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Fifty Shades of Grey

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For the film adaptation, see Fifty Shades of Grey (film). For the soundtrack album, see Fifty Shades of Grey (soundtrack).
Fifty Shades of Grey
50ShadesofGreyCoverArt.jpg
2012 paperback cover
 
Author
E. L. James
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English
Series
Fifty Shades trilogy
Genre
Erotic romance
Published
20 June 2011 (Vintage Books)
Media type
Print (Hardcover, paperback)
Pages
514
ISBN
978-1-61213028-6
OCLC
780307033
Followed by
Fifty Shades Darker
Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2011 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James. It is the first installment in the Fifty Shades trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey. It is notable for its explicitly erotic scenes featuring elements of sexual practices involving bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadism/masochism (BDSM). Originally self-published as an ebook and a print-on-demand,[1][2] publishing rights were acquired by Vintage Books in March 2012.[3][4]
The second and third volumes, Fifty Shades Darker and Fifty Shades Freed, were published in 2012. Fifty Shades of Grey has topped best-seller lists around the world, including those of the United Kingdom and the United States.[5][6] The series has sold over 100 million copies worldwide and been translated into 52 languages,[7] and set a record in the United Kingdom as the fastest-selling paperback of all time.[8] Critical reception of the book, however, has tended toward the negative, with the quality of its prose generally seen as poor. Universal Pictures and Focus Features produced a film adaptation, which was released on 13 February 2015[9] and also received generally unfavorable reviews.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Background
3 Reception
4 Controversies 4.1 Origin as fan fiction
4.2 Depiction of BDSM
4.3 Glorification of abusive relationships
4.4 Censorship or removal of books
5 Media 5.1 Film adaptation
5.2 Film soundtrack
5.3 Classical album
5.4 Parodies
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

Plot
Anastasia "Ana" Steele is a 21-year-old college senior attending Washington State University in Vancouver, Washington. Her best friend is Katherine "Kate" Kavanagh, who writes for the college newspaper. Due to an illness, Kate persuades Ana to take her place and interview 27-year-old Christian Grey, a successful and wealthy young entrepreneur in Seattle. Ana is instantly attracted to Christian, but also finds him intimidating. As a result, she stumbles through the interview and leaves Christian's office believing it went badly. Ana consoles herself by thinking they will never meet again. However, Christian appears at the hardware store where she works. While he purchases various items including cable ties, masking tape and rope, Ana informs Christian that Kate would like some photographs to go along with her article about him. Christian gives Ana his phone number. Later, Kate urges Ana to call Christian and arrange a photo shoot with their photographer friend, José Rodriguez.
The next day José, Kate, and Ana arrive for the photo shoot at the Heathman Hotel where Christian is staying. Christian asks Ana out for coffee. He asks if she's dating anyone, specifically José. Ana replies that she is not dating anyone. During the conversation, Ana learns that Christian is also single, but he says he is no romantic. Ana is intrigued but believes she is not attractive enough for Christian. Later, Ana receives a package from Christian containing first edition copies of Tess of the d'Urbervilles, which stuns her. Later that night, Ana goes out drinking with her friends and ends up drunk dialing Christian, who informs her that he will be coming to pick her up because of her inebriated state. Ana goes outside to get some fresh air, and José attempts to kiss her, but he is stopped by Christian's arrival. Ana leaves with Christian, but not before she discovers that Kate has been flirting with Christian's brother, Elliot. Later, Ana wakes to find herself in Christian's hotel room, where he scolds her for not taking proper care of herself. Christian then reveals that he would like to have sex with her. He initially says that Ana will first have to fill out paperwork, but later goes back on this statement after making out with her in the elevator.
Ana goes on a date with Christian where he takes her in his helicopter, Charlie Tango, to his apartment. Once there, Christian insists that she sign a non-disclosure agreement forbidding her to discuss anything that they do together, which Ana agrees to sign. He also mentions other paperwork, but first takes her to his playroom full of BDSM toys and gear. There Christian informs her that the second contract will be one of dominance and submission and that there will be no romantic relationship, only a sexual one. The contract even forbids Ana from touching Christian or making eye contact with him. At this point, Christian realizes that Ana is a virgin and agrees to take her virginity without making her sign the contract. The two then have sex. The following morning, Ana and Christian once again have sex. His mother then arrives moments after their sexual encounter, and is surprised by the meeting, having previously thought Christian was homosexual because he was never seen with a woman. Christian later takes Ana out to eat, and he reveals to her that he lost his virginity at fifteen to one of his mother's friends, Elena Lincoln, and that his previous dominant/submissive relationships (Christian reveals that in his first dominant/submissive relationship he was the submissive) failed due to incompatibility. They plan to meet up again and Christian takes Ana home, where she discovers several job offers and admits to Kate that she and Christian had sex.
Over the next few days, Ana receives several packages from Christian. These include a laptop to enable her to perform research on the BDSM lifestyle in consideration of the contract, as well as for the two of them to communicate, since she has never previously owned a computer, and a more detailed version of the dominant/submissive contract. She and Christian email each other, with Ana teasing him and refusing to honor parts of the contract, such as only eating foods from a specific list. Ana later meets up with Christian to discuss the contract, only to grow overwhelmed by the potential BDSM arrangement and the potential of having a sexual relationship with Christian that is not romantic in nature. Because of these feelings, Ana runs away from Christian and does not see him again until her college graduation, where he is a guest speaker. During this time, Ana agrees to sign the dominant/submissive contract. Ana and Christian once again meet up to further discuss the contract, and they go over Ana's hard and soft limits. Ana is spanked for the first time by Christian; the experience leaves her both enticed and slightly confused. This confusion is exacerbated by Christian's lavish gifts, and the fact that he brings her to meet his family. The two continue with the arrangement without Ana having yet signed the contract. After successfully landing a job with Seattle Independent Publishing (SIP), Ana further bristles under the restrictions of the non-disclosure agreement and her complex relationship with Christian. The tension between Ana and Christian eventually comes to a head after Ana asks Christian to punish her in order to show her how extreme a BDSM relationship with him could be. Christian fulfills Ana's request, beating her with a belt, only for Ana to realize that the two of them are incompatible. Devastated, Ana leaves Christian and returns to the apartment she shares with Kate.
Background
The Fifty Shades trilogy was developed from a Twilight fan fiction series originally titled Master of the Universe and published episodically on fan-fiction websites under the pen name "Snowqueen's Icedragon". The piece featured characters named after Stephenie Meyer's characters in Twilight, Edward Cullen and Bella Swan. After comments concerning the sexual nature of the material, James removed the story from the fan-fiction websites and published it on her own website, FiftyShades.com. Later she rewrote Master of the Universe as an original piece, with the principal characters renamed Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele and removed it from her website before publication.[10] Meyer commented on the series, saying "that's really not my genre, not my thing... Good on her—she's doing well. That's great!"[11]
This reworked and extended version of Master of the Universe was split into three parts. The first, titled Fifty Shades of Grey, was released as an e-book and a print on demand paperback in May 2011 by The Writers' Coffee Shop, a virtual publisher based in Australia. The second volume, Fifty Shades Darker, was released in September 2011; and the third, Fifty Shades Freed, followed in January 2012. The Writers' Coffee Shop had a restricted marketing budget and relied largely on book blogs for early publicity, but sales of the novel were boosted by word-of-mouth recommendation. The book's erotic nature and perceived demographic of its fan base as being composed largely of married women over thirty led to the book being dubbed "Mommy Porn" by some news agencies.[12][13] The book has also reportedly been popular among teenage girls and college women.[13][14][15] By the release of the final volume in January 2012, news networks in the United States had begun to report on the Fifty Shades trilogy as an example of viral marketing and of the rise in popularity of female erotica, attributing its success to the discreet nature of e-reading devices.[16][17] Due to the heightened interest in the series, the license to the Fifty Shades trilogy was picked up by Vintage Books for re-release in a new and revised edition in April 2012. The attention that the series has garnered has also helped to spark a renewed interest in erotic literature. Several popular works, such as Anne Rice's The Sleeping Beauty quartet and M.M. Majer's Ero 4, have been republished to meet the higher demand.[18]
On 1 August 2012, Amazon UK announced that it had sold more copies of Fifty Shades of Grey than it had the entire Harry Potter series combined, making E. L. James its best-selling author, replacing J. K. Rowling, though worldwide the Harry Potter series sold more than 450 million copies compared to Fifty Shades of Grey's sales of 60 million copies.[19] It was number one on USA Today's best-selling books list for twenty weeks in a row, breaking a previous record of 16 weeks set by In the Kitchen with Rosie: Oprah's Favorite Recipes by Rosie Daley and The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins.
Reception
Critical reception of Fifty Shades of Grey has been generally negative, with most critics noting poor literary qualities of the work. Sir Salman Rushdie said about the book: "I've never read anything so badly written that got published. It made Twilight look like War and Peace."[20] Maureen Dowd described the book in The New York Times as being written "like a Bronte devoid of talent," and said it was "dull and poorly written."[21] Jesse Kornbluth of The Huffington Post said: "As a reading experience, Fifty Shades...is a sad joke, puny of plot".[22]
Princeton professor April Alliston wrote, "Though no literary masterpiece, Fifty Shades is more than parasitic fan fiction based on the recent Twilight vampire series."[23] Entertainment Weekly writer Lisa Schwarzbaum gave the book a "B+" rating and praised it for being "in a class by itself."[24] British author Jenny Colgan in The Guardian wrote "It is jolly, eminently readable and as sweet and safe as BDSM (bondage, discipline, sadism and masochism) erotica can be without contravening the trade descriptions act" and also praised the book for being "more enjoyable" than other "literary erotic books".[25] However, The Daily Telegraph criticised the book as "treacly cliché" but also wrote that the sexual politics in Fifty Shades of Grey will have female readers "discussing it for years to come."[26] A reviewer for the Ledger-Enquirer described the book as guilty fun and escapism, but that it "also touches on one aspect of female existence [female submission]. And acknowledging that fact – maybe even appreciating it – shouldn't be a cause for guilt."[27] The New Zealand Herald stated that the book "will win no prizes for its prose" and that "there are some exceedingly awful descriptions," but it was also an easy read; "(If you only) can suspend your disbelief and your desire to – if you'll pardon the expression – slap the heroine for having so little self respect, you might enjoy it."[28]
The Columbus Dispatch also criticised the book but stated that, "Despite the clunky prose, James does cause one to turn the page."[29] Metro News Canada wrote that "suffering through 500 pages of this heroine's inner dialogue was torturous, and not in the intended, sexy kind of way".[30] Jessica Reaves, of the Chicago Tribune, wrote that the "book's source material isn't great literature", noting that the novel is "sprinkled liberally and repeatedly with asinine phrases", and described it as "depressing".[31] The book garnered some accolades. In December 2012, it won both "Popular Fiction" and "Book of the Year" categories in the UK National Book Awards.[32][33] In that same month, Publishers Weekly named E. L. James the 'Publishing Person of the Year', causing an "outcry from the literary world". For example, "What was Publishers Weekly thinking?" asked Los Angeles Times writer Carolyn Kellogg, while a New York Daily News headline read, "Civilization ends: E.L. James named Publishers Weekly's ‘Person of the Year’."[34]
The series has inspired parodies, such as "Fifty Shades of Hay".[35]
Controversies
The themes in Fifty Shades of Grey have drawn much concern and criticism. In the opinion of Newsweek, "...for every blogger or expert proclaiming Fifty Shades an emancipating tool for women, there's another decrying it as dangerous trash."[36]
Origin as fan fiction
Fifty Shades of Grey has attracted criticism due to its origin as a fan fiction based on the Twilight novels, with some readers predicting copyright issues due to this connection. Amanda Hayward of The Writer's Coffee Shop responded to these claims by stating that Fifty Shades of Grey "bore very little resemblance to Twilight" and that "Twilight and [the] Fifty Shades trilogy are worlds apart".[37]
In April 2012, when E. L. James was listed as one of Time magazine's "100 Most Influential People in the World",[38] Richard Lawson of The Atlantic Wire criticised her inclusion due to the trilogy's fan fiction beginnings.[39]
The fan fiction origins of the book were an issue in a lawsuit where Universal Studios attempted to prevent the release of a pornographic film based on it. The porn producer claimed that "much or all" of the Fifty Shades material was placed in the public domain in its original Twilight-based form,[40] but later capitulated and stopped production of their film.[41]
Depiction of BDSM
Fifty Shades of Grey has also attracted criticism due to its depictions of BDSM, with some BDSM participants stating that the book confuses BDSM with abuse and presents it as a pathology to be overcome, as well as showing incorrect and possibly dangerous BDSM techniques.[42][43]
There has also been criticism against the fact that BDSM is part of the book. Archbishop Dennis Schnurr of Cincinnati said in an early February 2015 letter, "The story line is presented as a romance; however, the underlying theme is that bondage, dominance, and sadomasochism are normal and pleasurable."[44] The organization Stop Porn Culture called for a boycott of the movie based on the book because of its sex scenes involving bondage and violence.[45]
Glorification of abusive relationships
Several critics and scientists have expressed concern that the nature of the main couple's relationship is not BDSM at all, but rather is characteristic of an abusive relationship. In 2013, social scientist Amy E. Bonomi published a study wherein the books were read by multiple professionals and assessed for characteristics of intimate partner violence, or IPV, using the CDC's standards for emotional abuse and sexual violence. The study found that nearly every interaction between Ana and Christian was emotionally abusive in nature, including stalking, intimidation, and isolation. The study group also observed pervasive sexual violence within the CDC's definition, including Christian's use of alcohol to circumvent Ana's ability to consent, and that Ana exhibits classic signs of an abused woman, including constant perceived threat, stressful managing, and altered identity.[46]
A second study in 2014 was conducted to examine the health of women who had read the series, compared to a control group that had never read any part of the novels. The results showed a correlation between having read at least the first book and exhibiting signs of an eating disorder, having romantic partners that were emotionally abusive and/or engaged in stalking behavior, engaging in binge drinking in the last month, and having 5 or more sexual partners before age 24. The authors could not conclude whether women already experiencing these problems were drawn to the series, or if the series influenced these behaviors to occur after reading by creating underlying context.[47] The study's lead researcher contends that the books romanticize dangerous behavior and "perpetuate dangerous abuse standards."[36] The study was limited in that only women up to age 24 were studied, and no distinction was made among the reader sample between women who enjoyed the series and those that had a strong negative opinion of it, having only read it out of curiosity due to the media hype or other obligation.[48]
At the beginning of the media hype, Dr. Drew and sexologist Logan Levkoff discussed the book on The Today Show,[49] about whether Fifty Shades perpetuated violence against women; Levkoff said that while that is an important subject, this trilogy had nothing to do with it – this was a book about a consensual relationship. Dr. Drew commented that the book was "horribly written" in addition to being "disturbing" but stated that "if the book enhances women's real-life sex lives and intimacy, so be it."[50]
Censorship or removal of books
In March 2012, branches of the public library in Brevard County, Florida, removed copies of Fifty Shades of Grey from their shelves, with an official stating that it did not meet the selection criteria for the library and that reviews for the book had been poor. A representative for the library stated that it was due to the book's sexual content and that other libraries had declined to purchase copies for their branches.[51] Deborah Caldwell-Stone of the American Library Association commented that "If the only reason you don't select a book is that you disapprove of its content, but there is demand for it, there's a question of whether you're being fair. In a public library there is usually very little that would prevent a book from being on the shelf if there is a demand for the information."[51] Brevard County public libraries later made their copies available to their patrons due to public demand.[52]
In Macaé, Brazil, Judge Raphael Queiroz Campos ruled in January 2013 that bookstores throughout the city must either remove the series entirely from their shelves or ensure that the books are wrapped and placed out of the reach of minors.[53] The judge stated that he was prompted to make such an order after seeing children reading them,[54] basing his decision on a law stating that "magazines and publications whose content is improper or inadequate for children and adolescents can only be sold if sealed and with warnings regarding their content".[55]
Media
Film adaptation
Main article: Fifty Shades of Grey (film)
A film adaptation of the book was produced by Focus Features,[56] Michael De Luca Productions, and Trigger Street Productions,[57] with Universal Pictures and Focus Features securing the rights to the trilogy in March 2012.[58] Universal is also the film's distributor. Charlie Hunnam was originally cast in the role of Christian Grey alongside Dakota Johnson in the role of Anastasia Steele,[59][60] but Hunnam gave up the part in October 2013,[61] with Jamie Dornan announced for the role on 23 October.[62]
The film was released on 13 February 2015,[9] and although popular at the box office, critical reactions were mixed.[63]
Film soundtrack
Main article: Fifty Shades of Grey (soundtrack)
E. L. James announced the film's soundtrack would be released on 10 February 2015.[64][65] Prior to the soundtrack's release, the first single, "Earned It", by The Weeknd, was released on 24 December 2014.[66] On 7 January 2015, the second single, "Love Me Like You Do" by Ellie Goulding was released.[67] Australian singer Sia released the soundtrack's third single, "Salted Wound", on 27 January 2015.[68]
Classical album
An album of songs selected by E. L. James was released on 11 September 2012 by EMI Classics under the title Fifty Shades of Grey: The Classical Album, and reached number four on the US Billboard classical music albums chart in October 2012.[69][70] A Seattle P-I reviewer favorably wrote that the album would appeal both to fans of the series and to "those who have no intention of reading any of the Grey Shades".[71]
Parodies
The Fifty Shades of Grey trilogy has inspired many parodies in print,[72][73] online, and on the stage. Amazon.com lists over fifty book parodies, ranging from Fifty Shames of Earl Grey[74] by Fanny Merkin (a.k.a. Andrew Shaffer) to Fifty Shades of Oy Vey[75] by E. L. Jamesbergstein. Parodying the fan fiction origins of Fifty Shades of Grey, Ivy league MBA students have created Erotic FinFiction, a blog containing steamy entries written in business jargon.[76] Numerous Internet meme collections contain comedic versions of the Fifty Shades of Grey book cover.[77] Stage productions include Spank! The Fifty Shades Parody, 50 Shades! The Musical Parody, and Cuff Me: The Fifty Shades of Grey Musical Parody.[78]
See also

Portal icon Novels portal
Portal icon Pornography portal
BDSM in culture and media
Sadism and masochism in fiction
References
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67.Jump up ^ Strecker, Erin (7 January 2015). "Listen To Ellie Goulding's Sexy New Song From 'Fifty Shades of Grey' Soundtrack". Billboard. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
68.Jump up ^ Artists, Various (27 January 2015). "Fifty Shades of Grey (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)". Apple. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
69.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey Classical Album Coming in August", Billboard.com, 7 August 2012
70.Jump up ^ "Billboard Charts Top 5 Classical Music Albums". Classicalite. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
71.Jump up ^ Goodstein, Jack (15 September 2012). "Music Review: Fifty Shades of Grey: The Classical Album". Seattle PI. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
72.Jump up ^ "18 things you don't know about Fifty Shades of Grey: The Parody Books Keep Coming". CBS News. February 17, 2015.
73.Jump up ^ Rachel Kramer Bussel (April 22, 2015). "In the wake of 50 Shades of Grey, what’s even better than sex? Ridiculous sex". Salon.com.
74.Jump up ^ Merkin, Fanny; Shaffer, Andrew (2012). Fifty Shames of Earl Grey: A Parody. ISBN 0306821990.
75.Jump up ^ Jamesbergstein, E.L. (2013). Fifty Shades of Oy Vey: A Parody.
76.Jump up ^ Edwards, Peter (17 December 2013). "Business students steam up spreadsheets with ‘Fifty Shades of Grey’ treatment". The Star (Toronto).
77.Jump up ^ e.g. http://fiftyshadesmeme.com
78.Jump up ^ Cuff Me: The Fifty Shades of Grey Musical Parody, http://www.broadway.com/shows/cuff-me-fifty-shades-grey-musical-parody/
External links
Official author page


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Fifty Shades of Grey

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For the film adaptation, see Fifty Shades of Grey (film). For the soundtrack album, see Fifty Shades of Grey (soundtrack).
Fifty Shades of Grey
50ShadesofGreyCoverArt.jpg
2012 paperback cover
 
Author
E. L. James
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English
Series
Fifty Shades trilogy
Genre
Erotic romance
Published
20 June 2011 (Vintage Books)
Media type
Print (Hardcover, paperback)
Pages
514
ISBN
978-1-61213028-6
OCLC
780307033
Followed by
Fifty Shades Darker
Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2011 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James. It is the first installment in the Fifty Shades trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey. It is notable for its explicitly erotic scenes featuring elements of sexual practices involving bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadism/masochism (BDSM). Originally self-published as an ebook and a print-on-demand,[1][2] publishing rights were acquired by Vintage Books in March 2012.[3][4]
The second and third volumes, Fifty Shades Darker and Fifty Shades Freed, were published in 2012. Fifty Shades of Grey has topped best-seller lists around the world, including those of the United Kingdom and the United States.[5][6] The series has sold over 100 million copies worldwide and been translated into 52 languages,[7] and set a record in the United Kingdom as the fastest-selling paperback of all time.[8] Critical reception of the book, however, has tended toward the negative, with the quality of its prose generally seen as poor. Universal Pictures and Focus Features produced a film adaptation, which was released on 13 February 2015[9] and also received generally unfavorable reviews.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Background
3 Reception
4 Controversies 4.1 Origin as fan fiction
4.2 Depiction of BDSM
4.3 Glorification of abusive relationships
4.4 Censorship or removal of books
5 Media 5.1 Film adaptation
5.2 Film soundtrack
5.3 Classical album
5.4 Parodies
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

Plot
Anastasia "Ana" Steele is a 21-year-old college senior attending Washington State University in Vancouver, Washington. Her best friend is Katherine "Kate" Kavanagh, who writes for the college newspaper. Due to an illness, Kate persuades Ana to take her place and interview 27-year-old Christian Grey, a successful and wealthy young entrepreneur in Seattle. Ana is instantly attracted to Christian, but also finds him intimidating. As a result, she stumbles through the interview and leaves Christian's office believing it went badly. Ana consoles herself by thinking they will never meet again. However, Christian appears at the hardware store where she works. While he purchases various items including cable ties, masking tape and rope, Ana informs Christian that Kate would like some photographs to go along with her article about him. Christian gives Ana his phone number. Later, Kate urges Ana to call Christian and arrange a photo shoot with their photographer friend, José Rodriguez.
The next day José, Kate, and Ana arrive for the photo shoot at the Heathman Hotel where Christian is staying. Christian asks Ana out for coffee. He asks if she's dating anyone, specifically José. Ana replies that she is not dating anyone. During the conversation, Ana learns that Christian is also single, but he says he is no romantic. Ana is intrigued but believes she is not attractive enough for Christian. Later, Ana receives a package from Christian containing first edition copies of Tess of the d'Urbervilles, which stuns her. Later that night, Ana goes out drinking with her friends and ends up drunk dialing Christian, who informs her that he will be coming to pick her up because of her inebriated state. Ana goes outside to get some fresh air, and José attempts to kiss her, but he is stopped by Christian's arrival. Ana leaves with Christian, but not before she discovers that Kate has been flirting with Christian's brother, Elliot. Later, Ana wakes to find herself in Christian's hotel room, where he scolds her for not taking proper care of herself. Christian then reveals that he would like to have sex with her. He initially says that Ana will first have to fill out paperwork, but later goes back on this statement after making out with her in the elevator.
Ana goes on a date with Christian where he takes her in his helicopter, Charlie Tango, to his apartment. Once there, Christian insists that she sign a non-disclosure agreement forbidding her to discuss anything that they do together, which Ana agrees to sign. He also mentions other paperwork, but first takes her to his playroom full of BDSM toys and gear. There Christian informs her that the second contract will be one of dominance and submission and that there will be no romantic relationship, only a sexual one. The contract even forbids Ana from touching Christian or making eye contact with him. At this point, Christian realizes that Ana is a virgin and agrees to take her virginity without making her sign the contract. The two then have sex. The following morning, Ana and Christian once again have sex. His mother then arrives moments after their sexual encounter, and is surprised by the meeting, having previously thought Christian was homosexual because he was never seen with a woman. Christian later takes Ana out to eat, and he reveals to her that he lost his virginity at fifteen to one of his mother's friends, Elena Lincoln, and that his previous dominant/submissive relationships (Christian reveals that in his first dominant/submissive relationship he was the submissive) failed due to incompatibility. They plan to meet up again and Christian takes Ana home, where she discovers several job offers and admits to Kate that she and Christian had sex.
Over the next few days, Ana receives several packages from Christian. These include a laptop to enable her to perform research on the BDSM lifestyle in consideration of the contract, as well as for the two of them to communicate, since she has never previously owned a computer, and a more detailed version of the dominant/submissive contract. She and Christian email each other, with Ana teasing him and refusing to honor parts of the contract, such as only eating foods from a specific list. Ana later meets up with Christian to discuss the contract, only to grow overwhelmed by the potential BDSM arrangement and the potential of having a sexual relationship with Christian that is not romantic in nature. Because of these feelings, Ana runs away from Christian and does not see him again until her college graduation, where he is a guest speaker. During this time, Ana agrees to sign the dominant/submissive contract. Ana and Christian once again meet up to further discuss the contract, and they go over Ana's hard and soft limits. Ana is spanked for the first time by Christian; the experience leaves her both enticed and slightly confused. This confusion is exacerbated by Christian's lavish gifts, and the fact that he brings her to meet his family. The two continue with the arrangement without Ana having yet signed the contract. After successfully landing a job with Seattle Independent Publishing (SIP), Ana further bristles under the restrictions of the non-disclosure agreement and her complex relationship with Christian. The tension between Ana and Christian eventually comes to a head after Ana asks Christian to punish her in order to show her how extreme a BDSM relationship with him could be. Christian fulfills Ana's request, beating her with a belt, only for Ana to realize that the two of them are incompatible. Devastated, Ana leaves Christian and returns to the apartment she shares with Kate.
Background
The Fifty Shades trilogy was developed from a Twilight fan fiction series originally titled Master of the Universe and published episodically on fan-fiction websites under the pen name "Snowqueen's Icedragon". The piece featured characters named after Stephenie Meyer's characters in Twilight, Edward Cullen and Bella Swan. After comments concerning the sexual nature of the material, James removed the story from the fan-fiction websites and published it on her own website, FiftyShades.com. Later she rewrote Master of the Universe as an original piece, with the principal characters renamed Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele and removed it from her website before publication.[10] Meyer commented on the series, saying "that's really not my genre, not my thing... Good on her—she's doing well. That's great!"[11]
This reworked and extended version of Master of the Universe was split into three parts. The first, titled Fifty Shades of Grey, was released as an e-book and a print on demand paperback in May 2011 by The Writers' Coffee Shop, a virtual publisher based in Australia. The second volume, Fifty Shades Darker, was released in September 2011; and the third, Fifty Shades Freed, followed in January 2012. The Writers' Coffee Shop had a restricted marketing budget and relied largely on book blogs for early publicity, but sales of the novel were boosted by word-of-mouth recommendation. The book's erotic nature and perceived demographic of its fan base as being composed largely of married women over thirty led to the book being dubbed "Mommy Porn" by some news agencies.[12][13] The book has also reportedly been popular among teenage girls and college women.[13][14][15] By the release of the final volume in January 2012, news networks in the United States had begun to report on the Fifty Shades trilogy as an example of viral marketing and of the rise in popularity of female erotica, attributing its success to the discreet nature of e-reading devices.[16][17] Due to the heightened interest in the series, the license to the Fifty Shades trilogy was picked up by Vintage Books for re-release in a new and revised edition in April 2012. The attention that the series has garnered has also helped to spark a renewed interest in erotic literature. Several popular works, such as Anne Rice's The Sleeping Beauty quartet and M.M. Majer's Ero 4, have been republished to meet the higher demand.[18]
On 1 August 2012, Amazon UK announced that it had sold more copies of Fifty Shades of Grey than it had the entire Harry Potter series combined, making E. L. James its best-selling author, replacing J. K. Rowling, though worldwide the Harry Potter series sold more than 450 million copies compared to Fifty Shades of Grey's sales of 60 million copies.[19] It was number one on USA Today's best-selling books list for twenty weeks in a row, breaking a previous record of 16 weeks set by In the Kitchen with Rosie: Oprah's Favorite Recipes by Rosie Daley and The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins.
Reception
Critical reception of Fifty Shades of Grey has been generally negative, with most critics noting poor literary qualities of the work. Sir Salman Rushdie said about the book: "I've never read anything so badly written that got published. It made Twilight look like War and Peace."[20] Maureen Dowd described the book in The New York Times as being written "like a Bronte devoid of talent," and said it was "dull and poorly written."[21] Jesse Kornbluth of The Huffington Post said: "As a reading experience, Fifty Shades...is a sad joke, puny of plot".[22]
Princeton professor April Alliston wrote, "Though no literary masterpiece, Fifty Shades is more than parasitic fan fiction based on the recent Twilight vampire series."[23] Entertainment Weekly writer Lisa Schwarzbaum gave the book a "B+" rating and praised it for being "in a class by itself."[24] British author Jenny Colgan in The Guardian wrote "It is jolly, eminently readable and as sweet and safe as BDSM (bondage, discipline, sadism and masochism) erotica can be without contravening the trade descriptions act" and also praised the book for being "more enjoyable" than other "literary erotic books".[25] However, The Daily Telegraph criticised the book as "treacly cliché" but also wrote that the sexual politics in Fifty Shades of Grey will have female readers "discussing it for years to come."[26] A reviewer for the Ledger-Enquirer described the book as guilty fun and escapism, but that it "also touches on one aspect of female existence [female submission]. And acknowledging that fact – maybe even appreciating it – shouldn't be a cause for guilt."[27] The New Zealand Herald stated that the book "will win no prizes for its prose" and that "there are some exceedingly awful descriptions," but it was also an easy read; "(If you only) can suspend your disbelief and your desire to – if you'll pardon the expression – slap the heroine for having so little self respect, you might enjoy it."[28]
The Columbus Dispatch also criticised the book but stated that, "Despite the clunky prose, James does cause one to turn the page."[29] Metro News Canada wrote that "suffering through 500 pages of this heroine's inner dialogue was torturous, and not in the intended, sexy kind of way".[30] Jessica Reaves, of the Chicago Tribune, wrote that the "book's source material isn't great literature", noting that the novel is "sprinkled liberally and repeatedly with asinine phrases", and described it as "depressing".[31] The book garnered some accolades. In December 2012, it won both "Popular Fiction" and "Book of the Year" categories in the UK National Book Awards.[32][33] In that same month, Publishers Weekly named E. L. James the 'Publishing Person of the Year', causing an "outcry from the literary world". For example, "What was Publishers Weekly thinking?" asked Los Angeles Times writer Carolyn Kellogg, while a New York Daily News headline read, "Civilization ends: E.L. James named Publishers Weekly's ‘Person of the Year’."[34]
The series has inspired parodies, such as "Fifty Shades of Hay".[35]
Controversies
The themes in Fifty Shades of Grey have drawn much concern and criticism. In the opinion of Newsweek, "...for every blogger or expert proclaiming Fifty Shades an emancipating tool for women, there's another decrying it as dangerous trash."[36]
Origin as fan fiction
Fifty Shades of Grey has attracted criticism due to its origin as a fan fiction based on the Twilight novels, with some readers predicting copyright issues due to this connection. Amanda Hayward of The Writer's Coffee Shop responded to these claims by stating that Fifty Shades of Grey "bore very little resemblance to Twilight" and that "Twilight and [the] Fifty Shades trilogy are worlds apart".[37]
In April 2012, when E. L. James was listed as one of Time magazine's "100 Most Influential People in the World",[38] Richard Lawson of The Atlantic Wire criticised her inclusion due to the trilogy's fan fiction beginnings.[39]
The fan fiction origins of the book were an issue in a lawsuit where Universal Studios attempted to prevent the release of a pornographic film based on it. The porn producer claimed that "much or all" of the Fifty Shades material was placed in the public domain in its original Twilight-based form,[40] but later capitulated and stopped production of their film.[41]
Depiction of BDSM
Fifty Shades of Grey has also attracted criticism due to its depictions of BDSM, with some BDSM participants stating that the book confuses BDSM with abuse and presents it as a pathology to be overcome, as well as showing incorrect and possibly dangerous BDSM techniques.[42][43]
There has also been criticism against the fact that BDSM is part of the book. Archbishop Dennis Schnurr of Cincinnati said in an early February 2015 letter, "The story line is presented as a romance; however, the underlying theme is that bondage, dominance, and sadomasochism are normal and pleasurable."[44] The organization Stop Porn Culture called for a boycott of the movie based on the book because of its sex scenes involving bondage and violence.[45]
Glorification of abusive relationships
Several critics and scientists have expressed concern that the nature of the main couple's relationship is not BDSM at all, but rather is characteristic of an abusive relationship. In 2013, social scientist Amy E. Bonomi published a study wherein the books were read by multiple professionals and assessed for characteristics of intimate partner violence, or IPV, using the CDC's standards for emotional abuse and sexual violence. The study found that nearly every interaction between Ana and Christian was emotionally abusive in nature, including stalking, intimidation, and isolation. The study group also observed pervasive sexual violence within the CDC's definition, including Christian's use of alcohol to circumvent Ana's ability to consent, and that Ana exhibits classic signs of an abused woman, including constant perceived threat, stressful managing, and altered identity.[46]
A second study in 2014 was conducted to examine the health of women who had read the series, compared to a control group that had never read any part of the novels. The results showed a correlation between having read at least the first book and exhibiting signs of an eating disorder, having romantic partners that were emotionally abusive and/or engaged in stalking behavior, engaging in binge drinking in the last month, and having 5 or more sexual partners before age 24. The authors could not conclude whether women already experiencing these problems were drawn to the series, or if the series influenced these behaviors to occur after reading by creating underlying context.[47] The study's lead researcher contends that the books romanticize dangerous behavior and "perpetuate dangerous abuse standards."[36] The study was limited in that only women up to age 24 were studied, and no distinction was made among the reader sample between women who enjoyed the series and those that had a strong negative opinion of it, having only read it out of curiosity due to the media hype or other obligation.[48]
At the beginning of the media hype, Dr. Drew and sexologist Logan Levkoff discussed the book on The Today Show,[49] about whether Fifty Shades perpetuated violence against women; Levkoff said that while that is an important subject, this trilogy had nothing to do with it – this was a book about a consensual relationship. Dr. Drew commented that the book was "horribly written" in addition to being "disturbing" but stated that "if the book enhances women's real-life sex lives and intimacy, so be it."[50]
Censorship or removal of books
In March 2012, branches of the public library in Brevard County, Florida, removed copies of Fifty Shades of Grey from their shelves, with an official stating that it did not meet the selection criteria for the library and that reviews for the book had been poor. A representative for the library stated that it was due to the book's sexual content and that other libraries had declined to purchase copies for their branches.[51] Deborah Caldwell-Stone of the American Library Association commented that "If the only reason you don't select a book is that you disapprove of its content, but there is demand for it, there's a question of whether you're being fair. In a public library there is usually very little that would prevent a book from being on the shelf if there is a demand for the information."[51] Brevard County public libraries later made their copies available to their patrons due to public demand.[52]
In Macaé, Brazil, Judge Raphael Queiroz Campos ruled in January 2013 that bookstores throughout the city must either remove the series entirely from their shelves or ensure that the books are wrapped and placed out of the reach of minors.[53] The judge stated that he was prompted to make such an order after seeing children reading them,[54] basing his decision on a law stating that "magazines and publications whose content is improper or inadequate for children and adolescents can only be sold if sealed and with warnings regarding their content".[55]
Media
Film adaptation
Main article: Fifty Shades of Grey (film)
A film adaptation of the book was produced by Focus Features,[56] Michael De Luca Productions, and Trigger Street Productions,[57] with Universal Pictures and Focus Features securing the rights to the trilogy in March 2012.[58] Universal is also the film's distributor. Charlie Hunnam was originally cast in the role of Christian Grey alongside Dakota Johnson in the role of Anastasia Steele,[59][60] but Hunnam gave up the part in October 2013,[61] with Jamie Dornan announced for the role on 23 October.[62]
The film was released on 13 February 2015,[9] and although popular at the box office, critical reactions were mixed.[63]
Film soundtrack
Main article: Fifty Shades of Grey (soundtrack)
E. L. James announced the film's soundtrack would be released on 10 February 2015.[64][65] Prior to the soundtrack's release, the first single, "Earned It", by The Weeknd, was released on 24 December 2014.[66] On 7 January 2015, the second single, "Love Me Like You Do" by Ellie Goulding was released.[67] Australian singer Sia released the soundtrack's third single, "Salted Wound", on 27 January 2015.[68]
Classical album
An album of songs selected by E. L. James was released on 11 September 2012 by EMI Classics under the title Fifty Shades of Grey: The Classical Album, and reached number four on the US Billboard classical music albums chart in October 2012.[69][70] A Seattle P-I reviewer favorably wrote that the album would appeal both to fans of the series and to "those who have no intention of reading any of the Grey Shades".[71]
Parodies
The Fifty Shades of Grey trilogy has inspired many parodies in print,[72][73] online, and on the stage. Amazon.com lists over fifty book parodies, ranging from Fifty Shames of Earl Grey[74] by Fanny Merkin (a.k.a. Andrew Shaffer) to Fifty Shades of Oy Vey[75] by E. L. Jamesbergstein. Parodying the fan fiction origins of Fifty Shades of Grey, Ivy league MBA students have created Erotic FinFiction, a blog containing steamy entries written in business jargon.[76] Numerous Internet meme collections contain comedic versions of the Fifty Shades of Grey book cover.[77] Stage productions include Spank! The Fifty Shades Parody, 50 Shades! The Musical Parody, and Cuff Me: The Fifty Shades of Grey Musical Parody.[78]
See also

Portal icon Novels portal
Portal icon Pornography portal
BDSM in culture and media
Sadism and masochism in fiction
References
1.Jump up ^ ‘50 Shades of Grey,’ a Self-Published E-Book, Is the Future of Publishing. Lizzie Shurnick. The Daily Beast. 17 March 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
2.Jump up ^ Bestseller Success Stories that Started Out as Self-Published Books. Ronald H. Balsom. 8 October 2013.
3.Jump up ^ Julie Bosman. Fifty Shades of Gray Hits a Sales Milestone. The New York Times. 27 February 2014. page C3.
4.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey" Sales Hit 100 Million. Andy Lewis. The Hollywood Reporter. 16 February 2014.
5.Jump up ^ "EL James' Fifty Shades of Grey tops New York Times list". UK: BBC. 11 March 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
6.Jump up ^ "Erotic book Fifty Shades of Grey becomes UK bestseller". UK: BBC. 19 April 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
7.Jump up ^ Fifty Shades of Grey Release Date Pushed Back to February 13, 2015—Just in Time for Valentine's Day!
8.Jump up ^ Bentley, Paul (18 June 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey outstrips Harry Potter to become fastest selling paperback of all time". Daily Mail (London). Retrieved 18 June 2012.
9.^ Jump up to: a b "Universal Shifts ’50 Shades’ Release Date to February 2015". Variety. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
10.Jump up ^ Boog, Jason (21 November 2012). "The Lost History of Fifty Shades of Grey". Media bistro.
11.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey: Stephenie Meyer Speaks Out". MTV. 29 May 2012.
12.Jump up ^ Bosman, Julie (20 March 2012). "Discreetly Digital, Erotic Novel Sets American Women Abuzz". The New York Times.
13.^ Jump up to: a b Goudreau, Jenna (19 March 2012). "Will Fifty Shades of Grey Make 'Mommy Porn' The Next Big Thing?". Forbes. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
14.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey author EL James reveals real-life secrets to her readers". The Belfast Telegraph. 4 July 2012. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
15.Jump up ^ Lewak, Doree (11 July 2012). "The hot sex text". New York Post.
16.Jump up ^ "Erotic novel 50 Shades of Grey unites gals, unnerves some guys". Fox News. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
17.Jump up ^ Bennett-Smith, Meredith (15 March 2012). "50 Shades of Grey: What is the appeal?". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
18.Jump up ^ "Publishing world is turned on by 'Fifty Shades of Grey'". USA Today. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
19.Jump up ^ Meredith, Charlotte (1 August 2012), "Fifty Shades of Grey becomes the bestselling book of all time", Daily Express (UK)
20.Jump up ^ Irvine, Chris (9 October 2012). "Sir Salman Rushdie: 'Fifty Shades of Grey makes Twilight look like War and Peace'". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 30 April 2013.
21.Jump up ^ Dowd, Maureen (31 March 2012). "She’s Fit to Be Tied". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
22.Jump up ^ Kornbluth, Jesse (12 March 2012). "'Fifty Shades Of Grey': Is The Hottest-Selling Book In America Really Just 'S&M For Dummies?'". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
23.Jump up ^ "'Mommy porn' novel has retro message". CNN. 29 March 2012.
24.Jump up ^ Schwarzbaum, Lisa (21 March 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
25.Jump up ^ Colgan, Jenny (13 April 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 24 June 2012.
26.Jump up ^ Barnett, Laura (13 April 2012). "Mommy porn?: Fifty Shades of Grey by EL James: review". The Daily Telegraph (London).
27.Jump up ^ Sorich, Sonya (11 April 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey: The undressed review". Ledger-Enquirer.
28.Jump up ^ Sheehy, Christine (13 April 2012). "The 'mommy porn' seducing women". The New Zealand Herald.
29.Jump up ^ Osterheldt, Jenee (26 March 2012). "Book Review – Fifty Shades of Grey: Sultry subject spells success". The Columbus Dispatch.
30.Jump up ^ Napier, Jessica (16 April 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey as dull as a razor blade commercial". Metro News Canada.
31.Jump up ^ Reaves, Jessica (14 April 2012). "Fifty shades of retrograde". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
32.Jump up ^ Flood, Alison (5 December 2012). "EL James comes out on top at National Book awards". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 5 December 2012.
33.Jump up ^ Flood, Alison (26 December 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey voted the most popular book of 2012". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 26 December 2012.
34.Jump up ^ Driscoll, Molly (3 December 2012). "E L James as 'Publishing Person of the Year' draws outcry from literary world". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
35.Jump up ^ [1] 50 Shades of Hay at Amazon
36.^ Jump up to: a b "Fifty Shades: Exploring the Sexual Revolution". Newsweek Special Issue / Topix Media Lab Special #13 (New York, NY: Topix Media Lab): Page 13. 2015.
37.Jump up ^ Deahl, Rachel (13 January 2012). "E.L. James and the Case of Fan Fiction". Publishers Weekly. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
38.Jump up ^ "The 100 Most Influential People in the World: 2012". Time. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
39.Jump up ^ Lawson, Richard (18 April 2012). "Five Things Wrong with This Year's 'Time 100'". The Atlantic Wire.
40.Jump up ^ Gardner, Eriq (4 March 2013). "'Fifty Shades' Porn Parody Countersuit Claims Books Are In Public Domain (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter.
41.Jump up ^ Romano, Aja (12 March 2013). ""Fifty Shades" porn parody lost its lawsuit, but everyone wins". Daily Dot.
42.Jump up ^ Velvet, Lady. (2015-02-14) 'Fifty Shades of Grey': A Dominatrix's View (Guest Column). Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved on 2015-02-27.
43.Jump up ^ 'Fifty Shades Of Grey' Isn't A Movie About BDSM, And That's A Problem. Huffingtonpost.com (2015-02-16). Retrieved on 2015-02-27.
44.Jump up ^ Fifty Shades of Grey is an ‘assault on marriage’, say bishops. CatholicHerald.co.uk (2015-02-12). Retrieved on 2015-02-27.
45.Jump up ^ Bishop: Seeing '50 Shades of Grey' is a sin. Azcentral.com (2015-02-13). Retrieved on 2015-02-27.
46.Jump up ^ Bonomi AE, Altenburger LE, Walton NL; Altenburger; Walton (September 2013). ""Double crap!" abuse and harmed identity in Fifty Shades of Grey". J Womens Health (Larchmt) 22 (9): 733–44. doi:10.1089/jwh.2013.4344. PMID 23931257.
47.Jump up ^ Bonomi AE, Nemeth JM, Altenburger LE, Anderson ML, Snyder A, Dotto I; Nemeth; Altenburger; Anderson; Snyder; Dotto (August 2014). "Fiction or Not? Fifty Shades is Associated with Health Risks in Adolescent and Young Adult Females". J Womens Health (Larchmt) 23 (9): 720–8. doi:10.1089/jwh.2014.4782. PMID 25144515.
48.Jump up ^ "Reading 'Fifty Shades' linked to unhealthy behaviors". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 22 August 2014.
49.Jump up ^ Logan Levkoff on The Today Show – Fifty Shades of Grey on YouTube
50.Jump up ^ "Dr. Drew: 50 Shades of Grey pathological, poorly written". WTOP-FM. 22 May 2012.
51.^ Jump up to: a b Schwartz, Meredith (11 May 2012). "Florida County Pulls Fifty Shades of Grey From Shelves". Library Journal.
52.Jump up ^ Clarke, Suzan (30 May 2012). "Florida County Library Lifts Ban on 50 Shades of Grey". ABC News.
53.Jump up ^ "BRAZIL JUDGE ORDERS '50 SHADES OF GREY' SEALED". Associated Press. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
54.Jump up ^ "Brazil judge orders '50 Shades of Grey' removed". USA Today. 18 January 2013. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
55.Jump up ^ "Brazilian bondage browsers tied down by court order". Global Legal Post. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
56.Jump up ^ Fleming, Mike (26 March 2012). "Universal Pictures and Focus Features win Fifty Shades of Grey". Deadline.com. PMC. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
57.Jump up ^ Miller, Julie (10 July 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey Film Gets Oscar-Nominated Producers, Christian Grey–Casting Inspiration". Vanity Fair (online). Retrieved 12 August 2013.
58.Jump up ^ Fleming, Mike (26 March 2012). "Universal Pictures and Focus Features win Fifty Shades of Grey". Deadline.com. PMC. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
59.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades Of Grey Movie Casts Dakota Johnson In a Lead Role". EntertainmentWise (Yahoo! UK). Retrieved 3 September 2013.
60.Jump up ^ Rice, Lynette (2 September 2013). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' casts Dakota Johnson and Charlie Hunnam". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 3 September 2013.
61.Jump up ^ "Charlie Hunnam: Quitting Fifty Shades of Grey Was "Heartbreaking" - Us Weekly". usmagazine.com. 21 July 2014. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
62.Jump up ^ Kroll, Justin (23 October 2013). "Jamie Dornan Will Play Christian Grey in ‘Fifty Shades of Grey’". Variety. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
63.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
64.Jump up ^ James, E L (12 January 2015). "Movie Tie-in Edition Now Available & Soundtrack Coming Soon!". Retrieved 12 January 2015.
65.Jump up ^ Kozak, Oktay Ege (12 January 2015). "'Fifty Shades Of Grey' Soundtrack Features Beyoncé, The Rolling Stones, Frank Sinatra, Sia, And More". Indie Wire. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
66.Jump up ^ Zuckerman, Esther (24 December 2014). "Hear The Weeknd's 'Earned It' from 'Fifty Shades of Grey'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
67.Jump up ^ Strecker, Erin (7 January 2015). "Listen To Ellie Goulding's Sexy New Song From 'Fifty Shades of Grey' Soundtrack". Billboard. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
68.Jump up ^ Artists, Various (27 January 2015). "Fifty Shades of Grey (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)". Apple. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
69.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey Classical Album Coming in August", Billboard.com, 7 August 2012
70.Jump up ^ "Billboard Charts Top 5 Classical Music Albums". Classicalite. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
71.Jump up ^ Goodstein, Jack (15 September 2012). "Music Review: Fifty Shades of Grey: The Classical Album". Seattle PI. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
72.Jump up ^ "18 things you don't know about Fifty Shades of Grey: The Parody Books Keep Coming". CBS News. February 17, 2015.
73.Jump up ^ Rachel Kramer Bussel (April 22, 2015). "In the wake of 50 Shades of Grey, what’s even better than sex? Ridiculous sex". Salon.com.
74.Jump up ^ Merkin, Fanny; Shaffer, Andrew (2012). Fifty Shames of Earl Grey: A Parody. ISBN 0306821990.
75.Jump up ^ Jamesbergstein, E.L. (2013). Fifty Shades of Oy Vey: A Parody.
76.Jump up ^ Edwards, Peter (17 December 2013). "Business students steam up spreadsheets with ‘Fifty Shades of Grey’ treatment". The Star (Toronto).
77.Jump up ^ e.g. http://fiftyshadesmeme.com
78.Jump up ^ Cuff Me: The Fifty Shades of Grey Musical Parody, http://www.broadway.com/shows/cuff-me-fifty-shades-grey-musical-parody/
External links
Official author page


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Fifty Shades Darker

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Fifty Shades Darker
Fifty Shades Darker book cover.jpg
2012 paperback cover
 
Author
E. L. James
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English
Series
Fifty Shades Trilogy
Genre
Erotic romance
Published
17 April 2012 (Vintage Books)
Media type
Print (Hardcover, Paperback)
Pages
544
ISBN
978-0-34580349-8
Preceded by
Fifty Shades of Grey
Followed by
Fifty Shades Freed
Fifty Shades Darker is a 2012 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James. It is the second installment in the Fifty Shades trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey. The first and third volumes, Fifty Shades of Grey and Fifty Shades Freed, were published in 2011 and 2012. The novel is published by Vintage Books and reached #1 on the USA Today best seller list.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Characters
3 Reception
4 Film adaptation
5 See also
6 References

Plot[edit]
Three days since leaving Christian, Anastasia "Ana" Steele has begun her job at Seattle Independent Publishing (SIP), where she has been hired as personal assistant to editor Jack Hyde. Ana gets an uneasy feeling about him as he continually asks her out, but writes it off. Christian emails her to see if she needs a ride to her friend Jose Rodriguez's gallery exhibit in Portland, which she had forgotten about until Christian emailed her. The pair attend the show together and reconcile their relationship by making out in an alley and visiting a restaurant together. Christian buys José's portraits of Ana for selfish reasons, one of which is to prevent random people from buying them and displaying them in their homes, and the second is for his own amusement.
Christian reveals to Ana that he has bought SIP, but the deal must stay secret for another month. Ana is furious that Christian is interfering in her career, especially after he freezes the company's accounts so that she cannot go on an overnight business trip to New York with Jack. Christian insists that it was for her own protection, because Jack is a "known philanderer", as he apparently harassed his last five assistants. Their suspicions about Jack prove correct when he corners Ana after hours and blackmails her, demanding sexual favors. Ana's self-defense training allows her to escape. Christian has Jack fired and confiscates his work computer.
While attending a masquerade ball at Dr. and Mr. Grey's residence, Ana meets Elena Lincoln (whom Ana nicknames Mrs. Robinson) for the first time and finds out that Elena and Christian own a salon business together. Later, Ana is auctioned off and Christian bids $100,000 for the first dance with her. Ana is disgusted that Christian continues to be friends with the woman who seduced him when he was only 15 years old. When Mrs. Robinson realizes that Christian sees Ana as a girlfriend and not a submissive, she becomes antagonistic towards Ana, trying to sow discord in the budding relationship.
Ana is being stalked at work by a disturbed Leila Williams, one of Christian's former submissives. Ana's fear intensifies when she discovers that Leila has a gun. It is revealed Leila's obsession began after her lover died in a car crash four months before, leading to a mental breakdown. Leila breaks into Ana's appartment and threatens her at gunpoint. Christian defuses the situation by utilizing their dominant/submissive dynamic, but this leaves Ana worried that Christian cannot be satisfied with a vanilla relationship. Ana confronts Christian about Leila. Fearing she is leaving him again, he impulsively proposes, but Ana needs time to consider it.
José drives to Seattle to visit Ana. Christian still views José as a romantic rival, and only permits Ana to see him if they both stay at Escala. On the night of José's visit (and the night before Christian's 28th birthday), Christian goes missing while flying from Portland to Seattle in his helicopter with Ros Bailey. He safely makes it back to Escala, and explains that both helicopter's engines failed; sabotage is suspected. Ana realizes she never wants to be without him and accepts his marriage proposal.
The next day, the Grey family throws Christian a large birthday party at their mansion. Kate worries about Ana after finding an email between Ana and Christian, discussing the BDSM Contract. Ana assures Kate that her relationship with Christian is a vanilla one. After Christian and Ana announce their engagement, Elena angrily confronts Ana, accusing her of being a "gold-digger", and claims a vanilla relationship will never satisfy Christian. Grace Grey, Christian's adoptive mother, overhears the argument and is furious that Elena preyed on her teenage son. Elena leaves in disgrace and Christian decides to end their business relationship.
Christian takes Ana to the boathouse, which is decorated with flowers and soft lights. He proposes properly with a ring and Ana accepts. Outside the Grey's mansion, Jack Hyde is secretly watching the party; he reveals that he sabotaged Christian's helicopter and swears revenge.
Characters[edit]
Christian Grey: 27-year-old incredibly successful, wealthy entrepreneur and CEO of Grey Enterprises Holdings, Inc.
Anastasia 'Ana' Steele: College graduate, PA to Jack Hyde and primary love interest of Christian Grey.
Elena Lincoln: Christian's longtime friend and business partner. She is described as a tall, elegant, sexy, regal platinum blonde and appears to be in her late 30s or early 40s.
Elliot Grey: Adoptive son of Carrick Grey and Dr. Grace Trevelyan-Grey, and elder brother to Christian Grey and Mia Grey.
Mia Grey: Adoptive daughter of Carrick Grey and Dr. Grace Trevelyan Grey and younger sister of Christian Grey and Elliot Grey.
Katherine 'Kate' Kavanagh: Ana's best friend and roommate.
Jack Hyde: Acquisitions Editor at Seattle Independent Publishing (SIP).
Leila Williams: A former submissive of Christian.
Jason Taylor: Christian's most trusted bodyguard and the head of Christian's security team.
Dr. Grace Trevelyan-Grey: Christian's adoptive mother.
Carrick Grey: Christian's adoptive father.
Carla May Wilks: Ana's mother.
Ethan Kavanagh: Kate Kavanagh's older brother.
José Rodriguez: Close friend of Ana.
Reception[edit]
The novel reached #2 on the USA Today best seller list[1] and is considered by The Guardian to be #11 on the Top 100 Bestselling Books of All Time.[2]
Film adaptation[edit]
In March 2014, the producer for the first film, Dana Brunetti, had said there were, as of then, no solid plans to make a sequel.[3] The first book of the series was adapted into a film by the same name and released on 13 February 2015. Before the first film premiered, there was still high anticipation from fans for the sequel to the film. After the first film premiered at a special fan screening in New York City on 6 February 2015, director Sam Taylor-Johnson confirmed two sequels to be succeeded after the first film, with Fifty Shades Darker to be released in 2016.[4] Principal photography will commence in June 2015 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.[5] In April 2015, at the Universal CinemaCon in Las Vegas, Universal announced the release dates of the film along with its sequel. The film is scheduled to be released on February 10, 2017.[6] The first still from the film was released on Friday, April 24, 2015, showing Jamie Dornan as Christian Grey in a black mask looking into a mirror.[7][8] In April 2015, Universal Pictures chairman Donna Langley told The Hollywood Reporter that the second instalment will be "more of a thriller".[9]
See also[edit]

Portal icon Novels portal
Portal icon Pornography portal
BDSM in culture and media
Sadism and masochism in fiction
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Crocker, Lizzie (4 May 2012). "Speed Read: 12 Naughty Bits From '50 Shades Darker'". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 30 June 2014.
2.Jump up ^ Rogers, Simon (9 August 2012). "The top 100 bestselling books of all time: how does Fifty Shades of Grey compare?". The Guardian (London). Datablog (blog). Retrieved 30 June 2014.
3.Jump up ^ Schumann, Rebecka (10 March 2014). "'Fifty Shades Darker' Movie Rumors: '50 Shades Of Grey' Producer Talks Possible Sequel". International Business Times. Retrieved 30 June 2014.
4.Jump up ^ Schumann, Rebecka (6 February 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' Sequels Confirmed; Fans React to 'Fifty Shades Darker' and 'Fifty Shades Freed' Movie Announcement". International Business Times. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
5.Jump up ^ Christine (13 February 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey 2' begins filming in Vancouver in June'". On Location Vacations. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
6.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock, Rebecca Ford (April 23, 2015). "CinemaCon: 'Fifty Shades of Grey' Sequel to Hit Theaters in 2017". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved April 24, 2015.
7.Jump up ^ THR staff (April 24, 2015). "'Fifty Shades Darker': Christian Grey Masks Up for First Still (Photo)". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved April 26, 2015.
8.Jump up ^ Jesse Spero (April 24, 2015). "'FIFTY SHADES DARKER': FIRST PHOTO OF CHRISTIAN GREY! (EXCLUSIVE)". Access Hollywood. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
9.Jump up ^ Austin Siegemund-Broka (April 29, 2015). "Universal's Donna Langley: 'Fifty Shades' Sequel Will Be "More of a Thriller"". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved April 30, 2015.


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 Christian Grey
 
 
Parody
Fifty Shames of Earl Grey ·
 Fifty Shades of Oy Vey ·
 Spank! The Fifty Shades Parody
 
 
Other
Fan fiction ·
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Fifty Shades of Grey (film)

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Jump to: navigation, search


Fifty Shades of Grey
Fifty-Gray-poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster
 
Directed by
Sam Taylor-Johnson
Produced by
Michael De Luca
Dana Brunetti
E. L. James
 
Screenplay by
Kelly Marcel
Based on
Fifty Shades of Grey
 by E. L. James
Starring
Dakota Johnson
Jamie Dornan
Jennifer Ehle
Marcia Gay Harden
 
Music by
Danny Elfman
Cinematography
Seamus McGarvey
Edited by
Anne V. Coates
Lisa Gunning
Debra Neil-Fisher
 

Production
 companies
 
Focus Features
Michael De Luca Productions
Trigger Street Productions
 
Distributed by
Universal Pictures

Release dates

February 11, 2015 (Berlin)
February 13, 2015 (United Kingdom)
 

Running time
 125 minutes[1]
Country
United Kingdom
United States
Language
English
Budget
$40 million[2]
Box office
$569.5 million[2]
Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2015 British-American erotic film directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson with a screenplay by Kelly Marcel, based on the novel of the same name by British author E. L. James. It stars Dakota Johnson as Anastasia Steele, a college graduate who begins a sadomasochistic relationship with young business magnate Christian Grey (Jamie Dornan).
The film premiered at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival on February 11, 2015, and had a wide theatrical release on February 13, 2015, by Universal Pictures.[3][4] Despite poor reviews, it was an immediate box office success, breaking numerous box office records and earning over $569 million worldwide. It is currently the second highest-grossing film of 2015.
Its sequels, Fifty Shades Darker and Fifty Shades Freed, are scheduled to be released on February 10, 2017, and February 9, 2018 respectively.


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production 3.1 Direction
3.2 Casting
3.3 Filming
4 Music
5 Release 5.1 Marketing
5.2 Rating and censorship
5.3 Opposition campaign
5.4 Home media
6 Reception 6.1 Box office 6.1.1 United States and Canada
6.1.2 Other territories
6.2 Critical response
7 Pornographic adaptation lawsuit
8 Sequels
9 See also
10 Notes
11 References
12 External links

Plot[edit]
21-year-old Anastasia "Ana" Steele is a literature student at Washington State University's satellite campus near Vancouver, Washington. When her roommate, Kate Kavanagh, becomes ill and is unable to interview wealthy entrepreneur 27-year-old Christian Grey at his company headquarters in Seattle for the college newspaper, Ana agrees to go in her place. Christian is interested in her, and soon after visits the hardware store where Ana works. He agrees to Ana's request for a photoshoot to accompany the article.
After the photoshoot, Christian invites Ana to have coffee, but leaves abruptly, confusing her. For her graduation, Christian sends Ana first edition copies of Tess of the d'Urbervilles. Ana celebrates with friends, and, after drinking too much, spontaneously calls Christian. Concerned, he goes to the bar to find Ana, who passes out. She wakes up the next morning in Christian's hotel room and is relieved when he says that they did not become familiar.
Ana and Christian begin seeing each other. After she signs a non-disclosure agreement that prevents her from revealing anything about their alliance, Christian tells her he only has interrelations involving bondage. Ana reveals that she is a virgin. While she is considering the agreement and negotiating her terms, she and Christian begin a sexual relationship that includes some of the objectionable practices Christian desires.
Christian showers Ana with gifts and favors, such as a new car and laptop. After moving to Seattle with Kate, Ana becomes closer to Christian. One night, she accompanies Christian to his parents' house. During dinner, Ana mentions she is leaving the next day to visit her mother in Georgia. Christian is infuriated as Ana had expressed she wants romance rather than the one-sided relationship Christian is suggesting. She is shocked when Christian unexpectedly arrives in Georgia while she is visiting her mother. Christian leaves soon after to tend to an emergency in Seattle.
After returning home, Ana continues seeing Christian, who is still interested in further BDSM experimentation. Ana initially consents and participates willingly. Christian, however, keeps Ana emotionally distant, upsetting her. While still considering the contract, and in an effort to understand Christian psychologically, Ana asks Christian to demonstrate how he would "punish" her for rule breaking. Christian whips Ana's backside six times with a belt, making her count each time he strikes her. She is upset and finds it far from her romantic expectations. Ana concludes that Christian is wrong for her and that his practices border on being deviant and excessive and leaves.
In a post-credits scene, Ana while reading a book in her apartment gets an unexpected visit from Leila Williams, a former submissive of Christian, while holding a gun.[5]
Cast[edit]









Jamie Dornan and Dakota Johnson.
Dakota Johnson as Anastasia "Ana" Steele
Jamie Dornan as Christian Grey
Eloise Mumford as Katherine "Kate" Kavanagh,[6] Anastasia's best friend and roommate
Jennifer Ehle as Carla Wilks,[7] Anastasia's mother
Marcia Gay Harden as Grace Trevelyan Grey,[8] Christian's adoptive mother
Victor Rasuk as Jose Rodriguez,[9] one of Anastasia's close friends
Luke Grimes as Elliot Grey,[10] Christian's adopted brother
Rita Ora as Mia Grey,[11] Christian's adopted sister
Max Martini as Jason Taylor,[12] Christian's bodyguard and head of his security
Callum Keith Rennie as Ray Steele [13]
Andrew Airlie as Carrick Grey, Christian's adoptive father
Dylan Neal as Bob Adams,[14] Anastasia's step-father
Anthony Konechny as Paul Clayton, the brother of the owner of Clayton's Hardware Store
Emily Fonda as Martina
Rachel Skarsten as Andrea,[15] Christian's assistant
Production[edit]
By early 2013, several Hollywood studios were keen to obtain film rights to the New York Times bestselling Fifty Shades trilogy of novels.[16] Warner Bros., Sony, Paramount, Universal and Mark Wahlberg's production company put in bids for the film rights.[17][18] Universal Pictures and Focus Features secured the rights to the trilogy in March 2013.[4] Author James sought to retain some control during the movie's creative process.[19] James chose The Social Network producers Michael De Luca and Dana Brunetti to produce the film.[3][20] Although American Psycho writer Bret Easton Ellis publicly expressed his desire to write the screenplay for the film,[21] Kelly Marcel, screenwriter of Saving Mr. Banks, was hired for the job.[22] Patrick Marber was brought in by Taylor-Wood to polish the screenplay, specifically to do some “character work”.[23] Universal hired Mark Bomback for script doctoring.[24] Mark Bridges served as the costume designer.[25] Entertainment Weekly estimated the film's budget as "$40 million-or-so".[26]
Direction[edit]
By May 9, 2013, the studio was considering Joe Wright to direct,[27] but this proved unworkable due to Wright's schedule.[28] Other directors who had been under consideration included Patty Jenkins, Bill Condon, Bennett Miller, and Steven Soderbergh.[29] In June 2013, E. L. James announced Sam Taylor-Johnson would direct the film adaptation.[30]
9½ Weeks, Last Tango in Paris and Blue Is the Warmest Color were all cited as inspirations for the film by Taylor-Johnson.[31]
Casting[edit]
Bret Easton Ellis stated that Robert Pattinson had been James' first choice for the role of Christian Grey,[32] but James felt that casting Pattinson and Kristen Stewart in the film would be "weird".[33] Ian Somerhalder and Chace Crawford both expressed interest in the role of Christian.[34][35] Somerhalder later admitted if he had been considered, the filming process would ultimately have conflicted with his shooting schedule for The CW's series The Vampire Diaries.[36] On September 2, 2013, James revealed that Charlie Hunnam and Dakota Johnson had been cast as Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele, respectively.[37] The short list of other actresses considered for the role of Anastasia included Alicia Vikander, Imogen Poots, Elizabeth Olsen, Shailene Woodley, and Felicity Jones.[38] Keeley Hazell auditioned for an unspecified role.[39] Lucy Hale also auditioned for the film.[40] Taylor-Johnson would give every actress who auditioned for Anastasia's role to read four pages of a monologue from Ingmar Bergman's Persona.[31]
The studio originally wanted Ryan Gosling for Christian, but he was not interested in the role.[38] Garrett Hedlund was also considered, but he could not connect with the character.[38] Stephen Amell said he would not have wanted to play the role of Grey because "I actually didn't find him to be that interesting... nothing about Christian Grey really spoke to me."[41] Hunnam initially turned down the role of Christian but later reconsidered it following a meeting with studio heads.[42] Hunnam said of the audition process: "I felt really intrigued and excited about it so I went and read the first book to get a clearer idea of who this character was, and I felt even more excited at the prospect of bringing him to life. We [Taylor-Johnson and I] kind of both suggested I do a reading with Dakota, who was her favorite, and as soon as we got in the room and I started reading with Dakota I knew that I definitely wanted to do it. There's just like a tangible chemistry between us. It felt exciting and fun and weird and compelling."[43] In response to the negative fan reaction the casting drew, producer Dana Brunetti said: "There is a lot that goes into casting that isn't just looks. Talent, availability, their desire to do it, chemistry with other actor, etc. So if your favorite wasn't cast, then it is most likely due to something on that list. Keep that in mind while hating and keep perspective."[44]
During October 2013, actress Jennifer Ehle was in talks for the role of Anastasia's mother Carla.[7] On October 12, 2013, Universal Pictures announced that Hunnam had exited the film due to conflicts with the schedule of his FX series Sons of Anarchy.[45] Alexander Skarsgård, Jamie Dornan, Theo James, François Arnaud, Scott Eastwood, Luke Bracey, and Billy Magnussen were at the top of the list to replace Hunnam as Christian Grey.[46][47] Finally, on October 23, 2013, Dornan was cast as Christian Grey.[48] On October 31, 2013, Victor Rasuk was cast as José Rodriguez, Jr.[9] On November 22, 2013, Eloise Mumford was cast as Kate Kavanagh.[6] On December 2, 2013, singer Rita Ora was cast as Christian's younger sister Mia.[49] Ora originally wanted to work on the soundtrack.[50] On December 3, 2013, Marcia Gay Harden was cast as Christian's mother, Grace.[8]
Filming[edit]
In September, filming was scheduled to start on November 5, 2013 in Vancouver, British Columbia.[51] The following month, producer Michael De Luca announced filming would begin on November 13, 2013.[52]
Principal photography was again delayed and eventually started on December 1, 2013.[53] Scenes were filmed in the Gastown district of Vancouver.[54] Bentall 5 was used as the Grey Enterprises building.[55][56]
The University of British Columbia serves as Washington State University Vancouver, from which Ana graduates.[57] The Fairmont Hotel Vancouver was used as the Heathman Hotel.[58][59]
The film was also shot at the North Shore Studios.[60] The production officially ended on February 21, 2014.[61] Reshoots involving scenes between Dornan and Johnson took place in Vancouver during the week of October 13, 2014.[62]
Music[edit]
Main article: Fifty Shades of Grey (soundtrack)
James said that the film's soundtrack would be released on February 10, 2015.[63][64] The first single, "Earned It", by The Weeknd, was released on December 24, 2014.[65] On January 7, 2015, the second single, "Love Me like You Do" by Ellie Goulding was released, later reaching the top three on the Billboard Hot 100, and becoming a hit for the soundtrack.[66] A promotional single, "Salted Wound" by Australian recording artist Sia, was released on January 27, 2015.[67] To date, the soundtrack has sold 516,000 copies in the United States.[68]
Release[edit]

 

 Jamie Dornan at the world premiere of Fifty Shades of Grey, Berlinale 2015
In February 2013, Universal chairman Adam Fogelson said the film "could be ready to release ... as early as next summer."[69] The studio initially announced an August 1, 2014 release.[70] However, in November 2013, it was pushed back to February 13, 2015, in time for Valentine's Day.[71] Fifty Shades of Grey was first screened at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival on February 11, 2015.[72] The film was released in 75 IMAX screens across the US on February 13, 2015.[73][74]
Marketing[edit]
On January 25, 2014, more than a year prior to release, Universal displayed posters with the phrase, "Mr. Grey will see you now", in five locations across the United States.[75] On February 14, 2014, the first photograph of Johnson as Anastasia was released.[76] On June 18, 2014, the film's official Twitter account released the first still of Dornan as Christian in honor of Christian's birthday.[77]
On July 9, 2014, the book's author, E. L. James, said on Twitter that the film's trailer would be released on July 24, 2014.[78] Beyoncé debuted a teaser for the trailer on her Instagram account five days before the trailer's release.[79] On July 24, Dornan and Johnson were on The Today Show to present part of the trailer appropriate for morning television; the full trailer, which contained more racy scenes, was released later the same day on the internet (200 days before its initial theatrical release). The trailer featured a new version of "Crazy in Love" by Beyoncé which was scored and arranged by her frequent collaborator Boots.[80][81][82][83] The trailer was viewed 36.4 million times in the week after its July 24 release. This made it the most viewed trailer on YouTube in 2014, until it was surpassed in October by the trailer for Avengers: Age of Ultron.[84] However, in mid-December the trailer reached 93 million views and was again the most viewed of 2014.[85] The trailer accumulated over 100 million views in its first week of release through different channels and websites, becoming the biggest trailer ever released in history.[86] By February 2015, the trailer had been viewed more than 193 million times on YouTube alone.[87] And by late February, Fifty Shades of Grey related material garnered over 329 million views including 113 million views for its official trailer.[83] A second trailer was released on November 13, 2014.[88] A third trailer aired during Super Bowl XLIX on February 1, 2015.[89]
The film was promoted through an ad campaign that asked people whether they were "curious".[90] Nick Carpou, Universal’s president of domestic distribution said: "Our campaign gave people permission to see the film."[91] "Valentines is a big deal for couples and a great relationship event, and the date with the long Presidents Day weekend created a perfect storm for us. This date positioned us to take full advantage of the romance angle, which is how we sold the film in our marketing campaign," he said.[92]
Rating and censorship[edit]
There was initial speculation that the film could receive NC-17 rating in the United States. Studios typically steer away from the adults-only rating due to the impact the classification has on a film's commercial viability, with some theater chains refusing to exhibit NC-17 rated films. While screenwriter Marcel said she expected the film to be NC-17 rated,[93] producer De Luca anticipated the less restrictive R rating.[94] On January 5, 2015, the MPAA did give the film an R rating, basing its decision on "strong sexual content including dialogue, some unusual behavior and graphic nudity, and language."[95]
On January 30, in Australia, the film was rated MA15+ by the ACB for "strong sex scenes, sexual themes and nudity".[96] On February 2, 2015, the British BBFC classified the film an 18 certificate, mentioning "strong sex".[1] In Canada, Ontario, Manitoba, Alberta, and British Columbia, the film was rated at 18A by the OFRB, MFCB, AFR, and BCFCO respectively due to its "occasional upsetting or disturbing scenes, and partial or full nudity in a brief sexual situation."[97][98] In Quebec, the Régie du cinéma rated the movie under the 16+ category for its eroticism.[99] In France, the film earned a 12 rating.[100] In Lebanon, the film earned an NC-21 rating.[101] In Argentina, the Advisory Commission of Cinematographic Exhibition (the rating arm of the INCAA) rated the film SAM16/R.[102]
Anti-pornography watchdog group Morality in Media argued that the film's R rating "severely undermines the violent themes in the film and does not adequately inform parents and patrons of the film’s content", and that the MPAA was encouraging sexual violence by letting the film by without an NC-17 rating.[103][104]
The film was scheduled for a February 12, 2015, release in Malaysia, but it was denied a certificate by the Malaysian Film Censorship Board (LPF) for its "unnatural" and "sadistic" content. The LPF chairman, Abdul Halim Abdul Hamid, said Fifty Shades was "more pornography than a movie."[105][106] The film was also banned in Indonesia,[107] Kenya,[107] Russia's North Caucasus,[108] the United Arab Emirates (UAE),[109] Papua New Guinea,[110] Cambodia,[111] and India.[112] The film was released in Nigeria for a week, before being removed from cinemas by the National Film and Video Censors Board (NFVCB).[113] Studios will not pursue a theatrical release in China.[107]
The film's sex scenes were censored after protests from various religious groups in the Philippines, and as a result it is in limited release in that country with an R-18 rating from the MTRCB.[106] A similarly cut version was released in Zimbabwe.[114]
Roughly twenty minutes were cut from the film for screening in Vietnam, leaving no sex scenes. The scene in which Ana is beaten with a belt is skipped entirely.[115]
Opposition campaign[edit]
On January 28, 2015, a campaign in the United States by the National Center on Sexual Exploitation started two petitions to boycott the film's release. Their website makes more than 50 allegations that the film has a negative impact on the community. It said, "Hollywood is advertising the Fifty Shades story as an erotic love affair, but it is really about sexual abuse and violence against women. The porn industry has poised men and women to receive the message that sexual violence is enjoyable. Fifty Shades models this porn message and Hollywood cashes the check."[116] By February 7, one of the petitions had garnered more than 53,000 signatures.[117]
On February 2, in Michigan, a man petitioned to halt the film's release at a local Celebration! Cinema. Despite the man's efforts, the president of the cinemas declined to cancel the release of the film. He said, "We've been in business for 70 years and people often times object to content, and it's not our job to censor the content of a widespread movie. It's not in our best interest. It's not in the community's best interest." The film sold 3,000 tickets before the release and was expected to sell a total of 10,000 tickets.[118][119]
The American Family Association called for theaters not to show the film.

“The irony is not lost that the film’s main character is named, ‘Christian,’ while this film presents anything but a ‘Christian’ view of intimacy. The idea that anyone would think this film is in any way appropriate demonstrates an incredibly unhealthy view of relationships and sexuality. A more apt title for the movie would be ‘Fifty Shades of Evil.’ Without question, this film will have a corrosive effect on cultural views of what normative sexuality ought to be. Healthy relationships seek to safeguard the emotional and physical well-being of another; this film promotes inflicting emotional, physical and psychological harm on another for the sole purpose of self-serving sexual gratification. It is the epitome of elevating abuse, and we call on all theaters to reject promoting such abuse on their screens.”
—Tim Wildmon, American Family Association President[120]
Home media[edit]
Fifty Shades of Grey is scheduled to be released via DVD and Blu-ray on May 8, 2015. The Blu-ray and DVD edition will feature an unrated cut of the film.[121]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
As of February 14, 2015, Fifty Shades of Grey had grossed $165,828,355 in North America and $401,958,575 in other territories for a worldwide total of $567,786,930, against a budget of $40 million.[2] It is the second highest-grossing film of 2015 worldwide,[122] the third highest-grossing film directed by a woman (behind Kung Fu Panda 2 and Mamma Mia!),[123] and the fourth highest-grossing R-rated film of all time.[124]
Tickets went on sale in the United States from January 11, 2015.[87] According to ticket-selling site Fandango, Fifty Shades of Grey is the fastest selling R-rated title in the site's 15-year history, surpassing Sex and the City 2.[125] It also had the biggest first week of ticket sales on Fandango for a non-sequel film, surpassing 2012's The Hunger Games.[125][126] It is fourth overall on Fandango's list of top advance ticket sales behind The Twilight Saga: New Moon, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 and The Hunger Games.[127] The demand prompted US theatre owners to add new showtimes.[125][128] Weeks before the film's release, several box office analysts suggested as much as a $60 million domestic four day opening[87][129][130][131][132] while Box Office Mojo reported that a $100 million opening could be possible.[133]
Outside the United States, Fifty Shades of Grey pre-sold 4.5 million tickets in 39 markets.[134] In the UK, it sold £1.3 million ($1.9 million) worth of tickets a week before release.[135] On release, it set several records at the box office, including:

Box office record
Record details
Previous Record Holder
Previous Record Holder details
Ref(s)

February opening weekend $85,171,450 The Passion of the Christ (2004, $83.8 million) [136]
President's Day 4-Day opening weekend for any film $93,010,350 Valentine's Day (2010, $63.1 million) [137]
President's Day 4-Day weekend for any film $93,010,350 Valentine's Day (2010, $63.1 million) [137]
Widest R-rated opening 3,646 theaters The Hangover Part II (2011, 3,615 theaters) [138]
Valentine's Day gross $36.7 million Valentine's Day (2010, $23.4 million) [139][140]
Opening weekend for a female directed film $85.1 million Twilight (2008, $69.6 million) [141]
Overseas opening weekend for an R-rated film $156 million The Matrix Revolutions (2003, $117 million) [142]
Highest-grossing Universal's R-rated film overseas $385.1 million Ted (2012, $330 million) [143]

United States and Canada[edit]
In the U.S. and Canada, it is the highest-grossing sex film,[144] the second highest-grossing film of 2015,[145] and the fourth highest-grossing romantic film of all time.[146] It opened in the U.S. and Canada simultaneously with Kingsman: The Secret Service on Thursday, February 12, 2015, across 2,830 theaters[147][148] and was widened to 3,646 theaters the next day making it the widest R-rated opening,[149] and the third widest R-rated release of all time.[150] It earned $8.6 million from Thursday night shows which is the highest late-night gross for a film released in February and the second-highest for an R-rated film (behind The Hangover Part II).[147] The film topped the box office on its opening day grossing $30.2 million (including Thursday previews) from 3,646 theaters setting a record for highest February opening day (previously held by The Passion of the Christ) and fourth highest overall among R-rated films.[151][152] During its traditional three day opening the film opened at No. 1 at the box office earning $85.1 million, setting records for the biggest opening weekend for a film released in February (a record previously held by The Passion of the Christ).[140] Women comprised 82% of the total audiences during its opening day,[153] and 68% on Valentine's Day.[154]
Revenue from the second weekend dropped massively by 74% to $22.26 million, which is the second-biggest drop for a 3,000+ screen release (behind Friday the 13th) and the biggest for a 3,500+ screen release.[155][156] It is just the eighth film to open on more than 3,000 screens to drop by 70% or more.[157] The film topped the box office for two consecutive weekends before falling to No. 4 in its third weekend while Focus took the top spot.[158][159]
Other territories[edit]
Outside the U.S. and Canada, box office analysts were predicting as much as $158 million opening.[160][161][162] It opened Wednesday, February 11, 2015, in 4 countries, earning $3.7 million.[163] It opened in 34 more countries on February 12, earning $28.6 million in two days.[164] The film set opening day records for Universal Pictures in 25 markets and opening day records for an R-rated film in 34 territories.[161][162] Through Sunday, February 15, it earned an opening-weekend total of $156 million from 58 countries where it opened at No. 1 in 54 of the 58 countries, marking the biggest overseas opening for an R-rated film, the third-biggest of 2015, and Universal's third-biggest overseas opening weekend ever.[142] The film set an all time opening record in 13 markets, Universal's biggest opening weekend ever in 30 markets and biggest opening for any R-rated film in 31 markets.[142]
The biggest opener outside of the United States was witnessed in the UK, Ireland and Malta, where it earned £13.55 million ($20.8 million) in its opening weekend, which is the biggest debut ever for an 18-rated film and the second biggest for a non-sequel film (behind I Am Legend).[165][166] In just 10 days of release it became the highest-grossing 18-rated film of all time.[167] It topped the UK box office for two consecutive weekends.[168] Other high openings include Germany ($14.1 million), France ($12.3 million), Russia ($11 million), Italy ($10.1 million), Spain ($8.7 million), Brazil ($8.3 million), Mexico ($8.1 million), Australia ($8 million).[142] In Japan, the film was unsuccessful opening at No. 5 with $682,000 but falling out of the top 10 the following week.[169][170] The Hollywood Reporter cited out possible reasons for the film's failure, attributing it to the "delayed release of the new Japanese-language editions of the books, poor timing for the film release and an R-15, re-edit blurring out parts of the sex scenes."[171]
It topped the box office outside of North America for three consecutive weekends[172] until it was overtaken by Warner Bros.' Jupiter Ascending in its fourth weekend.[173] It became Universal Pictures' highest-grossing R-rated film of all time overseas (breaking Ted‍ '​s record),[143] Universal Pictures' highest-grossing film in 14 countries,[nb 1] and Universal Pictures' seventh highest-grossing film overseas (behind Jurassic Park, Despicable Me 2, Furious 7, Fast & Furious 6, Mamma Mia! and Fast Five).[174]
Critical response[edit]
The review aggregator website Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating, gave the film a score of 46 out of 100, based on 46 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[175] On Rotten Tomatoes, another review aggregator, the film currently holds a 25% "rotten" rating, based on 208 reviews, with a rating average of 4.2/10. The site's consensus reads, "While creatively better endowed than its print counterpart, Fifty Shades of Grey is a less than satisfying experience on the screen."[176] In CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend, cinema audiences gave the film an average grade of C+ on an A+ to F scale.[177]
Claudia Puig of USA Today wrote that "the dialogue is laughable, the pacing is sluggish and the performances are one-note."[178] Moira Macdonald of The Seattle Times wrote that "Fifty Shades of Grey the movie, for the record, is not quite as bad as Fifty Shades of Grey the book. But that’s not saying much."[179] We Got This Covered critic Isaac Feldberg gave the film one and a half stars out of five and wrote that it "feels like two, distinct films grappling for dominance over the screen: one a sensual and stylish romance, and the other a numbingly explicit Harlequin bodice-ripper brought to life. Regrettably, the latter and lesser of the two ends up on top.".[180]The Guardian lead film critic Peter Bradshaw gave the film one star out of five, calling it "the most purely tasteful and softcore depiction of sadomasochism in cinema history" with "strictly daytime soap" performances.[181] A.O.Scott of New York Times called the movie "terrible", but wrote that "it might nonetheless be a movie that feels good to see, whether you squirm or giggle or roll your eyes or just sit still and take your punishment."[182]
In a positive review for The Daily Telegraph, Robbie Collin called the film "sexy, funny and self-aware in every way the original book isn’t."[183] Elizabeth Weitzman of New York Daily News praised the directing, screenplay, and Johnson's performance, but called Dornan's performance, the leads' chemistry, and the supporting cast "underused". She praised the film for honoring the essence of its source and the director's way of balancing "atmosphere with action".[184] In The Guardian, Jordan Hoffmann awarded the film three out of five stars, writing "this big screen adaptation still manages to be about people, and even a little bit sweet", and that the sex scenes "are there to advance the plot, and only the most buttoned-up prude will be scandalised."[185] Lisa Schwarzbaum of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a B-, writing: "This perfectly normal way of consuming erotica suggests that the movie Fifty Shades of Grey will work better as home entertainment, when each viewer can race past the blah-blah about how well Christian plays the piano and pause on the fleeting image of the man minus his pants."[186]
Various critics have noted the similarities between Fifty Shades of Grey and Adrian Lyne's 9½ Weeks (1986).[187][188][189] Both films centre around a sadomasochistic affair and both are coincidentally literary adaptations.[190][191]
Pornographic adaptation lawsuit[edit]
In June 2012, pornographic film company Smash Pictures announced its intent to film a pornographic version of the Fifty Shades trilogy entitled Fifty Shades of Grey: A XXX Adaptation.[192] A release date of January 10, 2013 was announced.[193] In November 2012, Universal, which had secured the Fifty Shades film rights, filed a lawsuit against Smash Pictures, stating that the film violated its copyright in that it was not filmed as a parody adaptation but "copies without reservation from the unique expressive elements of the Fifty Shades trilogy, progressing through the events of Fifty Shades of Grey and into the second book, Fifty Shades Darker".[194]
The lawsuit asked for an injunction, for the profits from all sales of the film, as well as damages,[195] saying that "a quickly and cheaply produced pornographic work that is likely to cause Plaintiffs irreparable harm by poisoning public perception of the Fifty Shades Trilogy and the forthcoming Universal films."[196] Smash Pictures responded to the lawsuit by issuing a counterclaim and requesting a continuance, stating that "much or all" of the Fifty Shades material was part of the public domain because it was originally published in various venues as a fan fiction based on the Twilight series. A lawyer for Smash Pictures further commented that the federal copyright registrations for the books were "invalid and unenforceable" and that the film "did not violate copyright or trademark laws".[197] The lawsuit was eventually settled out of court for an undisclosed sum and Smash Pictures agreed to stop any further production or promotion of the film.[198]
Sequels[edit]
In April 2015, The Hollywood Reporter reported that E. L. James' husband, Niall Leonard was enlisted to write the script for the film's sequel.[199] In the same month, at the 2015 Universal CinemaCon in Las Vegas, Universal announced the release dates of the sequels, with Fifty Shades Darker scheduled to be released on February 10, 2017 and Fifty Shades Freed on February 9, 2018.[200] However, the sequels will not see Sam Taylor-Johnson returning as director.[201]
See also[edit]

Portal icon Film portal
9½ Weeks (1986)
Wild Orchid (1989)
Sex in film
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ It is Universal Pictures' highest-grossing film of all time in Brazil, Denmark, Italy, Poland, Venezuela, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Paraguay, Romania, Serbia/Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine.[174]
References[edit]
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72.Jump up ^ Barraclough, Leo (December 22, 2014). "‘Fifty Shades of Grey’ to Make International Debut at Berlin Film Festival". Variety. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
73.Jump up ^ Nolan Feenay (February 9, 2015). "Fifty Shades of Grey IMAX Screenings Prove That Size Really Does Matter". TIME. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
74.Jump up ^ Dave McNary (February 9, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades of Grey’ Set for 75 Imax Screens". Variety. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
75.Jump up ^ Sperling, Nicole (January 24, 2014). "Exclusive new 'Fifty Shades' image: A billboard-size Christian Grey". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 25, 2014.
76.Jump up ^ Fahy, Colette (February 14, 2014). "Dakota Johnson seen in her first official Fifty Shades of Grey movie pictures | Mail Online". Dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
77.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
78.Jump up ^ "E L James on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
79.Jump up ^ "Instagram". Instagram. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
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85.Jump up ^ Andy Lewis (December 17, 2014). "The Most Viewed Trailers of 2014". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
86.Jump up ^ Jen Yamato (August 1, 2014). "Universal: ‘Fifty Shades’ Trailer Scores Historic 100M Views In First Week". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 13, 2015.
87.^ Jump up to: a b c Anthony D'Alessandro (February 4, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades Of Grey’ Tracking $60M Bow; Strong Ticket Sales In The South & Midwest". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
88.Jump up ^ Chiu, Melody (November 6, 2014). "Jamie Dornan Goes Shirtless as Christian Grey in New Fifty Shades of Grey Teaser". People Magazine. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
89.Jump up ^ Arlene Washington (February 2, 2015). "New '50 Shades' Trailer Brags: We've Racked Up 250 Million Views So Far". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 2, 2015.
90.Jump up ^ Schwartzel, Erich (February 16, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades’ Nets $94.4 Million in Debut". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 17, 2015.
91.Jump up ^ McClintock, Pamela (February 15, 2015). "Final Box Office: 'Fifty Shades' Ties Up Record $94.4M Debut in U.S.". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 17, 2015.
92.Jump up ^ Cunningham, Todd (February 15, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades of Grey’ Dominates Box Office With Record $90 Million U.S. Debut". The Wrap. Retrieved February 17, 2015.
93.Jump up ^ Exley, Jennifer (January 8, 2013). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' Screenwriter Plans NC-17 Rating". The Hollywood Reporter.
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96.Jump up ^ "FIFTY SHADES OF GREY(DCP)". Australian Film Classification. January 30, 2015. Retrieved February 7, 2015.
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98.Jump up ^ "Recent Films". Retrieved February 15, 2015.
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107.^ Jump up to: a b c Richwine, Lisa (February 14, 2015). "'Fifty Shades' goes global, but film too hot for some countries". Reuters. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
108.Jump up ^ Kozlov, Vladimir (February 17, 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' Banned in Russia’s North Caucasus (Report)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
109.Jump up ^ "'Fifty Shades of Grey' will not be released in UAE cinemas". Emirates 24/7. February 17, 2015. Retrieved February 17, 2015.
110.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey film banned in Papua New Guinea due to sexual content". ABC Online. February 19, 2015. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
111.Jump up ^ ""Fifty Shades" banned in Cambodia". Yahoo News. February 11, 2015. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
112.Jump up ^ Naman Ramachandran (March 5, 2015). "India Bans Edited Version of ‘Fifty Shades of Grey’". Variety. Retrieved March 5, 2015.
113.Jump up ^ Izuzu, Chidumga (February 19, 2015). "National Film and Video Censors Board bans movie from cinemas". pulse.ng. Retrieved February 20, 2015.
114.Jump up ^ "Zimbabwe's censorship board demands that erotic scenes of Fifty Shades of Grey film be edited". U.S. News & World Report. February 20, 2015. Retrieved February 20, 2015.
115.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey: In the censored Vietnam version there is no sex at all". 9 March 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
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120.Jump up ^ "Guess Who's Boycotting '50 Shades of Grey' Ahead of the Film's Release?". Alternet. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
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122.Jump up ^ "2015 WORLDWIDE GROSSES". Box Office Mojo. March 31, 2015.
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124.Jump up ^ Scott Mendelson (March 5, 2015). "Box Office: 'Fifty Shades Of Grey' Becomes 6th R-Rated Film To Top $500M". Forbes. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
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127.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock (February 11, 2015). "Box Office: 'Fifty Shades' Scores Record Valentine's Day Advance Ticket Sales". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
128.Jump up ^ Lily Harrison (January 16, 2015). "Fifty Shades of Grey Is Already Fandango's Fastest-Selling R-Rated Movie in History". E! Online. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
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130.Jump up ^ Scott Mendelson (January 22, 2015). "Box Office: 'Fifty Shades Of Grey' Could Nab $45M Debut". Forbes. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
131.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock (January 30, 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' vs. 'Kingsman': A Box-Office Battle for Date Night". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
132.Jump up ^ Marc Graser (February 3, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades of Grey’ Marketing: More Sizzle Than Sex". Variety. Retrieved February 4, 2015.
133.Jump up ^ Ray Subers (February 12, 2015). "Forecast: 'Fifty Shades' to Dominate Valentine's Day Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
134.Jump up ^ Cunningham, Todd (February 11, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades of Grey’ Arousing Overseas Audiences Too". The Wrap. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
135.Jump up ^ Press Association (February 6, 2015). "Fifty Shades takes £1.3 million at box office before opening". The Telegraph. Retrieved February 7, 2015.
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137.^ Jump up to: a b "TOP 4-DAY PRESIDENT'S DAY WEEKENDS". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
138.Jump up ^ "WIDEST OPENINGS BY MPAA RATING (R)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
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141.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock (February 15, 2015). "'Fifty Shades' Scores Biggest Opening in History for a Female Director". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
142.^ Jump up to: a b c d Nancy Tartaglione (February 17, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades’ Higher In Global Bow At $266.6M; Record R-Rated Opening Overseas – Tuesday Update". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 18, 2015.
143.^ Jump up to: a b Nancy Tartaglione (March 1, 2015). "’50 Shades’ Now Uni’s Biggest R-Rated Film Overseas; Nears $500M Global B.O.". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 2, 2015.
144.Jump up ^ Scott Mendelson (February 22, 2015). "Box Office: 'Fifty Shades' Drops Record 73% For $23.2M Weekend". Forbes. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
145.Jump up ^ "2015 DOMESTIC GROSSES". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 8, 2015.
146.Jump up ^ "Romantic Drama". Box Office Mojo. March 29, 2015.
147.^ Jump up to: a b Anthony D'Alessandro (February 13, 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' Posts Second Best R-Rated Preview Opening". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
148.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock (January 30, 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' vs. 'Kingsman': A Box-Office Battle for Date Night". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
149.Jump up ^ "WIDEST OPENINGS BY MPAA RATING (R)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
150.Jump up ^ "WIDEST RELEASES BY MPAA RATING (R)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved February 12, 2015.
151.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock (February 13, 2015). "Box Office Dominatrix: 'Fifty Shades' Nabs $30.2M Friday for Record $80M-Plus Debut". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
152.Jump up ^ Ray Subers (February 14, 2015). "Friday Report: Moviegoers Submit to 'Fifty Shades of Grey'". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
153.Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (February 15, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades’ Posting A $81.7M Weekend, $90.7M Four-Day; ‘Kingsman’ Strong With $35.6M – Sunday Final Update". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 16, 2015.
154.Jump up ^ BROOKS BARNES and MICHAEL CIEPLY (February 15, 2015). "In a Shift, ‘Shades’ Dominates Box Office". The New York Times. Retrieved February 16, 2015.
155.Jump up ^ Ray Subers (February 22, 2015). "Weekend Report: Moviegoers Flee From 'Fifty Shades'". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved February 28, 2015.
156.Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (February 23, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades’ Lower With $22.26M; ‘Hot Tub 2’s Tracking Off – Monday B.O. Update". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 28, 2015.
157.Jump up ^ Scott Mendelson (February 22, 2015). "Box Office: 'Fifty Shades' Drops Record 73% For $23.2M Weekend". Forbes. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
158.Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (March 2, 2015). "Will Smith’s ‘Focus’ Lower In Actuals With $18.69M Opening – Box Office Update". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 3, 2015.
159.Jump up ^ Ray Subers (March 1, 2015). "Weekend Report: 'Focus' Pulls Off Minor Heist at the Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 3, 2015.
160.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock (February 12, 2015). "Global Box Office: 'Fifty Shades' Heads for $235M-Plus World Domination". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
161.^ Jump up to: a b Maane Khatchatourian (February 14, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades’ Heating Up International Box Office With Record $158 Million Debut". Variety. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
162.^ Jump up to: a b Nancy Tartaglione (February 14, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades’ Eyes $158M+ Opening Weekend Overseas; Biggest-Ever For An R-Rated Film". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
163.Jump up ^ Nancy Tartaglione (February 12, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades’ Ties Up Universal Records In Overseas Debuts; $100M+ Weekend?". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
164.Jump up ^ Nancy Tartaglione (February 13, 2015). "‘Fifty Shades’ Cumes $28.6M Overseas In Two Days; Whips Opening Records". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
165.Jump up ^ Charles Gant (February 17, 2015). "Fifty Shades of pure UK box-office gold". The Guardian. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
166.Jump up ^ "UNITED KINGDOM AND IRELAND AND MALTA ALL TIME OPENINGS". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
167.Jump up ^ Alex Ritman (February 23, 2015). "U.K. Box Office: 'Fifty Shades' Becomes Highest-Grossing 18-Rated Film Ever". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
168.Jump up ^ Alex Ritman (March 3, 2015). "U.K. Box Office: 'Exotic Marigold' Sequel Topples 'Fifty Shades'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 3, 2015.
169.Jump up ^ Gavin J. Blair (February 16, 2015). "Japan Box Office: 'Fifty Shades' Opens in Fifth, 'Big Hero 6' Passes $70 Million". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
170.Jump up ^ Gavin J. Blair (February 23, 2015). "Japan Box Office: 'American Sniper' Opens on Top, 'Fifty Shades' Drops Out of Top 10". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
171.Jump up ^ Gavin J. Blair (February 26, 2015). "Why 'Fifty Shades of Grey' Failed to Hit the Mark in Japan". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
172.Jump up ^ Nancy Tartaglione (March 1, 2015). "Mr Grey Dominates, Mr Smith’s ‘Focus’ Pulls & Ms Smith’s ‘Exotic Marigold Hotel’ Upgrades: More International Box Office". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 2, 2015.
173.Jump up ^ Nancy Tartaglione (March 8, 2015). "‘Jupiter’ Ascends To Top Of International B.O.; ‘Chappie’ Lively In Asia – Update". Deadline. Retrieved March 8, 2015.
174.^ Jump up to: a b Nancy Tartaglione (March 15, 2015). "‘Cinderella’ Tops International Box Office As ‘Fifty Shades’ Joins Uni’s Top 10". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 15, 2015.
175.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
176.Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
177.Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (February 14, 2015). "Mr. Grey To Beat ‘Christ’ February Opening Day; Industry Projects $91M Bow – Late Night Box Office". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
178.Jump up ^ "'Fifty Shades' lacks gray matter, as well as heat". USA Today. February 10, 2015. Retrieved February 11, 2015.>
179.Jump up ^ "‘Fifty Shades of Grey’: A few shades better than the book". The Seattle Times. February 12, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2015.>
180.Jump up ^ Bradshaw, Pete (February 12, 2015). "Fifty Shades Of Grey Review". We Got This Covered (London). Retrieved February 12, 2015.
181.Jump up ^ Bradshaw, Peter (February 13, 2015). "Fifty Shades of Grey review – making a bad fist of it". The Guardian (London). Retrieved February 13, 2015.
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183.Jump up ^ Collin, Robbie (February 13, 2015). "Fifty Shades of Grey premiere: 'the most raucous audience reaction since Mamma Mia'". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved February 14, 2015.
184.Jump up ^ Elizabeth Weitzman (February 9, 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' movie review". New York Daily News. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
185.Jump up ^ Hoffman, Jordan (February 10, 2015). "Fifty Shades of Grey first look review: some pleasure, occasional pain". The Guardian (London). Retrieved February 10, 2015.
186.Jump up ^ "'Fifty Shades of Grey': EW movie review". Entertainment Weekly. February 10, 2015. Retrieved February 11, 2015.>
187.Jump up ^ Maltin, Leonard (February 13, 2015). "Fifty Shades Of Grey—movie review". Retrieved April 11, 2015.
188.Jump up ^ "9 ½ Weeks: the story of the original 50 Shades of Grey". The Telegraph. February 13, 2015. Retrieved April 11, 2015.
189.Jump up ^ "Before 'Fifty Shades,' How '9 1/2 Weeks' Director Put S&M Onscreen". The Hollywood Reporter. February 12, 2015. Retrieved April 11, 2015.
190.Jump up ^ Sarah Weinman, Who Was the Real Woman Behind “Nine and a Half Weeks”?. The New Yorker, November 2012.
191.Jump up ^ Fleming, Mike (26 March 2012). "Universal Pictures and Focus Features win Fifty Shades of Grey". Deadline.com. PMC. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
192.Jump up ^ Davenporte, Barbie (June 5, 2012). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' Porn Parody Will Be Written/Directed by Mr. Filth. How Romantic.". LA Weekly. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
193.Jump up ^ Romero, Dennis (November 29, 2012). "Fifty Shades Porn Parody Targeted In Big Hollywood Lawsuit". LA Weekly. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
194.Jump up ^ Strecker, Erin (November 29, 2012). "Company behind 'Fifty Shades of Grey' porn sued by Universal". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
195.Jump up ^ "Universal files lawsuit against ‘Fifty Shades’ porn ‘rip-off’". Times Live. November 30, 2012. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
196.Jump up ^ Costanza, Justine Ashley (February 1, 2013). "‘Fifty Shades Of Grey’ Porn Lawsuit Heats Up: Is The XXX Adaptation Illegal?". International Business Times. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
197.Jump up ^ Gardner, Eriq (March 4, 2013). "'Fifty Shades' Porn Parody Countersuit Claims Books Are In Public Domain (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
198.Jump up ^ Romano, Aja (March 12, 2013). ""Fifty Shades" porn parody lost its lawsuit, but everyone wins". Daily Dot. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
199.Jump up ^ The Hollywood Reporter (April 22, 2015). "EL James' Husband Writing 'Fifty Shades of Grey' Sequel (Exclusive)". (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved April 23, 2015.
200.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock, Rebecca Ford (April 23, 2015). "CinemaCon: 'Fifty Shades of Grey' Sequel to Hit Theaters in 2017". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved April 24, 2015.
201.Jump up ^ Gregg Kilday (March 25, 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' Director Sam Taylor-Johnson Won't Direct Sequel". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fifty Shades of Grey (film).
Official website
Fifty Shades of Grey at the Internet Movie Database
Fifty Shades of Grey at Rotten Tomatoes
Fifty Shades of Grey at Metacritic
Fifty Shades of Grey at Box Office Mojo


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Categories: 2015 films
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