American Sniper Wikipedia pages

American Sniper
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Jump to: navigation, search
For the film adaptation, see American Sniper (film)
American Sniper
American Sniper book.jpg
Paperback cover

Author
Chris Kyle
 Scott McEwen
 Jim DeFelice
Country
United States
Language
English
Subject
Personal memoirs
Publisher
William Morrow and Company, an imprint of HarperCollins

Publication date
 January 2, 2012
Media type
Hardcover
Audiobook
Paperback
Pages
400
ISBN
978-0062082350
American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History is a memoir by American United States Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, written with Scott McEwen and Jim DeFelice. With 255 kills, 160 of them officially confirmed by the Pentagon, Kyle is the deadliest marksman in U.S. military history. The book was published by William Morrow and Company on January 2, 2012,[1] and appeared on The New York Times Best Seller list for 37 weeks.[2] The memoir has sold over 1.2 million copies across all formats (hardcover, paper and ebook), including 700,000 copies in 2015 alone, making it the best-selling book of 2015 so far. It landed atop all the major best-seller lists including the aforementioned The New York Times, and Publishers Weekly, USA Today and No. 2 on Amazon.[3] Its film adaptation directed by Clint Eastwood was released in 2014.


Contents  [hide]
1 Post-publication retraction 1.1 Other controversies
2 Film adaptation
3 References

§Post-publication retraction[edit]
In July 2014, the sub-chapter "Punching Out Scruff Face" was removed from later editions of the book after a three-week trial in U.S. Federal Court where the jury found that the author, Chris Kyle, had unjustly enriched himself by defaming plaintiff Jesse Ventura. In the book, Kyle described blackening the eye of "Scruff Face", whom he later identified in media interviews as Jesse Ventura.[4] The jury awarded $500,000 for defamation and $1,345,477.25 for unjust enrichment.[5][6] The lawsuit, Ventura v. Kyle, is being appealed by the defendant's estate to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.[7][8]
In December 2014, attorneys for Ventura filed a separate lawsuit against HarperCollins, the parent company of the publisher, for failing to check the accuracy of the story it used in publicity. The suit alleges that the false account used in publicity had "increased sales" and generated "millions of dollars for HarperCollins."[9]
§Other controversies[edit]
Kyle's family claimed he donated his book proceeds to Veterans' Charity, but reports surfaced that he had kept most of the profit for himself.[10] National Review rebutted the claim that all proceeds of his book went to veterans' charities. According to reports, around 2 percent ($52,000) went to the charities, while Kyle's family took $3 million.[11]
§Film adaptation[edit]
A film adaptation of the book was released by Warner Bros. and had its world premiere on November 11, 2014, at the American Film Institute Festival, followed by a limited theatrical release in the United States on December 25, 2014. It received a wide release January 16, 2015.[12][13][14]
§References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "A Wave of Military Memoirs With You-Are-There Appeal". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
2.Jump up ^ "Nonfiction - Best Sellers - The New York Times". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 January 2015.
3.Jump up ^ Andy Lewis (February 6, 2015). "'American Sniper' Book Sales See Continued Bump From Movie's Success". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 7, 2015.
4.Jump up ^ "Jesse Ventura's $1.8M award in defamation trial ruled reasonable". St. Paul Pioneer Press. 8 August 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
5.Jump up ^ "Jury awards Jesse Ventura $1.8 million in 'American Sniper' lawsuit". Dallas Morning News. 29 July 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
6.Jump up ^ "Chris Kyle trial: Jesse Ventura wins $1.8 million in defamation case". Oregon Live. Associated Press. 2014-07-29. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
7.Jump up ^ "'American Sniper' widow to appeal Ventura defamation verdict". 23 December 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
8.Jump up ^ "Jesse Ventura v. Taya Kyle". 23 December 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
9.Jump up ^ Holley, Peter (2014-12-16). "Jesse Ventura sues HarperCollins over Chris Kyle’s ‘American Sniper’". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2015-01-14.
10.Jump up ^ Jilani, Zaid (24 January 2015). "7 heinous lies “American Sniper” is telling America". Salon. Alternet. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
11.Jump up ^ Delgado, A. J. (30 July 2013). "Justice for Jesse: Ventura Was Right in His Lawsuit". National Review Online. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
12.Jump up ^ "Warner Bros. Dates 'American Sniper'; Moves 'Point Break', 'an From U.N.C.L.E'". deadline.com. August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 13, 2014.
13.Jump up ^ Ray Subers (January 15, 2015). "Lowest-Grossing Best Picture Nominees Since Category Expansion". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
14.Jump up ^ Ray Subers (January 15, 2015). "Forecast: 'Sniper' Sets Sights on January Record". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
Stub icon This article about a book is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.




  


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American Sniper
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the film adaptation, see American Sniper (film)
American Sniper
American Sniper book.jpg
Paperback cover

Author
Chris Kyle
 Scott McEwen
 Jim DeFelice
Country
United States
Language
English
Subject
Personal memoirs
Publisher
William Morrow and Company, an imprint of HarperCollins

Publication date
 January 2, 2012
Media type
Hardcover
Audiobook
Paperback
Pages
400
ISBN
978-0062082350
American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History is a memoir by American United States Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, written with Scott McEwen and Jim DeFelice. With 255 kills, 160 of them officially confirmed by the Pentagon, Kyle is the deadliest marksman in U.S. military history. The book was published by William Morrow and Company on January 2, 2012,[1] and appeared on The New York Times Best Seller list for 37 weeks.[2] The memoir has sold over 1.2 million copies across all formats (hardcover, paper and ebook), including 700,000 copies in 2015 alone, making it the best-selling book of 2015 so far. It landed atop all the major best-seller lists including the aforementioned The New York Times, and Publishers Weekly, USA Today and No. 2 on Amazon.[3] Its film adaptation directed by Clint Eastwood was released in 2014.


Contents  [hide]
1 Post-publication retraction 1.1 Other controversies
2 Film adaptation
3 References

§Post-publication retraction[edit]
In July 2014, the sub-chapter "Punching Out Scruff Face" was removed from later editions of the book after a three-week trial in U.S. Federal Court where the jury found that the author, Chris Kyle, had unjustly enriched himself by defaming plaintiff Jesse Ventura. In the book, Kyle described blackening the eye of "Scruff Face", whom he later identified in media interviews as Jesse Ventura.[4] The jury awarded $500,000 for defamation and $1,345,477.25 for unjust enrichment.[5][6] The lawsuit, Ventura v. Kyle, is being appealed by the defendant's estate to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.[7][8]
In December 2014, attorneys for Ventura filed a separate lawsuit against HarperCollins, the parent company of the publisher, for failing to check the accuracy of the story it used in publicity. The suit alleges that the false account used in publicity had "increased sales" and generated "millions of dollars for HarperCollins."[9]
§Other controversies[edit]
Kyle's family claimed he donated his book proceeds to Veterans' Charity, but reports surfaced that he had kept most of the profit for himself.[10] National Review rebutted the claim that all proceeds of his book went to veterans' charities. According to reports, around 2 percent ($52,000) went to the charities, while Kyle's family took $3 million.[11]
§Film adaptation[edit]
A film adaptation of the book was released by Warner Bros. and had its world premiere on November 11, 2014, at the American Film Institute Festival, followed by a limited theatrical release in the United States on December 25, 2014. It received a wide release January 16, 2015.[12][13][14]
§References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "A Wave of Military Memoirs With You-Are-There Appeal". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
2.Jump up ^ "Nonfiction - Best Sellers - The New York Times". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 January 2015.
3.Jump up ^ Andy Lewis (February 6, 2015). "'American Sniper' Book Sales See Continued Bump From Movie's Success". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 7, 2015.
4.Jump up ^ "Jesse Ventura's $1.8M award in defamation trial ruled reasonable". St. Paul Pioneer Press. 8 August 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
5.Jump up ^ "Jury awards Jesse Ventura $1.8 million in 'American Sniper' lawsuit". Dallas Morning News. 29 July 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
6.Jump up ^ "Chris Kyle trial: Jesse Ventura wins $1.8 million in defamation case". Oregon Live. Associated Press. 2014-07-29. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
7.Jump up ^ "'American Sniper' widow to appeal Ventura defamation verdict". 23 December 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
8.Jump up ^ "Jesse Ventura v. Taya Kyle". 23 December 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
9.Jump up ^ Holley, Peter (2014-12-16). "Jesse Ventura sues HarperCollins over Chris Kyle’s ‘American Sniper’". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2015-01-14.
10.Jump up ^ Jilani, Zaid (24 January 2015). "7 heinous lies “American Sniper” is telling America". Salon. Alternet. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
11.Jump up ^ Delgado, A. J. (30 July 2013). "Justice for Jesse: Ventura Was Right in His Lawsuit". National Review Online. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
12.Jump up ^ "Warner Bros. Dates 'American Sniper'; Moves 'Point Break', 'an From U.N.C.L.E'". deadline.com. August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 13, 2014.
13.Jump up ^ Ray Subers (January 15, 2015). "Lowest-Grossing Best Picture Nominees Since Category Expansion". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
14.Jump up ^ Ray Subers (January 15, 2015). "Forecast: 'Sniper' Sets Sights on January Record". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
Stub icon This article about a book is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.




  


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Book stubs




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American Sniper (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search


American Sniper
Chris Kyle is seen wearing desert fatigues army BDU, while his wife Taya embraces him. They are standing in front of a tattered US flag.
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Clint Eastwood
Produced by
Clint Eastwood
Robert Lorenz
Andrew Lazar
Bradley Cooper
Peter Morgan

Written by
Jason Hall
Based on
American Sniper
 by Chris Kyle
 Scott McEwen
 Jim DeFelice
Starring
Bradley Cooper
Sienna Miller

Cinematography
Tom Stern
Edited by
Joel Cox
Gary D. Roach


Production
 company

Village Roadshow Pictures
Mad Chance Productions
22nd & Indiana Pictures
Malpaso Productions

Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures

Release dates

November 11, 2014 (AFI Fest)
December 25, 2014 (limited release)
January 16, 2015 (worldwide release)


Running time
 132 minutes[1][2]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$58.8 million[3][4][5]
Box office
$500.2 million[3]
American Sniper is a 2014 American biographical war drama film[6] directed by Clint Eastwood and written by Jason Hall. It is based on the book American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History (2012) by Chris Kyle, with Scott McEwen and Jim DeFelice. With 255 kills, 160 of which were officially confirmed by the Department of Defense, Kyle is the deadliest marksman in U.S. military history. The film stars Bradley Cooper as Kyle and Sienna Miller as his wife Taya, with Luke Grimes, Kyle Gallner, Sam Jaeger, Jake McDorman, and Cory Hardrict in supporting roles.
The world premiere was on November 11, 2014, at the American Film Institute Festival, followed by a limited theatrical release in the United States on December 25, 2014 and a wide release on January 16, 2015. The film became a major commercial success, with a worldwide gross of over $500 million,[7] it became the highest-grossing war film in both North America (U.S. and Canada) and worldwide, the highest-grossing film of 2014 in the US and Eastwood's highest-grossing film to date.
The film received mostly positive reviews from critics. At the 87th Academy Awards, American Sniper received six nominations, including Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Actor for Cooper, ultimately winning one award for Best Sound Editing.[8]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production 3.1 Casting
3.2 Filming
3.3 Music
4 Reception 4.1 Box office 4.1.1 United States and Canada 4.1.1.1 Premiere and limited release
4.1.1.2 Wide release
4.1.2 Other territories
4.2 Critical response
4.3 Criticisms
5 Accolades
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

§Plot[edit]
Growing up in Texas, Chris Kyle is taught by his father how to shoot a rifle and hunt deer. Years later, Kyle is a rodeo cowboy when he sees news coverage of the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings and decides to enlist in the U.S. Navy, where he is eventually accepted for SEAL training, becoming a U.S. Navy SEAL sniper.
Kyle meets Taya Renae at a bar, they marry, and he is sent to Iraq after the September 11 attacks of 2001. His first kills are a woman and boy who attacked U.S. Marines with a grenade. Kyle is visibly upset by the experience but earns the nickname "Legend" for his many kills. He is assigned to hunt for the al-Qaeda leader Abu Musab al-Zarqawi; during house-to-house searches in evacuated areas, Kyle interrogates a family, and for $100,000 the father offers to lead the SEALs to "The Butcher", al-Zarqawi's second-in-command whose favorite torture device is a drill. The plan goes awry when The Butcher captures the father and son, and kills them while Kyle is pinned down by a sniper using an SVD. Meanwhile, the insurgents issue a bounty on Kyle.
Kyle returns home to his wife and the birth of his son. He is distracted by memories of his war experiences and argues with Taya over bootleg footage of U.S. Marines shot dead by enemy sniper "savages". Taya expresses her concern for them as a couple and wishes Kyle would focus on his home and family.
Kyle leaves for a second tour, promoted to Chief Petty Officer. He is involved in a shoot out with The Butcher, who is located operating out of a ground floor restaurant.
Kyle returns home from his second tour to a newborn daughter, and he becomes increasingly distant from his family. On his third tour, the Dragunov sniper seriously injures a unit member, and the unit is evacuated back to base. The unit decides to return to the field and continue the mission. Another SEAL is killed by gunfire, compelling Kyle with guilt and duty to undertake a fourth tour. Taya does not understand his decision, tells him she needs him, and for a moment, implies they should stay apart.
On tour four, the SVD-using expert insurgent sniper is identified as "Mustafa", and Kyle is assigned to take him out. Mustafa has been sniping U.S. Army combat engineers building a barricade. Kyle's sniper team is placed on a rooftop inside enemy territory. Kyle spots Mustafa and takes him out with a risky long distance shot at 2100 yards (1920 meters), (the 8th longest sniper kill ever recorded), but this exposes his team's position to a large number of armed insurgents. In the midst of the firefight and low on ammunition, Kyle calls Taya and tells her he is ready to come home. A sandstorm provides cover for a chaotic escape in which Kyle is injured and almost left behind.
Kyle returns home, on edge and unable to adjust fully to civilian life. He tells a Veterans Affairs psychiatrist he is "haunted by all the guys [he] couldn't save". The psychiatrist encourages him to help wounded veterans in the VA hospital. Kyle meets veterans who suffered severe injuries, coaches them at a shooting range in the woods, and gradually begins to adjust to home life.
Years later, on February 2, 2013, Kyle, playful and happy, says goodbye to his wife and family as he leaves to spend time with a veteran at a shooting range. An on-screen subtitle reveals: "Chris Kyle was killed that day by a veteran he was trying to help", followed by stock footage of thousands of people standing in line along the highway for his funeral procession. Thousands more are shown[9] attending his memorial service at Cowboys Stadium (now known as the AT&T Stadium).
§Cast[edit]
Bradley Cooper as Chris Kyle[10]
Sienna Miller as Taya Renae Kyle[11]
Max Charles as Colton Kyle[12]
Luke Grimes as Marc Lee[13]
Kyle Gallner as Goat-Winston[14]
Sam Jaeger as Captain Martens[15]
Jake McDorman as Ryan "Biggles" Job[16]
Cory Hardrict as 'D' / Dandridge[17]
Navid Negahban as Sheikh Al-Obodi[18]
Eric Close as DIA Agent Snead[18]
Eric Ladin as Squirrel[18]
Rey Gallegos as Tony[18]
Kevin "Dauber" Lacz as himself[19]
Brian Hallisay as Captain Gillespie
Ben Reed as Wayne Kyle
Elise Robertson as Debby Kyle
Keir O'Donnell as Jeff Kyle
Marnette Patterson as Sarah
Leonard Roberts as Instructor Roll
Sammy Sheik as Mustafa, a character partially based on Iraqi sniper Juba.[20]
Mido Hamada as "The Butcher"
§Production[edit]



 Chris Kyle in 2012
On May 24, 2012, it was announced that Warner Bros. had acquired the rights to the book with Bradley Cooper set to produce and star in the screen adaptation.[10] Cooper had thought of Chris Pratt to play Kyle, but WB agreed to buy it only if Cooper would star.[21] On September 2012, David O. Russell said he was interested in directing the film.[22] On May 2, 2013, it was announced that Steven Spielberg would direct.[23] Spielberg had read Kyle's book, though he desired to have a more psychological conflict present in the screenplay so an "enemy sniper" character can serve as the insurgent sharpshooter who was trying to track down and kill Kyle. Spielberg's ideas contributed to the development of a lengthy screenplay approaching 160 pages. Due to Warner Bros.' budget constraints, Spielberg felt he could not bring his vision of the story to the screen.[4] On August 5, 2013, Spielberg dropped out of directing.[24] On August 21, 2013, it was reported that Clint Eastwood would instead direct the film.[25]
§Casting[edit]
On March 14, 2014, Sienna Miller joined the cast.[11] On March 16, 2014, Kyle Gallner was cast,[14] as was Cory Hardrict on March 18, 2014.[17] On March 20, 2014, Navid Negahban, Eric Close, Eric Ladin, Rey Gallegos, and Jake McDorman also joined the cast,[16][18] as did Luke Grimes and Sam Jaeger on March 25, 2014.[13][15] Kevin Lacz, a former Navy SEAL, was also cast and served as a technical advisor.[19] Another former Navy SEAL, Joel Lambert, also joined the film, portraying a Delta sniper.[26] On June 3, Max Charles was added to the cast to portray Kyle's son, Colton Kyle.[12]
§Filming[edit]
Principal photography began on March 31, 2014 in Los Angeles;[27] it was also partly shot in Morocco.[28] On April 23, the Los Angeles Times reported that ten days of filming set in an Afghan village was set to begin at the Blue Cloud Movie Ranch in the Santa Clarita area.[29] On May 7, shooting of the film was spotted around El Centro; a milk factory was used as the abandoned date factory which insurgents close in on from all directions at the climax of the film.[30][31] Later on May 14, Cooper was spotted filming some scenes in Culver City, California,[32] and then he followed by shooting scenes again in Los Angeles on May 16.[33] On May 30, Cooper and Miller were spotted during the filming of their characters' wedding scenes; they were filming aboard a yacht in Marina del Rey.[34] On June 3, Cooper was spotted in the uniform of a Navy SEAL marksman aiming during the filming of some scenes at a Los Angeles shooting range.[35] The pier and bar scenes were filmed in Seal Beach, California.[36] Bradley Cooper gained 40 pounds for his role.
Cinematographer Tom Stern shot the film with Arri Alexa XT digital cameras and Panavision C-, E- and G-Series anamorphic lenses.[37] The film is Eastwood's second to be shot digitally, after Jersey Boys.[38]
§Music[edit]
There is no "Music by" credit on this film. Composer and music editor Joseph S. DeBeasi is credited as composer of additional music, and Clint Eastwood, who has composed the scores for most of his films since Mystic River (2004), is credited as the composer of "Taya's theme".[39][40] The film also features the song Someone Like You by Van Morrison, which plays during the wedding scene.[41]
§Reception[edit]
§Box office[edit]
As of March 8, 2015, American Sniper had grossed $337.2 million in North America and $163.0 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $500.2 million,[3] against a budget of about $58 million. Worldwide, it is the highest-grossing war film of all time (breaking Saving Private Ryan '​s record)[42] and Eastwood's highest-grossing film to date.
§United States and Canada[edit]
In the U.S. and Canada, it is the highest-grossing film of 2014,[43] the highest-grossing war film unadjusted for inflation, (on an adjusted basis it stands second to Saving Private Ryan with $379 million).[44] the second highest-grossing R-rated film of all time (behind The Passion of the Christ),[45] Warner Bros' fourth highest-grossing film (behind The Dark Knight, The Dark Knight Rises and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 2),[46] and the eight highest-grossing Best Picture nominee film (behind Avatar, Titanic, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Toy Story 3, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King and The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers).[47] It became the seventh Warner Bros' film to earn over $300 million in the U.S. and Canada and the 50th film to reach the mark.[48] It earned as much as the combined earnings of all of the other 2014 Best Picture nominees.[49]
On March 8, 2015, it surpassed The Hunger Games: Mockingjay - Part 1 to become the highest-grossing film of 2014[47] making it Warner Bros' first non-franchise film since The Grinch (2000) and the first R-rated film since Saving Private Ryan (1998) to top the year-end rankings.[47]
§Premiere and limited release[edit]
American Sniper premiered at the AFI Fest on November 11, 2014, just after a screening of Selma at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre in Los Angeles.[50] In North America, the film opened to a limited release on December 25, 2014, playing at four theaters — two in New York, one in Los Angeles, and one in Dallas — and earned $610,000 in its opening weekend ($850,000 including Christmas Day) at an average of $152,500 per venue debuting at #22.[51][52] The following week the film earned $676,909 playing at the same number of locations at an average of $169,277 per theater, which is the second-biggest weekend average ever for a live-action movie (previously held by 2001's Moulin Rouge!).[53] American Sniper holds the record for the most entries in the top 20 Top Weekend Theater Averages with 3 entries. It earned a total of $3.4 million from limited release in three weekends.[54]
§Wide release[edit]
The film began its wide debut across the U.S. and Canada theaters on January 16, 2015 (Thursday night showings began at 7:00 pm).[55] It set an all-time highest Thursday night opening record for a R-rated drama with $5.3 million (previously held by Lone Survivor).[56][57][58] The film topped the box office on its opening day grossing $30.5 million (including Thursday previews) from 3,555 theaters setting January records for both biggest debut opening (previously held by Cloverfield) and single-day gross (previously held by Avatar).[59][60][61] In its traditional three-day opening the film earned $89.2 million which was double than expected and broke the record for the largest January opening (previously held by Ride Along)[62] and the largest winter opening,[63] which is also Eastwood's top opening as a director surpassing Gran Torino '​s opening.[64] The three-day opening is also the biggest opening weekend for a drama film (previously held by The Passion of the Christ),[65] the second biggest debut for a Best Picture Oscar nominee (behind Toy Story 3),[66] the second biggest debut for an R-rated film (behind The Matrix Reloaded), and the second biggest for a non-comic book, non-fantasy/sci-fi film (behind Fast and Furious 6).[66][67] It also set an IMAX opening record with $10.6 million setting record for a January IMAX weekend (previously held by Avatar in its fourth weekend) and an R-rated IMAX debut record (previously held by Prometheus).[68] It earned $107.2 million during its four-day Martin Luther King weekend setting a record for the biggest R-rated four day gross.[69]
In its second weekend, the film expanded to 3,705 theaters making it the widest launch for an R-rated movie.[70][71] It grossed an estimated $64.6 million in its second weekend, declining only by 28%—and set the record for the second-best hold ever for a movie opening to more than $85 million and also set the record for the eight largest second-weekend gross.[72][73] In just 10 days of release, the film surpassed Pearl Harbor ($198.5 million) to became the second highest-grossing war film in North America.[74] By its second weekend, Box Office Mojo had already reported that the film was on poise to become the highest-grossing film of 2014 in North America, a record that is currently held by The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 ($334 million), judging from its gradual decline and strong holdovers.[75] It became the highest-grossing IMAX film of January grossing $18.8 million from 333 IMAX theaters.[76] On Thursday, January 29, 2015 – 35 days after its initial release, the film surpassed Saving Private Ryan ($216.5 million) to become the highest-grossing war film in North America, unadjusted for inflation.[77]
By its third weekend of wide release, the film expanded to 3,885 theaters (180 additional theaters added), breaking its own record of being the widest R-rated film ever released.[78][79] The film topped the box office through its third weekend earning $30.66 million which is the second highest Super Bowl weekend gross (behind Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert).[80] After topping the box office for three consecutive weekends (the longest of 2015 so far), the film was overtaken by The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water in its fourth weekend.[49]
§Other territories[edit]
The film was moderately successful outside of the U.S. and Canada. It had the biggest debut weekend for a Clint Eastwood movie ever and went on to become the director’s top grossing movie of all time in each of the country it was released in.[81] It opened in Italy at No. 2 with $7.1 million which is Eastwood’s best opening of all time and Warner Bros' second biggest opening for a non-franchise U.S. film there[82] and topped the box office the following weekend.[83] France with $6.3 million,[84] Australia with $4.3 million ($4.6 million including previews),[85] the UK and Ireland with $3.8 million,[86] Spain with $3.2 million,[84] Japan with $2.8 million,[84] Mexico with $2.6 million,[84] Brazil with $1.8 million,[84] and Korea with $1.2 million.[84]
§Critical response[edit]
American Sniper has received mostly positive reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a "Certified Fresh" rating of 72%, based on 217 reviews from critics, with an average rating of 6.9/10. The site's consensus states, "Powered by Clint Eastwood's sure-handed direction and a gripping central performance from Bradley Cooper, American Sniper delivers a tense, vivid tribute to its real-life subject."[87] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 72 out of 100, based on reviews from 48 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[88] In CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend, cinema audiences gave American Sniper a rare grade of A+ on an A+ to F scale.[89]
Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter wrote: "A taut, vivid and sad account of the brief life of the most accomplished marksman in American military annals, American Sniper feels very much like a companion piece—in subject, theme and quality—to The Hurt Locker."[90] Justin Chang of Variety gave the film a positive review, saying "Hard-wiring the viewer into Kyle's battle-scarred psyche thanks to an excellent performance from a bulked-up Bradley Cooper, this harrowing and intimate character study offers fairly blunt insights into the physical and psychological toll exacted on the front lines, yet strikes even its familiar notes with a sobering clarity that finds the 84-year-old filmmaker in very fine form."[91] David Denby of The New Yorker gave the film a positive review, saying "Both a devastating war movie and a devastating antiwar movie, a subdued celebration of a warrior's skill and a sorrowful lament over his alienation and misery."[92] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a C+, saying "The film's just a repetition of context-free combat missions and one-dimensional targets."[93] Elizabeth Weitzman of New York Daily News gave the film four out of five stars, saying "The best movies are ever-shifting, intelligent and open-hearted enough to expand alongside an audience. American Sniper, Clint Eastwood's harrowing meditation on war, is built on this foundation of uncommon compassion."[94] Amy Nicholson of LA Weekly gave the film a C-, saying "Cautiously, Eastwood has chosen to omit Kyle's self-mythologizing altogether, which is itself a distortion of his character. We're not watching a biopic."[95] Kyle Smith of the New York Post gave the film four out of five stars, saying "After 40 years of Hollywood counterpropaganda telling us war is necessarily corrupting and malign, its ablest practitioners thugs, loons or victims, American Sniper nobly presents the case for the other side."[96]
Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film three and a half stars out of four, saying "Bradley Cooper, as Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, and director Eastwood salute Kyle's patriotism best by not denying its toll. Their targets are clearly in sight, and their aim is true."[97] Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club gave the film a B, saying "American Sniper is imperfect and at times a little corny, but also ambivalent and complicated in ways that are uniquely Eastwoodian."[98] James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave the film three and a half stars out of four, saying "American Sniper lifts director Clint Eastwood out of the doldrums that have plagued his last few films."[99] Rafer Guzman of Newsday gave the film three out of four stars, saying "Cooper nails the role of an American killing machine in Clint Eastwood's clear-eyed look at the Iraq War."[100] Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times gave the film a positive review, saying "Eastwood's impeccably crafted action sequences so catch us up in the chaos of combat we are almost not aware that we're watching a film at all."[101] Claudia Puig of USA Today gave the film three out of four stars, saying "It's clearly Cooper's show. Substantially bulked up and affecting a believable Texas drawl, Cooper embodies Kyle's confidence, intensity and vulnerability."[102] Joshua Rothkopf of Time Out New York gave the film four out of five stars, saying "Just as only Nixon could go to China, only Clint Eastwood could make a movie about an Iraq War veteran and infuse it with doubts, mission anxiety and ruination."[103] Inkoo Kang of The Wrap gave the film a negative review, saying "Director Clint Eastwood‘s focus on Kyle is so tight that no other character, including wife Taya (Sienna Miller), comes through as a person, and the scope so narrow that the film engages only superficially with the many moral issues surrounding the Iraq War."[104]
§Criticisms[edit]
Matt Taibbi, of Rolling Stone, wrote that the movie turned the complicated moral morass and mass-bloodshed of the Iraq occupation into a black and white fairy tale, without presenting the historical context.[105] John Wight of Russia Today stated that American Sniper depicted the Iraqi people as a dehumanized mass of savages, which the white man was in the process of civilizing.[106] Alex von Tunzelmann of The Guardian argued that the film presented a simplified black and white portrayal of the Iraq war, and that it features the distortion of facts into unreliable myths based upon previous legends.[107] David Masciotra of Salon criticized the movie's focus on physical rather than moral courage as the ultimate manly virtue.[108] Cavalry Scout Sniper Garett Reppenhagen stated that he did not view Iraqi civilians as savages, but as part of a friendly culture for which the movie has furthered ignorance, fear, and bigotry.[109] Cinematographer Paul Edwards wrote in CounterPunch that the film is dangerous due to mutilating the classic hero's journey into a simplistic, brutal, and sadistic destruction of "evildoers".[110] Several other articles have also been critical of the movie.[111][112][113][114][115]
Responding to critics, Eastwood said that American Sniper shows "what it (war) does to the people left behind",[116] and that presenting "the fact of what [war] does to the family and the people who have to go back into civilian life like Chris Kyle did" is the "biggest antiwar statement any film" can make.[117] He stated: "One of my favorite war movies that I've been involved with is Letters from Iwo Jima and that was about family, about being taken away from life, being sent someplace. In World War II, everybody just sort of went home and got over it. Now there is some effort to help people through it."[117] He also said: "I was a child growing up during World War II. That was supposed to be the one to end all wars. And four years later, I was standing at the draft board being drafted during the Korean conflict, and then after that there was Vietnam, and it goes on and on forever ... I just wonder ... does this ever stop? And no, it doesn't. So each time we get in these conflicts, it deserves a lot of thought before we go wading in or wading out. Going in or coming out. It needs a better thought process, I think."[118]
Bradley Cooper stated that much of the criticism ignores that the film was about widespread neglect of returning veterans, and that people who take issue with Kyle should redirect their attention to the leaders who put troops there in the first place. He said: "We looked at hopefully igniting attention about the lack of care that goes to vets. Discussion that has nothing to do with vets or what we did or did not do, every conversation in those terms is moving farther and farther from what our soldiers go through, and the fact that 22 veterans commit suicide each day." Cooper said that an increasing number of soldiers are returning from conflict psychologically damaged, only to be more or less discarded.[119]
First Lady Michelle Obama and Former GOP vice presidential nominee Sarah Palin also spoke out in support of the movie.[120][121][122]
§Accolades[edit]



List of awards and nominations

Award / Film festival
Category
Recipients
Result

Academy Awards[123] Best Picture Clint Eastwood, Robert Lorenz, Andrew Lazar, Bradley Cooper, Peter Morgan Nominated
Best Actor Bradley Cooper Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated
Best Film Editing Joel Cox and Gary D. Roach Nominated
Best Sound Editing Alan Robert Murray and Bub Asman Won
Best Sound Mixing John T. Reitz, Gregg Rudloff and Walt Martin Nominated
Art Directors Guild Awards[124] Excellence in Production Design for a Contemporary Film James J. Murakami, Charisse Cardenas Nominated
ACE Eddie Awards[125] Best Edited Feature Film – Dramatic Joel Cox and Gary D. Roach Nominated
American Film Institute Awards 2014[126] Top Ten Films of the Year  Won
British Academy Film Awards[127] Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated
Best Sound Walt Martin, John Reitz, Gregg Rudloff, Alan Robert Murray, Bub Asman Nominated
Cinema Audio Society Awards[128] Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Motion Picture – Live Action Walt Martin, Gregg Rudloff, John Reitz, Robert Fernandez, Thomas J. O’Connell, James Ashwell Nominated
Critics' Choice Award[129] Best Action Movie American Sniper Nominated
Best Actor in an Action Movie Bradley Cooper Won
Denver Film Critics Society[130][131] Best Picture American Sniper Won
Best Director Clint Eastwood Nominated
Best Actor Bradley Cooper (tied with Ralph Fiennes in The Grand Budapest Hotel) Won
Best Supporting Actress Sienna Miller Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated
Best Cinematography Tom Stern Nominated
Directors Guild of America Award[132] Outstanding Directing – Feature Film Clint Eastwood Nominated
Iowa Film Critics[133] Best Movie Yet to Open in Iowa American Sniper (tied with A Most Violent Year) Won
MPSE Golden Reel Awards[134] Feature English Language - Effects/Foley Bub Asman, Alan Robert Murray Won
National Board of Review[135] Top Ten Film  Won
Best Director Clint Eastwood Won
Producers Guild of America Awards[136] Best Theatrical Motion Picture Bradley Cooper, Clint Eastwood, Andrew Lazar, Robert Lorenz, Peter Morgan Nominated
Satellite Awards Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated
Best Editing Gary Roach and Joel Cox Nominated
Saturn Awards Best Thriller Film American Sniper Pending
Writers Guild of America Awards[137] Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated

§See also[edit]
List of films featuring the United States Navy SEALs
§References[edit]
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122.Jump up ^ Sarah Palin To Critics Of 'American Sniper' Movie: God Bless Our Snipers, Ahiza Garcia, January 21, 2015, Talking Points Memo
123.Jump up ^ "Oscar Nominations: 'Grand Budapest Hotel' & 'Birdman' Lead Way With 9 Noms; 'Imitation Game' Scores 8". Deadline.com. January 15, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
124.Jump up ^ "'Birdman', 'Foxcatcher' Among Art Directors Guild Nominees". Deadline.com. January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
125.Jump up ^ "‘American Sniper,’ ‘Boyhood,’ ‘Gone Girl’ Among ACE Eddie Award Nominees (FULL LIST)". Variety. January 2, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
126.Jump up ^ "AFI List of Top Ten Films Expands to Include 11 Movies". The Hollywood Reporter. December 9, 2014. Retrieved December 9, 2014.
127.Jump up ^ "BAFTA Nominations: ‘Grand Budapest Hotel’ Leads With 11 – Full List". Deadline.com. January 8, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
128.Jump up ^ "Cinema Audio Society Nominates 'American Sniper,' 'True Detective' and More". Indiewire. January 13, 2015. Retrieved January 13, 2015.
129.Jump up ^ Erik Pedersen. "Critics’ Choice Awards Winners 2015 — Full List: ‘Boyhood’, ‘Birdman’ - Deadline". Deadline.
130.Jump up ^ "Denver critics nominate 'American Sniper,' 'Birdman' and 'Inherent Vice'". Hitfix. January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
131.Jump up ^ "Denver critics name Clint Eastwood's 'American Sniper' the year's best film". Hitfix. January 12, 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2015.
132.Jump up ^ "DGA Awards Film Nominations: Anderson, Eastwood, Inarritu, Linklater, Tyldum". Deadline.com. January 13, 2015. Retrieved January 13, 2015.
133.Jump up ^ "'Boyhood' is Iowa Critics' Best Picture of 2014". Hitfix. January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
134.Jump up ^ "'Birdman,' 'Apes' Top 2015 Golden Reel Nominations". Deadline.com. January 14, 2015. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
135.Jump up ^ "National Board of Review Announces 2014 Award Winners". National Board of Review. December 2, 2014. Retrieved December 2, 2014.
136.Jump up ^ "'American Sniper,' 'Birdman' & 'Boyhood' Among PGA Awards Nominees". Deadline.com. January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
137.Jump up ^ "Writers Guild Awards Nominations: 'Whiplash', 'Gone Girl', 'Guardians' On Diverse List". Deadline.com. January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
§External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: American Sniper (film)
Official website
American Sniper at the Internet Movie Database
American Sniper at AllMovie
American Sniper at Box Office Mojo
American Sniper at Metacritic
American Sniper at Rotten Tomatoes


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American Sniper (film)
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American Sniper
Chris Kyle is seen wearing desert fatigues army BDU, while his wife Taya embraces him. They are standing in front of a tattered US flag.
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Clint Eastwood
Produced by
Clint Eastwood
Robert Lorenz
Andrew Lazar
Bradley Cooper
Peter Morgan

Written by
Jason Hall
Based on
American Sniper
 by Chris Kyle
 Scott McEwen
 Jim DeFelice
Starring
Bradley Cooper
Sienna Miller

Cinematography
Tom Stern
Edited by
Joel Cox
Gary D. Roach


Production
 company

Village Roadshow Pictures
Mad Chance Productions
22nd & Indiana Pictures
Malpaso Productions

Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures

Release dates

November 11, 2014 (AFI Fest)
December 25, 2014 (limited release)
January 16, 2015 (worldwide release)


Running time
 132 minutes[1][2]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$58.8 million[3][4][5]
Box office
$500.2 million[3]
American Sniper is a 2014 American biographical war drama film[6] directed by Clint Eastwood and written by Jason Hall. It is based on the book American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History (2012) by Chris Kyle, with Scott McEwen and Jim DeFelice. With 255 kills, 160 of which were officially confirmed by the Department of Defense, Kyle is the deadliest marksman in U.S. military history. The film stars Bradley Cooper as Kyle and Sienna Miller as his wife Taya, with Luke Grimes, Kyle Gallner, Sam Jaeger, Jake McDorman, and Cory Hardrict in supporting roles.
The world premiere was on November 11, 2014, at the American Film Institute Festival, followed by a limited theatrical release in the United States on December 25, 2014 and a wide release on January 16, 2015. The film became a major commercial success, with a worldwide gross of over $500 million,[7] it became the highest-grossing war film in both North America (U.S. and Canada) and worldwide, the highest-grossing film of 2014 in the US and Eastwood's highest-grossing film to date.
The film received mostly positive reviews from critics. At the 87th Academy Awards, American Sniper received six nominations, including Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Actor for Cooper, ultimately winning one award for Best Sound Editing.[8]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production 3.1 Casting
3.2 Filming
3.3 Music
4 Reception 4.1 Box office 4.1.1 United States and Canada 4.1.1.1 Premiere and limited release
4.1.1.2 Wide release
4.1.2 Other territories
4.2 Critical response
4.3 Criticisms
5 Accolades
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

§Plot[edit]
Growing up in Texas, Chris Kyle is taught by his father how to shoot a rifle and hunt deer. Years later, Kyle is a rodeo cowboy when he sees news coverage of the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings and decides to enlist in the U.S. Navy, where he is eventually accepted for SEAL training, becoming a U.S. Navy SEAL sniper.
Kyle meets Taya Renae at a bar, they marry, and he is sent to Iraq after the September 11 attacks of 2001. His first kills are a woman and boy who attacked U.S. Marines with a grenade. Kyle is visibly upset by the experience but earns the nickname "Legend" for his many kills. He is assigned to hunt for the al-Qaeda leader Abu Musab al-Zarqawi; during house-to-house searches in evacuated areas, Kyle interrogates a family, and for $100,000 the father offers to lead the SEALs to "The Butcher", al-Zarqawi's second-in-command whose favorite torture device is a drill. The plan goes awry when The Butcher captures the father and son, and kills them while Kyle is pinned down by a sniper using an SVD. Meanwhile, the insurgents issue a bounty on Kyle.
Kyle returns home to his wife and the birth of his son. He is distracted by memories of his war experiences and argues with Taya over bootleg footage of U.S. Marines shot dead by enemy sniper "savages". Taya expresses her concern for them as a couple and wishes Kyle would focus on his home and family.
Kyle leaves for a second tour, promoted to Chief Petty Officer. He is involved in a shoot out with The Butcher, who is located operating out of a ground floor restaurant.
Kyle returns home from his second tour to a newborn daughter, and he becomes increasingly distant from his family. On his third tour, the Dragunov sniper seriously injures a unit member, and the unit is evacuated back to base. The unit decides to return to the field and continue the mission. Another SEAL is killed by gunfire, compelling Kyle with guilt and duty to undertake a fourth tour. Taya does not understand his decision, tells him she needs him, and for a moment, implies they should stay apart.
On tour four, the SVD-using expert insurgent sniper is identified as "Mustafa", and Kyle is assigned to take him out. Mustafa has been sniping U.S. Army combat engineers building a barricade. Kyle's sniper team is placed on a rooftop inside enemy territory. Kyle spots Mustafa and takes him out with a risky long distance shot at 2100 yards (1920 meters), (the 8th longest sniper kill ever recorded), but this exposes his team's position to a large number of armed insurgents. In the midst of the firefight and low on ammunition, Kyle calls Taya and tells her he is ready to come home. A sandstorm provides cover for a chaotic escape in which Kyle is injured and almost left behind.
Kyle returns home, on edge and unable to adjust fully to civilian life. He tells a Veterans Affairs psychiatrist he is "haunted by all the guys [he] couldn't save". The psychiatrist encourages him to help wounded veterans in the VA hospital. Kyle meets veterans who suffered severe injuries, coaches them at a shooting range in the woods, and gradually begins to adjust to home life.
Years later, on February 2, 2013, Kyle, playful and happy, says goodbye to his wife and family as he leaves to spend time with a veteran at a shooting range. An on-screen subtitle reveals: "Chris Kyle was killed that day by a veteran he was trying to help", followed by stock footage of thousands of people standing in line along the highway for his funeral procession. Thousands more are shown[9] attending his memorial service at Cowboys Stadium (now known as the AT&T Stadium).
§Cast[edit]
Bradley Cooper as Chris Kyle[10]
Sienna Miller as Taya Renae Kyle[11]
Max Charles as Colton Kyle[12]
Luke Grimes as Marc Lee[13]
Kyle Gallner as Goat-Winston[14]
Sam Jaeger as Captain Martens[15]
Jake McDorman as Ryan "Biggles" Job[16]
Cory Hardrict as 'D' / Dandridge[17]
Navid Negahban as Sheikh Al-Obodi[18]
Eric Close as DIA Agent Snead[18]
Eric Ladin as Squirrel[18]
Rey Gallegos as Tony[18]
Kevin "Dauber" Lacz as himself[19]
Brian Hallisay as Captain Gillespie
Ben Reed as Wayne Kyle
Elise Robertson as Debby Kyle
Keir O'Donnell as Jeff Kyle
Marnette Patterson as Sarah
Leonard Roberts as Instructor Roll
Sammy Sheik as Mustafa, a character partially based on Iraqi sniper Juba.[20]
Mido Hamada as "The Butcher"
§Production[edit]



 Chris Kyle in 2012
On May 24, 2012, it was announced that Warner Bros. had acquired the rights to the book with Bradley Cooper set to produce and star in the screen adaptation.[10] Cooper had thought of Chris Pratt to play Kyle, but WB agreed to buy it only if Cooper would star.[21] On September 2012, David O. Russell said he was interested in directing the film.[22] On May 2, 2013, it was announced that Steven Spielberg would direct.[23] Spielberg had read Kyle's book, though he desired to have a more psychological conflict present in the screenplay so an "enemy sniper" character can serve as the insurgent sharpshooter who was trying to track down and kill Kyle. Spielberg's ideas contributed to the development of a lengthy screenplay approaching 160 pages. Due to Warner Bros.' budget constraints, Spielberg felt he could not bring his vision of the story to the screen.[4] On August 5, 2013, Spielberg dropped out of directing.[24] On August 21, 2013, it was reported that Clint Eastwood would instead direct the film.[25]
§Casting[edit]
On March 14, 2014, Sienna Miller joined the cast.[11] On March 16, 2014, Kyle Gallner was cast,[14] as was Cory Hardrict on March 18, 2014.[17] On March 20, 2014, Navid Negahban, Eric Close, Eric Ladin, Rey Gallegos, and Jake McDorman also joined the cast,[16][18] as did Luke Grimes and Sam Jaeger on March 25, 2014.[13][15] Kevin Lacz, a former Navy SEAL, was also cast and served as a technical advisor.[19] Another former Navy SEAL, Joel Lambert, also joined the film, portraying a Delta sniper.[26] On June 3, Max Charles was added to the cast to portray Kyle's son, Colton Kyle.[12]
§Filming[edit]
Principal photography began on March 31, 2014 in Los Angeles;[27] it was also partly shot in Morocco.[28] On April 23, the Los Angeles Times reported that ten days of filming set in an Afghan village was set to begin at the Blue Cloud Movie Ranch in the Santa Clarita area.[29] On May 7, shooting of the film was spotted around El Centro; a milk factory was used as the abandoned date factory which insurgents close in on from all directions at the climax of the film.[30][31] Later on May 14, Cooper was spotted filming some scenes in Culver City, California,[32] and then he followed by shooting scenes again in Los Angeles on May 16.[33] On May 30, Cooper and Miller were spotted during the filming of their characters' wedding scenes; they were filming aboard a yacht in Marina del Rey.[34] On June 3, Cooper was spotted in the uniform of a Navy SEAL marksman aiming during the filming of some scenes at a Los Angeles shooting range.[35] The pier and bar scenes were filmed in Seal Beach, California.[36] Bradley Cooper gained 40 pounds for his role.
Cinematographer Tom Stern shot the film with Arri Alexa XT digital cameras and Panavision C-, E- and G-Series anamorphic lenses.[37] The film is Eastwood's second to be shot digitally, after Jersey Boys.[38]
§Music[edit]
There is no "Music by" credit on this film. Composer and music editor Joseph S. DeBeasi is credited as composer of additional music, and Clint Eastwood, who has composed the scores for most of his films since Mystic River (2004), is credited as the composer of "Taya's theme".[39][40] The film also features the song Someone Like You by Van Morrison, which plays during the wedding scene.[41]
§Reception[edit]
§Box office[edit]
As of March 8, 2015, American Sniper had grossed $337.2 million in North America and $163.0 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $500.2 million,[3] against a budget of about $58 million. Worldwide, it is the highest-grossing war film of all time (breaking Saving Private Ryan '​s record)[42] and Eastwood's highest-grossing film to date.
§United States and Canada[edit]
In the U.S. and Canada, it is the highest-grossing film of 2014,[43] the highest-grossing war film unadjusted for inflation, (on an adjusted basis it stands second to Saving Private Ryan with $379 million).[44] the second highest-grossing R-rated film of all time (behind The Passion of the Christ),[45] Warner Bros' fourth highest-grossing film (behind The Dark Knight, The Dark Knight Rises and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 2),[46] and the eight highest-grossing Best Picture nominee film (behind Avatar, Titanic, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Toy Story 3, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King and The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers).[47] It became the seventh Warner Bros' film to earn over $300 million in the U.S. and Canada and the 50th film to reach the mark.[48] It earned as much as the combined earnings of all of the other 2014 Best Picture nominees.[49]
On March 8, 2015, it surpassed The Hunger Games: Mockingjay - Part 1 to become the highest-grossing film of 2014[47] making it Warner Bros' first non-franchise film since The Grinch (2000) and the first R-rated film since Saving Private Ryan (1998) to top the year-end rankings.[47]
§Premiere and limited release[edit]
American Sniper premiered at the AFI Fest on November 11, 2014, just after a screening of Selma at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre in Los Angeles.[50] In North America, the film opened to a limited release on December 25, 2014, playing at four theaters — two in New York, one in Los Angeles, and one in Dallas — and earned $610,000 in its opening weekend ($850,000 including Christmas Day) at an average of $152,500 per venue debuting at #22.[51][52] The following week the film earned $676,909 playing at the same number of locations at an average of $169,277 per theater, which is the second-biggest weekend average ever for a live-action movie (previously held by 2001's Moulin Rouge!).[53] American Sniper holds the record for the most entries in the top 20 Top Weekend Theater Averages with 3 entries. It earned a total of $3.4 million from limited release in three weekends.[54]
§Wide release[edit]
The film began its wide debut across the U.S. and Canada theaters on January 16, 2015 (Thursday night showings began at 7:00 pm).[55] It set an all-time highest Thursday night opening record for a R-rated drama with $5.3 million (previously held by Lone Survivor).[56][57][58] The film topped the box office on its opening day grossing $30.5 million (including Thursday previews) from 3,555 theaters setting January records for both biggest debut opening (previously held by Cloverfield) and single-day gross (previously held by Avatar).[59][60][61] In its traditional three-day opening the film earned $89.2 million which was double than expected and broke the record for the largest January opening (previously held by Ride Along)[62] and the largest winter opening,[63] which is also Eastwood's top opening as a director surpassing Gran Torino '​s opening.[64] The three-day opening is also the biggest opening weekend for a drama film (previously held by The Passion of the Christ),[65] the second biggest debut for a Best Picture Oscar nominee (behind Toy Story 3),[66] the second biggest debut for an R-rated film (behind The Matrix Reloaded), and the second biggest for a non-comic book, non-fantasy/sci-fi film (behind Fast and Furious 6).[66][67] It also set an IMAX opening record with $10.6 million setting record for a January IMAX weekend (previously held by Avatar in its fourth weekend) and an R-rated IMAX debut record (previously held by Prometheus).[68] It earned $107.2 million during its four-day Martin Luther King weekend setting a record for the biggest R-rated four day gross.[69]
In its second weekend, the film expanded to 3,705 theaters making it the widest launch for an R-rated movie.[70][71] It grossed an estimated $64.6 million in its second weekend, declining only by 28%—and set the record for the second-best hold ever for a movie opening to more than $85 million and also set the record for the eight largest second-weekend gross.[72][73] In just 10 days of release, the film surpassed Pearl Harbor ($198.5 million) to became the second highest-grossing war film in North America.[74] By its second weekend, Box Office Mojo had already reported that the film was on poise to become the highest-grossing film of 2014 in North America, a record that is currently held by The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 ($334 million), judging from its gradual decline and strong holdovers.[75] It became the highest-grossing IMAX film of January grossing $18.8 million from 333 IMAX theaters.[76] On Thursday, January 29, 2015 – 35 days after its initial release, the film surpassed Saving Private Ryan ($216.5 million) to become the highest-grossing war film in North America, unadjusted for inflation.[77]
By its third weekend of wide release, the film expanded to 3,885 theaters (180 additional theaters added), breaking its own record of being the widest R-rated film ever released.[78][79] The film topped the box office through its third weekend earning $30.66 million which is the second highest Super Bowl weekend gross (behind Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert).[80] After topping the box office for three consecutive weekends (the longest of 2015 so far), the film was overtaken by The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water in its fourth weekend.[49]
§Other territories[edit]
The film was moderately successful outside of the U.S. and Canada. It had the biggest debut weekend for a Clint Eastwood movie ever and went on to become the director’s top grossing movie of all time in each of the country it was released in.[81] It opened in Italy at No. 2 with $7.1 million which is Eastwood’s best opening of all time and Warner Bros' second biggest opening for a non-franchise U.S. film there[82] and topped the box office the following weekend.[83] France with $6.3 million,[84] Australia with $4.3 million ($4.6 million including previews),[85] the UK and Ireland with $3.8 million,[86] Spain with $3.2 million,[84] Japan with $2.8 million,[84] Mexico with $2.6 million,[84] Brazil with $1.8 million,[84] and Korea with $1.2 million.[84]
§Critical response[edit]
American Sniper has received mostly positive reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a "Certified Fresh" rating of 72%, based on 217 reviews from critics, with an average rating of 6.9/10. The site's consensus states, "Powered by Clint Eastwood's sure-handed direction and a gripping central performance from Bradley Cooper, American Sniper delivers a tense, vivid tribute to its real-life subject."[87] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 72 out of 100, based on reviews from 48 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[88] In CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend, cinema audiences gave American Sniper a rare grade of A+ on an A+ to F scale.[89]
Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter wrote: "A taut, vivid and sad account of the brief life of the most accomplished marksman in American military annals, American Sniper feels very much like a companion piece—in subject, theme and quality—to The Hurt Locker."[90] Justin Chang of Variety gave the film a positive review, saying "Hard-wiring the viewer into Kyle's battle-scarred psyche thanks to an excellent performance from a bulked-up Bradley Cooper, this harrowing and intimate character study offers fairly blunt insights into the physical and psychological toll exacted on the front lines, yet strikes even its familiar notes with a sobering clarity that finds the 84-year-old filmmaker in very fine form."[91] David Denby of The New Yorker gave the film a positive review, saying "Both a devastating war movie and a devastating antiwar movie, a subdued celebration of a warrior's skill and a sorrowful lament over his alienation and misery."[92] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a C+, saying "The film's just a repetition of context-free combat missions and one-dimensional targets."[93] Elizabeth Weitzman of New York Daily News gave the film four out of five stars, saying "The best movies are ever-shifting, intelligent and open-hearted enough to expand alongside an audience. American Sniper, Clint Eastwood's harrowing meditation on war, is built on this foundation of uncommon compassion."[94] Amy Nicholson of LA Weekly gave the film a C-, saying "Cautiously, Eastwood has chosen to omit Kyle's self-mythologizing altogether, which is itself a distortion of his character. We're not watching a biopic."[95] Kyle Smith of the New York Post gave the film four out of five stars, saying "After 40 years of Hollywood counterpropaganda telling us war is necessarily corrupting and malign, its ablest practitioners thugs, loons or victims, American Sniper nobly presents the case for the other side."[96]
Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film three and a half stars out of four, saying "Bradley Cooper, as Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, and director Eastwood salute Kyle's patriotism best by not denying its toll. Their targets are clearly in sight, and their aim is true."[97] Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club gave the film a B, saying "American Sniper is imperfect and at times a little corny, but also ambivalent and complicated in ways that are uniquely Eastwoodian."[98] James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave the film three and a half stars out of four, saying "American Sniper lifts director Clint Eastwood out of the doldrums that have plagued his last few films."[99] Rafer Guzman of Newsday gave the film three out of four stars, saying "Cooper nails the role of an American killing machine in Clint Eastwood's clear-eyed look at the Iraq War."[100] Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times gave the film a positive review, saying "Eastwood's impeccably crafted action sequences so catch us up in the chaos of combat we are almost not aware that we're watching a film at all."[101] Claudia Puig of USA Today gave the film three out of four stars, saying "It's clearly Cooper's show. Substantially bulked up and affecting a believable Texas drawl, Cooper embodies Kyle's confidence, intensity and vulnerability."[102] Joshua Rothkopf of Time Out New York gave the film four out of five stars, saying "Just as only Nixon could go to China, only Clint Eastwood could make a movie about an Iraq War veteran and infuse it with doubts, mission anxiety and ruination."[103] Inkoo Kang of The Wrap gave the film a negative review, saying "Director Clint Eastwood‘s focus on Kyle is so tight that no other character, including wife Taya (Sienna Miller), comes through as a person, and the scope so narrow that the film engages only superficially with the many moral issues surrounding the Iraq War."[104]
§Criticisms[edit]
Matt Taibbi, of Rolling Stone, wrote that the movie turned the complicated moral morass and mass-bloodshed of the Iraq occupation into a black and white fairy tale, without presenting the historical context.[105] John Wight of Russia Today stated that American Sniper depicted the Iraqi people as a dehumanized mass of savages, which the white man was in the process of civilizing.[106] Alex von Tunzelmann of The Guardian argued that the film presented a simplified black and white portrayal of the Iraq war, and that it features the distortion of facts into unreliable myths based upon previous legends.[107] David Masciotra of Salon criticized the movie's focus on physical rather than moral courage as the ultimate manly virtue.[108] Cavalry Scout Sniper Garett Reppenhagen stated that he did not view Iraqi civilians as savages, but as part of a friendly culture for which the movie has furthered ignorance, fear, and bigotry.[109] Cinematographer Paul Edwards wrote in CounterPunch that the film is dangerous due to mutilating the classic hero's journey into a simplistic, brutal, and sadistic destruction of "evildoers".[110] Several other articles have also been critical of the movie.[111][112][113][114][115]
Responding to critics, Eastwood said that American Sniper shows "what it (war) does to the people left behind",[116] and that presenting "the fact of what [war] does to the family and the people who have to go back into civilian life like Chris Kyle did" is the "biggest antiwar statement any film" can make.[117] He stated: "One of my favorite war movies that I've been involved with is Letters from Iwo Jima and that was about family, about being taken away from life, being sent someplace. In World War II, everybody just sort of went home and got over it. Now there is some effort to help people through it."[117] He also said: "I was a child growing up during World War II. That was supposed to be the one to end all wars. And four years later, I was standing at the draft board being drafted during the Korean conflict, and then after that there was Vietnam, and it goes on and on forever ... I just wonder ... does this ever stop? And no, it doesn't. So each time we get in these conflicts, it deserves a lot of thought before we go wading in or wading out. Going in or coming out. It needs a better thought process, I think."[118]
Bradley Cooper stated that much of the criticism ignores that the film was about widespread neglect of returning veterans, and that people who take issue with Kyle should redirect their attention to the leaders who put troops there in the first place. He said: "We looked at hopefully igniting attention about the lack of care that goes to vets. Discussion that has nothing to do with vets or what we did or did not do, every conversation in those terms is moving farther and farther from what our soldiers go through, and the fact that 22 veterans commit suicide each day." Cooper said that an increasing number of soldiers are returning from conflict psychologically damaged, only to be more or less discarded.[119]
First Lady Michelle Obama and Former GOP vice presidential nominee Sarah Palin also spoke out in support of the movie.[120][121][122]
§Accolades[edit]



List of awards and nominations

Award / Film festival
Category
Recipients
Result

Academy Awards[123] Best Picture Clint Eastwood, Robert Lorenz, Andrew Lazar, Bradley Cooper, Peter Morgan Nominated
Best Actor Bradley Cooper Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated
Best Film Editing Joel Cox and Gary D. Roach Nominated
Best Sound Editing Alan Robert Murray and Bub Asman Won
Best Sound Mixing John T. Reitz, Gregg Rudloff and Walt Martin Nominated
Art Directors Guild Awards[124] Excellence in Production Design for a Contemporary Film James J. Murakami, Charisse Cardenas Nominated
ACE Eddie Awards[125] Best Edited Feature Film – Dramatic Joel Cox and Gary D. Roach Nominated
American Film Institute Awards 2014[126] Top Ten Films of the Year  Won
British Academy Film Awards[127] Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated
Best Sound Walt Martin, John Reitz, Gregg Rudloff, Alan Robert Murray, Bub Asman Nominated
Cinema Audio Society Awards[128] Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Motion Picture – Live Action Walt Martin, Gregg Rudloff, John Reitz, Robert Fernandez, Thomas J. O’Connell, James Ashwell Nominated
Critics' Choice Award[129] Best Action Movie American Sniper Nominated
Best Actor in an Action Movie Bradley Cooper Won
Denver Film Critics Society[130][131] Best Picture American Sniper Won
Best Director Clint Eastwood Nominated
Best Actor Bradley Cooper (tied with Ralph Fiennes in The Grand Budapest Hotel) Won
Best Supporting Actress Sienna Miller Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated
Best Cinematography Tom Stern Nominated
Directors Guild of America Award[132] Outstanding Directing – Feature Film Clint Eastwood Nominated
Iowa Film Critics[133] Best Movie Yet to Open in Iowa American Sniper (tied with A Most Violent Year) Won
MPSE Golden Reel Awards[134] Feature English Language - Effects/Foley Bub Asman, Alan Robert Murray Won
National Board of Review[135] Top Ten Film  Won
Best Director Clint Eastwood Won
Producers Guild of America Awards[136] Best Theatrical Motion Picture Bradley Cooper, Clint Eastwood, Andrew Lazar, Robert Lorenz, Peter Morgan Nominated
Satellite Awards Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated
Best Editing Gary Roach and Joel Cox Nominated
Saturn Awards Best Thriller Film American Sniper Pending
Writers Guild of America Awards[137] Best Adapted Screenplay Jason Hall Nominated

§See also[edit]
List of films featuring the United States Navy SEALs
§References[edit]
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32.Jump up ^ GUSMAROLI, DANIELLE (15 May 2014). "Bradley Cooper shows off his bulkier frame on the set of American Sniper with co-star Sienna Miller after gaining a dramatic 40lbs for the role". dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
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61.Jump up ^ Maana Khatchatourian (January 17, 2015). "‘American Sniper’ Earns Record-Breaking $30.5 Mil Friday, Shoots for $80 Mil-Plus Weekend". Variety. Retrieved January 18, 2015.
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63.Jump up ^ "TOP OPENING WEEKENDS BY SEASON". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
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76.Jump up ^ David Lieberman (January 27, 2015). "IMAX Stock Buoyed By ‘Mission: Impossible’ Switch And Box Office Sales". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 30, 2015.
77.Jump up ^ Linda Ge (January 30, 2015). "‘American Sniper’ Overtakes ‘Saving Private Ryan’ as No. 1 Domestic Grossing War Movie of All Time". The Wrap. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
78.Jump up ^ Dave McNarry (January 28, 2015). "Box Office: ‘American Sniper’ to Dominate Super Bowl Weekend with $35 Million". Variety. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
79.Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (January 28, 2015). "Super Bowl Won’t Sideline ‘American Sniper': Box Office Preview". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
80.Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (February 2, 2015). "‘American Sniper’ Misses Super Bowl Record; Most Top 10 Films Off – Monday B.O. Actuals". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 3, 2015.
81.Jump up ^ Nancy Tartaglione (March 8, 2015). "‘American Sniper’ Shoots Past $500M At Global B.O.; More Eastwood Records Set". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
82.Jump up ^ Nancy Tartaglione (January 6, 2015). "‘Sniper’ Hits Bullseye For Eastwood In Italy, ‘Hobbit’ Grows: Intl BO Update". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
83.Jump up ^ Nancy Tartaglione (January 13, 2015). "Strong Frame For Fox, Eastwood, Local Pics At International Box Office: Update". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
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87.Jump up ^ "American Sniper". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved January 30, 2015.
88.Jump up ^ "American Sniper Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
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90.Jump up ^ Todd McCarthy. "'American Sniper': AFI Fest Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
91.Jump up ^ Justin Chang. "‘American Sniper’ Review: Bradley Cooper Stars in Clint Eastwood’s Powerful War Movie". Variety. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
92.Jump up ^ David Denby (December 22, 2014). ""Selma" and "American Sniper" Reviews". The New Yorker. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
93.Jump up ^ Chris Nashawaty. "American Sniper Review". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
94.Jump up ^ Elizabeth Weitzman. "'American Sniper': Movie review". NY Daily News. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
95.Jump up ^ Amy Nicholson (December 22, 2014). "American Sniper Is a Rah-Rah War-on-Terror Fantasy". LA Weekly. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
96.Jump up ^ Kyle Smith. "‘American Sniper’ is the year’s most extraordinary film". New York Post. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
97.Jump up ^ Peter Travers. "'American Sniper' Movie Review". Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
98.Jump up ^ Ignatiy Vishnevetsky. "Review: Clint Eastwood’s American Sniper is a war movie that’s tensest on the home front". The A.V. Club. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
99.Jump up ^ James Berardinelli. "Reelviews Movie Reviews". ReelViews. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
100.Jump up ^ Rafer Guzman. "'American Sniper' review: Bradley Cooper nails the role". Newsday.
101.Jump up ^ Kenneth Turan (December 24, 2014). "Review: 'American Sniper' goes above and beyond war-hero tradition - LA Times". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
102.Jump up ^ Claudia Puig (December 23, 2014). "Bradley Cooper's aim is true in 'American Sniper'". USA Today. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
103.Jump up ^ Joshua Rothkopf. "American Sniper". Time Out New York. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
104.Jump up ^ Inkoo Kang. "'American Sniper' Review: War Plays Out Like a Video Game in Clint Eastwood's Navy SEAL Biopic". TheWrap. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
105.Jump up ^ Taibbi, Matt (21 Jan 2015). "'American Sniper' is almost too dumb to criticize". Rolling Stone Magazine. Retrieved 6 Feb 2015.
106.Jump up ^ Wight, John (23 Jan 2015). "Hollywood uses ‘American Sniper’ to destroy history & create myth". Russia Today. Retrieved 6 Feb 2015.
107.Jump up ^ Von Tunzelmann, Alex (20 Jan 2015). "Is American Sniper historically accurate?". The Guardian. Retrieved 31 Jan 2015.
108.Jump up ^ Masciotra, David (1 Feb 2015). "Civil war at the cineplex: "American Sniper," "Selma" and the battle over American masculinity". Salon. Retrieved 2 Feb 2015.
109.Jump up ^ Reppenhagen, Garett (1 Feb 2015). "I was an American sniper, and Chris Kyle’s war was not my war". Salon. Retrieved 2 Feb 2015.
110.Jump up ^ Edwards, Paul (4 Feb 2015). "The Sociopath as Hero". CounterPunch. Retrieved 6 Feb 2015.
111.Jump up ^ Hedges, Chris (25 Jan 2015). "Killing Ragheads for Jesus". Truthdig. Retrieved 26 Jan 2015.
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113.Jump up ^ Beauchamp, Zack (21 Jan 2015). "American Sniper is a dishonest whitewash of the Iraq war". Vox. Retrieved 28 Jan 2015.
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117.^ Jump up to: a b Kilday, Gregg (January 24, 2015). "Clint Eastwood on 'American Sniper's' "Biggest Antiwar Statement"". The Hollywood Reporter.
118.Jump up ^ Howell, Peter (January 16, 2015). "Think before you shoot, Clint Eastwood says of war: interview". The Star.
119.Jump up ^ Buckley, Cara (February 2, 2015). "Bradley Cooper Says ‘American Sniper’ Debate Ignores Plight of Veterans". The New York Times.
120.Jump up ^ "Remarks by the First Lady at Got Your Six Screenwriters Event - Conversation on the Power of Telling Veterans' Stories". WhiteHouse.gov. 30 January 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
121.Jump up ^ "First Lady Michelle Obama Offers Praise for ‘American Sniper’". Variety. 30 January 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
122.Jump up ^ Sarah Palin To Critics Of 'American Sniper' Movie: God Bless Our Snipers, Ahiza Garcia, January 21, 2015, Talking Points Memo
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124.Jump up ^ "'Birdman', 'Foxcatcher' Among Art Directors Guild Nominees". Deadline.com. January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
125.Jump up ^ "‘American Sniper,’ ‘Boyhood,’ ‘Gone Girl’ Among ACE Eddie Award Nominees (FULL LIST)". Variety. January 2, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
126.Jump up ^ "AFI List of Top Ten Films Expands to Include 11 Movies". The Hollywood Reporter. December 9, 2014. Retrieved December 9, 2014.
127.Jump up ^ "BAFTA Nominations: ‘Grand Budapest Hotel’ Leads With 11 – Full List". Deadline.com. January 8, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
128.Jump up ^ "Cinema Audio Society Nominates 'American Sniper,' 'True Detective' and More". Indiewire. January 13, 2015. Retrieved January 13, 2015.
129.Jump up ^ Erik Pedersen. "Critics’ Choice Awards Winners 2015 — Full List: ‘Boyhood’, ‘Birdman’ - Deadline". Deadline.
130.Jump up ^ "Denver critics nominate 'American Sniper,' 'Birdman' and 'Inherent Vice'". Hitfix. January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
131.Jump up ^ "Denver critics name Clint Eastwood's 'American Sniper' the year's best film". Hitfix. January 12, 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2015.
132.Jump up ^ "DGA Awards Film Nominations: Anderson, Eastwood, Inarritu, Linklater, Tyldum". Deadline.com. January 13, 2015. Retrieved January 13, 2015.
133.Jump up ^ "'Boyhood' is Iowa Critics' Best Picture of 2014". Hitfix. January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
134.Jump up ^ "'Birdman,' 'Apes' Top 2015 Golden Reel Nominations". Deadline.com. January 14, 2015. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
135.Jump up ^ "National Board of Review Announces 2014 Award Winners". National Board of Review. December 2, 2014. Retrieved December 2, 2014.
136.Jump up ^ "'American Sniper,' 'Birdman' & 'Boyhood' Among PGA Awards Nominees". Deadline.com. January 5, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
137.Jump up ^ "Writers Guild Awards Nominations: 'Whiplash', 'Gone Girl', 'Guardians' On Diverse List". Deadline.com. January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
§External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: American Sniper (film)
Official website
American Sniper at the Internet Movie Database
American Sniper at AllMovie
American Sniper at Box Office Mojo
American Sniper at Metacritic
American Sniper at Rotten Tomatoes


[hide]
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Films directed by Clint Eastwood


Play Misty for Me (1971) ·
 High Plains Drifter (1973) ·
 Breezy (1973) ·
 The Eiger Sanction (1975) ·
 The Outlaw Josey Wales (1976) ·
 The Gauntlet (1977) ·
 Bronco Billy (1980) ·
 Firefox (1982) ·
 Honkytonk Man (1982) ·
 Sudden Impact (1983) ·
 Pale Rider (1985) ·
 Heartbreak Ridge (1986) ·
 Bird (1988) ·
 White Hunter Black Heart (1990) ·
 The Rookie (1990) ·
 Unforgiven (1992) ·
 A Perfect World (1993) ·
 The Bridges of Madison County (1995) ·
 Absolute Power (1997) ·
 Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil (1997) ·
 True Crime (1999) ·
 Space Cowboys (2000) ·
 Blood Work (2002) ·
 Mystic River (2003) ·
 Million Dollar Baby (2004) ·
 Flags of Our Fathers (2006) ·
 Letters from Iwo Jima (2006) ·
 Changeling (2008) ·
 Gran Torino (2008) ·
 Invictus (2009) ·
 Hereafter (2010) ·
 J. Edgar (2011) ·
 Jersey Boys (2014) ·
 American Sniper (2014)
 

  


Categories: 2014 films
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2010s drama films
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Films about snipers
Films based on non-fiction books
Films directed by Clint Eastwood
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Sniper_(film)