domain name system ideas and—ta-da!—the World Wide Web[25] ... Creating the web was really an act of desperation, because the situation without it was very difficult when I was working at CERN later. Most of the technology involved in the web, like the hypertext, like the Internet, multifont text objects, had all been designed already. I just had to put them together. It was a step of generalising, going to a higher level of abstraction, thinking about all the documentation systems out there as being possibly part of a larger imaginary documentation system."[26]
Berners-Lee wrote his proposal in March 1989 and, in 1990, redistributed it. It was then accepted by his manager, Mike Sendall.[27] He used similar ideas to those underlying the ENQUIRE system to create the World Wide Web, for which he designed and built the first Web browser. His software also functioned as an editor (called WorldWideWeb, running on the NeXTSTEP operating system), and the first Web server, CERN HTTPd (short for Hypertext Transfer Protocol daemon).

"Mike Sendall buys a NeXT cube for evaluation, and gives it to Tim [Berners-Lee]. Tim's prototype implementation on NeXTStep is made in the space of a few months, thanks to the qualities of the NeXTStep software development system. This prototype offers WYSIWYG browsing/authoring! Current Web browsers used in "surfing the Internet" are mere passive windows, depriving the user of the possibility to contribute. During some sessions in the CERN cafeteria, Tim and I try to find a catching name for the system. I was determined that the name should not yet again be taken from Greek mythology. Tim proposes "World-Wide Web". I like this very much, except that it is difficult to pronounce in French..." by Robert Cailliau, 2 November 1995.[28]



 Berners-Lee using his PowerBook in 2003
The first website built was at CERN within the border of France,[29] and was first put online on 6 August 1991:

Info.cern.ch was the address of the world's first-ever web site and web server, running on a NeXT computer at CERN. The first web page address was http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html, which centred on information regarding the WWW project. Visitors could learn more about hypertext, technical details for creating their own webpage, and even an explanation on how to search the Web for information. There are no screenshots of this original page and, in any case, changes were made daily to the information available on the page as the WWW project developed. You may find a later copy (1992) on the World Wide Web Consortium website.[30]
It provided an explanation of what the World Wide Web was, and how one could use a browser and set up a web server.[31][32][33][34]
In 1994, Berners-Lee founded the W3C at MIT, which is located in Massachusetts, United States (US). It comprised various companies that were willing to create standards and recommendations to improve the quality of the Web. Berners-Lee made his idea available freely, with no patent and no royalties due. The World Wide Web Consortium decided that its standards should be based on royalty-free technology, so that they could easily be adopted by anyone.[35]
In 2001, Berners-Lee became a patron of the East Dorset Heritage Trust, having previously lived in Colehill in Wimborne, East Dorset, England.[36]
In December 2004, he accepted a chair in Computer Science at the School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, England, to work on the Semantic Web.[37][38]
In a Times article in October 2009, Berners-Lee admitted that the initial pair of slashes ("//") in a web address were actually "unnecessary". He told the newspaper that he could easily have designed web addresses not to have the slashes. "There you go, it seemed like a good idea at the time," he said in his lighthearted apology.[39]
Current work



 Tim Berners-Lee at the Home Office, London, on 11 March 2010
In June 2009 then British Prime Minister Gordon Brown announced Berners-Lee would work with the UK Government to help make data more open and accessible on the Web, building on the work of the Power of Information Task Force.[40] Berners-Lee and Professor Nigel Shadbolt are the two key figures behind data.gov.uk, a UK Government project to open up almost all data acquired for official purposes for free re-use. Commenting on the opening up of Ordnance Survey data in April 2010 Berners-Lee said that: "The changes signal a wider cultural change in Government based on an assumption that information should be in the public domain unless there is a good reason not to—not the other way around." He went on to say "Greater openness, accountability and transparency in Government will give people greater choice and make it easier for individuals to get more directly involved in issues that matter to them."[41]
In November 2009, Berners-Lee launched the World Wide Web Foundation in order to "Advance the Web to empower humanity by launching transformative programs that build local capacity to leverage the Web as a medium for positive change."[42]
Berners-Lee is one of the pioneer voices in favour of Net Neutrality,[43] and has expressed the view that ISPs should supply "connectivity with no strings attached," and should neither control nor monitor customers' browsing activities without their expressed consent.[44][45] He advocates the idea that net neutrality is a kind of human network right: "Threats to the Internet, such as companies or governments that interfere with or snoop on Internet traffic, compromise basic human network rights."[46]
Berners-Lee joined the board of advisors of start-up State.com, based in London.[47]
As of May 2012, Berners-Lee is President of the Open Data Institute.[48]



 Berners-Lee's tweet, "This is for everyone",[18] at the 2012 Summer Olympic Games in London
The Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI) was launched in October 2013 and Berners-Lee is leading the coalition of public and private organisations that includes Google, Facebook, Intel and Microsoft. The A4AI seeks to make Internet access more affordable so that access is broadened in the developing world, where only 31% of people are online. Berners-Lee will help to decrease internet access prices so that they fall below the UN Broadband Commission's worldwide target of 5% of monthly income.[49]
Awards and honours



 This NeXT Computer was used by Berners-Lee at CERN and became the world's first web server
Main article: Awards and honours presented to Tim Berners-Lee
Berners-Lee has received many awards and honours.
He received a knighthood in 2004 when he was promoted to Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the New Year Honours "for services to the global development of the Internet", and was formally invested on 16 July 2004.[13][50] On 13 June 2007, he received the Order of Merit, becoming one of only 24 living members entitled to hold the honour, and to use the post-nominals 'O.M.' after their name.[51] (The Order of Merit is within the personal bestowal of The Queen, and does not require recommendation by ministers or the Prime Minister)
Personal life
In 2013 Berners-Lee and Rosemary Leith were married at St James's Palace in London.[52] Berners-Lee was previously married to Nancy Carlson in 1990 and the marriage ended in divorce. Rosemary Leith is Director of the World Wide Web Foundation and Fellow at Harvard University's Berkman Center. She was previously World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council Chair of the Future of Internet Security [53] and is on the board of YouGov.[54]
Religious views
Berners-Lee was raised as an Anglican, but in his youth, he turned away from religion, and in his adulthood he became a Unitarian Universalist (UU).[55] He has stated: "Like many people, I had a religious upbringing which I rejected as a teenager... Like many people, I came back to religion when we had children".[56] He and his wife wanted to teach spirituality to his children, and after hearing a Unitarian minister and visiting the UU Church, they opted for it.[57] He is an active member of that Church,[58] to which he adheres because he perceives it as a tolerant and liberal belief. He has also recognized the value of other faiths, stating: "I believe that much of the philosophy of life associated with many religions is much more sound than the dogma which comes along with it. So I do respect them."[56]
See also
Robert Cailliau
Vannevar Bush
Douglas Engelbart
Ted Nelson
Ian Ritchie (entrepreneur)
Eelco van Asperen
History of the World Wide Web
Kevin Hughes (Internet pioneer)
libwww
Mundaneum
Network neutrality
Paul Otlet
Semantic Web
Bob Taylor
Nicola Pellow
References
1.^ Jump up to: a b "BERNERS-LEE, Sir Timothy (John)". Who's Who 2014, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2014; online edn, Oxford University Press.(subscription required)
2.Jump up ^ "info.cern.ch – Tim Berners-Lee's proposal". Info.cern.ch. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
3.Jump up ^ Tim Berners Lee's own reference. The exact date is unknown.
4.Jump up ^ Berners-Lee, Tim; Mark Fischetti (1999). Weaving the Web: The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor. Britain: Orion Business. ISBN 0-7528-2090-7.
5.Jump up ^ Berners-Lee, T. (2010). "Long Live the Web". Scientific American 303 (6): 80–85. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1210-80. PMID 21141362.
6.Jump up ^ Shadbolt, N.; Berners-Lee, T. (2008). "Web science emerges". Scientific American 299 (4): 76–81. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1008-76. PMID 18847088.
7.Jump up ^ Berners-Lee, T.; Hall, W.; Hendler, J.; Shadbolt, N.; Weitzner, D. (2006). "Computer Science: Enhanced: Creating a Science of the Web". Science 313 (5788): 769–771. doi:10.1126/science.1126902. PMID 16902115.
8.Jump up ^ "Draper Prize". Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
9.Jump up ^ "People". The Web Science Research Initiative. Archived from the original on 28 June 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
10.Jump up ^ "MIT Center for Collective Intelligence (homepage)". Cci.mit.edu. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
11.Jump up ^ "MIT Center for Collective Intelligence (people)". Cci.mit.edu. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
12.Jump up ^ "[1]"
13.^ Jump up to: a b c "Web's inventor gets a knighthood". BBC. 31 December 2003. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
14.Jump up ^ "Creator of the web turns knight". BBC. 16 July 2004. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
15.Jump up ^ "Timothy Berners-Lee Elected to National Academy of Sciences". Dr. Dobb's Journal. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
16.Jump up ^ "72 New Members Chosen By Academy" (Press release). United States National Academy of Sciences. 28 April 2009. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
17.^ Jump up to: a b Friar, Karen (28 July 2012). "Sir Tim Berners-Lee stars in Olympics opening ceremony". ZDNet. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
18.^ Jump up to: a b Berners-Lee, Tim (27 July 2012). "This is for everyone". Twitter. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
19.^ Jump up to: a b c d "Berners-Lee Longer Biography". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 18 January 2011.
20.Jump up ^ "Lunch with the FT: Tim Berners-Lee". Financial Times.
21.Jump up ^ "Berners-Lee's original proposal to CERN". World Wide Web Consortium. March 1989. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
22.^ Jump up to: a b Stewart, Bill. "Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Cailliau, and the World Wide Web". Retrieved 22 July 2010.
23.^ Jump up to: a b Tim Berners-Lee. "Frequently asked questions". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 22 July 2010.
24.Jump up ^ Grossman, Wendy (15 July 1996). "All you never knew about the Net ...". The Independent.
25.Jump up ^ Tim Berners-Lee. "Answers for Young People". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
26.Jump up ^ "Biography and Video Interview of Timothy Berners-Lee at Academy of Achievement". Achievement.org. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
27.Jump up ^ "Ten Years Public Domain for the Original Web Software". CERN. Retrieved 21 July 2010.
28.Jump up ^ Roads and Crossroads of Internet History Chapter 4: Birth of the Web
29.Jump up ^ "Tim Berners-Lee. Confirming The Exact Location Where the Web Was Invented".
30.Jump up ^ -CERN[citation needed]
31.Jump up ^ "Welcome to info.cern.ch, the website of the world's first-ever web server". CERN. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
32.Jump up ^ "World Wide Web—Archive of world's first website". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
33.Jump up ^ "World Wide Web—First mentioned on USENET". Google. 6 August 1991. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
34.Jump up ^ "The original post to alt.hypertalk describing the WorldWideWeb Project". Google Groups. Google. 9 August 1991. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
35.Jump up ^ "Patent Policy—5 February 2004". World Wide Web Consortium. 5 February 2004. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
36.Jump up ^ John W. Klooster (2009) Icons of invention: the makers of the modern world from Gutenberg to Gates p.611. ABC-CLIO, 2009
37.Jump up ^ Berners-Lee, T.; Hendler, J.; Lassila, O. (2001). "The Semantic Web". Scientific American 2841 (5): 34. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0501-34.
38.Jump up ^ "Tim Berners-Lee, World Wide Web inventor, to join ECS". World Wide Web Consortium. 2 December 2004. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
39.Jump up ^ "Berners-Lee 'sorry' for slashes". BBC. 14 October 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2009.
40.Jump up ^ "Tim Berners-Lee". World Wide Web Consortium. 10 June 2009. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
41.Jump up ^ "Ordnance Survey offers free data access". BBC News. 1 April 2010. Retrieved 3 April 2009.
42.Jump up ^ FAQ—World Wide Web Foundation Retrieved 18 January 2011
43.Jump up ^ Ghosh, Pallab (15 September 2008). "Web creator rejects net tracking". BBC. Retrieved 15 September 2008. "Warning sounded on web's future."
44.Jump up ^ Cellan-Jones, Rory (March 2008). "Web creator rejects net tracking". BBC. Retrieved 25 May 2008. "Sir Tim rejects net tracking like Phorm."
45.Jump up ^ Adams, Stephen (March 2008). "Web inventor's warning on spy software". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 25 May 2008. "Sir Tim rejects net tracking like Phorm."
46.Jump up ^ Berners, Tim (4 May 2011). "Tim Berners-Lee, Long Live the Web: A Call for Continued Open Standards and Neutrality, Scientific American Magazine, December 2010". Scientific American. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
47.Jump up ^ "State.com/about/people". Retrieved 9 September 2013.
48.Jump up ^ Computing, Government (23 May 2012). "Government commits £10m to Open Data Institute". The Guardian.
49.Jump up ^ Samuel Gibbs (7 October 2013). "Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Google lead coalition for cheaper internet". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
50.Jump up ^ "Creator of the web turns knight". BBC. 16 July 2004. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
51.Jump up ^ "Web inventor gets Queen's honour". BBC. 13 June 2007. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
52.Jump up ^ "[2]"
53.Jump up ^ "[3]"
54.Jump up ^ """
55.Jump up ^ "Faces of the week". Archived from the original on 26 September 2003.
56.^ Jump up to: a b Bernees-Lee, Tim. 1998. The World Wide Web and the "Web of Life".
57.Jump up ^ Stephanie Sammartino McPherson. 2009. "Tim Berners-Lee: Inventor of the World Wide Web. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 83: "A Church Like The Web"
58.Jump up ^ Eden, Richard. 2011. Internet pioneer Sir Tim Berners-Lee casts a web of intrigue with his love life. The Telegraph
Further reading
Tim Berners-Lee and the Development of the World Wide Web (Unlocking the Secrets of Science), Ann Gaines (Mitchell Lane Publishers, 2001) ISBN 1-58415-096-3
Tim Berners-Lee: Inventor of the World Wide Web (Ferguson's Career Biographies), Melissa Stewart (Ferguson Publishing Company, 2001) ISBN 0-89434-367-X children's biography
How the Web was Born: The Story of the World Wide Web Robert Cailliau, James Gillies, R. Cailliau (Oxford University Press, 2000) ISBN 0-19-286207-3
Tim Berners-Lee Gives the Web a New Definition
BBC2 Newsnight – Transcript of video interview of Berners-Lee on the read/write Web
Technology Review interview
External links
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tim Berners-Lee.
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee on Twitter
timbl on identi.ca
Tim Berners-Lee at TED
Tim Berners-Lee at the Internet Movie Database
Tim Berners-Lee at the Notable Names Database
Works by or about Tim Berners-Lee in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
Tim Berners-Lee on the W3C site
First World Wide Web page
Interview with Tim Berners Lee
Tim Berners-Lee: The next Web of open, linked data - presentation on why he invented the internet (2009), Ted Talks.
Preceded by
First recipient Millennium Technology Prize winner
 2004 (for the World Wide Web) Succeeded by
Shuji Nakamura


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Ralph Wendell Burhoe

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Ralph Wendell Burhoe (May 21[1] or June 21, 1911–May 8, 1997) was an important twentieth century pioneer interpreter of the importance of religion for a scientific and technological world. He was awarded the Templeton Prize in 1980.


Contents  [hide]
1 Biography
2 Contributions
3 Awards and honors
4 Works
5 References
6 See also
7 External links

Biography[edit]
Ralph Wendell Burhoe was born on 21 June 1911, in Somerville, Massachusetts. He attended Harvard University from 1928 to 1932 as a student of meteorology and climatology, though never completing his degree. He then entered Andover Newton Theological School.[2] Burhoe spent eighteen months in theological study at Andover. Instead of becoming a minister as he had planned, he returned to Harvard University as an employee of the Blue Hill Meteorological Observatory, finding some success as a scientist. He went on to become the first full-time executive director of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences starting in 1947.[2] His position at the AAAS brought him into close contact with such eminent scientists as the astronomer Harlow Shapley, the geologist Kirtley Mather, and the biologist George Wald. While there, he was one of the founders of the Institute on Religion in an Age of Science.[2] In 1965, Burhoe joined the faculty at the Meadville Lombard Theological School, the Unitarian Universalist seminary in Hyde Park, Chicago. There he facilitated the founding of Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science and the Center for Advanced Study in Religion and Science (CASIRAS). After retiring from Meadville in 1974 he was affiliated with the Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago, where in 1988 he founded the Chicago Center for Religion and Science.[3] His ashes are interred in the crypt at First Unitarian Church of Chicago where he was a member.
Contributions[edit]
Ralph Wendell Burhoe pursued a passionate investigation into the differences and similarities of theology and science, becoming one of the world's most informed voices in communicating this evolving research. He played a major role in the interdisciplinary pursuit of issues at the boundary of science and religion by offering a common ground for dialogue. According to Hans Schwarz, the journal Zygon has "achieved a circulation far beyond the confines of theological journals." [2]
Awards and honors[edit]
In 1980 he was the first American to win the Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion.
Honorary doctorates from Meadville Lombard Theological School (1977) and Rollins College (1979).
The Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, of which he was a founder, bestowed on him its first Distinguished Career Achievement Award in 1984.
Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the World Academy of Arts and Letters.[3]
Works[edit]
Science and Human Values in the 21st Century, Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1971.
Review: Spencer Lavan, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume 40, Issue 3, (Sep., 1972), page 410
Review: David O. Moberg, Review of Religious Research, Vol. 14, No. 2, (Winter, 1973), pages 134-134
Toward a Scientific Theology, Christian Journals Ltd., 1981, ISBN 9780904302707
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Social Security Death Index[1]
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d Theology in a Global Context: The Last Two Hundred Years, Hans Schwarz, Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2005, ISBN 0-8028-2986-4, ISBN 978-0-8028-2986-3, 597 pages, p.561-562
3.^ Jump up to: a b Remembering Ralph Burhoe
See also[edit]
David Breed, Yoking Science and Religion: The Life and Thought of Ralph Wendell Burhoe, Chicago: Zygon Books, 1992, ISBN 9780961823313
List of science and religion scholars
External links[edit]
Templeton Prize - Previous Prize Winners
Philip Hefner, History of Zygon Center for Religion and Science
CASIRAS and Its Partners by Karl Peters


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Templeton Prize laureates


Mother Teresa (1973) ·
 Brother Roger (1974) ·
 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1975) ·
 Leo Josef Suenens (1976) ·
 Chiara Lubich (1977) ·
 Thomas F. Torrance (1978) ·
 Nikkyō Niwano (1979) ·
 Ralph Wendell Burhoe (1980) ·
 Cicely Saunders (1981) ·
 Billy Graham (1982) ·
 Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1983) ·
 Michael Bourdeaux (1984) ·
 Alister Hardy (1985) ·
 James I. McCord (1986) ·
 Stanley Jaki (1987) ·
 Inamullah Khan (1988) ·
 Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker & George MacLeod (1989) ·
 Baba Amte & Charles Birch (1990) ·
 Immanuel Jakobovits (1991) ·
 Kyung-Chik Han (1992) ·
 Charles Colson (1993) ·
 Michael Novak (1994) ·
 Paul Davies (1995) ·
 Bill Bright (1996) ·
 Pandurang Shastri Athavale (1997) ·
 Sigmund Sternberg (1998) ·
 Ian Barbour (1999) ·
 Freeman Dyson (2000) ·
 Arthur Peacocke (2001) ·
 John Polkinghorne (2002) ·
 Holmes Rolston III (2003) ·
 George F. R. Ellis (2004) ·
 Charles H. Townes (2005) ·
 John D. Barrow (2006) ·
 Charles Taylor (2007) ·
 Michał Heller (2008) ·
 Bernard d'Espagnat (2009) ·
 Francisco J. Ayala (2010) ·
 Martin Rees (2011) ·
 14th Dalai Lama (2012) ·
 Desmond Tutu (2013) ·
 Tomáš Halík (2014) ·
 Jean Vanier (2015)
 



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Ralph Wendell Burhoe

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Ralph Wendell Burhoe (May 21[1] or June 21, 1911–May 8, 1997) was an important twentieth century pioneer interpreter of the importance of religion for a scientific and technological world. He was awarded the Templeton Prize in 1980.


Contents  [hide]
1 Biography
2 Contributions
3 Awards and honors
4 Works
5 References
6 See also
7 External links

Biography[edit]
Ralph Wendell Burhoe was born on 21 June 1911, in Somerville, Massachusetts. He attended Harvard University from 1928 to 1932 as a student of meteorology and climatology, though never completing his degree. He then entered Andover Newton Theological School.[2] Burhoe spent eighteen months in theological study at Andover. Instead of becoming a minister as he had planned, he returned to Harvard University as an employee of the Blue Hill Meteorological Observatory, finding some success as a scientist. He went on to become the first full-time executive director of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences starting in 1947.[2] His position at the AAAS brought him into close contact with such eminent scientists as the astronomer Harlow Shapley, the geologist Kirtley Mather, and the biologist George Wald. While there, he was one of the founders of the Institute on Religion in an Age of Science.[2] In 1965, Burhoe joined the faculty at the Meadville Lombard Theological School, the Unitarian Universalist seminary in Hyde Park, Chicago. There he facilitated the founding of Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science and the Center for Advanced Study in Religion and Science (CASIRAS). After retiring from Meadville in 1974 he was affiliated with the Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago, where in 1988 he founded the Chicago Center for Religion and Science.[3] His ashes are interred in the crypt at First Unitarian Church of Chicago where he was a member.
Contributions[edit]
Ralph Wendell Burhoe pursued a passionate investigation into the differences and similarities of theology and science, becoming one of the world's most informed voices in communicating this evolving research. He played a major role in the interdisciplinary pursuit of issues at the boundary of science and religion by offering a common ground for dialogue. According to Hans Schwarz, the journal Zygon has "achieved a circulation far beyond the confines of theological journals." [2]
Awards and honors[edit]
In 1980 he was the first American to win the Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion.
Honorary doctorates from Meadville Lombard Theological School (1977) and Rollins College (1979).
The Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, of which he was a founder, bestowed on him its first Distinguished Career Achievement Award in 1984.
Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the World Academy of Arts and Letters.[3]
Works[edit]
Science and Human Values in the 21st Century, Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1971.
Review: Spencer Lavan, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Volume 40, Issue 3, (Sep., 1972), page 410
Review: David O. Moberg, Review of Religious Research, Vol. 14, No. 2, (Winter, 1973), pages 134-134
Toward a Scientific Theology, Christian Journals Ltd., 1981, ISBN 9780904302707
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Social Security Death Index[1]
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d Theology in a Global Context: The Last Two Hundred Years, Hans Schwarz, Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2005, ISBN 0-8028-2986-4, ISBN 978-0-8028-2986-3, 597 pages, p.561-562
3.^ Jump up to: a b Remembering Ralph Burhoe
See also[edit]
David Breed, Yoking Science and Religion: The Life and Thought of Ralph Wendell Burhoe, Chicago: Zygon Books, 1992, ISBN 9780961823313
List of science and religion scholars
External links[edit]
Templeton Prize - Previous Prize Winners
Philip Hefner, History of Zygon Center for Religion and Science
CASIRAS and Its Partners by Karl Peters


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Templeton Prize laureates


Mother Teresa (1973) ·
 Brother Roger (1974) ·
 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1975) ·
 Leo Josef Suenens (1976) ·
 Chiara Lubich (1977) ·
 Thomas F. Torrance (1978) ·
 Nikkyō Niwano (1979) ·
 Ralph Wendell Burhoe (1980) ·
 Cicely Saunders (1981) ·
 Billy Graham (1982) ·
 Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1983) ·
 Michael Bourdeaux (1984) ·
 Alister Hardy (1985) ·
 James I. McCord (1986) ·
 Stanley Jaki (1987) ·
 Inamullah Khan (1988) ·
 Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker & George MacLeod (1989) ·
 Baba Amte & Charles Birch (1990) ·
 Immanuel Jakobovits (1991) ·
 Kyung-Chik Han (1992) ·
 Charles Colson (1993) ·
 Michael Novak (1994) ·
 Paul Davies (1995) ·
 Bill Bright (1996) ·
 Pandurang Shastri Athavale (1997) ·
 Sigmund Sternberg (1998) ·
 Ian Barbour (1999) ·
 Freeman Dyson (2000) ·
 Arthur Peacocke (2001) ·
 John Polkinghorne (2002) ·
 Holmes Rolston III (2003) ·
 George F. R. Ellis (2004) ·
 Charles H. Townes (2005) ·
 John D. Barrow (2006) ·
 Charles Taylor (2007) ·
 Michał Heller (2008) ·
 Bernard d'Espagnat (2009) ·
 Francisco J. Ayala (2010) ·
 Martin Rees (2011) ·
 14th Dalai Lama (2012) ·
 Desmond Tutu (2013) ·
 Tomáš Halík (2014) ·
 Jean Vanier (2015)
 



Authority control
VIAF: 22946585 ·
 ISNI: 0000 0000 5629 1936
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1911 births
1997 deaths
Harvard University alumni
Templeton Prize laureates
Unitarian Universalists





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This page was last modified on 11 May 2015, at 21:35.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Wendell_Burhoe









B. O. Flower

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the American magazine editor. For the English radical journalist, see Benjamin Flower.

Benjamin Orange Flower
Flower-Benjamin-Orange.jpg
Born
October 19, 1858
Albion, Illinois, United States
Died
December 24, 1918 (aged 60)
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Nationality
American
Alma mater
Kentucky University
Known for
Muckraking journalism, founder of The Arena
Religion
Unitarian
Benjamin Orange Flower (October 19, 1858 – December 24, 1918), known most commonly by his initials "B.O.", was an American muckraking journalist of the Progressive era. Flower is best remembered as the editor of the liberal commentary magazine The Arena, published in Boston, New York City, and Trenton, New Jersey by the Arena Publishing Co. from 1889 until 1909.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Early career
3 The Arena
4 Political philosophy
5 Christian Science
6 Later years, death, and legacy
7 Works
8 Footnotes
9 Further reading
10 External links

Early life and education[edit]
Benjamin Orange Flower was born in Albion, Illinois on October 19, 1858, the son of Alfred Flower, a Disciples of Christ minister, and his wife Elizabeth, née Orange.[1] His grandfather George Flower had emigrated from England with his friend Morris Birkbeck after speaking with Edward Coles, and with their followers founded the English settlement in the Illinois Territory. Benjamin Flower was first educated in a religious school in Albion before moving with his family to Evansville, Indiana, where he attended the public high school.[1]
Following his high school graduation, Flower wished to become a Protestant minister, like his father and an older brother before him. He thus began studies at the Disciples of Christ's School of the Bible at Transylvania University in Lexington.[1] Flower's religious and philosophical views evolved, however. He embraced Unitarianism and abandoned his religious career.[2]
Early career[edit]
After college, Flower returned to Albion where he launched a short-lived journal, the Albion American Sentinel, which was terminated in 1880.[3] He then moved to Philadelphia, where he worked for a time as a secretary for his brother, a physician who operated a successful mail-order business.[2]
In September 1886, B.O. Flower married Hattie Cloud of Evansville, Indiana.[4] Tragically, not long after their marriage his wife was stricken with mental illness which forced her permanent institutionalization.[3]
The Arena[edit]



 Cover of The Arena, issue no. 223, dated June 1908.
In 1886, Flower's brother opened a sanatorium in Boston and moved there with him.[2] At this time, Flower returned to the world of publishing, launching a new literary magazine called The American Spectator.[3] This venture proved successful, achieving a circulation of more than 10,000 copies within three years.[4] In December 1889, Flower merged this publication into a new social reform magazine he launched called The Arena.[3]
Flower was an advocate of bolstering public morality as a means of social improvement. In 1893, he proposed the establishment of a "League of Love" or "Federation of Justice" to better mobilize progressive-minded individuals for the betterment of humanity.[5] This effort led to the formation of a new organization called the Union for Practical Progress, which attempted to establish itself on a national basis through the organization of local clubs.[6] Local groups such as the Baltimore Union for Public Good received favorable coverage of their activities and publicity in The Arena.[6] This effort failed to achieve critical mass and soon failed, however.
The Arena was an eclectic magazine, its pages open to writers of a wide range of ideological perspectives, ranging from advocates of cooperatives and populists to philosophical anarchists, socialists, and devotees of Henry George and the Single Tax.[7] Uniting it all was Flower's evolutionary rather than revolutionary view of social change and his deep-seated faith in the perfectibility of mankind through enlightenment about the world and reasoned response to its problems. Flower advocated for kindergartens, libraries, and improved housing.[8] He criticized ostentatious, costly, and encumbering women's clothing, "materialistic commercialism," and the wealthy class which monopolized society's economic resources.[9]
The magazine consistently advocated for initiative and referendum, for prison reform, against capital punishment, and for the prohibition of alcohol.[2] Multiple articles were dedicated to women's suffrage, reform of divorce law, the relationship between poverty and crime, and race relations between the white and black populations of the United States.



 Flower briefly served as co-editor of the social reform magazine The New Time until its demise in 1898.
Long an advocate of free silver and currency reform, Flower came out strongly for the candidacy of William Jennings Bryan during the heated election of 1896. Flower portrayed Bryan as the defender of freedom, prosperity, and the Republic.[10] Flower urged Arena readers to support Bryan as the last best chance to stave off encroaching plutocracy in America.[11] The year 1896 marked the end of Flower's first stint at the helm of The Arena, with the magazine being transferred to the editorship of historian John Clark Ridpath and the writer Helen Hamilton Gardener.[12] Under its new editors, Flower's magazine continued to pursue the same political and ethical mission originally envisioned by its founder.[12] Flower continued to contribute articles to the journal regularly throughout the subsequent interval.
From the latter part of the 1890s and into the first decade of the 20th Century, Flower was associated with a number of radical reform magazines. He was the co-editor of former Unitarian Charles H. Kerr's Chicago magazine The New Time — a forerunner of International Socialist Review — from 1897 to 1898, working with Frederick Upham Adams.[3] He then edited the St. Louis, Missouri-based magazine The Coming Age, moving it to Boston where it merged with The Arena in 1900.[3]
The Arena was sold in 1903 to Charles A. Mongomery, a short-lived ownership situation which abruptly ended in 1904 with the magazine's sale to book publisher Albert Brandt.[2] Upon purchasing the magazine, Brandt immediately brought back Flower as Editor-in-Chief of the publication that the latter had founded fifteen years before.[3] Flower would remain in this position until the journal went bankrupt in 1909.[3]
Political philosophy[edit]
As has been noted by the historian Louis Filler, B.O. Flower was not himself a socialist.[12] Flower believed that the body of socialist ideas was thoroughly utopian and unachievable, and that revolution would result only in chaos and destruction.[12] Instead, Flower advocated for a neo-Christianity based upon the re-establishment of personal character, and the rejection of greed and inequality and its propagation by self-interested men of wealth and their political adjutants.[12] Direct democracy was seen by Flower as the path to spreading freedom and opportunity to the greatest number of Americans.[12]
Social ills were not to be dismissed or ignored, Flower believed, but rather were matters to be addressed forthrightly, with a broad range of opinions solicited in the process of bringing about their rational solution.[12] Monopolies and monied interests promoting the sale and use of alcohol were seen as impediments to the morally-based rectification of fundamental problems.[12]
Christian Science[edit]
One particularly heated topic during the first decade of the 1900s was Christian Science, a set of religiously-based medical doctrines associated with Mary Baker Eddy, which had come under attack in a lengthy series of exposés in McClure's Magazine in 1907.[13] Bucking the rationalist tide in the progressive journalism of the day, Flower spoke in defense of the Christian Science movement, charging that the Christian Scientists were the objects of a "persistent campaign of falsehood, slander and calumny."[14]
Further moved by his self-proclaimed love of "fair play and all things that make for a nobler and purer life," Flower would publish Christian Science As a Religious Belief and a Therapeutic Agent, a book defending Christian Scientist practice in 1910, though he was not himself personally an adherent of the sect.[15] Although initially a skeptic, Flower made note of anecdotal evidence of cases of illness cured through religion-based treatment, which had previously baffled the medical practitioners of the day.[16] Flower thus lent support to this growing new religious movement of the period.
Later years, death, and legacy[edit]
Following the termination of The Arena, Flower launched a new publication in Boston dedicated to social reform called Twentieth-Century Magazine.[3] This magazine proved short-lived, terminating in 1911.[3]
B.O. Flower died on December 24, 1918. He was 60 years old at the time of his death. Although Flower or his heirs destroyed many of his personal papers,[1] some (mostly articles for publication) are with his family's papers at Knox College in Illinois.[17]
Flower was posthumously recognized for his leading place among the muckraking journalists of the Progressive era. In 1932, historian C. C. Regier remembered him as a man who "somewhat naively...believed that if people would but see the evil effects of their acts they would themselves mend their ways", a philosophy which led to upbeat and optimistic editorial tone in Flower's work.[18] Flower was also recalled as one who was "sensitive to beauty in any form, loved painting, sculpture, and literature, and always kept flowers in his office."[18]
Works[edit]
Fashion's Slaves. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1892.
Civilization's Inferno; or, Studies in the Social Cellar. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1893.
Gerald Massey: Poet, Prophet, and Mystic. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1895.
Whittier: Prophet, Seer and Man. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1896.
The Century of Sir Thomas More. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1896.
Persons, Places and Ideas: Miscellaneous Essays. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1896.
How England Averted a Revolution of Force: A Survey of the Social Agitation of the First Ten Years of Queen Victoria's Reign. Trenton, NJ: Albert Brandt, 1903.
In Defense of Free Speech: Five Essays from the Arena. New York: The Free Speech League, 1908.
How England Averted a Revolution of Force: A Survey of the Social Agitation of the First Ten Years of Queen Victoria's Reign. Trenton, NJ: Albert Brandt, Publisher, 1909.
Christian Science as a Religious Belief and a Therapeutic Agent. Boston: Twentieth Century Co., 1910.
The Bubonic Plague. New York: National League for Medical Freedom, 1910.
Progressive Men, Women, and Movements of the Past Twenty-Five Years. Boston: The Arena, 1914.
Righting the People's Wrongs: A Lesson from History of Our Own Times. Cincinnati, OH: Standard Publishing Co., 1917.
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d Ralph E. Luker, "Benjamin Orange Flower," American National Biography Online, Feb. 2000.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Edd Applegate, "Benjamin Orange Flower (1858-1918)," in Muckrakers: A Biographical Dictionary of Writers and Editors. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2008; pp. 58-60.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Robert L. Gale (ed.), The Gay Nineties in America: A Cultural Dictionary of the 1890s. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992; pp. 127-128.
4.^ Jump up to: a b Richard Herndon with Edwin N. Bacon (eds.), Men of Progress: One Thousand Biographical Sketches and Portraits of Leaders in Business and Professional Life in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Boston: New England Magazine, 1896; pg. 131.
5.Jump up ^ C.C. Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1932; pp. 29-30.
6.^ Jump up to: a b Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 30.
7.Jump up ^ Roy P. Fairfield, "Benjamin Orange Flower: Father of the Muckrakers," American Literature, vol. 22, no. 3 (Nov., 1950), pg. 275.
8.Jump up ^ Fairfield, "Benjamin Orange Flower," pp. 273-274.
9.Jump up ^ Fairfield, "Benjamin Orange Flower," pg. 273.
10.Jump up ^ Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 19.
11.Jump up ^ Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 20.
12.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Louis Filler, The Muckrakers. Second Edition. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993; pg. 40.
13.Jump up ^ Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 195.
14.Jump up ^ Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pp. 195-196.
15.Jump up ^ B.O. Flower, Christian Science: As a Religious Belief and a Therapeutic Agent. Boston: Twentieth Century Company, 1910; pg. vi.
16.Jump up ^ Flower, Christian Science, pp. viii-ix.
17.Jump up ^ http://library.knox.edu/archives/MSS/MSS-Birkbeck-Flower.htm
18.^ Jump up to: a b Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 18.
Further reading[edit]
Howard F. Cline, "Benjamin Orange Flower and The Arena, 1889-1909," Journalism Quarterly, vol. 17 (June 1940), pp. 139–150, 171.
Howard F. Cline, "Flower and The Arena: Purpose and Content," Journalism Quarterly, vol. 17 (Sept. 1940), pp. 247–257.
David Dickason, "Benjamin Orange Flower: Patron of Realists," American Literature, vol. 14 (May 1942), pp. 148–156.
Roy P. Fairfield, "Benjamin Orange Flower: Father of the Muckrakers," American Literature, vol. 22, no. 3 (Nov. 1950), pp. 272–282. In JSTOR.
Louis Filler, The Muckrakers. Second Edition. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993.
Peter J. Frederick, Knights of the Golden Rule: The Intellectual as Christian Social Reformer in the 1890s. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1976.
Jean-Louis Marin-Lamellet, "What’s the Matter with Benjamin O. Flower? : Populism, Antimonopoly Politics and the “Paranoid Style” at the Turn of the Century," European Journal of American History, no. 1 (2013), pp. 2–21.
Arthur Mann, Yankee Reformers in the Urban Age: Social Reform in Boston, 1880-1900. New York: Harper, 1954.
Allen J. Matusow, "The Mind of B.O. Flower," New England Quarterly, vol. 34, no. 4 (Dec. 1961), pp. 492–509. In JSTOR.
Frank L. Stallings, Benjamin Orange Flower and "The Arena": Literature as an Agent of Social Protest and Reform. MA Thesis. University of Texas at Austin, 1961.
Roger Stoddard, "Vanity and Reform: B.O. Flower's Arena Publishing Company, Boston, 1890-1896," Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, vol. 76 (1982), pp. 275–337.
The Arena. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1889-1909. Vol. 1 | Vol. 2 | Vol. 3 | Vol. 4 | Vol. 5 | Vol. 6 | Vol. 7 | Vol. 8 | Vol. 9 | Vol. 10 | Vol. 11 | Vol. 12 | Vol. 13 | Vol. 14 | Vol. 15 | Vol. 16 | Vol. 17 | Vol. 18 | Vol. 19 | Vol. 20 | Vol. 21 | Vol. 22 | Vol. 23 | Vol. 24 | Vol. 25 | Vol. 26 | Vol. 27 | Vol. 28 | Vol. 29 | Vol. 30 | Vol. 31 | Vol. 32 | Vol. 33 | Vol. 34 | Vol. 35 | Vol. 36 | Vol. 37 | Vol. 38 | Vol. 39 | Vol. 40 | Vol. 41 |
External links[edit]
Works by Benjamin Orange Flower at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about B. O. Flower at Internet Archive



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1858 births
1918 deaths
American progressives
American male journalists
American magazine editors
People from Edwards County, Illinois
Transylvania University alumni
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Christian Science
Unitarian Universalists
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Writers from Illinois




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B. O. Flower

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Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the American magazine editor. For the English radical journalist, see Benjamin Flower.

Benjamin Orange Flower
Flower-Benjamin-Orange.jpg
Born
October 19, 1858
Albion, Illinois, United States
Died
December 24, 1918 (aged 60)
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Nationality
American
Alma mater
Kentucky University
Known for
Muckraking journalism, founder of The Arena
Religion
Unitarian
Benjamin Orange Flower (October 19, 1858 – December 24, 1918), known most commonly by his initials "B.O.", was an American muckraking journalist of the Progressive era. Flower is best remembered as the editor of the liberal commentary magazine The Arena, published in Boston, New York City, and Trenton, New Jersey by the Arena Publishing Co. from 1889 until 1909.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Early career
3 The Arena
4 Political philosophy
5 Christian Science
6 Later years, death, and legacy
7 Works
8 Footnotes
9 Further reading
10 External links

Early life and education[edit]
Benjamin Orange Flower was born in Albion, Illinois on October 19, 1858, the son of Alfred Flower, a Disciples of Christ minister, and his wife Elizabeth, née Orange.[1] His grandfather George Flower had emigrated from England with his friend Morris Birkbeck after speaking with Edward Coles, and with their followers founded the English settlement in the Illinois Territory. Benjamin Flower was first educated in a religious school in Albion before moving with his family to Evansville, Indiana, where he attended the public high school.[1]
Following his high school graduation, Flower wished to become a Protestant minister, like his father and an older brother before him. He thus began studies at the Disciples of Christ's School of the Bible at Transylvania University in Lexington.[1] Flower's religious and philosophical views evolved, however. He embraced Unitarianism and abandoned his religious career.[2]
Early career[edit]
After college, Flower returned to Albion where he launched a short-lived journal, the Albion American Sentinel, which was terminated in 1880.[3] He then moved to Philadelphia, where he worked for a time as a secretary for his brother, a physician who operated a successful mail-order business.[2]
In September 1886, B.O. Flower married Hattie Cloud of Evansville, Indiana.[4] Tragically, not long after their marriage his wife was stricken with mental illness which forced her permanent institutionalization.[3]
The Arena[edit]



 Cover of The Arena, issue no. 223, dated June 1908.
In 1886, Flower's brother opened a sanatorium in Boston and moved there with him.[2] At this time, Flower returned to the world of publishing, launching a new literary magazine called The American Spectator.[3] This venture proved successful, achieving a circulation of more than 10,000 copies within three years.[4] In December 1889, Flower merged this publication into a new social reform magazine he launched called The Arena.[3]
Flower was an advocate of bolstering public morality as a means of social improvement. In 1893, he proposed the establishment of a "League of Love" or "Federation of Justice" to better mobilize progressive-minded individuals for the betterment of humanity.[5] This effort led to the formation of a new organization called the Union for Practical Progress, which attempted to establish itself on a national basis through the organization of local clubs.[6] Local groups such as the Baltimore Union for Public Good received favorable coverage of their activities and publicity in The Arena.[6] This effort failed to achieve critical mass and soon failed, however.
The Arena was an eclectic magazine, its pages open to writers of a wide range of ideological perspectives, ranging from advocates of cooperatives and populists to philosophical anarchists, socialists, and devotees of Henry George and the Single Tax.[7] Uniting it all was Flower's evolutionary rather than revolutionary view of social change and his deep-seated faith in the perfectibility of mankind through enlightenment about the world and reasoned response to its problems. Flower advocated for kindergartens, libraries, and improved housing.[8] He criticized ostentatious, costly, and encumbering women's clothing, "materialistic commercialism," and the wealthy class which monopolized society's economic resources.[9]
The magazine consistently advocated for initiative and referendum, for prison reform, against capital punishment, and for the prohibition of alcohol.[2] Multiple articles were dedicated to women's suffrage, reform of divorce law, the relationship between poverty and crime, and race relations between the white and black populations of the United States.



 Flower briefly served as co-editor of the social reform magazine The New Time until its demise in 1898.
Long an advocate of free silver and currency reform, Flower came out strongly for the candidacy of William Jennings Bryan during the heated election of 1896. Flower portrayed Bryan as the defender of freedom, prosperity, and the Republic.[10] Flower urged Arena readers to support Bryan as the last best chance to stave off encroaching plutocracy in America.[11] The year 1896 marked the end of Flower's first stint at the helm of The Arena, with the magazine being transferred to the editorship of historian John Clark Ridpath and the writer Helen Hamilton Gardener.[12] Under its new editors, Flower's magazine continued to pursue the same political and ethical mission originally envisioned by its founder.[12] Flower continued to contribute articles to the journal regularly throughout the subsequent interval.
From the latter part of the 1890s and into the first decade of the 20th Century, Flower was associated with a number of radical reform magazines. He was the co-editor of former Unitarian Charles H. Kerr's Chicago magazine The New Time — a forerunner of International Socialist Review — from 1897 to 1898, working with Frederick Upham Adams.[3] He then edited the St. Louis, Missouri-based magazine The Coming Age, moving it to Boston where it merged with The Arena in 1900.[3]
The Arena was sold in 1903 to Charles A. Mongomery, a short-lived ownership situation which abruptly ended in 1904 with the magazine's sale to book publisher Albert Brandt.[2] Upon purchasing the magazine, Brandt immediately brought back Flower as Editor-in-Chief of the publication that the latter had founded fifteen years before.[3] Flower would remain in this position until the journal went bankrupt in 1909.[3]
Political philosophy[edit]
As has been noted by the historian Louis Filler, B.O. Flower was not himself a socialist.[12] Flower believed that the body of socialist ideas was thoroughly utopian and unachievable, and that revolution would result only in chaos and destruction.[12] Instead, Flower advocated for a neo-Christianity based upon the re-establishment of personal character, and the rejection of greed and inequality and its propagation by self-interested men of wealth and their political adjutants.[12] Direct democracy was seen by Flower as the path to spreading freedom and opportunity to the greatest number of Americans.[12]
Social ills were not to be dismissed or ignored, Flower believed, but rather were matters to be addressed forthrightly, with a broad range of opinions solicited in the process of bringing about their rational solution.[12] Monopolies and monied interests promoting the sale and use of alcohol were seen as impediments to the morally-based rectification of fundamental problems.[12]
Christian Science[edit]
One particularly heated topic during the first decade of the 1900s was Christian Science, a set of religiously-based medical doctrines associated with Mary Baker Eddy, which had come under attack in a lengthy series of exposés in McClure's Magazine in 1907.[13] Bucking the rationalist tide in the progressive journalism of the day, Flower spoke in defense of the Christian Science movement, charging that the Christian Scientists were the objects of a "persistent campaign of falsehood, slander and calumny."[14]
Further moved by his self-proclaimed love of "fair play and all things that make for a nobler and purer life," Flower would publish Christian Science As a Religious Belief and a Therapeutic Agent, a book defending Christian Scientist practice in 1910, though he was not himself personally an adherent of the sect.[15] Although initially a skeptic, Flower made note of anecdotal evidence of cases of illness cured through religion-based treatment, which had previously baffled the medical practitioners of the day.[16] Flower thus lent support to this growing new religious movement of the period.
Later years, death, and legacy[edit]
Following the termination of The Arena, Flower launched a new publication in Boston dedicated to social reform called Twentieth-Century Magazine.[3] This magazine proved short-lived, terminating in 1911.[3]
B.O. Flower died on December 24, 1918. He was 60 years old at the time of his death. Although Flower or his heirs destroyed many of his personal papers,[1] some (mostly articles for publication) are with his family's papers at Knox College in Illinois.[17]
Flower was posthumously recognized for his leading place among the muckraking journalists of the Progressive era. In 1932, historian C. C. Regier remembered him as a man who "somewhat naively...believed that if people would but see the evil effects of their acts they would themselves mend their ways", a philosophy which led to upbeat and optimistic editorial tone in Flower's work.[18] Flower was also recalled as one who was "sensitive to beauty in any form, loved painting, sculpture, and literature, and always kept flowers in his office."[18]
Works[edit]
Fashion's Slaves. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1892.
Civilization's Inferno; or, Studies in the Social Cellar. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1893.
Gerald Massey: Poet, Prophet, and Mystic. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1895.
Whittier: Prophet, Seer and Man. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1896.
The Century of Sir Thomas More. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1896.
Persons, Places and Ideas: Miscellaneous Essays. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1896.
How England Averted a Revolution of Force: A Survey of the Social Agitation of the First Ten Years of Queen Victoria's Reign. Trenton, NJ: Albert Brandt, 1903.
In Defense of Free Speech: Five Essays from the Arena. New York: The Free Speech League, 1908.
How England Averted a Revolution of Force: A Survey of the Social Agitation of the First Ten Years of Queen Victoria's Reign. Trenton, NJ: Albert Brandt, Publisher, 1909.
Christian Science as a Religious Belief and a Therapeutic Agent. Boston: Twentieth Century Co., 1910.
The Bubonic Plague. New York: National League for Medical Freedom, 1910.
Progressive Men, Women, and Movements of the Past Twenty-Five Years. Boston: The Arena, 1914.
Righting the People's Wrongs: A Lesson from History of Our Own Times. Cincinnati, OH: Standard Publishing Co., 1917.
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d Ralph E. Luker, "Benjamin Orange Flower," American National Biography Online, Feb. 2000.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Edd Applegate, "Benjamin Orange Flower (1858-1918)," in Muckrakers: A Biographical Dictionary of Writers and Editors. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2008; pp. 58-60.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Robert L. Gale (ed.), The Gay Nineties in America: A Cultural Dictionary of the 1890s. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992; pp. 127-128.
4.^ Jump up to: a b Richard Herndon with Edwin N. Bacon (eds.), Men of Progress: One Thousand Biographical Sketches and Portraits of Leaders in Business and Professional Life in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Boston: New England Magazine, 1896; pg. 131.
5.Jump up ^ C.C. Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1932; pp. 29-30.
6.^ Jump up to: a b Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 30.
7.Jump up ^ Roy P. Fairfield, "Benjamin Orange Flower: Father of the Muckrakers," American Literature, vol. 22, no. 3 (Nov., 1950), pg. 275.
8.Jump up ^ Fairfield, "Benjamin Orange Flower," pp. 273-274.
9.Jump up ^ Fairfield, "Benjamin Orange Flower," pg. 273.
10.Jump up ^ Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 19.
11.Jump up ^ Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 20.
12.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Louis Filler, The Muckrakers. Second Edition. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993; pg. 40.
13.Jump up ^ Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 195.
14.Jump up ^ Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pp. 195-196.
15.Jump up ^ B.O. Flower, Christian Science: As a Religious Belief and a Therapeutic Agent. Boston: Twentieth Century Company, 1910; pg. vi.
16.Jump up ^ Flower, Christian Science, pp. viii-ix.
17.Jump up ^ http://library.knox.edu/archives/MSS/MSS-Birkbeck-Flower.htm
18.^ Jump up to: a b Regier, The Era of the Muckrakers, pg. 18.
Further reading[edit]
Howard F. Cline, "Benjamin Orange Flower and The Arena, 1889-1909," Journalism Quarterly, vol. 17 (June 1940), pp. 139–150, 171.
Howard F. Cline, "Flower and The Arena: Purpose and Content," Journalism Quarterly, vol. 17 (Sept. 1940), pp. 247–257.
David Dickason, "Benjamin Orange Flower: Patron of Realists," American Literature, vol. 14 (May 1942), pp. 148–156.
Roy P. Fairfield, "Benjamin Orange Flower: Father of the Muckrakers," American Literature, vol. 22, no. 3 (Nov. 1950), pp. 272–282. In JSTOR.
Louis Filler, The Muckrakers. Second Edition. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993.
Peter J. Frederick, Knights of the Golden Rule: The Intellectual as Christian Social Reformer in the 1890s. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1976.
Jean-Louis Marin-Lamellet, "What’s the Matter with Benjamin O. Flower? : Populism, Antimonopoly Politics and the “Paranoid Style” at the Turn of the Century," European Journal of American History, no. 1 (2013), pp. 2–21.
Arthur Mann, Yankee Reformers in the Urban Age: Social Reform in Boston, 1880-1900. New York: Harper, 1954.
Allen J. Matusow, "The Mind of B.O. Flower," New England Quarterly, vol. 34, no. 4 (Dec. 1961), pp. 492–509. In JSTOR.
Frank L. Stallings, Benjamin Orange Flower and "The Arena": Literature as an Agent of Social Protest and Reform. MA Thesis. University of Texas at Austin, 1961.
Roger Stoddard, "Vanity and Reform: B.O. Flower's Arena Publishing Company, Boston, 1890-1896," Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, vol. 76 (1982), pp. 275–337.
The Arena. Boston: Arena Publishing Co., 1889-1909. Vol. 1 | Vol. 2 | Vol. 3 | Vol. 4 | Vol. 5 | Vol. 6 | Vol. 7 | Vol. 8 | Vol. 9 | Vol. 10 | Vol. 11 | Vol. 12 | Vol. 13 | Vol. 14 | Vol. 15 | Vol. 16 | Vol. 17 | Vol. 18 | Vol. 19 | Vol. 20 | Vol. 21 | Vol. 22 | Vol. 23 | Vol. 24 | Vol. 25 | Vol. 26 | Vol. 27 | Vol. 28 | Vol. 29 | Vol. 30 | Vol. 31 | Vol. 32 | Vol. 33 | Vol. 34 | Vol. 35 | Vol. 36 | Vol. 37 | Vol. 38 | Vol. 39 | Vol. 40 | Vol. 41 |
External links[edit]
Works by Benjamin Orange Flower at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about B. O. Flower at Internet Archive



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1858 births
1918 deaths
American progressives
American male journalists
American magazine editors
People from Edwards County, Illinois
Transylvania University alumni
Progressive Era in the United States
Christian Science
Unitarian Universalists
Writers from Boston, Massachusetts
Writers from Illinois




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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._O._Flower








Frank A. Golder

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Jump to: navigation, search

Frank Alfred Golder (1877–1929) was an American historian and archivist specializing in the history of Russia. Golder is best remembered for his work in the early 1920s building the seminal collection of Slavic language materials residing today at the Hoover Institution Library and Archives at Stanford University in California.


Contents  [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 Early years
1.2 Academic career
1.3 Hoover Library curator
1.4 Death and legacy
2 Footnotes
3 Works
4 Further reading
5 External links

Biography[edit]
Early years[edit]



 Golder spent two years teaching school on remote Unga Island, largest of Alaska's Shumagin Islands.
Frank A. Golder was born August 11, 1877 near Odessa, Ukraine, then part of the Russian empire.[1] His family, who were ethnic Jews, emigrated to the United States during Golder's early boyhood years, probably in the immediate aftermath of the Odessa Pogrom of 1881.[1] Golder was not a native speaker of either Russian or Ukrainian, but rather is believed to have first spoken Yiddish before learning English in America as a youth.[1]
The Golder family established a home in Bridgeton, New Jersey, where they lived in poverty.[1] Frank was sent to the streets as a young boy to supplement the family income as a peddler of small knickknacks.[1] It was in this way that he was befriended by a Baptist clergyman, who helped the boy escape life on the streets and to gain a first-rate education, including a stint at Georgetown College, a preparatory school in Kentucky.[2]
Golder subsequently converted to Unitarianism, a theological departure which caused a strain between him and his parents, who remained adherents of Judaism.[2]
Upon completion of prep school, Golder enrolled in Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, a liberal arts college from which he graduated with a Bachelor's degree in 1898, having completed the requisite two year program.[3]
Following graduation Golder moved to Philadelphia, to which his parents had recently located.[4] Although he had sufficient academic qualification to teach school in the city, Golder did not find life in Philadelphia to his liking, so in July 1899 he applied through the U.S. Department of the Interior for a teaching position in Alaska.[4] Golder was accepted for a position and in August of that same year he boarded a train to begin the 5,000 mile trek to a remote settlement Unga Island to teach the native Aleuts in a public school established there.[4] Golder remained at Unga Island until 1902.[3] The experience helped foster in Golder a lifelong interest in the history of Alaska and would also be the source of material for his first book, a collection of folklore entitled Tales from Kodiak Island.[5]
Golder left Alaska to enroll at Harvard University, from which he received a second Bachelor's degree in 1903 before beginning doctoral studies in history at that same institution.[3] In the course of his graduate work Golder traveled to Paris and Berlin, where he developed an affinity for the history of Russia—an area of specialization infrequently taught in the United States at the time. Golder combined his interests in Alaska and the Russian empire in his dissertation work, which related to the Russian empire's expansion in the Pacific. Golder received his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1909 and his dissertation was published in book form in 1914, bearing the title Russian Expansion on the Pacific, 1641-1850.[3][3]
Academic career[edit]
Following the defense of his dissertation, Golder worked at two brief college teaching jobs as an instructor at Boston University and the University of Chicago in 1909 and 1910.[3] This led to a tenure-track appointment as Assistant Professor in the Department of Economics and History at Washington State College, located in the small Eastern Washington town of Pullman.[3] Golder remained there for a decade, albeit marked by long absences, gaining the academic rank of Professor during that interval.[3]
Golder sought to conduct research in Russia to compile a bibliography of historical works in libraries and archives there. To this end, Golder made the acquaintance of historian J. Franklin Jameson of the Carnegie Institution, who agreed to send Golder there on such a research mission.[6]
Golder arrived in St. Petersburg in February 1914 and remained there through November — an interval which placed him at ground zero to witness first hand the declaration of World War I that summer.[7] Despite the massive distraction and the wartime disorganization of Russian society, Golder nevertheless managed to complete his research mission, producing a bibliographic guide which eventually saw print in 1917 as Guide to Materials for American History in Russian Archives.[7] Golder also managed to turn some of the historical knowledge which he gained in the process into articles in several of the leading academic journals of the day, helping cement his reputation as an expert in 18th and 19th Century Russian diplomatic history.[8]
Coincidentally, Golder would again find himself at the center of the world-historical tornado during his second research trip to Russia, conducted in 1917. This time Golder traveled on behalf of the American Geographic Society, which commissioned him to translate and edit the journals of Danish explorer Vitus Bering for publication.[9] Golder arrived to peruse the Bering papers in Petrograd (the past and future St. Petersburg) on March 4, 1917 — mere days before the eruption of the February Revolution which would rapidly bring an end to the Romanov dynasty and usher in the rise of a short-lived constitutional democracy.[9] Golder once more somehow managed to stick to the academic task at hand amidst chaos during his 1917 research visit, and the two volumes of Bering's Voyages would appear in print in 1922 and 1925.
Golder's Russian experiences made him a valuable asset to the administration of President Woodrow Wilson, and he was named to a committee of experts assembled late in 1917 to compile background information for a forthcoming peace conference.[10] This committee, known as "The Inquiry" and headed by Wilson's close personal advisor Col. Edward M. House, would remain active for two years, during which time Golder authored reports on the Ukraine, Lithuania, Poland, and two regions of Russia.[10]
Golder was not selected to travel to Europe as an expert at the Paris Peace Conference, however, so upon completion of the committee's activities he returned to Pullman to resume teaching at Washington State.[10]
Hoover Library curator[edit]
The year 1920 found Frank Golder teaching summer classes at Stanford University, near Palo Alto, California.[10] This put the Russian expert Golder in the right place at the right time, as American Food Administrator and confirmed bibliophile Herbert Hoover had decided to transfer the mass of documents he had gathered during the wartime years to Stanford, his alma mater, as an archival collection.[10]
Golder was quickly hired as curator of the Hoover War History Collection — a group of materials which formed the initial basis for the collection of the Hoover Institution and Archives on War, Revolution and Peace at Stanford University.[10] Golder departed for Soviet Russia on his first collecting trip in August 1920 — an adventure which would last three years and which resulted in the building of one of the seminal collections of Slavic books, posters, magazines, and government documents.[10] Great masses of material, some unique and ephemeral, were gathered by Golder from various locations throughout Europe, crated, and shipped back for archival storage in California.[10]
Death and legacy[edit]
Frank Golder died in 1929. He never married but was survived by his younger brother Benjamin M. Golder, who sat as a Republican Congressman from Pennsylvania at the time of his death.[2]
The main accumulation of Golder's papers are housed at the Hoover Institution Library and Archives at Stanford University in 43 archival boxes, including diaries which were extracted by historians Terence Emmons and Bertrand M. Patenaude for the publication of a book in 1992 entitled War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia: The Passages of Frank Golder, 1914-1927.[11] A second smaller collection is housed at Green Library on the Stanford campus.[12]
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Terence Emmons and Bertrand M. Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia: The Passages of Frank Golder, 1914-1927. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1992; pg. xi.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pp. xi-xii.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xii.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c Alain Dubie, Frank A. Golder: An Adventure of a Historian in Quest of Russian History. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs, 1989; pg. 2.
5.Jump up ^ Harold H. Fisher, "Frank Alfred Golder, 1877-1929," Journal of Modern History, vol. 1, no. 2 (June 1929), pg. 253.
6.Jump up ^ Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xiii.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xiv.
8.Jump up ^ Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pp. xiv-xv.
9.^ Jump up to: a b Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xv.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xvii.
11.Jump up ^ Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. x, fn. 1.
12.Jump up ^ "Guide to the Frank Alfred Golder Papers, 1858-1927," Online Archive of California, Board of Trustees of Stanford University, 1998.
Works[edit]
Tales from Kodiak Island. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1903.
Russian Expansion on the Pacific, 1641-1850. Cleveland, OH: Arthur H. Clark Co., 1914.
"Catherine II and the American Revolution," American Historical Review, vol. 21, no. 1 (1915), pp. 92–96.
Guide to Materials for American History in Russian Archives. New York: Carnegie Institution, 1917.
Bering's Voyages: An Account of the Efforts of the Russians to Determine the Relation of Asia and America. In two volumes, with Leonhard Stejneger. New York: American Geographical Society, 1922-1925.
Documents of Russian history, 1914-1917. (Editor.) Gloucester, MA: Smith, 1927.
The March of the Mormon battalion from Council Bluffs to California: Taken from the Journal of Henry Standage. New York: The Century Co., 1928.
Further reading[edit]
Alain Dubie, Frank A. Golder: An Adventure of a Historian in Quest of Russian History. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs, 1989.
Harold H. Fisher, "Frank Alfred Golder, 1877-1929," Journal of Modern History, vol. 1, no. 2 (June 1929), pp. 253–255.
Lincoln Hutchinson, "Frank A. Golder," ARA Association Review, vol. 4, no. 1 (February 1929), pg. 49.
Ralph Haswell Lutz, "Professor Frank Alfred Golder," Stanford Illustrated Review, February 1929, pp. 249–250.
External links[edit]
Works by Frank Alfred Golder at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about Frank A. Golder at Internet Archive
Frank Alfred Golder Papers at the Hoover Institution Archives



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1877 births
1929 deaths
People from Odessa
Imperial Russian emigrants to the United States
American archivists
American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
Jewish American historians
Unitarian Universalists
Bucknell University alumni
Harvard University alumni
Stanford University people
Historians of Russia


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Frank A. Golder

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Jump to: navigation, search

Frank Alfred Golder (1877–1929) was an American historian and archivist specializing in the history of Russia. Golder is best remembered for his work in the early 1920s building the seminal collection of Slavic language materials residing today at the Hoover Institution Library and Archives at Stanford University in California.


Contents  [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 Early years
1.2 Academic career
1.3 Hoover Library curator
1.4 Death and legacy
2 Footnotes
3 Works
4 Further reading
5 External links

Biography[edit]
Early years[edit]



 Golder spent two years teaching school on remote Unga Island, largest of Alaska's Shumagin Islands.
Frank A. Golder was born August 11, 1877 near Odessa, Ukraine, then part of the Russian empire.[1] His family, who were ethnic Jews, emigrated to the United States during Golder's early boyhood years, probably in the immediate aftermath of the Odessa Pogrom of 1881.[1] Golder was not a native speaker of either Russian or Ukrainian, but rather is believed to have first spoken Yiddish before learning English in America as a youth.[1]
The Golder family established a home in Bridgeton, New Jersey, where they lived in poverty.[1] Frank was sent to the streets as a young boy to supplement the family income as a peddler of small knickknacks.[1] It was in this way that he was befriended by a Baptist clergyman, who helped the boy escape life on the streets and to gain a first-rate education, including a stint at Georgetown College, a preparatory school in Kentucky.[2]
Golder subsequently converted to Unitarianism, a theological departure which caused a strain between him and his parents, who remained adherents of Judaism.[2]
Upon completion of prep school, Golder enrolled in Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, a liberal arts college from which he graduated with a Bachelor's degree in 1898, having completed the requisite two year program.[3]
Following graduation Golder moved to Philadelphia, to which his parents had recently located.[4] Although he had sufficient academic qualification to teach school in the city, Golder did not find life in Philadelphia to his liking, so in July 1899 he applied through the U.S. Department of the Interior for a teaching position in Alaska.[4] Golder was accepted for a position and in August of that same year he boarded a train to begin the 5,000 mile trek to a remote settlement Unga Island to teach the native Aleuts in a public school established there.[4] Golder remained at Unga Island until 1902.[3] The experience helped foster in Golder a lifelong interest in the history of Alaska and would also be the source of material for his first book, a collection of folklore entitled Tales from Kodiak Island.[5]
Golder left Alaska to enroll at Harvard University, from which he received a second Bachelor's degree in 1903 before beginning doctoral studies in history at that same institution.[3] In the course of his graduate work Golder traveled to Paris and Berlin, where he developed an affinity for the history of Russia—an area of specialization infrequently taught in the United States at the time. Golder combined his interests in Alaska and the Russian empire in his dissertation work, which related to the Russian empire's expansion in the Pacific. Golder received his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1909 and his dissertation was published in book form in 1914, bearing the title Russian Expansion on the Pacific, 1641-1850.[3][3]
Academic career[edit]
Following the defense of his dissertation, Golder worked at two brief college teaching jobs as an instructor at Boston University and the University of Chicago in 1909 and 1910.[3] This led to a tenure-track appointment as Assistant Professor in the Department of Economics and History at Washington State College, located in the small Eastern Washington town of Pullman.[3] Golder remained there for a decade, albeit marked by long absences, gaining the academic rank of Professor during that interval.[3]
Golder sought to conduct research in Russia to compile a bibliography of historical works in libraries and archives there. To this end, Golder made the acquaintance of historian J. Franklin Jameson of the Carnegie Institution, who agreed to send Golder there on such a research mission.[6]
Golder arrived in St. Petersburg in February 1914 and remained there through November — an interval which placed him at ground zero to witness first hand the declaration of World War I that summer.[7] Despite the massive distraction and the wartime disorganization of Russian society, Golder nevertheless managed to complete his research mission, producing a bibliographic guide which eventually saw print in 1917 as Guide to Materials for American History in Russian Archives.[7] Golder also managed to turn some of the historical knowledge which he gained in the process into articles in several of the leading academic journals of the day, helping cement his reputation as an expert in 18th and 19th Century Russian diplomatic history.[8]
Coincidentally, Golder would again find himself at the center of the world-historical tornado during his second research trip to Russia, conducted in 1917. This time Golder traveled on behalf of the American Geographic Society, which commissioned him to translate and edit the journals of Danish explorer Vitus Bering for publication.[9] Golder arrived to peruse the Bering papers in Petrograd (the past and future St. Petersburg) on March 4, 1917 — mere days before the eruption of the February Revolution which would rapidly bring an end to the Romanov dynasty and usher in the rise of a short-lived constitutional democracy.[9] Golder once more somehow managed to stick to the academic task at hand amidst chaos during his 1917 research visit, and the two volumes of Bering's Voyages would appear in print in 1922 and 1925.
Golder's Russian experiences made him a valuable asset to the administration of President Woodrow Wilson, and he was named to a committee of experts assembled late in 1917 to compile background information for a forthcoming peace conference.[10] This committee, known as "The Inquiry" and headed by Wilson's close personal advisor Col. Edward M. House, would remain active for two years, during which time Golder authored reports on the Ukraine, Lithuania, Poland, and two regions of Russia.[10]
Golder was not selected to travel to Europe as an expert at the Paris Peace Conference, however, so upon completion of the committee's activities he returned to Pullman to resume teaching at Washington State.[10]
Hoover Library curator[edit]
The year 1920 found Frank Golder teaching summer classes at Stanford University, near Palo Alto, California.[10] This put the Russian expert Golder in the right place at the right time, as American Food Administrator and confirmed bibliophile Herbert Hoover had decided to transfer the mass of documents he had gathered during the wartime years to Stanford, his alma mater, as an archival collection.[10]
Golder was quickly hired as curator of the Hoover War History Collection — a group of materials which formed the initial basis for the collection of the Hoover Institution and Archives on War, Revolution and Peace at Stanford University.[10] Golder departed for Soviet Russia on his first collecting trip in August 1920 — an adventure which would last three years and which resulted in the building of one of the seminal collections of Slavic books, posters, magazines, and government documents.[10] Great masses of material, some unique and ephemeral, were gathered by Golder from various locations throughout Europe, crated, and shipped back for archival storage in California.[10]
Death and legacy[edit]
Frank Golder died in 1929. He never married but was survived by his younger brother Benjamin M. Golder, who sat as a Republican Congressman from Pennsylvania at the time of his death.[2]
The main accumulation of Golder's papers are housed at the Hoover Institution Library and Archives at Stanford University in 43 archival boxes, including diaries which were extracted by historians Terence Emmons and Bertrand M. Patenaude for the publication of a book in 1992 entitled War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia: The Passages of Frank Golder, 1914-1927.[11] A second smaller collection is housed at Green Library on the Stanford campus.[12]
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Terence Emmons and Bertrand M. Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia: The Passages of Frank Golder, 1914-1927. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1992; pg. xi.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pp. xi-xii.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xii.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c Alain Dubie, Frank A. Golder: An Adventure of a Historian in Quest of Russian History. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs, 1989; pg. 2.
5.Jump up ^ Harold H. Fisher, "Frank Alfred Golder, 1877-1929," Journal of Modern History, vol. 1, no. 2 (June 1929), pg. 253.
6.Jump up ^ Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xiii.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xiv.
8.Jump up ^ Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pp. xiv-xv.
9.^ Jump up to: a b Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xv.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. xvii.
11.Jump up ^ Emmons and Patenaude (eds.), "Introduction" to War, Revolution, and Peace in Russia, pg. x, fn. 1.
12.Jump up ^ "Guide to the Frank Alfred Golder Papers, 1858-1927," Online Archive of California, Board of Trustees of Stanford University, 1998.
Works[edit]
Tales from Kodiak Island. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1903.
Russian Expansion on the Pacific, 1641-1850. Cleveland, OH: Arthur H. Clark Co., 1914.
"Catherine II and the American Revolution," American Historical Review, vol. 21, no. 1 (1915), pp. 92–96.
Guide to Materials for American History in Russian Archives. New York: Carnegie Institution, 1917.
Bering's Voyages: An Account of the Efforts of the Russians to Determine the Relation of Asia and America. In two volumes, with Leonhard Stejneger. New York: American Geographical Society, 1922-1925.
Documents of Russian history, 1914-1917. (Editor.) Gloucester, MA: Smith, 1927.
The March of the Mormon battalion from Council Bluffs to California: Taken from the Journal of Henry Standage. New York: The Century Co., 1928.
Further reading[edit]
Alain Dubie, Frank A. Golder: An Adventure of a Historian in Quest of Russian History. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs, 1989.
Harold H. Fisher, "Frank Alfred Golder, 1877-1929," Journal of Modern History, vol. 1, no. 2 (June 1929), pp. 253–255.
Lincoln Hutchinson, "Frank A. Golder," ARA Association Review, vol. 4, no. 1 (February 1929), pg. 49.
Ralph Haswell Lutz, "Professor Frank Alfred Golder," Stanford Illustrated Review, February 1929, pp. 249–250.
External links[edit]
Works by Frank Alfred Golder at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about Frank A. Golder at Internet Archive
Frank Alfred Golder Papers at the Hoover Institution Archives



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1877 births
1929 deaths
People from Odessa
Imperial Russian emigrants to the United States
American archivists
American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
Jewish American historians
Unitarian Universalists
Bucknell University alumni
Harvard University alumni
Stanford University people
Historians of Russia


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Rosamond Davenport Hill

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Jump to: navigation, search


Rosamond Davenport Hill
Rosamond Davenport Hill, by Goodfellow 1888.jpg
Rosamond Davenport Hill, 1888

Born
4 August 1825[1]
Chelsea, London, England, United Kingdom[1]
Died
6 August 1902 (aged 77)[1]
Oxford, England, United Kingdom
Nationality
British[1]
Occupation
Reformer
 Educational administrator[1]
Rosamond Davenport Hill (1825-1902) was a British educational administrator and prison reformer.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Teaching career and prison reform interests
3 Education career
4 Retirement and later life
5 Further reading
6 References

Early life and education[edit]
Rosamond Davenport Hill was born on 4 August 1825 in Chelsea in London. Her parents were Matthew Davenport Hill and Margaret Bucknall. In 1826, the family moved to Chancery Lane then in 1831, they moved to Hampstead Heath. The children were Alfred Hill born in 1821, Florence Davenport Hill who was also born in Chelsea in 1828, Matthew Berkeley Hill and Joanna Margaret Hill who was born in Hampstead in 1836/7.[2]
Rosamond's immediate family were all reforming individuals but her extended family on her father's side included the stamp inventor Rowland Hill, the prison inspector Frederic Hill and Francis Hill.[2]
As a young girl, Davenport Hill was fond of botany, which she studied at a day school. She received a lot of her education at home, which was taught by her mother, who suffered from health problems and relied on Davenport Hill to help maintain the home. Davenport Hill was a very proactive child regarding her own education. As part of her schooling, she and her sister Florence interviewed the Irish writer Maria Edgeworth on 1 March 1840. That year, the family moved to Haverstock Hill. Upon their move, they became friendly with William Makepeace Thackeray.[1]
Teaching career and prison reform interests[edit]
In 1841, the family moved to France, followed by Belgium in 1844, and eventually Switzerland and Italy. The family moved back to England, settling in Bristol, in 1851 due to Matthew Davenport Hill becoming a bankruptcy commissioner. Davenport Hill began working for Mary Carpenter. She worked at Carpenter's St. James ragged school and taught the children arithmetic and home economics. She also worked for her father, who had become active in educational and criminal law reform. She visited Ireland in 1856, where she visited prisons with her father. She wrote a book about her experience titled "A Lady's Visit to the Irish Convict Prisons". In 1858, the two went to Spain, France, and Germany to visit prisons. Davenport Hill focused exclusively about prison reform until the mid-1870s. She co-authored a book with her father, in 1860, titled "Our Exemplars, Rich and Poor."[1]
In 1855, Davenport Hill visited Mettray Penal Colony with her father. They became close friends with Mettray's founder, Frédéric-Auguste Demetz. Mettray suffered considerable damage during the Franco-Prussian War. Davenport Hill raised £2,500 to fund renovations for Mettray. Inspired by the work there, Davenport Hill, and her sister, opened an industrial school for girls based on Mettray, in Bristol. Her father died in 1872.[1]
Upon her father's death, Davenport Hill traveled to Adelaide, Australia, to visit family including her reforming cousin Emily Clark. She travelled with her sister Florence and the two of them were to stay together for life.[2] While in Australia, the sisters did inspections of schools, prisons and reformatories. Henry Parkes served as one of their guides. Davenport Hill spoke before a commission in Sydney about the reformatory movement. She wrote a paper, titled "A Summary of the Principles of Reformatory Treatment, with a Special Reference to Girls' (printed in the Memoir)" that argued that reform treatment should emphasize independence and self-efficacy. The two sisters traveled from Australia to Egypt and Italy, returning home in 1875. During their travels, they wrote and published "What we saw in Australia". In 1878, they published a biography about their father. The two sisters lived in Hampstead. Davenport Hill left the Church of England and became a Unitarian Universalist.[1]
Education career[edit]
On 5 December 1879, Davenport Hill was elected a Progressive Party member of the school board for the City of London. She served until 1897. She sat on the industrial school committee and the school management committee. She chaired the management of Greystoke Place. She became chairman of the cooking committee and published multiple papers on the subject in education.[1]
She was an early opposer of the school board's pension program for teachers, which was eventually abolished in 1895. She visited the United States and Canada, traveling to schools across the countries in 1888. This inspired her to introduce pianos to schools for the sake of marching and drill. She also became interested in sloyd education. She opposed the board's interest in providing meals to children and also protested the religious stances of the board, despite supporting daily religious teachings. Davenport HIll was a member of the National Froebel Foundation. She served on the board of the University College London.[1]
Retirement and later life[edit]
She retired from the board in 1897. She moved in with her sister in a home called Hillstow in Oxford. Upon her retirement, the Brentwood Industrial School was renamed the Davenport-Hill Home for Boys. Davenport Hill died at Hillstow on 6 August 1902.[1]
Further reading[edit]
Swain, Shurlee. "Florence and Rosamond Davenport Hill and the Development of Boarding Out in England and Australia: a study in cultural transmission." Women's History Review. 23.5 (2014).
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Hill, Rosamond Davenport". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c Deborah Sara Gorham, ‘Hill, Rosamond Davenport (1825–1902)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2007 accessed 27 Jan 2015[dead link]



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1825 births
1902 deaths
People from Chelsea, London
People from Oxford
Prison reformers
People from Bristol
Education reform
Unitarian Universalists
People from the City of London
People associated with University College London








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Rosamond Davenport Hill

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Rosamond Davenport Hill
Rosamond Davenport Hill, by Goodfellow 1888.jpg
Rosamond Davenport Hill, 1888

Born
4 August 1825[1]
Chelsea, London, England, United Kingdom[1]
Died
6 August 1902 (aged 77)[1]
Oxford, England, United Kingdom
Nationality
British[1]
Occupation
Reformer
 Educational administrator[1]
Rosamond Davenport Hill (1825-1902) was a British educational administrator and prison reformer.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Teaching career and prison reform interests
3 Education career
4 Retirement and later life
5 Further reading
6 References

Early life and education[edit]
Rosamond Davenport Hill was born on 4 August 1825 in Chelsea in London. Her parents were Matthew Davenport Hill and Margaret Bucknall. In 1826, the family moved to Chancery Lane then in 1831, they moved to Hampstead Heath. The children were Alfred Hill born in 1821, Florence Davenport Hill who was also born in Chelsea in 1828, Matthew Berkeley Hill and Joanna Margaret Hill who was born in Hampstead in 1836/7.[2]
Rosamond's immediate family were all reforming individuals but her extended family on her father's side included the stamp inventor Rowland Hill, the prison inspector Frederic Hill and Francis Hill.[2]
As a young girl, Davenport Hill was fond of botany, which she studied at a day school. She received a lot of her education at home, which was taught by her mother, who suffered from health problems and relied on Davenport Hill to help maintain the home. Davenport Hill was a very proactive child regarding her own education. As part of her schooling, she and her sister Florence interviewed the Irish writer Maria Edgeworth on 1 March 1840. That year, the family moved to Haverstock Hill. Upon their move, they became friendly with William Makepeace Thackeray.[1]
Teaching career and prison reform interests[edit]
In 1841, the family moved to France, followed by Belgium in 1844, and eventually Switzerland and Italy. The family moved back to England, settling in Bristol, in 1851 due to Matthew Davenport Hill becoming a bankruptcy commissioner. Davenport Hill began working for Mary Carpenter. She worked at Carpenter's St. James ragged school and taught the children arithmetic and home economics. She also worked for her father, who had become active in educational and criminal law reform. She visited Ireland in 1856, where she visited prisons with her father. She wrote a book about her experience titled "A Lady's Visit to the Irish Convict Prisons". In 1858, the two went to Spain, France, and Germany to visit prisons. Davenport Hill focused exclusively about prison reform until the mid-1870s. She co-authored a book with her father, in 1860, titled "Our Exemplars, Rich and Poor."[1]
In 1855, Davenport Hill visited Mettray Penal Colony with her father. They became close friends with Mettray's founder, Frédéric-Auguste Demetz. Mettray suffered considerable damage during the Franco-Prussian War. Davenport Hill raised £2,500 to fund renovations for Mettray. Inspired by the work there, Davenport Hill, and her sister, opened an industrial school for girls based on Mettray, in Bristol. Her father died in 1872.[1]
Upon her father's death, Davenport Hill traveled to Adelaide, Australia, to visit family including her reforming cousin Emily Clark. She travelled with her sister Florence and the two of them were to stay together for life.[2] While in Australia, the sisters did inspections of schools, prisons and reformatories. Henry Parkes served as one of their guides. Davenport Hill spoke before a commission in Sydney about the reformatory movement. She wrote a paper, titled "A Summary of the Principles of Reformatory Treatment, with a Special Reference to Girls' (printed in the Memoir)" that argued that reform treatment should emphasize independence and self-efficacy. The two sisters traveled from Australia to Egypt and Italy, returning home in 1875. During their travels, they wrote and published "What we saw in Australia". In 1878, they published a biography about their father. The two sisters lived in Hampstead. Davenport Hill left the Church of England and became a Unitarian Universalist.[1]
Education career[edit]
On 5 December 1879, Davenport Hill was elected a Progressive Party member of the school board for the City of London. She served until 1897. She sat on the industrial school committee and the school management committee. She chaired the management of Greystoke Place. She became chairman of the cooking committee and published multiple papers on the subject in education.[1]
She was an early opposer of the school board's pension program for teachers, which was eventually abolished in 1895. She visited the United States and Canada, traveling to schools across the countries in 1888. This inspired her to introduce pianos to schools for the sake of marching and drill. She also became interested in sloyd education. She opposed the board's interest in providing meals to children and also protested the religious stances of the board, despite supporting daily religious teachings. Davenport HIll was a member of the National Froebel Foundation. She served on the board of the University College London.[1]
Retirement and later life[edit]
She retired from the board in 1897. She moved in with her sister in a home called Hillstow in Oxford. Upon her retirement, the Brentwood Industrial School was renamed the Davenport-Hill Home for Boys. Davenport Hill died at Hillstow on 6 August 1902.[1]
Further reading[edit]
Swain, Shurlee. "Florence and Rosamond Davenport Hill and the Development of Boarding Out in England and Australia: a study in cultural transmission." Women's History Review. 23.5 (2014).
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Hill, Rosamond Davenport". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c Deborah Sara Gorham, ‘Hill, Rosamond Davenport (1825–1902)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2007 accessed 27 Jan 2015[dead link]



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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Julian Jaynes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Julian Jaynes

Born
Julian Jaynes
 27 February 1920
West Newton, Massachusetts
Died
21 November 1997 (aged 77)
Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
Alma mater
Harvard University, attended 1940-42
McGill University, B.A., 1944
Yale University, M.A., 1948

Occupation
Psychologist, professor, writer
Religion
Unitarian Universalist
Parent(s)
Julian Clifford Jaynes (a minister) and Clara (Bullard) Jaynes
Notes
[1]

Julian Jaynes (February 27, 1920 – November 21, 1997) was an American psychologist, best known for his book The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind (1976), in which he argued that ancient peoples were not conscious.
Jaynes' definition of consciousness is synonymous with what philosophers call "meta-consciousness" or "meta-awareness", i.e., awareness of awareness, thoughts about thinking, desires about desires, beliefs about beliefs. This form of reflection is also distinct from the kinds of "deliberations" seen in other higher animals such as crows insofar as it is dependent on linguistic cognition.
Jaynes wrote that ancient humans before roughly 1000BC were not reflectively meta-conscious and operated by means of automatic, nonconscious habit-schemas. Instead of having meta-consciousness, these humans were constituted by what Jaynes calls the "bicameral mind". For bicameral humans, when habit did not suffice to handle novel stimuli and stress rose at the moment of decision, neural activity in the "dominant" (left) hemisphere was modulated by auditory verbal hallucinations originating in the so-called "silent" (right) hemisphere (particularly the right temporal cortex), which were heard as the voice of a chieftain or god and immediately obeyed.
Jaynes wrote, "[For bicameral humans], volition came as a voice that was in the nature of a neurological command, in which the command and the action were not separated, in which to hear was to obey."[2] Jaynes argued that the change from bicamerality to consciousness (linguistic meta-cognition) occurred over a period of ten centuries beginning around 1800 BC. The selection pressure for Jaynesian consciousness as a means for cognitive control is due, in part, to chaotic social disorganizations and the development of new methods of behavioral control such as writing."[3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Life
2 Reception and influence
3 Controversy
4 Bibliography
5 See also
6 Notes
7 External links

Life[edit]
Jaynes was born in West Newton, Massachusetts, son of Julian Clifford Jaynes (1854–1922), a Unitarian minister, and Clara Bullard Jaynes (1884-1980). He attended Harvard University, was an undergraduate at McGill University and afterwards received master's and doctorate degrees from Yale University. He was mentored by Frank A. Beach and was a close friend of Edwin G. Boring. During this time period Jaynes made significant contributions in the fields of animal behavior and ethology. After Yale, Jaynes spent several years in England working as an actor and playwright. Jaynes later returned to the United States, and lectured in psychology at Princeton University from 1966 to 1990, teaching a popular class on consciousness for much of that time. He was in high demand as a lecturer, and was frequently invited to lecture at conferences and as a guest lecturer at other universities, including Harvard, Columbia, Cornell, Johns Hopkins, Rutgers, Dalhousie, Wellesley, Florida State, the Universities of New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, and Massachusetts at Amherst and Boston Harbor. In 1984 he was invited to give the plenary lecture at the Wittgenstein Symposium in Kirchberg, Austria. He gave six major lectures in 1985 and nine in 1986. He was awarded an honorary Ph.D. by Rhode Island College in 1979 and another from Elizabethtown College in 1985.[4] He died at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island on November 21, 1997.
Reception and influence[edit]
The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind was a successful work of popular science, selling out the first print run before a second could replace it. The book was a nominee for the National Book Award in 1978, and received dozens of positive book reviews, including those by well-known critics such as John Updike in The New Yorker, Christopher Lehmann-Haupt in the New York Times, and Marshall McLuhan in the Toronto Globe and Mail. Articles on Jaynes's theory appeared in Time[5] magazine and Psychology Today[6] in 1977. Jaynes later expanded on the ideas in his book in a series of commentaries in the journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences, in lectures and discussions published in Canadian Psychology, and in Art/World. He wrote an extensive Afterword for the 1990 edition of his book, in which he expanded on his theory and addressed some of the criticisms. More than 30 years later, Jaynes's book is still in print.
Jaynes's theory has been influential to philosophers such as Daniel Dennett,[7] psychologists such as Tim Crow[8] and psychiatrists such as Henry Nasrallah.[9] Jaynes's ideas have also influenced writers such as William S. Burroughs,[10] Neal Stephenson,[11] Robert J. Sawyer,[12] Philip K. Dick,[13] and Ken Wilber. Jaynes's theory inspired the investigation of auditory hallucinations by researchers such as psychologist Thomas Posey[14] and clinical psychologist John Hamilton,[15] which ultimately has led to a rethinking of the association of auditory hallucinations and mental illness.[16] Jaynes's theory has been cited in thousands of both scientific and popular books and articles.[17]
In the late 1990s, Jaynes's ideas received renewed attention as brain imaging technology confirmed many of his early predictions.[18][19] A 2007 book titled Reflections on the Dawn of Consciousness: Julian Jaynes's Bicameral Mind Theory Revisited contains several of Jaynes's essays along with chapters by scholars from a variety of disciplines expanding on his ideas.[20] At the April 2008 "Toward a Science of Consciousness" Conference held in Tucson, Arizona, Marcel Kuijsten (Executive Director and Founder of the Julian Jaynes Society) and Brian J. McVeigh (University of Arizona) hosted a workshop devoted to Jaynesian psychology. At the same conference, a panel devoted to Jaynes was also held, with John Limber (University of New Hampshire), Marcel Kuijsten, John Hainly (Southern University), Scott Greer (University of Prince Edward Island), and Brian J. McVeigh presenting relevant research. At the same conference the philosopher Jan Sleutels (Leiden University) presented on Jaynesian psychology. A 2012 book titled The Julian Jaynes Collection gathers together many of the lectures and articles by Jaynes relevant to his theory (including some that were previously unpublished), along with interviews and question and answer sessions where Jaynes addresses misconceptions about the theory and extends the theory into new areas.[21] Jaynes' book is mentioned in Richard Dawkins' 2006 work The God Delusion: "It is one of those books that is either complete rubbish or a work of consummate genius, nothing in between! Probably the former, but I'm hedging my bets."
Controversy[edit]
See also: Bicameralism (psychology)
In general, Jaynes is respected as a psychologist and a historian of psychology. The views expressed in The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind employ a radical neuroscientific hypothesis that was based on research novel at the time, and which is not now considered to be biologically probable. However, the more general idea of a "divided self" has found support from psychological and neurological studies, and many of the historical arguments made in the book remain intriguing, if not yet proven.[22]
An early criticism by philosopher Ned Block argued that Jaynes had confused the emergence of consciousness with the emergence of the concept of consciousness. In other words, according to Block, humans were conscious all along but did not have the concept of consciousness and thus did not discuss it in their texts. Daniel Dennett countered that for some things, such as money, baseball, or consciousness, one cannot have the thing without also having the concept of the thing.[23] Moreover, it is arguable that Block misinterpreted the nature of what Jaynes claimed to be a social construction.[24][25]
Bibliography[edit]
(Contributor) W. S. Dillon, editor, Man and Beast: Comparative Social Behavior, Smithsonian Institution (Washington, DC), 1970.
(Contributor) C. C. Gillespie and others, editors, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Scribner (New York, NY), 1970.
Henle, Mary; Jaynes, Julian; Sullivan, John J. Historical conceptions of psychology. Oxford, England: Springer. 1973.
The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind, Houghton (Boston, MA), 1977, republished with a new afterword by the author, 1990.
(Editor, with others) The Lateralization of the Nervous System, Academic Press, 1977.
Contributor of over forty articles to psychology journals, including Psychological Review
Journal of Comparative Physiology and Psychology
American Naturalist
American Scientist
Behavior
Contemporary Psychology
Developmental Psychology[1]

See also[edit]
Bronze Age collapse, speculated by Jaynes to have been the ultimate cause of the breakdown of bicamerality
Notes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Julian Jaynes". Contemporary Authors Online (FEE, VIA FAIRFAX COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY). Detroit: Gale. 2005. Gale Document Number: GALE|H1000050073. Retrieved 2013-11-23. Biography in Context. (subscription required)
2.Jump up ^ Jaynes, Julian (2000) [1976]. The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind (PDF). Houghton Mifflin. p. 99. ISBN 0-618-05707-2.
3.Jump up ^ Jaynes, Julian (2000) [1976]. The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind (PDF). Houghton Mifflin. p. 198. ISBN 0-618-05707-2.
4.Jump up ^ Kuijsten, Marcel (2007). Reflections on the Dawn of Consciousness: Julian Jaynes's Bicameral Mind Theory Revisited. Julian Jaynes Society. 13–68. ISBN 0-9790744-0-1. Retrieved 2013-11-24.
5.Jump up ^ Leo, John (1977). "The Lost Voices of the Gods". Time 14.
6.Jump up ^ Keen, Sam (November 1977). "Julian Jaynes: Portrait of the Psychologist as a Maverick Theorizer". Psychology Today 11.
7.Jump up ^ Dennett, Daniel (1992). Consciousness Explained. Back Bay Books.
8.Jump up ^ Crow, Tim (2005). "Right Hemisphere Language Functions and Schizophrenia: The Forgotten Hemisphere". Brain 128 (5): 963–78. doi:10.1093/brain/awh466. PMID 15743870.
9.Jump up ^ Nasrallah, Henry (1985). "The Unintegrated Right Cerebral Hemispheric Consciousness as Alien Intruder: A Possible Mechanism for Schneiderian Delusions in Schizophrenia". Comprehensive Psychiatry 26 (3): 273–82. doi:10.1016/0010-440X(85)90072-0. PMID 3995938.
10.Jump up ^ Burroughs, William S. "Sects and Death." Three Fisted Tales of Bob. Ed. Rev. Ivan Stang. Fireside, 1990. ISBN 0-671-67190-1
11.Jump up ^ Stephenson, Neal (1992). Snow Crash. Bantam Books.
12.Jump up ^ Sawyer, Robert (2009). WWW: Wake. Ace.
13.Jump up ^ Dick, Philip (1977). A Scanner Darkly. Doubleday.
14.Jump up ^ Posey, Thomas (1983). "Auditory Hallucinations of Hearing Voices in 375 Normal Subjects". Imagination, Cognition, and Personality 3.
15.Jump up ^ Hamilton, John (1988). "Auditory Hallucinations in Nonverbal Quadriplegics". Psychiatry 48 (4): 382–92. PMID 4070517.
16.Jump up ^ Smith, Daniel (2007). Muses, Madmen, and Prophets: Rethinking the History, Science, and Meaning of Auditory Hallucination. Penguin Press.
17.Jump up ^ "Google Books". Google. Retrieved Feb 2011.
18.Jump up ^ Olin, Robert (1999). "Auditory Hallucinations and the Bicameral Mind". Lancet 354 (9173): 166. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)75304-6. PMID 10408523.
19.Jump up ^ Sher, Leo (2000). "Neuroimaging, Auditory Hallucinations, and the Bicameral Mind". Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience 25 (3).
20.Jump up ^ Kuijsten, Marcel (2007). Reflections on the Dawn of Consciousness: Julian Jaynes's Bicameral Mind Theory Revisited. Julian Jaynes Society. ISBN 0-9790744-0-1.
21.Jump up ^ Kuijsten, Marcel (2012). The Julian Jaynes Collection. Julian Jaynes Society. ISBN 978-0979074424.
22.Jump up ^ "The "bicameral mind" 30 years on: a critical reappraisal of Julian Jaynes' hypothesis.". Functional Neurology. 2007.
23.Jump up ^ Daniel Dennett, op. cit., at pp. 127-128 in Brainstorms
24.Jump up ^ Sleutels, Jan (2006). "Greek Zombies". Philosophical Psychology 19 (2): 177–197. doi:10.1080/09515080500462412.
25.Jump up ^ Williams, Gary (2010). "What is it like to be nonconscious? A defense of Julian Jaynes". Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Julian Jaynes
Julian Jaynes Society
The Origin of consciousness..: Summary, selected quotes and review
Neuroimaging, Auditory Hallucinations, and the Bicameral Mind by Leo Sher, MD]
Schizophrenic Process and The Emergence of Consciousness in Recent History: The Significance for Psychotherapy of Julian Jaynes by Heward Wilkinson
What It Feels Like To Hear Voices: Fond Memories of Julian Jaynes. Biennial Julian Jaynes Conference on Consciousness, 7-9 August 2008, University of Prince Edward Island by Stevan Harnad


Authority control
WorldCat ·
 VIAF: 56624 ·
 LCCN: n91054848 ·
 ISNI: 0000 0001 1019 7204 ·
 GND: 143239309 ·
 BNF: cb121938890 (data) ·
 NDL: 00993084
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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Yale University alumni
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Jaynes









Julian Jaynes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Julian Jaynes

Born
Julian Jaynes
 27 February 1920
West Newton, Massachusetts
Died
21 November 1997 (aged 77)
Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
Alma mater
Harvard University, attended 1940-42
McGill University, B.A., 1944
Yale University, M.A., 1948

Occupation
Psychologist, professor, writer
Religion
Unitarian Universalist
Parent(s)
Julian Clifford Jaynes (a minister) and Clara (Bullard) Jaynes
Notes
[1]

Julian Jaynes (February 27, 1920 – November 21, 1997) was an American psychologist, best known for his book The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind (1976), in which he argued that ancient peoples were not conscious.
Jaynes' definition of consciousness is synonymous with what philosophers call "meta-consciousness" or "meta-awareness", i.e., awareness of awareness, thoughts about thinking, desires about desires, beliefs about beliefs. This form of reflection is also distinct from the kinds of "deliberations" seen in other higher animals such as crows insofar as it is dependent on linguistic cognition.
Jaynes wrote that ancient humans before roughly 1000BC were not reflectively meta-conscious and operated by means of automatic, nonconscious habit-schemas. Instead of having meta-consciousness, these humans were constituted by what Jaynes calls the "bicameral mind". For bicameral humans, when habit did not suffice to handle novel stimuli and stress rose at the moment of decision, neural activity in the "dominant" (left) hemisphere was modulated by auditory verbal hallucinations originating in the so-called "silent" (right) hemisphere (particularly the right temporal cortex), which were heard as the voice of a chieftain or god and immediately obeyed.
Jaynes wrote, "[For bicameral humans], volition came as a voice that was in the nature of a neurological command, in which the command and the action were not separated, in which to hear was to obey."[2] Jaynes argued that the change from bicamerality to consciousness (linguistic meta-cognition) occurred over a period of ten centuries beginning around 1800 BC. The selection pressure for Jaynesian consciousness as a means for cognitive control is due, in part, to chaotic social disorganizations and the development of new methods of behavioral control such as writing."[3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Life
2 Reception and influence
3 Controversy
4 Bibliography
5 See also
6 Notes
7 External links

Life[edit]
Jaynes was born in West Newton, Massachusetts, son of Julian Clifford Jaynes (1854–1922), a Unitarian minister, and Clara Bullard Jaynes (1884-1980). He attended Harvard University, was an undergraduate at McGill University and afterwards received master's and doctorate degrees from Yale University. He was mentored by Frank A. Beach and was a close friend of Edwin G. Boring. During this time period Jaynes made significant contributions in the fields of animal behavior and ethology. After Yale, Jaynes spent several years in England working as an actor and playwright. Jaynes later returned to the United States, and lectured in psychology at Princeton University from 1966 to 1990, teaching a popular class on consciousness for much of that time. He was in high demand as a lecturer, and was frequently invited to lecture at conferences and as a guest lecturer at other universities, including Harvard, Columbia, Cornell, Johns Hopkins, Rutgers, Dalhousie, Wellesley, Florida State, the Universities of New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, and Massachusetts at Amherst and Boston Harbor. In 1984 he was invited to give the plenary lecture at the Wittgenstein Symposium in Kirchberg, Austria. He gave six major lectures in 1985 and nine in 1986. He was awarded an honorary Ph.D. by Rhode Island College in 1979 and another from Elizabethtown College in 1985.[4] He died at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island on November 21, 1997.
Reception and influence[edit]
The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind was a successful work of popular science, selling out the first print run before a second could replace it. The book was a nominee for the National Book Award in 1978, and received dozens of positive book reviews, including those by well-known critics such as John Updike in The New Yorker, Christopher Lehmann-Haupt in the New York Times, and Marshall McLuhan in the Toronto Globe and Mail. Articles on Jaynes's theory appeared in Time[5] magazine and Psychology Today[6] in 1977. Jaynes later expanded on the ideas in his book in a series of commentaries in the journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences, in lectures and discussions published in Canadian Psychology, and in Art/World. He wrote an extensive Afterword for the 1990 edition of his book, in which he expanded on his theory and addressed some of the criticisms. More than 30 years later, Jaynes's book is still in print.
Jaynes's theory has been influential to philosophers such as Daniel Dennett,[7] psychologists such as Tim Crow[8] and psychiatrists such as Henry Nasrallah.[9] Jaynes's ideas have also influenced writers such as William S. Burroughs,[10] Neal Stephenson,[11] Robert J. Sawyer,[12] Philip K. Dick,[13] and Ken Wilber. Jaynes's theory inspired the investigation of auditory hallucinations by researchers such as psychologist Thomas Posey[14] and clinical psychologist John Hamilton,[15] which ultimately has led to a rethinking of the association of auditory hallucinations and mental illness.[16] Jaynes's theory has been cited in thousands of both scientific and popular books and articles.[17]
In the late 1990s, Jaynes's ideas received renewed attention as brain imaging technology confirmed many of his early predictions.[18][19] A 2007 book titled Reflections on the Dawn of Consciousness: Julian Jaynes's Bicameral Mind Theory Revisited contains several of Jaynes's essays along with chapters by scholars from a variety of disciplines expanding on his ideas.[20] At the April 2008 "Toward a Science of Consciousness" Conference held in Tucson, Arizona, Marcel Kuijsten (Executive Director and Founder of the Julian Jaynes Society) and Brian J. McVeigh (University of Arizona) hosted a workshop devoted to Jaynesian psychology. At the same conference, a panel devoted to Jaynes was also held, with John Limber (University of New Hampshire), Marcel Kuijsten, John Hainly (Southern University), Scott Greer (University of Prince Edward Island), and Brian J. McVeigh presenting relevant research. At the same conference the philosopher Jan Sleutels (Leiden University) presented on Jaynesian psychology. A 2012 book titled The Julian Jaynes Collection gathers together many of the lectures and articles by Jaynes relevant to his theory (including some that were previously unpublished), along with interviews and question and answer sessions where Jaynes addresses misconceptions about the theory and extends the theory into new areas.[21] Jaynes' book is mentioned in Richard Dawkins' 2006 work The God Delusion: "It is one of those books that is either complete rubbish or a work of consummate genius, nothing in between! Probably the former, but I'm hedging my bets."
Controversy[edit]
See also: Bicameralism (psychology)
In general, Jaynes is respected as a psychologist and a historian of psychology. The views expressed in The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind employ a radical neuroscientific hypothesis that was based on research novel at the time, and which is not now considered to be biologically probable. However, the more general idea of a "divided self" has found support from psychological and neurological studies, and many of the historical arguments made in the book remain intriguing, if not yet proven.[22]
An early criticism by philosopher Ned Block argued that Jaynes had confused the emergence of consciousness with the emergence of the concept of consciousness. In other words, according to Block, humans were conscious all along but did not have the concept of consciousness and thus did not discuss it in their texts. Daniel Dennett countered that for some things, such as money, baseball, or consciousness, one cannot have the thing without also having the concept of the thing.[23] Moreover, it is arguable that Block misinterpreted the nature of what Jaynes claimed to be a social construction.[24][25]
Bibliography[edit]
(Contributor) W. S. Dillon, editor, Man and Beast: Comparative Social Behavior, Smithsonian Institution (Washington, DC), 1970.
(Contributor) C. C. Gillespie and others, editors, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Scribner (New York, NY), 1970.
Henle, Mary; Jaynes, Julian; Sullivan, John J. Historical conceptions of psychology. Oxford, England: Springer. 1973.
The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind, Houghton (Boston, MA), 1977, republished with a new afterword by the author, 1990.
(Editor, with others) The Lateralization of the Nervous System, Academic Press, 1977.
Contributor of over forty articles to psychology journals, including Psychological Review
Journal of Comparative Physiology and Psychology
American Naturalist
American Scientist
Behavior
Contemporary Psychology
Developmental Psychology[1]

See also[edit]
Bronze Age collapse, speculated by Jaynes to have been the ultimate cause of the breakdown of bicamerality
Notes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Julian Jaynes". Contemporary Authors Online (FEE, VIA FAIRFAX COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY). Detroit: Gale. 2005. Gale Document Number: GALE|H1000050073. Retrieved 2013-11-23. Biography in Context. (subscription required)
2.Jump up ^ Jaynes, Julian (2000) [1976]. The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind (PDF). Houghton Mifflin. p. 99. ISBN 0-618-05707-2.
3.Jump up ^ Jaynes, Julian (2000) [1976]. The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind (PDF). Houghton Mifflin. p. 198. ISBN 0-618-05707-2.
4.Jump up ^ Kuijsten, Marcel (2007). Reflections on the Dawn of Consciousness: Julian Jaynes's Bicameral Mind Theory Revisited. Julian Jaynes Society. 13–68. ISBN 0-9790744-0-1. Retrieved 2013-11-24.
5.Jump up ^ Leo, John (1977). "The Lost Voices of the Gods". Time 14.
6.Jump up ^ Keen, Sam (November 1977). "Julian Jaynes: Portrait of the Psychologist as a Maverick Theorizer". Psychology Today 11.
7.Jump up ^ Dennett, Daniel (1992). Consciousness Explained. Back Bay Books.
8.Jump up ^ Crow, Tim (2005). "Right Hemisphere Language Functions and Schizophrenia: The Forgotten Hemisphere". Brain 128 (5): 963–78. doi:10.1093/brain/awh466. PMID 15743870.
9.Jump up ^ Nasrallah, Henry (1985). "The Unintegrated Right Cerebral Hemispheric Consciousness as Alien Intruder: A Possible Mechanism for Schneiderian Delusions in Schizophrenia". Comprehensive Psychiatry 26 (3): 273–82. doi:10.1016/0010-440X(85)90072-0. PMID 3995938.
10.Jump up ^ Burroughs, William S. "Sects and Death." Three Fisted Tales of Bob. Ed. Rev. Ivan Stang. Fireside, 1990. ISBN 0-671-67190-1
11.Jump up ^ Stephenson, Neal (1992). Snow Crash. Bantam Books.
12.Jump up ^ Sawyer, Robert (2009). WWW: Wake. Ace.
13.Jump up ^ Dick, Philip (1977). A Scanner Darkly. Doubleday.
14.Jump up ^ Posey, Thomas (1983). "Auditory Hallucinations of Hearing Voices in 375 Normal Subjects". Imagination, Cognition, and Personality 3.
15.Jump up ^ Hamilton, John (1988). "Auditory Hallucinations in Nonverbal Quadriplegics". Psychiatry 48 (4): 382–92. PMID 4070517.
16.Jump up ^ Smith, Daniel (2007). Muses, Madmen, and Prophets: Rethinking the History, Science, and Meaning of Auditory Hallucination. Penguin Press.
17.Jump up ^ "Google Books". Google. Retrieved Feb 2011.
18.Jump up ^ Olin, Robert (1999). "Auditory Hallucinations and the Bicameral Mind". Lancet 354 (9173): 166. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)75304-6. PMID 10408523.
19.Jump up ^ Sher, Leo (2000). "Neuroimaging, Auditory Hallucinations, and the Bicameral Mind". Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience 25 (3).
20.Jump up ^ Kuijsten, Marcel (2007). Reflections on the Dawn of Consciousness: Julian Jaynes's Bicameral Mind Theory Revisited. Julian Jaynes Society. ISBN 0-9790744-0-1.
21.Jump up ^ Kuijsten, Marcel (2012). The Julian Jaynes Collection. Julian Jaynes Society. ISBN 978-0979074424.
22.Jump up ^ "The "bicameral mind" 30 years on: a critical reappraisal of Julian Jaynes' hypothesis.". Functional Neurology. 2007.
23.Jump up ^ Daniel Dennett, op. cit., at pp. 127-128 in Brainstorms
24.Jump up ^ Sleutels, Jan (2006). "Greek Zombies". Philosophical Psychology 19 (2): 177–197. doi:10.1080/09515080500462412.
25.Jump up ^ Williams, Gary (2010). "What is it like to be nonconscious? A defense of Julian Jaynes". Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Julian Jaynes
Julian Jaynes Society
The Origin of consciousness..: Summary, selected quotes and review
Neuroimaging, Auditory Hallucinations, and the Bicameral Mind by Leo Sher, MD]
Schizophrenic Process and The Emergence of Consciousness in Recent History: The Significance for Psychotherapy of Julian Jaynes by Heward Wilkinson
What It Feels Like To Hear Voices: Fond Memories of Julian Jaynes. Biennial Julian Jaynes Conference on Consciousness, 7-9 August 2008, University of Prince Edward Island by Stevan Harnad


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WorldCat ·
 VIAF: 56624 ·
 LCCN: n91054848 ·
 ISNI: 0000 0001 1019 7204 ·
 GND: 143239309 ·
 BNF: cb121938890 (data) ·
 NDL: 00993084
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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G. Vincent Runyon

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G. Vincent Runyon was an American Universalist, formally Methodist minister and author of the booklet, Why I Left the Ministry and Became an Atheist (San Diego, 1959).[1] He was from 1929 a Universalist Church minister at Binghamton, New York.[2] His booklet was reviewed in The New York Times Book Review.[3]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ America's decline: the education of a conservative Revilo Pendleton Oliver - 1981 "... Mr. G. Vincent Runyon, in his well-known booklet, Why I Left the Ministry and Became an Atheist (San Diego, 1959), says that until he was thirty-seven "No man walked and talked with God more than I. God was my constant companion. ..."
2.Jump up ^ The Universalist leader: Volume 32, Issue 15 1929 G. Vincent Runyon. Mr. and Mrs. Petty will live at 131 Front Street, Binghamton, NY Mrs. Petty Runyon is the daughter of the late Rev. J. H. Ballou. Kansas Hutchinson. — Rev. HC Ledyard,
3.Jump up ^ The New York times book review: Volume 71 1966 WHY I LEFT THI MINISTRY AND BECAME AN ATHEIST, by G. Vincent Runyon, Paper, 57 p., $1.00. This courageous preacher discovered that religion was not factual, and quit his high paid job rather than preach what he believed to be false. ..."
  


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G. Vincent Runyon

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Jump to: navigation, search

G. Vincent Runyon was an American Universalist, formally Methodist minister and author of the booklet, Why I Left the Ministry and Became an Atheist (San Diego, 1959).[1] He was from 1929 a Universalist Church minister at Binghamton, New York.[2] His booklet was reviewed in The New York Times Book Review.[3]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ America's decline: the education of a conservative Revilo Pendleton Oliver - 1981 "... Mr. G. Vincent Runyon, in his well-known booklet, Why I Left the Ministry and Became an Atheist (San Diego, 1959), says that until he was thirty-seven "No man walked and talked with God more than I. God was my constant companion. ..."
2.Jump up ^ The Universalist leader: Volume 32, Issue 15 1929 G. Vincent Runyon. Mr. and Mrs. Petty will live at 131 Front Street, Binghamton, NY Mrs. Petty Runyon is the daughter of the late Rev. J. H. Ballou. Kansas Hutchinson. — Rev. HC Ledyard,
3.Jump up ^ The New York times book review: Volume 71 1966 WHY I LEFT THI MINISTRY AND BECAME AN ATHEIST, by G. Vincent Runyon, Paper, 57 p., $1.00. This courageous preacher discovered that religion was not factual, and quit his high paid job rather than preach what he believed to be false. ..."
  


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A.D.Thompson

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[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.




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A.D.Thompson is a literary critic and author residing in San Francisco. He is a Unitarian Universalist minister-in-training at Berkeley Graduate Theological Union. He is also a translator for Language and Culture. Before returning to the U.S. in 2008, Thompson was professor at Thammasat University in Thailand. He was previously professor at Suzhou University in China. He also taught at Rice University and SUNY, and taught a course at Starr King School for Ministry in Spring, 2009.
Thompson, of Diner Dharma fame, created the State of Euphoria (OuLiPo) identity for the new Bangkok Writers Guild. Thompson went on to win NaNoWriMo with the support of the Guild and the resultant novel Wolf Incident is in negotiations to be added to the list of Apocryphile Press.
Other founding authors of the Guild include Gary Dale Cearley the author of Thou Shalt Not Bear False Witness: The Truth About the Vatican and the Birth of Islam’ and Voicu Minhea Simandan.
The popular Thai collection Bangkok Blonds was a critical feminist response to sex-pat 'literature' by a later member of the Bangkok Writers Guild.[1]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://bkkwriters.googlepages.com/



 
 
 
 
 
 
 



Stub icon This article about an American writer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.




  


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A.D.Thompson

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[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.




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A.D.Thompson is a literary critic and author residing in San Francisco. He is a Unitarian Universalist minister-in-training at Berkeley Graduate Theological Union. He is also a translator for Language and Culture. Before returning to the U.S. in 2008, Thompson was professor at Thammasat University in Thailand. He was previously professor at Suzhou University in China. He also taught at Rice University and SUNY, and taught a course at Starr King School for Ministry in Spring, 2009.
Thompson, of Diner Dharma fame, created the State of Euphoria (OuLiPo) identity for the new Bangkok Writers Guild. Thompson went on to win NaNoWriMo with the support of the Guild and the resultant novel Wolf Incident is in negotiations to be added to the list of Apocryphile Press.
Other founding authors of the Guild include Gary Dale Cearley the author of Thou Shalt Not Bear False Witness: The Truth About the Vatican and the Birth of Islam’ and Voicu Minhea Simandan.
The popular Thai collection Bangkok Blonds was a critical feminist response to sex-pat 'literature' by a later member of the Bangkok Writers Guild.[1]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://bkkwriters.googlepages.com/



 
 
 
 
 
 
 



Stub icon This article about an American writer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.




  


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Karen I. Tse

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Karen I. Tse is a human rights defender and social entrepreneur.
An international human rights attorney and ordained Unitarian Universalist minister, [1] Reverend Karen I. Tse works with Rule of Law initiatives across the globe. Tse received her Master's degree from Harvard University School of Divinity, and received her J.D. degree from the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Law. She obtained her Bachelor's degree from Scripps College. [2]
In 2000, Tse founded International Bridges to Justice, a non-profit organization which aims to eradicate torture in the 21st century and protect due process rights for accused people throughout the world.[3]BJ is dedicated to protecting the legal rights of everyday citizens in developing countries, and has a special focus on the indigent accused. The organization focuses on institutionalizing defender practices by training public defenders, or legal aid lawyers, in countries where their help is needed. IBJ has expanded to countries throughout Africa and Asia, including Rwanda, Burundi, China, Cambodia, India, and Zimbabwe.
As a social entrepreneur, Tse is supported by the Skoll,[1] Echoing Green and Ashoka foundations.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Karen Tse Skoll Foundation
2.Jump up ^ Karen Tse, Working Mother
3.Jump up ^ Karen Tse Speaker TED.com I
External links[edit]
International Bridges to Justice
Profile at Ashoka.org
Profile at EchoingGreen.org
Karen Tse Receives 2008 ABA International Human Rights Award
Karen Tse Profiled in Forbes: "The Dreamer"
CNN Video: Philanthropy and the Economy
TED Talks: Karen Tse: How to stop torture



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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Karen I. Tse

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Karen I. Tse is a human rights defender and social entrepreneur.
An international human rights attorney and ordained Unitarian Universalist minister, [1] Reverend Karen I. Tse works with Rule of Law initiatives across the globe. Tse received her Master's degree from Harvard University School of Divinity, and received her J.D. degree from the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Law. She obtained her Bachelor's degree from Scripps College. [2]
In 2000, Tse founded International Bridges to Justice, a non-profit organization which aims to eradicate torture in the 21st century and protect due process rights for accused people throughout the world.[3]BJ is dedicated to protecting the legal rights of everyday citizens in developing countries, and has a special focus on the indigent accused. The organization focuses on institutionalizing defender practices by training public defenders, or legal aid lawyers, in countries where their help is needed. IBJ has expanded to countries throughout Africa and Asia, including Rwanda, Burundi, China, Cambodia, India, and Zimbabwe.
As a social entrepreneur, Tse is supported by the Skoll,[1] Echoing Green and Ashoka foundations.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Karen Tse Skoll Foundation
2.Jump up ^ Karen Tse, Working Mother
3.Jump up ^ Karen Tse Speaker TED.com I
External links[edit]
International Bridges to Justice
Profile at Ashoka.org
Profile at EchoingGreen.org
Karen Tse Receives 2008 ABA International Human Rights Award
Karen Tse Profiled in Forbes: "The Dreamer"
CNN Video: Philanthropy and the Economy
TED Talks: Karen Tse: How to stop torture



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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David Chernushenko

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David Chernushenko
Chernushenko.jpg
Ottawa City Councillor
Incumbent
Assumed office
 December 1, 2010
Preceded by
Clive Doucet
Constituency
Capital Ward
Personal details

Born
June 1963
Calgary, Alberta
Political party
Non-aligned
Green Party of Canada
Green Party of Ontario
Religion
Unitarian Universalism
David Chernushenko (born June 1963 in Calgary, Alberta) is a politician, professional speaker, sustainability consultant and documentary filmmaker in Ontario, Canada. He was elected to Ottawa City Council in the 2010 municipal election and re-elected for a second term in 2014. He is the former senior deputy to the leader of the Green Party of Canada, and a former leadership contestant for that party.
A graduate of Queen's University (Political Science) and alumnus of Cambridge University (International Relations), Chernushenko has worked for the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT) and the United Nations Environment Programme.[1] He has served on committees and boards of local housing and environment groups, schools and health advisory bodies.[2]
Chernushenko is a “green building” professional accredited by the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification program. As owner of the consulting firm Green & Gold Inc. since 1998, he has advised public, private, and non-profit organizations on adopting more sustainable and socially responsible practices.
From 1998 to 2004, Chernushenko served on the International Olympic Committee’s commission on Sport and the Environment. He has written several books on sustainable management practices, including Sustainable Sport Management (UNEP, 2001) and Greening Our Games: Running Sports Events & Facilities that Won't Cost the Earth (Centurion, 1994), and the electronic publication Greening Campuses and their Communities (IISD/ACCC/UNEP, 1996). In 2001, he co-founded Clean Air Champions, a national charity that engages athletes in raising awareness about air pollution, climate change and the benefits of physical activity in Canada. He is a director of the Sustainable Ottawa Energy Co-operative.
He was the Green Party candidate for Ottawa Centre in the 2004 federal election. He finished fourth with 4,730 votes (8%), receiving more votes than any other Green candidate in Ottawa. He ran again in Ottawa Centre in the 2006 federal election and again came fourth, losing to Paul Dewar from the New Democratic Party (NDP). Chernushenko received 6,766 votes (10.2%), the highest vote count of any Green Party candidate in Canada the 2006 election. He passed the 10% threshold, thus becoming eligible for partial government reimbursement of campaign expenditures. Chernushenko was endorsed by the Ottawa Citizen newspaper in both the 2004 and 2006 elections.[3] He also ran as the Green Party candidate in Ottawa South in the 2003 Ontario general election.
On November 10, 2006, Prime Minister Stephen Harper appointed Chernushenko to Canada's National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy, a non-partisan panel that advises the federal government on environmental policy, and works to promote the integrated pursuit of excellence in environmental, social and economic practices in Canada’s public, private and civil society sectors. Chernushenko served as a member on the NRTEE from 2006 to 2009, and served as vice-chair in 2008-2009.
Chernushenko resigned as deputy leader of the Green Party in July 2007 in order to devote more time to his international consulting business and the NRTEE, and to make documentary films.[4] Since then, he has launched the Living Lightly multimedia project and produced three documentaries, titled Be the Change (2008), Powerful: Energy for Everyone (2010)[5] and Bike City, Great City (2013).[6]
Chernushenko ran as City Councillor for Capital Ward in the 2010 Ottawa municipal election.[7] He won with 41.34% of the vote.[8] He is running for re-election in 2014.[9]


Contents  [hide]
1 2006 Green Party leadership bid
2 Works
3 Electoral record
4 References
5 External links

2006 Green Party leadership bid[edit]
On March 30, 2006, David Chernushenko announced his bid for the leadership of the Green Party of Canada.[10] He was seen as a party insider,[citation needed] close to the positions of previous leader Jim Harris, in contrast to Elizabeth May, who was seen as more of a traditional activist. Chernushenko received 33.38% of the votes in the election, losing to May.[11] Since that time, Chernushenko has been critical of Ms May's leadership of the party, and has publicly spoken out about her mixed messages surrounding strategic voting in the 2008 federal election, an issue that some party insiders blamed for the Greens' lower-than-expected results in that election.[12]
Works[edit]
Chernushenko, David; Anna Van der Kamp (2001). Sustainable Sport Management: Running an Environmentally, Socially and Economically Responsible Organization. United Nations Environment Programme. ISBN 92-807-2072-4.
Chernushenko, David (1994). Greening our games : running sports events and facilities that won't cost the Earth. Ottawa: Centurion Publishing & Marketing. ISBN 0-9697571-5-8.
Electoral record[edit]
Running in Capital Ward:

2010 Ottawa Municipal Election - Councillor

Candidate
Votes
%
David Chernushenko 5335 41.34
Isabel Metcalfe 2515 19.49
Bob Brocklebank 2207 17.10
Domenic Santaguida 1475 11.43
Eugene Haslam 1084 8.40
Ron Le Blanc 243 1.88
Mano Hadavand 46 0.36

Ottawa Centre - Canadian federal election, 2006

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
 New Democratic Paul Dewar 24,611 36.93 -4.12
 Liberal Richard Mahoney 19,458 29.20 -1.87
 Conservative Keith Fountain 15,126 22.70 +3.67
 Green David Chernushenko 6,766 10.15 +2.61
 Marijuana John Akpata 386 0.58 -0.14
 Independent Anwar Syed 121 0.18 
 Communist Stuart Ryan 102 0.15 +0.01
 Marxist–Leninist Christian Legeais 68 0.10 -0.02
Total valid votes 66,638 100.00




[hide] v ·
 t ·
 e
   Canadian federal election, 2004: Ottawa Centre

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Expenditures
 New Democratic Ed Broadbent 25,734 41.05% $75,600.35
 Liberal Richard Mahoney 19,478 31.07% $77,325.72
 Conservative Mike Murphy 11,933 19.03% $37,895.42
 Green David Chernushenko 4,730 7.54% $24,313.40
 Marijuana Michael Foster 455 0.72% –
 Independent Robert Gauthier 121 0.19% –
 Communist Stuart Ryan 90 0.14 $379.63
 Canadian Action Carla Marie Dancey 76 0.12% –
 Marxist–Leninist Louis Lang 67 0.10% –
Total valid votes 62,684 100.00%
Total rejected ballots 270
Turnout 62,954 70.35%

Ontario general election, 2003: Ottawa South

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
     Liberal Dalton McGuinty 24,647 51.7 +2.1
     Progressive Conservative Richard Raymond 16,413 34.4 -5.8
     New Democratic Party James McLaren 4,306 9.0 +3.2
 Green David Chernushenko 1,741 3.7 +2.1
 Family Coalition John Pacheco 562 1.2 –
Total
47,669



References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Chernushenko, David; Anna van der Kamp (2001). Sustainable Sport Management: Running an Environmentally, Socially and Economically Responsible Organization. United Nations Environment Programme. ISBN 92-807-2072-4.
2.Jump up ^ "My Walk". Ottawa Greens.
3.Jump up ^ "Chernushenko, again". Ottawa Citizen. 2006-01-20.
4.Jump up ^ "Good Green will be missed", Ottawa Citizen, July 10, 2007
5.Jump up ^ Silven, Kirsten E. (27 May 2011). "Film Review - Powerful: Energy for Everyone". Earth Times. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
6.Jump up ^ "Chernushenko premiers film encouraging a more bike-friendly Ottawa". Ottawa Citizen. 9 July 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
7.Jump up ^ "Chernushenko running for city council seat", CBC News, June 18, 2010
8.Jump up ^ [1] City of Ottawa: Official Results — Election 2010
9.Jump up ^ http://ottawa.ca/en/city-hall/your-city-government/elections/councillor. Missing or empty |title= (help); 
10.Jump up ^ "Chernushenko announces Green Party leadership bid". CBC Ottawa. 2006-03-30.[dead link]
11.Jump up ^ "Renegotiate NAFTA, new Green party leader says". CBC News. 2006-08-26.
12.Jump up ^ "May fends off calls for her resignation". The Glode and Mail. 2008-10-17.
External links[edit]
2014 campaign website
Councillor's website


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David Chernushenko

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David Chernushenko
Chernushenko.jpg
Ottawa City Councillor
Incumbent
Assumed office
 December 1, 2010
Preceded by
Clive Doucet
Constituency
Capital Ward
Personal details

Born
June 1963
Calgary, Alberta
Political party
Non-aligned
Green Party of Canada
Green Party of Ontario
Religion
Unitarian Universalism
David Chernushenko (born June 1963 in Calgary, Alberta) is a politician, professional speaker, sustainability consultant and documentary filmmaker in Ontario, Canada. He was elected to Ottawa City Council in the 2010 municipal election and re-elected for a second term in 2014. He is the former senior deputy to the leader of the Green Party of Canada, and a former leadership contestant for that party.
A graduate of Queen's University (Political Science) and alumnus of Cambridge University (International Relations), Chernushenko has worked for the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT) and the United Nations Environment Programme.[1] He has served on committees and boards of local housing and environment groups, schools and health advisory bodies.[2]
Chernushenko is a “green building” professional accredited by the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification program. As owner of the consulting firm Green & Gold Inc. since 1998, he has advised public, private, and non-profit organizations on adopting more sustainable and socially responsible practices.
From 1998 to 2004, Chernushenko served on the International Olympic Committee’s commission on Sport and the Environment. He has written several books on sustainable management practices, including Sustainable Sport Management (UNEP, 2001) and Greening Our Games: Running Sports Events & Facilities that Won't Cost the Earth (Centurion, 1994), and the electronic publication Greening Campuses and their Communities (IISD/ACCC/UNEP, 1996). In 2001, he co-founded Clean Air Champions, a national charity that engages athletes in raising awareness about air pollution, climate change and the benefits of physical activity in Canada. He is a director of the Sustainable Ottawa Energy Co-operative.
He was the Green Party candidate for Ottawa Centre in the 2004 federal election. He finished fourth with 4,730 votes (8%), receiving more votes than any other Green candidate in Ottawa. He ran again in Ottawa Centre in the 2006 federal election and again came fourth, losing to Paul Dewar from the New Democratic Party (NDP). Chernushenko received 6,766 votes (10.2%), the highest vote count of any Green Party candidate in Canada the 2006 election. He passed the 10% threshold, thus becoming eligible for partial government reimbursement of campaign expenditures. Chernushenko was endorsed by the Ottawa Citizen newspaper in both the 2004 and 2006 elections.[3] He also ran as the Green Party candidate in Ottawa South in the 2003 Ontario general election.
On November 10, 2006, Prime Minister Stephen Harper appointed Chernushenko to Canada's National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy, a non-partisan panel that advises the federal government on environmental policy, and works to promote the integrated pursuit of excellence in environmental, social and economic practices in Canada’s public, private and civil society sectors. Chernushenko served as a member on the NRTEE from 2006 to 2009, and served as vice-chair in 2008-2009.
Chernushenko resigned as deputy leader of the Green Party in July 2007 in order to devote more time to his international consulting business and the NRTEE, and to make documentary films.[4] Since then, he has launched the Living Lightly multimedia project and produced three documentaries, titled Be the Change (2008), Powerful: Energy for Everyone (2010)[5] and Bike City, Great City (2013).[6]
Chernushenko ran as City Councillor for Capital Ward in the 2010 Ottawa municipal election.[7] He won with 41.34% of the vote.[8] He is running for re-election in 2014.[9]


Contents  [hide]
1 2006 Green Party leadership bid
2 Works
3 Electoral record
4 References
5 External links

2006 Green Party leadership bid[edit]
On March 30, 2006, David Chernushenko announced his bid for the leadership of the Green Party of Canada.[10] He was seen as a party insider,[citation needed] close to the positions of previous leader Jim Harris, in contrast to Elizabeth May, who was seen as more of a traditional activist. Chernushenko received 33.38% of the votes in the election, losing to May.[11] Since that time, Chernushenko has been critical of Ms May's leadership of the party, and has publicly spoken out about her mixed messages surrounding strategic voting in the 2008 federal election, an issue that some party insiders blamed for the Greens' lower-than-expected results in that election.[12]
Works[edit]
Chernushenko, David; Anna Van der Kamp (2001). Sustainable Sport Management: Running an Environmentally, Socially and Economically Responsible Organization. United Nations Environment Programme. ISBN 92-807-2072-4.
Chernushenko, David (1994). Greening our games : running sports events and facilities that won't cost the Earth. Ottawa: Centurion Publishing & Marketing. ISBN 0-9697571-5-8.
Electoral record[edit]
Running in Capital Ward:

2010 Ottawa Municipal Election - Councillor

Candidate
Votes
%
David Chernushenko 5335 41.34
Isabel Metcalfe 2515 19.49
Bob Brocklebank 2207 17.10
Domenic Santaguida 1475 11.43
Eugene Haslam 1084 8.40
Ron Le Blanc 243 1.88
Mano Hadavand 46 0.36

Ottawa Centre - Canadian federal election, 2006

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
 New Democratic Paul Dewar 24,611 36.93 -4.12
 Liberal Richard Mahoney 19,458 29.20 -1.87
 Conservative Keith Fountain 15,126 22.70 +3.67
 Green David Chernushenko 6,766 10.15 +2.61
 Marijuana John Akpata 386 0.58 -0.14
 Independent Anwar Syed 121 0.18 
 Communist Stuart Ryan 102 0.15 +0.01
 Marxist–Leninist Christian Legeais 68 0.10 -0.02
Total valid votes 66,638 100.00




[hide] v ·
 t ·
 e
   Canadian federal election, 2004: Ottawa Centre

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Expenditures
 New Democratic Ed Broadbent 25,734 41.05% $75,600.35
 Liberal Richard Mahoney 19,478 31.07% $77,325.72
 Conservative Mike Murphy 11,933 19.03% $37,895.42
 Green David Chernushenko 4,730 7.54% $24,313.40
 Marijuana Michael Foster 455 0.72% –
 Independent Robert Gauthier 121 0.19% –
 Communist Stuart Ryan 90 0.14 $379.63
 Canadian Action Carla Marie Dancey 76 0.12% –
 Marxist–Leninist Louis Lang 67 0.10% –
Total valid votes 62,684 100.00%
Total rejected ballots 270
Turnout 62,954 70.35%

Ontario general election, 2003: Ottawa South

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
     Liberal Dalton McGuinty 24,647 51.7 +2.1
     Progressive Conservative Richard Raymond 16,413 34.4 -5.8
     New Democratic Party James McLaren 4,306 9.0 +3.2
 Green David Chernushenko 1,741 3.7 +2.1
 Family Coalition John Pacheco 562 1.2 –
Total
47,669



References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Chernushenko, David; Anna van der Kamp (2001). Sustainable Sport Management: Running an Environmentally, Socially and Economically Responsible Organization. United Nations Environment Programme. ISBN 92-807-2072-4.
2.Jump up ^ "My Walk". Ottawa Greens.
3.Jump up ^ "Chernushenko, again". Ottawa Citizen. 2006-01-20.
4.Jump up ^ "Good Green will be missed", Ottawa Citizen, July 10, 2007
5.Jump up ^ Silven, Kirsten E. (27 May 2011). "Film Review - Powerful: Energy for Everyone". Earth Times. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
6.Jump up ^ "Chernushenko premiers film encouraging a more bike-friendly Ottawa". Ottawa Citizen. 9 July 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
7.Jump up ^ "Chernushenko running for city council seat", CBC News, June 18, 2010
8.Jump up ^ [1] City of Ottawa: Official Results — Election 2010
9.Jump up ^ http://ottawa.ca/en/city-hall/your-city-government/elections/councillor. Missing or empty |title= (help); 
10.Jump up ^ "Chernushenko announces Green Party leadership bid". CBC Ottawa. 2006-03-30.[dead link]
11.Jump up ^ "Renegotiate NAFTA, new Green party leader says". CBC News. 2006-08-26.
12.Jump up ^ "May fends off calls for her resignation". The Glode and Mail. 2008-10-17.
External links[edit]
2014 campaign website
Councillor's website


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Jessica Holmes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the comedian and actor. For former Nickelodeon figure and current television presenter, see Jessica Holmes (television presenter).

Jessica Holmes
JHolmes.jpg
Holmes on set in Toronto, October 2006

Born
August 29, 1973
Ottawa, Ontario
Jessica Holmes (born August 29, 1973) is a Canadian comedian and actress. She is best known for her work with the Royal Canadian Air Farce, which she joined in 2003, after starring in her own show, The Holmes Show in 2002. She is married to actor Scott Yaphe.
Holmes attended Canterbury High School in Ottawa followed by Ryerson University in Toronto.
For one season, Holmes hosted her own show, The Holmes Show. She also appeared on XPM and History Bites.
Holmes is the daughter of a feminist mother and a Mormon father. She joined The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) at age 19; beginning at age 21, for 18 months she was a Mormon missionary in Venezuela. She is no longer a member of the LDS Church. In her comedy, she parodies right wing Christian fundamentalists through her character, Candy Anderson Henderson. She also parodies this by appearing as Sister Bessy, a nun with a thick Scottish accent who comments on politics.
On both The Holmes Show and Air Farce, she has performed caricatures of various celebrities, including Michael Jackson, Celine Dion, Liza Minnelli, Myriam Bedard, Belinda Stronach, Geri Halliwell, Britney Spears, Tim Allen, Jim Carrey and others.
Jessica and Scott have 2 children. Penelope Corrin was her fill-in on Air Farce during Jessica's first maternity leave during the first two months of 2007. She returned to the show in March 2007. Holmes took her second leave during the first few episodes of Air Farce's last season in October 2008, as she gave birth to her second child.
Air Farce left the air as a regular show as of December, 2008. Though the show has broadcast an annual reunion special ever year since, Holmes only participated in the 2010 reunion special.
In 2010, she published a memoir entitled I Love Your Laugh: Finding the Light in My Screwball Life.
References[edit]
"Jessica Holmes on laughter and love", Canadian Health & Lifestyle
Sarah Hampson, "Did you hear the one about the Mormon comedian?", The Globe and Mail, 2012-09-06.
Nancy J. White, "Comedian Jessica Holmes on family dinners, postpartum depression and not being a supermom", The Toronto Star, 2012-08-03
External links[edit]
Official website
Jessica Holmes at the Internet Movie Database


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Albums
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Jessica Holmes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the comedian and actor. For former Nickelodeon figure and current television presenter, see Jessica Holmes (television presenter).

Jessica Holmes
JHolmes.jpg
Holmes on set in Toronto, October 2006

Born
August 29, 1973
Ottawa, Ontario
Jessica Holmes (born August 29, 1973) is a Canadian comedian and actress. She is best known for her work with the Royal Canadian Air Farce, which she joined in 2003, after starring in her own show, The Holmes Show in 2002. She is married to actor Scott Yaphe.
Holmes attended Canterbury High School in Ottawa followed by Ryerson University in Toronto.
For one season, Holmes hosted her own show, The Holmes Show. She also appeared on XPM and History Bites.
Holmes is the daughter of a feminist mother and a Mormon father. She joined The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) at age 19; beginning at age 21, for 18 months she was a Mormon missionary in Venezuela. She is no longer a member of the LDS Church. In her comedy, she parodies right wing Christian fundamentalists through her character, Candy Anderson Henderson. She also parodies this by appearing as Sister Bessy, a nun with a thick Scottish accent who comments on politics.
On both The Holmes Show and Air Farce, she has performed caricatures of various celebrities, including Michael Jackson, Celine Dion, Liza Minnelli, Myriam Bedard, Belinda Stronach, Geri Halliwell, Britney Spears, Tim Allen, Jim Carrey and others.
Jessica and Scott have 2 children. Penelope Corrin was her fill-in on Air Farce during Jessica's first maternity leave during the first two months of 2007. She returned to the show in March 2007. Holmes took her second leave during the first few episodes of Air Farce's last season in October 2008, as she gave birth to her second child.
Air Farce left the air as a regular show as of December, 2008. Though the show has broadcast an annual reunion special ever year since, Holmes only participated in the 2010 reunion special.
In 2010, she published a memoir entitled I Love Your Laugh: Finding the Light in My Screwball Life.
References[edit]
"Jessica Holmes on laughter and love", Canadian Health & Lifestyle
Sarah Hampson, "Did you hear the one about the Mormon comedian?", The Globe and Mail, 2012-09-06.
Nancy J. White, "Comedian Jessica Holmes on family dinners, postpartum depression and not being a supermom", The Toronto Star, 2012-08-03
External links[edit]
Official website
Jessica Holmes at the Internet Movie Database


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
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Royal Canadian Air Farce


Programs
Royal Canadian Air Farce ·
 Air Farce Live ·
 Krazy House
 

Cast
Present: Don Ferguson ·  Luba Goy ·  Craig Lauzon ·  Alan Park ·  Penelope Corrin ·  Darryl Hinds ·  Aisha Alfa Past members: Roger Abbott ·  Dave Broadfoot ·  Martin Bronstein ·  Barbara Budd ·  Jessica Holmes ·  John Morgan ·  Arnold Pinnock (specials) 

Albums
The Air Farce Comedy Album ·
 Air Farce Live
 

Related articles
CBC
 






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Categories: 1973 births
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Bruce Hyer

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Bruce T. Hyer
MP
Bruce Long.jpg
Member of the Canadian Parliament
 for Thunder Bay—Superior North
Incumbent
Assumed office
 2008
Preceded by
Joe Comuzzi
Personal details

Born
August 6, 1946 (age 68)
Hartford, Connecticut
Political party
Green Party of Canada
Other political
 affiliations
New Democratic Party (2004-2012)
Independent (2012-2013)
Spouse(s)
Margaret Wanlin
Residence
Thunder Bay, Ontario
Profession
ecologist, businessman
Religion
Unitarian Universalist[1]
Bruce Tolhurst Hyer[2] MP (born August 6, 1946) is a Canadian politician, currently the deputy leader of the Green Party of Canada and the Member of Parliament for Thunder Bay—Superior North. Hyer was first elected in the 2008 Canadian federal election, and re-elected with a wider margin in the 2011 federal election.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Early career
3 Political career 3.1 First term
3.2 Second term
3.3 Green Party
4 Electoral record
5 References
6 External links

Early life[edit]
Hyer was born in Hartford, Connecticut, United States in 1946.[3] He graduated in 1964 from Hall High School as a Republican.[4] In Willimantic, Connecticut he worked as a police officer, using his knowledge of Spanish to conduct outreach to the Hispanic community. After graduating from Central Connecticut State University, Hyer helped to create the Connecticut State Department of Environmental Protection, where as a Senior Environmental Analyst, he worked on water and air pollution, land use planning, and was in charge of pesticide registration. He played a key role in banning (DDT) and many other of the “dirty dozen” chlorinated pesticides, and ended the spraying of non-selective chemical insecticides in unmanaged forests. At age 29, he moved to Canada to live in the wilderness 40 km (25 miles) west of Armstrong Station, Ontario.[5] Hyer lived for two years mostly off the land in the Canadian wilderness; first in a tipi and later in a log cabin he constructed himself[6] In 1978 he moved to Thunder Bay, where he started a retail outdoor and camera store called WildWaters Wilderness Shop. He married Margaret Wanlin in 1993. Their son Michael was born in 1995.[5]
Early career[edit]
Hyer has had a number of vocations and avocations, including consultant, wilderness guide, log building and whitewater canoeing instructor, biologist, teacher (high school, college, university), bush pilot, and land use planner. From the beginnings of his days in Canada, Hyer acted as a biologist and entrepreneur in the Thunder Bay area, operating an ecotourist company with offices in Thunder Bay and Armstrong. As one of the early tourist operators in the area, Hyer also headed the North of Superior Tourism Board for many years. He received a Master of Science degree in Forestry from Lakehead University in 1997 for his scientific work on the effects of human disturbance on woodland caribou. This work was partially supported by Buchanan Forest Products Limited.[7]Throughout this period, Hyer worked as a consultant in biodiversity, wildlife biology, and ecotourism, including traveling to Japan in 2004 to work with the government of Akita Prefecture on the protection and ecotourism planning for of one of Japan's last undammed rivers, the Omonogawa.
Political career[edit]
Hyer began his professional political career in 2003. In the 2004 election, Hyer almost doubled the vote share received by the NDP and advanced their standing to second place. In the following election in 2006, Hyer came even closer, falling short of the liberal incumbent Joe Comuzzi by only 408 votes. In 2008, Hyer was elected to the 40th Canadian Parliament with a 9% lead over the Liberals.
First term[edit]
After taking his seat in October, 2008, Hyer started work on climate change legislation. On February 10, 2009, Hyer tabled Bill C-311[8] the Climate Change Accountability Act (Bill C-311) as his first private member's bill in the House of Commons. The bill was passed by the House of Commons in a minority Conservative government at 3rd Reading on May 5, 2010 with 149 votes for and 136 votes against.[9] It was defeated on November 16, 2010 by a vote of 43 to 32 in the Conservative-controlled Senate; to date, this remains the only bill in Canada's parliamentary history to be passed in the House Of Commons, only to be defeated in the Senate.[10][11] Other bills Hyer has introduced include Bill C-312 the Made in Canada Act,[12] the Cell Phone Freedom Act (Bill C-560)[13] and a number of motions including the Northwest Ontario Passenger Rail Motion,[14] which mandates the return of Via Rail service to the North shore of Lake Superior and to Thunder Bay. Hyer served as the NDP's small business and tourism critic from 2008 to 2011.
Second term[edit]
In the 2011 Canadian election, Hyer was re-elected with 49.8% of the vote, besting his nearest opponent by more than 7000 votes. Following his re-election, the issue of the long gun registry was tabled in the House of Commons. As he had promised voters over four elections, Hyer voted in favour of ending the registration of hunting rifles and shotguns, given that all legal firearm owners were already licensed and registered themselves under the PAL (Possession and Acquisition License). This move was viewed unfavourably within the NDP, even though firearm registration was not mentioned in party policies or platforms. As a result of his decision, Hyer was stripped of his critic roles, barred from international travel on House business and was no longer given the opportunity to speak in the house. On April 23, 2012 Hyer announced he would sit as an independent, which he remained for a year and a half.[15]
Green Party[edit]
On December 13, 2013, Hyer announced that he would join the Green Party of Canada, doubling the number of members the party has in the House of Commons by joining fellow American and leader of the party, Elizabeth May.[16][17] Hyer gave as reasoning for his decision that: the Green Party has the best leader and platform; and that they are the only party in Parliament that is truly democratic, allowing Green MPs to put their constituents and conscience before party control. One year later, on December 13, 2014 Hyer was acclaimed as the Thunder Bay-Superior North Green Party candidate for the 2015 election.
Electoral record[edit]

[hide]Canadian federal election, 2011

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
∆%
Expenditures
 New Democratic Bruce Hyer 18,303 49.8% +12.8 –
 Conservative Richard Harvey 10,932 29.8% +3.0% –
 Liberal Yves Fricot 6,107 16.6 -11.7% –
 Green Scot Kyle 1,115 3.0% -3.9% –
 Marijuana Denis Andrew Carrière 266 0.7% -0.2% –
Total valid votes 36,723 100.0%

[hide]Canadian federal election, 2008

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
∆%
 New Democratic Bruce Hyer 13,174 37.0 
 Liberal Don McArthur 10,083 28.3 
 Conservative Bev Sarafin 9,556 26.8 
 Green Brendan Hughes 2,463 6.9 
 Marijuana Denis A. Carrière 327 0.9 
Total valid votes 35,603

[hide]Canadian federal election, 2006

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
∆%
 Liberal Joe Comuzzi 13,983 36.0% 
 New Democratic Bruce Hyer 13,575 34.9% 
 Conservative Bev Sarafin 8,575 22.1% 
 Green Dawn Kannegiesser 2,241 5.8% 
 Marijuana Denis A. Carrière 487 1.3% 
Total valid votes 38,861

[hide]Canadian federal election, 2004

Party
Candidate
Votes
 Liberal Joe Comuzzi 15,022
 New Democratic Bruce Hyer 10,230
 Conservative Bev Sarafin 7,394
 Green Carl Rose 1,614
 Marijuana Denis A. Carrière 645
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ [1]
2.Jump up ^ http://bolt.lakeheadu.ca/~lusec/minutes/s97-0514.htm
3.Jump up ^ Parliamentary Biographies
4.Jump up ^ Berkowitz, Michael. "50th Reunion: Back to School". Huffington Post. Retrieved 16 February 2015.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "Beyond Politics - Catherine Clark interviews Bruce Hyer"
6.Jump up ^ WildWaters Nature Tours - A Small Boy's Log Cabin
7.Jump up ^ Hyer, Bruce (1998). "Experimental Log Hauling Through a Traditional Caribou Wintering Area". Rangifer (10): 256. Retrieved 16 February 2015.
8.Jump up ^ Climate Change Accountability Act http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/LEGISINFO/index.asp?Language=E&query=6747&Session=23&List=toc
9.Jump up ^ http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Doc=40&Language=E&Mode=1&Parl=40&Pub=Hansard&Ses=3#SOB-3144365
10.Jump up ^ http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/SEN/Chamber/403/Debates/065db_2010-11-16-E.htm?Language=E&Parl=40&Ses=3#43
11.Jump up ^ http://brucehyer.ca/meet-bruce
12.Jump up ^ Made in Canada Act http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/LEGISINFO/index.asp?Language=E&query=5716&Session=22&List=toc
13.Jump up ^ Cell Phone Freedom Act http://www2.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Docid=4640240&file=4
14.Jump up ^ Northwest Ontario passenger Rail Motion http://www.ReviveSuperiorRail.ca/
15.Jump up ^ "Bruce Hyer quits NDP caucus to sit as an Independent". CBC News. April 23, 2012. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
16.Jump up ^ "Elizabeth May". wikipedia.com.
17.Jump up ^ "Thunder Bay MP Bruce Hyer joins Green Party, doubles caucus". CBC News. December 13, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
External links[edit]
Bruce Hyer
Bruce Hyer – Parliament of Canada biography


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Bruce Hyer

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Bruce T. Hyer
MP
Bruce Long.jpg
Member of the Canadian Parliament
 for Thunder Bay—Superior North
Incumbent
Assumed office
 2008
Preceded by
Joe Comuzzi
Personal details

Born
August 6, 1946 (age 68)
Hartford, Connecticut
Political party
Green Party of Canada
Other political
 affiliations
New Democratic Party (2004-2012)
Independent (2012-2013)
Spouse(s)
Margaret Wanlin
Residence
Thunder Bay, Ontario
Profession
ecologist, businessman
Religion
Unitarian Universalist[1]
Bruce Tolhurst Hyer[2] MP (born August 6, 1946) is a Canadian politician, currently the deputy leader of the Green Party of Canada and the Member of Parliament for Thunder Bay—Superior North. Hyer was first elected in the 2008 Canadian federal election, and re-elected with a wider margin in the 2011 federal election.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Early career
3 Political career 3.1 First term
3.2 Second term
3.3 Green Party
4 Electoral record
5 References
6 External links

Early life[edit]
Hyer was born in Hartford, Connecticut, United States in 1946.[3] He graduated in 1964 from Hall High School as a Republican.[4] In Willimantic, Connecticut he worked as a police officer, using his knowledge of Spanish to conduct outreach to the Hispanic community. After graduating from Central Connecticut State University, Hyer helped to create the Connecticut State Department of Environmental Protection, where as a Senior Environmental Analyst, he worked on water and air pollution, land use planning, and was in charge of pesticide registration. He played a key role in banning (DDT) and many other of the “dirty dozen” chlorinated pesticides, and ended the spraying of non-selective chemical insecticides in unmanaged forests. At age 29, he moved to Canada to live in the wilderness 40 km (25 miles) west of Armstrong Station, Ontario.[5] Hyer lived for two years mostly off the land in the Canadian wilderness; first in a tipi and later in a log cabin he constructed himself[6] In 1978 he moved to Thunder Bay, where he started a retail outdoor and camera store called WildWaters Wilderness Shop. He married Margaret Wanlin in 1993. Their son Michael was born in 1995.[5]
Early career[edit]
Hyer has had a number of vocations and avocations, including consultant, wilderness guide, log building and whitewater canoeing instructor, biologist, teacher (high school, college, university), bush pilot, and land use planner. From the beginnings of his days in Canada, Hyer acted as a biologist and entrepreneur in the Thunder Bay area, operating an ecotourist company with offices in Thunder Bay and Armstrong. As one of the early tourist operators in the area, Hyer also headed the North of Superior Tourism Board for many years. He received a Master of Science degree in Forestry from Lakehead University in 1997 for his scientific work on the effects of human disturbance on woodland caribou. This work was partially supported by Buchanan Forest Products Limited.[7]Throughout this period, Hyer worked as a consultant in biodiversity, wildlife biology, and ecotourism, including traveling to Japan in 2004 to work with the government of Akita Prefecture on the protection and ecotourism planning for of one of Japan's last undammed rivers, the Omonogawa.
Political career[edit]
Hyer began his professional political career in 2003. In the 2004 election, Hyer almost doubled the vote share received by the NDP and advanced their standing to second place. In the following election in 2006, Hyer came even closer, falling short of the liberal incumbent Joe Comuzzi by only 408 votes. In 2008, Hyer was elected to the 40th Canadian Parliament with a 9% lead over the Liberals.
First term[edit]
After taking his seat in October, 2008, Hyer started work on climate change legislation. On February 10, 2009, Hyer tabled Bill C-311[8] the Climate Change Accountability Act (Bill C-311) as his first private member's bill in the House of Commons. The bill was passed by the House of Commons in a minority Conservative government at 3rd Reading on May 5, 2010 with 149 votes for and 136 votes against.[9] It was defeated on November 16, 2010 by a vote of 43 to 32 in the Conservative-controlled Senate; to date, this remains the only bill in Canada's parliamentary history to be passed in the House Of Commons, only to be defeated in the Senate.[10][11] Other bills Hyer has introduced include Bill C-312 the Made in Canada Act,[12] the Cell Phone Freedom Act (Bill C-560)[13] and a number of motions including the Northwest Ontario Passenger Rail Motion,[14] which mandates the return of Via Rail service to the North shore of Lake Superior and to Thunder Bay. Hyer served as the NDP's small business and tourism critic from 2008 to 2011.
Second term[edit]
In the 2011 Canadian election, Hyer was re-elected with 49.8% of the vote, besting his nearest opponent by more than 7000 votes. Following his re-election, the issue of the long gun registry was tabled in the House of Commons. As he had promised voters over four elections, Hyer voted in favour of ending the registration of hunting rifles and shotguns, given that all legal firearm owners were already licensed and registered themselves under the PAL (Possession and Acquisition License). This move was viewed unfavourably within the NDP, even though firearm registration was not mentioned in party policies or platforms. As a result of his decision, Hyer was stripped of his critic roles, barred from international travel on House business and was no longer given the opportunity to speak in the house. On April 23, 2012 Hyer announced he would sit as an independent, which he remained for a year and a half.[15]
Green Party[edit]
On December 13, 2013, Hyer announced that he would join the Green Party of Canada, doubling the number of members the party has in the House of Commons by joining fellow American and leader of the party, Elizabeth May.[16][17] Hyer gave as reasoning for his decision that: the Green Party has the best leader and platform; and that they are the only party in Parliament that is truly democratic, allowing Green MPs to put their constituents and conscience before party control. One year later, on December 13, 2014 Hyer was acclaimed as the Thunder Bay-Superior North Green Party candidate for the 2015 election.
Electoral record[edit]

[hide]Canadian federal election, 2011

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
∆%
Expenditures
 New Democratic Bruce Hyer 18,303 49.8% +12.8 –
 Conservative Richard Harvey 10,932 29.8% +3.0% –
 Liberal Yves Fricot 6,107 16.6 -11.7% –
 Green Scot Kyle 1,115 3.0% -3.9% –
 Marijuana Denis Andrew Carrière 266 0.7% -0.2% –
Total valid votes 36,723 100.0%

[hide]Canadian federal election, 2008

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
∆%
 New Democratic Bruce Hyer 13,174 37.0 
 Liberal Don McArthur 10,083 28.3 
 Conservative Bev Sarafin 9,556 26.8 
 Green Brendan Hughes 2,463 6.9 
 Marijuana Denis A. Carrière 327 0.9 
Total valid votes 35,603

[hide]Canadian federal election, 2006

Party
Candidate
Votes
%
∆%
 Liberal Joe Comuzzi 13,983 36.0% 
 New Democratic Bruce Hyer 13,575 34.9% 
 Conservative Bev Sarafin 8,575 22.1% 
 Green Dawn Kannegiesser 2,241 5.8% 
 Marijuana Denis A. Carrière 487 1.3% 
Total valid votes 38,861

[hide]Canadian federal election, 2004

Party
Candidate
Votes
 Liberal Joe Comuzzi 15,022
 New Democratic Bruce Hyer 10,230
 Conservative Bev Sarafin 7,394
 Green Carl Rose 1,614
 Marijuana Denis A. Carrière 645
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ [1]
2.Jump up ^ http://bolt.lakeheadu.ca/~lusec/minutes/s97-0514.htm
3.Jump up ^ Parliamentary Biographies
4.Jump up ^ Berkowitz, Michael. "50th Reunion: Back to School". Huffington Post. Retrieved 16 February 2015.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "Beyond Politics - Catherine Clark interviews Bruce Hyer"
6.Jump up ^ WildWaters Nature Tours - A Small Boy's Log Cabin
7.Jump up ^ Hyer, Bruce (1998). "Experimental Log Hauling Through a Traditional Caribou Wintering Area". Rangifer (10): 256. Retrieved 16 February 2015.
8.Jump up ^ Climate Change Accountability Act http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/LEGISINFO/index.asp?Language=E&query=6747&Session=23&List=toc
9.Jump up ^ http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Doc=40&Language=E&Mode=1&Parl=40&Pub=Hansard&Ses=3#SOB-3144365
10.Jump up ^ http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/SEN/Chamber/403/Debates/065db_2010-11-16-E.htm?Language=E&Parl=40&Ses=3#43
11.Jump up ^ http://brucehyer.ca/meet-bruce
12.Jump up ^ Made in Canada Act http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/LEGISINFO/index.asp?Language=E&query=5716&Session=22&List=toc
13.Jump up ^ Cell Phone Freedom Act http://www2.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Docid=4640240&file=4
14.Jump up ^ Northwest Ontario passenger Rail Motion http://www.ReviveSuperiorRail.ca/
15.Jump up ^ "Bruce Hyer quits NDP caucus to sit as an Independent". CBC News. April 23, 2012. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
16.Jump up ^ "Elizabeth May". wikipedia.com.
17.Jump up ^ "Thunder Bay MP Bruce Hyer joins Green Party, doubles caucus". CBC News. December 13, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
External links[edit]
Bruce Hyer
Bruce Hyer – Parliament of Canada biography


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Dawud Wharnsby

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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For the Canadian film editor, see David Wharnsby.


 This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (October 2011)

Dawud Wharnsby

Birth name
David Howard Wharnsby
Also known as
Dawud Wharnsby-Ali
 Dawud Ali[1]
Born
June 27, 1972 (age 42)
Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
Genres
Folk
Nasheed
Spoken Word
Hamd
World music
Occupation(s)
Musician, Songwriter, Producer, Poet
Instruments
Vocals, guitar, mandolin, banjo, bazouki, oud, bodhran, bongos, djembe, clarinet, tin whistle
Years active
1991–present
Labels
Enter Into Peace (1995–present), Sound Vision (1996–2003), Beloved Musika (2006–2009)
Associated acts
Idris Phillips, Zain Bhikha, Yusuf Islam, Sami Yusuf, Dale Marcell, Stephen Fearing, Danny Thompson, Irshad Khan
Website
www.wharnsby.com
Dawud Wharnsby (born David Howard Wharnsby on June 27, 1972) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, poet, performer, educator and television personality. A multi-instrumentalist, he is best known for his work in the musical/poetic genre of English Language nasheed and spoken word.[2][3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early artistic career
2 Music
3 Television, video and radio production
4 Educational efforts
5 Personal life
6 In the media
7 Discography 7.1 Solo work
7.2 CD singles and EP releases
7.3 Selected collaborations
7.4 Narrative work
7.5 Music videos
8 Published work
9 Television and video appearances
10 References
11 External links

Early artistic career[edit]
Born in Kitchener, Ontario in 1972, David Wharnsby became active in local theatrical productions during his early teens, first performing on a world-class theater stage at the age of 18 in a production of "Jesus Christ Superstar" (Annas).[4] Other stage work of his late teens included roles in "You're A Good Man Charlie Brown" (Schroeder (Peanuts)) [5] and "Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead".[citation needed]
At the age of 19 Wharnsby began performing throughout Southern Ontario as a solo musical artist and as a member of various musical groups. His first professional work as a musician was with folk quartet Crakenthorpe's Teapot,[6] hired to perform on street corners of their hometown.[7][8] Wharnsby traveled extensively throughout Ontario, England and Scotland during 1993 and 1994 as a solo busker - singing informally on street corners and in parks to market and share his music. In 1993 he started his own independent recording entity, Three Keyed Maple Seeds, which in 1996 was renamed Enter Into Peace and registered with SOCAN as a music publishing entity.[6]
During the early 1990s Wharnsby worked as a professional actor and puppeteer for two different educational theater troupes, touring public schools and folk festivals throughout Ontario. At the age of 20 he played lead in a short educational film "To Catch A Thief", distributed nationally in Canada to schools as part of the John Howard Society's anti-shoplifting program.[9]
Music[edit]
In 1993, Dawud (David) Wharnsby and fellow Crackenthorpe's Teapot vocalist Heather Chappell began touring and performing as a duo, releasing an independent album (Off To Reap The Corn) containing renditions of traditional Canadian and Irish folk music. The recording also featured Wharnsby's original lyrical adaptation of the traditional song "The Black Velvet Band". His comical version "The Black Velvet Band as Never Before" is still sung in folk music circles.[10]
Dawud has released several internationally distributed albums since 1995, including Blue Walls And The Big Sky,[11] Vacuous Waxing (with Canadian writer Bill Kocher), A Different Drum (with The Fletcher Valve Drummers) and Out Seeing The Fields. In the mid-1990s Dawud began to work in the genre of English language nasheed (spiritual hymns of a folk/world-beat style, drawn from Qur'anic tradition). He has released over 10 popular albums of spiritual nasheed since 1993, including A Whisper of Peace, Colors of Islam, Road to Madinah and Sunshine Dust And The Messenger, all released through US based media company Sound Vision.Com.[2]
September 3, 2007 Dawud released "Out Seeing the Fields" composed of 12 tracks, co-produced with LA based pianist Idris Phillips.[12] The 11th track of the album named "Rachel" is a tribute to Rachel Corrie who was killed by an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Caterpillar D9R armored bulldozer, during an ISM protest against the destruction of Palestinian homes by the IDF in the Gaza Strip.[13]
During his career Dawud has collaborated with Stephen Fearing,[14] Irshad Khan,[14] Danny Thompson,[14] Yusuf Islam (aka Cat Stevens),[15][16] Zain Bhikha,[16] Idris Phillips,[15][16] Hadiqa Kiani and Atif Aslam.[6]
Television, video and radio production[edit]
As a television personality, Dawud has hosted programs produced in conjunction with Canada's Vision TV, the National Film Board of Canada,[17] Al Huda TV (Saudi Arabia) and BBC Scotland.
Educational efforts[edit]
In honor of author, screenwriter and lecturer Rod Serling, Wharnsby (inspired as a child by Serlings' work) is also a supporter of the Rod Serling Memorial Foundation and contributor to The Foundation's scholarship fund.[18]
As a result of his global efforts promoting artistic expression as a tool for positive social change, Simple Living, environmental preservation and community bridge-building Dawud Wharnsby was declared an Ambassador of Scouting by the Scout Association in the UK as of June 2010.[19]
Personal life[edit]
In 1993, David Howard Wharnsby embraced the teachings of the Qur'an [2][3][6][20] changing his name to "Dawud" (Arabic: داوود) - the Arabic form of "David" - and added the name "Ali" (Arabic: علي) to his surname. The name "Ali" was dropped from professional use in 2003, but remains a part of his legal name. Wharnsby is a proponent of Perennial philosophy, has identified himself as a Muslim since 1993 and also adheres to the principals of Unitarian Universalism.[20][21]
Married in 2003, Dawud Wharnsby, his wife and their two children reside seasonally in the state of Colorado, United States, Abbottabad, Pakistan and in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.[22][23][24]
Though family ties do exist, Dawud Wharnsby is not to be confused with film editor David Wharnsby, also a native of the Kitchener-Waterloo area.[25]
In the media[edit]
Dawud Wharnsby was named in a November 21, 2008 article by The Sun,[26] as being a primary influence in an alleged conversion to the religion of Islam by pop star Michael Jackson. The article stated that Wharnsby and fellow musician Idris Phillips were "pals" of Michael Jackson and had talked to him "about their beliefs, and how they thought they had become better people after they converted.". The article was subsequently run by major print and television media worldwide.[27][28][29]
Following the death of Michael Jackson on June 25, 2009 the original Sun article resurfaced, intensifying rumors surrounding Jackson’s religious affiliation and his alleged "conversion" to the religion of Islam through the counsel of Dawud Wharnsby and Idris Phillips. A June 26, 2009 public statement by Wharnsby, initially presented on his official website[30] stated:

"For the record: Though our professional circles did cross-over slightly... I never had the honour or pleasure of meeting Michael Jackson personally, nor did we ever correspond on matters of our professions, personal lives or faiths."
On the topic of conversion, Wharnsby also stated:

"My approach to faith does not include concepts of "conversion/reversion" or "propagation", so the very idea that I would have even tried to "convert" Mr. Jackson (or anyone else for that matter) to my spiritual perspective, is silly."
In November 2009 Dawud Wharnsby's name was included in the category of "Entertainment and The Arts" on a list of the 500 Most Influential Muslims, compiled by The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Center (Jordan),[31] and published with support of Georgetown University’s Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Center for Muslim-Christian Understanding.[32] Wharnsby was also included on the follow up lists of 2010, 2011 and 2012.[33]
Discography[edit]
Solo work[edit]

Year
Album
1995 Blue Walls and the Big Sky
1996 A Whisper of Peace
1997 Colours of Islam
1998 Road to Madinah
2002 Sunshine, Dust and The Messenger
2003 The Prophet's Hands
2005 Vacuous Waxing
2006 The Poets and The Prophet
2007 Out Seeing The Fields
2011 A Picnic of Poems
CD singles and EP releases[edit]

Year
Album
1999 The Letter - Songs of Struggle and Hope
2004 Love Strong
2010 Shady Grove
2010 Twinkle, Twinkle
2010 Welcome to The I.C.E. (Percussion only version)
2010 Pages of Hope (with Lines of Faith)
Selected collaborations[edit]

Year
Album
1993 Off to Reap the Corn (with Heather Chappell)
1994 Fine Flowers in The Valley (with Heather Chappell)
2001 Light Upon Light (Various Artists)
2001 Faith (with Zain Bhikha)
2001 Bismillah (with Yusuf Islam and Friends)
2002 In Praise of The Last Prophet (with Yusuf Islam and Friends)
2003 Salaam (with Irfan Makki)
2004 Days of Eid (Various Artists)
2005 Expressions of Faith (Various Artists)
2005 Celebrate! Holidays of The Global Village (with Chris McKhool)
2005 I Look I See (with Yusuf Islam)
2006 Allah Knows (with Zain Bhikha)
2007 Man Ana? (with Khalid Belrhouzi)
2008 Aled Jones Presents: Good Morning Sunday (Various Artists)
2011 Hope (with Zain Bhikha)
2011 Kalima (with Hadiqa Kiyani)
Narrative work[edit]

Year
Album
2000 Gifts of Muhammad (introduced by Dawud Wharnsby)
2000 40 Hadith (introduced by Dawud Wharnsby)
2001 Timeless Wisdom Volume 1
2001 Timeless Wisdom Volume 2
2001 A Simple Guide to Prayer (with Yusuf Islam)
2004 Companions of The Prophet
Music videos[edit]

Year
Title
2006 You Can't Take It With You (With Zain Bhikha)
2006 Allah Knows (with Zain Bhikha)
2006 Midnight
Published work[edit]
Nasheed Artist (Books 4 Schools, UK, 2005, ISBN 0-9543652-6-7) (author/co-illustrator)
For Whom The Troubadour Sings (Kube Publishing Ltd, UK, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84774-011-3) (author)
A Picnic of Poems in Allah's Green Garden (Kube Publishing Ltd, UK, 2011, ISBN 978-0-86037-444-2) (author)
Television and video appearances[edit]
As Salamu Alaikum! (Sound Vision, 2005) (Soundtrack and actor/puppeteer)
A New Life In A New Land (Milo Productions/University of Saskatoon/NFB, 2004) (Soundtrack and host)[34]
BBC Schools - Watch Celebrations: Ramadan And Eid (BBC Scotland, 2003) (Host)
Sing, Children of The World (Sound Vision, 2002) (Host)
Stories Behind The Songs (Sound Vision, 2002) (Host)
Rhythm of Islam (Sound Vision, 2002) (Host)
Alif Is For Allah (Sound Vision, 2000) (Soundtrack and actor/puppeteer)
The Humble Muslim (Sound Vision, 1999) (Soundtrack and actor/puppeteer)
Ramadan Mubarak (Sound Vision, 1998) (Soundtrack and actor/puppeteer)
To Catch A Thief (John Howard Society of Canada, 1990) (Actor)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ FAQ About Dawud Wharnsby, retrieved 24 February 2010
2.^ Jump up to: a b c "Singer Finds Loving Audience". Dallas Morning News. 2000-09-13.
3.^ Jump up to: a b "About The Authour", Singer Finds Loving Audience, Dallas Morning News, 2000
4.Jump up ^ "Jesus Christ Superstar". http://www.jmdrama.org. 1990-05-18.
5.Jump up ^ "You're A Good Man Charlie Brown". http://www.jmdrama.org. 1990-08-15.
6.^ Jump up to: a b c d "Musings Of A Nomad Artist". Dawn News. 2009-08-23.
7.Jump up ^ "Sidewalk Stage ~ Sanctioned entertainers play to King Street shoppers". Kitchener-Waterloo Record. 1992-06-06.
8.Jump up ^ "One On One With Dawud Wharnsby". Hijabtrendz. 2010-08-04.
9.Jump up ^ "To Catch A Thief NEWS PROMO 1992". http://www.youtube.com. Province Wide CKCO TV News. 1992.
10.Jump up ^ "The Black Velvet Band (Like Never Before)". The Mudcat Cafe - Black Velvet Band lyrics (variations). 2003-09-02.
11.Jump up ^ "Blue Walls and The Big Sky". Dallas Morning News. 2004-10-30.
12.Jump up ^ about
13.Jump up ^ Israeli Army Bulldozer Kills American Protesting in Gaza New York Times, March 17, 2003
14.^ Jump up to: a b c "Faces of Waterloo", Dawud Wharnsby-Ali: Words and Music Lived in the name of God, Waterloo Chronicle, 2003=05 Check date values in: |date= (help)
15.^ Jump up to: a b The Triangle Philosophy, Egypt Today Magazine, 2008=01 Check date values in: |date= (help)
16.^ Jump up to: a b c "Acknowledgments", For Whom The Troubadour Sings, Kube Publishing Ltd, 2009
17.Jump up ^ "A New Life in a New Land: The Muslim Experience in Canada". Milo Productions. 2005.
18.Jump up ^ "Donor Hall Of Fame". rodserling.com. 2008.
19.Jump up ^ Hilary Galloway, ed. (June 2010). "Global Citizen". Scouting Magazine.
20.^ Jump up to: a b "The Sounds of Taqwa". Illume Magazine. 2006.
21.Jump up ^ "Global Citizen". Scouts UK Magazine. June–July 2010.
22.Jump up ^ "About The Authour", For Whom The Troubadour Sings, Kube Publishing Ltd, 2009
23.Jump up ^ "About The Authour", A Picnic of Poems in Allah's Green Garden, Kube Publishing Ltd, 2011
24.Jump up ^ "About The Authour", Colours of Islam, Kube Publishing Ltd, 2013
25.Jump up ^ "Would The Real David Wharnsby Please Stand Up?". The Record. 2006-09-11.
26.Jump up ^ Syson, Neil (2008-11-21). "The Way You Mecca Me Feel". London: The Sun.
27.Jump up ^ "Did Michael Mikaeel Jackson Convert to Islam". The Insider. 2008-11-21.
28.Jump up ^ Tibbetts, Graham (2008-11-21). "Michael Jackson 'converts to Islam and changes name to Mikaeel'". London: Telegraph. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
29.Jump up ^ "Michael Jackson se converte ao islamismo e muda seu nome para Mikaeel, diz jornal". O Globo. 2008-11-21.
30.Jump up ^ "The Passing of Michael Jackson". Enter Into Peace. 2009-06-26.
31.Jump up ^ "The 500 Most Influential Muslims". The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Center. November 2009.
32.Jump up ^ "Muslim 500 – A Listing of the 500 Most Influential Muslims in the World". Muslim Media Network. 2009-11-17.
33.Jump up ^ "Muslim 500 – A Listing of the 500 Most Influential Muslims in the World". The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre. Nov 2011.
34.Jump up ^ "Dawud Wharnsby-Ali". Milo Productions. 2005.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Dawud Wharnsby
Official website
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Dawud Wharnsby Nasheeds | His poetry, works and songs
Dawud Wharnsby Ali feat Atif Aslam Hum Mustafavi Hain


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Dawud Wharnsby

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For the Canadian film editor, see David Wharnsby.


 This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (October 2011)

Dawud Wharnsby

Birth name
David Howard Wharnsby
Also known as
Dawud Wharnsby-Ali
 Dawud Ali[1]
Born
June 27, 1972 (age 42)
Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
Genres
Folk
Nasheed
Spoken Word
Hamd
World music
Occupation(s)
Musician, Songwriter, Producer, Poet
Instruments
Vocals, guitar, mandolin, banjo, bazouki, oud, bodhran, bongos, djembe, clarinet, tin whistle
Years active
1991–present
Labels
Enter Into Peace (1995–present), Sound Vision (1996–2003), Beloved Musika (2006–2009)
Associated acts
Idris Phillips, Zain Bhikha, Yusuf Islam, Sami Yusuf, Dale Marcell, Stephen Fearing, Danny Thompson, Irshad Khan
Website
www.wharnsby.com
Dawud Wharnsby (born David Howard Wharnsby on June 27, 1972) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, poet, performer, educator and television personality. A multi-instrumentalist, he is best known for his work in the musical/poetic genre of English Language nasheed and spoken word.[2][3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early artistic career
2 Music
3 Television, video and radio production
4 Educational efforts
5 Personal life
6 In the media
7 Discography 7.1 Solo work
7.2 CD singles and EP releases
7.3 Selected collaborations
7.4 Narrative work
7.5 Music videos
8 Published work
9 Television and video appearances
10 References
11 External links

Early artistic career[edit]
Born in Kitchener, Ontario in 1972, David Wharnsby became active in local theatrical productions during his early teens, first performing on a world-class theater stage at the age of 18 in a production of "Jesus Christ Superstar" (Annas).[4] Other stage work of his late teens included roles in "You're A Good Man Charlie Brown" (Schroeder (Peanuts)) [5] and "Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead".[citation needed]
At the age of 19 Wharnsby began performing throughout Southern Ontario as a solo musical artist and as a member of various musical groups. His first professional work as a musician was with folk quartet Crakenthorpe's Teapot,[6] hired to perform on street corners of their hometown.[7][8] Wharnsby traveled extensively throughout Ontario, England and Scotland during 1993 and 1994 as a solo busker - singing informally on street corners and in parks to market and share his music. In 1993 he started his own independent recording entity, Three Keyed Maple Seeds, which in 1996 was renamed Enter Into Peace and registered with SOCAN as a music publishing entity.[6]
During the early 1990s Wharnsby worked as a professional actor and puppeteer for two different educational theater troupes, touring public schools and folk festivals throughout Ontario. At the age of 20 he played lead in a short educational film "To Catch A Thief", distributed nationally in Canada to schools as part of the John Howard Society's anti-shoplifting program.[9]
Music[edit]
In 1993, Dawud (David) Wharnsby and fellow Crackenthorpe's Teapot vocalist Heather Chappell began touring and performing as a duo, releasing an independent album (Off To Reap The Corn) containing renditions of traditional Canadian and Irish folk music. The recording also featured Wharnsby's original lyrical adaptation of the traditional song "The Black Velvet Band". His comical version "The Black Velvet Band as Never Before" is still sung in folk music circles.[10]
Dawud has released several internationally distributed albums since 1995, including Blue Walls And The Big Sky,[11] Vacuous Waxing (with Canadian writer Bill Kocher), A Different Drum (with The Fletcher Valve Drummers) and Out Seeing The Fields. In the mid-1990s Dawud began to work in the genre of English language nasheed (spiritual hymns of a folk/world-beat style, drawn from Qur'anic tradition). He has released over 10 popular albums of spiritual nasheed since 1993, including A Whisper of Peace, Colors of Islam, Road to Madinah and Sunshine Dust And The Messenger, all released through US based media company Sound Vision.Com.[2]
September 3, 2007 Dawud released "Out Seeing the Fields" composed of 12 tracks, co-produced with LA based pianist Idris Phillips.[12] The 11th track of the album named "Rachel" is a tribute to Rachel Corrie who was killed by an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Caterpillar D9R armored bulldozer, during an ISM protest against the destruction of Palestinian homes by the IDF in the Gaza Strip.[13]
During his career Dawud has collaborated with Stephen Fearing,[14] Irshad Khan,[14] Danny Thompson,[14] Yusuf Islam (aka Cat Stevens),[15][16] Zain Bhikha,[16] Idris Phillips,[15][16] Hadiqa Kiani and Atif Aslam.[6]
Television, video and radio production[edit]
As a television personality, Dawud has hosted programs produced in conjunction with Canada's Vision TV, the National Film Board of Canada,[17] Al Huda TV (Saudi Arabia) and BBC Scotland.
Educational efforts[edit]
In honor of author, screenwriter and lecturer Rod Serling, Wharnsby (inspired as a child by Serlings' work) is also a supporter of the Rod Serling Memorial Foundation and contributor to The Foundation's scholarship fund.[18]
As a result of his global efforts promoting artistic expression as a tool for positive social change, Simple Living, environmental preservation and community bridge-building Dawud Wharnsby was declared an Ambassador of Scouting by the Scout Association in the UK as of June 2010.[19]
Personal life[edit]
In 1993, David Howard Wharnsby embraced the teachings of the Qur'an [2][3][6][20] changing his name to "Dawud" (Arabic: داوود) - the Arabic form of "David" - and added the name "Ali" (Arabic: علي) to his surname. The name "Ali" was dropped from professional use in 2003, but remains a part of his legal name. Wharnsby is a proponent of Perennial philosophy, has identified himself as a Muslim since 1993 and also adheres to the principals of Unitarian Universalism.[20][21]
Married in 2003, Dawud Wharnsby, his wife and their two children reside seasonally in the state of Colorado, United States, Abbottabad, Pakistan and in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.[22][23][24]
Though family ties do exist, Dawud Wharnsby is not to be confused with film editor David Wharnsby, also a native of the Kitchener-Waterloo area.[25]
In the media[edit]
Dawud Wharnsby was named in a November 21, 2008 article by The Sun,[26] as being a primary influence in an alleged conversion to the religion of Islam by pop star Michael Jackson. The article stated that Wharnsby and fellow musician Idris Phillips were "pals" of Michael Jackson and had talked to him "about their beliefs, and how they thought they had become better people after they converted.". The article was subsequently run by major print and television media worldwide.[27][28][29]
Following the death of Michael Jackson on June 25, 2009 the original Sun article resurfaced, intensifying rumors surrounding Jackson’s religious affiliation and his alleged "conversion" to the religion of Islam through the counsel of Dawud Wharnsby and Idris Phillips. A June 26, 2009 public statement by Wharnsby, initially presented on his official website[30] stated:

"For the record: Though our professional circles did cross-over slightly... I never had the honour or pleasure of meeting Michael Jackson personally, nor did we ever correspond on matters of our professions, personal lives or faiths."
On the topic of conversion, Wharnsby also stated:

"My approach to faith does not include concepts of "conversion/reversion" or "propagation", so the very idea that I would have even tried to "convert" Mr. Jackson (or anyone else for that matter) to my spiritual perspective, is silly."
In November 2009 Dawud Wharnsby's name was included in the category of "Entertainment and The Arts" on a list of the 500 Most Influential Muslims, compiled by The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Center (Jordan),[31] and published with support of Georgetown University’s Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Center for Muslim-Christian Understanding.[32] Wharnsby was also included on the follow up lists of 2010, 2011 and 2012.[33]
Discography[edit]
Solo work[edit]

Year
Album
1995 Blue Walls and the Big Sky
1996 A Whisper of Peace
1997 Colours of Islam
1998 Road to Madinah
2002 Sunshine, Dust and The Messenger
2003 The Prophet's Hands
2005 Vacuous Waxing
2006 The Poets and The Prophet
2007 Out Seeing The Fields
2011 A Picnic of Poems
CD singles and EP releases[edit]

Year
Album
1999 The Letter - Songs of Struggle and Hope
2004 Love Strong
2010 Shady Grove
2010 Twinkle, Twinkle
2010 Welcome to The I.C.E. (Percussion only version)
2010 Pages of Hope (with Lines of Faith)
Selected collaborations[edit]

Year
Album
1993 Off to Reap the Corn (with Heather Chappell)
1994 Fine Flowers in The Valley (with Heather Chappell)
2001 Light Upon Light (Various Artists)
2001 Faith (with Zain Bhikha)
2001 Bismillah (with Yusuf Islam and Friends)
2002 In Praise of The Last Prophet (with Yusuf Islam and Friends)
2003 Salaam (with Irfan Makki)
2004 Days of Eid (Various Artists)
2005 Expressions of Faith (Various Artists)
2005 Celebrate! Holidays of The Global Village (with Chris McKhool)
2005 I Look I See (with Yusuf Islam)
2006 Allah Knows (with Zain Bhikha)
2007 Man Ana? (with Khalid Belrhouzi)
2008 Aled Jones Presents: Good Morning Sunday (Various Artists)
2011 Hope (with Zain Bhikha)
2011 Kalima (with Hadiqa Kiyani)
Narrative work[edit]

Year
Album
2000 Gifts of Muhammad (introduced by Dawud Wharnsby)
2000 40 Hadith (introduced by Dawud Wharnsby)
2001 Timeless Wisdom Volume 1
2001 Timeless Wisdom Volume 2
2001 A Simple Guide to Prayer (with Yusuf Islam)
2004 Companions of The Prophet
Music videos[edit]

Year
Title
2006 You Can't Take It With You (With Zain Bhikha)
2006 Allah Knows (with Zain Bhikha)
2006 Midnight
Published work[edit]
Nasheed Artist (Books 4 Schools, UK, 2005, ISBN 0-9543652-6-7) (author/co-illustrator)
For Whom The Troubadour Sings (Kube Publishing Ltd, UK, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84774-011-3) (author)
A Picnic of Poems in Allah's Green Garden (Kube Publishing Ltd, UK, 2011, ISBN 978-0-86037-444-2) (author)
Television and video appearances[edit]
As Salamu Alaikum! (Sound Vision, 2005) (Soundtrack and actor/puppeteer)
A New Life In A New Land (Milo Productions/University of Saskatoon/NFB, 2004) (Soundtrack and host)[34]
BBC Schools - Watch Celebrations: Ramadan And Eid (BBC Scotland, 2003) (Host)
Sing, Children of The World (Sound Vision, 2002) (Host)
Stories Behind The Songs (Sound Vision, 2002) (Host)
Rhythm of Islam (Sound Vision, 2002) (Host)
Alif Is For Allah (Sound Vision, 2000) (Soundtrack and actor/puppeteer)
The Humble Muslim (Sound Vision, 1999) (Soundtrack and actor/puppeteer)
Ramadan Mubarak (Sound Vision, 1998) (Soundtrack and actor/puppeteer)
To Catch A Thief (John Howard Society of Canada, 1990) (Actor)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ FAQ About Dawud Wharnsby, retrieved 24 February 2010
2.^ Jump up to: a b c "Singer Finds Loving Audience". Dallas Morning News. 2000-09-13.
3.^ Jump up to: a b "About The Authour", Singer Finds Loving Audience, Dallas Morning News, 2000
4.Jump up ^ "Jesus Christ Superstar". http://www.jmdrama.org. 1990-05-18.
5.Jump up ^ "You're A Good Man Charlie Brown". http://www.jmdrama.org. 1990-08-15.
6.^ Jump up to: a b c d "Musings Of A Nomad Artist". Dawn News. 2009-08-23.
7.Jump up ^ "Sidewalk Stage ~ Sanctioned entertainers play to King Street shoppers". Kitchener-Waterloo Record. 1992-06-06.
8.Jump up ^ "One On One With Dawud Wharnsby". Hijabtrendz. 2010-08-04.
9.Jump up ^ "To Catch A Thief NEWS PROMO 1992". http://www.youtube.com. Province Wide CKCO TV News. 1992.
10.Jump up ^ "The Black Velvet Band (Like Never Before)". The Mudcat Cafe - Black Velvet Band lyrics (variations). 2003-09-02.
11.Jump up ^ "Blue Walls and The Big Sky". Dallas Morning News. 2004-10-30.
12.Jump up ^ about
13.Jump up ^ Israeli Army Bulldozer Kills American Protesting in Gaza New York Times, March 17, 2003
14.^ Jump up to: a b c "Faces of Waterloo", Dawud Wharnsby-Ali: Words and Music Lived in the name of God, Waterloo Chronicle, 2003=05 Check date values in: |date= (help)
15.^ Jump up to: a b The Triangle Philosophy, Egypt Today Magazine, 2008=01 Check date values in: |date= (help)
16.^ Jump up to: a b c "Acknowledgments", For Whom The Troubadour Sings, Kube Publishing Ltd, 2009
17.Jump up ^ "A New Life in a New Land: The Muslim Experience in Canada". Milo Productions. 2005.
18.Jump up ^ "Donor Hall Of Fame". rodserling.com. 2008.
19.Jump up ^ Hilary Galloway, ed. (June 2010). "Global Citizen". Scouting Magazine.
20.^ Jump up to: a b "The Sounds of Taqwa". Illume Magazine. 2006.
21.Jump up ^ "Global Citizen". Scouts UK Magazine. June–July 2010.
22.Jump up ^ "About The Authour", For Whom The Troubadour Sings, Kube Publishing Ltd, 2009
23.Jump up ^ "About The Authour", A Picnic of Poems in Allah's Green Garden, Kube Publishing Ltd, 2011
24.Jump up ^ "About The Authour", Colours of Islam, Kube Publishing Ltd, 2013
25.Jump up ^ "Would The Real David Wharnsby Please Stand Up?". The Record. 2006-09-11.
26.Jump up ^ Syson, Neil (2008-11-21). "The Way You Mecca Me Feel". London: The Sun.
27.Jump up ^ "Did Michael Mikaeel Jackson Convert to Islam". The Insider. 2008-11-21.
28.Jump up ^ Tibbetts, Graham (2008-11-21). "Michael Jackson 'converts to Islam and changes name to Mikaeel'". London: Telegraph. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
29.Jump up ^ "Michael Jackson se converte ao islamismo e muda seu nome para Mikaeel, diz jornal". O Globo. 2008-11-21.
30.Jump up ^ "The Passing of Michael Jackson". Enter Into Peace. 2009-06-26.
31.Jump up ^ "The 500 Most Influential Muslims". The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Center. November 2009.
32.Jump up ^ "Muslim 500 – A Listing of the 500 Most Influential Muslims in the World". Muslim Media Network. 2009-11-17.
33.Jump up ^ "Muslim 500 – A Listing of the 500 Most Influential Muslims in the World". The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre. Nov 2011.
34.Jump up ^ "Dawud Wharnsby-Ali". Milo Productions. 2005.
External links[edit]
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Official website
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Dawud Wharnsby Nasheeds | His poetry, works and songs
Dawud Wharnsby Ali feat Atif Aslam Hum Mustafavi Hain


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Categories: 1972 births
Living people
Canadian singer-songwriters
Converts to Islam
Canadian Muslims
Canadian spoken word artists
Muslim poets
Muslim writers
Performers of Islamic music
Canadian Unitarian Universalists
Canadian expatriates in Pakistan
Musicians from Ontario
People from Kitchener, Ontario










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Category:Canadian Unitarian Universalists

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This category is for articles on Canadians who are or have been associated with modern Unitarian Universalism. For articles on Canadians who were associated with Unitarianism before the merger with Universalism, or who were instrumental in early works that led to it, would be better included in Category:Canadian Unitarians. Individuals in this category may be Christians, Unitarians, or Universalists and should be categorized as such.
  

Pages in category "Canadian Unitarian Universalists"
The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).

C
Michael Cassidy (Canadian politician)
David Chernushenko
H
Jessica Holmes
Bruce Hyer
W
Dawud Wharnsby



Categories: Canadian Unitarians
Unitarian Universalists
Unitarian Universalism in Canada


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Category:Canadian Unitarian Universalists

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

This category is for articles on Canadians who are or have been associated with modern Unitarian Universalism. For articles on Canadians who were associated with Unitarianism before the merger with Universalism, or who were instrumental in early works that led to it, would be better included in Category:Canadian Unitarians. Individuals in this category may be Christians, Unitarians, or Universalists and should be categorized as such.
  

Pages in category "Canadian Unitarian Universalists"
The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).

C
Michael Cassidy (Canadian politician)
David Chernushenko
H
Jessica Holmes
Bruce Hyer
W
Dawud Wharnsby



Categories: Canadian Unitarians
Unitarian Universalists
Unitarian Universalism in Canada


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List of Unitarians, Universalists, and Unitarian Universalists

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This is an incomplete list that may not be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
See also History of Unitarianism
A number of notable people have considered themselves Unitarians, Universalists, and following the merger of these denominations in the United States and Canada in 1961, Unitarian Universalists. Additionally, there are persons who, because of their writings or reputation, are considered to have held Unitarian or Universalist beliefs. Individuals who held unitarian (nontrinitarian) beliefs but were not affiliated with Unitarian organizations are often referred to as "small 'u'" unitarians. The same principle can be applied to those who believed in universal salvation but were not members of Universalist organizations. This article, therefore, makes the distinction between capitalized "Unitarians" and "Universalists" and lowercase "unitarians" and "universalists".
The Unitarians and Universalists are groups that existed long before the creation of Unitarian Universalism.
Early Unitarians did not hold Universalist beliefs, and early Universalists did not hold Unitarian beliefs. But beginning in the nineteenth century the theologies of the two groups started becoming more similar.
Additionally, their eventual merger as the Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA) did not eliminate divergent Unitarian and Universalist congregations, especially outside the US. Even within the US, some congregations still keep only one of the two names, "Unitarian" or "Universalist". However, with only a few exceptions, all belong to the UUA—even those that maintain dual affiliation (e.g., Unitarian and Quaker). Transcendentalism was a movement that diverged from contemporary American Unitarianism but has been embraced by later Unitarians and Unitarian Universalists.
In Northern Ireland, Unitarian churches are officially called "Non-Subscribing Presbyterian", but are informally known as "Unitarian" and are affiliated with the Unitarian churches of the rest of the world.

Contents :

Top ·
 0–9 ·
 A ·
 B ·
 C ·
 D ·
 E ·
 F ·
 G ·
 H ·
 I ·
 J ·
 K ·
 L ·
 M ·
 N ·
 O ·
 P ·
 Q ·
 R ·
 S ·
 T ·
 U ·
 V ·
 W ·
 X ·
 Y ·
 Z

A[edit]
Francis Ellingwood Abbot (1836–1903) – Unitarian minister who led a group that attempted to liberalize the Unitarian constitution and preamble. He later helped found the Free Religious Association.[1]
Abigail Adams (1744–1818) – women's rights advocate and first Second Lady and the second First Lady of the United States[2]
James Luther Adams (1901–1994) – Unitarian theologian.[3]
John Adams (1735–1826)[4] – second President of the United States.
John Quincy Adams (1767–1848)[4] – sixth President of the United States. Co-founder, All Souls Church, Unitarian (Washington, D.C.)
Sarah Fuller Adams (1805–1848) – English poet and hymn writer
Conrad Aiken (1889–1973) – poet.[3]
Louisa May Alcott (1832–1888)[4] – author of Little Women.
Ethan Allen (1738–1789) – author of Reason the Only Oracle of Man, and the chief source of Hosea Ballou's universalist ideas.[5]
Joseph Henry Allen (1820–1898) – American Unitarian scholar and minister.
Arthur J. Altmeyer (1891–1972) – father of Social Security.[3]
J. M. Andrews (1871–1956) – Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (a Non-subscribing Presbyterian member)
Susan B. Anthony (1820–1906) – Quaker[6]
Robert Aspland (1782–1845) – English Unitarian minister, editor and activist, founder of the British and Foreign Unitarian Association
Robert Brook Aspland (1805–1869) – English Unitarian minister and editor, son of Robert Aspland
B[edit]
Samuel Bache (1804–1876) – English Unitarian minister
E. Burdette Backus (1888–1955) – Unitarian Humanist minister (originally a Universalist)[3]
Bill Baird (born 1932) – reproductive rights pioneer, Unitarian.[7][8]
Dr. Sara Josephine Baker (1873–1945) – physician and public health worker.[3]
Emily Greene Balch (1867–1961) – Nobel Peace Laureate[3]
Roger Nash Baldwin (1884–1981) – founder of American Civil Liberties Union[3]
Adin Ballou (1803–1890) – abolitionist and former Baptist who became a Universalist minister, then a Unitarian minister.[5]
Hosea Ballou (1771–1852) – American Universalist leader. (Universalist minister and a unitarian in theology)[5][9][10]
Aaron Bancroft (1755–1839) – Congregationalist Unitarian minister
John Bardeen (1908–1991) – physicist, Nobel Laureate 1956 (inventing the transistor) and in 1972 (superconductivity)[3]
Phineas Taylor Barnum (1810–1891) – American showman and Circus Owner[11]
Ysaye Maria Barnwell (born 1946) – member of Sweet Honey in the Rock, founded the Jubilee Singers, a choir at All Souls Church in Washington, D.C.[12]
Béla Bartók (1881–1945) – composer.[3]
Clara Barton (1821–1912) – organizer of American Red Cross, Universalist[10][13]
Christopher C. Bell (born 1933) – author
Ami Bera (born 1965) - US Representative for California
Henry Bergh (1811–1888) – founded the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.[14][15]
Tim Berners-Lee (born 1955) – inventor of the World Wide Web.[16][17]
Paul Blanshard (1892–1980) – activist.[3]
Chester Bliss Bowles (1901–1986) – Connecticut Governor and diplomat.[3]
Ray Bradbury (1920–2012) – author.[3]
T. Berry Brazelton (born 1918) – pediatrician, author, TV show host.[18]
Olympia Brown (1835–1926) – suffragist, Universalist minister[10]
Percival Brundage (1892–1979) – technocrat[19]
Rev. John A. Buehrens (born 1947) – president of the Unitarian Universalist Association from 1993–2001[20]
Charles Bulfinch (1763–1844) – most notable for being Architect of the Capitol. Co-founder, All Souls Church, Unitarian (Washington, D.C.)
Ralph Wendell Burhoe (1911–1997) – scholar[3]
Harold Hitz Burton (1888–1964) – U.S. Supreme Court Justice 1945–1958[3]
Edmund Butcher (1757–1822) – English minister
C[edit]
John C. Calhoun (1782–1850) – U.S Senator[21] Co-founder, All Souls Church, Unitarian (Washington, D.C.)
Neville Chamberlain (1869–1940) – British Prime Minister[22]
Walter Bradford Cannon (1871–1945) – experimental physiologist[3]
Louise Whitfield Carnegie (1857–1946) – wife of philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. After Carnegie died Louise made donations to charities.[23][24]
Lant Carpenter (1780–1840) – English Unitarian minister, author and educator
Russell Lant Carpenter (1816–1892) – Unitarian minister. Son and biographer of Dr. Lant Carpenter
William Ellery Channing (1780–1842) – Unitarian who later identified himself as an "independent Christian"[4][25]
Charles Chauncy (1592–1672) – Unitarian Congregationalist minister.[26]
Jesse Chickering (1797–1855) – Unitarian minister and economist
Brock Chisholm (1896–1971) – director, World Health Organization[3]
Parley P. Christensen (1869–1954) – Utah and California politician, Esperantist
Annie Clark (born 1982) – musician and singer-songwriter, better known by her stage name, St. Vincent (musician).[27]
Andrew Inglis Clark (1848–1907) – Tasmanian politician. Responsible for the adoption of the Hare-Clark system of proportional representation by the Parliament of Tasmania[28]
Grenville Clark (1882–1931) – author[3]
Joseph S. Clark (1901–1990) – US Senator and mayor of Philadelphia[3]
Laurel Clark (1961–2003) – US Navy officer and NASA Astronaut who died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster[29]
Stanley Cobb (1887–1968) – neurologist and psychiatrist[3]
William Cohen (born 1940) – U.S. Secretary of Defense (1997–2001), U.S. Senator from Maine (1979–1997)
Henry Steele Commager (1902–1998) – American historian and biographer of Theodore Parker[3]
Kent Conrad (born 1948) – U.S. Senator from North Dakota (1992–2013)[30]
William David Coolidge (1873–1975) – inventor, physician, research director[3]
Norman Cousins (1915–1990) – editor and writer, Unitarian friend[3]
E. E. Cummings (1894–1962) – poet and painter[3]
William Cushing (1732–1810) – one of the original US Supreme Court Justices, appointed by Geo. Washington and longest serving of the original justices (1789–1810).[31]
D[edit]
Cyrus Dallin (1861–1944) – American sculptor[3]
Ferenc Dávid (often rendered Francis David) (1510–1579) – Hungarian-Transylvanian priest, minister and bishop, first to use the word "Unitarian" to describe his faith[4]
George de Benneville (1703–1793) – Universalist[5]
Morris Dees (born 1936) – attorney, cofounder, chief legal counsel of Southern Poverty Law Center[32]
Karl W. Deutsch (1912–1992) – international political scientist[3]
John Dewey (1859–1952) – author of A Common Faith, Unitarian friend[3]
Charles Dickens (1812–1870) – English novelist.[33]
John H. Dietrich (1878–1957)[3] – Unitarian minister
James Drummond Dole (1877–1958) – entrepreneur[3]
Emily Taft Douglas (1899–1994) – US Representative, Illinois[3]
Paul Douglas (1892–1976) – US Senator, also a Quaker[3][34]
Madelyn Dunham (1922–2008) – grandmother of U.S. President Barack Obama[35]
Stanley Armour Dunham (1918–1992) – grandfather of Barack Obama[35]
Stanley Ann Dunham (1942–1995) – mother of Barack Obama[36]
E[edit]
Richard Eddy (1828–1906) – minister and author of 1886 book Universalism in America.[5]
Charles William Eliot (1834–1926) – landscape architect[3]
Samuel Atkins Eliot (1862–1950) – first president of the Unitarians[3]
Thomas H. Eliot (1907–1991) – legislator and educator[3]
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) – Unitarian minister and Transcendentalist[4]
William Emerson[disambiguation needed] – MIT dean of architecture[3]
Ephraim Emerton (1851–1935) – historian and educator[37]
Marc Estrin (born 1939) – American novelist and political activist
Charles Carroll Everett (1829–1900) – Unitarian minister and Harvard Divinity professor from Maine
F[edit]
Sophia Lyon Fahs (1876–1978) – liberal religious educator[3]
Millard Fillmore (1800–1874) – thirteenth President of the United States[38]
Joseph L. Fisher (1914–1992)[3] – U.S. congressman
Benjamin Flower (1755–1829) – English radical writer
James Freeman (1759–1835) – first American preacher to call himself a Unitarian
James Freeman Clarke (1810–1888) – Unitarian minister, theologian and author
Caleb Fleming (1698–1779) – English anti-Trinitarian dissenting minister
Robert Fulghum (born 1937) – UU minister and writer[39]
Buckminster Fuller (1895–1983) – inventor, engineer[3]
Margaret Fuller (1810–1850) – journalist[40]
G[edit]
Elizabeth Gaskell (1810–1865) – British novelist and social reformer[41]
Frank Gannett (1876–1957) – newspaper publisher[3]
Greta Gerwig (born 1983) – actor[42]
Henry Giles (1809–1882) – British-American Unitarian minister and writer
Eleanor Gordon (1852–1942) – minister and member of the Iowa Sisterhood.[43]
Mike Gravel (born 1930) – U.S. Senator; 2008 Democratic presidential candidate[44]
Dana Greeley (1908–1986) – the first president of the Unitarian Universalist Association[3]
Horace Greeley (1811–1872) – newspaper editor, presidential candidate, Universalist[10]
Robert Joseph Greene (born 1973)- Canadian author and LGBT Activist[45]
Chester Greenwood (1858–1937) – inventor[46]
Gary Gygax (1938–2008) – game designer and creator of Dungeons and Dragons, called himself a Christian, "albeit one that is of the Arian (Unitarian) persuasion."[47]
H[edit]
Edward Everett Hale (1822–1909) – American author, historian and Unitarian clergyman.
Ellen L. Hamilton (1921–1996) – artist, author, advocate for homeless teens, and member of UUA Board of Trustees (1973–1977).[48]
Phebe Ann Coffin Hannaford (1829–1921) – first lesbian clergywoman, biographer
Donald S. Harrington (1914–2005)[3]
Charles Hartshorne (1897–2000) – theologian[3][49]
John Hayward[disambiguation needed] philosopher of religion and the arts[3]
William Hazlitt (1737–1820) – influential Unitarian minister and father of the writer of the same name[50]
Thomas Wentworth Higginson (1823–1911) – Unitarian Minister and member of the Secret Six who funded John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry.
Lotta Hitschmanova (1909–1990) – founder, Unitarian Service Committee of Canada[3]
Jessica Holmes (born 1973) – cast member of "Air Farce".
John Holmes (1904–1962) – poet[3]
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (1841–1935) – American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1902 to 1932. Unitarian
W. R. Holway (1893–1981) – engineer in Tulsa, co-founded All Souls Unitarian Church in 1921.[51]
Julia Ward Howe (1819–1910) – author of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic".[13]
Roman Hruska (1904–1999) – conservative Republican Senator from Nebraska[52]
David Hubel (born 1926) – Nobel Prize Laureate in Medicine 1981
Charles Hudson (1795–1881) – Universalist minister and politician
Blake Hutchison (1980– ) filmmaker, Finding a Dream
J[edit]
Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) – third president of the US, Unitarian[53]
Joseph Johnson (1738–1809) – English publisher
Jenkin Lloyd Jones (1843–1918) – Unitarian missionary and minister in the United States[54]
Richard Lloyd Jones (1873–1963) – son of Jenkin Lloyd Jones, editor and publisher of the Tulsa Tribune, also co-founder of All Souls Unitarian Church in 1921.[51]
K[edit]
György Kepes (1906–2001) – visual artist[3]
Naomi King (born 1970) – Unitarian minister, daughter of author Stephen King[55]
Thomas Starr King (1824–1864) – minister who during his career served both in Universalist and in Unitarian churches[4][10]
James R. Killian (1904–1988) – president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology[3]
W.M. Kiplinger (1891–1967) – publisher of the Kiplinger Letters[3]
Abner Kneeland (1774–1844) – Universalist minister and denominational leader who, after leaving the denomination to become a leader in the freethought movement, was convicted and jailed for blasphemy.[5]
Richard Knight (1768–1844) – friend, colleague and follower of Joseph Priestley, developed the first method to make platinum malleable. Stored Priestley's library during his escape to America.[56]
L[edit]
William L. Langer (1896–1977) – historian of diplomacy[3]
T.V. John Langworthy (born 1947) – songwriter singer of popular songs given to him in dreams by God.
Margaret Laurence (1926–1987) – author[3]
Alfred McClung Lee (1906–1992) – sociologist[3]
Ernest George Lee (1896–1983) – prominent British Unitarian minister from 1931 to 1979 in Bolton, Shrewsbury, Brixton, Hampstead and Torquay. He was also a lifelong author, writer and longest serving editor of the Unitarian newspaper The Inquirer (1939–1962).
John Lewis (philosopher) (1889–1976) – British Unitarian minister and Marxist philosopher and author of many works on philosophy, anthropology, and religion.
Geoff Levermore – Nobel Peace Laureate 2007
Viola Liuzzo (1925–1965)[16]
Arthur Lismer (1885–1969) – Canadian painter, educator[3]
Mary Livermore (1820–1905) – Universalist[10]
Arthur Lovejoy (1873–1962) – founder of the History of Ideas movement[3]
M[edit]
George MacDonald (1824–1905) – Scottish author, poet, and Universalist
Tor Edvard Markussen (unknown date of birth) Norwegian teacher and Knausgård-enthusiast.[3]
John P. Marquand (1893–1960) – author[3]
Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850–1937) – first President of Czechoslovakia
Bernard Maybeck (1862–1957) – architect, Unitarian[3]
Scotty McLennan (born 1948) – dean for Religious Life at Stanford University, Minister of Stanford Memorial Church, and inspiration for the Reverend Scot Sloan character in the comic strip Doonesbury[3]
Adrian Melott (born 1947) – physicist and cosmologist
Herman Melville (1819–1891) – American writer best known for Moby-Dick[57]
Samuel Freeman Miller (1816–1890) – United States Supreme Court Justice from 1862 to 1890[58]
Robert Millikan (1868–1953) – Nobel Laureate in Physics 1923 for determining the charge of the electron, taught at CalTech in Pasadena CA[3]
Walt Minnick (born 1942) – Politician and representative for Idaho's 1st congressional district, United States House of Representatives[59]
Théodore Monod (1902–2000) – French activist. Founding president of the Francophone Unitarian Association
Ashley Montagu (1905–1999) – anthropologist and social biologist[3]
Christopher Moore – founder of the Chicago Children's Choir[3]
Mary Carr Moore (1873–1957) – composer, teacher, Far Western activist for American Music[3]
Peter Morales – eighth and current president of the Unitarian Universalist Association[60]
Arthur E. Morgan (1878–1975) – human engineer and college president[3]
John Murray (1741–1815) – Universalist minister and leader[5][10]
N[edit]
Maurine Neuberger (1907–2000) – US Senator[3]
Paul Newman (1925–2008) – actor, film director[16][61]
O[edit]
Keith Olbermann (born 1959) – news anchor, political commentator, and sports journalist.
Mary White Ovington (1865–1951) – NAACP founder[3]
P[edit]
Bob Packwood (born 1932) – U.S. Senator from Oregon (1969–1995)
John Palmer (1742–1786) – English Unitarian minister
David Park (1911–1960) – West coast painter.[3]
Isaac Parker (1768–1830) – Massachusetts Congressman and jurist, including Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1814 to his death.[62]
Theodore Parker (1810–1860) – Unitarian minister and transcendentalist[4][5][63]
Linus Pauling (1901–1994) – Nobel Laureate for Peace and for Chemistry[3]
Randy Pausch (1960–2008) – computer science professor at Carnegie Mellon University, Author of "The Last Lecture"[64]
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (1900–1979) – astronomer and astrophysicist.[3]
Melissa Harris-Perry (born 1973) – professor, author, and political commentator on MSNBC hosting the Melissa Harris-Perry (TV program).[65][66]
William James Perry, (born 1927) – former United States Secretary of Defense
William T. Pheiffer (1898–1986) – American lawyer/politician[67]
Utah Phillips, (1935–2008) – American singer, songwriter and homeless advocate
William Pickering (1910–2004) – space explorer[3]
James Pierpont (1822–1893) – songwriter ("Jingle Bells")[68]
Daniel Pinkham (1923–2006) – composer[3]
John Platts (1775–1837) – English Unitarian minister and author
Van Rensselaer Potter (1911–2001) – global bioethicist[3]
Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) – discoverer of oxygen and Unitarian minister[4]
George Pullman (1831–1897) – Universalist[10]
R[edit]
Mary Jane Rathbun (1860–1943) – marine zoologist[3]
Desmond Ravenstone (born 1963) – activist and educator on BDSM and sexual freedom issues, Unitarian Universalist blogger
James Reeb (1927–1965) – civil-rights martyr[16]
Curtis W. Reese (1887–1961) – religious humanist[3]
Christopher Reeve (1952–2004) – actor and Unitarian Universalist[16][69]
James Relly (c. 1722 – 1778) – Universalist[5][10]
Paul Revere (1735–1818)[4] – American silversmith, industrialist and patriot
David Ricardo (1772–1823) – British classical economist noted for creating the concept of comparative advantage
Malvina Reynolds (1900–1978) – songwriter / singer / activist[3]
Elliot Richardson (1920–1999) – often listed as "Anglican" but was a member of a UU church near Washington, D.C. for many years Lawyer and public servant[3]
Mark Ritchie (born 1951) – Minnesota Secretary of State (2007–)[70]
Benjamin Rush (1745–1813) – very active in the Universalist movement, although never technically joined a Universalist congregation[10]
S[edit]
Mary Safford (1851–1927) – Unitarian Minister and leader of the Iowa Sisterhood.[71]
Leverett Saltonstall (1892–1979) – U.S. Senator from Massachusetts[3]
Franklin Benjamin Sanborn (1831–1917) – one of the Secret Six who funded John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry; social scientist and memorialist of transcendentalism.
May Sarton (1912–1995) – poet[3][16]
Ellery Schempp (born 1940) – physicist who was the primary student involved in the landmark 1963 United States Supreme Court case of Abington School District v. Schempp, which declared that public school-sanctioned Bible readings were unconstitutional.[72]
Arthur Schlesinger (1917–2007) – American historian[3]
Richard Schultes (1915–2001) – explorer of the Amazon jungle[3]
William F. Schulz (born 1949) – former executive director of Amnesty International USA, former president of the Unitarian Universalist Association[73]
Albert Schweitzer (1875–1965) – Nobel Peace Laureate 1953, late in life unitarian; honorary member of the Church of the Larger Fellowship (Unitarian Friend)[3]
Pete Seeger (1919–2014) – folk singer and song writer[3][16]
Roy Wood Sellars (1880–1973) – philosopher of religious humanism[3]
Rod Serling (1924–1975) – writer; creator of The Twilight Zone television series.[3][74]
Lemuel Shaw (1781–1861) – Unitarian and chief justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. Under his leadership, the court convicted Abner Kneeland, a former Universalist, of blasphemy.[5]
Robert Gould Shaw (1837–1863) – colonel of the 54th Massachusetts, first regiment of free blacks in the Union Army.[75]
Ferdinand Schumacher (1822–1908) – one of the founders of companies which merged to become the Quaker Oats Company.[76][77]
Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001) – Nobel Laureate in Economics 1978, artificial intelligence pioneer[3]
Rev. William G. Sinkford (born 1946) – seventh president of the Unitarian Universalist Association[78]
Catherine Helen Spence (1825–1910) – Australian suffragette and political reformer[79]
Pete Stark (born 1931) – U.S. Representative, D-California.[80]
Vilhjalmur Stefansson (1879–1962) – Arctic explorer and champion of Native American rights[3]
Adlai Stevenson (1900–1965) – Illinois governor, and Democratic presidential candidate in 1952 and 1956[3]
Joseph Story (1779–1845) – United States Supreme Court Justice from 1811 to 1845.[81]
Dirk Jan Struik (1894–2000) – mathematician[82]
Jedediah Strutt (1726-1797) Pioneer cotton spinner and philanthropic employer.
Margaret Sutton (1903–2001) – author of the Judy Bolton series and other children's books[83]
T[edit]
William Howard Taft (1857–1930) – President of the United States (1909–1913)[4][21]
Clementia Taylor (1810–1908) – women's activist and radical[84]
V[edit]
William Vidler (1758–1816) – English Universalist and Unitarian minister
Kurt Vonnegut (1922–2007) – writer[16][85]
W[edit]
George Wald (1906–1997) – Nobel Laureate in Medicine 1967
Zach Wahls (born 1991) – LGBT activist
Caroline Farrar Ware (1899–1990) – historian and social activist[3]
William D. Washburn (1831–1912) – Universalist American politician and businessman[86]
Daniel Webster (1782–1852)[21]
Dawud Wharnsby (born 1972) – poet, singer and songwriter (Unitarian Universalist and Muslim)[87]
Alfred Tredway White (1846–1921) – housing reformer and philanthropist[88]
Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947) – philosopher (Unitarian Friend)[3]
Willis Rodney Whitney (1868–1958) – the "Father of Basic Research in Industry"[3]
Thomas Whittemore (1800–1861) – Universalist Minister, author and publisher
David Rhys Williams[3] (1890–1970) – American Unitarian minister
Edward Williams (bardic name Iolo Morganwg) (1747–1826) – Welsh antiquarian, poet, collector, forger
William Carlos Williams (1883–1963) – physician and author[3]
Samuel Williston (1861–1963) – dean of America's legal profession.[3]
Edwin H. Wilson (1898–1993) – Unitarian Humanist leader[3]
Ross Winans (1796–1877) – inventor and railroad pioneer
Joanne Woodward (born 1930) – actress, wife of Paul Newman[89]
Theodore Paul Wright (1895–1970) – aeronautical engineer[3]
Frank Lloyd Wright (1867–1959) – among Wright's architectural works were Unity Temple in Oak Park, Illinois, and First Unitarian Society in Madison, Wisconsin.[3][4][90]
Quincy Wright (1890–1970) – author of A Study of War[3]
Richard Wright (1764–1836) – English Unitarian minister and missionary
Sewall Wright (1889–1988) – evolutionary theorist.[3]
N.C. Wyeth (1882–1945) – illustrator and painter[3]
Y[edit]
Owen D. Young (1874–1962) – president and chairman of General Electric. Founder of Radio Corporation of America which helped found National Broadcasting Company. Drafted the Young Plan after World War I.[91]
Whitney M. Young (1921–1971) – social work administrator[3]
Z[edit]
John II Sigismund Zápolya (1540–1570) – king of Hungary, then prince of Transylvania.[4]
See also[edit]

Portal icon Religion portal
Lists of people by belief
Footnotes, citations and references[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Biographical Information for Abbot, Francis Ellingwood. Family Papers, 1815–1940, in the collections of the Andover-Harvard Theological Library, Harvard Divinity School. Retrieved August 28, 2007.
2.Jump up ^ Abigail Adams
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs Notable American Unitarians, 1936–1961, a project of the First Parish and the First Church in Cambridge (Unitarian Universalist), hosted at the website of Harvard Square Library. Project advisors: Gloria Korsman, Andover-Harvard Theological Library; Conrad Edick Wright, Massachusetts Historical Society; and Conrad Wright, Harvard Divinity School. (Archived July 3, 2007)
4.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Some famous Unitarians include presidents John Adams and John Quincy Adams, Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Paul Revere, President William Howard Taft, and Frank Lloyd Wright... Important figures from this period in Unitarian history include John Biddle, Francis David, Michael Servetus, King John Sigismund and Faustus Socinus... The influential Unitarians from this era included William Ellery Channing, Theodore Parker, Joseph Priestly [sic], and Thomas Starr King, who was also a Universalist." [1], uduuf.org. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
5.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Recent Scholarship in American Universalism: A Bibliographical Essay, Alan Seaburg, Church History, Vol. 41, No. 4. (Dec., 1972), pp. 513–523. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.
6.Jump up ^ "Delineated in detail are formative influences such as her... religious environment (Quaker and Unitarian)..." Suffrage for All, Review of Susan B. Anthony: Rebel, Crusader, Humanitarian by Alma Lutz. Review author: Hazel Browne Williams, The Phylon Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 2. (2nd Qtr., 1959), p. 205. . Retrieved August 25, 2007.
7.Jump up ^ Kohn, Alfie (March 20, 1987). "Crusader still leads way on abortion rights". USA Today.
8.Jump up ^ Marteka, Peter (October 31, 2005). "An 'Unfinished Crusade'". The Hartford Courant.
9.Jump up ^ "Ballou, the son of a poor Calvinist Baptist preacher, was converted to Universalism and began preaching the new "heresy" on a Calvinistic basis in 1791… His first sermon on a Unitarian and Arian base was preached in 1795. Within ten years, through the power of his argumentation, and against the opposition of the prominent Universalist John Murray, Ballou had converted the Universalist ministry to Unitarianism."Hosea Ballou, Preacher of Universal Salvation, Ernest Cassara, Church History, Vol. 26, No. 4. (Dec., 1957), p. 382. . Retrieved August 25, 2007.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j "Some famous Universalists include Clara Barton, Olympia Brown, Thomas Starr King, Horace Greeley, George Pullman, Mary Livermore, and Benjamin Rush. ...Universalist beliefs have been proclaimed for thousands of years, starting with Origen in 200 CE and continuing through to James Relly in the sixteen hundreds... Universalists including Hosea Ballou, John Murray, and Benjamin Rush helped to spread and develop their faith's teachings throughout the denomination's early years." Universalism, UUA.org, August 1, 2007. . Retrieved August 27, 2007.[dead link]
11.Jump up ^ Seaburg, Alan. P. T. Barnum. Unitarian Universalist Historical Society. . Retrieved February 20, 2008.
12.Jump up ^ The Jubilee Singers
13.^ Jump up to: a b "The Struggle for Racial Justice describes the key roles played by Unitarian and Universalist women... These women included Clara Barton, founder of the American Red Cross, and Julia Ward Howe, who wrote 'The Battle Hymn of the Republic.'" Exhibit "Standing Before Us: Unitarian Universalist Women and Social Reform" On Display at Women's Rights National Historical Park, Women's Rights National Historical Park news release, Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Contact: Vivien Rose. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.
14.Jump up ^ Millspaugh John. 5.15.11 uuworld http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/183480.shtml Accessed 8/10/13
15.Jump up ^ "Bergh used his wealth and prestige to raise public awareness of the suffering of animals and to enlist support from powerful New York businessmen, politicians, and religious leaders in the founding of the ASPCA. Among these was his minister, Henry Whitney Bellows of the First Congregational Church of New York City (now the Unitarian Church of All Souls)" http://www25-temp.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/henrybergh.html
16.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Some Unitarian Universalists of whom you may already have heard include Tim Berners-Lee, Paul Newman, Christopher Reeve, May Sarton, Pete Seeger, and Kurt Vonnegut... Unitarian Universalists James Reeb and Viola Liuzzo were killed because of their participation in this protest..." Unitarian Universalism, UUA.org, March 1, 2007. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.[dead link]
17.Jump up ^ Tim Berners-Lee, The World Wide Web and the "Web of Life"
18.Jump up ^ Gwen Foss (2003). A Who's who of U.U.s: A Concise Biographical Compendium of Prominent, Famous and Noteworthy Unitarians, Universalists and UUs. Gwen Foss.
19.Jump up ^ "...he was director of the American Unitarian Association (1942–48) and in 1949 began the first of five years as a director of the Unitarian Service Committee (1949–54). Chairman, Unitarian Development Fund Campaign (1959–62)." Hall of Fame: Percival Flack Brundage, Fisher College of Business at The Ohio State University, 1994–2004. (Archived.) Retrieved August 26, 2007.
20.Jump up ^ UUA: The John A. Buehrens Ministerial Scholarships (2 Scholarships)
21.^ Jump up to: a b c Vision & Values in a Post-9/11 World: A curriculum on Civil Liberties, Patriotism, and the U.S. Role Abroad for Unitarian Universalist Congregations, Developed by Pamela Sparr on behalf of the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations, Spring 2002. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.[dead link]
22.Jump up ^ Ruston, Alan. "Neville Chamberlain". Unitarian Universalist Historical Society. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
23.Jump up ^ "Andrew Carnegie and Lousie Whitfield were married in her home by the Rev. Dr. Charles H. Eaton, minister of the bride's family Universalist Church of the Divine Paternity in New York City." Biography of Louise Carnegie http://www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/Louise_Carnegie/Louise_Carnegie_Free_Library_Advocate.html
24.Jump up ^ David Nasaw, Andrew Carnegie, (Penguin, 2007) pg. 296 books.google.com/books?id=ni0EsmebjYwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s ISBN 0-14-311244-9, ISBN 978-0-14-311244-0
25.Jump up ^ Channing favored organized Unitarianism early in his career, but later distanced himself from Unitarianism as a sect, which he believed had become too orthodox, and identified himself as an "independent Christian." Channing and Transcendentalism, Arthur I. Ladu, American Literature, Vol. 11, No. 2. (May, 1939), pp. 129–137. . Retrieved August 25, 2007.
26.Jump up ^ Chauncy, Charles. (2007). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved August 29, 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online
27.Jump up ^ http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/293220.shtml
28.Jump up ^ Clark, Andrew Inglis (1848–1907) Biographical Entry – Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
29.Jump up ^ Unitarian Universalist Astronaut Laurel Clark Remembered with Flowers, Bagpipes, and Warm Recollections
30.Jump up ^ Kent Conrad on the issues
31.Jump up ^ Jordan, John Woolf (1912). Genealogical and Personal History of Fayette County Pennsylvania, Volume 1. Fayette County, PA: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.
32.Jump up ^ Morris Dees (1991). A season for justice: the life and times of civil rights lawyer Morris Dees. Scribner. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-684-19189-8.
33.Jump up ^ Charles Dickens
34.Jump up ^ Keohane, John. "Paul Douglas". Unitarian Universalist Historical Society. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
35.^ Jump up to: a b [2]
36.Jump up ^ Martin, Jonathan (April 8, 2008). "Obama's mother known here as "uncommon"". The Seattle Times.
37.Jump up ^ Emerton, Ephraim (1911). Unitarian Thought. New York: Macmillan Co. OCLC 1403642. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
38.Jump up ^ "The Religious Affiliations of U.S. Presidents". The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2013-05-23.
39.Jump up ^ "For 22 years he served as a parish minister of Unitarian churches in the Pacific Northwest." About the Author, from the official website of Robert Fulghum, 2006. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.
40.Jump up ^ French, Kimberly. Radiant Genius & Fiery Heart, UU World, Summer 2010 issue, pp. 36–41
41.Jump up ^ Elizabeth Gaskell (1810–1865) – Find A Grave Memorial
42.Jump up ^ Greta Gerwig, UU Film Star, by Cynthia Littleton, UUWorld, August 15, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2014
43.Jump up ^ Eleanor Elizabeth Gordon, article by Peter Hughes
44.Jump up ^ Mike Gravel's Unitarian Universalism, by Doug Muder, UUWorld, December 10, 2007. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
45.Jump up ^ [3], by Robert Christofle Canadian Unitarian Fall 2013 #2 Vol 55 Page 19
46.Jump up ^ [4] PDF
47.Jump up ^ Q&A with Gary Gygax, Part I
48.Jump up ^ UUA Directory 1973. Boston: Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations.
49.Jump up ^ http://www.allsoulskc.org/sermons/020728.html Archived February 12, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
50.Jump up ^ Wu, Duncan (2007). "Hazlitt, William (1737–1820)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press accessed 25 Nov 2011.
51.^ Jump up to: a b Davis D. Joyce (2007-05-30). Alternative Oklahoma: Contrarian Views of the Sooner State. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-8061-3819-0.
52.Jump up ^ Nick Kotz (2005). Judgment Days: Lyndon Baines Johnson, Martin Luther King Jr., And The Laws That Changed America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 132. ISBN 978-0-618-08825-6.
53.Jump up ^ "More than one Republican apologist fairly pointed out that the unitarian Jefferson was no greater an infidel than the unitarian Adams... Although [Jefferson] was elected to an Anglican parish vestry, no record exists of his having served in that capacity. He was famous for not attending church and did so semiregularly only during his presidency and near the end of his life. To friends, he referred to himself variously as a 'Theist,' 'Deist,' 'Unitarian,' 'Rational Christian,' and 'Epicurean'; 'I am a sect unto myself, as far as I know,' he wrote." America's Founding Faiths, by Forrest Church, UU World magazine, Vol. XXI, Nol 4, Winter 2007.
54.Jump up ^ [5]
55.Jump up ^ Stephen King#Personal life
56.Jump up ^ Hunt, L.B. (February 1985). "Richard Knight and the Production of Malleable Platinum the story of a forgotten Chemist" (PDF). Platinum Metals Review 29 (01): 48. Retrieved 2011-01-27. "pgs 29–35"
57.Jump up ^ "In Herman Melville's Religious Journey (1998), Walter Donald Kring detailed his discovery of letters indicating that Melville had been a member of the Unitarian Church of All Souls in New York City." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Melville#Death
58.Jump up ^ Fairman, Charles (1939). Mr. Justice Miller and the Supreme Court, 1862–1890. Harvard University Press. p. 14. ISBN 1-58477-267-0.
59.Jump up ^ uuworld.org : unitarian universalist elected to u.s. house
60.Jump up ^ http://www.uua.org/uuagovernance/officers/president/
61.Jump up ^ Kohn, Rachael. "ABC Radio National." New and Newer Religions: Unitarianism and Eckankar. Dr Rachael Kohn, 28 June 2009. Web. 11 Aug. 2013. <http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/spiritofthings/new-and-newer-religions-unitarianism-and-eckankar/3055854#transcript>.
62.Jump up ^ "The presiding judge, Isaac Parker, was himself a Unitarian." http://www.uua.org/re/tapestry/adults/river/workshop9/workshopplan/stories/178594.shtml
63.Jump up ^ "On February 24, 1860, the Boston Unitarian minister and transcendentalist, Theodore Parker, wrote Professor Desor from Rome..." Darwin and the Transcendentalists, John B. Wilson, Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 26, No. 2. (Apr. – June, 1965), p. 286. . Retrieved August 25, 2007.
64.Jump up ^ "Randy Pausch, Computer Science Professor at Carnegie Mellon University, died on July 25 after a two-year struggle with pancreatic cancer. A Unitarian Universalist who first came to this faith as a member of the First Unitarian Church of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania), Pausch was 47 years old. Celebrated in his field for co-founding the pioneering Carnegie Mellon Entertainment Technology Center and for creating the innovative educational software tool known as "Alice", Pausch earned his greatest worldwide fame for his "The Last Lecture", which was subsequently published by Hyperion Books.In Memoriam: Randy Pausch, UUA.org
65.Jump up ^ "Unitarian Universalist Melissa Harris-Perry is a distinguished academic and a commentator on MSNBC. She has written the book, "Barbershops, Bibles, and BET: Everyday Talk and Black Political Thought," and delivered the Ware Lecture at the 2009 General Assembly of the UUA." October 31, 2012 http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6186.shtml Retrieved August 11, 2013
66.Jump up ^ "Some famous modern-day Unitarian Universalists include Tim Berners-Lee, Melissa Harris-Perry, Christopher Reeve, May Sarton, Randy Pausch, Pete Seeger, Joanne Woodward, and Kurt Vonnegut." October 31, 2012 http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6186.shtml Retrieved August 11, 2013
67.Jump up ^ Famous Unitarian-Universalists, Famous Unitarians
68.Jump up ^ "James Pierpont, author of 'Jingle-Bells' and the son of AUA co-founder, John Pierpont Sr." http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6903.shtml
69.Jump up ^ "Unitarian Universalist... Christopher Reeve... was today remembered by UUA President William G. Sinkford... Sinkford said, '...Christopher bore witness in both word and deed to the healing power of his Unitarian Universalist faith. I am so thankful that he found a religious home with us and a faithful minister in the Rev. Frank Hall of the Westport (Connecticut) Unitarian Church.'" In Memoriam: Christopher Reeve, Unitarian Universalist, UUA.org, Oct. 12, 2004. . Retrieved August 27, 2007.
70.Jump up ^ Abraham, Martin, John and Dru by Mark Ritchie, excerpted from sermon delivered January 2008 at First Universalist Church of Minneapolis
71.Jump up ^ [6]Mary Augusta Safford Article by Celeste DeRoche
72.Jump up ^ Ellery Schempp's remarks at the Oct. 17 Arlington St. Church event: "Ahead of the Wave: UU Defense of Civil Liberties", delivered 17 October 2002, published 2007 at UUA.org archives . Retrieved 12 March 2009.
73.Jump up ^ High-profile advocate for human rights, by Kimberly French, UUWorld, Winter 2006 11.1.06
74.Jump up ^ "The Serlings joined the UU Community Church of Santa Monica, California..." * Looking back: 'Twilight Zone' writer challenged prejudice, by Kimberly French, UU World magazine, Vol. XXI, Nol 4, Winter 2007.
75.Jump up ^ "Shaw was the son of Sarah and Francis Shaw, two radical Unitarians who were among the first to embrace Transcendentalism, feminism, and abolitionism." http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/186477.shtml
76.Jump up ^ "Being liberal in his religious views, he was in reality a Universalist." http://www.genealogybug.net/oh_biographies/schumacher.shtml
77.Jump up ^ "The Quaker Oats company, for example, should have been called the Universalist Oats, for it was started by Ferdinand Schumacher, an Akron, Ohio, Universalist who got rich selling oatmeal to the Union army during the Civil War." http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/2745.shtml
78.Jump up ^ http://www.uua.org/administration/wsbio.html "Biographical sketch: The Reverend William G. Sinkford"
79.Jump up ^ # ^ http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A060190b.htm
80.Jump up ^ Stark called himself "a Unitarian who does not believe in a supreme being" and has been identified as an atheist. Rep. Stark applauded for atheist outlook: Believed to be first congressman to declare nontheism, Associated Press, March 13, 2007 . Retrieved June 15, 2007.
81.Jump up ^ Newmyer, Kent (1986). Supreme Court Justice Joseph Story: Statesman of the Old Republic. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 180. ISBN 978-0807841648.
82.Jump up ^ http://www-math.mit.edu/people/struik-obituary.html Archived September 9, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
83.Jump up ^ http://www.judybolton.com/obituary.html Obituary for Margaret Sutton Hunting
84.Jump up ^ "Clementia Taylor". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2012-12-22.
85.Jump up ^ Vonnegut said "I am an atheist (or at best a Unitarian who winds up in churches quite a lot)."Haught, James A. (1996). 2,000 Years of Disbelief: Famous People with the Courage to Doubt. Prometheus Books. ISBN 978-1-57392-067-4.
86.Jump up ^ "Bring O Past Your Honor: Congregation Histories : Minnesota". "W. D. Washburn was a chief founder of the church [First Universalist Church of Minneapolis] when it was formally incorporated in 1859, and a faithful member for fifty years. (From the Washburn family also early members of the church) came the present day Pillsbury and General Mills companies"
87.Jump up ^ "I am a Muslim and I worship in mosques when I am in Pakistan. I also worship in Unitarian Churches when I'm in the US..." * Global Citizen, by Dawud Wharnsby, Scout UK magazine, June/July 2010.
88.Jump up ^ "uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/alfredwhite.html White, a lifelong member of the church [The First Unitarian Church of Brooklyn]"
89.Jump up ^ "Some famous modern-day Unitarian Universalists include Tim Berners-Lee, Melissa Harris-Perry, Christopher Reeve, May Sarton, Randy Pausch, Pete Seeger, Joanne Woodward, and Kurt Vonnegut." October 2012 http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6186.shtml Accessed August 11, 2013
90.Jump up ^ "Frank Lloyd Wright's contact with All Souls Church may have begun in December 1884 when his father had preached there. The All Souls Church Fourth Annual, dated January 6, 1887, was the first to list Wright as a member..." [All Souls is a Unitarian church in Chicago, Illinois] Frank Lloyd Wright's Unity Temple and Architecture for Liberal Religion in Chicago, 1885–1909, Joseph Siry, The Art Bulletin, Vol. 73, No. 2. (Jun., 1991), pp. 257–282. . Retrieved August 26, 2007.
91.Jump up ^ "A devoted lifelong Universalist, today the peace tower at the Universalist National Memorial Church in Washington D.C. is named in Young’s honor." Biographical information on Owen D. Young. http://www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/Young/Home.html
External links[edit]
Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography
Famous UUs


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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unitarians,_Universalists,_and_Unitarian_Universalists








List of Unitarians, Universalists, and Unitarian Universalists

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This is an incomplete list that may not be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
See also History of Unitarianism
A number of notable people have considered themselves Unitarians, Universalists, and following the merger of these denominations in the United States and Canada in 1961, Unitarian Universalists. Additionally, there are persons who, because of their writings or reputation, are considered to have held Unitarian or Universalist beliefs. Individuals who held unitarian (nontrinitarian) beliefs but were not affiliated with Unitarian organizations are often referred to as "small 'u'" unitarians. The same principle can be applied to those who believed in universal salvation but were not members of Universalist organizations. This article, therefore, makes the distinction between capitalized "Unitarians" and "Universalists" and lowercase "unitarians" and "universalists".
The Unitarians and Universalists are groups that existed long before the creation of Unitarian Universalism.
Early Unitarians did not hold Universalist beliefs, and early Universalists did not hold Unitarian beliefs. But beginning in the nineteenth century the theologies of the two groups started becoming more similar.
Additionally, their eventual merger as the Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA) did not eliminate divergent Unitarian and Universalist congregations, especially outside the US. Even within the US, some congregations still keep only one of the two names, "Unitarian" or "Universalist". However, with only a few exceptions, all belong to the UUA—even those that maintain dual affiliation (e.g., Unitarian and Quaker). Transcendentalism was a movement that diverged from contemporary American Unitarianism but has been embraced by later Unitarians and Unitarian Universalists.
In Northern Ireland, Unitarian churches are officially called "Non-Subscribing Presbyterian", but are informally known as "Unitarian" and are affiliated with the Unitarian churches of the rest of the world.

Contents :

Top ·
 0–9 ·
 A ·
 B ·
 C ·
 D ·
 E ·
 F ·
 G ·
 H ·
 I ·
 J ·
 K ·
 L ·
 M ·
 N ·
 O ·
 P ·
 Q ·
 R ·
 S ·
 T ·
 U ·
 V ·
 W ·
 X ·
 Y ·
 Z

A[edit]
Francis Ellingwood Abbot (1836–1903) – Unitarian minister who led a group that attempted to liberalize the Unitarian constitution and preamble. He later helped found the Free Religious Association.[1]
Abigail Adams (1744–1818) – women's rights advocate and first Second Lady and the second First Lady of the United States[2]
James Luther Adams (1901–1994) – Unitarian theologian.[3]
John Adams (1735–1826)[4] – second President of the United States.
John Quincy Adams (1767–1848)[4] – sixth President of the United States. Co-founder, All Souls Church, Unitarian (Washington, D.C.)
Sarah Fuller Adams (1805–1848) – English poet and hymn writer
Conrad Aiken (1889–1973) – poet.[3]
Louisa May Alcott (1832–1888)[4] – author of Little Women.
Ethan Allen (1738–1789) – author of Reason the Only Oracle of Man, and the chief source of Hosea Ballou's universalist ideas.[5]
Joseph Henry Allen (1820–1898) – American Unitarian scholar and minister.
Arthur J. Altmeyer (1891–1972) – father of Social Security.[3]
J. M. Andrews (1871–1956) – Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (a Non-subscribing Presbyterian member)
Susan B. Anthony (1820–1906) – Quaker[6]
Robert Aspland (1782–1845) – English Unitarian minister, editor and activist, founder of the British and Foreign Unitarian Association
Robert Brook Aspland (1805–1869) – English Unitarian minister and editor, son of Robert Aspland
B[edit]
Samuel Bache (1804–1876) – English Unitarian minister
E. Burdette Backus (1888–1955) – Unitarian Humanist minister (originally a Universalist)[3]
Bill Baird (born 1932) – reproductive rights pioneer, Unitarian.[7][8]
Dr. Sara Josephine Baker (1873–1945) – physician and public health worker.[3]
Emily Greene Balch (1867–1961) – Nobel Peace Laureate[3]
Roger Nash Baldwin (1884–1981) – founder of American Civil Liberties Union[3]
Adin Ballou (1803–1890) – abolitionist and former Baptist who became a Universalist minister, then a Unitarian minister.[5]
Hosea Ballou (1771–1852) – American Universalist leader. (Universalist minister and a unitarian in theology)[5][9][10]
Aaron Bancroft (1755–1839) – Congregationalist Unitarian minister
John Bardeen (1908–1991) – physicist, Nobel Laureate 1956 (inventing the transistor) and in 1972 (superconductivity)[3]
Phineas Taylor Barnum (1810–1891) – American showman and Circus Owner[11]
Ysaye Maria Barnwell (born 1946) – member of Sweet Honey in the Rock, founded the Jubilee Singers, a choir at All Souls Church in Washington, D.C.[12]
Béla Bartók (1881–1945) – composer.[3]
Clara Barton (1821–1912) – organizer of American Red Cross, Universalist[10][13]
Christopher C. Bell (born 1933) – author
Ami Bera (born 1965) - US Representative for California
Henry Bergh (1811–1888) – founded the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.[14][15]
Tim Berners-Lee (born 1955) – inventor of the World Wide Web.[16][17]
Paul Blanshard (1892–1980) – activist.[3]
Chester Bliss Bowles (1901–1986) – Connecticut Governor and diplomat.[3]
Ray Bradbury (1920–2012) – author.[3]
T. Berry Brazelton (born 1918) – pediatrician, author, TV show host.[18]
Olympia Brown (1835–1926) – suffragist, Universalist minister[10]
Percival Brundage (1892–1979) – technocrat[19]
Rev. John A. Buehrens (born 1947) – president of the Unitarian Universalist Association from 1993–2001[20]
Charles Bulfinch (1763–1844) – most notable for being Architect of the Capitol. Co-founder, All Souls Church, Unitarian (Washington, D.C.)
Ralph Wendell Burhoe (1911–1997) – scholar[3]
Harold Hitz Burton (1888–1964) – U.S. Supreme Court Justice 1945–1958[3]
Edmund Butcher (1757–1822) – English minister
C[edit]
John C. Calhoun (1782–1850) – U.S Senator[21] Co-founder, All Souls Church, Unitarian (Washington, D.C.)
Neville Chamberlain (1869–1940) – British Prime Minister[22]
Walter Bradford Cannon (1871–1945) – experimental physiologist[3]
Louise Whitfield Carnegie (1857–1946) – wife of philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. After Carnegie died Louise made donations to charities.[23][24]
Lant Carpenter (1780–1840) – English Unitarian minister, author and educator
Russell Lant Carpenter (1816–1892) – Unitarian minister. Son and biographer of Dr. Lant Carpenter
William Ellery Channing (1780–1842) – Unitarian who later identified himself as an "independent Christian"[4][25]
Charles Chauncy (1592–1672) – Unitarian Congregationalist minister.[26]
Jesse Chickering (1797–1855) – Unitarian minister and economist
Brock Chisholm (1896–1971) – director, World Health Organization[3]
Parley P. Christensen (1869–1954) – Utah and California politician, Esperantist
Annie Clark (born 1982) – musician and singer-songwriter, better known by her stage name, St. Vincent (musician).[27]
Andrew Inglis Clark (1848–1907) – Tasmanian politician. Responsible for the adoption of the Hare-Clark system of proportional representation by the Parliament of Tasmania[28]
Grenville Clark (1882–1931) – author[3]
Joseph S. Clark (1901–1990) – US Senator and mayor of Philadelphia[3]
Laurel Clark (1961–2003) – US Navy officer and NASA Astronaut who died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster[29]
Stanley Cobb (1887–1968) – neurologist and psychiatrist[3]
William Cohen (born 1940) – U.S. Secretary of Defense (1997–2001), U.S. Senator from Maine (1979–1997)
Henry Steele Commager (1902–1998) – American historian and biographer of Theodore Parker[3]
Kent Conrad (born 1948) – U.S. Senator from North Dakota (1992–2013)[30]
William David Coolidge (1873–1975) – inventor, physician, research director[3]
Norman Cousins (1915–1990) – editor and writer, Unitarian friend[3]
E. E. Cummings (1894–1962) – poet and painter[3]
William Cushing (1732–1810) – one of the original US Supreme Court Justices, appointed by Geo. Washington and longest serving of the original justices (1789–1810).[31]
D[edit]
Cyrus Dallin (1861–1944) – American sculptor[3]
Ferenc Dávid (often rendered Francis David) (1510–1579) – Hungarian-Transylvanian priest, minister and bishop, first to use the word "Unitarian" to describe his faith[4]
George de Benneville (1703–1793) – Universalist[5]
Morris Dees (born 1936) – attorney, cofounder, chief legal counsel of Southern Poverty Law Center[32]
Karl W. Deutsch (1912–1992) – international political scientist[3]
John Dewey (1859–1952) – author of A Common Faith, Unitarian friend[3]
Charles Dickens (1812–1870) – English novelist.[33]
John H. Dietrich (1878–1957)[3] – Unitarian minister
James Drummond Dole (1877–1958) – entrepreneur[3]
Emily Taft Douglas (1899–1994) – US Representative, Illinois[3]
Paul Douglas (1892–1976) – US Senator, also a Quaker[3][34]
Madelyn Dunham (1922–2008) – grandmother of U.S. President Barack Obama[35]
Stanley Armour Dunham (1918–1992) – grandfather of Barack Obama[35]
Stanley Ann Dunham (1942–1995) – mother of Barack Obama[36]
E[edit]
Richard Eddy (1828–1906) – minister and author of 1886 book Universalism in America.[5]
Charles William Eliot (1834–1926) – landscape architect[3]
Samuel Atkins Eliot (1862–1950) – first president of the Unitarians[3]
Thomas H. Eliot (1907–1991) – legislator and educator[3]
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) – Unitarian minister and Transcendentalist[4]
William Emerson[disambiguation needed] – MIT dean of architecture[3]
Ephraim Emerton (1851–1935) – historian and educator[37]
Marc Estrin (born 1939) – American novelist and political activist
Charles Carroll Everett (1829–1900) – Unitarian minister and Harvard Divinity professor from Maine
F[edit]
Sophia Lyon Fahs (1876–1978) – liberal religious educator[3]
Millard Fillmore (1800–1874) – thirteenth President of the United States[38]
Joseph L. Fisher (1914–1992)[3] – U.S. congressman
Benjamin Flower (1755–1829) – English radical writer
James Freeman (1759–1835) – first American preacher to call himself a Unitarian
James Freeman Clarke (1810–1888) – Unitarian minister, theologian and author
Caleb Fleming (1698–1779) – English anti-Trinitarian dissenting minister
Robert Fulghum (born 1937) – UU minister and writer[39]
Buckminster Fuller (1895–1983) – inventor, engineer[3]
Margaret Fuller (1810–1850) – journalist[40]
G[edit]
Elizabeth Gaskell (1810–1865) – British novelist and social reformer[41]
Frank Gannett (1876–1957) – newspaper publisher[3]
Greta Gerwig (born 1983) – actor[42]
Henry Giles (1809–1882) – British-American Unitarian minister and writer
Eleanor Gordon (1852–1942) – minister and member of the Iowa Sisterhood.[43]
Mike Gravel (born 1930) – U.S. Senator; 2008 Democratic presidential candidate[44]
Dana Greeley (1908–1986) – the first president of the Unitarian Universalist Association[3]
Horace Greeley (1811–1872) – newspaper editor, presidential candidate, Universalist[10]
Robert Joseph Greene (born 1973)- Canadian author and LGBT Activist[45]
Chester Greenwood (1858–1937) – inventor[46]
Gary Gygax (1938–2008) – game designer and creator of Dungeons and Dragons, called himself a Christian, "albeit one that is of the Arian (Unitarian) persuasion."[47]
H[edit]
Edward Everett Hale (1822–1909) – American author, historian and Unitarian clergyman.
Ellen L. Hamilton (1921–1996) – artist, author, advocate for homeless teens, and member of UUA Board of Trustees (1973–1977).[48]
Phebe Ann Coffin Hannaford (1829–1921) – first lesbian clergywoman, biographer
Donald S. Harrington (1914–2005)[3]
Charles Hartshorne (1897–2000) – theologian[3][49]
John Hayward[disambiguation needed] philosopher of religion and the arts[3]
William Hazlitt (1737–1820) – influential Unitarian minister and father of the writer of the same name[50]
Thomas Wentworth Higginson (1823–1911) – Unitarian Minister and member of the Secret Six who funded John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry.
Lotta Hitschmanova (1909–1990) – founder, Unitarian Service Committee of Canada[3]
Jessica Holmes (born 1973) – cast member of "Air Farce".
John Holmes (1904–1962) – poet[3]
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (1841–1935) – American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1902 to 1932. Unitarian
W. R. Holway (1893–1981) – engineer in Tulsa, co-founded All Souls Unitarian Church in 1921.[51]
Julia Ward Howe (1819–1910) – author of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic".[13]
Roman Hruska (1904–1999) – conservative Republican Senator from Nebraska[52]
David Hubel (born 1926) – Nobel Prize Laureate in Medicine 1981
Charles Hudson (1795–1881) – Universalist minister and politician
Blake Hutchison (1980– ) filmmaker, Finding a Dream
J[edit]
Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) – third president of the US, Unitarian[53]
Joseph Johnson (1738–1809) – English publisher
Jenkin Lloyd Jones (1843–1918) – Unitarian missionary and minister in the United States[54]
Richard Lloyd Jones (1873–1963) – son of Jenkin Lloyd Jones, editor and publisher of the Tulsa Tribune, also co-founder of All Souls Unitarian Church in 1921.[51]
K[edit]
György Kepes (1906–2001) – visual artist[3]
Naomi King (born 1970) – Unitarian minister, daughter of author Stephen King[55]
Thomas Starr King (1824–1864) – minister who during his career served both in Universalist and in Unitarian churches[4][10]
James R. Killian (1904–1988) – president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology[3]
W.M. Kiplinger (1891–1967) – publisher of the Kiplinger Letters[3]
Abner Kneeland (1774–1844) – Universalist minister and denominational leader who, after leaving the denomination to become a leader in the freethought movement, was convicted and jailed for blasphemy.[5]
Richard Knight (1768–1844) – friend, colleague and follower of Joseph Priestley, developed the first method to make platinum malleable. Stored Priestley's library during his escape to America.[56]
L[edit]
William L. Langer (1896–1977) – historian of diplomacy[3]
T.V. John Langworthy (born 1947) – songwriter singer of popular songs given to him in dreams by God.
Margaret Laurence (1926–1987) – author[3]
Alfred McClung Lee (1906–1992) – sociologist[3]
Ernest George Lee (1896–1983) – prominent British Unitarian minister from 1931 to 1979 in Bolton, Shrewsbury, Brixton, Hampstead and Torquay. He was also a lifelong author, writer and longest serving editor of the Unitarian newspaper The Inquirer (1939–1962).
John Lewis (philosopher) (1889–1976) – British Unitarian minister and Marxist philosopher and author of many works on philosophy, anthropology, and religion.
Geoff Levermore – Nobel Peace Laureate 2007
Viola Liuzzo (1925–1965)[16]
Arthur Lismer (1885–1969) – Canadian painter, educator[3]
Mary Livermore (1820–1905) – Universalist[10]
Arthur Lovejoy (1873–1962) – founder of the History of Ideas movement[3]
M[edit]
George MacDonald (1824–1905) – Scottish author, poet, and Universalist
Tor Edvard Markussen (unknown date of birth) Norwegian teacher and Knausgård-enthusiast.[3]
John P. Marquand (1893–1960) – author[3]
Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850–1937) – first President of Czechoslovakia
Bernard Maybeck (1862–1957) – architect, Unitarian[3]
Scotty McLennan (born 1948) – dean for Religious Life at Stanford University, Minister of Stanford Memorial Church, and inspiration for the Reverend Scot Sloan character in the comic strip Doonesbury[3]
Adrian Melott (born 1947) – physicist and cosmologist
Herman Melville (1819–1891) – American writer best known for Moby-Dick[57]
Samuel Freeman Miller (1816–1890) – United States Supreme Court Justice from 1862 to 1890[58]
Robert Millikan (1868–1953) – Nobel Laureate in Physics 1923 for determining the charge of the electron, taught at CalTech in Pasadena CA[3]
Walt Minnick (born 1942) – Politician and representative for Idaho's 1st congressional district, United States House of Representatives[59]
Théodore Monod (1902–2000) – French activist. Founding president of the Francophone Unitarian Association
Ashley Montagu (1905–1999) – anthropologist and social biologist[3]
Christopher Moore – founder of the Chicago Children's Choir[3]
Mary Carr Moore (1873–1957) – composer, teacher, Far Western activist for American Music[3]
Peter Morales – eighth and current president of the Unitarian Universalist Association[60]
Arthur E. Morgan (1878–1975) – human engineer and college president[3]
John Murray (1741–1815) – Universalist minister and leader[5][10]
N[edit]
Maurine Neuberger (1907–2000) – US Senator[3]
Paul Newman (1925–2008) – actor, film director[16][61]
O[edit]
Keith Olbermann (born 1959) – news anchor, political commentator, and sports journalist.
Mary White Ovington (1865–1951) – NAACP founder[3]
P[edit]
Bob Packwood (born 1932) – U.S. Senator from Oregon (1969–1995)
John Palmer (1742–1786) – English Unitarian minister
David Park (1911–1960) – West coast painter.[3]
Isaac Parker (1768–1830) – Massachusetts Congressman and jurist, including Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1814 to his death.[62]
Theodore Parker (1810–1860) – Unitarian minister and transcendentalist[4][5][63]
Linus Pauling (1901–1994) – Nobel Laureate for Peace and for Chemistry[3]
Randy Pausch (1960–2008) – computer science professor at Carnegie Mellon University, Author of "The Last Lecture"[64]
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin (1900–1979) – astronomer and astrophysicist.[3]
Melissa Harris-Perry (born 1973) – professor, author, and political commentator on MSNBC hosting the Melissa Harris-Perry (TV program).[65][66]
William James Perry, (born 1927) – former United States Secretary of Defense
William T. Pheiffer (1898–1986) – American lawyer/politician[67]
Utah Phillips, (1935–2008) – American singer, songwriter and homeless advocate
William Pickering (1910–2004) – space explorer[3]
James Pierpont (1822–1893) – songwriter ("Jingle Bells")[68]
Daniel Pinkham (1923–2006) – composer[3]
John Platts (1775–1837) – English Unitarian minister and author
Van Rensselaer Potter (1911–2001) – global bioethicist[3]
Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) – discoverer of oxygen and Unitarian minister[4]
George Pullman (1831–1897) – Universalist[10]
R[edit]
Mary Jane Rathbun (1860–1943) – marine zoologist[3]
Desmond Ravenstone (born 1963) – activist and educator on BDSM and sexual freedom issues, Unitarian Universalist blogger
James Reeb (1927–1965) – civil-rights martyr[16]
Curtis W. Reese (1887–1961) – religious humanist[3]
Christopher Reeve (1952–2004) – actor and Unitarian Universalist[16][69]
James Relly (c. 1722 – 1778) – Universalist[5][10]
Paul Revere (1735–1818)[4] – American silversmith, industrialist and patriot
David Ricardo (1772–1823) – British classical economist noted for creating the concept of comparative advantage
Malvina Reynolds (1900–1978) – songwriter / singer / activist[3]
Elliot Richardson (1920–1999) – often listed as "Anglican" but was a member of a UU church near Washington, D.C. for many years Lawyer and public servant[3]
Mark Ritchie (born 1951) – Minnesota Secretary of State (2007–)[70]
Benjamin Rush (1745–1813) – very active in the Universalist movement, although never technically joined a Universalist congregation[10]
S[edit]
Mary Safford (1851–1927) – Unitarian Minister and leader of the Iowa Sisterhood.[71]
Leverett Saltonstall (1892–1979) – U.S. Senator from Massachusetts[3]
Franklin Benjamin Sanborn (1831–1917) – one of the Secret Six who funded John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry; social scientist and memorialist of transcendentalism.
May Sarton (1912–1995) – poet[3][16]
Ellery Schempp (born 1940) – physicist who was the primary student involved in the landmark 1963 United States Supreme Court case of Abington School District v. Schempp, which declared that public school-sanctioned Bible readings were unconstitutional.[72]
Arthur Schlesinger (1917–2007) – American historian[3]
Richard Schultes (1915–2001) – explorer of the Amazon jungle[3]
William F. Schulz (born 1949) – former executive director of Amnesty International USA, former president of the Unitarian Universalist Association[73]
Albert Schweitzer (1875–1965) – Nobel Peace Laureate 1953, late in life unitarian; honorary member of the Church of the Larger Fellowship (Unitarian Friend)[3]
Pete Seeger (1919–2014) – folk singer and song writer[3][16]
Roy Wood Sellars (1880–1973) – philosopher of religious humanism[3]
Rod Serling (1924–1975) – writer; creator of The Twilight Zone television series.[3][74]
Lemuel Shaw (1781–1861) – Unitarian and chief justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. Under his leadership, the court convicted Abner Kneeland, a former Universalist, of blasphemy.[5]
Robert Gould Shaw (1837–1863) – colonel of the 54th Massachusetts, first regiment of free blacks in the Union Army.[75]
Ferdinand Schumacher (1822–1908) – one of the founders of companies which merged to become the Quaker Oats Company.[76][77]
Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001) – Nobel Laureate in Economics 1978, artificial intelligence pioneer[3]
Rev. William G. Sinkford (born 1946) – seventh president of the Unitarian Universalist Association[78]
Catherine Helen Spence (1825–1910) – Australian suffragette and political reformer[79]
Pete Stark (born 1931) – U.S. Representative, D-California.[80]
Vilhjalmur Stefansson (1879–1962) – Arctic explorer and champion of Native American rights[3]
Adlai Stevenson (1900–1965) – Illinois governor, and Democratic presidential candidate in 1952 and 1956[3]
Joseph Story (1779–1845) – United States Supreme Court Justice from 1811 to 1845.[81]
Dirk Jan Struik (1894–2000) – mathematician[82]
Jedediah Strutt (1726-1797) Pioneer cotton spinner and philanthropic employer.
Margaret Sutton (1903–2001) – author of the Judy Bolton series and other children's books[83]
T[edit]
William Howard Taft (1857–1930) – President of the United States (1909–1913)[4][21]
Clementia Taylor (1810–1908) – women's activist and radical[84]
V[edit]
William Vidler (1758–1816) – English Universalist and Unitarian minister
Kurt Vonnegut (1922–2007) – writer[16][85]
W[edit]
George Wald (1906–1997) – Nobel Laureate in Medicine 1967
Zach Wahls (born 1991) – LGBT activist
Caroline Farrar Ware (1899–1990) – historian and social activist[3]
William D. Washburn (1831–1912) – Universalist American politician and businessman[86]
Daniel Webster (1782–1852)[21]
Dawud Wharnsby (born 1972) – poet, singer and songwriter (Unitarian Universalist and Muslim)[87]
Alfred Tredway White (1846–1921) – housing reformer and philanthropist[88]
Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947) – philosopher (Unitarian Friend)[3]
Willis Rodney Whitney (1868–1958) – the "Father of Basic Research in Industry"[3]
Thomas Whittemore (1800–1861) – Universalist Minister, author and publisher
David Rhys Williams[3] (1890–1970) – American Unitarian minister
Edward Williams (bardic name Iolo Morganwg) (1747–1826) – Welsh antiquarian, poet, collector, forger
William Carlos Williams (1883–1963) – physician and author[3]
Samuel Williston (1861–1963) – dean of America's legal profession.[3]
Edwin H. Wilson (1898–1993) – Unitarian Humanist leader[3]
Ross Winans (1796–1877) – inventor and railroad pioneer
Joanne Woodward (born 1930) – actress, wife of Paul Newman[89]
Theodore Paul Wright (1895–1970) – aeronautical engineer[3]
Frank Lloyd Wright (1867–1959) – among Wright's architectural works were Unity Temple in Oak Park, Illinois, and First Unitarian Society in Madison, Wisconsin.[3][4][90]
Quincy Wright (1890–1970) – author of A Study of War[3]
Richard Wright (1764–1836) – English Unitarian minister and missionary
Sewall Wright (1889–1988) – evolutionary theorist.[3]
N.C. Wyeth (1882–1945) – illustrator and painter[3]
Y[edit]
Owen D. Young (1874–1962) – president and chairman of General Electric. Founder of Radio Corporation of America which helped found National Broadcasting Company. Drafted the Young Plan after World War I.[91]
Whitney M. Young (1921–1971) – social work administrator[3]
Z[edit]
John II Sigismund Zápolya (1540–1570) – king of Hungary, then prince of Transylvania.[4]
See also[edit]

Portal icon Religion portal
Lists of people by belief
Footnotes, citations and references[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Biographical Information for Abbot, Francis Ellingwood. Family Papers, 1815–1940, in the collections of the Andover-Harvard Theological Library, Harvard Divinity School. Retrieved August 28, 2007.
2.Jump up ^ Abigail Adams
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs Notable American Unitarians, 1936–1961, a project of the First Parish and the First Church in Cambridge (Unitarian Universalist), hosted at the website of Harvard Square Library. Project advisors: Gloria Korsman, Andover-Harvard Theological Library; Conrad Edick Wright, Massachusetts Historical Society; and Conrad Wright, Harvard Divinity School. (Archived July 3, 2007)
4.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Some famous Unitarians include presidents John Adams and John Quincy Adams, Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Paul Revere, President William Howard Taft, and Frank Lloyd Wright... Important figures from this period in Unitarian history include John Biddle, Francis David, Michael Servetus, King John Sigismund and Faustus Socinus... The influential Unitarians from this era included William Ellery Channing, Theodore Parker, Joseph Priestly [sic], and Thomas Starr King, who was also a Universalist." [1], uduuf.org. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
5.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Recent Scholarship in American Universalism: A Bibliographical Essay, Alan Seaburg, Church History, Vol. 41, No. 4. (Dec., 1972), pp. 513–523. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.
6.Jump up ^ "Delineated in detail are formative influences such as her... religious environment (Quaker and Unitarian)..." Suffrage for All, Review of Susan B. Anthony: Rebel, Crusader, Humanitarian by Alma Lutz. Review author: Hazel Browne Williams, The Phylon Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 2. (2nd Qtr., 1959), p. 205. . Retrieved August 25, 2007.
7.Jump up ^ Kohn, Alfie (March 20, 1987). "Crusader still leads way on abortion rights". USA Today.
8.Jump up ^ Marteka, Peter (October 31, 2005). "An 'Unfinished Crusade'". The Hartford Courant.
9.Jump up ^ "Ballou, the son of a poor Calvinist Baptist preacher, was converted to Universalism and began preaching the new "heresy" on a Calvinistic basis in 1791… His first sermon on a Unitarian and Arian base was preached in 1795. Within ten years, through the power of his argumentation, and against the opposition of the prominent Universalist John Murray, Ballou had converted the Universalist ministry to Unitarianism."Hosea Ballou, Preacher of Universal Salvation, Ernest Cassara, Church History, Vol. 26, No. 4. (Dec., 1957), p. 382. . Retrieved August 25, 2007.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j "Some famous Universalists include Clara Barton, Olympia Brown, Thomas Starr King, Horace Greeley, George Pullman, Mary Livermore, and Benjamin Rush. ...Universalist beliefs have been proclaimed for thousands of years, starting with Origen in 200 CE and continuing through to James Relly in the sixteen hundreds... Universalists including Hosea Ballou, John Murray, and Benjamin Rush helped to spread and develop their faith's teachings throughout the denomination's early years." Universalism, UUA.org, August 1, 2007. . Retrieved August 27, 2007.[dead link]
11.Jump up ^ Seaburg, Alan. P. T. Barnum. Unitarian Universalist Historical Society. . Retrieved February 20, 2008.
12.Jump up ^ The Jubilee Singers
13.^ Jump up to: a b "The Struggle for Racial Justice describes the key roles played by Unitarian and Universalist women... These women included Clara Barton, founder of the American Red Cross, and Julia Ward Howe, who wrote 'The Battle Hymn of the Republic.'" Exhibit "Standing Before Us: Unitarian Universalist Women and Social Reform" On Display at Women's Rights National Historical Park, Women's Rights National Historical Park news release, Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Contact: Vivien Rose. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.
14.Jump up ^ Millspaugh John. 5.15.11 uuworld http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/183480.shtml Accessed 8/10/13
15.Jump up ^ "Bergh used his wealth and prestige to raise public awareness of the suffering of animals and to enlist support from powerful New York businessmen, politicians, and religious leaders in the founding of the ASPCA. Among these was his minister, Henry Whitney Bellows of the First Congregational Church of New York City (now the Unitarian Church of All Souls)" http://www25-temp.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/henrybergh.html
16.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Some Unitarian Universalists of whom you may already have heard include Tim Berners-Lee, Paul Newman, Christopher Reeve, May Sarton, Pete Seeger, and Kurt Vonnegut... Unitarian Universalists James Reeb and Viola Liuzzo were killed because of their participation in this protest..." Unitarian Universalism, UUA.org, March 1, 2007. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.[dead link]
17.Jump up ^ Tim Berners-Lee, The World Wide Web and the "Web of Life"
18.Jump up ^ Gwen Foss (2003). A Who's who of U.U.s: A Concise Biographical Compendium of Prominent, Famous and Noteworthy Unitarians, Universalists and UUs. Gwen Foss.
19.Jump up ^ "...he was director of the American Unitarian Association (1942–48) and in 1949 began the first of five years as a director of the Unitarian Service Committee (1949–54). Chairman, Unitarian Development Fund Campaign (1959–62)." Hall of Fame: Percival Flack Brundage, Fisher College of Business at The Ohio State University, 1994–2004. (Archived.) Retrieved August 26, 2007.
20.Jump up ^ UUA: The John A. Buehrens Ministerial Scholarships (2 Scholarships)
21.^ Jump up to: a b c Vision & Values in a Post-9/11 World: A curriculum on Civil Liberties, Patriotism, and the U.S. Role Abroad for Unitarian Universalist Congregations, Developed by Pamela Sparr on behalf of the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations, Spring 2002. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.[dead link]
22.Jump up ^ Ruston, Alan. "Neville Chamberlain". Unitarian Universalist Historical Society. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
23.Jump up ^ "Andrew Carnegie and Lousie Whitfield were married in her home by the Rev. Dr. Charles H. Eaton, minister of the bride's family Universalist Church of the Divine Paternity in New York City." Biography of Louise Carnegie http://www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/Louise_Carnegie/Louise_Carnegie_Free_Library_Advocate.html
24.Jump up ^ David Nasaw, Andrew Carnegie, (Penguin, 2007) pg. 296 books.google.com/books?id=ni0EsmebjYwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s ISBN 0-14-311244-9, ISBN 978-0-14-311244-0
25.Jump up ^ Channing favored organized Unitarianism early in his career, but later distanced himself from Unitarianism as a sect, which he believed had become too orthodox, and identified himself as an "independent Christian." Channing and Transcendentalism, Arthur I. Ladu, American Literature, Vol. 11, No. 2. (May, 1939), pp. 129–137. . Retrieved August 25, 2007.
26.Jump up ^ Chauncy, Charles. (2007). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved August 29, 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online
27.Jump up ^ http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/293220.shtml
28.Jump up ^ Clark, Andrew Inglis (1848–1907) Biographical Entry – Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
29.Jump up ^ Unitarian Universalist Astronaut Laurel Clark Remembered with Flowers, Bagpipes, and Warm Recollections
30.Jump up ^ Kent Conrad on the issues
31.Jump up ^ Jordan, John Woolf (1912). Genealogical and Personal History of Fayette County Pennsylvania, Volume 1. Fayette County, PA: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.
32.Jump up ^ Morris Dees (1991). A season for justice: the life and times of civil rights lawyer Morris Dees. Scribner. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-684-19189-8.
33.Jump up ^ Charles Dickens
34.Jump up ^ Keohane, John. "Paul Douglas". Unitarian Universalist Historical Society. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
35.^ Jump up to: a b [2]
36.Jump up ^ Martin, Jonathan (April 8, 2008). "Obama's mother known here as "uncommon"". The Seattle Times.
37.Jump up ^ Emerton, Ephraim (1911). Unitarian Thought. New York: Macmillan Co. OCLC 1403642. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
38.Jump up ^ "The Religious Affiliations of U.S. Presidents". The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2013-05-23.
39.Jump up ^ "For 22 years he served as a parish minister of Unitarian churches in the Pacific Northwest." About the Author, from the official website of Robert Fulghum, 2006. . Retrieved August 28, 2007.
40.Jump up ^ French, Kimberly. Radiant Genius & Fiery Heart, UU World, Summer 2010 issue, pp. 36–41
41.Jump up ^ Elizabeth Gaskell (1810–1865) – Find A Grave Memorial
42.Jump up ^ Greta Gerwig, UU Film Star, by Cynthia Littleton, UUWorld, August 15, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2014
43.Jump up ^ Eleanor Elizabeth Gordon, article by Peter Hughes
44.Jump up ^ Mike Gravel's Unitarian Universalism, by Doug Muder, UUWorld, December 10, 2007. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
45.Jump up ^ [3], by Robert Christofle Canadian Unitarian Fall 2013 #2 Vol 55 Page 19
46.Jump up ^ [4] PDF
47.Jump up ^ Q&A with Gary Gygax, Part I
48.Jump up ^ UUA Directory 1973. Boston: Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations.
49.Jump up ^ http://www.allsoulskc.org/sermons/020728.html Archived February 12, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
50.Jump up ^ Wu, Duncan (2007). "Hazlitt, William (1737–1820)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press accessed 25 Nov 2011.
51.^ Jump up to: a b Davis D. Joyce (2007-05-30). Alternative Oklahoma: Contrarian Views of the Sooner State. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 213. ISBN 978-0-8061-3819-0.
52.Jump up ^ Nick Kotz (2005). Judgment Days: Lyndon Baines Johnson, Martin Luther King Jr., And The Laws That Changed America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 132. ISBN 978-0-618-08825-6.
53.Jump up ^ "More than one Republican apologist fairly pointed out that the unitarian Jefferson was no greater an infidel than the unitarian Adams... Although [Jefferson] was elected to an Anglican parish vestry, no record exists of his having served in that capacity. He was famous for not attending church and did so semiregularly only during his presidency and near the end of his life. To friends, he referred to himself variously as a 'Theist,' 'Deist,' 'Unitarian,' 'Rational Christian,' and 'Epicurean'; 'I am a sect unto myself, as far as I know,' he wrote." America's Founding Faiths, by Forrest Church, UU World magazine, Vol. XXI, Nol 4, Winter 2007.
54.Jump up ^ [5]
55.Jump up ^ Stephen King#Personal life
56.Jump up ^ Hunt, L.B. (February 1985). "Richard Knight and the Production of Malleable Platinum the story of a forgotten Chemist" (PDF). Platinum Metals Review 29 (01): 48. Retrieved 2011-01-27. "pgs 29–35"
57.Jump up ^ "In Herman Melville's Religious Journey (1998), Walter Donald Kring detailed his discovery of letters indicating that Melville had been a member of the Unitarian Church of All Souls in New York City." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Melville#Death
58.Jump up ^ Fairman, Charles (1939). Mr. Justice Miller and the Supreme Court, 1862–1890. Harvard University Press. p. 14. ISBN 1-58477-267-0.
59.Jump up ^ uuworld.org : unitarian universalist elected to u.s. house
60.Jump up ^ http://www.uua.org/uuagovernance/officers/president/
61.Jump up ^ Kohn, Rachael. "ABC Radio National." New and Newer Religions: Unitarianism and Eckankar. Dr Rachael Kohn, 28 June 2009. Web. 11 Aug. 2013. <http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/spiritofthings/new-and-newer-religions-unitarianism-and-eckankar/3055854#transcript>.
62.Jump up ^ "The presiding judge, Isaac Parker, was himself a Unitarian." http://www.uua.org/re/tapestry/adults/river/workshop9/workshopplan/stories/178594.shtml
63.Jump up ^ "On February 24, 1860, the Boston Unitarian minister and transcendentalist, Theodore Parker, wrote Professor Desor from Rome..." Darwin and the Transcendentalists, John B. Wilson, Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 26, No. 2. (Apr. – June, 1965), p. 286. . Retrieved August 25, 2007.
64.Jump up ^ "Randy Pausch, Computer Science Professor at Carnegie Mellon University, died on July 25 after a two-year struggle with pancreatic cancer. A Unitarian Universalist who first came to this faith as a member of the First Unitarian Church of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania), Pausch was 47 years old. Celebrated in his field for co-founding the pioneering Carnegie Mellon Entertainment Technology Center and for creating the innovative educational software tool known as "Alice", Pausch earned his greatest worldwide fame for his "The Last Lecture", which was subsequently published by Hyperion Books.In Memoriam: Randy Pausch, UUA.org
65.Jump up ^ "Unitarian Universalist Melissa Harris-Perry is a distinguished academic and a commentator on MSNBC. She has written the book, "Barbershops, Bibles, and BET: Everyday Talk and Black Political Thought," and delivered the Ware Lecture at the 2009 General Assembly of the UUA." October 31, 2012 http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6186.shtml Retrieved August 11, 2013
66.Jump up ^ "Some famous modern-day Unitarian Universalists include Tim Berners-Lee, Melissa Harris-Perry, Christopher Reeve, May Sarton, Randy Pausch, Pete Seeger, Joanne Woodward, and Kurt Vonnegut." October 31, 2012 http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6186.shtml Retrieved August 11, 2013
67.Jump up ^ Famous Unitarian-Universalists, Famous Unitarians
68.Jump up ^ "James Pierpont, author of 'Jingle-Bells' and the son of AUA co-founder, John Pierpont Sr." http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6903.shtml
69.Jump up ^ "Unitarian Universalist... Christopher Reeve... was today remembered by UUA President William G. Sinkford... Sinkford said, '...Christopher bore witness in both word and deed to the healing power of his Unitarian Universalist faith. I am so thankful that he found a religious home with us and a faithful minister in the Rev. Frank Hall of the Westport (Connecticut) Unitarian Church.'" In Memoriam: Christopher Reeve, Unitarian Universalist, UUA.org, Oct. 12, 2004. . Retrieved August 27, 2007.
70.Jump up ^ Abraham, Martin, John and Dru by Mark Ritchie, excerpted from sermon delivered January 2008 at First Universalist Church of Minneapolis
71.Jump up ^ [6]Mary Augusta Safford Article by Celeste DeRoche
72.Jump up ^ Ellery Schempp's remarks at the Oct. 17 Arlington St. Church event: "Ahead of the Wave: UU Defense of Civil Liberties", delivered 17 October 2002, published 2007 at UUA.org archives . Retrieved 12 March 2009.
73.Jump up ^ High-profile advocate for human rights, by Kimberly French, UUWorld, Winter 2006 11.1.06
74.Jump up ^ "The Serlings joined the UU Community Church of Santa Monica, California..." * Looking back: 'Twilight Zone' writer challenged prejudice, by Kimberly French, UU World magazine, Vol. XXI, Nol 4, Winter 2007.
75.Jump up ^ "Shaw was the son of Sarah and Francis Shaw, two radical Unitarians who were among the first to embrace Transcendentalism, feminism, and abolitionism." http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/186477.shtml
76.Jump up ^ "Being liberal in his religious views, he was in reality a Universalist." http://www.genealogybug.net/oh_biographies/schumacher.shtml
77.Jump up ^ "The Quaker Oats company, for example, should have been called the Universalist Oats, for it was started by Ferdinand Schumacher, an Akron, Ohio, Universalist who got rich selling oatmeal to the Union army during the Civil War." http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/2745.shtml
78.Jump up ^ http://www.uua.org/administration/wsbio.html "Biographical sketch: The Reverend William G. Sinkford"
79.Jump up ^ # ^ http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A060190b.htm
80.Jump up ^ Stark called himself "a Unitarian who does not believe in a supreme being" and has been identified as an atheist. Rep. Stark applauded for atheist outlook: Believed to be first congressman to declare nontheism, Associated Press, March 13, 2007 . Retrieved June 15, 2007.
81.Jump up ^ Newmyer, Kent (1986). Supreme Court Justice Joseph Story: Statesman of the Old Republic. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 180. ISBN 978-0807841648.
82.Jump up ^ http://www-math.mit.edu/people/struik-obituary.html Archived September 9, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
83.Jump up ^ http://www.judybolton.com/obituary.html Obituary for Margaret Sutton Hunting
84.Jump up ^ "Clementia Taylor". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2012-12-22.
85.Jump up ^ Vonnegut said "I am an atheist (or at best a Unitarian who winds up in churches quite a lot)."Haught, James A. (1996). 2,000 Years of Disbelief: Famous People with the Courage to Doubt. Prometheus Books. ISBN 978-1-57392-067-4.
86.Jump up ^ "Bring O Past Your Honor: Congregation Histories : Minnesota". "W. D. Washburn was a chief founder of the church [First Universalist Church of Minneapolis] when it was formally incorporated in 1859, and a faithful member for fifty years. (From the Washburn family also early members of the church) came the present day Pillsbury and General Mills companies"
87.Jump up ^ "I am a Muslim and I worship in mosques when I am in Pakistan. I also worship in Unitarian Churches when I'm in the US..." * Global Citizen, by Dawud Wharnsby, Scout UK magazine, June/July 2010.
88.Jump up ^ "uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/alfredwhite.html White, a lifelong member of the church [The First Unitarian Church of Brooklyn]"
89.Jump up ^ "Some famous modern-day Unitarian Universalists include Tim Berners-Lee, Melissa Harris-Perry, Christopher Reeve, May Sarton, Randy Pausch, Pete Seeger, Joanne Woodward, and Kurt Vonnegut." October 2012 http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6186.shtml Accessed August 11, 2013
90.Jump up ^ "Frank Lloyd Wright's contact with All Souls Church may have begun in December 1884 when his father had preached there. The All Souls Church Fourth Annual, dated January 6, 1887, was the first to list Wright as a member..." [All Souls is a Unitarian church in Chicago, Illinois] Frank Lloyd Wright's Unity Temple and Architecture for Liberal Religion in Chicago, 1885–1909, Joseph Siry, The Art Bulletin, Vol. 73, No. 2. (Jun., 1991), pp. 257–282. . Retrieved August 26, 2007.
91.Jump up ^ "A devoted lifelong Universalist, today the peace tower at the Universalist National Memorial Church in Washington D.C. is named in Young’s honor." Biographical information on Owen D. Young. http://www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/Young/Home.html
External links[edit]
Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography
Famous UUs


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Category:Unitarian Universalists

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This category is for articles on people who are or have been associated with modern Unitarian Universalism. For articles on those who were associated with either Unitarianism or Universalism before the merger of the two, or who were instrumental in early works that lead to either would be better included in Category:Unitarians or Category:Christian Universalists. Individuals in this category may be Christians, Unitarians, or Universalists and should be categorized as such.
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Unitarian Universalists.

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 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
   

Subcategories
This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total.

A

►  American Unitarian Universalists‎ (82 P)


C

►  Canadian Unitarian Universalists‎ (5 P)



►  Unitarian Universalist clergy‎ (14 P)


L

►  LGBT Unitarian Universalists‎ (2 P)



Pages in category "Unitarian Universalists"
The following 13 pages are in this category, out of 13 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).



B
Tim Berners-Lee
Ralph Wendell Burhoe

F
Sophia Lyon Fahs
B. O. Flower

G
Frank A. Golder

H
Melissa Harris-Perry
Rosamond Davenport Hill

J
Julian Jaynes

L
List of Unitarians, Universalists, and Unitarian Universalists

P
Randy Pausch

R
G. Vincent Runyon

T
A.D.Thompson
Karen I. Tse



Categories: Unitarian Universalism
Universalists
Unitarians
Hidden categories: Commons category with local link same as on Wikidata


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Category:Unitarian Universalists

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This category is for articles on people who are or have been associated with modern Unitarian Universalism. For articles on those who were associated with either Unitarianism or Universalism before the merger of the two, or who were instrumental in early works that lead to either would be better included in Category:Unitarians or Category:Christian Universalists. Individuals in this category may be Christians, Unitarians, or Universalists and should be categorized as such.
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Unitarian Universalists.

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 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
   

Subcategories
This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total.

A

►  American Unitarian Universalists‎ (82 P)


C

►  Canadian Unitarian Universalists‎ (5 P)



►  Unitarian Universalist clergy‎ (14 P)


L

►  LGBT Unitarian Universalists‎ (2 P)



Pages in category "Unitarian Universalists"
The following 13 pages are in this category, out of 13 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).



B
Tim Berners-Lee
Ralph Wendell Burhoe

F
Sophia Lyon Fahs
B. O. Flower

G
Frank A. Golder

H
Melissa Harris-Perry
Rosamond Davenport Hill

J
Julian Jaynes

L
List of Unitarians, Universalists, and Unitarian Universalists

P
Randy Pausch

R
G. Vincent Runyon

T
A.D.Thompson
Karen I. Tse



Categories: Unitarian Universalism
Universalists
Unitarians
Hidden categories: Commons category with local link same as on Wikidata


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Unitarian_Universalists








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Category:American Unitarian Universalists

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

This category is for articles on Americans who have belonged to the religious organization the Unitarian Universalist Association, an organization established in 1961 from the merger of the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church of America. For articles on Americans who were Unitarians or Universalists prior to the formation of this organization (including persons who were both, such as Adin Ballou), see Category:American Unitarians and Category:American Christian Universalists. Individuals in this category may be Christians, Unitarians, or Universalists and should be categorized as such.
  

Pages in category "American Unitarian Universalists"
The following 82 pages are in this category, out of 82 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).



A
James Luther Adams

B
Vern Barnet
Ysaye Maria Barnwell
Ami Bera
Cecil Bothwell
Andre Braugher
Walt Brown
John A. Buehrens

C
C. Conrad Wright
Forrest Church
Joseph S. Clark, Jr.
Laurel Clark
Eleanor Clymer
William Cohen
Samuel Collins (politician)
Kent Conrad
Robert S. Corrington
Chris Crass

D
Joan Darrah
Tim DeChristopher
Andy Devine
Nancy Dorian
Emily Taft Douglas

E
John Ely (Iowa politician)

F
Jay Fisette
Joseph L. Fisher
James Ishmael Ford
Robert Fulghum

G
Greta Gerwig
Dorothy Gilman
Samuel Pearson Goddard, Jr.
Terry Goddard
Mike Gravel
Dana McLean Greeley

H
Debra Haffner
Henry Hampton
Janet Howell

J
Homer A. Jack
Nancy Johnson

K
Webster Kitchell
Malcolm Knowles
Gary A. Kowalski

L
Spencer Lavan
Viola Liuzzo

M
Elise Matthesen
Ben Meiklejohn
Adrian Melott
Walt Minnick
Slim Moon
Peter Morales

N
G. David Nordley

O
Mary Yamashiro Otani

P
Bob Packwood
William Perry
Russell W. Peterson
Mark de Solla Price

R
Desmond Ravenstone
Christopher Reeve

S
Leverett Saltonstall
May Sarton
Ellery Schempp
Charles Schnetzler
William F. Schulz
Jim Scott (musician)
Pete Seeger
Rod Serling
William G. Sinkford
Fred Small (singer-songwriter)
Ted Sorensen
Betty Reid Soskin
Starhawk
Pete Stark
Adlai Stevenson II
Adlai Stevenson III
James Stoll

T
Clyde Tombaugh

V
Kurt Vonnegut

W
Zach Wahls
Russell Weigley
David Rhys Williams
Richard Woodbury

Y
Owen D. Young



Categories: Unitarian Universalism in the United States
American Unitarians
Unitarian Universalists
American Universalists
American people by religion


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This page was last modified on 23 July 2013, at 22:45.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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Powered by MediaWiki
  

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_Unitarian_Universalists








Help

Category:American Unitarian Universalists

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

This category is for articles on Americans who have belonged to the religious organization the Unitarian Universalist Association, an organization established in 1961 from the merger of the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church of America. For articles on Americans who were Unitarians or Universalists prior to the formation of this organization (including persons who were both, such as Adin Ballou), see Category:American Unitarians and Category:American Christian Universalists. Individuals in this category may be Christians, Unitarians, or Universalists and should be categorized as such.
  

Pages in category "American Unitarian Universalists"
The following 82 pages are in this category, out of 82 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).



A
James Luther Adams

B
Vern Barnet
Ysaye Maria Barnwell
Ami Bera
Cecil Bothwell
Andre Braugher
Walt Brown
John A. Buehrens

C
C. Conrad Wright
Forrest Church
Joseph S. Clark, Jr.
Laurel Clark
Eleanor Clymer
William Cohen
Samuel Collins (politician)
Kent Conrad
Robert S. Corrington
Chris Crass

D
Joan Darrah
Tim DeChristopher
Andy Devine
Nancy Dorian
Emily Taft Douglas

E
John Ely (Iowa politician)

F
Jay Fisette
Joseph L. Fisher
James Ishmael Ford
Robert Fulghum

G
Greta Gerwig
Dorothy Gilman
Samuel Pearson Goddard, Jr.
Terry Goddard
Mike Gravel
Dana McLean Greeley

H
Debra Haffner
Henry Hampton
Janet Howell

J
Homer A. Jack
Nancy Johnson

K
Webster Kitchell
Malcolm Knowles
Gary A. Kowalski

L
Spencer Lavan
Viola Liuzzo

M
Elise Matthesen
Ben Meiklejohn
Adrian Melott
Walt Minnick
Slim Moon
Peter Morales

N
G. David Nordley

O
Mary Yamashiro Otani

P
Bob Packwood
William Perry
Russell W. Peterson
Mark de Solla Price

R
Desmond Ravenstone
Christopher Reeve

S
Leverett Saltonstall
May Sarton
Ellery Schempp
Charles Schnetzler
William F. Schulz
Jim Scott (musician)
Pete Seeger
Rod Serling
William G. Sinkford
Fred Small (singer-songwriter)
Ted Sorensen
Betty Reid Soskin
Starhawk
Pete Stark
Adlai Stevenson II
Adlai Stevenson III
James Stoll

T
Clyde Tombaugh

V
Kurt Vonnegut

W
Zach Wahls
Russell Weigley
David Rhys Williams
Richard Woodbury

Y
Owen D. Young



Categories: Unitarian Universalism in the United States
American Unitarians
Unitarian Universalists
American Universalists
American people by religion


Navigation menu



Create account
Log in



Category

Talk









Read

Edit

View history

















Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store

Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page

Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item

Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version

Languages

Edit links
This page was last modified on 23 July 2013, at 22:45.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Mobile view
Wikimedia Foundation
Powered by MediaWiki
  

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_Unitarian_Universalists



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