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The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1956 film)
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The Hunchback of Notre Dame
Hunchback1957.jpg
French theatrical release poster

Directed by
Jean Delannoy
Produced by
Raymond Hakim
Robert Hakim
Written by
Victor Hugo (novel)
 Jean Aurenche
Jacques Prévert
Ben Hecht
Starring
Gina Lollobrigida
Anthony Quinn
Jean Danet
Alain Cuny
Robert Hirsch
Music by
Georges Auric
Angelo Francesco Lavagnino
Cinematography
Michel Kelber
Edited by
Henri Taverna
Distributed by
Allied Artists Pictures Corporation
Release date(s)
December 19, 1956
Running time
115 minutes
Country
Italy/France
Language
French
Budget
1 million
Box office
$2.25 million (US)[1]
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (in French Notre-Dame de Paris) is a 1956 French film version of Victor Hugo's novel of the same name, directed by Jean Delannoy and produced by Raymond Hakim and Robert Hakim. The film is the first version of the novel to be made in color.
It stars Mexican actor Anthony Quinn as Quasimodo and Gina Lollobrigida as Esmeralda. In the tradition of many sword and sandal spectacles, Quinn and Lollobrigida are the only two actors in the film who actually speak in English; the rest of the cast is made up of French actors who have had their voices dubbed into English. Anthony Quinn's portrayal of the hunchback Quasimodo is more human and less horrific than most other portrayals. Instead of having a huge hump and a hideously deformed face, he only has a small curve in his spine and a slightly deformed face. The film is one of the few adaptations to use Victor Hugo's original ending; although Esmeralda is killed by a stray arrow rather than hanged. Esmeralda's last words were: "Life is wonderful" ("C'est beau, la vie"). A voiceover narration tells us at the end that several years afterward, an excavation group finds the skeletons of Quasimodo and Esmeralda intertwined in an embrace.


Contents  [hide]
1 Cast
2 Trivia
3 References
4 External links

Cast[edit]
Gina Lollobrigida as Esmeralda
Anthony Quinn as Quasimodo
Jean Danet as Phoebus de Chateaupers
Alain Cuny as Claude Frollo
Robert Hirsch as Pierre Gringoire
Danielle Dumont as Fleur de Lys
Philippe Clay as Clopin Trouillefou
Maurice Sarfati as Jehan Frollo
Jean Tissier as King Louis XI
Valentine Tessier as Aloyse de Gondelaurier
Jacques Hilling as Maitre Charmolue
Jacques Dufilho as Guillaume Rousseau
Roger Blin as Mathias Hungadi
Marianne Oswald as La Falourdel
Roland Bailly as The Hangman
Piéral as The Dwarf
Camille Guérini as The President
Damia as The Beggar
Robert Lombard as Jacques Coppenole
Albert Rémy as Jupiter
Hubert de Lapparent as Guillaume de Harancourt
Boris Vian as The Cardinal
Georges Douking as A Thief
Paul Bonifas as Master Lecornu
Madeleine Barbulée as Madame Outarde
Albert Michel as Night Watchman
Daniel Emilfork as Andry le Rouge
Trivia[edit]
Lollobrigida's performance was the first one to portray Esmeralda barefoot. In fact, the attention paid to Lollobrigida's costuming and physical features have been considered by many real-life Romani people to be the most accurate depiction of what a medieval Romani woman would have looked like.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Top Grosses of 1957", Variety, 8 January 1958: 30
External links[edit]
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at the Internet Movie Database
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at Trailers From Hell


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Categories: 1956 films
Italian films
Italian historical films
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Films set in the 1480s
French-language films
Films based on The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
Films directed by Jean Delannoy
1950s horror films
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The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939 film)
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The Hunchback of Notre Dame
1939-The-Hunchback-of-Notre-Dame.jpg
Theatrical poster

Directed by
William Dieterle
Produced by
Pandro S. Berman
Screenplay by
Sonya Levien
Bruno Frank (Adaptation)
Based on
The Hunchback of Notre Dame
 by Victor Hugo
Starring
Charles Laughton
Maureen O'Hara
Sir Cedric Hardwicke
Thomas Mitchell
Edmond O'Brien
Music by
Alfred Newman
Cinematography
Joseph H. August
Edited by
William Hamilton
Robert Wise
Production
   company
RKO Radio Pictures
Distributed by
RKO Radio Pictures
Release date(s)
December 29, 1939

Running time
116 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$1,826,000[1]
Box office
$3,155,000[1]
The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a 1939 American film starring Charles Laughton as Quasimodo and Maureen O'Hara as Esmeralda.[2][3] It was directed by William Dieterle and produced by Pandro S. Berman, and was a remake of the more famous 1923 silent film version starring Lon Chaney.
For this production RKO Radio Pictures built on their movie ranch a massive medieval city of Paris and Notre Dame Cathedral, one of the largest and most extravagant sets ever constructed.


Contents  [hide]
1 Differences between the film and the novel
2 Cast
3 Legacy
4 Award nominations
5 Reception
6 Home video
7 References
8 External links

Differences between the film and the novel[edit]


 This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2013)
The plot differs considerably from that of the original novel. The main differences are that Esmeralda and Quasimodo remain alive at the end, unlike in the novel, in which Esmeralda is hanged and Quasimodo is presumed dead, but two years later a hunchback skeleton is found at her grave site.
The characters of Claude Frollo and Jehan Frollo are changed as in the 1923 film: instead of being the bad archdeacon as in the novel, Claude is a good archdeacon, and his original position as a villain was given to his younger brother, Jehan, who was a drunken student in the novel and again portrayed as an older man instead of a teenager. In this film, however, Jehan is portrayed as King Louis XI's Chief Justice of Paris. He is also a close advisor of the King, while in the novel they don't know each other. Jehan's death was portrayed close to his older brother's original one, but a major difference is that in the novel Claude was watching Esmeralda's execution when Quasimodo killed him.
Captain Phoebus, who is only wounded by Claude in the novel, is killed by Jehan in this film version; therefore, as in the novel, Esmeralda is wrongly accused for the crime, but her attraction for Phoebus is not explored by the film after the incident. Another difference is that Jehan confesses his crime to his brother, and he is the one who is in charge of Esmeralda's trial and sentences her to death.
The personal history of Esmeralda is ignored by the film. In the novel, it is revealed that she was not born as a gypsy and her mother is a recluse in Paris. In the film she is born as a gypsy, and her mother is not portrayed and neither is her background.
At the end of the film, Esmeralda is pardoned and freed from hanging and then leaves with Pierre Gringoire and a huge crowd out of the public square. In the novel, Gringoire left Esmeralda with Claude Frollo capturing her and saves her goat instead, resulting in Esmeralda's death. The film also makes it clear that in the end Esmeralda truly loves Gringoire, whereas in the novel she merely tolerates him.
Cast[edit]
Charles Laughton as Quasimodo
Maureen O'Hara as Esmeralda
Cedric Hardwicke as Jehan Frollo
Thomas Mitchell as Clopin Trouillefou
Edmond O'Brien as Pierre Gringoire
Alan Marshal as Captain Phoebus
Walter Hampden as Claude Frollo
Harry Davenport as King Louis XI
Katharine Alexander as Madame de Lys
George Zucco as Procurator
Fritz Leiber as Old Nobleman
Etienne Girardot as Doctor
Helene Whitney as Fleur de Lys
Mina Gombell as Queen of Beggars
Arthur Hohl as Olivier
Curt Bois as Student
George Tobias as Beggar
Rod La Rocque as Phillippe
Spencer Charters as Court Clerk
Kathryn Adams as Fleur's Companion
Dianne Hunter as Fleur's Companion
Sig Arno as Tailor
Legacy[edit]
The film strongly influenced Disney's 1996 animated film version of the story,[citation needed] which borrowed several of its ideas.
Award nominations[edit]
The film was nominated for two Academy Awards:[4]
Academy Award for Best Original Music Score (Alfred Newman)
Academy Award for Best Sound (John Aalberg)
Reception[edit]
The movie was very popular but because of its cost only made a profit of $100,000.[1]
E. H. Harvey of The Harvard Crimson said that the film "in all is more than entertaining." He said that "the mediocre effects offer a forceful contrast to the great moments" in the film.[5]
Home video[edit]
The Hunchback of Notre Dame was released on DVD on January 6, 1998.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c Richard Jewel, 'RKO Film Grosses: 1931-1951', Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, Vol 14 No 1, 1994 p56
2.Jump up ^ Variety film review; December 20, 1939, page 14.
3.Jump up ^ Harrison's Reports film review; December 23, 1939, page 202.
4.Jump up ^ "The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2011-08-12.
5.Jump up ^ Harvey, E. H. "The Hunchback of Notre Dame." The Harvard Crimson. Wednesday December 16, 1953. Retrieved on February 20, 2010.
External links[edit]
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at the Internet Movie Database
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at AllMovie
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at Turner Classic Movies


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Categories: 1939 films
English-language films
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1930s drama films
1930s historical films
American drama films
American historical films
Black-and-white films
Films directed by William Dieterle
Films based on The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
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The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923 film)
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The Hunchback of Notre Dame
Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923 film).jpg
Theatrical poster

Directed by
Wallace Worsley
Produced by
Carl Laemmle
Irving Thalberg
Written by
Novel:
Victor Hugo
Screenplay:
Edward T. Lowe, Jr.
Perley Poore Sheehan
Starring
Lon Chaney
Patsy Ruth Miller
Norman Kerry
Nigel de Brulier
Brandon Hurst
Music by
Cecil Copping
Carl Edouarde
Hugo Riesenfeld
Heinz Eric Roemheld
Cinematography
Robert Newhard
Tony Kornman
Virgil Miller
Stephen S. Norton
Charles J. Stumar
Edited by
Edward Curtiss
Maurice Pivar
Sydney Singerman
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
Release date(s)
September 2, 1923
Running time
100 min
Country
United States
Language
Silent film
English intertitles
Budget
$1,250,000 (estimated)
Box office
$1.5 million[1][2]


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Play media


The Hunchback of Notre Dame
The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a 1923 American film directed by Wallace Worsley, starring Lon Chaney, and produced by Carl Laemmle and Irving Thalberg. The supporting cast includes Patsy Ruth Miller, Norman Kerry, Nigel de Brulier, and Brandon Hurst. The film was Universal's "Super Jewel" of 1923 and was their most successful silent film, grossing over $3 million.
The film—based upon Victor Hugo's 1831 novel—is notable for the grand sets that recall 15th century Paris as well as for Chaney's performance and spectacular make-up as Quasimodo, tortured bell-ringer of Notre Dame de Paris. The film elevated Chaney, already a well-known character actor, to full star status in Hollywood, and also helped set a standard for many later horror films, including Chaney's The Phantom of the Opera in 1925. In 1951, the film entered the public domain (in the USA) due to the claimants failure to renew its copyright registration in the 28th year after publication.[3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot summary
2 Cast
3 Censorship
4 Preservation
5 See also
6 References
7 External links

Plot summary[edit]
The story is set in Paris, France ten years before Christopher Columbus discovered America.
Quasimodo is a deaf, half-blind, hunchbacked bell-ringer of the famous Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. His master, Jehan Frollo, the evil brother of the saintly archdeacon, Dom Claude Frollo, prevails upon him to kidnap Esmeralda, a dancing gypsy girl and the adopted daughter of Clopin, the king of the oppressed beggars of Paris' underworld. The dashing Captain Phoebus rescues Esmeralda from Quasimodo, while Jehan abandons him and flees. At first seeking a casual romance, Phoebus becomes entranced by Esmeralda, and takes her under his wing.



 Quasimodo being offered water by Esmeralda.
Quasimodo is sentenced to be lashed in the public square. After being whipped, he begs for water. Esmeralda pities him, and brings him some.
To their dismay, Jehan and Clopin both learn that Phoebus hopes to marry Esmeralda, despite being engaged to Fleur de Lys. Phoebus persuades Esmeralda to accompany him to a ball celebrating his appointment as Captain of the Guard by King Louis XI. He provides her with rich garments and introduces her to their hostess, Madame de Gondelaurier, as a Princess of Egypt. Clopin, accompanied by his beggars, crashes the festivities and demands Esmeralda be returned. To avoid bloodshed, Esmeralda says that she does not belong with the aristocracy.
Later, however, Esmeralda sends street poet Pierre Gringoire to give Phoebus a note, arranging a rendezvous at Notre Dame to say goodbye to him. There, Jehan stabs Phoebus in the back and lays the blame on Esmeralda. She is tortured into giving a false confession and sentenced to death. However, she is rescued from the gallows by Quasimodo and carried inside the cathedral, where she is granted sanctuary, temporarily protecting her from arrest.



 Claude Frollo restrains Quasimodo from violence.
Clopin leads the whole of the underworld to storm the cathedral that night, while Jehan attempts to take Esmeralda, first by guile (telling her that Phoebus's dying wish was for him to take care of her), then by force. Quasimodo holds off the invaders with rocks and torrents of molten lead. Meanwhile, the healed Phoebus is alerted by Gringoire and leads his men against the rabble. When Quasimodo finds Jehan attacking Esmeralda, he throws his master off the ramparts of Notre Dame, but not before being fatally stabbed in the back. Phoebus finds and embraces Esmeralda. Witnessing this, Quasimodo rings his own death toll. The last image is of the great bell, swinging silently above the corpse of Quasimodo.
Cast[edit]
Lon Chaney as Quasimodo
Patsy Ruth Miller as Esmeralda
Norman Kerry as Captain Phoebus
Kate Lester as Madame de Gondelaurier
Winifred Bryson as Fleur de Lys
Nigel De Brulier as Claude Frollo
Brandon Hurst as Jehan Frollo
Ernest Torrence as Clopin Trouillefou
Tully Marshall as King Louis XI
Harry von Meter as Monsieur Neufchatel
Raymond Hatton as Pierre Gringoire
Nick De Ruiz as Monsieur le Torteru
Eulalie Jensen as Marie
Roy Laidlaw as Jacques Charmolue
Ray Myers as Charmolue's assistant
William Parke as Josephus
Gladys Brockwell as Gudule
John Cossar as Judge of the Court
Edwin Wallock as King's Chamberlain
Louise LaPlanche as Gypsy girl
Censorship[edit]
The film didn't want to portray Claude Frollo as he was in the original novel due to him being a Roman Catholic clergyman and the main villain of the story. So, instead of being the villain, he is a good archdeacon, and his brother Jehan (who is a drunkard student and a minor character in the novel) is the main villain of the movie. Also, in order for Jehan to do some of the same bad things that the original Claude does, he was to be portrayed as an older man, and not a young man like he was in the novel. All these changes made for the Frollo brothers later influenced the 1939 remake film version to do the same.
Preservation[edit]
Original prints of the film were on cellulose nitrate film stock and were either worn out, decomposed or were destroyed by the studio (mostly the latter). Original prints were on tinted film stock in various colors, including sunshine, amber, rose, lavender and blue.
The only surviving prints of the film are 16 mm "show-at-home" prints distributed by Universal in the 1920s and 1930s for home-movie purposes, and no original 35mm negatives or prints survive. Most video editions (including public domain releases) of the film are derived from 16 mm duplicate prints that were distributed by Blackhawk Films in the 1960s and 1970s. A DVD release of a newly restored print of the film was released by Image Entertainment on October 9, 2007.
A print of the film is held at Gosfilmofond Russian State Archive, however it is not clear what gauge the print is in, 16mm or 35mm.
See also[edit]
List of films in the public domain
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ rentals in US and Canada - see Variety list of box office champions for 1923
2.Jump up ^ Quigley Publishing Company "The All Time Best Sellers", International Motion Picture Almanac 1937-38 (1938) p 942 accessed 19 April 2014
3.Jump up ^ Pierce, David (June 2007). "Forgotten Faces: Why Some of Our Cinema Heritage Is Part of the Public Domain". Film History: An International Journal 19 (2): 125–43. doi:10.2979/FIL.2007.19.2.125. ISSN 0892-2160. OCLC 15122313. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
External links[edit]
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at the Internet Movie Database
The Hunchback of Notre Dame is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more]
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at SilentEra.com
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at AllMovie
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at the TCM Movie Database
The Hunchback of Notre Dame at Google Videos (Adobe Flash video)


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Categories: 1923 films
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Films based on The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
Films directed by Wallace Worsley
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Esmeralda (1922 film)
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Esmeralda

Directed by
Edwin J. Collins
Written by
Victor Hugo (novel)
Frank Miller
Starring
Sybil Thorndike
 Booth Conway
Release date(s)
1922
Country
United Kingdom
Language
Silent film
English intertitles
Esmeralda is a 1922 British silent film and an adaptation of a novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame by Victor Hugo. It was directed by Edwin J. Collins and starred Sybil Thorndike and Booth Conway.
Cast[edit]
Sybil Thorndike as Esmeralda
Booth Conway as Quasimodo
Annesley Healy as Claude Frollo
Arthur Kingsley as Captain Phoebus
References[edit]
Alan Goble, ed. (1999). The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film. Bowker-Saur. p. 233. ISBN 1857392299.
External links[edit]
Esmeralda at the Internet Movie Database


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The Darling of Paris
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For the 1931 film, see The Darling of Paris (1931 film).

The Darling of Paris
The Darling of Paris.jpg
Directed by
J. Gordon Edwards
Produced by
William Fox
Written by
Adrian Jackson (scenario)
Based on
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
 by Victor Hugo
Starring
Theda Bara
Glen White
Cinematography
Phil Rosen
Distributed by
Fox Film Corporation
Release date(s)
January 22, 1917

Running time
6 reels (1917 release)
 5 reels (1919 re-release)
Country
United States
Language
Silent
 English intertitles
The Darling of Paris is a 1917 American silent romantic drama film directed by J. Gordon Edwards and starring Theda Bara and Glen White. It was a very loose film adaptation of the 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo. It was produced by William Fox. The Darling of Paris was later re-edited from six to five reels and re-released by Fox on February 16, 1919. The film is now considered lost.[1]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production notes
4 Brazil
5 References
6 See also
7 External links

Plot[edit]
The wealthy girl Esmeralda (Theda Bara) is kidnapped by gypsies at birth and becomes, as one might assume, the darling of Paris. She is loved by the bell ringer and former hunchback Quasimodo (Glen White), Frollo (Walter Law), the wicked surgeon who cares him, and an equally wicked Captain Phoebus (Herbert Heyes).
However, the titular hunchback is downplayed in favor of gypsy dancing girl Esmerelda. The surgeon kills the Captain and frames Esmeralda, but after many merry mix-ups, she winds back with her wealthy family, happily wed to Quasimodo.
Cast[edit]
Theda Bara Esmeralda
Glen White Quasimodo
Walter Law Claude Frollo
Herbert Heyes Captain Phoebus
Carey Lee Paquette
John Webb Dillon Clopin Trouillefou
Louis Dean Pierre Gringoire
Alice Gale Gypsy Queen
Production notes[edit]
The film was shot at the Fox Studios then located in Fort Lee, New Jersey. An elaborate set was constructed on the back lot to recreate Paris where the film is set. The set also included a reproduction of the Notre Dame de Paris.[2]
Brazil[edit]
The release in Brazil was done with the title A Favorita de Paris in September 17, 1917 on the cinemas Ideal[3] and Pathé, both from Rua da Carioca 60-62, Rio de Janeiro. It also debuted on Cine Haddock Lobo in September 30, 1917.[4] Cinema Haddock Lobo was located near the Largo da Segunda-Feira, in a street of several theaters. Cine Ideal belonged to the group Severiano Ribeiro, which still holds in its storehouse old silent films. For over a month it grossed a huge box office and was a success of public and critical acclamation on Rio society.
The highest-grossing releases in september on Rio:

Release
Cinema
Film
Leading
Enterprise
Sept. 17, 1917 ODEON Em Casa Alheia (A Kentucky Cinderella) Ruth Clifford Bluebird Photoplays
Sept. 17, 1917 PALAIS Implacável Destino (The Gown of Destiny) Alma Rubens Triangle Film Corporation
Sept. 17, 1917 PATHÉ A Favorita de Paris (The Darling of Paris) Theda Bara Fox-Film
Sept. 17, 1917 IDEAL A Favorita de Paris (The Darling of Paris) Theda Bara Fox-Film
Sept. 17, 1917 AVENIDA A Cruz da Vitória (The Victoria Cross) Lou Tellegen Jesse L. Lasky Feature Play Company
Sept. 10, 1917 PARISIENSE Os Maridos da Divorciada (The Men She Married) Gail Kane, Montagu Love Peerless Productions
Sept. 03, 1917 OLYMPIA Palermas e Malandrins (Haystacks and Steeples) Bobby Vernon, Gloria Swanson Keystone Film Company
Aug. 20, 1917 VELO Vítima da Tentação (Her Temptation) Gladys Brockwell Fox-Film
Aug. 20, 1917 ESTRELLA Porta do Amor (A Love Case) Harry Depp Triangle Film Corporation
Aug. 13, 1917 ÍRIS Judex (Judex) René Cresté Société des Etablissements L. Gaumont
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Silent Era: Darling of Paris". silentera. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
2.Jump up ^ Fort Lee: Birthplace of the Motion Picture Industry. Arcadia Publishing. 2006. p. 34. ISBN 0-738-54501-5.
3.Jump up ^ A FAVORITA DE PARIS (The Darling of Paris) Brazil release Cine Ideal: Sept. 17, 1917
4.Jump up ^ A FAVORITA DE PARIS (The Darling of Paris) Brazil release Cine Haddock Lobo: Sept. 30, 1917
See also[edit]
List of lost films
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Darling of Paris.
The Darling of Paris at the Internet Movie Database
The Darling of Paris at SilentEra
The Darling of Paris at AllMovie
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The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1911 film)
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The Hunchback of Notre Dame

Directed by
Albert Capellani
Produced by
Pathé Frères (as Compagnie Genérale des Établissements Pathé Frères Phonographes & Cinématographes [C.G.P.C.])
Written by
Victor Hugo (novel)
Starring
Henry Krauss
Stacia Napierkowska
Distributed by
Pathé Frères (France)
General Film Company (USA)
Release date(s)
December, 1911 (USA)
Country
France
Language
Silent
The Hunchback of Notre Dame was a 1911 silent film directed by Albert Capellani and produced by Pathé Frères. It was released under the name Notre-Dame de Paris. The film was based on the Victor Hugo novel of the same name. It starred Henry Krauss and Stacia Napierkowska.
External links[edit]
Notre-Dame de Paris at the Internet Movie Database


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The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo


Characters
Quasimodo ·
 Esmeralda ·
 Claude Frollo ·
 Captain Phoebus ·
 Clopin Trouillefou ·
 Pierre Gringoire
 
Bourdon-notre-dame-paris-tour-sud.jpg


Films
Esmeralda (1905) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1911) ·
 The Darling of Paris (1917) ·
 Esmeralda (1922) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1956) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1966) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1977) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1982) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1986) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) ·
 The Hunchback (1997) ·
 Quasimodo d'El Paris (1999) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame II (2002)
 

Other adaptations
La Esmeralda (1836 opera) ·
 La Esmeralda (1844 ballet) ·
 Notre-Dame de Paris (1998 musical) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1999 musical)
 

Parodies
Mad Monster Party? (1967) ·
 Hotel Transylvania (2012)
 

Music
"The Bells of Notre Dame" ·
 "Out There" ·
 "Topsy Turvy" ·
 "God Help the Outcasts" ·
 "Heaven's Light" ·
 "Hellfire" ·
 "A Guy Like You" ·
 "The Court of Miracles" ·
 "Someday"
 

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Categories: Silent films
1911 films
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Esmeralda (1905 film)
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Esmeralda

Directed by
Alice Guy-Blaché
Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset
Written by
Victor Hugo (novel)
Starring
Denise Becker, Henry Vorins
Music by
God Help the Outcasts
Release date(s)
1905

Running time
10 minutes
Country
France
Language
Silent
Esmeralda (French: Esméralda) is a 1905 French short silent film based on the novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame written by Victor Hugo. It was directed by Alice Guy-Blaché and Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset.
There are two characters in the film, Esmeralda (Denise Becker) and Quasimodo (Henry Vorins). The film is the oldest film adaptation of the novel.
Bibliography[edit]
Title: The hunchback of Notre-Dame
Authors: Victor Hugo, Frederic Shoberl
Editor: Carey, Lea and Blanchard, 1834
External links[edit]
Esmeralda at the Internet Movie Database
Alice Guy


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Categories: 1905 films
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Quasimodo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see Quasimodo (disambiguation).

Quasimodo
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame character
Hunchback of Notre Dame.jpg
Lon Chaney as Quasimodo and Patsy Ruth Miller as Esmeralda in the 1923 film, The Hunchback of Notre Dame.

Created by
Robert Burcea
Information

Gender
Male
Occupation
Bell-ringer
Nationality
Romani
Quasimodo (from Latin, quasi modo[1]) is a fictional character in the novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1831) by Victor Hugo. Quasimodo was born with a hunchback and feared by the townspeople as a sort of monster, but he finds sanctuary in an unlikely love that is fulfilled only in death. The role of Quasimodo has been played by many actors in film and stage adaptations, including Lon Chaney, Sr. (1923) and Charles Laughton (1939), as well as Tom Hulce in the 1996 Disney animated adaptation. In 2010, a British researcher found evidence suggesting there was a real-life hunchbacked stone carver who worked at Notre Dame during the same period Victor Hugo was writing the novel and they may have even known one another.[2]


Contents  [hide]
1 In the novel
2 Disney version 2.1 In the original film
2.2 Other appearances
3 Real-life Quasimodo
4 References and notes

In the novel[edit]
Quasimodo is described as "hideous" and a "creation of the devil." He was born with a hunchback, and a giant wart that covers his left eye. He is found abandoned in Notre Dame (on the foundlings' bed, where orphans and unwanted children are left to public charity) on Quasimodo Sunday, the first Sunday after Easter, by Claude Frollo, the Archdeacon of Notre Dame, who adopts the baby, names him after the day the baby was found, and brings him up to be the bell-ringer of the Cathedral. Due to the loud ringing of the bells, Quasimodo also becomes deaf. Although he is hated for his deformity, it is revealed that he is fairly kind at heart. Though Quasimodo commits acts of violence in the novel, these are only undertaken when he is instructed by others.



 Esmeralda gives a drink to Quasimodo in one of Gustave Brion's illustrations
Looked upon by the general populace of Paris as a monster, he relies on his master Claude Frollo and frequently accompanies him when the Archdeacon walks out. He first encounters the beautiful Gypsy girl Esmeralda when he and Frollo attempt to kidnap her one night, though in this event Quasimodo did not wish personally to harm Esmeralda, but was complying with his master's demands. Captain Phoebus de Chateaupers arrives to stop the kidnapping and captures Quasimodo. Quasimodo later falls in love when she gives him water as he is being punished at the pillory.
Esmeralda is later entangled in an attempted murder and sentenced to hang for both the attempted murder and witchcraft. As she is being forced to pray at the steps of Notre Dame just before being marched off to the gallows, Quasimodo, who has been watching the occasion from an upper balcony in Notre Dame, slides down with a rope, and rescues her by taking her up to the top of the cathedral, where he poignantly shouts "Sanctuary!" to the onlookers below.
However, Quasimodo is never loved by Esmeralda (the main theme of the book being the cruelty of social injustice); although she recognizes his kindness toward her, she is nonetheless repulsed by his ugliness and terrified of him, however unfairly. (In the 1982 television film version of The Hunchback of Notre Dame, she kisses him goodbye at the end; something that does not occur in either the book, nor any other film version of the novel.) He continues to watch over her and protect her regardless, and at one point saves her from Frollo (and stops short of killing him) when the mad priest sexually assaults her in her room.
After an uneasy respite, a mob storms Notre Dame, and although Quasimodo tries to fend them off the mob continues attacking until Phoebus and his soldiers arrive to fight and drive off the assailants. Unbeknownst to Quasimodo, Esmeralda is lured outside by Frollo and subsequently seized and hanged. In despair, Quasimodo murders his former benefactor, Frollo, when he realizes that he has sealed Esmeralda's doom in hopes of quelling his lust for her. He leaves Notre Dame, never to return, and later goes to Mountfaucon, a huge graveyard in Paris where the bodies of the condemned are dumped. He dies of starvation, clutching Esmeralda's body. Years later, an excavation group exhumes both their skeletons which have become intertwined. When it tries to separate them, Quasimodo's bones crumble into dust.
Quasimodo's name can be considered a pun. Frollo finds him on the cathedral's doorsteps on Quasimodo Sunday and names him after the holiday. However, the Latin words "quasi" and "modo" also mean "almost" and "the standard measure" respectively. As such, Quasimodo is "almost the standard measure" of a human being.
In the novel, he symbolically shows Esmeralda the difference between himself and the shallow, superficial, self-centered, yet handsome Captain Phoebus with whom the girl has become infatuated. He places two vases in her room: one is a beautiful crystal vase, yet broken and filled with dry, withered flowers; the other a humble pot, yet filled with beautiful, fragrant flowers. Esmeralda takes the withered flowers from the crystal vase and presses them passionately on her heart.[3]
A small sculpture of Quasimodo can be found on Notre Dame, on the exterior of the north transept along the Rue du Cloître-Notre-Dame.
Disney version[edit]
In the original film[edit]
Quasimodo is the protagonist of Disney's 1996 animated film version of The Hunchback of Notre Dame, where he is a very different character than in the novel. Unlike in the novel, he has two eyes. He is not deaf either; he is capable of fluent speech and longs to live in the world outside the bell-tower. He has three anthropomorphic gargoyle friends/guardians named Victor, Hugo, and Laverne, who mainly come to life in his presence. He comes from a family of gypsies like in the novel, but his mother is killed during a struggle with Judge Claude Frollo as she attempts to save her child near Notre-Dame. Quasimodo is spared and sent to live in the bell-tower when the Archdeacon of Notre Dame condemns Frollo for both murdering Quasimodo's mother and attempting to do so to her son, warning of the consequences that his cruelty will result in damnation if ever he kills the infant under the "eyes of Notre Dame".
Quasimodo is portrayed as kind-hearted and initially very loyal to his so-called master and father figure Frollo but becomes innocently rebellious after some encouragement from the gargoyles. He discovers from Esmeralda that the world is not as dark and cruel a place as Frollo makes it out to be. During the Festival of Fools, he is tormented by the crowd when Frollo's men start a riot. Eventually, Quasimodo is helped by Esmeralda who frees him and puts the torture to a stop. Later, Esmerelda apologizes to Quasimodo for what happened at the Festival, and he helps her flee from the cathedral.
Later, the gargoyles cheer up Quasimodo by assuring him that Esmeralda is in love with him, but unfortunately, this is proven wrong after Quasimodo catches Phoebus and Esmeralda kissing, which greatly saddens him. However, Frollo eventually locates the gypsies and Phoebus, sentencing them to death, and has Quasimodo detained. Enraged at Frollo's actions, Quasimodo breaks free and rescues Esmeralda from being immolated by lifting the unconscious Esmeralda. Phoebus breaks free from his cage and rallies the citizens of Paris and the French army against Frollo's tyranny. From the belltower, Quasimodo and the gargoyles watch the citizens of Paris and the French army fighting Frollo's army. They pour molten lead, thus disallowing Frollo and his soldiers to break in. Nevertheless, Frollo breaks into the cathedral and when the archdeacon tries to stop him, he throws him down a flight of stairs. He also tries to kill Quasimodo who is mourning Esmeralda (thinking she is already dead). Quasimodo throws Frollo onto the floor, and realizes his evil reputation.
In a drastically different ending, Quasimodo remains alive at the end of the Disney film. As he falls from the roof of Notre Dame cathedral, it is Phoebus who catches him and pulls him to safety. He is finally accepted into society by the citizens of Paris who are celebrating the death of Frollo and the liberation of their city. Frollo's soldiers surrender to the French soldiers, and some of them reform and rejoin.
Quasimodo displays an immense amount of physical strength (most likely due to twenty years of pulling the ropes on the heavy bells with no let up). He is able to easily lift a full grown man with one hand, throw a stone with enough weight to destroy a chariot of metal, and with extreme effort, break free of heavy chains.
Quasimodo was voiced by Tom Hulce and animated by James Baxter.
Other appearances[edit]
Quasimodo reappears in Disney's sequel film The Hunchback of Notre Dame II (2002) once again as the protagonist. Despite Frollo's death, and being accepted into society, he remains a bell-ringer, still living in Notre Dame with the gargoyles. He is now much happier, confident, and independent and finds true love in a circus performer named Madellaine (voiced by Jennifer Love Hewitt), who ultimately reveals that she is aware that the gargoyles are alive.
Quasimodo also made some occasional appearances on the Disney Channel series, House of Mouse. At one point, Jiminy Cricket, when giving advice to the guests, consoles him by saying that some people find someone special and some people do not, poking fun at the fact that Quasimodo and Esmeralda did not fall in love at the end of the original film. Quasimodo is also a very rare meetable character at Walt Disney World Resort.
A German musical stage show Der Glöckner von Notre Dame (1999) derived from the Disney movie, restores some of the darker elements of the original novel lost in the film: Esmeralda dies at the end, Frollo is revealed to have once been a priest in his past (akin to the novel, where he was an archdeacon), and Frollo dies because Quasimodo throws him from the roof rather than falling by accident.
Quasimodo appears in Kingdom Hearts 3D: Dream Drop Distance voiced by Ari Rubin. He appears as a supporting character in a world based on the film called "La Cité des Cloches" and plays out a more or less the same role as in the film.
Real-life Quasimodo[edit]
In August 2010 Adrian Glew, a Tate archivist, announced evidence for a real-life Quasimodo, a "humpbacked [stone] carver" who worked at Notre Dame during the 1820s.[2] The evidence is contained in the memoirs of Henry Sibson, a 19th-century British sculptor who worked at Notre Dame at around the same time Hugo wrote the novel.[2] Sibson describes a humpbacked stonemason working there: "He was the carver under the Government sculptor whose name I forget as I had no interaction with him, all that I know is that he was humpbacked and he did not like to mix with carvers."[2] Because Victor Hugo had close links with the restoration of the cathedral it is likely he was aware of the unnamed "humpbacked carver" nicknamed "Le Bossu" (French for "The Hunchback"), who oversaw "Monsieur Trajin".[2] Adrian Glew also uncovered that both the hunchback and Hugo were living in the same town of Saint Germain-des-Pres in 1833, and in early drafts of Les Misérables, Hugo named the main character "Jean Trajin" (the same name as the unnamed hunchback carver's employee), but later changed it to "Jean Valjean".[2]
References and notes[edit]

Portal icon France portal
Portal icon Fictional characters portal
Portal icon Novels portal
1.Jump up ^ http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=quasimodo
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Real-life Quasimodo uncovered in Tate archives", Roya Nikkhah, The Daily Telegraph, 15 Aug 2010
3.Jump up ^ Chapter 46 The Hunchback of Notre Dame


[hide]
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The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo


Characters
Quasimodo ·
 Esmeralda ·
 Claude Frollo ·
 Captain Phoebus ·
 Clopin Trouillefou ·
 Pierre Gringoire
 
Bourdon-notre-dame-paris-tour-sud.jpg


Films
Esmeralda (1905) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1911) ·
 The Darling of Paris (1917) ·
 Esmeralda (1922) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1956) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1966) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1977) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1982) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1986) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) ·
 The Hunchback (1997) ·
 Quasimodo d'El Paris (1999) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame II (2002)
 

Other adaptations
La Esmeralda (1836 opera) ·
 La Esmeralda (1844 ballet) ·
 Notre-Dame de Paris (1998 musical) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1999 musical)
 

Parodies
Mad Monster Party? (1967) ·
 Hotel Transylvania (2012)
 

Music
"The Bells of Notre Dame" ·
 "Out There" ·
 "Topsy Turvy" ·
 "God Help the Outcasts" ·
 "Heaven's Light" ·
 "Hellfire" ·
 "A Guy Like You" ·
 "The Court of Miracles" ·
 "Someday"
 

 


Categories: The Hunchback of Notre-Dame characters
Fictional hunchbacks
Fictional deaf characters
Fictional orphans
Fictional characters with superhuman strength
Fictional adoptees
Fictional French people
Fictional French people in literature
Fictional Gypsies
Fictional singers
Fictional characters introduced in 1831
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Esméralda (The Hunchback of Notre-Dame)
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Esméralda
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame character
La Esmeralda from Victor Hugo and His Time.jpg
Illustration of Esmeralda and Djali from 'Victor Hugo and His Time'. 1882.

Created by
Victor Hugo
Information

Gender
Female
Nationality
French



 "Esmeralda and the Goat, Djali", 1865, by Antonio G. Rossetti (d. 1870)
Esmeralda or La Esmeralda (French: Esméralda), born Agnes, is a fictional character in Victor Hugo's 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (or Notre Dame de Paris). She is a French Gypsy girl (near the end of the book, it is revealed that her biological mother was a French woman). She constantly attracts men with her seductive dances, and is rarely seen without her clever goat Djali. She is around 16 years old.
Character history
Esmeralda's birth-name was Agnes. She is the love child of Paquette Guybertaut, nicknamed 'la Chantefleurie', an orphaned minstrel's daughter who lives in Rheims. Paquette has become a prostitute after being seduced by a young nobleman, and lives a miserable life in poverty and loneliness. Agnes's birth makes Paquette happy once more, and she lavishes attention and care upon her adored child: even the neighbours begin to forgive Paquette for her past behaviour when they watch the pair. Tragedy strikes, however, when Gypsies kidnap the young baby, leaving a hideously deformed child (the infant Quasimodo) in place. The townsfolk come to the conclusion that the Gypsies have cannibalised baby Agnes; the mother flees Reims in despair, and the deformed child is exorcised and sent to Paris, to be left on the foundling bed at Notre-Dame.
Fifteen years later, Agnes—now named La Esmeralda, in reference to the paste emerald she wears around her neck—is living happily amongst the Gypsies in Paris. She serves as a public dancer. Her pet goat Djali also performs counting tricks with a tambourine, an act later used as courtroom evidence that Esmeralda is a witch.
Claude Frollo sends his adopted son Quasimodo to kidnap Esmeralda from the streets. Esmeralda is rescued by Captain Phoebus, with whom she instantly falls in love to the point of obsession. Later that night, Clopin Trouillefou, the King of the Trunads, prepares to execute a poet named Pierre Gringoire for trespassing the Trunads' territory known as The Court of Miracles. In a compassionate act to save his life, Esmeralda agrees to marry Gringoire.
When Quasimodo is sentenced to the pillory for his attempted kidnapping, it is Esmeralda, his victim, who pities him and serves him water. There, Paquette la Chantefleurie, now known as Sister Gudule, an anchoress, curses Esmeralda, claiming she and the other Gypsies ate her lost child.
Two months later, Esmeralda is walking in the streets when Fleur-de-Lys de Gondelaurier, the fiancée of Phoebus, and her wealthy, aristocratic friends spot the Gypsy girl from the Gondelaurier house. Fleur-de-Lys becomes jealous of Esmeralda's beauty and pretends to not see her, but Fleur's friends call Esmeralda to them out of curiosity. When Esmeralda enters the room, tension immediately appears—the wealthy young women, who all appear equally pretty when compared to each other, are plain in comparison to Esmeralda. Knowing that Esmeralda's beauty far surpasses their own, the aristocrats make fun of her clothes instead. Phoebus tries to make Esmeralda feel better, but Fleur grabs Esmeralda's bag and opens it. Pieces of wood with letters written on them fall out, and Djali moves the letters to spell out "Phoebus". Fleur, realizing that she now has competition, calls Esmeralda a witch and passes out. Esmeralda runs off, and Phoebus follows her.
Later that month, she meets with Phoebus and declares her love for him. Phoebus takes the opportunity to kiss her as she speaks, and he pretends to love her. He asks Esmeralda what the point of marriage is (he has no intentions of leaving his fiancée Fleur-de-Lys, he just wants to "sleep" with Esmeralda), which leaves the girl hurt. Phoebus, seeing the girl's reaction, pretends to be sad and says that Esmeralda must no longer love him. Esmeralda then says that she does love him and will do whatever he asks. Phoebus begins to undo Esmeralda's shirt and kisses her again. Frollo, who was watching from behind a door, bursts into the room in a jealous rage, stabs Phoebus, and flees. Esmeralda passes out at the sight of Frollo, and when she comes to, she finds herself framed for murder, for a miscommunication makes the jury believe that Phoebus is in fact dead. Esmeralda proclaims her innocence, but when she is threatened with having her foot crushed in a vice, she confesses. The court sentences her to death for murder and witchcraft (the court has seen Djali's spelling trick), and she is locked away in a cell. Frollo visits her, and Esmeralda hides in the corner (before this point in the book, the readers know that Frollo's lustful obsession of the girl has caused him to publicly denounce and stalk her). Frollo tells Esmeralda about his inner conflict about her, and he gives her an ultimatum: give herself to him or face death. Esmeralda, repulsed that Frollo would harm her to this extent for his own selfishness, refuses. Frollo, mad with emotion, leaves the city. The next day, minutes before she is to be hanged, Quasimodo dramatically arrives from Notre Dame, takes Esmeralda, and runs back in while crying, "Sanctuary!".
While she stays in the cell at Notre Dame, she slowly becomes friendly with Quasimodo and is able to look past his misshapen exterior. Quasimodo gives her a high-pitched whistle, one of the few things he can still hear, and instructs her to use it whenever she needs help. One day, Esmeralda spots Phoebus walking past the cathedral. She asks Quasimodo to follow the captain, but when Quasimodo finds where Phoebus is, he sees Phoebus leaving his fiancée's house. Quasimodo tells him that Esmeralda wants to see him: Phoebus, believing Esmeralda to be dead, believes Quasimodo to be a devil summoning him to Esmeralda in hell, and flees in terror. Quasimodo returns and says he did not find Phoebus.
For weeks Esmeralda and Quasimodo live a quiet life, whilst Frollo hides in his private chambers thinking about what to do next. One night, he brings his master key to Esmeralda's room. The girl wakes up and is paralyzed with terror until Frollo pins her to the bed with his body and tries to rape her. Unable to fight him off, Esmeralda grabs the whistle and frantically blows it. Before Frollo can make sense of her actions, Quasimodo picks him up, slams him against the wall, and beats him with the intention of killing him. Before Quasimodo can finish, Frollo stumbles into the moonlight pouring in from a far window. Quasimodo sees who Esmeralda's attacker is, and drops him in surprise. Frollo fumes with fury, and tells Esmeralda that no one will have her if he cannot, before leaving the cathedral.
Frollo finds Gringoire and informs him that the Parlement has voted to remove Esmeralda from the sanctuary, and intends to order soldiers to forcibly accomplish the task. Gringoire reluctantly agrees to save the girl, and formulates a plan with Frollo. The next night, Gringoire leads all the Parisian Gypsies to Notre Dame to rescue Esmeralda. Mistakenly responding to this assault, Quasimodo retaliates and uses Notre Dame's defenses to fight the gypsies, thinking that these people want to turn in Esmeralda. News of this soon comes to King Louis XI, and he sends soldiers (including Phoebus) to end the riot and hang Esmeralda. They reach Notre Dame in time to save Quasimodo, who is outnumbered and unable to prevent the gypsies from storming the Gallery of Kings. The gypsies are slaughtered by the king's men, while Quasimodo (who has not realised that the soldiers wish to hang Esmeralda) runs to Esmeralda's room. He goes into a panic when she is nowhere to be found.
During the attack, Gringoire and a cloaked stranger slip into Notre Dame and find Esmeralda about to sneak out of the cathedral (she had feared that soldiers were trying to take her away when she heard the battle). When Gringoire offers to save the girl, she agrees and goes with the two men. The three get into a nearby boat and paddle down the Seine, and she passes out when she hears many people chanting for her death.
When Esmeralda wakes, she finds that Gringoire is gone, and the stranger is Frollo. Frollo once more gives Esmeralda a choice: stay with him or be handed over to the soldiers. The girl asks to be executed. Angry, Frollo casts her into the arms of Gudule (Paquette Guybertaut). There, the two women realize that Esmeralda is in fact Gudule's lost child. The guards arrive, and Gudule pleads for them to show Esmeralda and herself mercy. Gudule follows the guards to the scaffold, kicking and biting along the way. A guard throws Gudule to the ground; she hits her head and dies.
Back at Notre Dame, Quasimodo is still frantically looking for his friend. He goes to the top of the north tower and finds Frollo there. Quasimodo notes Frollo's demented appearance and follows his gaze, where he sees Esmeralda in a white dress, dangling in her death throes from the scaffold.
Adaptations
Many film adaptations of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame have been made, which take various degrees of liberty with the novel and the character. For example, in most films, the sex scene between Phoebus and Esmeralda is not shown as intense, if at all.[citation needed]
In the Disney version, Esmeralda is shown to be a kind, caring, independent and witty gypsy who is willing to help others in need. Esmeralda's greatest wish is to see outcasts like Quasimodo and her fellow gypsies be accepted to society and be treated as people.
Among the actresses who have played her over the years are:

Actress
Version
Denise Becker 1905 adaptation
Stacia Napierkowska 1911 adaptation
Theda Bara 1917 adaptation
Sybil Thorndike 1922 adaptation
Patsy Ruth Miller 1923 adaptation
Maureen O'Hara 1939 adaptation
Gina Lollobrigida 1956 adaptation
Gay Hamilton 1966 adaptation
Michelle Newell 1977 adaptation
Lesley-Anne Down 1982 adaptation
Angela Punch McGregor (voice) 1986 adaptation
Demi Moore (voice) Heidi Mollenhauer (singing) 1996 Disney adaptation
Salma Hayek The Hunchback (1997 film)
Hélène Ségara 1997-2002, musical
Mélanie Thierry 1999 parody
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Esmeralda.

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The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo


Characters
Quasimodo ·
 Esmeralda ·
 Claude Frollo ·
 Captain Phoebus ·
 Clopin Trouillefou ·
 Pierre Gringoire
 
Bourdon-notre-dame-paris-tour-sud.jpg


Films
Esmeralda (1905) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1911) ·
 The Darling of Paris (1917) ·
 Esmeralda (1922) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1956) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1966) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1977) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1982) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1986) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) ·
 The Hunchback (1997) ·
 Quasimodo d'El Paris (1999) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame II (2002)
 

Other adaptations
La Esmeralda (1836 opera) ·
 La Esmeralda (1844 ballet) ·
 Notre-Dame de Paris (1998 musical) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1999 musical)
 

Parodies
Mad Monster Party? (1967) ·
 Hotel Transylvania (2012)
 

Music
"The Bells of Notre Dame" ·
 "Out There" ·
 "Topsy Turvy" ·
 "God Help the Outcasts" ·
 "Heaven's Light" ·
 "Hellfire" ·
 "A Guy Like You" ·
 "The Court of Miracles" ·
 "Someday"
 

 


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Claude Frollo
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Claude Frollo
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame character
ND-de-Paris-L4-Ch1-LesBonnesAmes.png
Claude Frollo, holding a baby Quasimodo. Art by Luc-Olivier Merson.

Created by
Victor Hugo
Information

Gender
Male
Occupation
Archdeacon
Nationality
French
Claude Frollo is a fictional character and the main antagonist from Victor Hugo's 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. He is the Archdeacon of Notre Dame.


Contents  [hide]
1 In the novel
2 Adaptations
3 Disney version 3.1 In the original film
3.2 Mentioned in the sequel
3.3 Other appearances
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

In the novel[edit]
In his youth, Claude Frollo was a highly knowledgeable but morose young man who was orphaned along with his infant brother Jehan when their parents died of the plague. His studies led him to become the Archdeacon of Josas, which is his position during the events of the novel. He also has a small fief which brings him a little money, most of which goes to fund his brother's alcoholism.
Frollo has a deeply compassionate side. He rescues Quasimodo, a deformed hunchback child whom he finds abandoned on the cathedral's foundlings bed. He adopts him, raises him like a son, cares for him, and teaches him a sort of sign language when Quasimodo becomes deaf. Frollo is a respected scholar and studies several languages, law, medicine, science and theology. However, he becomes infatuated with alchemy, which leads townspeople to spread the rumor that he is a sorcerer. He also believes strongly in fate. When a visitor to Frollo's quarters sees a fly caught in a web and tries to save the fly, Frollo sharply holds him back, saying, "Do not interfere with the workings of fate!" His dour, prematurely aged appearance (at thirty-six he is already nearly bald), as well as his extreme and irrational fear of women, contribute further to his isolation from society.
Frollo also has strong passions, though he is a celibate due to his station within the church. These passions erupt in him through his contact with the beautiful Gypsy girl Esmeralda, and eventually they prove his undoing. He considers her to be a temptation sent by the Devil to test his faith, and begins by cursing her as a demoness, but finds he cannot resist her, and determines to give in to temptation. Esmeralda, however, is repulsed by his impassioned advances. Frollo orders Quasimodo to abduct her, a crime that Frollo himself instigated out of mad lust for her, and then abandons him when the hunchback is suddenly captured by Captain Phoebus de Chateaupers and his guards. Frollo ignores the poor hunchback when he is being publicly tortured for the crime. When Frollo discovers that Esmeralda is in love with Phoebus, he spies on the meeting between them which Esmeralda has arranged – with Phoebus' consent, as Phoebus only wants one night of passion. As Phoebus and Esmeralda prepare to copulate, Frollo, in a jealous rage, stabs Phoebus, and kisses Esmeralda when she faints. He does not attempt to intercede when she is turned over to the magistrate on charges of witchcraft and murder, however, but he stabs himself during her torture and shows her the wound as a proof of his love for her. She is unmoved however, as she is still in love with Phoebus, even after discovering the truth about his infatuation with her, and shortly before her execution he comes completely undone and leaves Paris in a feverish madness, not realizing that his adopted son, Quasimodo, has rescued her from the gallows. When he returns to the news that Esmeralda is still alive, he quickly becomes as jealous of Quasimodo as he was of Phoebus; the thought drives him to further insanity. Frollo later attempts to rape her at her sanctuary in the cathedral, only to be brutally beaten and nearly killed by Quasimodo, who doesn't realize who he is until he staggers into the moonlight. Frollo has had enough, and decides to rid himself of Esmeralda by handing her over to the authorities.
Frollo's time comes when a group of scoundrels, enraged by news that the French monarchy has ordered Esmeralda to be taken from the cathedral and hanged within three days, arms themselves to assault Notre Dame Cathedral. While Quasimodo is busy fighting off the scoundrels, Pierre Gringoire, Esmeralda's husband – whom she only married to save his life – and a hooded figure sneak into the Cathedral and convince Esmeralda to sneak out with them. The man's face is hidden behind a hood, leaving Esmeralda to guess his identity. They flee to a boat on the Seine River, then separate when they head to shore, with Gringoire taking her goat, Djali, and leaving Esmeralda with the unknown man. The hooded figure drags Esmeralda to a nearby gallows and identifies himself as Frollo by removing his hood.
Frollo issues Esmeralda his final ultimatum: either she must accept his love, or he shall hand her over to the authorities. In fact, she refuses to reciprocate, so Frollo leaves Esmeralda to a recluse to hold her for the royal soldiers coming to hang her and goes back to Notre Dame Cathedral. He then walks up to one of the cathedral's towers to watch the girl being hanged, unaware that Quasimodo has spotted him and followed him upstairs. He watches calmly while Esmeralda is taken to the gallows; then when the girl is actually hanged he bursts into an evil laugh – perhaps he is glad to have her out of his life, or perhaps he sees it as retribution for her rejection of him. This is the last that is seen of Esmeralda.
When Quasimodo sees what Frollo has done to Esmeralda's hanging, he becomes enraged and pushes him off the balustrade. A gargoyle stops his fall, and he cries out to Quasimodo for help, but Quasimodo remains silent. Then Frollo falls down off the cathedral, colliding with the roof of a house. He slides down the roof, hits the pavement of the town square, and dies.
Adaptations[edit]
Victor Hugo's novel has been adapted to film on numerous occasions. In the 1923 silent film version, Frollo is not the villain at all; instead, he is a good archdeacon, and the villain of the film is actually his younger brother Jehan. The 1939 sound film version also made Claude the good archdeacon and Jehan the villain, with the sole exception that Jehan is a judge. This version of the story is said to be what most influenced the 1996 Disney adaptation, which had the same conditions aside from the name change: Claude Frollo is a judge rather than an archdeacon, the Archdeacon is a separate character entirely, and the character of Jehan is omitted. Actor Tony Jay stated that he knew the part of Frollo especially from the 1939 film. Many conclude that such changes were made to avoid a negative reaction from religious organizations. Typically, the adaptations omit Frollo's capacity for compassion, adding a selfish interpretation to his adoption of Quasimodo that is not present in the original novel.

Actor
Version
Character
 Victor Hugo's novel Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Walter Law 1917 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Annesley Healy 1922 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Brandon Hurst 1923 adaptation Jehan Frollo
Sir Cedric Hardwicke 1939 adaptation Judge Jehan Frollo
Alain Cuny 1956 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
James Maxwell (voice) 1966 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Kenneth Haigh 1977 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Derek Jacobi 1982 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Ron Haddrick (voice) 1986 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Vlasta Vrana (voice) 1995 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Tony Jay (voice) 1996 Disney adaptation Judge Claude Frollo
Richard Harris 1997 adaptation Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Daniel Lavoie 1997-2002, musical Archdeacon Claude Frollo
Richard Berry 1999 parody Serge Frollo
Disney version[edit]

Judge Claude Frollo
ClaudeFrollo.PNG
First appearance
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996)
The Hunchback of Notre Dame II (mentioned)
Created by
Kathy Zielinski
 Dominique Monféry
Voiced by
Tony Jay (film)
Corey Burton (Kingdom Hearts 3D: Dream Drop Distance)
In the original film[edit]
An adaptation of the character, Judge Claude Frollo is the main antagonist in Disney's animated film version of The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996). Frollo was animated by Kathy Zielinski and Dominique Monféry, and was voiced by Tony Jay, whom directors Kirk Wise and Gary Trousdale chose for the role based on his brief appearance in their previous film, Beauty and the Beast (1991). Although he is based on Hugo's Frollo from the novel, Disney's Frollo is inspired by Cedric Hardwicke's Jehan Frollo from the 1939 version of The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Like Hardwicke's Frollo, and unlike Hugo's, Disney's Frollo is a cold justice minister instead of an archdeacon, and like both versions, he is racist towards the gypsies because he sees them as "impure commoners". In the Disney film, however, he is genocidal towards them and wants nothing more than to wipe them out of Paris. Also, much like Hardwicke's Frollo, Disney's Frollo is depicted as the ruler of Paris and effectively above every law in the city outside of the Cathedral. However, in the Disney version, he has his very own army of thugs who dress up as soldiers to enforce his will, and lacks much of the original character's compassion and deep emotion, becoming more of an evil villain than a tragic anti-hero. Regardless, as in the novel and 1939 film, he still has lustful feelings for Esmeralda, and plans to have her executed if she refuses to love him. In the Disney film, he is presented as a vindictive, coldly intelligent, and arrogant sadist. Also, a little like in the novel version but much like in the 1939 film version, Disney's Frollo has little to no compassion or understanding for anyone or anything except himself. However, much like in both versions, is also perceived as a tragic figure, tormented by his maddening self-righteousness and narrow views. The opening song notes that he "longs to purge the world of vice sin" and sees "corruption everywhere" except in himself. Frollo is also symbolic of religious hypocrisy, which was also an enduring theme in the novel. (According to the Archdeacon, "it would be unwise to arouse Frollo's anger further.") Despite these changes to the character, the Disney version has been universally acclaimed, and has often been called one of the greatest of all Disney villains, and often is considered one of, if not the darkest.[1][2][3][4] Frollo's complex characterization and darker role in the story lead to many agreeing (most notably using his widely-praised song "Hellfire" as an example) that if the rest of the film was darker like Frollo's role in the film, the film itself would've been substantially better in comparison.
Frollo first appeared in the film, where his guards caught several gypsies entering Paris. After having the gypsy men chained and taken away, Frollo chases a gypsy woman, believing her to be hiding stolen goods. They arrive at Notre Dame, where he snatches the bundle from the woman and kicks her down the steps, which kills her. Frollo discovers that the "stolen goods" is actually the woman's hideously deformed baby son. Believing the boy to be an unholy demon, Frollo attempts to drown the infant in a well, but is stopped by the Archdeacon, who berates him for murdering an innocent woman on the steps of Notre Dame. As the Archdeacon takes the gypsy woman's body to have her buried in peace, he demands Frollo must raise the baby as his own son as penance. Fearing for his own damnation, Frollo reluctantly agrees, hoping to somehow use the child to further his own purposes. Naming the boy Quasimodo, Frollo raises him within the towers of Notre Dame, attempting to "protect" him from the outside world and convincing him that he is a monster and will never be accepted by society. He also lies to him about his mother, claiming that she abandoned him when he was a baby (which happened in the novel).
Twenty years later, Frollo appoints a new Captain of the Guard, Phoebus, in the Palace of Justice since his last one was "a bit of a disappointment" to him. He hopes to clear the gypsies out of Paris with Phoebus' help and go to Heaven when he dies. While attending the annual Festival of Fools, Frollo discovers a Gypsy dancer named Esmeralda, who attracts him with her beauty. Shortly afterwards, he discovers that Quasimodo left the bell tower and joined the Festival and was crowned the King of Fools. Frollo refuses to help Quasimodo when he is being publicly humiliated by the crowd in order to teach him a lesson; he even refuses Phoebus' permission to stop it, and is enraged when a defiant Esmeralda decides to assist him instead. Esmeralda ridicules and humiliates Frollo before claiming sanctuary within Notre Dame. That evening in the Palace of Justice, Frollo is disturbed by his attraction to Esmeralda which he believes is turning him to sin and pleas the Virgin Mary to protect him from her "spell" and to let Esmeralda taste the fires of Hell. Upon learning from one of his guards that Esmeralda has escaped the cathedral, Frollo is enraged and begins a ruthless campaign to find her, burning down the houses of those that would shelter gypsies and interrogating the gypsies that were captured, something which disturbs Phoebus a lot. It is not until Frollo attempts to execute an innocent family whom he suspects of collaborating with gypsies, which finally causes Phoebus to defy him and rescue the family; Frollo declares Phoebus a traitor and attempts to execute him, but he is eventually rescued by Esmeralda after being left for dead.
Realizing Quasimodo assisted Esmeralda, Frollo convinces him that the Court of Miracles has been found and will eventually be attacked at dawn with a thousand men. A misled Quasimodo accompanies Phoebus to the Court to warn Esmeralda, and Frollo and his army of thugs follow and arrest the gypsies. Frollo sees that Phoebus has survived and intends to "remedy it". After having Esmeralda, Phoebus, and the gypsies confined in cages, Frollo gets Quasimodo chained up to the tower, and starts his executions of the gypsies near the cathedral. The citizens of Paris angrily disapprove of this and demand of the gypsies' release, but the guards hold them back. Frollo starts off sentencing Esmeralda to execution, though he gives her a chance to live by becoming his mistress. She refuses to become Frollo's mistress — by spitting in his face — and is prepared to burn to death, but Quasimodo breaks free from his chains, rescues her after she passes out, and brings her to the cathedral, declaring sanctuary, much to the citizens' delight. Losing what's left of his sanity, Frollo orders his soldiers to seize the cathedral by force, which then finally allowed Phoebus to free himself and incite the citizens to fight back against Frollo's tyranny.
The citizens free the gypsies, and they both fight against Frollo's soldiers until Quasimodo pours molten copper from the cathedral into the streets, forcing everyone (including the soldiers) to scatter away. Despite Quasimodo's efforts, Frollo gains entrance to the interior of the cathedral, directly defying the Archdeacon and flinging him down a flight of stairs. He attempts to kill Quasimodo, resulting in a violent struggle in which Quasimodo throws Frollo to the floor and openly rejects everything that Frollo raised him to believe, but Esmeralda awakens, and Quasimodo rushes her to safety. Frollo chases them onto a balcony overlooking the city, where he and Quasimodo begin to fight.
In his rage, Frollo finally admits that he killed Quasimodo's mother who was trying to save him. He declares that he will now kill Quasimodo himself as he "should have done" twenty years ago. Frollo subsequently uses his cape to knock Quasimodo off of the balcony, but Quasimodo manages to hold on and ends up pulling Frollo along with him (but is unwilling to let him fall). Frollo dangles momentarily for his life, but he is soon able to climb on a gargoyle in perfect position to kill Esmeralda, who is attempting to save Quasimodo. Frollo raises his sword and maniacally quotes the Bible:
"And He shall smite the wicked and plunge them into the fiery pit!"
Ironically, the gargoyle that he is standing on starts to break and he falls, clinging on for dear life and dropping his sword. In his last moments, the face of the gargoyle comes to life and demonically roars at Frollo, terrifying him as the gargoyle breaks off completely from the balcony and sends him falling to his death into the lake of molten copper created by Quasimodo, clearly meant to symbolize that his soul is now trapped in eternal damnation in the Satanic fires of Hell for all eternity as punishment for his unholy actions and behavior, and ending his tyranny once and for all. Afterwards, the French army arrives and either kills or arrests the remainder of Frollo's thugs, some of whom reform and rejoin the Guard.
Mentioned in the sequel[edit]
In the sequel The Hunchback of Notre Dame II, Frollo and his attitude towards gypsies are alluded to when Sarousch (a gypsy master criminal and the main antagonist of the sequel) reminds Madellaine that when he caught her stealing food from him when she was little, he took her in instead of handing her to the authorities. This implies that Sarousch was aware of Frollo's prejudice towards gypsies and deliberately avoided targeting Paris while Frollo was alive. He is also referenced when Clopin announces Esmeralda's dancing performance, and jokingly tells a young boy that she just "might steal your heart," using a puppet that looked a lot like Frollo, referencing Frollo's lust for Esmeralda. Also, when Madellaine (who was Sarousch's assistant until she fell in love with Quasimodo) tries to convince him to trust her into helping him stop Sarousch, Quasimodo coldly replies "I already made that mistake", possibly referring to how Frollo deceived Quasimodo for twenty years into loyalty to the former.
Other appearances[edit]
Frollo appears in the Disney's Hollywood Studios night-time show Fantasmic! as one of the main villains called on by the Evil Queen to fight Mickey Mouse. He is destroyed along with the other villains in the show's conclusion. Frollo made appearances at Disney's Hollywood Studios in the daily Disney Stars and Motor Cars Parade. In 2009, the parade moved to the Walt Disney Studios park at Disneyland Resort Paris and it is uncertain if Frollo will appear in this version, renamed Stars'n'Cars. Frollo makes a brief cameo appearance during the night-time show Disney's World of Color at Disney California Adventure Park. "Hellfire", the song that Frollo sings in the feature film, is also heard in the show. Frollo also appears at the Walt Disney Parks and Resorts as a meetable character.
Frollo makes a brief appearance at the beginning of the House of Mouse special House of Villains. At one time, he was sitting with the Mad Hatter who was annoying him and making fun of his bulbous hat, but he had no dialogue. He also appeared sitting near the two outraged guests, but still no dialogue.
Frollo appears as a villain in Kingdom Hearts 3D: Dream Drop Distance, along with a world based on the Disney movie called "La Cité des Cloches". He plays out the same role as in the movie, though he is one of the few Disney villains who does not serve as a boss battle. He is voiced by Shouzou Sasaki in the Japanese version and by Corey Burton in the English version.
Frollo leads a team of Disney villains in The Kingdom Keepers IV: Power Play in order to free their leaders, Maleficent and Chernabog.
See also[edit]

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Arthur Dimmesdale, the corrupt fictional Puritan clergyman in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.toplessrobot.com/2010/08/the_15_greatest_disney_villains.php?page=2
2.Jump up ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTR-lePo9PA
3.Jump up ^ http://www.dvdizzy.com/disneyvillainscountdown/index3.html
4.Jump up ^ http://thatguywiththeglasses.com/videolinks/thatguywiththeglasses/nostalgia-critic/2786-top-11-disney-villains
External links[edit]
Illustration Gallery
Many faces of Frollo
Fansite
Frollo in the Disney Archives-Villains.


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Captain Phoebus
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 This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2010)

Captain Phoebus
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame character
Phoebus and Esmeralda.jpg
Phoebus with Esmeralda in an 1837 illustration

Created by
Victor Hugo
Information

Gender
Male
Nationality
French
Captain Phoebus de Châteaupers is a fictional character and one of the main antagonists in Victor Hugo's 1831 novel, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. He is the Captain of the King's Archers. His name comes from Phoebus, the Greek god of the sun (also called Apollo).
In the novel[edit]
In the original novel, Phoebus is an antagonist. Despite being of noble birth and very handsome, he is also vain, untrustworthy, and a womanizer. He saves Esmeralda from Quasimodo and she falls in love with him. Phoebus makes a convincing show of returning her affections, but merely wants a night of passion. Esmeralda arranges to meet Phoebus and tells him of her love for him, and he convinces her that he feels the same way about her. He is in fact engaged to another woman, the spiteful socialite Fleur-De-Lys. Not only that, he has agreed to let Claude Frollo spy on his meeting with Esmeralda. This decision proves his undoing, since as the couple prepare to have sex, the jealous Claude Frollo attacks Phoebus by stabbing him in the back. Frollo makes a quick get-away and Phoebus is presumed dead by homicide. Esmeralda, being the only one present, is presumed to be the killer. Phoebus, however, is not dead and soon recovers from his injury. But this does not stop Esmeralda from being tried and sentenced to death for his murder. Phoebus could have proved her innocence, but he remained silent. In the end of the novel, he marries Fleur-de-Lys de Gondelaurier, and watches Esmeralda's execution with apparently little or no remorse. Whilst being one of the few characters to survive the novel, Hugo hints that Phoebus' marriage will not be happy.
Adaptations[edit]

Actor
Version
Herbert Heyes 1917 Adaptation
Arthur Kingsley 1922 Adaptation
Norman Kerry 1923 Adaptation
Alan Marshal 1939 Adaptation
Jean Danet 1956 Adaptation
Alexander Davion (voice) 1966 Adaptation
Richard Morant 1977 Adaptation
Robert Powell 1982 Adaptation
Kevin Kline (voice) 1996 Disney Adaptation and its direct-to-video sequel
Benedick Blythe The Hunchback (1997 film)
Patrick Fiori 1997-2002, musical
Vincent Elbaz 1999 Parody
References[edit]

Portal icon France portal
Portal icon Fictional characters portal
Portal icon Literature portal
The Hunchback of Notre Dame: Characters at SparkNotes.com
Rebello, Stephen. The Art of The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) ISBN 0-7868-6208-4


[hide]
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The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo


Characters
Quasimodo ·
 Esmeralda ·
 Claude Frollo ·
 Captain Phoebus ·
 Clopin Trouillefou ·
 Pierre Gringoire
 
Bourdon-notre-dame-paris-tour-sud.jpg


Films
Esmeralda (1905) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1911) ·
 The Darling of Paris (1917) ·
 Esmeralda (1922) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1956) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1966) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1977) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1982) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1986) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) ·
 The Hunchback (1997) ·
 Quasimodo d'El Paris (1999) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame II (2002)
 

Other adaptations
La Esmeralda (1836 opera) ·
 La Esmeralda (1844 ballet) ·
 Notre-Dame de Paris (1998 musical) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1999 musical)
 

Parodies
Mad Monster Party? (1967) ·
 Hotel Transylvania (2012)
 

Music
"The Bells of Notre Dame" ·
 "Out There" ·
 "Topsy Turvy" ·
 "God Help the Outcasts" ·
 "Heaven's Light" ·
 "Hellfire" ·
 "A Guy Like You" ·
 "The Court of Miracles" ·
 "Someday"
 

 


Categories: The Hunchback of Notre-Dame characters
Fictional captains
Fictional French people
Fictional police officers
Fictional French people in literature
Fictional characters introduced in 1831
Kingdom Hearts characters





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Clopin Trouillefou
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 This article relies on references to primary sources. Please add references to secondary or tertiary sources. (January 2008)

Clopin Trouillefou
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame character
Created by
Victor Hugo
Information

Gender
Male
Nationality
Romani
Clopin Trouillefou is a fictional character first created in the 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by French author Victor Hugo, and subsequently adapted.


Contents  [hide]
1 In the novel
2 Adaptations
3 Disney version
4 External links

In the novel[edit]
In the story, Clopin disrupts Pierre Gringoire's play, begging the audience for money. Later that night, Gringoire runs into him once again in the Court of Miracles, where Clopin is revealed not as a beggar, but as the King of Truands. He prepares to execute Gringoire for trespassing, until the beautiful Esmeralda agrees to marry him in order to save him.
Near the end of the novel, Clopin receives news of Esmeralda's upcoming execution for the framed murder of Captain Phoebus. In order to rescue her, he rounds all of the Truands to attack Notre Dame Cathedral where Esmeralda is protected by Quasimodo. In response to the assault, Quasimodo retaliates with stones, timber, and molten lead. Finally, the author notes that Clopin dies courageously during the attack.
Adaptations[edit]

Actor
Version
John Webb Dillon 1917 Adaptation
Ernest Torrence 1923 Adaptation
Thomas Mitchell 1939 Adaptation
Philippe Clay 1956 Adaptation
Tony Caunter 1977 Adaptation
David Suchet 1982 Adaptation
Paul Kandel (voice) 1996 Disney Adaptation
Jim Dale The Hunchback (1997 film)
Luck Mervil 1997-2002, musical
Dominique Pinon 1999 Parody
Disney version[edit]

Clopin
Clopin
First appearance
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996)
Created by
Michael Surrey
Voiced by
Paul Kandel
Clopin is also present in the 1996 Disney version of the same name, in which he is a more jovial and less sinister gypsy than in the novel. However, he is much darker, in clothing and humor, when Quasimodo and Captain Phoebus arrive in the Court of Miracles, suggesting his personality during the day to have been something of a façade. However, he shows to have a gentle nature at the end of the film when he picks a little girl up and entertains her with a puppet resembling Judge Claude Frollo. He is voiced by Paul Kandel.
As well as narrating the whole film, Clopin introduces the film and begins the story with the song "The Bells of Notre Dame". He also sings "Topsy Turvy" about the traditional Parisian "Feast of Fools", also known as Twelfth Night (holiday) held every year on January 6.
Clopin wears two main costumes during the film: a jester suit (seen to the right), which he wears at the Festival of Fools; he also wears a similar costume in the catacombs, but it is almost completely purple with no gold trim, no mask, and no bells. In "The Court of Miracles", he wears a lawyer outfit, a judges outfit, and an executioner's outfit for brief periods of time.
He appears in the film five times. The first appearance is when Clopin sings "The Bells of Notre Dame," which tells the tale of how Frollo killed Quasimodo's mother, but was stopped by the Archdeacon before he could kill Quasimodo by drowning him in a well.
The second appearance is at the Festival of Fools, where he acts as the Lord of Misrule, or master of ceremonies, sings "Topsy Turvy," a riveting dance number that explains that it is "the day we do the things that we deplore on the other three-hundred-and-sixty-four." It is also during this song that he crowns Quasimodo the "King of Fools."
His third appearance is much later in the film, at the Court of Miracles, where a much darker side to his personality is shown. He and a large group of gypsies believe Quasimodo and Phoebus to be spies. They sing the song "The Court of Miracles" as Clopin puts Quasimodo and Phoebus on "trial" which includes a jury consisting of a puppet crafted in Clopin's likeness. He eventually finds them "totally innocent, which is the worst crime of all." He prepares to hang them, but Esmeralda arrives in time to stop him and tell the gypsies of their good intentions, explaining how Phoebus rescued the miller and his family from being burned by Frollo and how Quasimodo helped her escape the cathedral. Phoebus informs the gypsy people to leave, saying that Frollo knows of their hideout, a statement confirmed by Quasimodo, who was told of this by Frollo before. Realizing this, all the gypsies (including Clopin) agree and prepare to leave Paris, but unfortunately, Frollo arrives just in time to attack the Court of Miracles and Clopin is seen with his people struggling to break free from their bonds to no avail.
His fourth appearance is briefly during the climax of the film where Esmeralda is at the pyre before Notre Dame. When Quasimodo rescues Esmeralda, Phoebus breaks free and rouses the civilians into action, inciting them to release the gypsies and help them protect the cathedral from Frollo's soldiers. Clopin is seen jumping out of one of the many cages that hold the gypsies freed by the civilians. Along with the civilians and French army, they attack Frollo's soldiers.
His fifth and final appearance is at the end, where Quasimodo is escorted out from the cathedral to be praised by the people for his actions. Having developed a newfound respect for Quasimodo, Clopin happily declares "Three cheers for Quasimodo!" He then sings a reprise of "The Bells of Notre Dame" while entertaining one of the young children as the civilians finally cheer Quasimodo, accepting him into their society.
As the movie's narrator, Clopin has a great deal of knowledge about Quasimodo's past, seemingly more than Quasimodo himself. This suggests that to know the whole story, throughout Paris he must have many contacts. Clopin's age is never estimated, so it is unknown if he was a child or at least old enough to hear about Quasimodo's mother's murder.
Not only is Clopin the narrator in the story, but he is also the King of the Gypsies, who at the time were being rounded-up and murdered in an act of "purification" by Frollo.
Clopin also appeared in the straight-to-video sequel, The Hunchback of Notre Dame II, as the host for the Festival of Love, although he is no longer the narrator and plays a much smaller role.
External links[edit]

Portal icon France portal
Portal icon Fictional characters portal
Portal icon Novels portal


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo


Characters
Quasimodo ·
 Esmeralda ·
 Claude Frollo ·
 Captain Phoebus ·
 Clopin Trouillefou ·
 Pierre Gringoire
 
Bourdon-notre-dame-paris-tour-sud.jpg


Films
Esmeralda (1905) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1911) ·
 The Darling of Paris (1917) ·
 Esmeralda (1922) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1956) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1966) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1977) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1982) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1986) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) ·
 The Hunchback (1997) ·
 Quasimodo d'El Paris (1999) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame II (2002)
 

Other adaptations
La Esmeralda (1836 opera) ·
 La Esmeralda (1844 ballet) ·
 Notre-Dame de Paris (1998 musical) ·
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1999 musical)
 

Parodies
Mad Monster Party? (1967) ·
 Hotel Transylvania (2012)
 

Music
"The Bells of Notre Dame" ·
 "Out There" ·
 "Topsy Turvy" ·
 "God Help the Outcasts" ·
 "Heaven's Light" ·
 "Hellfire" ·
 "A Guy Like You" ·
 "The Court of Miracles" ·
 "Someday"
 

 


Categories: The Hunchback of Notre-Dame characters
Fictional clowns
Fictional singers
Fictional dancers
Fictional Gypsies
Fictional jesters
Fictional French people
Fictional French people in literature
Fictional characters introduced in 1831







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Pierre Gringoire
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Pierre Gringoire (1475? - 1538) was a popular French poet and playwright.[1] He was born in Normandy, at Thury-Harcourt, but the exact date and place of his death are unknown. His first work was Le Chasteau de Labour (1499), an allegorical poem.
From 1506 to 1512, he worked as an actor-manager and playwright in Paris. He is best known for the satirical plays he wrote during this period for the Confrérie des Enfants Sans Souci or Sots, a famous comedic acting troupe. While in Paris he became a favorite of Louis XII, who employed the troupe to poke fun at the papacy. Tension between France and Rome was building during this period, eventually resulting in the Italian Wars and the formation of the Catholic League in 1511. Gringoire wrote several scathing indictments of Pope Julius II, for example, La Chasse du cerf des cerfs (1510) and the trilogy, Le Jeu du Prince des Sots et Mère Sotte.
Following his Parisian period, he wrote a mystery play about Louis IX, Vie Monseigneur Sainct Loys par personnaiges (1514) for the Paris guild of masons and carpenters. Some scholars consider this to be his masterpiece.


Contents  [hide]
1 Personal life 1.1 Religion
2 In popular culture
3 References

Personal life[edit]
After Francis I took the throne, he put severe restrictions on plays and playwrights in place. Gringoire moved to Lorraine in 1518, where he married Catherine Roger.
Religion[edit]
Despite the various works in which he attacked the papacy, Gringoire was a devout Catholic. One of his later works, Blazon des hérétiques (1524) attacks heretics and leaders of the Protestant Reformation, up to and including Martin Luther.
In popular culture[edit]
A loosely fictionalized vision of Gringoire appears as a main character in Victor Hugo's 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. He is probably best known from Hugo's book; the character Gringoire was inspired by and bears some resemblance to the historical Gringoire.[2] He did not appear in Disney's 1996 animated film adaptation or its 2002 straight-to-video sequel. In the first film, his character is combined with the character of Captain Phoebus.
Gringoire is also the main character in the short drama Gringoire (1866) by Théodore de Banville.
References[edit]

Portal icon France portal
Portal icon Fictional characters portal
Portal icon Novels portal
1.Jump up ^ Zarifopol-Johnston, Ilinca (1995). To Kill a Text: The Dialogic Fiction of Hugo, Dickens, and Zola. U of Delaware P. pp. 233 n.57. ISBN 9780874135398. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
2.Jump up ^ Chassang, A. (1858). "Pierre Gringoire ou un poete dramatique au temps de Louis XII et de Francois Ier". Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur 3: 297–.


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Categories: 1475 births
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French dramatists and playwrights
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