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Olin R. Moyle

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Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses

Overview

Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
 and Tract Society
Corporations

History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions

Demographics
By country


Beliefs ·
 Practices
 
Salvation ·
 Eschatology

The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
 God's name

Blood ·
 Discipline


Literature

The Watchtower ·
 Awake!

New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography

Teaching programs

Kingdom Hall ·
 Gilead School


People

Watch Tower presidents

W. H. Conley ·
 C. T. Russell

J. F. Rutherford ·
 N. H. Knorr

F. W. Franz ·
 M. G. Henschel

D. A. Adams

Formative influences

William Miller ·
 Henry Grew

George Storrs ·
 N. H. Barbour

John Nelson Darby


Notable former members

Raymond Franz ·
 Olin Moyle


Opposition

Criticism ·
 Persecution

Supreme Court cases
 by country

v ·
 t ·
 e
   
Olin Richmond Moyle (1887–1966) was legal counsel for the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society[1] from 1935 to 1939. He helped represent Jehovah's Witnesses in two cases before the United States Supreme Court, which set new precedents on First Amendment freedoms.[2] A dispute with Watch Tower Society president J. F. Rutherford led to Moyle's expulsion from the religion.[3] Moyle later sued the Watch Tower Society for libel over an article in its magazine, The Watchtower. In his later years, he became one of the leaders of the United Israel World Union, a movement that sought to convert people, particularly Christians, to Judaism.

Contents  [hide]
1 Watch Tower Society association
2 Resignation
3 Libel lawsuit
4 Later life
5 References
6 External links

Watch Tower Society association[edit]
Moyle began associating with Charles Taze Russell's Bible Students group about 1910.[citation needed] In 1935 Moyle, his wife and son left their home in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin and moved into the Brooklyn, New York headquarters of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society to serve as its legal counsel, heading its newly formed Legal Department. The department had been established by Rutherford to help Jehovah's Witnesses throughout the US mount court cases to defend themselves amid increasing opposition to their preaching and stance on flag salute.[4] Rutherford and Moyle jointly represented the Watch Tower Society in various lawsuits.[5] In 1938, Moyle won the Lovell v. City of Griffin case before the Supreme Court of the United States[6] and the same year sent a letter to President Roosevelt condemning his support of "Fascist" Catholicism.[7]
Resignation[edit]
On July 21, 1939, Moyle wrote an open letter of resignation to Rutherford, protesting over conditions at "Bethel", the Watch Tower Society's Brooklyn headquarters, including what he described as ill treatment of workers, discrimination by Rutherford, the use and encouragement of "filthy and vulgar language" and a "glorification" of alcohol.[8] Moyle said that Rutherford had "many many homes, to wit, Bethel, Staten Island, California" and deplored "the difference between the accommodations furnished to you, and your personal attendants, compared with those furnished to some of your brethren".[9]
Moyle had been handling the famous Minersville School District v. Gobitis case, and had won at the trial court level as well as at the appellate level. However, after Moyle's removal from the case, the Minersville School District appealed the Gobitis case to the Supreme Court. Rutherford himself argued the case before the Supreme Court in 1940, and the Court ruled against Jehovah's Witnesses by a vote of 8-1. This ruling triggered a nationwide wave of violence against Jehovah's Witnesses that lasted for the next several months.[citation needed] Three years later the Supreme Court overruled this decision in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943), argued by Moyle's successor, Hayden Covington.
Libel lawsuit[edit]
Although Moyle had advised his resignation would take effect on September 1, the Watch Tower board dismissed him immediately and he returned to his home congregation in Wisconsin. On October 15, 1939 the directors responded in the pages of The Watchtower,[10] stating that "every paragraph of that letter is false, filled with lies, and is a wicked slander and a libel".[11] The article compared his actions with those of Judas Iscariot.

For four years past the writer of that letter has been entrusted with the confidential matters of the Society. It now appears that the writer of that letter, without excuse, libels the family of God at Bethel, and identifies himself as one who speaks evil against the Lord's organization, and who is a murmurer and complainer, even as the scriptures have foretold. (Jude 4-16; 1Cor. 4:3; Rom 14:4) The members of the board of directors hereby resent the unjust criticism appearing in that letter, disapprove of the writer and his actions, and recommend the president of the Society immediately terminate the relationship of O. R. Moyle to the Society as legal counsel and as a member of the Bethel family.
— Joseph F. Rutherford,  The Watchtower, 1939-10-15
Moyle was disfellowshipped by his congregation,[4] which wrote a letter to The Watchtower stating that they had not read Moyle's letter, but disapproved of his actions and "never listen to accusations against Brother Rutherford".[4][12] In 1940, Moyle sued the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania and the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York over the response in The Watchtower. Rutherford presented a public resolution at a 1941 convention against Moyle, with reference to the September 15, 1941 issue of The Watchtower.[13] Moyle won his suit, and the court awarded him $30,000 in damages, which was reduced to $15,000 on appeal in 1944.[14]
The initial jury verdict was affirmed twice on appeal; first by the five member Appellate Division, 2nd Department (3-2); and second, unanimously, by the seven members of the state's highest court, The Court of Appeals, in the capitol at Albany.[15]
Later life[edit]
Moyle later served as the vice president of the Jefferson County Bar Association in Wisconsin,[16] and was recognized by Rand McNally in its national list of "bank recommended attorneys".[17]
Moyle became involved with David Horowitz and the work of the United Israel World Union, formed in 1944 to "preach a universal Hebraic faith for all humankind".[18] The 1978 edition of The Encyclopedia of American Religions describes "former Jehovah's Witness Olin Moyle" as having been "[a]mong the leaders" of the movement, "a vigorous missionary program to convert people, particularly Christians, to Judaism".[19]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Master List of Special Collections in the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections", Princeton University Library, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, As Retrieved 2013-11-30, "Moyle, Olin R. (Olin Richmond), 1887-1966, Olin R. Moyle Papers, Consists of works, correspondence, three diaries (1931-1951), a scrapbook, printed matter, and newspaper clippings of Moyle, an attorney for the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. The collection contains a typed manuscript with corrections of Moyle's unpublished book Christ's Glorious Church and descriptions of various legal proceedings, particularly those of Joseph F. Rutherford, in which Moyle was one of the society's attorneys."
2.Jump up ^ "Schneider v. New Jersey". See also Lovell v. City of Griffin
3.Jump up ^ Herbert W. Stroup, The Jehovah's Witnesses, Columbia University Press, 1945, page 26.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c Wills, Tony (2006). A People For His Name. Lulu Enterprises. pp. 21–224. ISBN 978-1-4303-0100-4.
5.Jump up ^ FindLaw, U.S. Supreme Court SCHNEIDER v. NEW JERSEY, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)
6.Jump up ^ "Correspondence from Rutherford to Moyle re: the Griffin case".
7.Jump up ^ "1938 letter to Roosevelt" (PDF).
8.Jump up ^ "Moyle's open letter to Rutherford".
9.Jump up ^ Olin R. Moyle's Letter to J. F. Rutherford
10.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, October 15, 1939, pages 316, 317. Wills reproduces the article in A People For His Name, pages 202-203.
11.Jump up ^ Blizard, Paul. "Watch the Tower website". Archived from the original on 2009-10-28.
12.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, July 1, 1940, page 207.
13.Jump up ^ "1941 Watchtower Resolution against Moyle" (PDF). September 15, 1941. p. 285.
14.Jump up ^ December 20, 1944 Consolation, p. 21
15.Jump up ^ Moyle v. Rutherford et al., 261 App. Div. 968; 26 N.Y.S. 2d 860; Moyle v. Franz et al., 267 App. Div. 423; 46 N.Y.S. 2d 607; Moyle v. Franz et al., 47 N.Y.S. 484.
16.Jump up ^ The Wisconsin Bar Bulletin, Volume 23, ©1950 University of California, page 33
17.Jump up ^ Rand McNally List of Bank-recommended Attorneys, ©1952, Rand McNally & Co., page 575
18.Jump up ^ "David Horowitz: A Life Remembered", UnitedIsrael.org, official web site of United Israel World Union, Retrieved 2010-08-16, "David Horowitz had a sharp break with Moses Guibbory and in 1944 formed his own organization which he called the United Israel World Union. The purpose of the organization was to preach a universal Hebraic faith for all humankind based on the Decalogue and the other universal commandments of the Torah."
19.Jump up ^ The Encyclopedia of American Religions, Volume 2 by J. Gordon Melton, McGrath Pub. Co., 1978, page 327
External links[edit]
PDF of Olin R. Moyle v. Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, New York Supreme Court, 1940
UnitedIsrael.org – Official web site of United Israel World Union



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olin_R._Moyle










Olin R. Moyle

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Part of a series on
Jehovah's Witnesses

Overview

Organizational structure
Governing Body
Watch Tower Bible
 and Tract Society
Corporations

History
Bible Student movement
Leadership dispute
Splinter groups
Doctrinal development
Unfulfilled predictions

Demographics
By country


Beliefs ·
 Practices
 
Salvation ·
 Eschatology

The 144,000
Faithful and discreet slave
Hymns ·
 God's name

Blood ·
 Discipline


Literature

The Watchtower ·
 Awake!

New World Translation
List of publications
Bibliography

Teaching programs

Kingdom Hall ·
 Gilead School


People

Watch Tower presidents

W. H. Conley ·
 C. T. Russell

J. F. Rutherford ·
 N. H. Knorr

F. W. Franz ·
 M. G. Henschel

D. A. Adams

Formative influences

William Miller ·
 Henry Grew

George Storrs ·
 N. H. Barbour

John Nelson Darby


Notable former members

Raymond Franz ·
 Olin Moyle


Opposition

Criticism ·
 Persecution

Supreme Court cases
 by country

v ·
 t ·
 e
   
Olin Richmond Moyle (1887–1966) was legal counsel for the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society[1] from 1935 to 1939. He helped represent Jehovah's Witnesses in two cases before the United States Supreme Court, which set new precedents on First Amendment freedoms.[2] A dispute with Watch Tower Society president J. F. Rutherford led to Moyle's expulsion from the religion.[3] Moyle later sued the Watch Tower Society for libel over an article in its magazine, The Watchtower. In his later years, he became one of the leaders of the United Israel World Union, a movement that sought to convert people, particularly Christians, to Judaism.

Contents  [hide]
1 Watch Tower Society association
2 Resignation
3 Libel lawsuit
4 Later life
5 References
6 External links

Watch Tower Society association[edit]
Moyle began associating with Charles Taze Russell's Bible Students group about 1910.[citation needed] In 1935 Moyle, his wife and son left their home in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin and moved into the Brooklyn, New York headquarters of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society to serve as its legal counsel, heading its newly formed Legal Department. The department had been established by Rutherford to help Jehovah's Witnesses throughout the US mount court cases to defend themselves amid increasing opposition to their preaching and stance on flag salute.[4] Rutherford and Moyle jointly represented the Watch Tower Society in various lawsuits.[5] In 1938, Moyle won the Lovell v. City of Griffin case before the Supreme Court of the United States[6] and the same year sent a letter to President Roosevelt condemning his support of "Fascist" Catholicism.[7]
Resignation[edit]
On July 21, 1939, Moyle wrote an open letter of resignation to Rutherford, protesting over conditions at "Bethel", the Watch Tower Society's Brooklyn headquarters, including what he described as ill treatment of workers, discrimination by Rutherford, the use and encouragement of "filthy and vulgar language" and a "glorification" of alcohol.[8] Moyle said that Rutherford had "many many homes, to wit, Bethel, Staten Island, California" and deplored "the difference between the accommodations furnished to you, and your personal attendants, compared with those furnished to some of your brethren".[9]
Moyle had been handling the famous Minersville School District v. Gobitis case, and had won at the trial court level as well as at the appellate level. However, after Moyle's removal from the case, the Minersville School District appealed the Gobitis case to the Supreme Court. Rutherford himself argued the case before the Supreme Court in 1940, and the Court ruled against Jehovah's Witnesses by a vote of 8-1. This ruling triggered a nationwide wave of violence against Jehovah's Witnesses that lasted for the next several months.[citation needed] Three years later the Supreme Court overruled this decision in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943), argued by Moyle's successor, Hayden Covington.
Libel lawsuit[edit]
Although Moyle had advised his resignation would take effect on September 1, the Watch Tower board dismissed him immediately and he returned to his home congregation in Wisconsin. On October 15, 1939 the directors responded in the pages of The Watchtower,[10] stating that "every paragraph of that letter is false, filled with lies, and is a wicked slander and a libel".[11] The article compared his actions with those of Judas Iscariot.

For four years past the writer of that letter has been entrusted with the confidential matters of the Society. It now appears that the writer of that letter, without excuse, libels the family of God at Bethel, and identifies himself as one who speaks evil against the Lord's organization, and who is a murmurer and complainer, even as the scriptures have foretold. (Jude 4-16; 1Cor. 4:3; Rom 14:4) The members of the board of directors hereby resent the unjust criticism appearing in that letter, disapprove of the writer and his actions, and recommend the president of the Society immediately terminate the relationship of O. R. Moyle to the Society as legal counsel and as a member of the Bethel family.
— Joseph F. Rutherford,  The Watchtower, 1939-10-15
Moyle was disfellowshipped by his congregation,[4] which wrote a letter to The Watchtower stating that they had not read Moyle's letter, but disapproved of his actions and "never listen to accusations against Brother Rutherford".[4][12] In 1940, Moyle sued the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania and the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York over the response in The Watchtower. Rutherford presented a public resolution at a 1941 convention against Moyle, with reference to the September 15, 1941 issue of The Watchtower.[13] Moyle won his suit, and the court awarded him $30,000 in damages, which was reduced to $15,000 on appeal in 1944.[14]
The initial jury verdict was affirmed twice on appeal; first by the five member Appellate Division, 2nd Department (3-2); and second, unanimously, by the seven members of the state's highest court, The Court of Appeals, in the capitol at Albany.[15]
Later life[edit]
Moyle later served as the vice president of the Jefferson County Bar Association in Wisconsin,[16] and was recognized by Rand McNally in its national list of "bank recommended attorneys".[17]
Moyle became involved with David Horowitz and the work of the United Israel World Union, formed in 1944 to "preach a universal Hebraic faith for all humankind".[18] The 1978 edition of The Encyclopedia of American Religions describes "former Jehovah's Witness Olin Moyle" as having been "[a]mong the leaders" of the movement, "a vigorous missionary program to convert people, particularly Christians, to Judaism".[19]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Master List of Special Collections in the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections", Princeton University Library, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, As Retrieved 2013-11-30, "Moyle, Olin R. (Olin Richmond), 1887-1966, Olin R. Moyle Papers, Consists of works, correspondence, three diaries (1931-1951), a scrapbook, printed matter, and newspaper clippings of Moyle, an attorney for the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. The collection contains a typed manuscript with corrections of Moyle's unpublished book Christ's Glorious Church and descriptions of various legal proceedings, particularly those of Joseph F. Rutherford, in which Moyle was one of the society's attorneys."
2.Jump up ^ "Schneider v. New Jersey". See also Lovell v. City of Griffin
3.Jump up ^ Herbert W. Stroup, The Jehovah's Witnesses, Columbia University Press, 1945, page 26.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c Wills, Tony (2006). A People For His Name. Lulu Enterprises. pp. 21–224. ISBN 978-1-4303-0100-4.
5.Jump up ^ FindLaw, U.S. Supreme Court SCHNEIDER v. NEW JERSEY, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)
6.Jump up ^ "Correspondence from Rutherford to Moyle re: the Griffin case".
7.Jump up ^ "1938 letter to Roosevelt" (PDF).
8.Jump up ^ "Moyle's open letter to Rutherford".
9.Jump up ^ Olin R. Moyle's Letter to J. F. Rutherford
10.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, October 15, 1939, pages 316, 317. Wills reproduces the article in A People For His Name, pages 202-203.
11.Jump up ^ Blizard, Paul. "Watch the Tower website". Archived from the original on 2009-10-28.
12.Jump up ^ The Watchtower, July 1, 1940, page 207.
13.Jump up ^ "1941 Watchtower Resolution against Moyle" (PDF). September 15, 1941. p. 285.
14.Jump up ^ December 20, 1944 Consolation, p. 21
15.Jump up ^ Moyle v. Rutherford et al., 261 App. Div. 968; 26 N.Y.S. 2d 860; Moyle v. Franz et al., 267 App. Div. 423; 46 N.Y.S. 2d 607; Moyle v. Franz et al., 47 N.Y.S. 484.
16.Jump up ^ The Wisconsin Bar Bulletin, Volume 23, ©1950 University of California, page 33
17.Jump up ^ Rand McNally List of Bank-recommended Attorneys, ©1952, Rand McNally & Co., page 575
18.Jump up ^ "David Horowitz: A Life Remembered", UnitedIsrael.org, official web site of United Israel World Union, Retrieved 2010-08-16, "David Horowitz had a sharp break with Moses Guibbory and in 1944 formed his own organization which he called the United Israel World Union. The purpose of the organization was to preach a universal Hebraic faith for all humankind based on the Decalogue and the other universal commandments of the Torah."
19.Jump up ^ The Encyclopedia of American Religions, Volume 2 by J. Gordon Melton, McGrath Pub. Co., 1978, page 327
External links[edit]
PDF of Olin R. Moyle v. Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, New York Supreme Court, 1940
UnitedIsrael.org – Official web site of United Israel World Union



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: Former Jehovah's Witnesses
1887 births
1966 deaths
Critics of Jehovah's Witnesses






Navigation menu



Create account
Log in



Article

Talk









Read

Edit

View history

















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Cite this page

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This page was last modified on 30 August 2014, at 15:53.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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Powered by MediaWiki
 

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olin_R._Moyle









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Dave Mustaine

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Dave Mustaine
Megadeth @ Arena Joondalup (12 12 2010) (5272639121).jpg
Mustaine performing with Megadeth at the No Sleep Til Festival in Perth (2010)

Background information

Birth name
David Scott Mustaine
Born
September 13, 1961 (age 53)
La Mesa, California, United States
Genres
Thrash metal
Occupation(s)
Musician, singer-songwriter, producer, actor, author, talent manager
Instruments
Guitar, vocals
Years active
1978–2002, 2004–present
Labels
Loud, Combat, Capitol, Sanctuary, Roadrunner, Tradecraft
Associated acts
Megadeth, Metallica, MD.45, Red Lamb[1]
Website
www.megadeth.com
Notable instruments
Various Dean VMNT Signature model
Jackson King V Signature model
ESP DV8 Signature model
David Scott "Dave" Mustaine (born September 13, 1961) is an American musician. He was the original lead guitarist for the American heavy metal band Metallica and is the co-founder,[2] rhythm and lead guitarist, and lead singer of the American thrash metal band Megadeth.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Early career 2.1 Panic
2.2 Metallica
2.3 Fallen Angels
3 Megadeth 3.1 The 1980s
3.2 The 1990s
3.3 The 2000s
3.4 The 2010s
4 Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock
5 Gigantour
6 Equipment
7 Guitar playing
8 Personal life 8.1 Christianity
8.2 Politics 8.2.1 Criticism of Barack Obama and 2012 U.S. Presidential election
8.3 Martial arts
9 Cameo appearances
10 See also
11 References
12 Bibliography
13 External links

Early life[edit]
David Mustaine was born in La Mesa, California, to Emily (née David) and John Mustaine. His father was of French and Finnish descent and his mother was Jewish.[3][4] He was brought up as a Jehovah's Witness.[5]
Early career[edit]
Panic[edit]
Panic was Mustaine's first band. The lineup was Mike Leftwych on drums, Bob Evans on bass, Tom Quecke on rhythm guitar, Pat Voeks as the vocalist and Dave Mustaine was the lead guitarist. Both Mike Leftwych and the sound man were killed in a car crash after Panic's second show.[6]
Metallica[edit]
In 1981, Mustaine left Panic to join Metallica as the lead guitarist. Metallica's drummer Lars Ulrich had posted an ad in a local newspaper, The Recycler, looking for a lead guitarist. In his own words, Mustaine remembers his first meeting with James Hetfield and Lars Ulrich: "I was in the room warming up and I walked out and asked, 'Well, am I gonna audition or what?', and they said, 'No, you've got the job.' I couldn't believe how easy it had been and suggested that we get some beer to celebrate."[7]
Mustaine's membership in Metallica ended before recording Kill 'Em All in 1983. Brian Slagel, owner of Metal Blade Records, recalls in an interview: "Dave was an incredibly talented guy but he also had an incredibly large problem with alcohol and drugs. He'd get wasted and become a real crazy person, a raging megalomaniac, and the other guys just couldn't deal with that after a while. I mean, they all drank of course, but Dave drank more ... much more. I could see they were beginning to get fed up of seeing Dave drunk out of his mind all the time."[8]
On one occasion, Mustaine brought his dog to rehearsal; the dog jumped onto the car of Metallica bassist Ron McGovney and scratched the paint. Hetfield allegedly yelled at Mustaine's dog and kicked it in anger, to which Mustaine responded by physically attacking Hetfield and McGovney and verbally abusing Ulrich. Mustaine was fired following the altercation, but the next day, Mustaine asked to be allowed back in the band and was granted his request. Another incident occurred when Mustaine, who had been drinking, poured a full can of beer down the neck and into the pick-ups of Ron McGovney's bass. When McGovney tried playing it, he received an electrical shock, which he claims 'blew him across the room and shocked the hell out of him'. McGovney then told Mustaine and Hetfield to leave his house and left the band shortly after.
On April 11, 1983, after Metallica had driven to New York to record their debut album, Mustaine was officially fired from the band because of his alcoholism, drug abuse, overly aggressive behavior, and personality clashes with founding members Hetfield and Ulrich, an incident Mustaine refers to as "no warning, no second chance". The band packed up Dave's gear, drove him to the Port Authority Bus Terminal, and put him on a Greyhound bus bound for Los Angeles.[7] It was on this bus ride that Mustaine scribbled some lyrical ideas on the back of a hand bill, which would later become the song "Set the World Afire" from the 1988 Megadeth album So Far, So Good... So What!
During his time in Metallica, Dave Mustaine toured with the band, co-wrote four songs that appeared on Kill Em All, and co-wrote two songs that would eventually appear on Ride the Lightning. Mustaine has also made unverified claims to have written parts of "Leper Messiah" from Master of Puppets.[7] He also recorded several songs with the band including the No Life 'Til Leather demo tape. A few of the songs he wrote with Hetfield and Ulrich went on to be re-recorded by Metallica. The most well-known of these is "The Four Horsemen" from Kill 'Em All, which Mustaine wrote as "The Mechanix" and later released on Megadeth's debut album with the original lyrics as "Mechanix".[citation needed]
Fallen Angels[edit]
Fallen Angels was the name of the short-lived band that Mustaine founded after his departure from Metallica. In April 1983, after returning to California to live with his mother, he landed what he calls his first real job with the aid of Robbie McKinney. McKinney and a friend, Matt Kisselstein, worked with Mustaine as telemarketers. Mustaine quit his job after earning enough money to move to an apartment in Hollywood, and recruited McKinney, who played guitar, and Kisselstein, who played bass, for his band Fallen Angels.[9] In his biography, Mustaine describes that "We lacked the chemistry, the energy, the spark—or whatever you want to call it—that gives a band life in its infancy."[9] The partnership did not last.[9]
This paved the way for his partnership for Dave Ellefson and Greg Handevidt. Ellefson was playing the opening bass line of Van Halen's 'Running with the Devil' in the apartment below Mustaine's.[10] After stomping on the floor and shouting for them to stop, Mustaine, being hung over at the time, took a potted plant and threw it out of his window and hit the air conditioner of the apartment below.[10] This resulted in the 2 coming up to Mustaine's apartment to ask for cigarettes. Mustaine replied "There's a store on the corner" and slammed the door in their faces.[10] A few minutes later, they knocked on the door, this time asking if he could buy them beer.[11] Mustaine's reply: 'Ok, now you are talking'. They spent the night talking about music, and soon after, Mustaine, Ellefson and Handevidt were then bandmates.
With little confidence in his own vocal capabilities, Mustaine added 'Lor' Kane (real name Lawrence Renna) to the Fallen Angels roster. Kane did not stay long, although is credited for the suggestion that they should change the name to Megadeth, knowing that Mustaine had written a song of the same name.[12] After Kane left, the first of many drummers, Dijon Carruthers, joined the band. The lineup of Mustaine, Ellefson, Handevidt and Carruthers would be the first incarnation of Megadeth.[13]
Megadeth[edit]
Main article: Megadeth
The 1980s[edit]
After a series of unsuccessful vocalist auditions, Mustaine elected to take on vocal duties himself in addition to playing lead guitar. In 1984, Megadeth cut a three-song demo with drummer Lee Rausch, who replaced Carruthers after Mustaine and Ellefson decided they couldn't trust him. Carruthers had chosen to hide his black heritage from them by claiming he was Spanish, and they couldn't understand why he would deceive them since they weren't racist.[14] Kerry King joined the band for a few shows; however, he opted to leave Megadeth after less than a week so he could continue working on his own band, Slayer. Jazz-influenced drummer Gar Samuelson replaced Raush, who left after Mustaine convinced him to play with a broken foot.[13] Megadeth recorded a demo as a three-piece band, which captured the attention of guitarist Chris Poland, also a jazz player and a friend of Samuelson, who subsequently joined the band.[15] In November, the band signed a deal with Combat Records and began touring.
In May 1985, Megadeth released their first album, Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!, on Combat Records. That summer, the band toured the U.S. and Canada with Exciter. Guitarist Mike Albert replaced Chris Poland for a while because Poland was charged for possession of heroin. After Poland was released, he rejoined the band in October and the band then began recording their second studio album for Combat. On New Year's Eve of that year, Megadeth played in San Francisco with Exodus and Metal Church. Metallica was the headliner. This was the only time Megadeth and Metallica were on the same card, until 1991.
In 1986, after recording Killing Is My Business..., Mustaine approached Jackson Guitars for a custom-built guitar. Jackson modified their existing Jackson King V model for Mustaine by adding 2 more frets to the standard 22 fret King V. In the 1990s the company began mass-producing a Dave Mustaine signature series Jackson King V, which continued into the early 2000s. This model uses Seymour Duncan SH-4 pickups, also known as TB-4 pickups.
The following year, major label Capitol Records signed Megadeth and obtained the rights to their second album, Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?, from Combat. Megadeth opened a U.S. tour with King Diamond and Motörhead. This album, released in November, is regarded as a landmark metal album. It produced the notable title track (the opening bass lick of which was used by "MTV News" segments) as well as the thrash anthem "Wake Up Dead". The videos for both songs became staples on MTV's Headbanger's Ball.
In February 1987, Megadeth opened for Alice Cooper on his Constrictor tour. The band also toured with King Diamond whose previous band, Mercyful Fate, were a huge influence on Megadeth. In March, Megadeth's first world tour began in the U.K. Mustaine and Ellefson guested on the band Malice's License To Kill album. Megadeth re-recorded "These Boots" for the soundtrack to the film "Dudes", and that summer went on tour with Overkill and Necros. Amid drug problems and suspicions of stealing the band's equipment and pawning it for drug money, Mustaine fired Poland and Samuelson after their last show in Hawaii.
Chuck Behler, who had been Samuelson's drum tech, became Megadeth's new drummer with guitarist Jeff Young replacing Poland. Megadeth released their third album, So Far, So Good... So What!, in January 1988. The album contains the song "In My Darkest Hour", which, according to the liner notes of So Far, So Good... So What!, was composed after the death of Metallica's bass player Cliff Burton, despite the lyrics having nothing to do with Burton. "Hook in Mouth" attacked the Parents Music Resource Center with gusto, although their cover of the Sex Pistols' "Anarchy in the UK", despite a guest appearance from ex-Pistol Steve Jones, was ill-advised in the eyes of Allmusic's critic.
Later that year, Megadeth opened for Dio and then Iron Maiden on tour before playing the Monsters of Rock festival at Castle Donington in the U.K. with Kiss, Iron Maiden, Guns N' Roses, David Lee Roth, and Helloween. Shortly after, Mustaine fired Behler and Young, accusing Young of having thoughts of a relationship with Mustaine's then-girlfriend. Around this period, Mustaine produced the debut album from Seattle thrash band Sanctuary, called Refuge Denied.
Nick Menza, who was Chuck Behler's drum tech, joined Megadeth in 1989, and the band recorded their only track ever as a three-piece: a cover of Alice Cooper's "No More Mr. Nice Guy" for the Wes Craven-directed horror flick, Shocker. Video director Penelope Spheeris would later recount in the Megadeth episode of Behind The Music that Mustaine showed up to the video shoot so fried on heroin and other drugs that he could not sing and play guitar at the same time; therefore, the singing and playing had to be recorded separately. Mustaine was arrested for "impaired driving" that March with seven or more drugs in his system and was forced by authorities to enter a rehabilitation program (the first of his 17 visits to rehabilitation centers).
The 1990s[edit]
In February 1990, guitarist Marty Friedman (formerly of Cacophony) was auditioned to fill in the vacant lead-guitar position. In September of that year, the band joined the "Clash of the Titans" tour overseas with Slayer, Suicidal Tendencies and Testament. The tour began one month before Megadeth released Rust in Peace (1990), which continued their commercial success. They then went back on the road to promote the new album, this time as support for Judas Priest.
Megadeth started off 1991 by performing for 145,000 people at Rock In Rio before starting their own world tour with Alice in Chains as their special guest. Mustaine got married in April, the same month the Rusted Pieces home video was released. That summer, the Clash of the Titans tour hit the U.S., featuring Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, with Alice in Chains taking the opening slot. Later that year, the Megadeth song "Go to Hell" was featured on the soundtrack to Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey.
Also in 1991, Mustaine collaborated with Sean Harris from Diamond Head on the track "Crown of Worms". (Mustaine would later appear on Diamond Head's reformation album Death and Progress.) Mustaine's wife, Pamela, gave birth to their son Justis on February 11, 1992. The band was featured on another soundtrack, this time for Super Mario Bros. with the song "Breakpoint". July saw the release of Megadeth's most commercially successful record: Countdown to Extinction. The album debuted at No. 2 on the Billboard 200 and boasted some of the band's most commercially successful songs, including "Symphony of Destruction", "Sweating Bullets" and "Skin o' My Teeth". The original version of the "Symphony of Destruction" video was edited due to its depiction of a political leader being assassinated; "Skin o' My Teeth" was aired on MTV with a disclaimer from Mustaine insisting that the song did not endorse suicide. Ellefson contributed lyrics to the family-farm ballad "Foreclosure of a Dream", and Menza wrote the lyrics about canned hunting for the title track. This album began a new, more "collaborative" Megadeth.
Pantera and Suicidal Tendencies opened for Megadeth on the Countdown to Extinction tour. MTV News invited Mustaine to cover the Democratic National Convention for them that summer. In November, the "Exposure of a Dream" home video was released. In 1993, Mustaine guested on a new album by one of the bands who had influenced his own sound: Diamond Head. Megadeth began a U.S. tour with Stone Temple Pilots as their opening act. This tour, including a planned appearance at Budokan, was ultimately canceled due to Mustaine's continuing struggles with addiction. In June, Megadeth played Milton Keynes Bowl with Diamond Head and Metallica and later opened for Metallica on a handful of European Stadium dates. Megadeth was kicked off Aerosmith's U.S. tour after just seven dates due to the comment made by Mustaine that "We don't have much time to play because Aerosmith don't have much time left to live." was deemed offensive to Aerosmith. "Angry Again" was featured on the soundtrack to the Arnold Schwarzenegger movie Last Action Hero, while "99 Ways To Die" was featured on The Beavis and Butt-head Experience compilation album.
Megadeth spent the bulk of 1994 making Youthanasia, a much more commercial album undoubtedly inspired in part by the success of Countdown to Extinction. The band covered Black Sabbath's song "Paranoid" for Nativity in Black: A Tribute to Black Sabbath and performed on MTV's "Night of the Living Megadeth" in celebration of the Halloween release of their new album. They began a tour the next month in South America. Youthanasia became the quickest album to go gold (500,000 units) in Canadian history and sold well throughout the world. It was an album that showed a more melodic side to the band with tracks such as "À Tout le Monde". The album also included "Train of Consequences", the music video for which became one of the band's most well-known.
Another soundtrack appearance, "Diadems" on Tales from the Crypt Presents: Demon Knight, kicked off 1995. Megadeth spent the first two months of the year on the "Youthanasia" tour with Corrosion of Conformity in tow. In March, the Hidden Treasures compilation hit European stores. The "Evolver: The Making of Youthanasia" home video followed in May, and Hidden Treasures made it to the U.S. and Japan in July, just in time for the start of the "Reckoning Day" tour with special guests Flotsam and Jetsam, Korn and Fear Factory. In September the band performed at the "Monsters of Rock" festival in South America, Peru.
A Grammy nomination for "Paranoid" began 1996 for Megadeth. Enlisting Fear singer Lee Ving, Mustaine released an album under the moniker "MD.45" with Suicidal Tendencies drummer Jimmy DeGrasso. In September, Megadeth returned to the studio, this time in Nashville, TN, to record Cryptic Writings.
Cryptic Writings (1997) included thrashing songs like "Vortex" and "FFF"—reminiscent of Megadeth's older material—alongside radio-friendly fare like "Trust", the song that put Megadeth on the No. 1 spot in the U.S. Billboard, earning them many spins at rock radio. Megadeth.com launched that year, and in June, the reformed Misfits opened for the band on tour. Chaos Comics released "The Cryptic Writings of Megadeth" comic books, and a remix of "Almost Honest" showed up on the "Mortal Kombat Annihilation" soundtrack. The first ever all-acoustic Megadeth performance in Buenos Aires, Argentina closed out the year in December.
Mustaine's daughter, Electra Mustaine, was born on January 28, 1998, the same month that "Trust" was nominated for a Grammy. Megadeth played on the Howard Stern Show and that summer took part in Ozzfest. As Nick Menza sat in the hospital side-lined by a knee injury, he received a call from Mustaine informing him that his services would no longer be needed. Jimmy DeGrasso, who Mustaine had enjoyed playing with in MD.45, joined Megadeth in his place. On New Year's Eve, Megadeth opened for Black Sabbath alongside Soulfly, Slayer, and Pantera.[citation needed]
While touring after Cryptic Writings, Mustaine told interviewers that songs like "She-Wolf" and "Vortex" had reinvigorated his love for classic music by bands like Iron Maiden and Motörhead, and that he intended to write an album that was "1/2 Peace Sells, 1/2 Cryptic Writings"; however, after hearing about a comment that Lars Ulrich had made in the press in which he said he wished Mustaine would take more "risks", intentions changed. Managers and producers had more input. The song "Crush 'Em" was written with the express purpose of being played in wrestling arenas. In later years, Mustaine would blame much of this period on Friedman's desire to go in a more "pop" direction. Recorded with producer Dann Huff, again in Nashville, Risk was released on August 31, 1999. "Crush 'Em" made it onto the Universal Soldier: The Return soundtrack and into WCW wrestling events (notably played live on Monday Nitro). In July, the band covered "Never Say Die" for a second Black Sabbath tribute. They closed the Woodstock '99 music festival and again opened for Iron Maiden in Europe. There were few other highlights in the Megadeth world in 1999, a year that ended with Marty Friedman announcing his departure from the band.
The 2000s[edit]
As the tour behind Risk soldiered on, Al Pitrelli replaced Friedman on the road. In April, the new lineup entered the studio to begin work on a new album a couple of months before they officially parted ways with Capitol Records. The summer was spent on the road with Anthrax and Mötley Crüe. Capitol released a "best of" collection in the fall, Capitol Punishment: The Megadeth Years, featuring two brand new (and more metal-leaning) songs, "Dread and the Fugitive Mind" was one of the brand new songs and appeared on the next studio album the following year. With a new deal in place with Sanctuary Records, Megadeth returned to the studio toward the end of the year to finish their album and on New Year's Eve, played a show in Anchorage, Alaska.
An acoustic tour sponsored by radio stations, a press tour, and a video shoot for the song "Moto Psycho" all preceded the May 2001 release of The World Needs A Hero. The summer was filled with festival appearances supporting AC/DC. In September, Megadeth set out across North America with Endo and Iced Earth. VH1's "Behind The Music" special on Megadeth aired that year and was later released on DVD. At the end of the year, the band filmed two shows in Arizona, which were released as the 2CD and DVD Rude Awakening. The early part of 2002 saw the release of a remixed and re-mastered Killing Is My Business... with bonus tracks and expanded packaging, followed by Rude Awakening.
In January 2002, Mustaine was admitted to the hospital to get a kidney stone removed. While undergoing treatment, he was administered pain medication that triggered a relapse. Following his hospital stay, he immediately checked himself into a treatment center in Texas.[16] While at the treatment center, Mustaine suffered a freak injury causing severe nerve damage to his left arm. The injury, induced by falling asleep with his left arm over the back of a chair,[citation needed] caused compression of the radial nerve. He was diagnosed with radial neuropathy,[17] also known as Saturday Night Palsy, which left him unable to grasp or even make a fist with his left hand.[18]
On April 3, 2002, Mustaine announced in a press release that he was disbanding Megadeth, officially due to his arm injury.[17][18] For the next four months, Mustaine underwent intense physical therapy five days a week.[16] Slowly, Mustaine began to play again, but was forced to "re-teach" his left hand.
Mustaine himself gave what he called "the Reader's Digest version" of the whole matter during an interview for SuicideGirls: "I went into retirement because my arm got hurt really bad. I broke up the band which at the time was Al Pitrelli, Dave Ellefson, Jimmy DeGrasso, and myself. I was having problems with Al because he liked to drink, and we didn't want to show up at places with him drunk. Al also got married to a nice woman, but he wanted to spend time with her. After a few years, most married men are willing to die, so I figured if we got a couple years into the marriage that might have changed. But the fact was, Al wasn't fitting. DeGrasso was really hard to be around because he was so negative all the time with his complaining about money and wanting things. Ellefson was all about 'play my songs, play my songs.' I hated being around these guys so when the arm injury happened, it was a welcome relief and an indication that I had to stop."[19]
Mustaine went through physical therapy for his arm injury. During his recovery, he explored other areas of the music industry, including production. Contrary to what doctors had predicted, within a short time he fully recovered. However, all was mostly quiet on the Megadeth front for the better part of 2003. Mustaine left Jackson guitars, did a solo acoustic performance at a benefit show, unveiled his new ESP model at the NAMM convention, and oversaw the release of Peace Sells... but Who's Buying? as an audio DVD presented in Dolby 5.1 surround.
At the same time, Mustaine's personal life once again underwent change. It was during this period that Mustaine became a Christian. He expressed his intent to withdraw from a show in Greece that had Rotting Christ and Dissection opening for Megadeth.[20][21] Mustaine told The Daily Times during a recent interview, his own world was already shattered, and becoming a Christian was the one way he's found to put the pieces back together. "I went back to being a Jehovah's Witness, but I wasn't happy with that." He later said in an interview, "Looking up at the cross, I said six simple words, 'What have I got to lose?' Afterwards my whole life has changed. It's been hard, but I wouldn't change it for anything. Rather go my whole life believing that there is a God and find out there isn't than live my whole life thinking there isn't a God and then find out, when I die, that there is."[22] Mustaine also considers his talent a gift from God. "To be the No. 1 rated guitar player in the world is a gift from God and I'm stoked about it, but I think Christ is better than I am, anyway," he said. "Either way, I don't put too much earthly merit on it."[22]
In 2004 Mustaine oversaw the remixing and re-mastering of Megadeth's entire Capitol Records catalog. All albums were re-released with bonus tracks and full liner notes. With one album remaining in his contract to Sanctuary Records, Mustaine began recording what he intended to be the first Dave Mustaine solo album with drummer Vinnie Colaiuta and bassist Jimmy Sloas. Complete with guest solos from old friend Chris Poland, this project became a new Megadeth album, The System Has Failed, released September 14, 2004. One month before, Mustaine announced a new touring lineup for Megadeth: Glen Drover (King Diamond/Eidolon) and James MacDonough (Iced Earth). Nick Menza had briefly been a part of the new band before differences once again caused his departure. One week before a new US tour with Exodus supporting, new drummer (and Glen's brother) Shawn Drover (Eidolon) joined Megadeth.



 Dave Mustaine at a Gigantour show in Orlando, FL
The "Blackmail The Universe" tour started in February 2005 with Diamond Head and Dungeon supporting. Capitol released a new greatest hits, Back to the Start, in June, a month before Mustaine created "Gigantour" with Dream Theater, Anthrax, Fear Factory, Symphony X, Dillinger Escape Plan, Life of Agony, and more. During 2005 Gigantour Mustaine brought a "spiritual counselor" to help him avoid the problems that almost cost him his life due to his prior drug addictions. The Dillinger Escape Plan frontman Greg Puciato stated: "He had a pastor walking around with him on tour and riding on his bus, I think to help keep him on the straight and narrow path."[23]
Arsenal of Megadeth, a two-disc anthology DVD, was released in March 2006. Bass player James LoMenzo (Black Label Society, White Lion) replaced James MacDonough in February shortly before the band headed to the Dubai Desert Rock Festival in the United Arab Emirates. On April 19, the band began recording a new album, United Abominations, at SARM studios in the UK (David Gilmour's house), they announced a worldwide deal with Roadrunner Records in May 2006. United Abominations was released worldwide on May 15, 2007. However, the album had already been leaked before its release. On January 13, 2008, Dave Mustaine confirmed that guitarist Glen Drover had quit Megadeth to focus on his family and that he had been replaced by Chris Broderick of Jag Panzer. The new lineup made its live debut in Finland on February 4 and returned to the US for Gigantour 2008 in the spring.[24] A 12th studio album titled Endgame was released on September 15, 2009.
Mustaine planned to open Megadeth's California recording studio to under-privileged children to teach them about rock 'n' roll. The band owns a building in San Diego, California, which has housed their recording equipment over the years. In an interview with Kerrang, Mustaine wanted to make better use of the studio by turning the space into a learning center for children who come from under-privileged backgrounds. He also said he vowed to teach them how to play instruments.[25]
The 2010s[edit]
Longtime bassist David Ellefson has re-joined Megadeth 8 years after its disbanding in 2002. Ellefson and Mustaine have agreed to keep any unresolved issues in the past and are working on building and maintaining their friendship again. Ellefson has since gone on to say that he feels that "having that time away created a realization for both of us that while we are both productive individually, Megadeth is definitely stronger with both of us in it together."[26] Megadeth embarked on a Rust In Peace 20th anniversary tour, playing the album in its entirety, along with fan favorites such as "Wake Up Dead", "In My Darkest Hour" and "Skin O' My Teeth".
On June 16 for the first time ever "The Big Four" (Metallica, Slayer, Megadeth and Anthrax) of thrash shared the stage in Warsaw, Poland. The event happened in various other countries like Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States, Greece, Germany, Sweden and ended at the Yankee Stadium of New York City on September 14, 2011. "The Big Four" show in Sofia, Bulgaria was recorded and released on Blu-ray and DVD.
On August 3, Mustaine released his autobiography in the US, titled Mustaine: A Heavy Metal Memoir. The book covers Mustaine's life from childhood until the release of the 2009 Megadeth album Endgame. The book was released in the UK, Europe, Australia and New Zealand under the title Mustaine: A Life in Metal. In December 2011, Mustaine appeared at Metallica's 30 year anniversary celebration at the Fillmore Theater and performed five songs from Metallica's debut album. On October 4, 2014, Mustaine's Alzheimer's-afflicted mother-in-law went missing from a campground. Her remains were discovered on November 26.[27]
Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock[edit]
Dave Mustaine composed the song "Sudden Death" for Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock under the name of his band. The game also features two additional Megadeth titles, "Holy Wars... The Punishment Due" and "This Day We Fight!". Megadeth downloadable content is also available; the tracks "Hangar 18", "Symphony of Destruction" and "Peace Sells" can be purchased.
Gigantour[edit]
In the summer of 2005, Mustaine launched a travelling North American metal festival. He named it Gigantour after a favorite childhood cartoon of his, Gigantor. It spanned six weeks and was co-headlined by Megadeth and Dream Theater, with a variety of other supporting metal acts such as Fear Factory and The Dillinger Escape Plan. Mustaine has been quoted as saying that his main intention when conceiving the tour was to bring the American metal audiences an eclectic and affordable alternative to Ozzfest.
The second annual Gigantour began in September 2006 and was composed of Megadeth, Lamb of God, Opeth, and Arch Enemy. The second stage bands were Overkill, Into Eternity, Sanctity, and The Smash Up.
The 2007 Gigantour featured Bring Me the Horizon, Static-X, DevilDriver, and Lacuna Coil along with Megadeth. Megadeth appeared on their first tour to Banglore, India in March 2008.
The 2008 installment of the tour featured Megadeth, Children of Bodom, In Flames, High on Fire, and Job for a Cowboy (and Evile for the UK and Scandinavia tour).[28]
Megadeth Blood in the Water: Live in San Diego (from the Gigantour 2008) premiered on HDNet Sunday November 2 at 8PMET in high definition and 5.1 audio (Repeats check www.hd.net)
In November 2011, it was announced the Gigantour would start up again. The lineup consists of Megadeth, Motörhead, Volbeat, and Lacuna Coil. The tour kicked off at the Susquehanna Bank Center in Camden, NJ on Jan 26, 2012.
Equipment[edit]



 A KV1, same model played by Mustaine before the Y2KV was created.
Mustaine used B.C. Rich guitars early in his career (and for his entire duration with Metallica), most notably a B.C. Rich Bich 10 string with just the regular six strings. First the guitar started in a natural finish, but Dave painted it black around the time 'Peace Sells' was released. In 1987 he switched to Jackson guitars.
In March 2009, while he was guest hosting Bruce Dickinson's Friday night radio show, Mustaine attributed his choice of the Flying V guitar to being a fan of UFO's Michael Schenker when he was growing up.
After switching to Jackson Guitars he helped to re-design the guitar maker's version of the King V model (at the time, it was a "double Rhoads size" meaning it had two of the longer fins from the RR). The reshaped Mustaine KV1 model had slightly shorter fins, Kahler bridge and Seymour Duncan TB-5 bridge and SH-4 neck pickups. He also specified 24 frets rather than the original King V's 22, a tradition that Jackson still keeps on its King V models today, and the KV1, as have all of Mustaine's signature models, also featured a smaller, medium fretwire compared to the extra jumbos featured on most Jacksons.
Mustaine later switched to ESP Guitars. The company released the DV8 signature model in the 2004 NAMM convention also at which time Mustaine announced his ESP endorsement deal. In 2005, Mustaine and ESP teamed up to release the ESP Axxion, (pronounced Action), in order to celebrate Megadeth's 20th anniversary.(the XX in Axxion and the fretboard inlays being the number 20 in Roman numerals) The ESP Axxion and ESP DV8 were both successful and cheaper models such as the LTD-DV8 R, LTD DV200 and the LTD Axxion were released to target a bigger market.



 Dave Mustaine with his Dean VMNT USA Gears of War guitar, during the United Abominations tour
However, on December 6, 2006, Dave Mustaine announced that he was leaving ESP guitars and shifting his endorsement to Dean Guitars. His new signature guitar was revealed during NAMM Show on January 19, 2007. The signature guitar is called the Dean VMNT. The V-shaped guitar is very similar to his earlier Jackson and ESP Signature models. The release campaign of the VMNT had a limited copy of only 150 in the world and are signed by Dave Mustaine. This was posted on the website.
"After two successful years, I have decided to leave ESP guitars. This was a business decision and had nothing to do with the guitars or the manufacturing of the guitars, and I wish the staff of ESP, both in the USA and in Japan and Korea the very best of health and prosperity. Meanwhile, I am taking my Classic Metal V known formerly as a Jackson King V1 or an ESP DV8, and my new guitar design presently known as an Axxion, which was the recipient of the Gold Award from Guitar World Magazine for 2005 for new guitar designs with me. I will also be re-introducing through my new endorsement many special models, including re-issues of my old models from over the span of my career, as well as some retro V shapes, similar to the formerly known Jackson Y2KV or a Gibson Flying V. I will make my announcement and be attending the 2007 NAMM show to meet Megadeth fans and all metal fans, musicians of all styles-especially guitarists."



 Dave Mustaine performing with Megadeth in Hartford, CT, with his Dean Zero.
Today he uses his signature models by Dean Guitars, the Dean VMNT and Zero. The USA models were available briefly in limited run after release, although the Korean and Chinese models are in continuous production. Mustaine uses the USA and Korean models on stage.
Dave Mustaine has also recently collaborated with Marshall in order to produce the 1960DM Dave Mustaine Signature Cabinets. He is now using his signature Marshall cabinets on tour.
Dave Mustaine endorses Seymour Duncan and has his own Signature Live Wire pickups and uses Cleartone strings (.011 - .054 for D tuning, .010 - .052 for E tuning[29]).
The Dean Zero debuted in 2010 with Dean guitars was a unique new shape for Dave, resembling the Gibson Explorer with sharper points. Dave has made a few appearances so far with this guitar, performing on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon and on shows during the Australian tour with Slayer. He has also used the guitar in the later dates of the 2009 Endgame tour and continues to use it to this day. He says he primarily still uses his VMNT's so he can grab on to the lower horn with his legs for certain songs.[30]
He has also used Ovation acoustic guitars for most of his career. However, he stopped endorsing the company after receiving a signature acoustic from Dean, dubbed the Mako.[30][31]
Mustaine also has his own signature Zoom pedal, called the Zoom G2.1DM.
Guitar playing[edit]
In 2004, Guitar World magazine ranked Dave Mustaine and Marty Friedman together at No. 19 on the 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists of All Time.
In 2009, Mustaine was named the No. 1 player in Joel McIver's book The 100 Greatest Metal Guitarists. As he told Classic Rock magazine in September 2009: "It was especially sweet when I found out that Joel has written books on Metallica. Every page I turned, I became more excited. I get to Number 5 and it's Kirk Hammett, and I thought, 'Thank you, God'. At that point it didn't matter [which position I was]. To be better than both of them [James Hetfield and Hammett] meant so much – it's been one of the pet peeves of my career and I've never known how to deal with it. All I thought was – I win!"
Personal life[edit]
Mustaine married Pamela Anne Casselberry in 1991.[32] They have a son who also plays guitar and has appeared in several local theatrical productions,[33] and a daughter.
In 2011, Mustaine said that his neck and spine condition, known as stenosis was caused by many years of headbanging.[34]
Christianity[edit]
Mustaine was raised as a Jehovah's Witness[35] and is now a born again Christian.[36] In 1988, in response to the British government's criticism of homosexuality, Mustaine said: "More power to them. It says in the Bible that men should not lay with men like they lay with women. I mean I don't wanna fuck up and not go to heaven."[37] In an answer to a question about Judas Priest having an overt homosexual image, "I don't wanna talk about this. The last thing I need is a bunch of homos picketing us."[37] In 2012, on KIRO-FM he was asked if he supports gay marriage and replied: "Well, since I'm not gay, the answer to that would be no."[38][39] He was then asked if he would support legislation to make gay marriage legal and said, "I'm Christian. The answer to that would be no."[38]
Mustaine began to focus on his Christian faith more directly while attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings, and became a committed Christian.[36] It has become his policy not to appear with any band that is seen as black metal or satanic, such as declining to appear in a music festival in Greece with the band Rotting Christ as well as in Israel with the band Dissection.[20]
Mustaine had practiced black magic in his teenage years, which became inspiration for a couple of songs on the second album Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?. Mustaine stated that it was emotionally difficult to play those tracks because of his changed spiritual beliefs.

"Performance wise, "The Conjuring" is one of the heaviest songs on the record, but unfortunately it's got black magic in it and I promised that I wouldn't play it any more, because there's a lot of instructions for hexes in that song. When I got into black magic I put a couple of spells on people when I was a teenager and it haunted me forever, and I've had so much torment. So I look back now and I think, 'Hmm, I don't wanna play 'The Conjuring'."[40]
—Dave Mustaine, on playing "The Conjuring" live
Politics[edit]
Over his career, Mustaine has made numerous comments about both American and international politics, criticizing both politicians and political issues. In addition, Mustaine covered the 1992 Democratic National Convention for MTV.[41]
In a confrontational 1988 interview with Sounds journalist Roy Wilkinson, Mustaine spoke against illegal immigration, and stated that he would "build a great wall along the Mexican border and not let anybody in..." if he were President of the United States.[37]
In 1988, Mustaine caused a riot when Megadeth played a concert in Northern Ireland after he "unwittingly" expressed support for the Irish Republican Army (IRA) regarding the problems between Northern Ireland's Catholic and Protestant communities.[42][43] This incident occurred amid a period of turmoil in the province known as the Troubles.
In 2009, Mustaine discussed the influence radio host Alex Jones' films and ideas have had on him and his music.[44] Specifically, Mustaine said that he wrote the album Endgame based on Jones' film Endgame in order to educate his fans and the general public about the march towards a New World Order and Global government.[45]
Criticism of Barack Obama and 2012 U.S. Presidential election[edit]
In the 2010s, Mustaine grew increasingly vocal in his support of many Republican figures and positions, which is a change from his politics during the George H. W. Bush administration, when Mustaine acted as a reporter for MTV News during the Democratic National Convention in 1992, and was seen as leaning to the political left, in light of the lyrics of "Foreclosure of a Dream".[46]
Mustaine has criticized several Democratic Party politicians. During the 2004 presidential campaign, Mustaine commented that he believed that John Kerry would "ruin our country".[47] In addition, Mustaine has made several comments critical of president Barack Obama, calling him "the most divisive president we've ever had" in 2011,[48] and commenting that he believed that Obama was born outside of the United States during a March 2012 interview on George Stroumboulopoulos Tonight.[49]
In an August 2012 Singapore performance on the tour to support the band's then-new album Thirteen, Mustaine expressed his views of President Obama and recent gun violence in the United States, making an accusation that Obama had staged the mass shooting in Aurora, CO and the Wisconsin Sikh temple shooting in order to push a gun control agenda, while engaging the audience during onstage banter in between songs. Mustaine also criticized the 'Fast and Furious' arms scandal and said that the country looked like it was turning into "Nazi America."[50][51][52]
The comments drew much criticism. Entertainment news outlet TMZ showed footage of Mustaine's statements to a wounded Aurora massacre survivor, Carli Richards. Richards said he was being "absurd" and that his conspiracy theory shifted blame away from the shooter, noting that "[the president] didn't shoot me."[53][54] In response to the controversy over his comments Mustaine told radio host Alex Jones that his comments were done "In the heat of the moment." He also denied any intention to hurt anyone with his comments, but believed that the possibility of a conspiracy should still be looked into.[55]
In February 2012, Mustaine gave a statement supportive of the presidential campaign of former conservative Republican Pennsylvania Senator Rick Santorum. Mustaine commented on Santorum's "presidential qualities." Mustaine pointed to Santorum's temporary suspension of his campaign to be with his sick daughter as the act that gained his attention and respect. He expressed his hope that Santorum would win the nomination but stated that regardless of the results he would be voting against a second term for President Barack Obama. Mustaine also criticized other Republican presidential candidates. Mustaine was critical of a $100 million trust fund that Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney set up for his sons. He criticized Texas Congressman Ron Paul for his unorthodox political views saying Paul "make[s] total sense for a while, and then he'll say something so way out that it negates everything else". Mustaine also admitted that he once supported former Georgia Congressman and House Speaker Newt Gingrich, but that he no longer thought he could vote for him.[56][57]
Mustaine denied that his statement was intended as an endorsement of Santorum.[58]
Martial arts[edit]
Dave Mustaine holds black belts in Taekwondo WTF and Ukidokan Karate. In 2007, he was made a Goodwill Ambassador of the World by the World Taekwondo Federation.[59]
Cameo appearances[edit]
Dave Mustaine has appeared on various television shows:
In 1992 Mustaine covered the Democratic National Convention for MTV. He also hosted the MTV2 Television Network's series Headbanger's Ball on two occasions: once on a tribute to Dimebag Darrell in December 2004 and the second time as a special guest on an episode that aired August 27, 2005. He also played the song "Gears of War" with Megadeth on an episode about the video game release under the same name.
Dave Mustaine makes an appearance on the 1998 The Drew Carey Show episode entitled "In Ramada Da Vida". When Drew and the gang decide to start a band, they audition guitarists, including Mustaine. After Mustaine plays a fast guitar solo, Lewis Kiniski tells him "Don't be nervous, son, just slow down," to which Mustaine replies, "It's supposed to sound that way." Drew replies by saying, "Yeah, sure it is ... next."[60]
In the episode "Love Burns" of the science fiction TV series Black Scorpion, Mustaine plays Torchy Thompson, a vengeful arsonist.
Dave Mustaine and Megadeth appear in the Duck Dodgers 2006 episode "In Space, Nobody can Hear you Rock/Ridealong Calamity", the second-to-last episode of the series.[60] In the show, Mustaine plays a cryogenically frozen version of himself. He is unfrozen because the main cast requires an incredibly loud noise to overload a Martian sonic weapon, and "nobody rocks harder, faster, or louder than Dave Mustaine." He is referred to by a documentary as being "genetically engineered to rock and raised by wolverines", though Mustaine denied these theories. During this episode he played the song "Back in the Day" from the album The System Has Failed. Mustaine appeared again in the show in the final episode, Bonafide Hero: Captain Duck Dodgers.
Mustaine appeared on the second episode of season 8 on the television show Never Mind the Buzzcocks.
Mustaine and Megadeth appeared in promotional videos for the NHL team Philadelphia Flyers in response to an inflammatory comment by Mike Wise in The Washington Post that suggested that some of the Flyers' fans could work security for Megadeth.[61] Mustaine invited them to do so. Megadeth all wore Flyers' jerseys. Mustaine sported the one of team captain Jason Smith, while other members wore the jerseys of Danny Brière, Martin Biron and Mike Richards.
Mustaine appeared in an episode of Rock & Roll Jeopardy! along with George Clinton and Moon Zappa. He won the game in a landslide victory.
See also[edit]
Megadeth discography
MD.45
Gigantour
Red Lamb
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Megadeth frontman forms new band Red Lamb". NME News. 9 May 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
2.Jump up ^ "Megadeth History confirms the founders of Megadeth". Megadeth. 2014. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
3.Jump up ^ "See Dave Mustaine's 10 Most Prized Possessions (Including Mini Horse!)". Spin. November 21, 2011. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
4.Jump up ^ "Yahoo! Groups". Groups.yahoo.com. June 22, 2005. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
5.Jump up ^ Bresky, Ben (August 8, 2005). Megadeth Play Israel
6.Jump up ^ "Dave's band Panic?". official Megadeth website. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c "Megadeth vs. Metallica". The Realms of Deth. Retrieved May 16, 2008.
8.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine". MetWorld. Retrieved May 16, 2008.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c Layden, p. 103
10.^ Jump up to: a b c Layden, p. 105
11.Jump up ^ Layden, p. 106
12.Jump up ^ Layden, p. 108
13.^ Jump up to: a b Layden
14.Jump up ^ Layden, p. 109
15.Jump up ^ Killing Is My Business... And Business Is Good remastered liner notes
16.^ Jump up to: a b Epstein, Dan (August 2003). "Die Another Day". Guitar World. Retrieved November 21, 2006.
17.^ Jump up to: a b "Injury Forces Mustaine To Disband Megadeth". Billboard. April 3, 2002. Retrieved May 1, 2015.
18.^ Jump up to: a b "Megadeth Disbands Press Release". Megadeth's Official website. 2006. Retrieved November 15, 2006.[dead link]
19.Jump up ^ Daniel Robert Epstein (September 14, 2004). "Megadeth – Dave Mustaine". SuicideGirls.com. Retrieved May 16, 2008.
20.^ Jump up to: a b "Dave Mustaine vs. Satanic Bands". ultimate-guitar.com. May 9, 2005.
21.Jump up ^ "Rotting Christ interview at". Tartareandesire.com. September 22, 2005. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
22.^ Jump up to: a b Wildsmith, Steve (November 19, 2009). "ONWARD CHRISTIAN SOLDIER: Megadeth's Dave Mustaine talks of his spiritual reinvention".
23.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine takes a Pastor on tour". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved October 21, 2005.
24.Jump up ^ "Press Release". Megadeth.com. January 14, 2008. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
25.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine to Open School of Rock". ultimate-guitar.com. Retrieved August 14, 2009.
26.Jump up ^ "ThePOGG Interviews – Dave Ellefson – Founding member of Megadeth". Retrieved November 6, 2012.
27.Jump up ^ "Body of Missing Woman Found in Julian". cbs8.com. November 27, 2014. Retrieved November 28, 2014.
28.Jump up ^ "Gigantour 2008 lineup". Roadrunnerrecords.com. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
29.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine". Megadeth.com. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
30.^ Jump up to: a b "Dean Electric Guitars-Acoustic Guitars-Bass Guitars". Deanguitars.com. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
31.Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
32.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine Says That He Knows That He Doesn't Make Lars Ulrich "Comfortable" | Rock News | Eddie Trunk". Web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 2009-09-13. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
33.Jump up ^ [2] San Diego Reader, Dave Mustaine Bio
34.Jump up ^ "Ouch! Headbanging Hurts… « 100.7 WZLX". Wzlx.cbslocal.com. 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
35.Jump up ^ Jodi Beth Summers talks to Dave Mustaine, "Out to Lunch", Hit Parader, June 1987
36.^ Jump up to: a b "Dave Mustaine Explains Why He Refuses To Share Stage With His 'Confessed Enemy' - Blabbermouth.net". Roadrunnerrecords.com. 2007-05-08. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
37.^ Jump up to: a b c Roy Wilkinson, "MegaDumb: Interview with Dave Mustaine", Sounds, May 28, 1988, Page 23
38.^ Jump up to: a b "Blabbermouth.net". Legacy.roadrunnerrecords.com. 2013-04-17. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
39.Jump up ^ Kornelis, Chris (February 15, 2012) Megadeth's Dave Mustaine Is Not Necessarily Voting For Santorum, But He Does Oppose Gay Marriage, and Won't Play Bass With Metallica, Seattle Weekly.
40.Jump up ^ Parker, Matthiew (March 18, 2011). "Dave Mustaine: "Black magic ruined my life!"". Total Guitar. Music Radar. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
41.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine | Biography". AllMusic. 1961-09-13. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
42.Jump up ^ "Mustaine's Terrorist Blunder". Contactmusic.com. 2005-11-12. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
43.Jump up ^ Interview by Chris Salmon. "State of the Union. Tim Wheeler reflects on the musical tradition of Northern Ireland | Music". The Guardian. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
44.Jump up ^ "The Alex Jones Show – L I V E – September 25th With Dave Mustaine". Prison Planet.com. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
45.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine: ''Endgame' Is About People Being Run By The People Who Have Money' | Music News @". Ultimate-guitar.com. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
46.Jump up ^ Sacks, Ethan (February 15, 2012). "Megadeth's Dave Mustaine endorses Rick Santorum for President – big change for one-time GOP critic". Daily News (New York).
47.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine Says John Kerry Will 'Ruin Our Country' - Blabbermouth.net". Roadrunnerrecords.com. 2004-10-25. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
48.Jump up ^ "DAVE MUSTAINE Says OBAMA Is 'The Most Divisive President We've Ever Had'". Roadrunnerrecords.com. October 25, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
49.Jump up ^ "Megadeth singer gives Santorum a thumbs-up". CBC News. March 26, 2012.
50.Jump up ^ Ferner, Matt (August 15, 2012). "Dave Mustaine, Megadeth Singer, Says Obama 'Staged' Aurora Shooting, Sikh Temple Shooting To Pass A Gun Ban". The Huffington Post.
51.Jump up ^ Marc Schneider (August 16, 2012). "Dave Mustaine: Obama Staged Aurora, Sikh Temple Shootings".
52.Jump up ^ Eakin, Marah (August 15, 2012). "Dave Mustaine thinks Obama staged the shootings in Colorado and Wisconsin". The AV Club.
53.Jump up ^ Stenovec, Timothy (August 17, 2012). "Carli Richards, Aurora Shooting Survivor, Responds To Megadeth Singer's Obama 'Staged' Comment". The Huffington Post.
54.Jump up ^ "'Batman' Massacre Victim to Megadeth Singer: Don't Blame Obama!". tmz.com. August 16, 2012.
55.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine addresses shooting comments controversy". San Francisco Chronicle. August 17, 2012.
56.Jump up ^ "Megadeath frontman wants to see Rick Santorum in the White House, report says". Fox News (News Core). February 15, 2012. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
57.Jump up ^ Joe Bosso. "Interview: Megadeth's Dave Mustaine talks guitar, politics and today's music | Guitar News". MusicRadar. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
58.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine: I'm Not Ready to Endorse Rick Santorum". Rolling Stone. 2012-02-16. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
59.Jump up ^ ""Taekwondo Changed My Life" Says Megadeth Leader Dave Mustaine". wtf.org.
60.^ Jump up to: a b "Dave Mustaine". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
61.Jump up ^ Wise, Mike (April 16, 2008) "Beaten to the Punch", The Washington Post.
Bibliography[edit]
Layden, Joe (2011). Mustaine: A Heavy Metal Memoir. HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 9780061714405.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dave Mustaine.
Official Megadeth website
Dave Mustaine at the Internet Movie Database



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Dave Mustaine

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Dave Mustaine
Megadeth @ Arena Joondalup (12 12 2010) (5272639121).jpg
Mustaine performing with Megadeth at the No Sleep Til Festival in Perth (2010)

Background information

Birth name
David Scott Mustaine
Born
September 13, 1961 (age 53)
La Mesa, California, United States
Genres
Thrash metal
Occupation(s)
Musician, singer-songwriter, producer, actor, author, talent manager
Instruments
Guitar, vocals
Years active
1978–2002, 2004–present
Labels
Loud, Combat, Capitol, Sanctuary, Roadrunner, Tradecraft
Associated acts
Megadeth, Metallica, MD.45, Red Lamb[1]
Website
www.megadeth.com
Notable instruments
Various Dean VMNT Signature model
Jackson King V Signature model
ESP DV8 Signature model
David Scott "Dave" Mustaine (born September 13, 1961) is an American musician. He was the original lead guitarist for the American heavy metal band Metallica and is the co-founder,[2] rhythm and lead guitarist, and lead singer of the American thrash metal band Megadeth.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Early career 2.1 Panic
2.2 Metallica
2.3 Fallen Angels
3 Megadeth 3.1 The 1980s
3.2 The 1990s
3.3 The 2000s
3.4 The 2010s
4 Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock
5 Gigantour
6 Equipment
7 Guitar playing
8 Personal life 8.1 Christianity
8.2 Politics 8.2.1 Criticism of Barack Obama and 2012 U.S. Presidential election
8.3 Martial arts
9 Cameo appearances
10 See also
11 References
12 Bibliography
13 External links

Early life[edit]
David Mustaine was born in La Mesa, California, to Emily (née David) and John Mustaine. His father was of French and Finnish descent and his mother was Jewish.[3][4] He was brought up as a Jehovah's Witness.[5]
Early career[edit]
Panic[edit]
Panic was Mustaine's first band. The lineup was Mike Leftwych on drums, Bob Evans on bass, Tom Quecke on rhythm guitar, Pat Voeks as the vocalist and Dave Mustaine was the lead guitarist. Both Mike Leftwych and the sound man were killed in a car crash after Panic's second show.[6]
Metallica[edit]
In 1981, Mustaine left Panic to join Metallica as the lead guitarist. Metallica's drummer Lars Ulrich had posted an ad in a local newspaper, The Recycler, looking for a lead guitarist. In his own words, Mustaine remembers his first meeting with James Hetfield and Lars Ulrich: "I was in the room warming up and I walked out and asked, 'Well, am I gonna audition or what?', and they said, 'No, you've got the job.' I couldn't believe how easy it had been and suggested that we get some beer to celebrate."[7]
Mustaine's membership in Metallica ended before recording Kill 'Em All in 1983. Brian Slagel, owner of Metal Blade Records, recalls in an interview: "Dave was an incredibly talented guy but he also had an incredibly large problem with alcohol and drugs. He'd get wasted and become a real crazy person, a raging megalomaniac, and the other guys just couldn't deal with that after a while. I mean, they all drank of course, but Dave drank more ... much more. I could see they were beginning to get fed up of seeing Dave drunk out of his mind all the time."[8]
On one occasion, Mustaine brought his dog to rehearsal; the dog jumped onto the car of Metallica bassist Ron McGovney and scratched the paint. Hetfield allegedly yelled at Mustaine's dog and kicked it in anger, to which Mustaine responded by physically attacking Hetfield and McGovney and verbally abusing Ulrich. Mustaine was fired following the altercation, but the next day, Mustaine asked to be allowed back in the band and was granted his request. Another incident occurred when Mustaine, who had been drinking, poured a full can of beer down the neck and into the pick-ups of Ron McGovney's bass. When McGovney tried playing it, he received an electrical shock, which he claims 'blew him across the room and shocked the hell out of him'. McGovney then told Mustaine and Hetfield to leave his house and left the band shortly after.
On April 11, 1983, after Metallica had driven to New York to record their debut album, Mustaine was officially fired from the band because of his alcoholism, drug abuse, overly aggressive behavior, and personality clashes with founding members Hetfield and Ulrich, an incident Mustaine refers to as "no warning, no second chance". The band packed up Dave's gear, drove him to the Port Authority Bus Terminal, and put him on a Greyhound bus bound for Los Angeles.[7] It was on this bus ride that Mustaine scribbled some lyrical ideas on the back of a hand bill, which would later become the song "Set the World Afire" from the 1988 Megadeth album So Far, So Good... So What!
During his time in Metallica, Dave Mustaine toured with the band, co-wrote four songs that appeared on Kill Em All, and co-wrote two songs that would eventually appear on Ride the Lightning. Mustaine has also made unverified claims to have written parts of "Leper Messiah" from Master of Puppets.[7] He also recorded several songs with the band including the No Life 'Til Leather demo tape. A few of the songs he wrote with Hetfield and Ulrich went on to be re-recorded by Metallica. The most well-known of these is "The Four Horsemen" from Kill 'Em All, which Mustaine wrote as "The Mechanix" and later released on Megadeth's debut album with the original lyrics as "Mechanix".[citation needed]
Fallen Angels[edit]
Fallen Angels was the name of the short-lived band that Mustaine founded after his departure from Metallica. In April 1983, after returning to California to live with his mother, he landed what he calls his first real job with the aid of Robbie McKinney. McKinney and a friend, Matt Kisselstein, worked with Mustaine as telemarketers. Mustaine quit his job after earning enough money to move to an apartment in Hollywood, and recruited McKinney, who played guitar, and Kisselstein, who played bass, for his band Fallen Angels.[9] In his biography, Mustaine describes that "We lacked the chemistry, the energy, the spark—or whatever you want to call it—that gives a band life in its infancy."[9] The partnership did not last.[9]
This paved the way for his partnership for Dave Ellefson and Greg Handevidt. Ellefson was playing the opening bass line of Van Halen's 'Running with the Devil' in the apartment below Mustaine's.[10] After stomping on the floor and shouting for them to stop, Mustaine, being hung over at the time, took a potted plant and threw it out of his window and hit the air conditioner of the apartment below.[10] This resulted in the 2 coming up to Mustaine's apartment to ask for cigarettes. Mustaine replied "There's a store on the corner" and slammed the door in their faces.[10] A few minutes later, they knocked on the door, this time asking if he could buy them beer.[11] Mustaine's reply: 'Ok, now you are talking'. They spent the night talking about music, and soon after, Mustaine, Ellefson and Handevidt were then bandmates.
With little confidence in his own vocal capabilities, Mustaine added 'Lor' Kane (real name Lawrence Renna) to the Fallen Angels roster. Kane did not stay long, although is credited for the suggestion that they should change the name to Megadeth, knowing that Mustaine had written a song of the same name.[12] After Kane left, the first of many drummers, Dijon Carruthers, joined the band. The lineup of Mustaine, Ellefson, Handevidt and Carruthers would be the first incarnation of Megadeth.[13]
Megadeth[edit]
Main article: Megadeth
The 1980s[edit]
After a series of unsuccessful vocalist auditions, Mustaine elected to take on vocal duties himself in addition to playing lead guitar. In 1984, Megadeth cut a three-song demo with drummer Lee Rausch, who replaced Carruthers after Mustaine and Ellefson decided they couldn't trust him. Carruthers had chosen to hide his black heritage from them by claiming he was Spanish, and they couldn't understand why he would deceive them since they weren't racist.[14] Kerry King joined the band for a few shows; however, he opted to leave Megadeth after less than a week so he could continue working on his own band, Slayer. Jazz-influenced drummer Gar Samuelson replaced Raush, who left after Mustaine convinced him to play with a broken foot.[13] Megadeth recorded a demo as a three-piece band, which captured the attention of guitarist Chris Poland, also a jazz player and a friend of Samuelson, who subsequently joined the band.[15] In November, the band signed a deal with Combat Records and began touring.
In May 1985, Megadeth released their first album, Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!, on Combat Records. That summer, the band toured the U.S. and Canada with Exciter. Guitarist Mike Albert replaced Chris Poland for a while because Poland was charged for possession of heroin. After Poland was released, he rejoined the band in October and the band then began recording their second studio album for Combat. On New Year's Eve of that year, Megadeth played in San Francisco with Exodus and Metal Church. Metallica was the headliner. This was the only time Megadeth and Metallica were on the same card, until 1991.
In 1986, after recording Killing Is My Business..., Mustaine approached Jackson Guitars for a custom-built guitar. Jackson modified their existing Jackson King V model for Mustaine by adding 2 more frets to the standard 22 fret King V. In the 1990s the company began mass-producing a Dave Mustaine signature series Jackson King V, which continued into the early 2000s. This model uses Seymour Duncan SH-4 pickups, also known as TB-4 pickups.
The following year, major label Capitol Records signed Megadeth and obtained the rights to their second album, Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?, from Combat. Megadeth opened a U.S. tour with King Diamond and Motörhead. This album, released in November, is regarded as a landmark metal album. It produced the notable title track (the opening bass lick of which was used by "MTV News" segments) as well as the thrash anthem "Wake Up Dead". The videos for both songs became staples on MTV's Headbanger's Ball.
In February 1987, Megadeth opened for Alice Cooper on his Constrictor tour. The band also toured with King Diamond whose previous band, Mercyful Fate, were a huge influence on Megadeth. In March, Megadeth's first world tour began in the U.K. Mustaine and Ellefson guested on the band Malice's License To Kill album. Megadeth re-recorded "These Boots" for the soundtrack to the film "Dudes", and that summer went on tour with Overkill and Necros. Amid drug problems and suspicions of stealing the band's equipment and pawning it for drug money, Mustaine fired Poland and Samuelson after their last show in Hawaii.
Chuck Behler, who had been Samuelson's drum tech, became Megadeth's new drummer with guitarist Jeff Young replacing Poland. Megadeth released their third album, So Far, So Good... So What!, in January 1988. The album contains the song "In My Darkest Hour", which, according to the liner notes of So Far, So Good... So What!, was composed after the death of Metallica's bass player Cliff Burton, despite the lyrics having nothing to do with Burton. "Hook in Mouth" attacked the Parents Music Resource Center with gusto, although their cover of the Sex Pistols' "Anarchy in the UK", despite a guest appearance from ex-Pistol Steve Jones, was ill-advised in the eyes of Allmusic's critic.
Later that year, Megadeth opened for Dio and then Iron Maiden on tour before playing the Monsters of Rock festival at Castle Donington in the U.K. with Kiss, Iron Maiden, Guns N' Roses, David Lee Roth, and Helloween. Shortly after, Mustaine fired Behler and Young, accusing Young of having thoughts of a relationship with Mustaine's then-girlfriend. Around this period, Mustaine produced the debut album from Seattle thrash band Sanctuary, called Refuge Denied.
Nick Menza, who was Chuck Behler's drum tech, joined Megadeth in 1989, and the band recorded their only track ever as a three-piece: a cover of Alice Cooper's "No More Mr. Nice Guy" for the Wes Craven-directed horror flick, Shocker. Video director Penelope Spheeris would later recount in the Megadeth episode of Behind The Music that Mustaine showed up to the video shoot so fried on heroin and other drugs that he could not sing and play guitar at the same time; therefore, the singing and playing had to be recorded separately. Mustaine was arrested for "impaired driving" that March with seven or more drugs in his system and was forced by authorities to enter a rehabilitation program (the first of his 17 visits to rehabilitation centers).
The 1990s[edit]
In February 1990, guitarist Marty Friedman (formerly of Cacophony) was auditioned to fill in the vacant lead-guitar position. In September of that year, the band joined the "Clash of the Titans" tour overseas with Slayer, Suicidal Tendencies and Testament. The tour began one month before Megadeth released Rust in Peace (1990), which continued their commercial success. They then went back on the road to promote the new album, this time as support for Judas Priest.
Megadeth started off 1991 by performing for 145,000 people at Rock In Rio before starting their own world tour with Alice in Chains as their special guest. Mustaine got married in April, the same month the Rusted Pieces home video was released. That summer, the Clash of the Titans tour hit the U.S., featuring Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, with Alice in Chains taking the opening slot. Later that year, the Megadeth song "Go to Hell" was featured on the soundtrack to Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey.
Also in 1991, Mustaine collaborated with Sean Harris from Diamond Head on the track "Crown of Worms". (Mustaine would later appear on Diamond Head's reformation album Death and Progress.) Mustaine's wife, Pamela, gave birth to their son Justis on February 11, 1992. The band was featured on another soundtrack, this time for Super Mario Bros. with the song "Breakpoint". July saw the release of Megadeth's most commercially successful record: Countdown to Extinction. The album debuted at No. 2 on the Billboard 200 and boasted some of the band's most commercially successful songs, including "Symphony of Destruction", "Sweating Bullets" and "Skin o' My Teeth". The original version of the "Symphony of Destruction" video was edited due to its depiction of a political leader being assassinated; "Skin o' My Teeth" was aired on MTV with a disclaimer from Mustaine insisting that the song did not endorse suicide. Ellefson contributed lyrics to the family-farm ballad "Foreclosure of a Dream", and Menza wrote the lyrics about canned hunting for the title track. This album began a new, more "collaborative" Megadeth.
Pantera and Suicidal Tendencies opened for Megadeth on the Countdown to Extinction tour. MTV News invited Mustaine to cover the Democratic National Convention for them that summer. In November, the "Exposure of a Dream" home video was released. In 1993, Mustaine guested on a new album by one of the bands who had influenced his own sound: Diamond Head. Megadeth began a U.S. tour with Stone Temple Pilots as their opening act. This tour, including a planned appearance at Budokan, was ultimately canceled due to Mustaine's continuing struggles with addiction. In June, Megadeth played Milton Keynes Bowl with Diamond Head and Metallica and later opened for Metallica on a handful of European Stadium dates. Megadeth was kicked off Aerosmith's U.S. tour after just seven dates due to the comment made by Mustaine that "We don't have much time to play because Aerosmith don't have much time left to live." was deemed offensive to Aerosmith. "Angry Again" was featured on the soundtrack to the Arnold Schwarzenegger movie Last Action Hero, while "99 Ways To Die" was featured on The Beavis and Butt-head Experience compilation album.
Megadeth spent the bulk of 1994 making Youthanasia, a much more commercial album undoubtedly inspired in part by the success of Countdown to Extinction. The band covered Black Sabbath's song "Paranoid" for Nativity in Black: A Tribute to Black Sabbath and performed on MTV's "Night of the Living Megadeth" in celebration of the Halloween release of their new album. They began a tour the next month in South America. Youthanasia became the quickest album to go gold (500,000 units) in Canadian history and sold well throughout the world. It was an album that showed a more melodic side to the band with tracks such as "À Tout le Monde". The album also included "Train of Consequences", the music video for which became one of the band's most well-known.
Another soundtrack appearance, "Diadems" on Tales from the Crypt Presents: Demon Knight, kicked off 1995. Megadeth spent the first two months of the year on the "Youthanasia" tour with Corrosion of Conformity in tow. In March, the Hidden Treasures compilation hit European stores. The "Evolver: The Making of Youthanasia" home video followed in May, and Hidden Treasures made it to the U.S. and Japan in July, just in time for the start of the "Reckoning Day" tour with special guests Flotsam and Jetsam, Korn and Fear Factory. In September the band performed at the "Monsters of Rock" festival in South America, Peru.
A Grammy nomination for "Paranoid" began 1996 for Megadeth. Enlisting Fear singer Lee Ving, Mustaine released an album under the moniker "MD.45" with Suicidal Tendencies drummer Jimmy DeGrasso. In September, Megadeth returned to the studio, this time in Nashville, TN, to record Cryptic Writings.
Cryptic Writings (1997) included thrashing songs like "Vortex" and "FFF"—reminiscent of Megadeth's older material—alongside radio-friendly fare like "Trust", the song that put Megadeth on the No. 1 spot in the U.S. Billboard, earning them many spins at rock radio. Megadeth.com launched that year, and in June, the reformed Misfits opened for the band on tour. Chaos Comics released "The Cryptic Writings of Megadeth" comic books, and a remix of "Almost Honest" showed up on the "Mortal Kombat Annihilation" soundtrack. The first ever all-acoustic Megadeth performance in Buenos Aires, Argentina closed out the year in December.
Mustaine's daughter, Electra Mustaine, was born on January 28, 1998, the same month that "Trust" was nominated for a Grammy. Megadeth played on the Howard Stern Show and that summer took part in Ozzfest. As Nick Menza sat in the hospital side-lined by a knee injury, he received a call from Mustaine informing him that his services would no longer be needed. Jimmy DeGrasso, who Mustaine had enjoyed playing with in MD.45, joined Megadeth in his place. On New Year's Eve, Megadeth opened for Black Sabbath alongside Soulfly, Slayer, and Pantera.[citation needed]
While touring after Cryptic Writings, Mustaine told interviewers that songs like "She-Wolf" and "Vortex" had reinvigorated his love for classic music by bands like Iron Maiden and Motörhead, and that he intended to write an album that was "1/2 Peace Sells, 1/2 Cryptic Writings"; however, after hearing about a comment that Lars Ulrich had made in the press in which he said he wished Mustaine would take more "risks", intentions changed. Managers and producers had more input. The song "Crush 'Em" was written with the express purpose of being played in wrestling arenas. In later years, Mustaine would blame much of this period on Friedman's desire to go in a more "pop" direction. Recorded with producer Dann Huff, again in Nashville, Risk was released on August 31, 1999. "Crush 'Em" made it onto the Universal Soldier: The Return soundtrack and into WCW wrestling events (notably played live on Monday Nitro). In July, the band covered "Never Say Die" for a second Black Sabbath tribute. They closed the Woodstock '99 music festival and again opened for Iron Maiden in Europe. There were few other highlights in the Megadeth world in 1999, a year that ended with Marty Friedman announcing his departure from the band.
The 2000s[edit]
As the tour behind Risk soldiered on, Al Pitrelli replaced Friedman on the road. In April, the new lineup entered the studio to begin work on a new album a couple of months before they officially parted ways with Capitol Records. The summer was spent on the road with Anthrax and Mötley Crüe. Capitol released a "best of" collection in the fall, Capitol Punishment: The Megadeth Years, featuring two brand new (and more metal-leaning) songs, "Dread and the Fugitive Mind" was one of the brand new songs and appeared on the next studio album the following year. With a new deal in place with Sanctuary Records, Megadeth returned to the studio toward the end of the year to finish their album and on New Year's Eve, played a show in Anchorage, Alaska.
An acoustic tour sponsored by radio stations, a press tour, and a video shoot for the song "Moto Psycho" all preceded the May 2001 release of The World Needs A Hero. The summer was filled with festival appearances supporting AC/DC. In September, Megadeth set out across North America with Endo and Iced Earth. VH1's "Behind The Music" special on Megadeth aired that year and was later released on DVD. At the end of the year, the band filmed two shows in Arizona, which were released as the 2CD and DVD Rude Awakening. The early part of 2002 saw the release of a remixed and re-mastered Killing Is My Business... with bonus tracks and expanded packaging, followed by Rude Awakening.
In January 2002, Mustaine was admitted to the hospital to get a kidney stone removed. While undergoing treatment, he was administered pain medication that triggered a relapse. Following his hospital stay, he immediately checked himself into a treatment center in Texas.[16] While at the treatment center, Mustaine suffered a freak injury causing severe nerve damage to his left arm. The injury, induced by falling asleep with his left arm over the back of a chair,[citation needed] caused compression of the radial nerve. He was diagnosed with radial neuropathy,[17] also known as Saturday Night Palsy, which left him unable to grasp or even make a fist with his left hand.[18]
On April 3, 2002, Mustaine announced in a press release that he was disbanding Megadeth, officially due to his arm injury.[17][18] For the next four months, Mustaine underwent intense physical therapy five days a week.[16] Slowly, Mustaine began to play again, but was forced to "re-teach" his left hand.
Mustaine himself gave what he called "the Reader's Digest version" of the whole matter during an interview for SuicideGirls: "I went into retirement because my arm got hurt really bad. I broke up the band which at the time was Al Pitrelli, Dave Ellefson, Jimmy DeGrasso, and myself. I was having problems with Al because he liked to drink, and we didn't want to show up at places with him drunk. Al also got married to a nice woman, but he wanted to spend time with her. After a few years, most married men are willing to die, so I figured if we got a couple years into the marriage that might have changed. But the fact was, Al wasn't fitting. DeGrasso was really hard to be around because he was so negative all the time with his complaining about money and wanting things. Ellefson was all about 'play my songs, play my songs.' I hated being around these guys so when the arm injury happened, it was a welcome relief and an indication that I had to stop."[19]
Mustaine went through physical therapy for his arm injury. During his recovery, he explored other areas of the music industry, including production. Contrary to what doctors had predicted, within a short time he fully recovered. However, all was mostly quiet on the Megadeth front for the better part of 2003. Mustaine left Jackson guitars, did a solo acoustic performance at a benefit show, unveiled his new ESP model at the NAMM convention, and oversaw the release of Peace Sells... but Who's Buying? as an audio DVD presented in Dolby 5.1 surround.
At the same time, Mustaine's personal life once again underwent change. It was during this period that Mustaine became a Christian. He expressed his intent to withdraw from a show in Greece that had Rotting Christ and Dissection opening for Megadeth.[20][21] Mustaine told The Daily Times during a recent interview, his own world was already shattered, and becoming a Christian was the one way he's found to put the pieces back together. "I went back to being a Jehovah's Witness, but I wasn't happy with that." He later said in an interview, "Looking up at the cross, I said six simple words, 'What have I got to lose?' Afterwards my whole life has changed. It's been hard, but I wouldn't change it for anything. Rather go my whole life believing that there is a God and find out there isn't than live my whole life thinking there isn't a God and then find out, when I die, that there is."[22] Mustaine also considers his talent a gift from God. "To be the No. 1 rated guitar player in the world is a gift from God and I'm stoked about it, but I think Christ is better than I am, anyway," he said. "Either way, I don't put too much earthly merit on it."[22]
In 2004 Mustaine oversaw the remixing and re-mastering of Megadeth's entire Capitol Records catalog. All albums were re-released with bonus tracks and full liner notes. With one album remaining in his contract to Sanctuary Records, Mustaine began recording what he intended to be the first Dave Mustaine solo album with drummer Vinnie Colaiuta and bassist Jimmy Sloas. Complete with guest solos from old friend Chris Poland, this project became a new Megadeth album, The System Has Failed, released September 14, 2004. One month before, Mustaine announced a new touring lineup for Megadeth: Glen Drover (King Diamond/Eidolon) and James MacDonough (Iced Earth). Nick Menza had briefly been a part of the new band before differences once again caused his departure. One week before a new US tour with Exodus supporting, new drummer (and Glen's brother) Shawn Drover (Eidolon) joined Megadeth.



 Dave Mustaine at a Gigantour show in Orlando, FL
The "Blackmail The Universe" tour started in February 2005 with Diamond Head and Dungeon supporting. Capitol released a new greatest hits, Back to the Start, in June, a month before Mustaine created "Gigantour" with Dream Theater, Anthrax, Fear Factory, Symphony X, Dillinger Escape Plan, Life of Agony, and more. During 2005 Gigantour Mustaine brought a "spiritual counselor" to help him avoid the problems that almost cost him his life due to his prior drug addictions. The Dillinger Escape Plan frontman Greg Puciato stated: "He had a pastor walking around with him on tour and riding on his bus, I think to help keep him on the straight and narrow path."[23]
Arsenal of Megadeth, a two-disc anthology DVD, was released in March 2006. Bass player James LoMenzo (Black Label Society, White Lion) replaced James MacDonough in February shortly before the band headed to the Dubai Desert Rock Festival in the United Arab Emirates. On April 19, the band began recording a new album, United Abominations, at SARM studios in the UK (David Gilmour's house), they announced a worldwide deal with Roadrunner Records in May 2006. United Abominations was released worldwide on May 15, 2007. However, the album had already been leaked before its release. On January 13, 2008, Dave Mustaine confirmed that guitarist Glen Drover had quit Megadeth to focus on his family and that he had been replaced by Chris Broderick of Jag Panzer. The new lineup made its live debut in Finland on February 4 and returned to the US for Gigantour 2008 in the spring.[24] A 12th studio album titled Endgame was released on September 15, 2009.
Mustaine planned to open Megadeth's California recording studio to under-privileged children to teach them about rock 'n' roll. The band owns a building in San Diego, California, which has housed their recording equipment over the years. In an interview with Kerrang, Mustaine wanted to make better use of the studio by turning the space into a learning center for children who come from under-privileged backgrounds. He also said he vowed to teach them how to play instruments.[25]
The 2010s[edit]
Longtime bassist David Ellefson has re-joined Megadeth 8 years after its disbanding in 2002. Ellefson and Mustaine have agreed to keep any unresolved issues in the past and are working on building and maintaining their friendship again. Ellefson has since gone on to say that he feels that "having that time away created a realization for both of us that while we are both productive individually, Megadeth is definitely stronger with both of us in it together."[26] Megadeth embarked on a Rust In Peace 20th anniversary tour, playing the album in its entirety, along with fan favorites such as "Wake Up Dead", "In My Darkest Hour" and "Skin O' My Teeth".
On June 16 for the first time ever "The Big Four" (Metallica, Slayer, Megadeth and Anthrax) of thrash shared the stage in Warsaw, Poland. The event happened in various other countries like Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States, Greece, Germany, Sweden and ended at the Yankee Stadium of New York City on September 14, 2011. "The Big Four" show in Sofia, Bulgaria was recorded and released on Blu-ray and DVD.
On August 3, Mustaine released his autobiography in the US, titled Mustaine: A Heavy Metal Memoir. The book covers Mustaine's life from childhood until the release of the 2009 Megadeth album Endgame. The book was released in the UK, Europe, Australia and New Zealand under the title Mustaine: A Life in Metal. In December 2011, Mustaine appeared at Metallica's 30 year anniversary celebration at the Fillmore Theater and performed five songs from Metallica's debut album. On October 4, 2014, Mustaine's Alzheimer's-afflicted mother-in-law went missing from a campground. Her remains were discovered on November 26.[27]
Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock[edit]
Dave Mustaine composed the song "Sudden Death" for Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock under the name of his band. The game also features two additional Megadeth titles, "Holy Wars... The Punishment Due" and "This Day We Fight!". Megadeth downloadable content is also available; the tracks "Hangar 18", "Symphony of Destruction" and "Peace Sells" can be purchased.
Gigantour[edit]
In the summer of 2005, Mustaine launched a travelling North American metal festival. He named it Gigantour after a favorite childhood cartoon of his, Gigantor. It spanned six weeks and was co-headlined by Megadeth and Dream Theater, with a variety of other supporting metal acts such as Fear Factory and The Dillinger Escape Plan. Mustaine has been quoted as saying that his main intention when conceiving the tour was to bring the American metal audiences an eclectic and affordable alternative to Ozzfest.
The second annual Gigantour began in September 2006 and was composed of Megadeth, Lamb of God, Opeth, and Arch Enemy. The second stage bands were Overkill, Into Eternity, Sanctity, and The Smash Up.
The 2007 Gigantour featured Bring Me the Horizon, Static-X, DevilDriver, and Lacuna Coil along with Megadeth. Megadeth appeared on their first tour to Banglore, India in March 2008.
The 2008 installment of the tour featured Megadeth, Children of Bodom, In Flames, High on Fire, and Job for a Cowboy (and Evile for the UK and Scandinavia tour).[28]
Megadeth Blood in the Water: Live in San Diego (from the Gigantour 2008) premiered on HDNet Sunday November 2 at 8PMET in high definition and 5.1 audio (Repeats check www.hd.net)
In November 2011, it was announced the Gigantour would start up again. The lineup consists of Megadeth, Motörhead, Volbeat, and Lacuna Coil. The tour kicked off at the Susquehanna Bank Center in Camden, NJ on Jan 26, 2012.
Equipment[edit]



 A KV1, same model played by Mustaine before the Y2KV was created.
Mustaine used B.C. Rich guitars early in his career (and for his entire duration with Metallica), most notably a B.C. Rich Bich 10 string with just the regular six strings. First the guitar started in a natural finish, but Dave painted it black around the time 'Peace Sells' was released. In 1987 he switched to Jackson guitars.
In March 2009, while he was guest hosting Bruce Dickinson's Friday night radio show, Mustaine attributed his choice of the Flying V guitar to being a fan of UFO's Michael Schenker when he was growing up.
After switching to Jackson Guitars he helped to re-design the guitar maker's version of the King V model (at the time, it was a "double Rhoads size" meaning it had two of the longer fins from the RR). The reshaped Mustaine KV1 model had slightly shorter fins, Kahler bridge and Seymour Duncan TB-5 bridge and SH-4 neck pickups. He also specified 24 frets rather than the original King V's 22, a tradition that Jackson still keeps on its King V models today, and the KV1, as have all of Mustaine's signature models, also featured a smaller, medium fretwire compared to the extra jumbos featured on most Jacksons.
Mustaine later switched to ESP Guitars. The company released the DV8 signature model in the 2004 NAMM convention also at which time Mustaine announced his ESP endorsement deal. In 2005, Mustaine and ESP teamed up to release the ESP Axxion, (pronounced Action), in order to celebrate Megadeth's 20th anniversary.(the XX in Axxion and the fretboard inlays being the number 20 in Roman numerals) The ESP Axxion and ESP DV8 were both successful and cheaper models such as the LTD-DV8 R, LTD DV200 and the LTD Axxion were released to target a bigger market.



 Dave Mustaine with his Dean VMNT USA Gears of War guitar, during the United Abominations tour
However, on December 6, 2006, Dave Mustaine announced that he was leaving ESP guitars and shifting his endorsement to Dean Guitars. His new signature guitar was revealed during NAMM Show on January 19, 2007. The signature guitar is called the Dean VMNT. The V-shaped guitar is very similar to his earlier Jackson and ESP Signature models. The release campaign of the VMNT had a limited copy of only 150 in the world and are signed by Dave Mustaine. This was posted on the website.
"After two successful years, I have decided to leave ESP guitars. This was a business decision and had nothing to do with the guitars or the manufacturing of the guitars, and I wish the staff of ESP, both in the USA and in Japan and Korea the very best of health and prosperity. Meanwhile, I am taking my Classic Metal V known formerly as a Jackson King V1 or an ESP DV8, and my new guitar design presently known as an Axxion, which was the recipient of the Gold Award from Guitar World Magazine for 2005 for new guitar designs with me. I will also be re-introducing through my new endorsement many special models, including re-issues of my old models from over the span of my career, as well as some retro V shapes, similar to the formerly known Jackson Y2KV or a Gibson Flying V. I will make my announcement and be attending the 2007 NAMM show to meet Megadeth fans and all metal fans, musicians of all styles-especially guitarists."



 Dave Mustaine performing with Megadeth in Hartford, CT, with his Dean Zero.
Today he uses his signature models by Dean Guitars, the Dean VMNT and Zero. The USA models were available briefly in limited run after release, although the Korean and Chinese models are in continuous production. Mustaine uses the USA and Korean models on stage.
Dave Mustaine has also recently collaborated with Marshall in order to produce the 1960DM Dave Mustaine Signature Cabinets. He is now using his signature Marshall cabinets on tour.
Dave Mustaine endorses Seymour Duncan and has his own Signature Live Wire pickups and uses Cleartone strings (.011 - .054 for D tuning, .010 - .052 for E tuning[29]).
The Dean Zero debuted in 2010 with Dean guitars was a unique new shape for Dave, resembling the Gibson Explorer with sharper points. Dave has made a few appearances so far with this guitar, performing on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon and on shows during the Australian tour with Slayer. He has also used the guitar in the later dates of the 2009 Endgame tour and continues to use it to this day. He says he primarily still uses his VMNT's so he can grab on to the lower horn with his legs for certain songs.[30]
He has also used Ovation acoustic guitars for most of his career. However, he stopped endorsing the company after receiving a signature acoustic from Dean, dubbed the Mako.[30][31]
Mustaine also has his own signature Zoom pedal, called the Zoom G2.1DM.
Guitar playing[edit]
In 2004, Guitar World magazine ranked Dave Mustaine and Marty Friedman together at No. 19 on the 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists of All Time.
In 2009, Mustaine was named the No. 1 player in Joel McIver's book The 100 Greatest Metal Guitarists. As he told Classic Rock magazine in September 2009: "It was especially sweet when I found out that Joel has written books on Metallica. Every page I turned, I became more excited. I get to Number 5 and it's Kirk Hammett, and I thought, 'Thank you, God'. At that point it didn't matter [which position I was]. To be better than both of them [James Hetfield and Hammett] meant so much – it's been one of the pet peeves of my career and I've never known how to deal with it. All I thought was – I win!"
Personal life[edit]
Mustaine married Pamela Anne Casselberry in 1991.[32] They have a son who also plays guitar and has appeared in several local theatrical productions,[33] and a daughter.
In 2011, Mustaine said that his neck and spine condition, known as stenosis was caused by many years of headbanging.[34]
Christianity[edit]
Mustaine was raised as a Jehovah's Witness[35] and is now a born again Christian.[36] In 1988, in response to the British government's criticism of homosexuality, Mustaine said: "More power to them. It says in the Bible that men should not lay with men like they lay with women. I mean I don't wanna fuck up and not go to heaven."[37] In an answer to a question about Judas Priest having an overt homosexual image, "I don't wanna talk about this. The last thing I need is a bunch of homos picketing us."[37] In 2012, on KIRO-FM he was asked if he supports gay marriage and replied: "Well, since I'm not gay, the answer to that would be no."[38][39] He was then asked if he would support legislation to make gay marriage legal and said, "I'm Christian. The answer to that would be no."[38]
Mustaine began to focus on his Christian faith more directly while attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings, and became a committed Christian.[36] It has become his policy not to appear with any band that is seen as black metal or satanic, such as declining to appear in a music festival in Greece with the band Rotting Christ as well as in Israel with the band Dissection.[20]
Mustaine had practiced black magic in his teenage years, which became inspiration for a couple of songs on the second album Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?. Mustaine stated that it was emotionally difficult to play those tracks because of his changed spiritual beliefs.

"Performance wise, "The Conjuring" is one of the heaviest songs on the record, but unfortunately it's got black magic in it and I promised that I wouldn't play it any more, because there's a lot of instructions for hexes in that song. When I got into black magic I put a couple of spells on people when I was a teenager and it haunted me forever, and I've had so much torment. So I look back now and I think, 'Hmm, I don't wanna play 'The Conjuring'."[40]
—Dave Mustaine, on playing "The Conjuring" live
Politics[edit]
Over his career, Mustaine has made numerous comments about both American and international politics, criticizing both politicians and political issues. In addition, Mustaine covered the 1992 Democratic National Convention for MTV.[41]
In a confrontational 1988 interview with Sounds journalist Roy Wilkinson, Mustaine spoke against illegal immigration, and stated that he would "build a great wall along the Mexican border and not let anybody in..." if he were President of the United States.[37]
In 1988, Mustaine caused a riot when Megadeth played a concert in Northern Ireland after he "unwittingly" expressed support for the Irish Republican Army (IRA) regarding the problems between Northern Ireland's Catholic and Protestant communities.[42][43] This incident occurred amid a period of turmoil in the province known as the Troubles.
In 2009, Mustaine discussed the influence radio host Alex Jones' films and ideas have had on him and his music.[44] Specifically, Mustaine said that he wrote the album Endgame based on Jones' film Endgame in order to educate his fans and the general public about the march towards a New World Order and Global government.[45]
Criticism of Barack Obama and 2012 U.S. Presidential election[edit]
In the 2010s, Mustaine grew increasingly vocal in his support of many Republican figures and positions, which is a change from his politics during the George H. W. Bush administration, when Mustaine acted as a reporter for MTV News during the Democratic National Convention in 1992, and was seen as leaning to the political left, in light of the lyrics of "Foreclosure of a Dream".[46]
Mustaine has criticized several Democratic Party politicians. During the 2004 presidential campaign, Mustaine commented that he believed that John Kerry would "ruin our country".[47] In addition, Mustaine has made several comments critical of president Barack Obama, calling him "the most divisive president we've ever had" in 2011,[48] and commenting that he believed that Obama was born outside of the United States during a March 2012 interview on George Stroumboulopoulos Tonight.[49]
In an August 2012 Singapore performance on the tour to support the band's then-new album Thirteen, Mustaine expressed his views of President Obama and recent gun violence in the United States, making an accusation that Obama had staged the mass shooting in Aurora, CO and the Wisconsin Sikh temple shooting in order to push a gun control agenda, while engaging the audience during onstage banter in between songs. Mustaine also criticized the 'Fast and Furious' arms scandal and said that the country looked like it was turning into "Nazi America."[50][51][52]
The comments drew much criticism. Entertainment news outlet TMZ showed footage of Mustaine's statements to a wounded Aurora massacre survivor, Carli Richards. Richards said he was being "absurd" and that his conspiracy theory shifted blame away from the shooter, noting that "[the president] didn't shoot me."[53][54] In response to the controversy over his comments Mustaine told radio host Alex Jones that his comments were done "In the heat of the moment." He also denied any intention to hurt anyone with his comments, but believed that the possibility of a conspiracy should still be looked into.[55]
In February 2012, Mustaine gave a statement supportive of the presidential campaign of former conservative Republican Pennsylvania Senator Rick Santorum. Mustaine commented on Santorum's "presidential qualities." Mustaine pointed to Santorum's temporary suspension of his campaign to be with his sick daughter as the act that gained his attention and respect. He expressed his hope that Santorum would win the nomination but stated that regardless of the results he would be voting against a second term for President Barack Obama. Mustaine also criticized other Republican presidential candidates. Mustaine was critical of a $100 million trust fund that Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney set up for his sons. He criticized Texas Congressman Ron Paul for his unorthodox political views saying Paul "make[s] total sense for a while, and then he'll say something so way out that it negates everything else". Mustaine also admitted that he once supported former Georgia Congressman and House Speaker Newt Gingrich, but that he no longer thought he could vote for him.[56][57]
Mustaine denied that his statement was intended as an endorsement of Santorum.[58]
Martial arts[edit]
Dave Mustaine holds black belts in Taekwondo WTF and Ukidokan Karate. In 2007, he was made a Goodwill Ambassador of the World by the World Taekwondo Federation.[59]
Cameo appearances[edit]
Dave Mustaine has appeared on various television shows:
In 1992 Mustaine covered the Democratic National Convention for MTV. He also hosted the MTV2 Television Network's series Headbanger's Ball on two occasions: once on a tribute to Dimebag Darrell in December 2004 and the second time as a special guest on an episode that aired August 27, 2005. He also played the song "Gears of War" with Megadeth on an episode about the video game release under the same name.
Dave Mustaine makes an appearance on the 1998 The Drew Carey Show episode entitled "In Ramada Da Vida". When Drew and the gang decide to start a band, they audition guitarists, including Mustaine. After Mustaine plays a fast guitar solo, Lewis Kiniski tells him "Don't be nervous, son, just slow down," to which Mustaine replies, "It's supposed to sound that way." Drew replies by saying, "Yeah, sure it is ... next."[60]
In the episode "Love Burns" of the science fiction TV series Black Scorpion, Mustaine plays Torchy Thompson, a vengeful arsonist.
Dave Mustaine and Megadeth appear in the Duck Dodgers 2006 episode "In Space, Nobody can Hear you Rock/Ridealong Calamity", the second-to-last episode of the series.[60] In the show, Mustaine plays a cryogenically frozen version of himself. He is unfrozen because the main cast requires an incredibly loud noise to overload a Martian sonic weapon, and "nobody rocks harder, faster, or louder than Dave Mustaine." He is referred to by a documentary as being "genetically engineered to rock and raised by wolverines", though Mustaine denied these theories. During this episode he played the song "Back in the Day" from the album The System Has Failed. Mustaine appeared again in the show in the final episode, Bonafide Hero: Captain Duck Dodgers.
Mustaine appeared on the second episode of season 8 on the television show Never Mind the Buzzcocks.
Mustaine and Megadeth appeared in promotional videos for the NHL team Philadelphia Flyers in response to an inflammatory comment by Mike Wise in The Washington Post that suggested that some of the Flyers' fans could work security for Megadeth.[61] Mustaine invited them to do so. Megadeth all wore Flyers' jerseys. Mustaine sported the one of team captain Jason Smith, while other members wore the jerseys of Danny Brière, Martin Biron and Mike Richards.
Mustaine appeared in an episode of Rock & Roll Jeopardy! along with George Clinton and Moon Zappa. He won the game in a landslide victory.
See also[edit]
Megadeth discography
MD.45
Gigantour
Red Lamb
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Megadeth frontman forms new band Red Lamb". NME News. 9 May 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
2.Jump up ^ "Megadeth History confirms the founders of Megadeth". Megadeth. 2014. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
3.Jump up ^ "See Dave Mustaine's 10 Most Prized Possessions (Including Mini Horse!)". Spin. November 21, 2011. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
4.Jump up ^ "Yahoo! Groups". Groups.yahoo.com. June 22, 2005. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
5.Jump up ^ Bresky, Ben (August 8, 2005). Megadeth Play Israel
6.Jump up ^ "Dave's band Panic?". official Megadeth website. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c "Megadeth vs. Metallica". The Realms of Deth. Retrieved May 16, 2008.
8.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine". MetWorld. Retrieved May 16, 2008.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c Layden, p. 103
10.^ Jump up to: a b c Layden, p. 105
11.Jump up ^ Layden, p. 106
12.Jump up ^ Layden, p. 108
13.^ Jump up to: a b Layden
14.Jump up ^ Layden, p. 109
15.Jump up ^ Killing Is My Business... And Business Is Good remastered liner notes
16.^ Jump up to: a b Epstein, Dan (August 2003). "Die Another Day". Guitar World. Retrieved November 21, 2006.
17.^ Jump up to: a b "Injury Forces Mustaine To Disband Megadeth". Billboard. April 3, 2002. Retrieved May 1, 2015.
18.^ Jump up to: a b "Megadeth Disbands Press Release". Megadeth's Official website. 2006. Retrieved November 15, 2006.[dead link]
19.Jump up ^ Daniel Robert Epstein (September 14, 2004). "Megadeth – Dave Mustaine". SuicideGirls.com. Retrieved May 16, 2008.
20.^ Jump up to: a b "Dave Mustaine vs. Satanic Bands". ultimate-guitar.com. May 9, 2005.
21.Jump up ^ "Rotting Christ interview at". Tartareandesire.com. September 22, 2005. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
22.^ Jump up to: a b Wildsmith, Steve (November 19, 2009). "ONWARD CHRISTIAN SOLDIER: Megadeth's Dave Mustaine talks of his spiritual reinvention".
23.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine takes a Pastor on tour". Blabbermouth.net. Retrieved October 21, 2005.
24.Jump up ^ "Press Release". Megadeth.com. January 14, 2008. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
25.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine to Open School of Rock". ultimate-guitar.com. Retrieved August 14, 2009.
26.Jump up ^ "ThePOGG Interviews – Dave Ellefson – Founding member of Megadeth". Retrieved November 6, 2012.
27.Jump up ^ "Body of Missing Woman Found in Julian". cbs8.com. November 27, 2014. Retrieved November 28, 2014.
28.Jump up ^ "Gigantour 2008 lineup". Roadrunnerrecords.com. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
29.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine". Megadeth.com. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
30.^ Jump up to: a b "Dean Electric Guitars-Acoustic Guitars-Bass Guitars". Deanguitars.com. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
31.Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
32.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine Says That He Knows That He Doesn't Make Lars Ulrich "Comfortable" | Rock News | Eddie Trunk". Web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 2009-09-13. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
33.Jump up ^ [2] San Diego Reader, Dave Mustaine Bio
34.Jump up ^ "Ouch! Headbanging Hurts… « 100.7 WZLX". Wzlx.cbslocal.com. 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
35.Jump up ^ Jodi Beth Summers talks to Dave Mustaine, "Out to Lunch", Hit Parader, June 1987
36.^ Jump up to: a b "Dave Mustaine Explains Why He Refuses To Share Stage With His 'Confessed Enemy' - Blabbermouth.net". Roadrunnerrecords.com. 2007-05-08. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
37.^ Jump up to: a b c Roy Wilkinson, "MegaDumb: Interview with Dave Mustaine", Sounds, May 28, 1988, Page 23
38.^ Jump up to: a b "Blabbermouth.net". Legacy.roadrunnerrecords.com. 2013-04-17. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
39.Jump up ^ Kornelis, Chris (February 15, 2012) Megadeth's Dave Mustaine Is Not Necessarily Voting For Santorum, But He Does Oppose Gay Marriage, and Won't Play Bass With Metallica, Seattle Weekly.
40.Jump up ^ Parker, Matthiew (March 18, 2011). "Dave Mustaine: "Black magic ruined my life!"". Total Guitar. Music Radar. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
41.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine | Biography". AllMusic. 1961-09-13. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
42.Jump up ^ "Mustaine's Terrorist Blunder". Contactmusic.com. 2005-11-12. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
43.Jump up ^ Interview by Chris Salmon. "State of the Union. Tim Wheeler reflects on the musical tradition of Northern Ireland | Music". The Guardian. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
44.Jump up ^ "The Alex Jones Show – L I V E – September 25th With Dave Mustaine". Prison Planet.com. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
45.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine: ''Endgame' Is About People Being Run By The People Who Have Money' | Music News @". Ultimate-guitar.com. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
46.Jump up ^ Sacks, Ethan (February 15, 2012). "Megadeth's Dave Mustaine endorses Rick Santorum for President – big change for one-time GOP critic". Daily News (New York).
47.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine Says John Kerry Will 'Ruin Our Country' - Blabbermouth.net". Roadrunnerrecords.com. 2004-10-25. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
48.Jump up ^ "DAVE MUSTAINE Says OBAMA Is 'The Most Divisive President We've Ever Had'". Roadrunnerrecords.com. October 25, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
49.Jump up ^ "Megadeth singer gives Santorum a thumbs-up". CBC News. March 26, 2012.
50.Jump up ^ Ferner, Matt (August 15, 2012). "Dave Mustaine, Megadeth Singer, Says Obama 'Staged' Aurora Shooting, Sikh Temple Shooting To Pass A Gun Ban". The Huffington Post.
51.Jump up ^ Marc Schneider (August 16, 2012). "Dave Mustaine: Obama Staged Aurora, Sikh Temple Shootings".
52.Jump up ^ Eakin, Marah (August 15, 2012). "Dave Mustaine thinks Obama staged the shootings in Colorado and Wisconsin". The AV Club.
53.Jump up ^ Stenovec, Timothy (August 17, 2012). "Carli Richards, Aurora Shooting Survivor, Responds To Megadeth Singer's Obama 'Staged' Comment". The Huffington Post.
54.Jump up ^ "'Batman' Massacre Victim to Megadeth Singer: Don't Blame Obama!". tmz.com. August 16, 2012.
55.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine addresses shooting comments controversy". San Francisco Chronicle. August 17, 2012.
56.Jump up ^ "Megadeath frontman wants to see Rick Santorum in the White House, report says". Fox News (News Core). February 15, 2012. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
57.Jump up ^ Joe Bosso. "Interview: Megadeth's Dave Mustaine talks guitar, politics and today's music | Guitar News". MusicRadar. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
58.Jump up ^ "Dave Mustaine: I'm Not Ready to Endorse Rick Santorum". Rolling Stone. 2012-02-16. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
59.Jump up ^ ""Taekwondo Changed My Life" Says Megadeth Leader Dave Mustaine". wtf.org.
60.^ Jump up to: a b "Dave Mustaine". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
61.Jump up ^ Wise, Mike (April 16, 2008) "Beaten to the Punch", The Washington Post.
Bibliography[edit]
Layden, Joe (2011). Mustaine: A Heavy Metal Memoir. HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 9780061714405.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dave Mustaine.
Official Megadeth website
Dave Mustaine at the Internet Movie Database



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Original Metallica lead guitarist
1981–1983 Succeeded by
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Gloria Naylor

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Gloria Naylor
Gloria Naylor by David Shankbone.jpg
Born
January 25, 1950 (age 65)
New York, United States
Nationality
American
Ethnicity
African
Occupation
novelist
Gloria Naylor (born January 25, 1950) is an American novelist.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Career
3 Influence
4 Works
5 Awards
6 Further reading
7 References
8 External links

Early life and education[edit]
Naylor was born in New York on January 25, 1950, the oldest child of Roosevelt Naylor and Alberta McAlpin. The Naylors, who had been sharecroppers in Robinsonville, Mississippi, had migrated to Harlem to escape life in the segregated South. [1] Her father became a transit worker; her mother, a telephone operator. Even though Naylor’s mother had little education, she loved to read, and encouraged her daughter to read and keep a journal. [2]
In 1963, Naylor's family moved to Queens and her mother joined the Jehovah's Witnesses. An outstanding student who read voraciously, Naylor was placed into advanced classes in high school, where she immersed herself in the work of nineteenth century British novelists. Her educational aspirations, however, were delayed by the shock of the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. in her senior year. She decided to postpone her college education, becoming a missionary for the Jehovah’s Witnesses in New York, North Carolina, and Florida instead. She left seven years later as "things weren't getting better, but worse.”[3]
Naylor earned her bachelor’s degree in English at Brooklyn College of the City University of New York in 1981. She obtained a master’s degree in African American Studies from Yale University in 1983.
Career[edit]
Naylor's debut novel The Women of Brewster Place was published in 1982 and won the 1983 National Book Award in the category First Novel.[4] It was adapted as a 1989 film of the same name by Oprah Winfrey's Harpo Productions.
During her career as a professor, Naylor taught writing and literature at several universities, including George Washington University, New York University, Boston University, and Cornell University.
Influence[edit]
During her studies at Brooklyn College, Naylor became immersed in the works of African-American female authors such as Zora Neale Hurston, Alice Walker, and especially Toni Morrison. Drawing inspiration from these authors, Naylor began writing stories centered on the lives of African-American women, which resulted in her first novel, The Women of Brewster Place. [5]
Works[edit]
The Women of Brewster Place (1982), ISBN 0-7868-6421-4
Linden Hills (1985), ISBN 0-14-008829-6
The Meanings of a Word (1986)
Mama Day (1988), ISBN 0-89919-716-7
Bailey's Cafe (1992), ISBN 0-15-110450-6
Children of the Night: The Best Short Stories by Black Writers, 1967 to the Present (1995), ISBN 0-316-59926-3 (editor)
The Men of Brewster Place (1999), ISBN 0-7868-8405-3
1996 (2005), ISBN 0-88378-263-4
Awards[edit]
National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship, 1985
Guggenheim Fellowship, 1988 [5]
Lillian Smith Award, 1989. [2]
Further reading[edit]
Prahlad, Sw. Anand. 1998. "All chickens come home to roost: The function of proverbs in Gloria Naylor's Mama Day." Proverbium, 15: 265-282.
Drieling Claudia, 2011. Constructs of "Home" in Gloria Naylor's Quartet. Würzburg, Germany: Königshausen & Neumann, 325 pp. ISBN 978-3-8260-4492-2.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Gloria Naylor." YourDictionary.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Decker, Ed and Jennifer York. "Naylor, Gloria 1950–." Contemporary Black Biography. 2004.
3.Jump up ^ "Gloria Naylor." Voices from the Gaps. 1996. University of Minnesota. 2012.
4.Jump up ^ "National Book Awards – 1983". National Book Foundation. Retrieved 2012-02-28. (With acceptance speech by Naylor and essays by Rachel Helgeson and Felicia Pride from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.)
• First novels or first works of fiction were recognized from 1980 to 1985.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "Naylor, Gloria." Critical Survey of Long Fiction. Ed. Carl Rollyson. 4th ed. Vol. 6. Pasadena, CA: Salem Press, 2010. 3321-3327.
External links[edit]
Biography at aalbc.com
"Award Winning Author Gloria Naylor Donates Archives to SHU"


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Gloria Naylor

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Gloria Naylor
Gloria Naylor by David Shankbone.jpg
Born
January 25, 1950 (age 65)
New York, United States
Nationality
American
Ethnicity
African
Occupation
novelist
Gloria Naylor (born January 25, 1950) is an American novelist.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Career
3 Influence
4 Works
5 Awards
6 Further reading
7 References
8 External links

Early life and education[edit]
Naylor was born in New York on January 25, 1950, the oldest child of Roosevelt Naylor and Alberta McAlpin. The Naylors, who had been sharecroppers in Robinsonville, Mississippi, had migrated to Harlem to escape life in the segregated South. [1] Her father became a transit worker; her mother, a telephone operator. Even though Naylor’s mother had little education, she loved to read, and encouraged her daughter to read and keep a journal. [2]
In 1963, Naylor's family moved to Queens and her mother joined the Jehovah's Witnesses. An outstanding student who read voraciously, Naylor was placed into advanced classes in high school, where she immersed herself in the work of nineteenth century British novelists. Her educational aspirations, however, were delayed by the shock of the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. in her senior year. She decided to postpone her college education, becoming a missionary for the Jehovah’s Witnesses in New York, North Carolina, and Florida instead. She left seven years later as "things weren't getting better, but worse.”[3]
Naylor earned her bachelor’s degree in English at Brooklyn College of the City University of New York in 1981. She obtained a master’s degree in African American Studies from Yale University in 1983.
Career[edit]
Naylor's debut novel The Women of Brewster Place was published in 1982 and won the 1983 National Book Award in the category First Novel.[4] It was adapted as a 1989 film of the same name by Oprah Winfrey's Harpo Productions.
During her career as a professor, Naylor taught writing and literature at several universities, including George Washington University, New York University, Boston University, and Cornell University.
Influence[edit]
During her studies at Brooklyn College, Naylor became immersed in the works of African-American female authors such as Zora Neale Hurston, Alice Walker, and especially Toni Morrison. Drawing inspiration from these authors, Naylor began writing stories centered on the lives of African-American women, which resulted in her first novel, The Women of Brewster Place. [5]
Works[edit]
The Women of Brewster Place (1982), ISBN 0-7868-6421-4
Linden Hills (1985), ISBN 0-14-008829-6
The Meanings of a Word (1986)
Mama Day (1988), ISBN 0-89919-716-7
Bailey's Cafe (1992), ISBN 0-15-110450-6
Children of the Night: The Best Short Stories by Black Writers, 1967 to the Present (1995), ISBN 0-316-59926-3 (editor)
The Men of Brewster Place (1999), ISBN 0-7868-8405-3
1996 (2005), ISBN 0-88378-263-4
Awards[edit]
National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship, 1985
Guggenheim Fellowship, 1988 [5]
Lillian Smith Award, 1989. [2]
Further reading[edit]
Prahlad, Sw. Anand. 1998. "All chickens come home to roost: The function of proverbs in Gloria Naylor's Mama Day." Proverbium, 15: 265-282.
Drieling Claudia, 2011. Constructs of "Home" in Gloria Naylor's Quartet. Würzburg, Germany: Königshausen & Neumann, 325 pp. ISBN 978-3-8260-4492-2.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Gloria Naylor." YourDictionary.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Decker, Ed and Jennifer York. "Naylor, Gloria 1950–." Contemporary Black Biography. 2004.
3.Jump up ^ "Gloria Naylor." Voices from the Gaps. 1996. University of Minnesota. 2012.
4.Jump up ^ "National Book Awards – 1983". National Book Foundation. Retrieved 2012-02-28. (With acceptance speech by Naylor and essays by Rachel Helgeson and Felicia Pride from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.)
• First novels or first works of fiction were recognized from 1980 to 1985.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "Naylor, Gloria." Critical Survey of Long Fiction. Ed. Carl Rollyson. 4th ed. Vol. 6. Pasadena, CA: Salem Press, 2010. 3321-3327.
External links[edit]
Biography at aalbc.com
"Award Winning Author Gloria Naylor Donates Archives to SHU"


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Living people
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
African-American novelists
African-American women writers
American women novelists
Brooklyn College alumni
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
Guggenheim Fellows
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Yale University alumni
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Oliver Pocher

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Jump to: navigation, search



 This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please help improve this article if you can. (June 2010)

Oliver Pocher
Oliver-Pocher-foto.jpg
Oliver Pocher in 2010.

Born
18 February 1978 (age 37)
Hanover, West Germany
Nationality
German
Years active
1999 - present
Genres
Stand-up comedy, Observational comedy
Spouse
Alessandra Meyer-Wölden (m. 2010–14)
Notable works and roles
Rent a Pocher (2003-2006)
Schmidt & Pocher
Die Oliver Pocher Show
Website
Official Website
Oliver Pocher (born 18 February 1978 in Hanover, West Germany) is a German actor, stand-up comedian and television host.


Contents  [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 Early life and professional training
1.2 Career
1.3 Criticism and scandals
2 Shows
3 Discography 3.1 Albums
3.2 Singles
3.3 DVDs
4 Awards 4.1 2004
4.2 2005
4.3 2006
4.4 2008
5 Filmography
6 References
7 External links

Biography[edit]
Early life and professional training[edit]
Pocher is the son of Gerhard and Jutta Pocher and grew up in Hanover. His parents are Jehovah's Witnesses and he too was raised as one. In 2007, Pocher stated that, unlike his parents, he had no contact with the organization anymore as he claimed "not to have agreed with their rules“.[1]
The general predication that Pocher attended a Waldorf school was denied by his management.[2] Pocher successfully completed his training as an insurance broker at Signal Iduna Bauspar AG.
During the time of his apprenticeship he had some part-time jobs at various radio stations and as a DJ in clubs and during family celebrations. He also appeared in the comedian group Holla-Bolla and as an entertainer at Birte Karalus, a German chat show. After his apprenticeship he worked for the Swiss life insurance "Schweizerlebensversicherung und Rental AG" (today: SwissLife) and the "HDI Lebensversicherung AG" (HDI life insurance).
Career[edit]
Pocher's first television appearance was on 28 October 1998 at the afternoon chat show of Bärbel Schäfer. Pocher was given 5 minutes to make the audience laugh.[3]
On 29 September 1999 he presented the show Chart Surfer Trash Top 100, Was geht ab, Planet Viva and finally 2002 his own show Alles Pocher, ... oder was?.
Between January 2003 to 14 April 2006 he presents the show Rent a Pocher on ProSieben.[4]
In 2006 he recorded the single "Schwarz und Weiss," a song dedicated to the 2006 world cup. A music video was made, featuring Oliver as several pressbox speakers, as well as him performing the song in front of fans dressed in Team Germany attire.[5]
From October 2007 to April 2009, Pocher joined established late night host Harald Schmidt's show on the Das Erste television channel, with the show being called Schmidt und Pocher.
In 2008 his third single "Bringt ihn heim“ (engl.: bring him home) was released. It is a song for the European Football Championship of 2008. The original version is Baschi's number one hit (Switzerland) “Bring en hei“[citation needed] He acted as a co-trainer of the European Team during the DEL All Star Game in 2009.[citation needed]
Pocher's contract was not renewed after April 2009, so he was hired by Sat.1 instead to present his own late night show, Die Oliver Pocher Show. The show's ratings were always below the station's average and even slipping over the course of the run until it was cancelled in March 2011.
Criticism and scandals[edit]
Oliver Pocher is widely criticised for his jokes at the expense of others. After he recommended plastic surgery to a woman of the audience of the Wetten, dass..? ("Wanna Bet..?") episode on the 22nd of January in 2005, he was sued for damages of 25,000 Euros.[6] Although he apologized to her on the phone and repeated this apology in public during one of his shows, he was not able to solve this conflict out of court. On the 11th of January Pocher was sentenced by the district court of Hanover to pay a fine of 6000 euros. The judge in charge called Pocher’s statement (“You look quite old for your age”) a “very insulting comment”. The public insulting continued in January 2008 during the TV show "Johannes B. Kerner" when Pocher once again made fun of this woman’s appearance and mocked the verdict. As a result another suit was filed against the entertainer. The victim’s lawyer explained that the woman was insulted and that the topic is repeatedly brought up by people whom she meets during her work. Pocher did not comment on this.[7] Statements as those made by Pocher could be legal in the future, as the Council of Europe is advising to decriminalize insults.[8]
Pocher caused a scandal in July in 2005 during the ZDF (German broadcasting station) – show "Gottschalk & Friends" when he first insulted Mariah Carey and later accidentally spat water onto her.[9] For this action he has been harshly criticised by some newspapers and by the broadcast station in charge. Gottschalk himself kept calm and commented upon the incident: "Of course I do not want to have jokes at the expense of others during my show and I do not want corpses to be carried away from the battlefield afterwards. If you invite Pocher to your show, however, you should expect a different atmosphere than with, for example, Alfred Biolek."
When Pocher mocked the personal life of singer Sarah Connor and her reality show, Connor sued Pocher. While the exact outcome of the lawsuit is not known, Pocher did apologize to Connor.[10]
In January 2009, during the TV show “Schmidt & Pocher“, Pocher spoofed the Hitler assassin Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, who is portrayed by Tom Cruise in “Operation Walküre“. He had to face negative feedback for this and thereafter the broadcasting commission examined this incident.[11]
Shows[edit]

Title
Channel
Period
Alles Pocher, … oder was? Viva (TV station) 2002
Rent a Pocher ProSieben January 2003 - 13 April 2006
Trash Top 100 VIVA 2004
Bundesvision Song Contest 2005 ProSieben 12 February 2005
Pochers WM-Countdown ProSieben 3 April 2006 - 5 June 2006
Pocher zu Gast in Deutschland ProSieben 12 June 2006 - 6 July 2006
Gameshow-Marathon ProSieben 15 January - 12 March 2007
Schmidt & Pocher Das Erste 25 October 2007 - 16 April 2009
Sportfreunde Pocher – Alle gegen die Bayern Sat.1 27 June 2009 - 25 July 2009
Alarm für Cobra 11 (guest appearance) RTL 3 September 2009
5 gegen Jauch RTL 4 September 2009
The Oliver Pocher Show Sat.1 October 2009 - March 2011
Samstag LIVE! Sky Deutschland since August 2011
Discography[edit]
Albums[edit]
2007: It's my life - Aus dem Leben eines B-Promis
Singles[edit]
2006: "Schwarz und Weiß"
2007: "Ich kann nix dafür" (with Nena & Stephan Remmler)
2008: "Bringt ihn heim" (Germany: 68th best-selling single of 2008 [12])
2009: "Kennst du die Stars" (Bushido feat. Oliver Pocher)
2010: "Wir gehen nur zurück um Anlauf zu nehm’"
DVDs[edit]
2005: Best of Pocher: Aufstieg & Fall eines B-Promis (2 DVDs)
2007: It's my life - Aus dem Leben eines B-Promis (2 DVDs)
2008: Best of Schmidt & Pocher (2 DVDs)
2009: Gefährliches Halbwissen - Die Weltrekord Live-Show (2 DVDs)
Awards[edit]
2004[edit]
Golden Bravo Otto in the category „Comedy“
2005[edit]
Golden Bravo Otto in the category „Comedy“
Comet in the category „Beste Live-Comedy“
Deutscher Comedypreis for „Beste Comedy-Show“
Jetix Kids Award in the category „Coolster TV-Star“
2006[edit]
Goldene Schallplatte for over 45.000 sold DVDs
Golden Bravo Otto in the category „Comedy“
Radio Regenbogen Comedy Award
Goldene Schallplatte for more than 220.000 sold Cd's of „Schwarz und Weiss“
2008[edit]
Preis der beleidigten Zuschauer (Award of the offended viewers)
Filmography[edit]
2005: Durch die Nacht mit Moritz Bleibtreu und Oliver Pocher (TV)
2006: 7 Zwerge – Der Wald ist nicht genug
2006: Hui Buh – Das Schlossgespenst
2007: Vollidiot
2009: Alarm für Cobra 11
2010: Hanni & Nanni
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Sex vor der Ehe ist verwerflich... muss aber leider manchmal sein Bild.de
2.Jump up ^ [2]
3.Jump up ^ YouTube Video vom Acting by Bärbel Schäfer
4.Jump up ^ February 12, 2008: Who's Riding My Coattails Now? - Oliver Pocher
5.Jump up ^ „Jeder kann blöd sein“
6.Jump up ^ Spiegel.de
7.Jump up ^ Spiegel.de
8.Jump up ^ Report by the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights of the Council of Europe
9.Jump up ^ Clip from the Attack at YouTube
10.Jump up ^ Sarah Connor vs. Oliver Pocher - Krieg im TV
11.Jump up ^ Article in the "Hamburger Abendblatt"
12.Jump up ^ http://www.mtv.de/charts/Jahrescharts2008
External links[edit]
[1] Stephen Colbert about Oliver Pocher (14. February 2008)


Authority control
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 ISNI: 0000 0000 1979 6038 ·
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1978 births
German male comedians
German television talk show hosts
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
Bundesvision Song Contest













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Oliver Pocher

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search



 This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please help improve this article if you can. (June 2010)

Oliver Pocher
Oliver-Pocher-foto.jpg
Oliver Pocher in 2010.

Born
18 February 1978 (age 37)
Hanover, West Germany
Nationality
German
Years active
1999 - present
Genres
Stand-up comedy, Observational comedy
Spouse
Alessandra Meyer-Wölden (m. 2010–14)
Notable works and roles
Rent a Pocher (2003-2006)
Schmidt & Pocher
Die Oliver Pocher Show
Website
Official Website
Oliver Pocher (born 18 February 1978 in Hanover, West Germany) is a German actor, stand-up comedian and television host.


Contents  [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 Early life and professional training
1.2 Career
1.3 Criticism and scandals
2 Shows
3 Discography 3.1 Albums
3.2 Singles
3.3 DVDs
4 Awards 4.1 2004
4.2 2005
4.3 2006
4.4 2008
5 Filmography
6 References
7 External links

Biography[edit]
Early life and professional training[edit]
Pocher is the son of Gerhard and Jutta Pocher and grew up in Hanover. His parents are Jehovah's Witnesses and he too was raised as one. In 2007, Pocher stated that, unlike his parents, he had no contact with the organization anymore as he claimed "not to have agreed with their rules“.[1]
The general predication that Pocher attended a Waldorf school was denied by his management.[2] Pocher successfully completed his training as an insurance broker at Signal Iduna Bauspar AG.
During the time of his apprenticeship he had some part-time jobs at various radio stations and as a DJ in clubs and during family celebrations. He also appeared in the comedian group Holla-Bolla and as an entertainer at Birte Karalus, a German chat show. After his apprenticeship he worked for the Swiss life insurance "Schweizerlebensversicherung und Rental AG" (today: SwissLife) and the "HDI Lebensversicherung AG" (HDI life insurance).
Career[edit]
Pocher's first television appearance was on 28 October 1998 at the afternoon chat show of Bärbel Schäfer. Pocher was given 5 minutes to make the audience laugh.[3]
On 29 September 1999 he presented the show Chart Surfer Trash Top 100, Was geht ab, Planet Viva and finally 2002 his own show Alles Pocher, ... oder was?.
Between January 2003 to 14 April 2006 he presents the show Rent a Pocher on ProSieben.[4]
In 2006 he recorded the single "Schwarz und Weiss," a song dedicated to the 2006 world cup. A music video was made, featuring Oliver as several pressbox speakers, as well as him performing the song in front of fans dressed in Team Germany attire.[5]
From October 2007 to April 2009, Pocher joined established late night host Harald Schmidt's show on the Das Erste television channel, with the show being called Schmidt und Pocher.
In 2008 his third single "Bringt ihn heim“ (engl.: bring him home) was released. It is a song for the European Football Championship of 2008. The original version is Baschi's number one hit (Switzerland) “Bring en hei“[citation needed] He acted as a co-trainer of the European Team during the DEL All Star Game in 2009.[citation needed]
Pocher's contract was not renewed after April 2009, so he was hired by Sat.1 instead to present his own late night show, Die Oliver Pocher Show. The show's ratings were always below the station's average and even slipping over the course of the run until it was cancelled in March 2011.
Criticism and scandals[edit]
Oliver Pocher is widely criticised for his jokes at the expense of others. After he recommended plastic surgery to a woman of the audience of the Wetten, dass..? ("Wanna Bet..?") episode on the 22nd of January in 2005, he was sued for damages of 25,000 Euros.[6] Although he apologized to her on the phone and repeated this apology in public during one of his shows, he was not able to solve this conflict out of court. On the 11th of January Pocher was sentenced by the district court of Hanover to pay a fine of 6000 euros. The judge in charge called Pocher’s statement (“You look quite old for your age”) a “very insulting comment”. The public insulting continued in January 2008 during the TV show "Johannes B. Kerner" when Pocher once again made fun of this woman’s appearance and mocked the verdict. As a result another suit was filed against the entertainer. The victim’s lawyer explained that the woman was insulted and that the topic is repeatedly brought up by people whom she meets during her work. Pocher did not comment on this.[7] Statements as those made by Pocher could be legal in the future, as the Council of Europe is advising to decriminalize insults.[8]
Pocher caused a scandal in July in 2005 during the ZDF (German broadcasting station) – show "Gottschalk & Friends" when he first insulted Mariah Carey and later accidentally spat water onto her.[9] For this action he has been harshly criticised by some newspapers and by the broadcast station in charge. Gottschalk himself kept calm and commented upon the incident: "Of course I do not want to have jokes at the expense of others during my show and I do not want corpses to be carried away from the battlefield afterwards. If you invite Pocher to your show, however, you should expect a different atmosphere than with, for example, Alfred Biolek."
When Pocher mocked the personal life of singer Sarah Connor and her reality show, Connor sued Pocher. While the exact outcome of the lawsuit is not known, Pocher did apologize to Connor.[10]
In January 2009, during the TV show “Schmidt & Pocher“, Pocher spoofed the Hitler assassin Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, who is portrayed by Tom Cruise in “Operation Walküre“. He had to face negative feedback for this and thereafter the broadcasting commission examined this incident.[11]
Shows[edit]

Title
Channel
Period
Alles Pocher, … oder was? Viva (TV station) 2002
Rent a Pocher ProSieben January 2003 - 13 April 2006
Trash Top 100 VIVA 2004
Bundesvision Song Contest 2005 ProSieben 12 February 2005
Pochers WM-Countdown ProSieben 3 April 2006 - 5 June 2006
Pocher zu Gast in Deutschland ProSieben 12 June 2006 - 6 July 2006
Gameshow-Marathon ProSieben 15 January - 12 March 2007
Schmidt & Pocher Das Erste 25 October 2007 - 16 April 2009
Sportfreunde Pocher – Alle gegen die Bayern Sat.1 27 June 2009 - 25 July 2009
Alarm für Cobra 11 (guest appearance) RTL 3 September 2009
5 gegen Jauch RTL 4 September 2009
The Oliver Pocher Show Sat.1 October 2009 - March 2011
Samstag LIVE! Sky Deutschland since August 2011
Discography[edit]
Albums[edit]
2007: It's my life - Aus dem Leben eines B-Promis
Singles[edit]
2006: "Schwarz und Weiß"
2007: "Ich kann nix dafür" (with Nena & Stephan Remmler)
2008: "Bringt ihn heim" (Germany: 68th best-selling single of 2008 [12])
2009: "Kennst du die Stars" (Bushido feat. Oliver Pocher)
2010: "Wir gehen nur zurück um Anlauf zu nehm’"
DVDs[edit]
2005: Best of Pocher: Aufstieg & Fall eines B-Promis (2 DVDs)
2007: It's my life - Aus dem Leben eines B-Promis (2 DVDs)
2008: Best of Schmidt & Pocher (2 DVDs)
2009: Gefährliches Halbwissen - Die Weltrekord Live-Show (2 DVDs)
Awards[edit]
2004[edit]
Golden Bravo Otto in the category „Comedy“
2005[edit]
Golden Bravo Otto in the category „Comedy“
Comet in the category „Beste Live-Comedy“
Deutscher Comedypreis for „Beste Comedy-Show“
Jetix Kids Award in the category „Coolster TV-Star“
2006[edit]
Goldene Schallplatte for over 45.000 sold DVDs
Golden Bravo Otto in the category „Comedy“
Radio Regenbogen Comedy Award
Goldene Schallplatte for more than 220.000 sold Cd's of „Schwarz und Weiss“
2008[edit]
Preis der beleidigten Zuschauer (Award of the offended viewers)
Filmography[edit]
2005: Durch die Nacht mit Moritz Bleibtreu und Oliver Pocher (TV)
2006: 7 Zwerge – Der Wald ist nicht genug
2006: Hui Buh – Das Schlossgespenst
2007: Vollidiot
2009: Alarm für Cobra 11
2010: Hanni & Nanni
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Sex vor der Ehe ist verwerflich... muss aber leider manchmal sein Bild.de
2.Jump up ^ [2]
3.Jump up ^ YouTube Video vom Acting by Bärbel Schäfer
4.Jump up ^ February 12, 2008: Who's Riding My Coattails Now? - Oliver Pocher
5.Jump up ^ „Jeder kann blöd sein“
6.Jump up ^ Spiegel.de
7.Jump up ^ Spiegel.de
8.Jump up ^ Report by the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights of the Council of Europe
9.Jump up ^ Clip from the Attack at YouTube
10.Jump up ^ Sarah Connor vs. Oliver Pocher - Krieg im TV
11.Jump up ^ Article in the "Hamburger Abendblatt"
12.Jump up ^ http://www.mtv.de/charts/Jahrescharts2008
External links[edit]
[1] Stephen Colbert about Oliver Pocher (14. February 2008)


Authority control
VIAF: 67626638 ·
 ISNI: 0000 0000 1979 6038 ·
 GND: 132411091 ·
 MusicBrainz: 47f689bd-3cc4-42aa-8257-337d86fa90f1
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: Living people
1978 births
German male comedians
German television talk show hosts
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
Bundesvision Song Contest













Navigation menu



Create account
Log in



Article

Talk









Read

Edit

View history

















Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
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About Wikipedia
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Recent changes
Contact page

Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
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Cite this page

Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version

Languages
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Magyar
Polski
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Edit links
This page was last modified on 28 April 2015, at 18:49.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
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Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Mobile view
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Powered by MediaWiki
 

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Pocher











Nate Quarry

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Nate Quarry
NathanQuarry.png
Born
March 19, 1972 (age 43)
Arcata, California, United States
Other names
Rock
Nationality
American
Height
6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)
Weight
185 lb (84 kg; 13.2 st)
Division
185
Reach
72.5 in (184 cm)
Style
Muay Thai, Wrestling
Stance
Orthodox
Fighting out of
Gresham, Oregon
Team
Next Level MMA
Years active
2001–2010

Mixed martial arts record

Total
16
Wins
12
By knockout
7
By submission
2
By decision
3
Losses
4
By knockout
2
By submission
1
By decision
1
Mixed martial arts record from Sherdog
Nathan Parker Quarry (born March 19, 1972) is a retired American mixed martial arts fighter who is most notable for his appearance in The Ultimate Fighter, a reality show from the Ultimate Fighting Championship, as well as co-hosting the show MMA Uncensored Live.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Mixed martial arts career
3 Personal life
4 Championships and awards
5 Mixed martial arts record
6 References
7 External links

Early life[edit]
Nate Quarry grew up as a member of the Jehovah's Witnesses, which he later characterized as a cult that controls its members 24 hours a day. Quarry grew up in a sheltered lifestyle and did not even participate in organized sports until age 24, when he first became exposed to mixed martial arts. After a period of self-discovery, Quarry rejected his Jehovah's Witness upbringing, which caused him to become alienated from his family and former friends. He began to associate with others outside of the church and along the way began to train in mixed martial arts fighting.[1] Eventually, Quarry made his way to Team Quest, out of Gresham, Oregon, where he continued to train until mid-2007.[2]
Mixed martial arts career[edit]
Quarry made his professional mixed martial arts debut in 2001, in a match against Drew McFedries, which he won with a TKO in the second round. After compiling a 5–1 record, Quarry was invited by the UFC to participate in The Ultimate Fighter, a reality television show and mixed martial arts competition featuring up-and-coming MMA talent living and training in seclusion with the UFC. On the show however, Quarry had to drop out of the competition when he suffered an ankle injury during practice, which would have required six weeks to heal. He was asked to stay on as an assistant coach. When he was no longer officially allowed to compete, he allowed Team Quest teammate, Chris Leben (who was already eliminated by Josh Koscheck) to take his place. During his time on the show, he was seen as the role model for Team Couture and would also stand up for Team Liddell member Sam Hoger when others would make fun of him, but confronted him when he was accused of stealing UFC merchandise from the gym.
Quarry made his UFC debut on The Ultimate Fighter finale card, where he defeated Lodune Sincaid by TKO. He won his first two fights in the UFC, both first round stoppages, including a victory over Shonie Carter, and was granted a shot at the middleweight title at UFC 56 on November 19, 2005. Quarry became the first Ultimate Fighter contestant to ever receive a UFC title shot. Middleweight Champion, Rich Franklin won the fight via one punch knockout in the first round.
Up until his rematch with Pete Sell, Quarry had not fought since his knockout defeat against Franklin, due to numerous injuries suffered prior to his fight with Rich Franklin. After his fight with Franklin, Quarry underwent a successful surgical procedure in June 2006 to repair a chronic back injury due to his many years of hard training. In the news segment of his website, he reported that his back and nose had since healed and that he is back in training.[3] On July 31, 2007, it was announced that Quarry would be making his return to the UFC on September 19, 2007 at UFC Fight Night 11, where he knocked out rival Pete Sell.
Quarry then defeated Kalib Starnes by decision at UFC 83. The fight was unusual because Starnes backed away from Quarry for almost the entire fight. In the final seconds of the fight, Quarry began showboating (which included the running-man) in protest to Starnes's refusal to engage. One judge scored the bout 30–24 in Quarry's favour, marking the second-largest margin of victory in UFC history.
At UFC 91, Quarry faced undefeated submission specialist Demian Maia. Maia controlled Nate on the ground and submitted him with a Rear Naked Choke in the first round. UFC 97 saw Nate take on Canadian fighter Jason MacDonald. Quarry over-powered Jason MacDonald by wrestling him to the ground and then delivering some brutal ground and pound bloodying him and ending the fight in the first round. Nate then fought Tim Credeur, who was an Ultimate Fighter 7 contestant, at UFC Fight Night 19. Nate won the fight via unanimous decision. The bout received Fight of the Night honours. With this victory Quarry improved his UFC record to 7-2 and had won 4 of his last 5 bouts since his return to the UFC.
In his last UFC bout, Quarry faced fellow seasoned MMA veteran Jorge Rivera at UFC Fight Night 21. Quarry lost the fight via TKO in the second round. After the fight Quarry underwent facial reconstruction surgery.
Quarry has since retired from MMA.[4]
After his retirement he became the co-host of MMA Uncensored Live on Spike TV.[5]
On April 19, 2015, Quarry came out of retirement for an exhibition bout with 19-year-old Jacob Beckmann at Rumble at the Roseland. Beckmann has Down's syndrome and has been training martial arts for a number of years. He has long dreamed to compete in a MMA match and Quarry helped his wish come true. Quarry was submitted via leg lock in the second round. Beckmann was crowned 'world heavyweight champion' and adorned with a replica UFC title belt. The match also raised $1,000 for Create the Connection, an organization working to create meaningful employment opportunities for people in need.[6]
Personal life[edit]
Quarry has a daughter named Ciera.[7]
Quarry was featured in the video game Left 4 Dead 2 as a guest zombie.[8]
Quarry created a comic book named Zombie Cage Fighter loosely based on his life.
Quarry is interviewed in the 2013 documentary Truth be Told, where he discusses his sheltered upbringing, and eventual expulsion, from the Jehovah's Witness faith.[9]
On December 16, 2014, Quarry was listed as one of three MMA fighters who filed a class-action lawsuit against Zuffa, LLC., the parent company of the UFC. The suit alleges that the UFC participated in anti-competitive practices that hindered fighters and their mixed martial arts careers.[10]
Championships and awards[edit]
Ultimate Fighting Championship Fight of the Night (One time)

Mixed martial arts record[edit]
Professional record breakdown
[show]
  
  
  
  

Res.
Record
Opponent
Method
Event
Date
Round
Time
Location
Notes

Loss 12–4 Jorge Rivera TKO (punches) UFC Fight Night: Florian vs. Gomi March 31, 2010 2 0:29 Charlotte, North Carolina, United States 
Win 12–3 Tim Credeur Decision (unanimous) UFC Fight Night: Diaz vs. Guillard September 16, 2009 3 5:00 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States Fight of the Night
Win 11–3 Jason MacDonald TKO (elbows) UFC 97 April 18, 2009 1 2:27 Montreal, Quebec, Canada 
Loss 10–3 Demian Maia Submission (rear-naked choke) UFC 91 November 15, 2008 1 2:44 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States 
Win 10–2 Kalib Starnes Decision (unanimous) UFC 83 April 19, 2008 3 5:00 Montreal, Quebec, Canada 
Win 9–2 Pete Sell TKO (punches) UFC Fight Night: Thomas vs. Florian September 19, 2007 3 0:42 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States 
Loss 8–2 Rich Franklin KO (punch) UFC 56 November 19, 2005 1 2:34 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States For the UFC Middleweight Championship
Win 8–1 Pete Sell KO (punch) UFC Ultimate Fight Night August 6, 2005 1 0:42 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States 
Win 7–1 Shonie Carter TKO (strikes) UFC 53 June 4, 2005 1 2:37 Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States 
Win 6–1 Lodune Sincaid TKO (punches) The Ultimate Fighter 1 Finale April 9, 2005 1 3:17 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States 
Win 5–1 Chris Kiever Submission (triangle choke) IFC: Battleground Boise October 25, 2003 1 4:33 Boise, Idaho, United States 
Loss 4–1 Gustavo Machado Decision (unanimous) KOTC 25: Flaming Fury June 29, 2003 3 5:00 San Jacinto, California, United States 
Win 4–0 George Lopez KO (punch) Gladiator Challenge 14 February 17, 2003 1 1:02 Porterville, California, United States 
Win 3–0 Todd Carney Submission (armbar) Excalibur Fighting 13 December 7, 2002 N/A N/A Richmond, Virginia, United States 
Win 2–0 Nakapan Phungephorn Decision (majority) Excalibur Fighting 11 July 6, 2002 2 5:00 Richmond, Virginia, United States 
Win 1–0 Drew McFedries TKO (exhaustion) Extreme Challenge 43 September 8, 2001 2 3:03 Orem, Utah, United States 

References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ UFC - NBCSports.com
2.Jump up ^ "Taggradio.com". Taggradio.com. 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
3.Jump up ^ Nathan Quarry at NathanQuarry.com - News
4.Jump up ^ "Nate Quarry retires on Spike TV's MMA Uncensored Live". mmamania.com. March 2, 2012. Retrieved March 2, 2012.
5.Jump up ^ "Nate Quarry Makes the Transition From Fighter to Broadcaster". mmafighting.com. February 21, 2012. Retrieved February 21, 2012.
6.Jump up ^ David St. Martin (2015-04-20). "Morning Report: Nate Quarry comes out of retirement to help make one young man's dream come true". mmafighting.com. Retrieved 2015-04-20.
7.Jump up ^ "TUF 1 crew talks old times". Yahoo! Sports, by Kevin Iole. 2008-08-29. Retrieved 2008-08-30.
8.Jump up ^ "MMA Fighter Nate Quarry Talks Left 4 Dead 2". G4tv. 2009-10-21. Retrieved 2011-01-22.
9.Jump up ^ http://vimeo.com/22708256#
10.Jump up ^ "UFC class-action lawsuit plaintiffs include Cung Le, Jon Fitch and Nate Quarry". mmajunkie.com. Retrieved 2014-12-16.
External links[edit]
Nate Quarry's Official Website
Professional MMA record for Nathan Quarry from Sherdog
Official UFC Profile


[show]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
The Ultimate Fighter - Season 1



























 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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Living people
People from Arcata, California
American mixed martial artists
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
People from Gresham, Oregon
Sportspeople from Oregon
Mixed martial arts broadcasters


Navigation menu



Create account
Log in



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Read

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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nate_Quarry










Nate Quarry

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Nate Quarry
NathanQuarry.png
Born
March 19, 1972 (age 43)
Arcata, California, United States
Other names
Rock
Nationality
American
Height
6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)
Weight
185 lb (84 kg; 13.2 st)
Division
185
Reach
72.5 in (184 cm)
Style
Muay Thai, Wrestling
Stance
Orthodox
Fighting out of
Gresham, Oregon
Team
Next Level MMA
Years active
2001–2010

Mixed martial arts record

Total
16
Wins
12
By knockout
7
By submission
2
By decision
3
Losses
4
By knockout
2
By submission
1
By decision
1
Mixed martial arts record from Sherdog
Nathan Parker Quarry (born March 19, 1972) is a retired American mixed martial arts fighter who is most notable for his appearance in The Ultimate Fighter, a reality show from the Ultimate Fighting Championship, as well as co-hosting the show MMA Uncensored Live.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Mixed martial arts career
3 Personal life
4 Championships and awards
5 Mixed martial arts record
6 References
7 External links

Early life[edit]
Nate Quarry grew up as a member of the Jehovah's Witnesses, which he later characterized as a cult that controls its members 24 hours a day. Quarry grew up in a sheltered lifestyle and did not even participate in organized sports until age 24, when he first became exposed to mixed martial arts. After a period of self-discovery, Quarry rejected his Jehovah's Witness upbringing, which caused him to become alienated from his family and former friends. He began to associate with others outside of the church and along the way began to train in mixed martial arts fighting.[1] Eventually, Quarry made his way to Team Quest, out of Gresham, Oregon, where he continued to train until mid-2007.[2]
Mixed martial arts career[edit]
Quarry made his professional mixed martial arts debut in 2001, in a match against Drew McFedries, which he won with a TKO in the second round. After compiling a 5–1 record, Quarry was invited by the UFC to participate in The Ultimate Fighter, a reality television show and mixed martial arts competition featuring up-and-coming MMA talent living and training in seclusion with the UFC. On the show however, Quarry had to drop out of the competition when he suffered an ankle injury during practice, which would have required six weeks to heal. He was asked to stay on as an assistant coach. When he was no longer officially allowed to compete, he allowed Team Quest teammate, Chris Leben (who was already eliminated by Josh Koscheck) to take his place. During his time on the show, he was seen as the role model for Team Couture and would also stand up for Team Liddell member Sam Hoger when others would make fun of him, but confronted him when he was accused of stealing UFC merchandise from the gym.
Quarry made his UFC debut on The Ultimate Fighter finale card, where he defeated Lodune Sincaid by TKO. He won his first two fights in the UFC, both first round stoppages, including a victory over Shonie Carter, and was granted a shot at the middleweight title at UFC 56 on November 19, 2005. Quarry became the first Ultimate Fighter contestant to ever receive a UFC title shot. Middleweight Champion, Rich Franklin won the fight via one punch knockout in the first round.
Up until his rematch with Pete Sell, Quarry had not fought since his knockout defeat against Franklin, due to numerous injuries suffered prior to his fight with Rich Franklin. After his fight with Franklin, Quarry underwent a successful surgical procedure in June 2006 to repair a chronic back injury due to his many years of hard training. In the news segment of his website, he reported that his back and nose had since healed and that he is back in training.[3] On July 31, 2007, it was announced that Quarry would be making his return to the UFC on September 19, 2007 at UFC Fight Night 11, where he knocked out rival Pete Sell.
Quarry then defeated Kalib Starnes by decision at UFC 83. The fight was unusual because Starnes backed away from Quarry for almost the entire fight. In the final seconds of the fight, Quarry began showboating (which included the running-man) in protest to Starnes's refusal to engage. One judge scored the bout 30–24 in Quarry's favour, marking the second-largest margin of victory in UFC history.
At UFC 91, Quarry faced undefeated submission specialist Demian Maia. Maia controlled Nate on the ground and submitted him with a Rear Naked Choke in the first round. UFC 97 saw Nate take on Canadian fighter Jason MacDonald. Quarry over-powered Jason MacDonald by wrestling him to the ground and then delivering some brutal ground and pound bloodying him and ending the fight in the first round. Nate then fought Tim Credeur, who was an Ultimate Fighter 7 contestant, at UFC Fight Night 19. Nate won the fight via unanimous decision. The bout received Fight of the Night honours. With this victory Quarry improved his UFC record to 7-2 and had won 4 of his last 5 bouts since his return to the UFC.
In his last UFC bout, Quarry faced fellow seasoned MMA veteran Jorge Rivera at UFC Fight Night 21. Quarry lost the fight via TKO in the second round. After the fight Quarry underwent facial reconstruction surgery.
Quarry has since retired from MMA.[4]
After his retirement he became the co-host of MMA Uncensored Live on Spike TV.[5]
On April 19, 2015, Quarry came out of retirement for an exhibition bout with 19-year-old Jacob Beckmann at Rumble at the Roseland. Beckmann has Down's syndrome and has been training martial arts for a number of years. He has long dreamed to compete in a MMA match and Quarry helped his wish come true. Quarry was submitted via leg lock in the second round. Beckmann was crowned 'world heavyweight champion' and adorned with a replica UFC title belt. The match also raised $1,000 for Create the Connection, an organization working to create meaningful employment opportunities for people in need.[6]
Personal life[edit]
Quarry has a daughter named Ciera.[7]
Quarry was featured in the video game Left 4 Dead 2 as a guest zombie.[8]
Quarry created a comic book named Zombie Cage Fighter loosely based on his life.
Quarry is interviewed in the 2013 documentary Truth be Told, where he discusses his sheltered upbringing, and eventual expulsion, from the Jehovah's Witness faith.[9]
On December 16, 2014, Quarry was listed as one of three MMA fighters who filed a class-action lawsuit against Zuffa, LLC., the parent company of the UFC. The suit alleges that the UFC participated in anti-competitive practices that hindered fighters and their mixed martial arts careers.[10]
Championships and awards[edit]
Ultimate Fighting Championship Fight of the Night (One time)

Mixed martial arts record[edit]
Professional record breakdown
[show]
  
  
  
  

Res.
Record
Opponent
Method
Event
Date
Round
Time
Location
Notes

Loss 12–4 Jorge Rivera TKO (punches) UFC Fight Night: Florian vs. Gomi March 31, 2010 2 0:29 Charlotte, North Carolina, United States 
Win 12–3 Tim Credeur Decision (unanimous) UFC Fight Night: Diaz vs. Guillard September 16, 2009 3 5:00 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States Fight of the Night
Win 11–3 Jason MacDonald TKO (elbows) UFC 97 April 18, 2009 1 2:27 Montreal, Quebec, Canada 
Loss 10–3 Demian Maia Submission (rear-naked choke) UFC 91 November 15, 2008 1 2:44 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States 
Win 10–2 Kalib Starnes Decision (unanimous) UFC 83 April 19, 2008 3 5:00 Montreal, Quebec, Canada 
Win 9–2 Pete Sell TKO (punches) UFC Fight Night: Thomas vs. Florian September 19, 2007 3 0:42 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States 
Loss 8–2 Rich Franklin KO (punch) UFC 56 November 19, 2005 1 2:34 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States For the UFC Middleweight Championship
Win 8–1 Pete Sell KO (punch) UFC Ultimate Fight Night August 6, 2005 1 0:42 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States 
Win 7–1 Shonie Carter TKO (strikes) UFC 53 June 4, 2005 1 2:37 Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States 
Win 6–1 Lodune Sincaid TKO (punches) The Ultimate Fighter 1 Finale April 9, 2005 1 3:17 Las Vegas, Nevada, United States 
Win 5–1 Chris Kiever Submission (triangle choke) IFC: Battleground Boise October 25, 2003 1 4:33 Boise, Idaho, United States 
Loss 4–1 Gustavo Machado Decision (unanimous) KOTC 25: Flaming Fury June 29, 2003 3 5:00 San Jacinto, California, United States 
Win 4–0 George Lopez KO (punch) Gladiator Challenge 14 February 17, 2003 1 1:02 Porterville, California, United States 
Win 3–0 Todd Carney Submission (armbar) Excalibur Fighting 13 December 7, 2002 N/A N/A Richmond, Virginia, United States 
Win 2–0 Nakapan Phungephorn Decision (majority) Excalibur Fighting 11 July 6, 2002 2 5:00 Richmond, Virginia, United States 
Win 1–0 Drew McFedries TKO (exhaustion) Extreme Challenge 43 September 8, 2001 2 3:03 Orem, Utah, United States 

References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ UFC - NBCSports.com
2.Jump up ^ "Taggradio.com". Taggradio.com. 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
3.Jump up ^ Nathan Quarry at NathanQuarry.com - News
4.Jump up ^ "Nate Quarry retires on Spike TV's MMA Uncensored Live". mmamania.com. March 2, 2012. Retrieved March 2, 2012.
5.Jump up ^ "Nate Quarry Makes the Transition From Fighter to Broadcaster". mmafighting.com. February 21, 2012. Retrieved February 21, 2012.
6.Jump up ^ David St. Martin (2015-04-20). "Morning Report: Nate Quarry comes out of retirement to help make one young man's dream come true". mmafighting.com. Retrieved 2015-04-20.
7.Jump up ^ "TUF 1 crew talks old times". Yahoo! Sports, by Kevin Iole. 2008-08-29. Retrieved 2008-08-30.
8.Jump up ^ "MMA Fighter Nate Quarry Talks Left 4 Dead 2". G4tv. 2009-10-21. Retrieved 2011-01-22.
9.Jump up ^ http://vimeo.com/22708256#
10.Jump up ^ "UFC class-action lawsuit plaintiffs include Cung Le, Jon Fitch and Nate Quarry". mmajunkie.com. Retrieved 2014-12-16.
External links[edit]
Nate Quarry's Official Website
Professional MMA record for Nathan Quarry from Sherdog
Official UFC Profile


[show]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
The Ultimate Fighter - Season 1



























 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1972 births
Living people
People from Arcata, California
American mixed martial artists
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
People from Gresham, Oregon
Sportspeople from Oregon
Mixed martial arts broadcasters


Navigation menu



Create account
Log in



Article

Talk









Read

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Sherri Shepherd

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Sherri Shepherd
Sherri Shepherd.jpg
Sherri Shepherd, May 27, 2010

Born
Sherri Evonne Shepherd
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Occupation
Author
 Actress
 Television personality
 comedian
Years active
1995–present
Religion
Christianity
Website
www.sherrishepherd.com
Sherri Evonne Shepherd (born c. 1966-1967)[1][2] is an American comedienne, author, businesswoman, actress, and television personality. She headlined her own sitcom, Sherri, on Lifetime television. Shepherd hosts Nickelodeon channel's "NickMom Night Out" television program.[3]
Shepherd appeared on Broadway in Rodgers and Hammerstein's musical Cinderella.[4] In 2014, Shepherd played an ex-girlfriend of Chris Rock's character in Rock's film Top Five.[5]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Careers 2.1 Businesswoman
2.2 Acting
2.3 Television Personality 2.3.1 On-Camera Flubs
2.4 Author
2.5 Dancing with the Stars
3 Charity
4 Personal life
5 Filmography 5.1 Film
5.2 Television
5.3 Theatre
6 Awards and nominations
7 References
8 External links

Early life[edit]
Shepherd was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of LaVerne (d. 1991) and Lawrence A. Shepherd (born c. 1947), a church deacon.[6] She is the eldest of three sisters.[6]
Careers[edit]
Businesswoman[edit]
As of 2015, a project includes a line of wigs and hair add-ins.[7]
Acting[edit]
In 2009, she starred for one season in Lifetime Television's Sherri, a sitcom about Shepherd's life.[8]
Shepherd has appeared as a special guest host of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire.[9]
Television Personality[edit]



The View's panel (left–right Whoopi Goldberg, Barbara Walters, Joy Behar, Sherri Shepherd and Elisabeth Hasselbeck) interview United States President Barack Obama on July 29, 2010.
In 2006, Shepherd was a frequent guest co-host on ABC's The View. She was a permanent co-host from 2007 to 2014. She received several awards for her work on the show.
She co-hosted the 35th Daytime Emmy Awards on June 20, 2008.
On-Camera Flubs[edit]
Shepherd was criticized after one 2007 broadcast of The View.[10] The show was often filmed "live", with little or no editing. She stated that she didn't "believe in evolution. Period." Co-host Whoopi Goldberg asked her, "Is the world flat?" She first responded, "I don't know," and expanded that she "never thought about it". Shepherd continued that it was more important to her that she thought about how she was "going to feed [her] child". Barbara Walters replied by pointing out, "You can do both." However, Shepherd then went on to quote Scripture.[11] Shepherd later referred to her statement as a "brain fart" brought on by nerves. Barbara Walters and Shepherd talked after that episode: Walters said, "Dear, the Earth is round", and Shepherd responded with: "Barbara, I know that!"[12][13]



 Shepherd (center) on The View with Joy Behar and Elisabeth Hasselbeck.
Similar criticism erupted after the December 4, 2007, broadcast of The View when, during a discussion initiated by Joy Behar about Epicurus, Shepherd attempted to assert that Christians existed in classical Greece, and that the Greeks threw them to the lions. When confronted on this point, she further claimed that "Jesus came first" (before Greeks and Romans) and stated, "I don't think anything predated Christians", to which Joy Behar responded: "The Jews."[14][15]
Shepherd garnered ridicule after admitting to never voting partly due to her upbringing as a strict Jehovah's Witness. She was quoted as saying that she just "never knew the dates or anything"; she stated, "I've never voted for anything in my life."[16] In January 2008, Sherri referred to Gospel singer Shirley Caesar as "the black Patti LaBelle." LaBelle, like Caesar, is black.[17]
Sherri said, "I was taught not to confront and interrupt people, but that's what I do every day on The View." [18]
Author[edit]
Shepherd wrote the book Permission Slips: Every Woman's Guide to Giving Herself a Break, published in October 2009.[19] Chapter Two is ironically titled "Permission to Date, Love, Marry and Divorce the Wrong Guy."
Shepherd also has a co-author credit on Plan D: How to Lose Weight and Beat Diabetes. That book was published by Harper Collins in 2013.
Dancing with the Stars[edit]
In March 2012, Shepherd participated as a celebrity contestant on the fourteenth season of ABC's Dancing with the Stars. Her dance partner was Val Chmerkovskiy. The dancing team lasted several weeks.
Week # Dance/Song Judges' score Result
Inaba Goodman Tonioli
1 Foxtrot / "Sherry" 8 7 8 No Elimination
2 Jive / "Proud Mary" 8 7 8 Safe
3 Rumba / "If I Could" 8 8 8 Safe
4 Tango / "Come On Feel the Noise" 7 7 7 Eliminated



Charity[edit]
Sherri raises funds for the YAI Sherri Shepherd "Believe in Abilities" Fund.[20]
YAI [21] organization encourages autistic and developmentally challenged children to participate in life.
Fundraising efforts include asking members to donate unused AMEX Membership Rewards points.[22][23]
Personal life[edit]
Shepherd was previously married to Jeff Tarpley. Their twin daughter was stillborn.[24] The surviving twin, a son, Jeffrey, was delivered prematurely.[6]
TV writer Lamar Sally proposed to Shepherd on December 26, 2010.[25] They married in August 2011 at the Fairmont Hotel in Chicago, and in September 2012, Shepherd said the couple was searching for a surrogate in order to have a child.[26] Saly filed for separation on May 2, 2014, and Shepherd filed for divorce days later.[27] In July 2014, Sally petitioned a Los Angeles court for full legal and physical custody of the child expected via surrogacy,[28] who was born in August 2014.[29] On April 21, 2015, a Pennsylvania court ruled Shepherd is the legal parent of a child born from a surrogate mother. The child has no DNA link to Shepherd.[30]
Shepherd has type 2 diabetes[31] after having had pre-diabetes for years.[32]
A devout Christian, Shepherd has stated about the role God has played in her life and career: "If I didn't have God, I would have been dead."[33]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes
2000 King of the Open Mics Marci 
2003 Pauly Shore Is Dead Herself 
2004 Cellular Jaded Cashier 
2005 Beauty Shop Ida 
2005 Guess Who Sydney 
2007 Who's Your Caddy Lady G 
2007 Transformers Big Rhonda (IMAX re-release version only)[34]
2008 Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa Florrie Animated; voice
2009 Madea Goes to Jail Herself 
2009 Precious Cornrows Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Cast
Black Reel Award for Best Ensemble
 Nominated – Critics' Choice Award for Best Acting Ensemble
 Nominated – Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
 Nominated - Washington DC Area Film Critics Association Award for Best Ensemble
2011 Big Mommas: Like Father, Like Son Beverly Townsend 
2012 One for the Money Lula 
2012 Abducted: The Carlina White Story Joy White 
2012 Think Like a Man[35] Vicki 
2014 Top Five[5] Vanessa 
TBD Ride Along 2  Filming
TBD Woodlawn [36][37] Mother of a teenage Tony Nathan (longtime Miami Dolphins player) Filming



Television[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Episodes
Notes
1995 Cleghorne! Victoria 6 episodes 
1997 Claude's Crib Lorene 1 episode 
1997 Living Single Comedian 1 episode 
1997, 1999–2000 Suddenly Susan Roni, Miranda Charles 23 episodes 
1998 Friends Rhonda, The Tour Guide 1 episode 
1998–1999 Holding the Baby Miss Boggs 8 episodes 
1998–2003 Everybody Loves Raymond Officer Judy Roseman 9 episodes 
1999–2001 The Jamie Foxx Show Sheila Yarborough 10 episodes 
2000 The Trouble with Normal Nina 1 episode 
2001 Emeril Melva LeBlanc 11 episodes 
2001 Rendez View Herself 1 episode 
2002 Holla Herself 1 episode 
2002 Men, Women & Dogs Dr. Michaels 1 episode 
2002 My Adventures in Television Joanna Walker 8 episodes 
2002–2004 Pyramid Herself 3 episodes 
2002–2006 Less than Perfect Ramona Platt 79 episodes Nominated - BET Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
2003 Joan of Arcadia MVA Clerk Good 1 episode 
2003–2004 Hollywood Squares Herself 30 episodes 
2003–2005 Jimmy Kimmel Live! Herself 3 episodes 
2004 50 Most Outrageous Moments on TV Herself 1 episode 
2004 My Coolest Years Herself Multiple episodes 
2004 E! 101 Most Awesome Moments in Entertainment Herself 1 episode 
2004 The Sharon Osbourne Show Herself 1 episode 
2004 The Wayne Brady Show Herself 1 episode 
2004–2006 Brandy & Mr. Whiskers Cheryl/Meryl (voice) 17 episodes 
2004–2006 The Ellen DeGeneres Show Herself 9 episodes 
2004–2005, 2007 Kim Possible M.C Honey (voice) 3 episodes 
2005 Big Time Herself 1 episode 
2006 Capitol Law Glynda Johnson TV pilot 
2006 The Megan Mullally Show Herself 1 episode 
2007–2014 The View Herself 600 episodes Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host
(Nominated in 2011, 2010, 2009 & 2008, winning in 2009)
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Talk Series
(Nominated in 2009, 2010, 2011, winning in 2009 & 2011)
2007 The Wedding Bells Debbie Quill 4 episodes 
2007 Wheel of Fortune Herself 1 episode 
2007–2008, 2012, 2013, 2014 The Tonight Show with Jay Leno Herself 10 episodes 
2007–2014 Entertainment Tonight Herself 32 episodes 
2007, 2009–2013 30 Rock Angie Jordan 11 episodes 
2007, 2009 The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson Herself 3 episodes 
2008 Entourage Herself 1 episode 
2008-2014 Rachael Ray Herself 9 episodes 
2009 Larry King Live Herself 2 episodes 
2009 Sherri Sherri Robinson 13 episodes Gracie Allen Award for Outstanding Female Lead in a Comedy Series
 Nominated - NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series
2009 The Bonnie Hunt Show Herself 2 episodes 
2009, 2011 The Joy Behar Show Herself 2 episodes 
2009 The Mo'Nique Show Herself 1 episode 
2009 WWE Raw Herself 1 episode 
2009 WWE Smackdown Herself 1 episode 
2009, 2011 Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Guest Host 5 episodes 
2010 The Electric Company Herself 1 episode 
2010 82nd Academy Awards Red Carpet Commentator  
2010 The Emeril Lagasse Show Herself 1 episode 
2010 Nickelodeon MegaMusic Fest Herself 1 episode 
2010–2013 Newlywed Game Host 195 episodes 
2010, 2011 The Nate Berkus Show Herself 1 episode 
2010 Celebrity Holiday Homes Herself 1 episode 
2010 Sesame Street Herself 1 episode 
2010 WWE Tribute to the Troops Herself 1 episode 
2011 Hot in Cleveland Judge Lesser 2 episodes 
2011 The Oprah Winfrey Show Herself 1 episode 
2011 GMA Dove Award Host  
2011 Season 25: Oprah Behind The Scenes Herself  
2011 38th Daytime Emmy Awards Herself Presenter 
2011 Neicy Nash Wedding Bash Herself  
2011 The Early Show Herself 1 episode 
2011 VH1 Divas Celebrate Soul Herself Presenter 
2011 Wedding Fabulous: Sherri Shepherd Gets Married Herself  
2011 Top 10 Wedding of 2011 Herself  
2012 The Daily Show Herself 1 episode 
2012, 2013, 2014 Wendy Williams Show Herself 4 episodes 
2012 The Colbert Report Herself 1 episode 
2012 Dancing With The Stars Herself 8 episodes Contestant
2012 Jimmy Kimmel Live! Herself 1 episode 
2012, 2015 The Soul Man Nikki multiple episodes Guest Season 1, recurring Season 4
2012, 2013 The Chew Herself 1 episode 
2013 The Home and Family Show Herself 1 episode 
2013 Watch What Happens Live Herself 2 episodes 
2013 Good Day L.A. Herself 1 episode 
2013 The Steve Harvey Show Herself 1 episode 
2013 The Dr. Oz Show Herself 1 episode 
2013 The Chew Herself 1 episode 
2013 Showbiz Tonight Herself 1 episode 
2013 How I Met Your Mother Daphne 8 episodes Season 9 [38]
2013 The Arsenio Hall Show Herself 1 episode 
2013 Fox and Friends Herself 2 episodes 
2013-2014 NickMom Night Out Host 23 episodes 
2014 The Mommy Show Herself 1 episode 
2014 Nashville Herself 1 episode 
2014 Extreme Weight Loss Herself-Guest 1 episode 
2014 E!News Herself 1 episode 
2014 The Insider Herself 2 episodes 
2014 Celebrity Name Game Herself 1 episode 
2014 The Meredith Vieira Show Herself 1 episode 
2014 QVC Herself Ongoing Spokesperson for Sherri Shepherd™ LUXHAIR™ Wigs
2014 Steve Harvey (TV series) Herself 1 episode 
Theatre[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes
2014 Rodgers and Hammerstein's Cinderella Madame, the Evil Stepmother Broadway musical
Awards and nominations[edit]
Daytime Emmy Award and Nominations
2008 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2009 Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2010 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2011 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2012 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2013 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2014 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
People's Choice Award Nomination
2013 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
Screen Actors Guild Award Nomination
2010 Nomination for Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture Precious (Shared with rest of cast)
Washington DC Area Film Critics Association Award Nomination
2009 Nomination for Best Ensemble, Precious (Shared with all cast members)
Boston Society of Film Critics Award
2009 Award for Best Ensemble Cast (Precious)
Broadcast Film Critics Association Award Nomination
2010 Nomination for Best Acting Ensemble, Precious (Shared with rest of cast)
Black Reel Award Nomination
2010 Nomination for Best Ensemble Cast, Precious (Shared with rest of cast)
BET Comedy Award Nomination
2005 Nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series (Less than Perfect)
NAACP Image Awards and Nominations
2009 Award for Outstanding Talk Series (The View)
2010 Nomination for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series (Sherri)
2010 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Series (The View)
2011 Award for Outstanding Talk Series (The View)
Gracie Award
2010 Award for Leading Actress in a Comedy Series (Sherri)
Braveheart Award
2010 Powerful Women in Hollywood Award
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Loinaz, Alexis L.; Triggs, Charlotte (May 10, 2014). "Sherri Shepherd Split and Baby News a 'Shock': Source". People. Retrieved 2014-05-11. "... Shepherd, 47...."
2.Jump up ^ Webber, Stephanie (May 9, 2014). "Sherri Shepherd's Husband Lamar Sally Files For Divorce After Nearly Three Years of Marriage". Us Weekly. Retrieved 2014-05-11. "... Shepherd, 47...."
3.Jump up ^ "NickMom Night Out". web. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
4.Jump up ^ S. Grace. "GRACE NOTES - Stage". GRACE NOTES:Daily Theatre News. Retrieved November 21, 2014.
5.^ Jump up to: a b Shonassee Shaver. "Chris Rock's TOP FIVE movie coming this December". Los Angeles Sentinel. Retrieved November 24, 2014.
6.^ Jump up to: a b c Hamm, Liza; Dagostino, Mark (December 17, 2007). "Sherri Shepherd Her Rough Road to The View". People 68 (25). Retrieved June 4, 2011. "Her mom died in 1991, but her father, Lawrence, 60...."
7.Jump up ^ "QVC Online Catalog". QVC. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
8.Jump up ^ "Sherri". mylifetime. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
9.Jump up ^ "Sherri Shepherd". YouTube. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
10.Jump up ^ Gilchrist, Tracy E. (2007-09-19). "Media Blender". GayWired.com. Archived from the original on 2007-10-18.
11.Jump up ^ "New "View" Co-Host Sherri Shepherd Doesn't Know If World Is Flat". Huffington Post. 2007-09-18. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
12.Jump up ^ "Sherri Shepherd: Trading pain for the laughs". San Jose Mercury News. 2009-10-11. Archived from the original on 2013-04-05. Retrieved 2009-10-11.
13.Jump up ^ Martin, Denise (2009-10-08). "Sherri Shepherd: Trading pain for laughs". Crystal Lake, IL: The Northwest Herald. Retrieved 2010-07-16.(registration required)
14.Jump up ^ Danny Shea (2007-12-04). "Sherri Shepherd Doesn't Get That Whole BC Thing, Insists "Jesus Came First"". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2007-12-05.
15.Jump up ^ Michael Starr (2007-12-05). "'View' History Lesson: Sherri Shepherd Says Jesus Came Way First". New York Post. Retrieved 2007-12-06.
16.Jump up ^ Jefferson, Cord (January 29, 2008). "Sherri Shepherd Admits to Never Voting". Mollygood. Archived from the original on 2008-02-01.
17.Jump up ^ Kerr, Luke (January 16, 2008). "Sherri Shepherd Forgets Patti LaBelle is Black". Daytime Confidential.
18.Jump up ^ "Sherri Shepherd Admits to a Problem with Rudely Interrupting People". web. November 3, 2014.
19.Jump up ^ Permission Slips: Every Woman's Guide to Giving Herself a Break. Grand Central Publishing. October 5, 2009. ISBN 978-0-446-54742-0.
20.Jump up ^ "Believe in Abilities". Retrieved November 25, 2014.
21.Jump up ^ "YAI". Retrieved November 24, 2014.
22.Jump up ^ "Support YAI with your American Express Rewards Points". Retrieved February 28, 2015.
23.Jump up ^ "The Points Guy blog". Retrieved November 24, 2014.
24.Jump up ^ "Update on Sherri Shepherd's son". People. January 13, 2007. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
25.Jump up ^ Hammel, Sara (January 4, 2011). "Sherri Shepherd Engaged". People.
26.Jump up ^ Webber, Stephanie (May 9, 2014). "Sherri Shepherd's Husband Lamar Sally Files For Divorce After Nearly Three Years of Marriage". Us Weekly. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
27.Jump up ^ "Sherri Shepherd files for divorce". UPI. May 12, 2014. Archived from the original on May 13, 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-14. "Her filing comes after Sally filed for legal separation May 2."
28.Jump up ^ Olya, Gabrielle (July 30, 2014). "Custody of Sherri Shepherd's Surrogate Child Remains 'Unclear' as Due Date Nears". People. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
29.Jump up ^ Wozinsky, Jessica (August 6, 2014). "Sherri Shepherd's Surrogate Gives Birth to Baby Boy Amidst Custody Battle". Parade. Archived from the original on April 23, 2015. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
30.Jump up ^ Herbst, Diane; Strohm, Emily (April 21, 2015). "Sherri Shepherd Ruled Legal Mother of Baby Born via Surrogate". People. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
31.Jump up ^ Plan D: How to Lose Weight and Beat Diabetes (Even If You Don't Have It). sherrishepherd.com. 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
32.Jump up ^ Siegler, Bonnie (April 12, 2012). "Balanced Living – Sherri Shepherd". Viva Magazine Online. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
33.Jump up ^ Allen, Marshall. "From Crass Comedy to Christ Talk". Beliefnet. Retrieved 2011-10-07.
34.Jump up ^ "Reviews - Transformers: The IMAX Experience". FilmJerk.com. 2007-09-21. Retrieved 2014-05-14.
35.Jump up ^ Lowry, Brian (April 10, 2012). "Think Like a Man (review)". Variety. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
36.Jump up ^ "Alabama A&M Professor Has Part in Upcoming Movie". Alabama A&M University website. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
37.Jump up ^ "WOODLAWN movie (2015)-IMDb". IMDb. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
38.Jump up ^ "The Locket"- How I Met Your Mother, CBS.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sherri Shepherd.
Sherri's book http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Books/sherri-shepherd-permission-slips-womans-guide-giving-break/story?id=8712092
YAI website http://www.yai.org/
official website
Sherri Shepherd at the Internet Movie Database
Sherri Shepherd at the Internet Broadway Database





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Former Jehovah's Witnesses
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherri_Shepherd









Sherri Shepherd

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Jump to: navigation, search


Sherri Shepherd
Sherri Shepherd.jpg
Sherri Shepherd, May 27, 2010

Born
Sherri Evonne Shepherd
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Occupation
Author
 Actress
 Television personality
 comedian
Years active
1995–present
Religion
Christianity
Website
www.sherrishepherd.com
Sherri Evonne Shepherd (born c. 1966-1967)[1][2] is an American comedienne, author, businesswoman, actress, and television personality. She headlined her own sitcom, Sherri, on Lifetime television. Shepherd hosts Nickelodeon channel's "NickMom Night Out" television program.[3]
Shepherd appeared on Broadway in Rodgers and Hammerstein's musical Cinderella.[4] In 2014, Shepherd played an ex-girlfriend of Chris Rock's character in Rock's film Top Five.[5]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Careers 2.1 Businesswoman
2.2 Acting
2.3 Television Personality 2.3.1 On-Camera Flubs
2.4 Author
2.5 Dancing with the Stars
3 Charity
4 Personal life
5 Filmography 5.1 Film
5.2 Television
5.3 Theatre
6 Awards and nominations
7 References
8 External links

Early life[edit]
Shepherd was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of LaVerne (d. 1991) and Lawrence A. Shepherd (born c. 1947), a church deacon.[6] She is the eldest of three sisters.[6]
Careers[edit]
Businesswoman[edit]
As of 2015, a project includes a line of wigs and hair add-ins.[7]
Acting[edit]
In 2009, she starred for one season in Lifetime Television's Sherri, a sitcom about Shepherd's life.[8]
Shepherd has appeared as a special guest host of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire.[9]
Television Personality[edit]



The View's panel (left–right Whoopi Goldberg, Barbara Walters, Joy Behar, Sherri Shepherd and Elisabeth Hasselbeck) interview United States President Barack Obama on July 29, 2010.
In 2006, Shepherd was a frequent guest co-host on ABC's The View. She was a permanent co-host from 2007 to 2014. She received several awards for her work on the show.
She co-hosted the 35th Daytime Emmy Awards on June 20, 2008.
On-Camera Flubs[edit]
Shepherd was criticized after one 2007 broadcast of The View.[10] The show was often filmed "live", with little or no editing. She stated that she didn't "believe in evolution. Period." Co-host Whoopi Goldberg asked her, "Is the world flat?" She first responded, "I don't know," and expanded that she "never thought about it". Shepherd continued that it was more important to her that she thought about how she was "going to feed [her] child". Barbara Walters replied by pointing out, "You can do both." However, Shepherd then went on to quote Scripture.[11] Shepherd later referred to her statement as a "brain fart" brought on by nerves. Barbara Walters and Shepherd talked after that episode: Walters said, "Dear, the Earth is round", and Shepherd responded with: "Barbara, I know that!"[12][13]



 Shepherd (center) on The View with Joy Behar and Elisabeth Hasselbeck.
Similar criticism erupted after the December 4, 2007, broadcast of The View when, during a discussion initiated by Joy Behar about Epicurus, Shepherd attempted to assert that Christians existed in classical Greece, and that the Greeks threw them to the lions. When confronted on this point, she further claimed that "Jesus came first" (before Greeks and Romans) and stated, "I don't think anything predated Christians", to which Joy Behar responded: "The Jews."[14][15]
Shepherd garnered ridicule after admitting to never voting partly due to her upbringing as a strict Jehovah's Witness. She was quoted as saying that she just "never knew the dates or anything"; she stated, "I've never voted for anything in my life."[16] In January 2008, Sherri referred to Gospel singer Shirley Caesar as "the black Patti LaBelle." LaBelle, like Caesar, is black.[17]
Sherri said, "I was taught not to confront and interrupt people, but that's what I do every day on The View." [18]
Author[edit]
Shepherd wrote the book Permission Slips: Every Woman's Guide to Giving Herself a Break, published in October 2009.[19] Chapter Two is ironically titled "Permission to Date, Love, Marry and Divorce the Wrong Guy."
Shepherd also has a co-author credit on Plan D: How to Lose Weight and Beat Diabetes. That book was published by Harper Collins in 2013.
Dancing with the Stars[edit]
In March 2012, Shepherd participated as a celebrity contestant on the fourteenth season of ABC's Dancing with the Stars. Her dance partner was Val Chmerkovskiy. The dancing team lasted several weeks.
Week # Dance/Song Judges' score Result
Inaba Goodman Tonioli
1 Foxtrot / "Sherry" 8 7 8 No Elimination
2 Jive / "Proud Mary" 8 7 8 Safe
3 Rumba / "If I Could" 8 8 8 Safe
4 Tango / "Come On Feel the Noise" 7 7 7 Eliminated



Charity[edit]
Sherri raises funds for the YAI Sherri Shepherd "Believe in Abilities" Fund.[20]
YAI [21] organization encourages autistic and developmentally challenged children to participate in life.
Fundraising efforts include asking members to donate unused AMEX Membership Rewards points.[22][23]
Personal life[edit]
Shepherd was previously married to Jeff Tarpley. Their twin daughter was stillborn.[24] The surviving twin, a son, Jeffrey, was delivered prematurely.[6]
TV writer Lamar Sally proposed to Shepherd on December 26, 2010.[25] They married in August 2011 at the Fairmont Hotel in Chicago, and in September 2012, Shepherd said the couple was searching for a surrogate in order to have a child.[26] Saly filed for separation on May 2, 2014, and Shepherd filed for divorce days later.[27] In July 2014, Sally petitioned a Los Angeles court for full legal and physical custody of the child expected via surrogacy,[28] who was born in August 2014.[29] On April 21, 2015, a Pennsylvania court ruled Shepherd is the legal parent of a child born from a surrogate mother. The child has no DNA link to Shepherd.[30]
Shepherd has type 2 diabetes[31] after having had pre-diabetes for years.[32]
A devout Christian, Shepherd has stated about the role God has played in her life and career: "If I didn't have God, I would have been dead."[33]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes
2000 King of the Open Mics Marci 
2003 Pauly Shore Is Dead Herself 
2004 Cellular Jaded Cashier 
2005 Beauty Shop Ida 
2005 Guess Who Sydney 
2007 Who's Your Caddy Lady G 
2007 Transformers Big Rhonda (IMAX re-release version only)[34]
2008 Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa Florrie Animated; voice
2009 Madea Goes to Jail Herself 
2009 Precious Cornrows Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Cast
Black Reel Award for Best Ensemble
 Nominated – Critics' Choice Award for Best Acting Ensemble
 Nominated – Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
 Nominated - Washington DC Area Film Critics Association Award for Best Ensemble
2011 Big Mommas: Like Father, Like Son Beverly Townsend 
2012 One for the Money Lula 
2012 Abducted: The Carlina White Story Joy White 
2012 Think Like a Man[35] Vicki 
2014 Top Five[5] Vanessa 
TBD Ride Along 2  Filming
TBD Woodlawn [36][37] Mother of a teenage Tony Nathan (longtime Miami Dolphins player) Filming



Television[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Episodes
Notes
1995 Cleghorne! Victoria 6 episodes 
1997 Claude's Crib Lorene 1 episode 
1997 Living Single Comedian 1 episode 
1997, 1999–2000 Suddenly Susan Roni, Miranda Charles 23 episodes 
1998 Friends Rhonda, The Tour Guide 1 episode 
1998–1999 Holding the Baby Miss Boggs 8 episodes 
1998–2003 Everybody Loves Raymond Officer Judy Roseman 9 episodes 
1999–2001 The Jamie Foxx Show Sheila Yarborough 10 episodes 
2000 The Trouble with Normal Nina 1 episode 
2001 Emeril Melva LeBlanc 11 episodes 
2001 Rendez View Herself 1 episode 
2002 Holla Herself 1 episode 
2002 Men, Women & Dogs Dr. Michaels 1 episode 
2002 My Adventures in Television Joanna Walker 8 episodes 
2002–2004 Pyramid Herself 3 episodes 
2002–2006 Less than Perfect Ramona Platt 79 episodes Nominated - BET Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
2003 Joan of Arcadia MVA Clerk Good 1 episode 
2003–2004 Hollywood Squares Herself 30 episodes 
2003–2005 Jimmy Kimmel Live! Herself 3 episodes 
2004 50 Most Outrageous Moments on TV Herself 1 episode 
2004 My Coolest Years Herself Multiple episodes 
2004 E! 101 Most Awesome Moments in Entertainment Herself 1 episode 
2004 The Sharon Osbourne Show Herself 1 episode 
2004 The Wayne Brady Show Herself 1 episode 
2004–2006 Brandy & Mr. Whiskers Cheryl/Meryl (voice) 17 episodes 
2004–2006 The Ellen DeGeneres Show Herself 9 episodes 
2004–2005, 2007 Kim Possible M.C Honey (voice) 3 episodes 
2005 Big Time Herself 1 episode 
2006 Capitol Law Glynda Johnson TV pilot 
2006 The Megan Mullally Show Herself 1 episode 
2007–2014 The View Herself 600 episodes Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host
(Nominated in 2011, 2010, 2009 & 2008, winning in 2009)
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Talk Series
(Nominated in 2009, 2010, 2011, winning in 2009 & 2011)
2007 The Wedding Bells Debbie Quill 4 episodes 
2007 Wheel of Fortune Herself 1 episode 
2007–2008, 2012, 2013, 2014 The Tonight Show with Jay Leno Herself 10 episodes 
2007–2014 Entertainment Tonight Herself 32 episodes 
2007, 2009–2013 30 Rock Angie Jordan 11 episodes 
2007, 2009 The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson Herself 3 episodes 
2008 Entourage Herself 1 episode 
2008-2014 Rachael Ray Herself 9 episodes 
2009 Larry King Live Herself 2 episodes 
2009 Sherri Sherri Robinson 13 episodes Gracie Allen Award for Outstanding Female Lead in a Comedy Series
 Nominated - NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series
2009 The Bonnie Hunt Show Herself 2 episodes 
2009, 2011 The Joy Behar Show Herself 2 episodes 
2009 The Mo'Nique Show Herself 1 episode 
2009 WWE Raw Herself 1 episode 
2009 WWE Smackdown Herself 1 episode 
2009, 2011 Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Guest Host 5 episodes 
2010 The Electric Company Herself 1 episode 
2010 82nd Academy Awards Red Carpet Commentator  
2010 The Emeril Lagasse Show Herself 1 episode 
2010 Nickelodeon MegaMusic Fest Herself 1 episode 
2010–2013 Newlywed Game Host 195 episodes 
2010, 2011 The Nate Berkus Show Herself 1 episode 
2010 Celebrity Holiday Homes Herself 1 episode 
2010 Sesame Street Herself 1 episode 
2010 WWE Tribute to the Troops Herself 1 episode 
2011 Hot in Cleveland Judge Lesser 2 episodes 
2011 The Oprah Winfrey Show Herself 1 episode 
2011 GMA Dove Award Host  
2011 Season 25: Oprah Behind The Scenes Herself  
2011 38th Daytime Emmy Awards Herself Presenter 
2011 Neicy Nash Wedding Bash Herself  
2011 The Early Show Herself 1 episode 
2011 VH1 Divas Celebrate Soul Herself Presenter 
2011 Wedding Fabulous: Sherri Shepherd Gets Married Herself  
2011 Top 10 Wedding of 2011 Herself  
2012 The Daily Show Herself 1 episode 
2012, 2013, 2014 Wendy Williams Show Herself 4 episodes 
2012 The Colbert Report Herself 1 episode 
2012 Dancing With The Stars Herself 8 episodes Contestant
2012 Jimmy Kimmel Live! Herself 1 episode 
2012, 2015 The Soul Man Nikki multiple episodes Guest Season 1, recurring Season 4
2012, 2013 The Chew Herself 1 episode 
2013 The Home and Family Show Herself 1 episode 
2013 Watch What Happens Live Herself 2 episodes 
2013 Good Day L.A. Herself 1 episode 
2013 The Steve Harvey Show Herself 1 episode 
2013 The Dr. Oz Show Herself 1 episode 
2013 The Chew Herself 1 episode 
2013 Showbiz Tonight Herself 1 episode 
2013 How I Met Your Mother Daphne 8 episodes Season 9 [38]
2013 The Arsenio Hall Show Herself 1 episode 
2013 Fox and Friends Herself 2 episodes 
2013-2014 NickMom Night Out Host 23 episodes 
2014 The Mommy Show Herself 1 episode 
2014 Nashville Herself 1 episode 
2014 Extreme Weight Loss Herself-Guest 1 episode 
2014 E!News Herself 1 episode 
2014 The Insider Herself 2 episodes 
2014 Celebrity Name Game Herself 1 episode 
2014 The Meredith Vieira Show Herself 1 episode 
2014 QVC Herself Ongoing Spokesperson for Sherri Shepherd™ LUXHAIR™ Wigs
2014 Steve Harvey (TV series) Herself 1 episode 
Theatre[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes
2014 Rodgers and Hammerstein's Cinderella Madame, the Evil Stepmother Broadway musical
Awards and nominations[edit]
Daytime Emmy Award and Nominations
2008 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2009 Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2010 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2011 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2012 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2013 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
2014 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
People's Choice Award Nomination
2013 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Show Host(s) (The View)
Screen Actors Guild Award Nomination
2010 Nomination for Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture Precious (Shared with rest of cast)
Washington DC Area Film Critics Association Award Nomination
2009 Nomination for Best Ensemble, Precious (Shared with all cast members)
Boston Society of Film Critics Award
2009 Award for Best Ensemble Cast (Precious)
Broadcast Film Critics Association Award Nomination
2010 Nomination for Best Acting Ensemble, Precious (Shared with rest of cast)
Black Reel Award Nomination
2010 Nomination for Best Ensemble Cast, Precious (Shared with rest of cast)
BET Comedy Award Nomination
2005 Nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series (Less than Perfect)
NAACP Image Awards and Nominations
2009 Award for Outstanding Talk Series (The View)
2010 Nomination for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series (Sherri)
2010 Nomination for Outstanding Talk Series (The View)
2011 Award for Outstanding Talk Series (The View)
Gracie Award
2010 Award for Leading Actress in a Comedy Series (Sherri)
Braveheart Award
2010 Powerful Women in Hollywood Award
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Loinaz, Alexis L.; Triggs, Charlotte (May 10, 2014). "Sherri Shepherd Split and Baby News a 'Shock': Source". People. Retrieved 2014-05-11. "... Shepherd, 47...."
2.Jump up ^ Webber, Stephanie (May 9, 2014). "Sherri Shepherd's Husband Lamar Sally Files For Divorce After Nearly Three Years of Marriage". Us Weekly. Retrieved 2014-05-11. "... Shepherd, 47...."
3.Jump up ^ "NickMom Night Out". web. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
4.Jump up ^ S. Grace. "GRACE NOTES - Stage". GRACE NOTES:Daily Theatre News. Retrieved November 21, 2014.
5.^ Jump up to: a b Shonassee Shaver. "Chris Rock's TOP FIVE movie coming this December". Los Angeles Sentinel. Retrieved November 24, 2014.
6.^ Jump up to: a b c Hamm, Liza; Dagostino, Mark (December 17, 2007). "Sherri Shepherd Her Rough Road to The View". People 68 (25). Retrieved June 4, 2011. "Her mom died in 1991, but her father, Lawrence, 60...."
7.Jump up ^ "QVC Online Catalog". QVC. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
8.Jump up ^ "Sherri". mylifetime. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
9.Jump up ^ "Sherri Shepherd". YouTube. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
10.Jump up ^ Gilchrist, Tracy E. (2007-09-19). "Media Blender". GayWired.com. Archived from the original on 2007-10-18.
11.Jump up ^ "New "View" Co-Host Sherri Shepherd Doesn't Know If World Is Flat". Huffington Post. 2007-09-18. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
12.Jump up ^ "Sherri Shepherd: Trading pain for the laughs". San Jose Mercury News. 2009-10-11. Archived from the original on 2013-04-05. Retrieved 2009-10-11.
13.Jump up ^ Martin, Denise (2009-10-08). "Sherri Shepherd: Trading pain for laughs". Crystal Lake, IL: The Northwest Herald. Retrieved 2010-07-16.(registration required)
14.Jump up ^ Danny Shea (2007-12-04). "Sherri Shepherd Doesn't Get That Whole BC Thing, Insists "Jesus Came First"". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2007-12-05.
15.Jump up ^ Michael Starr (2007-12-05). "'View' History Lesson: Sherri Shepherd Says Jesus Came Way First". New York Post. Retrieved 2007-12-06.
16.Jump up ^ Jefferson, Cord (January 29, 2008). "Sherri Shepherd Admits to Never Voting". Mollygood. Archived from the original on 2008-02-01.
17.Jump up ^ Kerr, Luke (January 16, 2008). "Sherri Shepherd Forgets Patti LaBelle is Black". Daytime Confidential.
18.Jump up ^ "Sherri Shepherd Admits to a Problem with Rudely Interrupting People". web. November 3, 2014.
19.Jump up ^ Permission Slips: Every Woman's Guide to Giving Herself a Break. Grand Central Publishing. October 5, 2009. ISBN 978-0-446-54742-0.
20.Jump up ^ "Believe in Abilities". Retrieved November 25, 2014.
21.Jump up ^ "YAI". Retrieved November 24, 2014.
22.Jump up ^ "Support YAI with your American Express Rewards Points". Retrieved February 28, 2015.
23.Jump up ^ "The Points Guy blog". Retrieved November 24, 2014.
24.Jump up ^ "Update on Sherri Shepherd's son". People. January 13, 2007. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
25.Jump up ^ Hammel, Sara (January 4, 2011). "Sherri Shepherd Engaged". People.
26.Jump up ^ Webber, Stephanie (May 9, 2014). "Sherri Shepherd's Husband Lamar Sally Files For Divorce After Nearly Three Years of Marriage". Us Weekly. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
27.Jump up ^ "Sherri Shepherd files for divorce". UPI. May 12, 2014. Archived from the original on May 13, 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-14. "Her filing comes after Sally filed for legal separation May 2."
28.Jump up ^ Olya, Gabrielle (July 30, 2014). "Custody of Sherri Shepherd's Surrogate Child Remains 'Unclear' as Due Date Nears". People. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
29.Jump up ^ Wozinsky, Jessica (August 6, 2014). "Sherri Shepherd's Surrogate Gives Birth to Baby Boy Amidst Custody Battle". Parade. Archived from the original on April 23, 2015. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
30.Jump up ^ Herbst, Diane; Strohm, Emily (April 21, 2015). "Sherri Shepherd Ruled Legal Mother of Baby Born via Surrogate". People. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
31.Jump up ^ Plan D: How to Lose Weight and Beat Diabetes (Even If You Don't Have It). sherrishepherd.com. 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
32.Jump up ^ Siegler, Bonnie (April 12, 2012). "Balanced Living – Sherri Shepherd". Viva Magazine Online. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
33.Jump up ^ Allen, Marshall. "From Crass Comedy to Christ Talk". Beliefnet. Retrieved 2011-10-07.
34.Jump up ^ "Reviews - Transformers: The IMAX Experience". FilmJerk.com. 2007-09-21. Retrieved 2014-05-14.
35.Jump up ^ Lowry, Brian (April 10, 2012). "Think Like a Man (review)". Variety. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
36.Jump up ^ "Alabama A&M Professor Has Part in Upcoming Movie". Alabama A&M University website. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
37.Jump up ^ "WOODLAWN movie (2015)-IMDb". IMDb. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
38.Jump up ^ "The Locket"- How I Met Your Mother, CBS.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sherri Shepherd.
Sherri's book http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Books/sherri-shepherd-permission-slips-womans-guide-giving-break/story?id=8712092
YAI website http://www.yai.org/
official website
Sherri Shepherd at the Internet Movie Database
Sherri Shepherd at the Internet Broadway Database





[show]
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 t ·
 e
 
Co-hosts of The View

























[show]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host (2004–2013)
























[show]
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Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 14)


















Authority control
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Categories: Actresses from Chicago, Illinois
African-American Christians
American film actresses
African-American television personalities
African-American game show hosts
Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host winners
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
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Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series) participants
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African-American actresses
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20th-century American actresses
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African-American television talk show hosts









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Carol M. Swain

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Carol M. Swain

Born
1954
Bedford, Virginia
Residence
Nashville, Tennessee
Education
Virginia Western Community College
Virginia Tech
Yale Law School
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Occupation
University professor, author, television host
Employer
Princeton University (1990–1999)
Vanderbilt University (1999–ongoing)
Religion
Jehovah's Witnesses (formerly)
 Christianity (since 1998)
Spouse(s)
1 (divorced)
Children
2 sons, 1 daughter (dead)
Carol Miller Swain (born 1954)[1][2] is an American political scientist, professor of political science and law at Vanderbilt University, and television host. She is the author or editor of six books. Her scholarly work has been cited by two Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Her fields are race relations, immigration, representation, evangelical politics, and the US constitution.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Academic career
3 Be the People talk show
4 Views on race
5 Views on Islam
6 Personal life
7 References
8 External links

Early life[edit]
Carol Miller Swain was born in Bedford, Virginia in 1954.[2][3][4] She grew up in a shack without running water, and shared two beds among all her siblings.[1] The second of twelve children raised in poverty, she did not have shoes and thus missed school whenever it snowed.[1] She did not attend high school, dropping out in eighth grade.[1][4] She moved to Roanoke with her family in the 1960s and appealed to a judge to be transferred to a foster home, which was denied.[1] Her grandmother lived in a trailer park.[1] Her father dropped out of school in the third grade and her mother dropped out in high school.[1] Her stepfather used to beat up her mother, Dorothy Henderson, who is disabled due to infantile paralysis.[5]
After she got divorced, Swain earned a GED and worked as a cashier at McDonald's, door-to-door salesperson and assistant in a retirement facility to pay for it.[1] She later gained an associate degree from Virginia Western Community College.[3][4] She went on to complete a B.A. in criminal justice from Roanoke College and master's degree in political science from Virginia Tech.[3][4] She earned a master's degree in law from Yale Law School in 2000.[3][4] She finished a Ph.D. in political science from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.[3][4]
Academic career[edit]
Swain received tenure as an associate professor of politics and public policy at Princeton University.[3][4][6] Since 1999, she has taught at Vanderbilt University.[3][6]
Her first academic book, Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress, was published by the Harvard University Press in 1993. It was reviewed in many academic journals, including The Georgia Historical Quarterly (the journal of the Georgia Historical Society),[7] Political Science Quarterly,[8] The Journal of Politics,[9] Public Choice,[10] the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,[11] the American Political Science Review (the journal of the American Political Science Association),[12] etc. The book was cited by Anthony Kennedy and Sandra Day O'Connor, two Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.[13][14] It was the recipient of the D.B. Hardeman Prize as well as the American Political Science Association's Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award.[15]
In 1996, she edited a collection of essays entitled Race Versus Class: The New Affirmative Action Debate.[3]
Her third book, The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration, was published in 2002.[16] It was widely reviewed in scholarly journals, including The American Historical Review (the journal of the American Historical Association),[17] the British Journal of Sociology,[18] The Review of Politics,[18] Perspectives on Politics,[19] the Journal of Southern History (the journal of the Southern Historical Association),[20] Contemporary Sociology,[18] American Studies,[21] The Journal of Politics,[21] etc.
In 2003, she edited Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism with Princeton University Professor Russell K. Nieli.[22] It was reviewed in Rhetoric and Public Affairs [23] and The Journal of Southern History.[24]
In 2011, she released Be the People: A Call to Reclaim America’s Faith and Promise, published by Thomas Nelson.[2] She explained she wrote the book as a response to "the ungodly direction" of the United States.[25]
Swain has written op-eds in The New York Times, Wall Street Journal, The Huffington Post,[26] and USA Today. Past media appearances include ABC News, CNN, and Fox News.[27] She testified before Congress alongside comedian Stephen Colbert in 2010.[2]
She served as an advisor to the U.S. Civil Rights Commission[28] and she was a member of the National Council on the Humanities.[29] She served on the Board of Trustees of her alma mater, Roanoke College.[30] She is a foundation member of the Nu of Virginia Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa.[3]
She is a Founding Director of the Veritas Institute.[31] She was a Visiting Fellow at the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University from 2004 to 2005.[31][31][32] She was also a Visiting Copenhaver Scholar at Roanoke College.[4] She has participated in conferences and radio programs organized by the Family Research Council (FRC).[33][34] She also did a book signing event for Be the People at the FRC in 2011.[35] In 2013, she spoke at a Tea Party rally in Lebanon, Tennessee alongside Republican state Congressman Mark Pody.[36] On November 15, 2013, she also spoke about immigration reform a panel entitled "Doing Good to the Stranger and the Citizen: Evangelicals Discuss Immigration Reform" at the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank in Washington, D.C.[37]
She is expected to attend the 'People of the Land: A Twenty-First Century Case for Christian Zionism', an academic symposium organised by the Institute on Religion and Democracy at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. on April 17, 2015.[38] It is the first academic conference on Christian Zionism in the United States.[39]
Be the People talk show[edit]
[icon] This section requires expansion. (February 2015)
Since October 8, 2013, she has been the host of Be the People, a weekly television talk show on Sundays at 11:30PM on WSMV-TV.[40] Since February 2014, it has also been shown on WZTV, Comcast Channel 6 and Channel 1006.[41]
Views on race[edit]
In 2002, Swain argued against reparations for American descendants of African slaves during an event at Delaware State University, a historically black university.[42] She told black students, "Get over it."[42] However, in 2005, she wrote an op ed in The Washington Post calling for the Republican Party to offer a formal apology to American citizens of African descent for the institution of slavery.[43] She also wrote a policy document about it for the Heartland Institute.[44] When the apology happened in June 2009, during the presidency of President Barack Obama, she called it "meaningless."[45] She expressed disappointment that it did not happen under President George W. Bush, when the Republicans were in power, arguing that "It would have shed that racist scab on the party."[45]
In September 2009, Swain wrote an op ed in The Huffington Post entitled "Whites are People Too: Why Some White People are Stating the Obvious," calling for an end to political correctness about race.[46] Meanwhile, she endorsed A Conversation About Race, a documentary directed by Craig Bodeker whose premise is that racism does not exist in the United States.[47] She wrote a blurb about the documentary and called it "outstanding and meticulously done."[48] In October 2009, Sonia Scherr of the Southern Poverty Law Center, an anti-discrimination non-profit organization based in Montgomery, Alabama, questioned Swain's endorsement on their "Hatewatch blog", explaining that the documentary was "a hit among white supremacists" for its suggestion that the race card was used to oppress whites in America.[49] Meanwhile, Mark Potok of the Southern Poverty Law Center wrote an op ed in The Tennessean arguing, "Carol Swain is an apologist for white supremacists."[50] However, James Taranto of The Wall Street Journal rejected this position, arguing that she was simply politically incorrect.[50] He concluded, "dismissing Swain as 'an apologist for white supremacists' is the tactic of one who is trying to shut down, not encourage, debate."[50] Swain herself wrote an op ed in The Huffington Post four months later, in March 2010, after comments made by Bodeker comparing Present Barack Obama, who is black, to a "monkey", became known.[47][51] She dissociated herself from Bodeker, adding "The racist comments attributed to Mr. Bodeker are ugly and vile."[51] She made a parallel between her endorsement of Bodeker's documentary and liberals who praised Michael Moore's Bowling for Columbine.[51]
Swain called the re-election of President Barack Obama in in 2012, "a very scary situation".[2] In April 2012, she argued that civil rights leaders like Jesse Jackson and Al Sharpton had used the death of Trayvon Martin for political gains in order to increase voter registration for the Democratic Party.[52] In July 2013, she contextualized Trayvon Martin's death by reminding listeners that black crimes on whites, especially when groups of black youths attack a lone white person, are underreported in the media.[53] A month later, she criticized Martin's mother for failing to address the issues of black-on-black crime rates, unemployment and abortion in black communities.[54]
In 2013, when she was asked if Jesus was black or white, she responded that the issue was "irrelevant."[55] She added, "Whether he’s white, black, Hispanic, whatever you want to call him, what’s important is that people find meaning in his life."[55]
Views on Islam[edit]
On January 16, 2015, in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo shooting, Swain, a self-professed Christian,[56] wrote an op ed criticizing Islam in The Tennessean.[57][58] She argued:

Islam is not like other religions in the United States[;] it poses an absolute danger to us and our children unless it is monitored. . . . If America is to be safe, it must . . . institute serious monitoring of Islamic organizations.
—Carol M. Swain, The Tennessean (January 16, 2015)[57]
Shortly after, Vanderbilt students held a protest, accusing Swain of engaging in "hate speech" [59] while promising that further protests would be held unless the University implements a policy to "promise its students protection from being attacked by faculty members."[58][60][61]
On January 19, Judson Phillips, another conservative activist, wrote an op ed in The Washington Times in defense of Swain's remarks.[62][63][64] That same day, a piece by Vanderbilt professor David J. Wasserstein, titled "Thoughtful views on Islam needed, not simplicity," was published in the Tennessean in response to Swain's piece.[65]
On January 23, 2015, The Tennessean published another opinion piece, titled "Anti-Islam op-ed distorts reality, could harm people," by Randy Horick countering Swain's views.[66]
In February 2015, Swain filed a police complaint after she received a sexually harassing package from an address in Portland, Oregon in retaliation for her op ed.[67] She added she no longer felt safe on the campus of Vanderbilt University.[67]
Personal life[edit]
Swain got married at the age of sixteen and had two sons and one daughter.[1] Her daughter died of sudden infant death syndrome.[1] She got divorced after five years, when she was twenty-one, and attempted to commit suicide by swallowing pills.[1] She was a Jehovah's Witness at the time.[1] She converted to Christianity[clarification needed] in 1998 when she was a faculty member at Princeton University, not long before she was promoted at Vanderbilt University.[1][2]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Up From Poverty: The Remarkable Career of Professor Carol Swain". The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (37): 66–67. Autumn 2002. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Kathryn Jean Lopez, Being Faithful to a Founding: A college professor talks good sense, National Review, November 28, 2011
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Vanderbilt University: Author presentation: Carol M. Swain
4.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Visiting Scholar's Program Offerings Announced". Roanoke College. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
5.Jump up ^ P.J. Tobia, A Woman Apart: How a Nashville academic, born poor and black, has become a conservative mouthpiece ‘speaking truth to a world that doesn’t want to hear it’, Nashville Scene, July 05, 2008
6.^ Jump up to: a b Be the People: About Carol Swain
7.Jump up ^ Bullock, Charles S. III (Fall 1993). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain". The Georgia Historical Quarterly 77 (3): 656–658. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
8.Jump up ^ Thompson, J. Phillip III (Winter 1993). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain". Political Science Quarterly 108 (4): 743–744. Retrieved 26 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
9.Jump up ^ McClain, Paula D. (November 1994). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress. by Carol M. Swain". The Journal of Politics 56 (4): 1145–1148. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
10.Jump up ^ Overby, L. Marvin (1995). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain". Public Choice 83 (3/4): 386–390. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
11.Jump up ^ Valelly, Richard M. (Spring 1995). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain". Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 14 (2): 346–350. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
12.Jump up ^ Pinderhughes, Dianne M. (December 1994). "Reviewed Works: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain; From Protest to Politics: The New Black Voters in American Elections by Katherine Tate". American Political Science Review 88 (4): 1008–1010. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
13.Jump up ^ "Justice Kennedy cites Swain – Johnson v. DeGrandy".
14.Jump up ^ "O'Connor cites Swain – Georgia v. Ashcroft".
15.Jump up ^ "Woodrow Wilson Award Winners – American Political Science Association" (PDF).
16.Jump up ^ "Google Books – New White Nationalism". New White Nationalism.
17.Jump up ^ Blee, Kathleen M. (April 2003). "Review of Books: The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration Carol M. Swain". The American Historical Review 108 (2): 457–458. Retrieved 26 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
18.^ Jump up to: a b c Cashmore, Ellis (September 2003). "The Impure Strikes Back: The Making of English National Identity by Krishan Kumar; Race and Racism in Britain by John Solomos; Stuart Hall by Chris Rojek; The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration by Carol M. Swain". British Journal of Sociology 54 (3): 309–311. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
19.Jump up ^ Sawyer, Mark Q. (December 2003). "Reviewed Work: The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration by Carol M. Swain". Perspectives on Politics 1 (4): 792–793. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
20.Jump up ^ Weisenburger, Steven (February 2004). "Reviewed Work: The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration by Carol M. Swain". The Journal of Southern History 70 (1): 200–202. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
21.^ Jump up to: a b Barton, Michael (Spring 2004). "Reviewed Work: THE NEW WHITE NATIONALISM IN AMERICA: Its Challenge to Integration by Carol M. Swain". American Studies 45 (1): 176–177. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
22.Jump up ^ "Google Books – New White Nationalism". Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism.
23.Jump up ^ Beasley, Vanessa B. (August 2004). "Reviewed Work: Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism in America by Carol M. Swain, Russ Nieli". Rhetoric and Public Affairs 7 (1): 103–105. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
24.Jump up ^ Powell, Lawrence N. (August 2004). "Reviewed Work: Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism in America by Carol M. Swain, Russ Nieli". The Journal of Southern History 70 (3): 725–726. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
25.Jump up ^ Billy Hallowell, Author Seeks to Change America’s ‘Ungodly Direction’, The Blaze, August 30, 2011
26.Jump up ^ "Huffington Post Page".
27.Jump up ^ "CNN Transcript featuring Carol Swain". CNN Transcript featuring Carol Swain.
28.Jump up ^ "Tennessee Advisors – US Civil Rights Commission (see page 5)" (PDF).
29.Jump up ^ "Members – National Council on the Humanities". Members – National Council on the Humanities.
30.Jump up ^ "Roanoke College Trustees". Roanoke College Trustees.
31.^ Jump up to: a b c James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions: Events (Fall 2004)
32.Jump up ^ James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions: Visiting Fellows 2004-05\
33.Jump up ^ Index of Belonging and Rejection Release and News Conference, Family Research Council, December 15, 2010
34.Jump up ^ Tony Perkins, Richard Land, Laurie Cardoza-Moore, Carol Swain, Todd Starnes, Family Research Council, February 25, 2014
35.Jump up ^ Be the People: A Call to Reclaim America's Faith and Promise, Family Research Council, June 09, 2011
36.Jump up ^ Swain Speaks to Wilson County Tea Party, Lebanon Democrat, May 1, 2013
37.Jump up ^ Doing Good to the Stranger and the Citizen: Evangelicals Discuss Immigration Reform, Heritage Foundation, November 15, 2013
38.Jump up ^ Christians and Israel: Carol Swain
39.Jump up ^ Gerald McDermott, New offer from first-ever Christian Zionism conference, Patheos, February 20, 2015
40.Jump up ^ Ronald W. Weathersby, Carol Swain's New Talk Show Gaining Momentum in Middle Tennessee, The Tennessee Tribune, 12 January 2013
41.Jump up ^ Chris Chisum, Popular Show Expands to New Networks, Christian News Wire, February 28, 2014
42.^ Jump up to: a b Gregory Kane, Bold remark on reparations: 'Get over it', The Baltimore Sun, November 27, 2002
43.Jump up ^ Carol M. Swain, An Apology for Slavery, The Washington Post, July 16, 2005
44.Jump up ^ Carol M. Swain, Apologizing for Slavery, Heartland Institute, April 1, 2005
45.^ Jump up to: a b Krissah Thompson, Senate Unanimously Approves Resolution Apologizing for Slavery, The Washington Post, June 19, 2009
46.Jump up ^ Carol M. Swain, Whites are People Too': Why Some White People are Stating the Obvious, The Huffington Post, 09/20/2009
47.^ Jump up to: a b SPLC Accuses Swain of Being an Apologist for White Supremacy, Salon, October 31, 2009
48.Jump up ^ "Black Professor at Vanderbilt University Denies She Is an "Apologist for White Supremacists"". The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (66): 30. Winter 2009. Retrieved 26 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
49.Jump up ^ Sonia Scherr, A Slick DVD Defends Racism, Southern Poverty Law Center, October 8, 2009
50.^ Jump up to: a b c James Taranto, In Defense of Carol Swain: A black scholar gets smeared as "an apologist for white supremacists.", The Wall Street Journal, October 26, 2009
51.^ Jump up to: a b c Carol M. Swain, Guilt by Association: The Southern Poverty Law Center Hurls a Punch, The Huffington Post, 18 March 2010
52.Jump up ^ Napp Nazworth, Expert: Black Leaders Fueling Racial Division for Political Gain, The Christian Post, April 10, 2012
53.Jump up ^ Obama Gives Highly Personal Take On Trayvon Martin Death, Urges Soul-Searching, PBS, July 19, 2013
54.Jump up ^ Gregory Kane, Why Carol Swain demands honesty about Trayvon Martin, The Washington Examiner, August 5, 2013
55.^ Jump up to: a b Jessie Washington, [1], The Times of Israel, December 24, 2013
56.Jump up ^ "Beliefs". CarolMSwain.net. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
57.^ Jump up to: a b Carol M. Swain, Charlie Hebdo attacks prove critics were right about Islam, The Tennessean, January 15, 2015
58.^ Jump up to: a b Is Carol Swain Charlie? or Hateful?, Inside Higher Ed, January 19, 2015
59.Jump up ^ "Uproar over Vanderbilt professor's anti-Muslim column @insidehighered". insidehighered.com. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
60.Jump up ^ Students to protest Carol Swain's op-ed on Islam by Aaditi Naik, The Vanderbilt Hustler, January 16, 2015.
61.Jump up ^ Between brats and bigots by Angelica Lasala and Aaditi Naik, The Vanderbilt Hustler, January 21, 2015.
62.Jump up ^ Judson Phillips, Vanderbilt’s Carol Swain, the fight to silence liberty, The Washington Times, January 19, 2015
63.Jump up ^ Vanderbilt Professor Under Attack for Criticizing Islam by Mark Tapson, Frontpagemag, January 23, 2015.
64.Jump up ^ ‘Liberal,’ ‘Tolerant’ Vanderbilt Muslims Seek To Bully Black Professor Into Silence by Eric Owens, Daily Caller, January 21, 2015.
65.Jump up ^ Wasserstein, David J. (19 January 2015). "Thoughtful views on Islam needed, not simplicity". The Tennessean.
66.Jump up ^ Randy Horick (23 January 2015). "Anti-Islam op-ed distorts reality, could harm people". The Tennessean. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
67.^ Jump up to: a b Tom Wilemon, Carol Swain to police: Islam column brings harassment, The Tennessean, February 15, 2015
External links[edit]
Vanderbilt University
Carol Swain Foundation
Appearances on C-SPAN



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_M._Swain










Carol M. Swain

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Carol M. Swain

Born
1954
Bedford, Virginia
Residence
Nashville, Tennessee
Education
Virginia Western Community College
Virginia Tech
Yale Law School
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Occupation
University professor, author, television host
Employer
Princeton University (1990–1999)
Vanderbilt University (1999–ongoing)
Religion
Jehovah's Witnesses (formerly)
 Christianity (since 1998)
Spouse(s)
1 (divorced)
Children
2 sons, 1 daughter (dead)
Carol Miller Swain (born 1954)[1][2] is an American political scientist, professor of political science and law at Vanderbilt University, and television host. She is the author or editor of six books. Her scholarly work has been cited by two Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Her fields are race relations, immigration, representation, evangelical politics, and the US constitution.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Academic career
3 Be the People talk show
4 Views on race
5 Views on Islam
6 Personal life
7 References
8 External links

Early life[edit]
Carol Miller Swain was born in Bedford, Virginia in 1954.[2][3][4] She grew up in a shack without running water, and shared two beds among all her siblings.[1] The second of twelve children raised in poverty, she did not have shoes and thus missed school whenever it snowed.[1] She did not attend high school, dropping out in eighth grade.[1][4] She moved to Roanoke with her family in the 1960s and appealed to a judge to be transferred to a foster home, which was denied.[1] Her grandmother lived in a trailer park.[1] Her father dropped out of school in the third grade and her mother dropped out in high school.[1] Her stepfather used to beat up her mother, Dorothy Henderson, who is disabled due to infantile paralysis.[5]
After she got divorced, Swain earned a GED and worked as a cashier at McDonald's, door-to-door salesperson and assistant in a retirement facility to pay for it.[1] She later gained an associate degree from Virginia Western Community College.[3][4] She went on to complete a B.A. in criminal justice from Roanoke College and master's degree in political science from Virginia Tech.[3][4] She earned a master's degree in law from Yale Law School in 2000.[3][4] She finished a Ph.D. in political science from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.[3][4]
Academic career[edit]
Swain received tenure as an associate professor of politics and public policy at Princeton University.[3][4][6] Since 1999, she has taught at Vanderbilt University.[3][6]
Her first academic book, Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress, was published by the Harvard University Press in 1993. It was reviewed in many academic journals, including The Georgia Historical Quarterly (the journal of the Georgia Historical Society),[7] Political Science Quarterly,[8] The Journal of Politics,[9] Public Choice,[10] the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,[11] the American Political Science Review (the journal of the American Political Science Association),[12] etc. The book was cited by Anthony Kennedy and Sandra Day O'Connor, two Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.[13][14] It was the recipient of the D.B. Hardeman Prize as well as the American Political Science Association's Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award.[15]
In 1996, she edited a collection of essays entitled Race Versus Class: The New Affirmative Action Debate.[3]
Her third book, The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration, was published in 2002.[16] It was widely reviewed in scholarly journals, including The American Historical Review (the journal of the American Historical Association),[17] the British Journal of Sociology,[18] The Review of Politics,[18] Perspectives on Politics,[19] the Journal of Southern History (the journal of the Southern Historical Association),[20] Contemporary Sociology,[18] American Studies,[21] The Journal of Politics,[21] etc.
In 2003, she edited Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism with Princeton University Professor Russell K. Nieli.[22] It was reviewed in Rhetoric and Public Affairs [23] and The Journal of Southern History.[24]
In 2011, she released Be the People: A Call to Reclaim America’s Faith and Promise, published by Thomas Nelson.[2] She explained she wrote the book as a response to "the ungodly direction" of the United States.[25]
Swain has written op-eds in The New York Times, Wall Street Journal, The Huffington Post,[26] and USA Today. Past media appearances include ABC News, CNN, and Fox News.[27] She testified before Congress alongside comedian Stephen Colbert in 2010.[2]
She served as an advisor to the U.S. Civil Rights Commission[28] and she was a member of the National Council on the Humanities.[29] She served on the Board of Trustees of her alma mater, Roanoke College.[30] She is a foundation member of the Nu of Virginia Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa.[3]
She is a Founding Director of the Veritas Institute.[31] She was a Visiting Fellow at the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University from 2004 to 2005.[31][31][32] She was also a Visiting Copenhaver Scholar at Roanoke College.[4] She has participated in conferences and radio programs organized by the Family Research Council (FRC).[33][34] She also did a book signing event for Be the People at the FRC in 2011.[35] In 2013, she spoke at a Tea Party rally in Lebanon, Tennessee alongside Republican state Congressman Mark Pody.[36] On November 15, 2013, she also spoke about immigration reform a panel entitled "Doing Good to the Stranger and the Citizen: Evangelicals Discuss Immigration Reform" at the Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank in Washington, D.C.[37]
She is expected to attend the 'People of the Land: A Twenty-First Century Case for Christian Zionism', an academic symposium organised by the Institute on Religion and Democracy at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. on April 17, 2015.[38] It is the first academic conference on Christian Zionism in the United States.[39]
Be the People talk show[edit]
[icon] This section requires expansion. (February 2015)
Since October 8, 2013, she has been the host of Be the People, a weekly television talk show on Sundays at 11:30PM on WSMV-TV.[40] Since February 2014, it has also been shown on WZTV, Comcast Channel 6 and Channel 1006.[41]
Views on race[edit]
In 2002, Swain argued against reparations for American descendants of African slaves during an event at Delaware State University, a historically black university.[42] She told black students, "Get over it."[42] However, in 2005, she wrote an op ed in The Washington Post calling for the Republican Party to offer a formal apology to American citizens of African descent for the institution of slavery.[43] She also wrote a policy document about it for the Heartland Institute.[44] When the apology happened in June 2009, during the presidency of President Barack Obama, she called it "meaningless."[45] She expressed disappointment that it did not happen under President George W. Bush, when the Republicans were in power, arguing that "It would have shed that racist scab on the party."[45]
In September 2009, Swain wrote an op ed in The Huffington Post entitled "Whites are People Too: Why Some White People are Stating the Obvious," calling for an end to political correctness about race.[46] Meanwhile, she endorsed A Conversation About Race, a documentary directed by Craig Bodeker whose premise is that racism does not exist in the United States.[47] She wrote a blurb about the documentary and called it "outstanding and meticulously done."[48] In October 2009, Sonia Scherr of the Southern Poverty Law Center, an anti-discrimination non-profit organization based in Montgomery, Alabama, questioned Swain's endorsement on their "Hatewatch blog", explaining that the documentary was "a hit among white supremacists" for its suggestion that the race card was used to oppress whites in America.[49] Meanwhile, Mark Potok of the Southern Poverty Law Center wrote an op ed in The Tennessean arguing, "Carol Swain is an apologist for white supremacists."[50] However, James Taranto of The Wall Street Journal rejected this position, arguing that she was simply politically incorrect.[50] He concluded, "dismissing Swain as 'an apologist for white supremacists' is the tactic of one who is trying to shut down, not encourage, debate."[50] Swain herself wrote an op ed in The Huffington Post four months later, in March 2010, after comments made by Bodeker comparing Present Barack Obama, who is black, to a "monkey", became known.[47][51] She dissociated herself from Bodeker, adding "The racist comments attributed to Mr. Bodeker are ugly and vile."[51] She made a parallel between her endorsement of Bodeker's documentary and liberals who praised Michael Moore's Bowling for Columbine.[51]
Swain called the re-election of President Barack Obama in in 2012, "a very scary situation".[2] In April 2012, she argued that civil rights leaders like Jesse Jackson and Al Sharpton had used the death of Trayvon Martin for political gains in order to increase voter registration for the Democratic Party.[52] In July 2013, she contextualized Trayvon Martin's death by reminding listeners that black crimes on whites, especially when groups of black youths attack a lone white person, are underreported in the media.[53] A month later, she criticized Martin's mother for failing to address the issues of black-on-black crime rates, unemployment and abortion in black communities.[54]
In 2013, when she was asked if Jesus was black or white, she responded that the issue was "irrelevant."[55] She added, "Whether he’s white, black, Hispanic, whatever you want to call him, what’s important is that people find meaning in his life."[55]
Views on Islam[edit]
On January 16, 2015, in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo shooting, Swain, a self-professed Christian,[56] wrote an op ed criticizing Islam in The Tennessean.[57][58] She argued:

Islam is not like other religions in the United States[;] it poses an absolute danger to us and our children unless it is monitored. . . . If America is to be safe, it must . . . institute serious monitoring of Islamic organizations.
—Carol M. Swain, The Tennessean (January 16, 2015)[57]
Shortly after, Vanderbilt students held a protest, accusing Swain of engaging in "hate speech" [59] while promising that further protests would be held unless the University implements a policy to "promise its students protection from being attacked by faculty members."[58][60][61]
On January 19, Judson Phillips, another conservative activist, wrote an op ed in The Washington Times in defense of Swain's remarks.[62][63][64] That same day, a piece by Vanderbilt professor David J. Wasserstein, titled "Thoughtful views on Islam needed, not simplicity," was published in the Tennessean in response to Swain's piece.[65]
On January 23, 2015, The Tennessean published another opinion piece, titled "Anti-Islam op-ed distorts reality, could harm people," by Randy Horick countering Swain's views.[66]
In February 2015, Swain filed a police complaint after she received a sexually harassing package from an address in Portland, Oregon in retaliation for her op ed.[67] She added she no longer felt safe on the campus of Vanderbilt University.[67]
Personal life[edit]
Swain got married at the age of sixteen and had two sons and one daughter.[1] Her daughter died of sudden infant death syndrome.[1] She got divorced after five years, when she was twenty-one, and attempted to commit suicide by swallowing pills.[1] She was a Jehovah's Witness at the time.[1] She converted to Christianity[clarification needed] in 1998 when she was a faculty member at Princeton University, not long before she was promoted at Vanderbilt University.[1][2]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Up From Poverty: The Remarkable Career of Professor Carol Swain". The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (37): 66–67. Autumn 2002. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Kathryn Jean Lopez, Being Faithful to a Founding: A college professor talks good sense, National Review, November 28, 2011
3.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Vanderbilt University: Author presentation: Carol M. Swain
4.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Visiting Scholar's Program Offerings Announced". Roanoke College. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
5.Jump up ^ P.J. Tobia, A Woman Apart: How a Nashville academic, born poor and black, has become a conservative mouthpiece ‘speaking truth to a world that doesn’t want to hear it’, Nashville Scene, July 05, 2008
6.^ Jump up to: a b Be the People: About Carol Swain
7.Jump up ^ Bullock, Charles S. III (Fall 1993). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain". The Georgia Historical Quarterly 77 (3): 656–658. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
8.Jump up ^ Thompson, J. Phillip III (Winter 1993). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain". Political Science Quarterly 108 (4): 743–744. Retrieved 26 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
9.Jump up ^ McClain, Paula D. (November 1994). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress. by Carol M. Swain". The Journal of Politics 56 (4): 1145–1148. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
10.Jump up ^ Overby, L. Marvin (1995). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain". Public Choice 83 (3/4): 386–390. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
11.Jump up ^ Valelly, Richard M. (Spring 1995). "Reviewed Work: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain". Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 14 (2): 346–350. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
12.Jump up ^ Pinderhughes, Dianne M. (December 1994). "Reviewed Works: Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress by Carol M. Swain; From Protest to Politics: The New Black Voters in American Elections by Katherine Tate". American Political Science Review 88 (4): 1008–1010. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
13.Jump up ^ "Justice Kennedy cites Swain – Johnson v. DeGrandy".
14.Jump up ^ "O'Connor cites Swain – Georgia v. Ashcroft".
15.Jump up ^ "Woodrow Wilson Award Winners – American Political Science Association" (PDF).
16.Jump up ^ "Google Books – New White Nationalism". New White Nationalism.
17.Jump up ^ Blee, Kathleen M. (April 2003). "Review of Books: The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration Carol M. Swain". The American Historical Review 108 (2): 457–458. Retrieved 26 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
18.^ Jump up to: a b c Cashmore, Ellis (September 2003). "The Impure Strikes Back: The Making of English National Identity by Krishan Kumar; Race and Racism in Britain by John Solomos; Stuart Hall by Chris Rojek; The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration by Carol M. Swain". British Journal of Sociology 54 (3): 309–311. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
19.Jump up ^ Sawyer, Mark Q. (December 2003). "Reviewed Work: The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration by Carol M. Swain". Perspectives on Politics 1 (4): 792–793. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
20.Jump up ^ Weisenburger, Steven (February 2004). "Reviewed Work: The New White Nationalism in America: Its Challenge to Integration by Carol M. Swain". The Journal of Southern History 70 (1): 200–202. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
21.^ Jump up to: a b Barton, Michael (Spring 2004). "Reviewed Work: THE NEW WHITE NATIONALISM IN AMERICA: Its Challenge to Integration by Carol M. Swain". American Studies 45 (1): 176–177. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
22.Jump up ^ "Google Books – New White Nationalism". Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism.
23.Jump up ^ Beasley, Vanessa B. (August 2004). "Reviewed Work: Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism in America by Carol M. Swain, Russ Nieli". Rhetoric and Public Affairs 7 (1): 103–105. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
24.Jump up ^ Powell, Lawrence N. (August 2004). "Reviewed Work: Contemporary Voices of White Nationalism in America by Carol M. Swain, Russ Nieli". The Journal of Southern History 70 (3): 725–726. Retrieved 2 March 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
25.Jump up ^ Billy Hallowell, Author Seeks to Change America’s ‘Ungodly Direction’, The Blaze, August 30, 2011
26.Jump up ^ "Huffington Post Page".
27.Jump up ^ "CNN Transcript featuring Carol Swain". CNN Transcript featuring Carol Swain.
28.Jump up ^ "Tennessee Advisors – US Civil Rights Commission (see page 5)" (PDF).
29.Jump up ^ "Members – National Council on the Humanities". Members – National Council on the Humanities.
30.Jump up ^ "Roanoke College Trustees". Roanoke College Trustees.
31.^ Jump up to: a b c James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions: Events (Fall 2004)
32.Jump up ^ James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions: Visiting Fellows 2004-05\
33.Jump up ^ Index of Belonging and Rejection Release and News Conference, Family Research Council, December 15, 2010
34.Jump up ^ Tony Perkins, Richard Land, Laurie Cardoza-Moore, Carol Swain, Todd Starnes, Family Research Council, February 25, 2014
35.Jump up ^ Be the People: A Call to Reclaim America's Faith and Promise, Family Research Council, June 09, 2011
36.Jump up ^ Swain Speaks to Wilson County Tea Party, Lebanon Democrat, May 1, 2013
37.Jump up ^ Doing Good to the Stranger and the Citizen: Evangelicals Discuss Immigration Reform, Heritage Foundation, November 15, 2013
38.Jump up ^ Christians and Israel: Carol Swain
39.Jump up ^ Gerald McDermott, New offer from first-ever Christian Zionism conference, Patheos, February 20, 2015
40.Jump up ^ Ronald W. Weathersby, Carol Swain's New Talk Show Gaining Momentum in Middle Tennessee, The Tennessee Tribune, 12 January 2013
41.Jump up ^ Chris Chisum, Popular Show Expands to New Networks, Christian News Wire, February 28, 2014
42.^ Jump up to: a b Gregory Kane, Bold remark on reparations: 'Get over it', The Baltimore Sun, November 27, 2002
43.Jump up ^ Carol M. Swain, An Apology for Slavery, The Washington Post, July 16, 2005
44.Jump up ^ Carol M. Swain, Apologizing for Slavery, Heartland Institute, April 1, 2005
45.^ Jump up to: a b Krissah Thompson, Senate Unanimously Approves Resolution Apologizing for Slavery, The Washington Post, June 19, 2009
46.Jump up ^ Carol M. Swain, Whites are People Too': Why Some White People are Stating the Obvious, The Huffington Post, 09/20/2009
47.^ Jump up to: a b SPLC Accuses Swain of Being an Apologist for White Supremacy, Salon, October 31, 2009
48.Jump up ^ "Black Professor at Vanderbilt University Denies She Is an "Apologist for White Supremacists"". The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (66): 30. Winter 2009. Retrieved 26 February 2015 – via JSTOR. (registration required (help)).
49.Jump up ^ Sonia Scherr, A Slick DVD Defends Racism, Southern Poverty Law Center, October 8, 2009
50.^ Jump up to: a b c James Taranto, In Defense of Carol Swain: A black scholar gets smeared as "an apologist for white supremacists.", The Wall Street Journal, October 26, 2009
51.^ Jump up to: a b c Carol M. Swain, Guilt by Association: The Southern Poverty Law Center Hurls a Punch, The Huffington Post, 18 March 2010
52.Jump up ^ Napp Nazworth, Expert: Black Leaders Fueling Racial Division for Political Gain, The Christian Post, April 10, 2012
53.Jump up ^ Obama Gives Highly Personal Take On Trayvon Martin Death, Urges Soul-Searching, PBS, July 19, 2013
54.Jump up ^ Gregory Kane, Why Carol Swain demands honesty about Trayvon Martin, The Washington Examiner, August 5, 2013
55.^ Jump up to: a b Jessie Washington, [1], The Times of Israel, December 24, 2013
56.Jump up ^ "Beliefs". CarolMSwain.net. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
57.^ Jump up to: a b Carol M. Swain, Charlie Hebdo attacks prove critics were right about Islam, The Tennessean, January 15, 2015
58.^ Jump up to: a b Is Carol Swain Charlie? or Hateful?, Inside Higher Ed, January 19, 2015
59.Jump up ^ "Uproar over Vanderbilt professor's anti-Muslim column @insidehighered". insidehighered.com. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
60.Jump up ^ Students to protest Carol Swain's op-ed on Islam by Aaditi Naik, The Vanderbilt Hustler, January 16, 2015.
61.Jump up ^ Between brats and bigots by Angelica Lasala and Aaditi Naik, The Vanderbilt Hustler, January 21, 2015.
62.Jump up ^ Judson Phillips, Vanderbilt’s Carol Swain, the fight to silence liberty, The Washington Times, January 19, 2015
63.Jump up ^ Vanderbilt Professor Under Attack for Criticizing Islam by Mark Tapson, Frontpagemag, January 23, 2015.
64.Jump up ^ ‘Liberal,’ ‘Tolerant’ Vanderbilt Muslims Seek To Bully Black Professor Into Silence by Eric Owens, Daily Caller, January 21, 2015.
65.Jump up ^ Wasserstein, David J. (19 January 2015). "Thoughtful views on Islam needed, not simplicity". The Tennessean.
66.Jump up ^ Randy Horick (23 January 2015). "Anti-Islam op-ed distorts reality, could harm people". The Tennessean. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
67.^ Jump up to: a b Tom Wilemon, Carol Swain to police: Islam column brings harassment, The Tennessean, February 15, 2015
External links[edit]
Vanderbilt University
Carol Swain Foundation
Appearances on C-SPAN



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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Geri Halliwell

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Geri Horner
Geri Halliwell, Ivor Novello Awards, 2013 (tone).jpg
Halliwell in 2013

Born
Geraldine Estelle Halliwell
 6 August 1972 (age 42)[1][2][3]
Watford, Hertfordshire, England
Other names
Ginger Spice
Occupation
Singer-songwriter ·
 author ·
 actress ·
 fashion designer ·
 model ·
 television personality
 
Years active
1994–present
Spouse(s)
Christian Horner (m. 2015)
Children
1
Musical career
Genres
Pop ·
 dance ·
 synthpop
 
Instruments
Vocals
Labels
Virgin ·
 EMI ·
 Capitol ·
 Innocent ·
 Sony Music Australia
 
Associated acts
Spice Girls
Website
gerihalliwell.com
Geraldine Estelle "Geri" Horner[4] /dʒɛri/ (née Halliwell; born 6 August 1972) is an English pop singer-songwriter, clothes designer, author and actress. Halliwell came to international prominence in the 1990s as Ginger Spice, a member of girl group the Spice Girls. On 27 May 1998, Halliwell left the Spice Girls due to depression and differences within the group. In 2007, it was announced that the Spice Girls had reunited, and that Halliwell had rejoined the group. Together they embarked on the Return of the Spice Girls tour and released a Greatest Hits album. Halliwell has reportedly amassed a $30 million fortune during her last two years in the group.[5]
In 1999, Halliwell launched her solo career and released her debut album, Schizophonic, which spawned three number ones at the UK Singles Chart; "Mi Chico Latino", "Lift Me Up", and "Bag It Up", while the lead single, "Look at Me", peaked at number two. In 2001, Halliwell released her second album, Scream If You Wanna Go Faster; the first single, "It's Raining Men", peaked at number one in the United Kingdom and went on to become Halliwell's biggest hit of her career worldwide. She released her third studio album, Passion, in 2005. Halliwell has been nominated for four Brit Awards (in 2000 and 2002).
After a few years of relative obscurity, in April 2010, Halliwell announced that she had started working on new music.[6] In April 2013, the Nine Network announced that she would become the fourth judge on Australia's Got Talent.[7] On 12 September 2013, it was announced that Halliwell would return to the music industry in Australia with the release of her first solo single in nearly eight years, "Half of Me".[8] With 11 number one singles (seven as part of the Spice Girls and four as a solo artist) she is the female singer with the third most number one singles in UK Singles Chart history.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Musical career 2.1 1994–98: Spice Girls
2.2 1999–2005: Schizophonic, Scream If You Wanna Go Faster and Passion
2.3 2007–present: Spice Girls reunion, Australia's Got Talent and fourth studio album
3 Non-musical works
4 Personal life
5 Discography
6 Bibliography
7 Filmography
8 Awards and nominations
9 References
10 External links

Early life[edit]
Halliwell was born at Watford General Hospital, Hertfordshire, to Laurence Francis Halliwell (1922–1993),[9] who was of English and Swedish descent, and his Spanish wife Ana María (née Hidalgo), who is a native of Huesca. Halliwell grew up on a council estate in North Watford.[10] She was educated at Watford Grammar School for Girls and Camden School for Girls.[11]
Before starting her music career, Halliwell had worked as a nightclub dancer in Majorca,[10] a presenter on the Turkish version of Let's Make a Deal,[10] and as a glamour model.[10] At the age of 29, she appeared in The Sun as a Page 3 girl. Following her rise to fame with the Spice Girls, nude photos of Halliwell were republished in a number of magazines in 1992 and 1996 including Playboy and Penthouse.[12][13]
Musical career[edit]
1994–98: Spice Girls[edit]
Main article: Spice Girls
In 1994 Halliwell, along with Melanie Chisholm, Melanie Brown, Emma Bunton, and Victoria Beckham responded to an advertisement in The Stage magazine.[14] Around 400 women who answered the ad went to Dance Works studios. Halliwell, Chisholm, Beckham (née Adams), Bunton and Brown were ultimately chosen as the members of the group. The group felt insecure about the lack of a contract and were frustrated by the direction in which Heart Management was steering them. In October 1994, armed with a catalogue of demos and dance routines, the group began touring management agencies. They persuaded Bob Herbert to set up a showcase performance for the group in front of industry writers, producers and A&R men in December 1994 at the Nomis Studios in Shepherd's Bush where they received an "overwhelmingly positive" reaction.[15] Due to the large interest in the group, the Herberts quickly set about creating a binding contract for the group. Encouraged by the reaction they had received at the Nomis showcase, all five members delayed signing contracts on the legal advice from, amongst others, Adams' father Anthony Adams. In March 1995, because of the group's frustration at their management's unwillingness to listen to their visions and ideas, they parted with Heart Management.



 Halliwell (centre of photo) performing live with the Spice Girls in Canada
The group began a relationship with Simon Fuller of 19 Entertainment and finally signed with him in March 1995. During the summer of that year the group toured record labels in London and Los Angeles with Fuller and finally signed a deal with Virgin Records in September 1995. From this point on, up to the summer of 1996, the group continued to write and record tracks for their debut album while extensively touring the west coast of the United States, where they had signed a publishing deal with Windswept Pacific. On 7 June 1996, the Spice Girls released their debut single, "Wannabe", in the United Kingdom. In the weeks leading up to the release, the video for "Wannabe", got a trial airing on The Box music channel. The song proved to be a global hit, reaching number 1 in 29 countries.[16] and becoming the biggest-selling single by an all-female group of all time.[17] It was followed by nine further number-1 singles from their albums Spice, Spiceworld and Forever.[18] Each member of the group received a nickname from the media. Halliwell was named "Ginger Spice". Other successful releases followed, including "Say You'll Be There" and "2 Become 1" from Spice, and "Spice Up Your Life", "Too Much" and "Stop" from Spiceworld.[19]



 Halliwell performing on the 1997 Brit Awards wearing the iconic Union Jack dress
On 31 May 1998, Halliwell announced that she had left the Spice Girls due to natural depression and differences between the group.[20] The first official confirmation was an announcement to the media by her solicitor on 31 May. Her action aroused controversy, her former group being due to embark on a North American tour, which they eventually completed without her.[21] Although she had already left the group, the Spice Girls released "Viva Forever", the final music video to feature Halliwell's likeness, plus a one-off supergroup called England United for the official England FC song (Jo Whiley introduced the band saying "...plus Geri as a substitute"). After she left, the other girls co-wrote a few songs about her, which appeared on their album Forever: "Goodbye", "Tell Me Why" and "Let Love Lead the Way".[22] The group is among the best-selling girl groups of all time, selling over 75 million albums.[23][24]
1999–2005: Schizophonic, Scream If You Wanna Go Faster and Passion[edit]
In 1999, Halliwell launched her solo career and released her debut album Schizophonic, with the lead single "Look at Me", produced by Absolute and Phil Bucknall. "Look at Me" was followed by further number ones at the UK Singles Chart "Mi Chico Latino", "Lift Me Up", and "Bag It Up". The album itself reached a peak at number 4 United Kingdom, and sold 600,000 copies there, making it 2× Platinum.[25] Halliwell was nominated at BRIT Awards ceremony in 2000, for Best British Female Solo Artist and Best Pop Act, she also performed "Bag It Up" during the show, emerging between giant inflatable legs, ripping off her shirt and walking in stiletto heels over the backs of topless pink-haired men whilst performing the song. "Look at Me" was released to radio in the United States in late 1999, receiving limited airplay. With only a radio single, Schizophonic debuted at number forty-two on the Billboard 200 before dropping out within the next month. The album was eventually certified Gold, distributing over 500,000 copies.[26] "Mi Chico Latino" did not have a big impact on American radio, and no further singles from Schizophonic or albums were released in the United States.[citation needed] Schizophonic ended up selling around 2,300,000 copies worldwide, and remains Halliwell's biggest selling album to date.[27]
In 2001, Halliwell followed up with her second album, Scream If You Wanna Go Faster, the album peaked at number 5 in the United Kingdom, and sold 200,000 copies there and was certified Gold. It included her cover version of the Weather Girls' 1983 hit, "It's Raining Men", was also used on the Bridget Jones's Diary film soundtrack, and the video game, DDRMAX2 Dance Dance Revolution 7thMix. The song was released as the lead single from the album. "It's Raining Men" became a major hit worldwide, it peaked at number 1 in the United Kingdom and peaked in the top 10 in over 27 countries, becoming Halliwell's biggest hit to date. The song won her the International Song of the Year award at the 2002 NRJ Music Awards. The song originally been added to the album at the last minute, and another song, "Feels Like Sex", had already been slated as the lead single. The singles that followed, "Scream If You Wanna Go Faster" and "Calling", reached number eight and number seven in the United Kingdom, respectively. Halliwell released a special French edition of "Calling", titled "Au Nom de L'amour". Scream If You Wanna Go Faster achieved lower success outside the United Kingdom than Schizophonic and was not released in the United States.[citation needed] In 2002, Halliwell was once again nominated at the BRIT Awards, this time for Best British Female Solo Artist and Best British Single for "It's Raining Men". "Scream If You Wanna Go Faster" has sold a little less than 1,300,000 copies worldwide.[27] In 2002, Halliwell was featured alongside Pete Waterman and Louis Walsh as a judge on the television series Popstars: The Rivals, which created Girls Aloud.[28]
In late 2004, Halliwell made a return to music with the single "Ride It", which reached number four in the United Kingdom and number one on the dance charts. However, several months elapsed before another single was released, during which time she was apparently instructed to record some new tracks for the as yet unreleased album by her record company, which was unhappy with the setlist.[29] Halliwell planned her first solo tour of the United Kingdom and Ireland, but due to lack of ticket sales, compounded by the label's pressure on Halliwell to record additional songs, led to the cancellation of the tour.[citation needed] Eventually, a new single, "Desire", was released on 30 May 2005, reaching number 22 in the UK Singles Chart and number one on the UK Dance Charts. Released shortly after, the source album, Passion, similarly received little attention from the public or critics, and stalled at number 41 in the British charts. Halliwell's recording contract with EMI was subsequently not renewed, and in subsequent interviews, Halliwell stated that she was not interested in recording another album at that time and was content with writing children's books and being a mother.
2007–present: Spice Girls reunion, Australia's Got Talent and fourth studio album[edit]



 Halliwell performing in 4 December 2007 on the Return of The Spice Girls Tour
In 2007, the Spice Girls re-grouped and announced planns for an reunion tour,[24] from which they were said to have earned £10 million each (approximately $20 million).[30] The team's members said that they were still enjoying doing their "own thing".[31] The group decided to release their first compilation album, a collection of their Greatest Hits. This album was released in early November 2007, and the tour began on 2 December 2007. During the reformation Film maker Bob Smeaton directed an official film of the tour, which he titled Spice Girls: Giving You Everything.[32] As well as their sell-out tour, the Spice Girls were contracted to appear in Tesco advertisements, for which they were paid £1 million each.[33] In March 2010 vocal coach and singer Carrie Grant announced on ITV1's The Alan Titchmarsh Show that Halliwell would be making a return to music. In April 2010, Halliwell posted a message on her website, saying she was back in the studio and referring to Lady Gaga as one of her influences.[34] In May 2011, reports suggested that Halliwell would be making a return to music.[35] On 31 July 2011, Halliwell confirmed she had been working on her fourth album, stating of it, "The album's pretty much finished."[6]
In February 2012, Halliwell announced that the fourth album was being mastered.[36] In August 2012, she reunited with the Spice Girls to perform at the closing ceremony of the Olympic Games in London. In 2010, Halliwell stood in for Dannii Minogue as a guest judge on The X Factor at the Glasgow auditions alongside Simon Cowell, Louis Walsh and Cheryl Cole,[37] and she returned again in 2012 as a guest judge at the Liverpool auditions alongside Walsh, Gary Barlow and Tulisa Contostavlos. In October 2012, Halliwell made her first solo performance in seven years at the Breast Cancer Care, debutting a new track, called "Phenomenal Woman".[38][39] In January 2013, Halliwell claimed that she had decided to shelve the album that was ready and continue writing and recording, moving in a different style direction. In April 2013, the Nine Network announced that she would become the fourth judge on Australia's Got Talent.[7]
On 5 September 2013, it was confirmed by Channel 9's NRL Footy Show (one of the longest running shows in Australia) that Halliwell would be performing a world exclusive of "Half of Me", her first solo single in nearly eight years, at its Grand Final Show. The performance took place on 3 October 2013, exactly one year after her last exhibition with new material at the Breast Cancer Care Show. On 12 September 2013, it was announced that the song "Half of Me" would be released exclusively in Australia, as part of a new deal with Sony Music Australia.[8] The single was released on 25 October 2013 and reached a dismal number 281 in the Australian charts.[40] Halliwell then took to her official blog to write about her[41] upsetting experience back in the music business and hinted of possibly retiring for good. On the grand final of Australia's Got Talent, she performed an acoustic version of the Spice Girls' hit single "Wannabe".[42]
In 2015, Halliwell has revealed she is back in studio for working on a new material.[43]
Non-musical works[edit]
In 1999, she wrote an autobiography If Only, in which described her life as a Spice Girl.[28] In 1999 Halliwell became a representative for the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).[44] Halliwell appeared in a 90-minute documentary Geri for the British television channel Channel 4 by Molly Dineen.[45] In 2000 Halliwell appeared in the two part documentary series Geri's World Walkabout for the BBC, which followed her work with the UN and other travels. Halliwell picked up further UN work in 2006, by visiting Zambia from 14–16 November, to promote greater international awareness of the urgent need to reduce maternal death and halt the spread of HIV/AIDS.[citation needed] In the run-up to the 1997 UK General Election, Halliwell declared: "I saw a lot of what Mrs Thatcher did. She was definitely the original Spice Girl rising from the greengrocer's daughter to Prime Minister." She claimed that her background was deeply rooted in support for the Conservative Party and that Thatcher was the pioneer of 'Girl Power' and the spiritual sixth member of the Spice Girls. She claimed in 1996 that Tony Blair was "not a safe pair of hands for the economy".[46]



 Halliwell at a book signing in 2008
By the 2001 general election Halliwell had switched her support to Tony Blair and the Labour Party, making a cameo appearance in one of their party election broadcasts.[47] In 2002 she released her second autobiography, Just for the Record, detailing her rise to fame and her turbulent celebrity lifestyle.[28] She has also released two Yoga DVDs with her yoga teacher Katy Appleton, Geri Yoga and Geri Body Yoga.[48] In the United States, Halliwell appeared as a judge on the reality programme All American Girl and as a guest reporter on celebrity-based series Extra. She has also made appearances in the television series Sex and the City and in the 2004 film Fat Slags, based on characters from Viz Magazine.
In 2004, Halliwell appeared on Channel Five as one of the hosts of the Party in the Park event for the Prince's Trust, the presenter and main performer of the Tickled Pink Girls' night in Live! event and an appearance in a documentary There's Something About Geri.[28] On 12 April 2007, it was announced that Halliwell had signed a six-book deal with Macmillan Children's Books.[49] The books follow the adventures of nine-year-old Ugenia, a character based on Halliwell,[50] alongside her friends Bronte, Rudy and Trevor.[51] The character Princess Posh Vattoria, a caricature of Halliwell's bandmate Victoria Beckham, was featured in early drafts but has not appeared in the book series.[52] Other characters are said by Halliwell to be loosely based on Gordon Ramsay,[53] George Michael,[54] Marilyn Monroe,[55] Vincent van Gogh,[55] Wayne Rooney[56] and the character Justin Suarez from the TV series Ugly Betty.[56] According to the official site, the book sold more than 250,000 copies in its first 5 months making its author Halliwell 2008's most successful female celebrity children's author.[57]
Halliwell appeared in the film Crank: High Voltage alongside her friend, actor John Damon, and on the BBC 1's The One Show on 7 May 2009.[58]
Personal life[edit]
On 14 May 2006 Halliwell gave birth to her daughter, Bluebell, at London's Portland Hospital. The father is screenwriter Sacha Gervasi who she dated for six weeks in 2005. Victoria Beckham and Emma Bunton are godmothers.[59]
Halliwell began dating Christian Horner, the Team Principal of the Infiniti Red Bull Racing Formula One team in February 2014;[60] the couple announced their engagement in The Times in November 2014.[61] Their wedding took place on Saturday 16 May 2015 at St Mary's Church in Woburn, Bedfordshire.[62]
Halliwell has spoken out about her experiences of bulimia saying that she came close to death,[63] weighing just 7 stone (44 kg), and was advised by Robbie Williams to seek medical help.[64] She has more recently talked about being comfortable with her body and credits her new found healthy relationship with food to motherhood.[65]
Discography[edit]
Main article: Geri Halliwell discography
Schizophonic (1999)
Scream If You Wanna Go Faster (2001)
Passion (2005)
Bibliography[edit]
1999: If Only
2002: Just for the Record
2008: Ugenia Lavender
Filmography[edit]
Television

Year
Title
Role
Notes
1990 Dance Energy Herself Uncredited; Only as Dancer/Stagehand
1991 Let's Make a Deal Herself Uncredited; Only as Dancer/Stagehand
1999 100 Greatest Women of Rock & Roll Presenter TV show
Al Salir de Clase Herself "Duelo en las calles" (Episode 63; Season 3)
 "Rebelión en las aulas" (Episode 65; Season 3)
2002 Bo' Selecta! Various roles "Geri Halliwell" (Episode 4; Season 1)
Popstars: The Rivals Mentor/Herself/Judge Season 1
2003 All American Girl Mentor/Herself/Judge Season 1
Sex and the City Phoebe Herrison "Boy, Interrupted" (Episode 10; Season 6)
2004 Top Gear Herself "5.2" (Episode 2; Season 5)
2008 Friday Night Project Presenter/Sely/Lissandra Episode 5; Season 6
American Idol Mentor/Herself/Judge Episode 30; Season 7
2009 Head Case Susan Galler "Back in the Game" (Episode 5; Season 3)
2010 Come Fly With Me Herself "Pilot" (Episode 1; Season 1)
2010 The X Factor Herself/Judge Season 7 (Glasgow auditions judge)
2012 The Spice Girls Story: Viva Forever Herself Documentary about the Spice Girls
2012 The X Factor Herself/Judge Season 9 (Liverpool auditions judge)
2013 Australia's Got Talent Herself/Judge Series 7
Films

Year
Title
Role
Notes
1995 Foggy Notion Sami Main role
1997 Spiceworld Ginger Spice 
1999 Geri – A Film by Molly Dineen Herself TV film; Documentary
2000 Geri's World Walkabouts Herself TV film; Documentary
Therapy Amy Sulivan Unreleased[66]
2004 Fat Slags: The Film Paige Stonach Voice; Animation film
2005 There's Something About Geri Herself TV film; Documentary
2007 Giving You Everything Herself TV film; Documentary
2009 Crank 2: High Voltage Karen Chelios 
Ant & Dec's Christmas Show Geri Doll TV film
2012 Viva Forever (The Spice Girls Story) Herself TV movie; Documentary
Awards and nominations[edit]

Year
Award
Category
For
Result
Notes

1999 Blockbuster Entertainment Award Favourite Actress – Comedy Spiceworld Nominated Shared with the Spice Girls
MTV Europe Music Awards Best Female  Nominated 
2000 Brit Awards Best British Female Solo Artist  Nominated 
Best Pop Act  Nominated 
Capital FM Awards Best British Female Singer  Won 
2001 Comet Awards Best International Female Singer  Won 
2002 Brit Awards Best British Female Solo Artist  Nominated 
Best British Single "It's Raining Men" Nominated 
NRJ Music Awards International Song of the Year "It's Raining Men" Won 
International Female Artist of the Year  Nominated 
2008  Bestselling female celebrity children's author of 2008. Ugenia Lavender Won 

References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Monitor". Entertainment Weekly (1219) (Time Inc.). 10 August 2012. p. 27.
2.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell Biography – Facts, Birthday, Life Story". Biography.com. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
3.Jump up ^ "Birth register page with Halliwell's entry".
4.Jump up ^ https://twitter.com/gerihalliwell
5.Jump up ^ "Ginger Spice's Departure Marks "End of the Beginning"" (DOC). Rolling Stone. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
6.^ Jump up to: a b "Geri Halliwell: 'My new album is ready'". Digital Spy. 31 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
7.^ Jump up to: a b "Geri Halliwell". Agt.ninemsn.com.au. 5 August 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Brandle, Lisa (12 September 2013). "Geri Halliwell Readies New Music, Signs to Sony Music Australia". Billboard. Billboard.com. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
9.Jump up ^ "Deaths England and Wales 1984–2006". Findmypast.co.uk. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c d Geri Halliwell, If Only
11.Jump up ^ Education (6 September 2008). "Town vs gown: north London". Telegraph. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
12.Jump up ^ Playboy (May 1998). 1998. Missing or empty |title= (help)
13.Jump up ^ Penthouse (June 1998). 1998. Missing or empty |title= (help)
14.Jump up ^ Spice Girls Official. Timeline. Retrieved 16 March 2009.
15.Jump up ^ Sinclair, p. 33.
16.Jump up ^ McGibbon, 1997. pp. 124–125.
17.Jump up ^ "Spice Girls, PMS on the Money". MTV Networks. 1 October 1997. Retrieved 21 March 2010.
18.Jump up ^ Barbara, Ellen (2 November 2003). "Watch this Spice". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 20 December 2007.
19.Jump up ^ Chart performances for the singles released by the Spice Girls. Retrieved from http://foreverspice.com/spicediscography/spicegirls.htm/.
20.Jump up ^ On This Day (30 May 1998): "Ginger leaves the Spice Girls". BBC News.
21.Jump up ^ "Spice Girls will do U.S. tour, with or without Ginger". London (AP). Saturday, 30 May 1998. Aallpop.canoe.ca.
22.Jump up ^ "Spice Girls dismiss comeback plan". Tuesday, 18 February 2003. BBC News. Halliwell left at the peak of the Spice Girls' success, and in 2007 the five girls reunited to embark on a final world tour and released another hit, "Headlines", a song about the girls' friendship and their relationships with each other.
23.Jump up ^ Hoyle, Ben (22 January 2010). "Viva Forever: Mamma Mia creator creates Spice Girls musical". The Times. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
24.^ Jump up to: a b "Spice Girls announce reunion tour". BBC News. 13 July 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2007.
25.Jump up ^ "BPI Certified Awards". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 10 February 2011.
26.Jump up ^ "RIAA Certification for "Schizophonic"". Riaa.com. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
27.^ Jump up to: a b "Geri Halliwell Sales around the world". chartsinfrance.net. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
28.^ Jump up to: a b c d "Geri Halliwell – Biography". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
29.Jump up ^ "Interessante Informationen über die Musikgeschichte auf www.spicediscography.co.uk". Spicediscography.co.uk. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
30.Jump up ^ Nikkhah, Roya (16 December 2007). "A decade on, Spice Girls rock in London gig". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 20 December 2007.
31.Jump up ^ "Victoria Beckham Confident in Spice Girls' Reunion". Softpedia. Retrieved 5 August 2005.
32.Jump up ^ "New Spice Girls documentary on BBC One on 31 December". BBC Press Office. 19 October 2007. Retrieved 4 December 2007.
33.Jump up ^ Levy, Megan. Levy, Megan (12 November 2007). "Spice Girls front Tesco advertising campaign". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 20 December 2007.
34.Jump up ^ Moodie, Clemmie and Lawler, Danielle (3 April 2010). "Geri Halliwell is back in the studio and wants to get back on the road". Daily Mirror (Trinity Mirror). Retrieved 18 April 2010.
35.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell plans chart comeback!". Heatworld. 20 May 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
36.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell: 'My new album will be released very soon'". Digital Spy. 3 February 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
37.Jump up ^ "Halliwell joins X Factor judging panel". www.rte.ie. 10 June 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
38.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell Planning Solo Comeback". 4Music. 8 September 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
39.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell debuts new single 'Phenomenal Woman' – video". Digital Spy. 4 October 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
40.Jump up ^ Moodie, Clemmie (5 November 2013). "Geri Halliwell embarrassed as new single flops with less than 400 sales in Australia – Mirror Online". Mirror.co.uk. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
41.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell Blog". Blog.gerihalliwell.com. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
42.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell – Wannabe – Live on Australia's Got Talent 2013 [HD". YouTube. 10 November 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
43.Jump up ^ Geri Halliwell is back in studio on contactmusic.com
44.Jump up ^ "Geri starts UN work". BBC News. 11 June 1999. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
45.Jump up ^ Geri (Documentary by Molly Dineen) at the Internet Movie Database
46.Jump up ^ "Campaigning with the stars". BBC News. 14 May 2001. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
47.Jump up ^ "Tories dismiss Geri's Labour role". BBC News. 14 May 2001.
48.Jump up ^ "iVillage.com: A daily destination for everything that matters to women". iVillage. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
49.Jump up ^ "Halliwell launches writing career" Retrieved 12 April 2007, BBC News
50.Jump up ^ "New chapter for author Geri as she presents her 'inner brat' Ugenia". Hello Magazine. 28 April 2008. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
51.Jump up ^ "The first of six children's books by Geri Halliwell" (DOC). Pan Macmillan press release. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
52.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell writes kids' books". BBC Radio 1. 2008-04-30. Retrieved 3 May 2008.
53.Jump up ^ "Halliwell launches writing career". BBC News. 12 April 2007. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
54.Jump up ^ "Geri: Books first step to girl power". This Is Nottingham. 29 April 2008. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
55.^ Jump up to: a b Ellen, Barbara (15 April 2007). "Geri blossoms". The Observer (London). Retrieved 29 April 2008.
56.^ Jump up to: a b Didcock, Barry (5 May 2008). "Geri Halliwell". Sunday Herald. Retrieved 5 May 2008.
57.Jump up ^ "She's Ingenious". Ugenia Lavender. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
58.Jump up ^ The One Show Team (7 May 2009). "What did you think of the One?". BBC News. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
59.Jump up ^ "Famous godparents – Bluebell Halliwell and Victoria Beckham – Supanet Gallery". Supanet.com. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
60.Jump up ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2592182/Geri-Halliwell-dating-Formula-1-team-boss-Christian-Horner-split-girlfriend-14-years.html
61.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell engaged to Formula One team boss Christian Horner". The Telegraph. 11 November 2014.
62.Jump up ^ Rebecca Pockington, Geri Halliwell wedding: Live updates as the Spice Girl marries F1 boss Christian Horner, The Daily Mirror, 16 May 2015
63.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell: Bulimia almost killed me". Ok Magazine. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
64.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell: Robbie Williams saved me from dying from bulimia". Daily Mail. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
65.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell: Bulimia will always be with me". Mirror. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
66.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell's 'Therapy' Cancelled". Pop Dirt. Retrieved 13 May 2010.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Geri Halliwell.
Official website
Geri Halliwell at the Internet Movie Database


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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geri_Halliwell









Geri Halliwell

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Geri Horner
Geri Halliwell, Ivor Novello Awards, 2013 (tone).jpg
Halliwell in 2013

Born
Geraldine Estelle Halliwell
 6 August 1972 (age 42)[1][2][3]
Watford, Hertfordshire, England
Other names
Ginger Spice
Occupation
Singer-songwriter ·
 author ·
 actress ·
 fashion designer ·
 model ·
 television personality
 
Years active
1994–present
Spouse(s)
Christian Horner (m. 2015)
Children
1
Musical career
Genres
Pop ·
 dance ·
 synthpop
 
Instruments
Vocals
Labels
Virgin ·
 EMI ·
 Capitol ·
 Innocent ·
 Sony Music Australia
 
Associated acts
Spice Girls
Website
gerihalliwell.com
Geraldine Estelle "Geri" Horner[4] /dʒɛri/ (née Halliwell; born 6 August 1972) is an English pop singer-songwriter, clothes designer, author and actress. Halliwell came to international prominence in the 1990s as Ginger Spice, a member of girl group the Spice Girls. On 27 May 1998, Halliwell left the Spice Girls due to depression and differences within the group. In 2007, it was announced that the Spice Girls had reunited, and that Halliwell had rejoined the group. Together they embarked on the Return of the Spice Girls tour and released a Greatest Hits album. Halliwell has reportedly amassed a $30 million fortune during her last two years in the group.[5]
In 1999, Halliwell launched her solo career and released her debut album, Schizophonic, which spawned three number ones at the UK Singles Chart; "Mi Chico Latino", "Lift Me Up", and "Bag It Up", while the lead single, "Look at Me", peaked at number two. In 2001, Halliwell released her second album, Scream If You Wanna Go Faster; the first single, "It's Raining Men", peaked at number one in the United Kingdom and went on to become Halliwell's biggest hit of her career worldwide. She released her third studio album, Passion, in 2005. Halliwell has been nominated for four Brit Awards (in 2000 and 2002).
After a few years of relative obscurity, in April 2010, Halliwell announced that she had started working on new music.[6] In April 2013, the Nine Network announced that she would become the fourth judge on Australia's Got Talent.[7] On 12 September 2013, it was announced that Halliwell would return to the music industry in Australia with the release of her first solo single in nearly eight years, "Half of Me".[8] With 11 number one singles (seven as part of the Spice Girls and four as a solo artist) she is the female singer with the third most number one singles in UK Singles Chart history.


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Musical career 2.1 1994–98: Spice Girls
2.2 1999–2005: Schizophonic, Scream If You Wanna Go Faster and Passion
2.3 2007–present: Spice Girls reunion, Australia's Got Talent and fourth studio album
3 Non-musical works
4 Personal life
5 Discography
6 Bibliography
7 Filmography
8 Awards and nominations
9 References
10 External links

Early life[edit]
Halliwell was born at Watford General Hospital, Hertfordshire, to Laurence Francis Halliwell (1922–1993),[9] who was of English and Swedish descent, and his Spanish wife Ana María (née Hidalgo), who is a native of Huesca. Halliwell grew up on a council estate in North Watford.[10] She was educated at Watford Grammar School for Girls and Camden School for Girls.[11]
Before starting her music career, Halliwell had worked as a nightclub dancer in Majorca,[10] a presenter on the Turkish version of Let's Make a Deal,[10] and as a glamour model.[10] At the age of 29, she appeared in The Sun as a Page 3 girl. Following her rise to fame with the Spice Girls, nude photos of Halliwell were republished in a number of magazines in 1992 and 1996 including Playboy and Penthouse.[12][13]
Musical career[edit]
1994–98: Spice Girls[edit]
Main article: Spice Girls
In 1994 Halliwell, along with Melanie Chisholm, Melanie Brown, Emma Bunton, and Victoria Beckham responded to an advertisement in The Stage magazine.[14] Around 400 women who answered the ad went to Dance Works studios. Halliwell, Chisholm, Beckham (née Adams), Bunton and Brown were ultimately chosen as the members of the group. The group felt insecure about the lack of a contract and were frustrated by the direction in which Heart Management was steering them. In October 1994, armed with a catalogue of demos and dance routines, the group began touring management agencies. They persuaded Bob Herbert to set up a showcase performance for the group in front of industry writers, producers and A&R men in December 1994 at the Nomis Studios in Shepherd's Bush where they received an "overwhelmingly positive" reaction.[15] Due to the large interest in the group, the Herberts quickly set about creating a binding contract for the group. Encouraged by the reaction they had received at the Nomis showcase, all five members delayed signing contracts on the legal advice from, amongst others, Adams' father Anthony Adams. In March 1995, because of the group's frustration at their management's unwillingness to listen to their visions and ideas, they parted with Heart Management.



 Halliwell (centre of photo) performing live with the Spice Girls in Canada
The group began a relationship with Simon Fuller of 19 Entertainment and finally signed with him in March 1995. During the summer of that year the group toured record labels in London and Los Angeles with Fuller and finally signed a deal with Virgin Records in September 1995. From this point on, up to the summer of 1996, the group continued to write and record tracks for their debut album while extensively touring the west coast of the United States, where they had signed a publishing deal with Windswept Pacific. On 7 June 1996, the Spice Girls released their debut single, "Wannabe", in the United Kingdom. In the weeks leading up to the release, the video for "Wannabe", got a trial airing on The Box music channel. The song proved to be a global hit, reaching number 1 in 29 countries.[16] and becoming the biggest-selling single by an all-female group of all time.[17] It was followed by nine further number-1 singles from their albums Spice, Spiceworld and Forever.[18] Each member of the group received a nickname from the media. Halliwell was named "Ginger Spice". Other successful releases followed, including "Say You'll Be There" and "2 Become 1" from Spice, and "Spice Up Your Life", "Too Much" and "Stop" from Spiceworld.[19]



 Halliwell performing on the 1997 Brit Awards wearing the iconic Union Jack dress
On 31 May 1998, Halliwell announced that she had left the Spice Girls due to natural depression and differences between the group.[20] The first official confirmation was an announcement to the media by her solicitor on 31 May. Her action aroused controversy, her former group being due to embark on a North American tour, which they eventually completed without her.[21] Although she had already left the group, the Spice Girls released "Viva Forever", the final music video to feature Halliwell's likeness, plus a one-off supergroup called England United for the official England FC song (Jo Whiley introduced the band saying "...plus Geri as a substitute"). After she left, the other girls co-wrote a few songs about her, which appeared on their album Forever: "Goodbye", "Tell Me Why" and "Let Love Lead the Way".[22] The group is among the best-selling girl groups of all time, selling over 75 million albums.[23][24]
1999–2005: Schizophonic, Scream If You Wanna Go Faster and Passion[edit]
In 1999, Halliwell launched her solo career and released her debut album Schizophonic, with the lead single "Look at Me", produced by Absolute and Phil Bucknall. "Look at Me" was followed by further number ones at the UK Singles Chart "Mi Chico Latino", "Lift Me Up", and "Bag It Up". The album itself reached a peak at number 4 United Kingdom, and sold 600,000 copies there, making it 2× Platinum.[25] Halliwell was nominated at BRIT Awards ceremony in 2000, for Best British Female Solo Artist and Best Pop Act, she also performed "Bag It Up" during the show, emerging between giant inflatable legs, ripping off her shirt and walking in stiletto heels over the backs of topless pink-haired men whilst performing the song. "Look at Me" was released to radio in the United States in late 1999, receiving limited airplay. With only a radio single, Schizophonic debuted at number forty-two on the Billboard 200 before dropping out within the next month. The album was eventually certified Gold, distributing over 500,000 copies.[26] "Mi Chico Latino" did not have a big impact on American radio, and no further singles from Schizophonic or albums were released in the United States.[citation needed] Schizophonic ended up selling around 2,300,000 copies worldwide, and remains Halliwell's biggest selling album to date.[27]
In 2001, Halliwell followed up with her second album, Scream If You Wanna Go Faster, the album peaked at number 5 in the United Kingdom, and sold 200,000 copies there and was certified Gold. It included her cover version of the Weather Girls' 1983 hit, "It's Raining Men", was also used on the Bridget Jones's Diary film soundtrack, and the video game, DDRMAX2 Dance Dance Revolution 7thMix. The song was released as the lead single from the album. "It's Raining Men" became a major hit worldwide, it peaked at number 1 in the United Kingdom and peaked in the top 10 in over 27 countries, becoming Halliwell's biggest hit to date. The song won her the International Song of the Year award at the 2002 NRJ Music Awards. The song originally been added to the album at the last minute, and another song, "Feels Like Sex", had already been slated as the lead single. The singles that followed, "Scream If You Wanna Go Faster" and "Calling", reached number eight and number seven in the United Kingdom, respectively. Halliwell released a special French edition of "Calling", titled "Au Nom de L'amour". Scream If You Wanna Go Faster achieved lower success outside the United Kingdom than Schizophonic and was not released in the United States.[citation needed] In 2002, Halliwell was once again nominated at the BRIT Awards, this time for Best British Female Solo Artist and Best British Single for "It's Raining Men". "Scream If You Wanna Go Faster" has sold a little less than 1,300,000 copies worldwide.[27] In 2002, Halliwell was featured alongside Pete Waterman and Louis Walsh as a judge on the television series Popstars: The Rivals, which created Girls Aloud.[28]
In late 2004, Halliwell made a return to music with the single "Ride It", which reached number four in the United Kingdom and number one on the dance charts. However, several months elapsed before another single was released, during which time she was apparently instructed to record some new tracks for the as yet unreleased album by her record company, which was unhappy with the setlist.[29] Halliwell planned her first solo tour of the United Kingdom and Ireland, but due to lack of ticket sales, compounded by the label's pressure on Halliwell to record additional songs, led to the cancellation of the tour.[citation needed] Eventually, a new single, "Desire", was released on 30 May 2005, reaching number 22 in the UK Singles Chart and number one on the UK Dance Charts. Released shortly after, the source album, Passion, similarly received little attention from the public or critics, and stalled at number 41 in the British charts. Halliwell's recording contract with EMI was subsequently not renewed, and in subsequent interviews, Halliwell stated that she was not interested in recording another album at that time and was content with writing children's books and being a mother.
2007–present: Spice Girls reunion, Australia's Got Talent and fourth studio album[edit]



 Halliwell performing in 4 December 2007 on the Return of The Spice Girls Tour
In 2007, the Spice Girls re-grouped and announced planns for an reunion tour,[24] from which they were said to have earned £10 million each (approximately $20 million).[30] The team's members said that they were still enjoying doing their "own thing".[31] The group decided to release their first compilation album, a collection of their Greatest Hits. This album was released in early November 2007, and the tour began on 2 December 2007. During the reformation Film maker Bob Smeaton directed an official film of the tour, which he titled Spice Girls: Giving You Everything.[32] As well as their sell-out tour, the Spice Girls were contracted to appear in Tesco advertisements, for which they were paid £1 million each.[33] In March 2010 vocal coach and singer Carrie Grant announced on ITV1's The Alan Titchmarsh Show that Halliwell would be making a return to music. In April 2010, Halliwell posted a message on her website, saying she was back in the studio and referring to Lady Gaga as one of her influences.[34] In May 2011, reports suggested that Halliwell would be making a return to music.[35] On 31 July 2011, Halliwell confirmed she had been working on her fourth album, stating of it, "The album's pretty much finished."[6]
In February 2012, Halliwell announced that the fourth album was being mastered.[36] In August 2012, she reunited with the Spice Girls to perform at the closing ceremony of the Olympic Games in London. In 2010, Halliwell stood in for Dannii Minogue as a guest judge on The X Factor at the Glasgow auditions alongside Simon Cowell, Louis Walsh and Cheryl Cole,[37] and she returned again in 2012 as a guest judge at the Liverpool auditions alongside Walsh, Gary Barlow and Tulisa Contostavlos. In October 2012, Halliwell made her first solo performance in seven years at the Breast Cancer Care, debutting a new track, called "Phenomenal Woman".[38][39] In January 2013, Halliwell claimed that she had decided to shelve the album that was ready and continue writing and recording, moving in a different style direction. In April 2013, the Nine Network announced that she would become the fourth judge on Australia's Got Talent.[7]
On 5 September 2013, it was confirmed by Channel 9's NRL Footy Show (one of the longest running shows in Australia) that Halliwell would be performing a world exclusive of "Half of Me", her first solo single in nearly eight years, at its Grand Final Show. The performance took place on 3 October 2013, exactly one year after her last exhibition with new material at the Breast Cancer Care Show. On 12 September 2013, it was announced that the song "Half of Me" would be released exclusively in Australia, as part of a new deal with Sony Music Australia.[8] The single was released on 25 October 2013 and reached a dismal number 281 in the Australian charts.[40] Halliwell then took to her official blog to write about her[41] upsetting experience back in the music business and hinted of possibly retiring for good. On the grand final of Australia's Got Talent, she performed an acoustic version of the Spice Girls' hit single "Wannabe".[42]
In 2015, Halliwell has revealed she is back in studio for working on a new material.[43]
Non-musical works[edit]
In 1999, she wrote an autobiography If Only, in which described her life as a Spice Girl.[28] In 1999 Halliwell became a representative for the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).[44] Halliwell appeared in a 90-minute documentary Geri for the British television channel Channel 4 by Molly Dineen.[45] In 2000 Halliwell appeared in the two part documentary series Geri's World Walkabout for the BBC, which followed her work with the UN and other travels. Halliwell picked up further UN work in 2006, by visiting Zambia from 14–16 November, to promote greater international awareness of the urgent need to reduce maternal death and halt the spread of HIV/AIDS.[citation needed] In the run-up to the 1997 UK General Election, Halliwell declared: "I saw a lot of what Mrs Thatcher did. She was definitely the original Spice Girl rising from the greengrocer's daughter to Prime Minister." She claimed that her background was deeply rooted in support for the Conservative Party and that Thatcher was the pioneer of 'Girl Power' and the spiritual sixth member of the Spice Girls. She claimed in 1996 that Tony Blair was "not a safe pair of hands for the economy".[46]



 Halliwell at a book signing in 2008
By the 2001 general election Halliwell had switched her support to Tony Blair and the Labour Party, making a cameo appearance in one of their party election broadcasts.[47] In 2002 she released her second autobiography, Just for the Record, detailing her rise to fame and her turbulent celebrity lifestyle.[28] She has also released two Yoga DVDs with her yoga teacher Katy Appleton, Geri Yoga and Geri Body Yoga.[48] In the United States, Halliwell appeared as a judge on the reality programme All American Girl and as a guest reporter on celebrity-based series Extra. She has also made appearances in the television series Sex and the City and in the 2004 film Fat Slags, based on characters from Viz Magazine.
In 2004, Halliwell appeared on Channel Five as one of the hosts of the Party in the Park event for the Prince's Trust, the presenter and main performer of the Tickled Pink Girls' night in Live! event and an appearance in a documentary There's Something About Geri.[28] On 12 April 2007, it was announced that Halliwell had signed a six-book deal with Macmillan Children's Books.[49] The books follow the adventures of nine-year-old Ugenia, a character based on Halliwell,[50] alongside her friends Bronte, Rudy and Trevor.[51] The character Princess Posh Vattoria, a caricature of Halliwell's bandmate Victoria Beckham, was featured in early drafts but has not appeared in the book series.[52] Other characters are said by Halliwell to be loosely based on Gordon Ramsay,[53] George Michael,[54] Marilyn Monroe,[55] Vincent van Gogh,[55] Wayne Rooney[56] and the character Justin Suarez from the TV series Ugly Betty.[56] According to the official site, the book sold more than 250,000 copies in its first 5 months making its author Halliwell 2008's most successful female celebrity children's author.[57]
Halliwell appeared in the film Crank: High Voltage alongside her friend, actor John Damon, and on the BBC 1's The One Show on 7 May 2009.[58]
Personal life[edit]
On 14 May 2006 Halliwell gave birth to her daughter, Bluebell, at London's Portland Hospital. The father is screenwriter Sacha Gervasi who she dated for six weeks in 2005. Victoria Beckham and Emma Bunton are godmothers.[59]
Halliwell began dating Christian Horner, the Team Principal of the Infiniti Red Bull Racing Formula One team in February 2014;[60] the couple announced their engagement in The Times in November 2014.[61] Their wedding took place on Saturday 16 May 2015 at St Mary's Church in Woburn, Bedfordshire.[62]
Halliwell has spoken out about her experiences of bulimia saying that she came close to death,[63] weighing just 7 stone (44 kg), and was advised by Robbie Williams to seek medical help.[64] She has more recently talked about being comfortable with her body and credits her new found healthy relationship with food to motherhood.[65]
Discography[edit]
Main article: Geri Halliwell discography
Schizophonic (1999)
Scream If You Wanna Go Faster (2001)
Passion (2005)
Bibliography[edit]
1999: If Only
2002: Just for the Record
2008: Ugenia Lavender
Filmography[edit]
Television

Year
Title
Role
Notes
1990 Dance Energy Herself Uncredited; Only as Dancer/Stagehand
1991 Let's Make a Deal Herself Uncredited; Only as Dancer/Stagehand
1999 100 Greatest Women of Rock & Roll Presenter TV show
Al Salir de Clase Herself "Duelo en las calles" (Episode 63; Season 3)
 "Rebelión en las aulas" (Episode 65; Season 3)
2002 Bo' Selecta! Various roles "Geri Halliwell" (Episode 4; Season 1)
Popstars: The Rivals Mentor/Herself/Judge Season 1
2003 All American Girl Mentor/Herself/Judge Season 1
Sex and the City Phoebe Herrison "Boy, Interrupted" (Episode 10; Season 6)
2004 Top Gear Herself "5.2" (Episode 2; Season 5)
2008 Friday Night Project Presenter/Sely/Lissandra Episode 5; Season 6
American Idol Mentor/Herself/Judge Episode 30; Season 7
2009 Head Case Susan Galler "Back in the Game" (Episode 5; Season 3)
2010 Come Fly With Me Herself "Pilot" (Episode 1; Season 1)
2010 The X Factor Herself/Judge Season 7 (Glasgow auditions judge)
2012 The Spice Girls Story: Viva Forever Herself Documentary about the Spice Girls
2012 The X Factor Herself/Judge Season 9 (Liverpool auditions judge)
2013 Australia's Got Talent Herself/Judge Series 7
Films

Year
Title
Role
Notes
1995 Foggy Notion Sami Main role
1997 Spiceworld Ginger Spice 
1999 Geri – A Film by Molly Dineen Herself TV film; Documentary
2000 Geri's World Walkabouts Herself TV film; Documentary
Therapy Amy Sulivan Unreleased[66]
2004 Fat Slags: The Film Paige Stonach Voice; Animation film
2005 There's Something About Geri Herself TV film; Documentary
2007 Giving You Everything Herself TV film; Documentary
2009 Crank 2: High Voltage Karen Chelios 
Ant & Dec's Christmas Show Geri Doll TV film
2012 Viva Forever (The Spice Girls Story) Herself TV movie; Documentary
Awards and nominations[edit]

Year
Award
Category
For
Result
Notes

1999 Blockbuster Entertainment Award Favourite Actress – Comedy Spiceworld Nominated Shared with the Spice Girls
MTV Europe Music Awards Best Female  Nominated 
2000 Brit Awards Best British Female Solo Artist  Nominated 
Best Pop Act  Nominated 
Capital FM Awards Best British Female Singer  Won 
2001 Comet Awards Best International Female Singer  Won 
2002 Brit Awards Best British Female Solo Artist  Nominated 
Best British Single "It's Raining Men" Nominated 
NRJ Music Awards International Song of the Year "It's Raining Men" Won 
International Female Artist of the Year  Nominated 
2008  Bestselling female celebrity children's author of 2008. Ugenia Lavender Won 

References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Monitor". Entertainment Weekly (1219) (Time Inc.). 10 August 2012. p. 27.
2.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell Biography – Facts, Birthday, Life Story". Biography.com. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
3.Jump up ^ "Birth register page with Halliwell's entry".
4.Jump up ^ https://twitter.com/gerihalliwell
5.Jump up ^ "Ginger Spice's Departure Marks "End of the Beginning"" (DOC). Rolling Stone. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
6.^ Jump up to: a b "Geri Halliwell: 'My new album is ready'". Digital Spy. 31 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
7.^ Jump up to: a b "Geri Halliwell". Agt.ninemsn.com.au. 5 August 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Brandle, Lisa (12 September 2013). "Geri Halliwell Readies New Music, Signs to Sony Music Australia". Billboard. Billboard.com. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
9.Jump up ^ "Deaths England and Wales 1984–2006". Findmypast.co.uk. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c d Geri Halliwell, If Only
11.Jump up ^ Education (6 September 2008). "Town vs gown: north London". Telegraph. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
12.Jump up ^ Playboy (May 1998). 1998. Missing or empty |title= (help)
13.Jump up ^ Penthouse (June 1998). 1998. Missing or empty |title= (help)
14.Jump up ^ Spice Girls Official. Timeline. Retrieved 16 March 2009.
15.Jump up ^ Sinclair, p. 33.
16.Jump up ^ McGibbon, 1997. pp. 124–125.
17.Jump up ^ "Spice Girls, PMS on the Money". MTV Networks. 1 October 1997. Retrieved 21 March 2010.
18.Jump up ^ Barbara, Ellen (2 November 2003). "Watch this Spice". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 20 December 2007.
19.Jump up ^ Chart performances for the singles released by the Spice Girls. Retrieved from http://foreverspice.com/spicediscography/spicegirls.htm/.
20.Jump up ^ On This Day (30 May 1998): "Ginger leaves the Spice Girls". BBC News.
21.Jump up ^ "Spice Girls will do U.S. tour, with or without Ginger". London (AP). Saturday, 30 May 1998. Aallpop.canoe.ca.
22.Jump up ^ "Spice Girls dismiss comeback plan". Tuesday, 18 February 2003. BBC News. Halliwell left at the peak of the Spice Girls' success, and in 2007 the five girls reunited to embark on a final world tour and released another hit, "Headlines", a song about the girls' friendship and their relationships with each other.
23.Jump up ^ Hoyle, Ben (22 January 2010). "Viva Forever: Mamma Mia creator creates Spice Girls musical". The Times. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
24.^ Jump up to: a b "Spice Girls announce reunion tour". BBC News. 13 July 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2007.
25.Jump up ^ "BPI Certified Awards". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 10 February 2011.
26.Jump up ^ "RIAA Certification for "Schizophonic"". Riaa.com. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
27.^ Jump up to: a b "Geri Halliwell Sales around the world". chartsinfrance.net. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
28.^ Jump up to: a b c d "Geri Halliwell – Biography". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
29.Jump up ^ "Interessante Informationen über die Musikgeschichte auf www.spicediscography.co.uk". Spicediscography.co.uk. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
30.Jump up ^ Nikkhah, Roya (16 December 2007). "A decade on, Spice Girls rock in London gig". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 20 December 2007.
31.Jump up ^ "Victoria Beckham Confident in Spice Girls' Reunion". Softpedia. Retrieved 5 August 2005.
32.Jump up ^ "New Spice Girls documentary on BBC One on 31 December". BBC Press Office. 19 October 2007. Retrieved 4 December 2007.
33.Jump up ^ Levy, Megan. Levy, Megan (12 November 2007). "Spice Girls front Tesco advertising campaign". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 20 December 2007.
34.Jump up ^ Moodie, Clemmie and Lawler, Danielle (3 April 2010). "Geri Halliwell is back in the studio and wants to get back on the road". Daily Mirror (Trinity Mirror). Retrieved 18 April 2010.
35.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell plans chart comeback!". Heatworld. 20 May 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
36.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell: 'My new album will be released very soon'". Digital Spy. 3 February 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
37.Jump up ^ "Halliwell joins X Factor judging panel". www.rte.ie. 10 June 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
38.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell Planning Solo Comeback". 4Music. 8 September 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
39.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell debuts new single 'Phenomenal Woman' – video". Digital Spy. 4 October 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
40.Jump up ^ Moodie, Clemmie (5 November 2013). "Geri Halliwell embarrassed as new single flops with less than 400 sales in Australia – Mirror Online". Mirror.co.uk. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
41.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell Blog". Blog.gerihalliwell.com. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
42.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell – Wannabe – Live on Australia's Got Talent 2013 [HD". YouTube. 10 November 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
43.Jump up ^ Geri Halliwell is back in studio on contactmusic.com
44.Jump up ^ "Geri starts UN work". BBC News. 11 June 1999. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
45.Jump up ^ Geri (Documentary by Molly Dineen) at the Internet Movie Database
46.Jump up ^ "Campaigning with the stars". BBC News. 14 May 2001. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
47.Jump up ^ "Tories dismiss Geri's Labour role". BBC News. 14 May 2001.
48.Jump up ^ "iVillage.com: A daily destination for everything that matters to women". iVillage. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
49.Jump up ^ "Halliwell launches writing career" Retrieved 12 April 2007, BBC News
50.Jump up ^ "New chapter for author Geri as she presents her 'inner brat' Ugenia". Hello Magazine. 28 April 2008. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
51.Jump up ^ "The first of six children's books by Geri Halliwell" (DOC). Pan Macmillan press release. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
52.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell writes kids' books". BBC Radio 1. 2008-04-30. Retrieved 3 May 2008.
53.Jump up ^ "Halliwell launches writing career". BBC News. 12 April 2007. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
54.Jump up ^ "Geri: Books first step to girl power". This Is Nottingham. 29 April 2008. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
55.^ Jump up to: a b Ellen, Barbara (15 April 2007). "Geri blossoms". The Observer (London). Retrieved 29 April 2008.
56.^ Jump up to: a b Didcock, Barry (5 May 2008). "Geri Halliwell". Sunday Herald. Retrieved 5 May 2008.
57.Jump up ^ "She's Ingenious". Ugenia Lavender. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
58.Jump up ^ The One Show Team (7 May 2009). "What did you think of the One?". BBC News. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
59.Jump up ^ "Famous godparents – Bluebell Halliwell and Victoria Beckham – Supanet Gallery". Supanet.com. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
60.Jump up ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2592182/Geri-Halliwell-dating-Formula-1-team-boss-Christian-Horner-split-girlfriend-14-years.html
61.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell engaged to Formula One team boss Christian Horner". The Telegraph. 11 November 2014.
62.Jump up ^ Rebecca Pockington, Geri Halliwell wedding: Live updates as the Spice Girl marries F1 boss Christian Horner, The Daily Mirror, 16 May 2015
63.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell: Bulimia almost killed me". Ok Magazine. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
64.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell: Robbie Williams saved me from dying from bulimia". Daily Mail. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
65.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell: Bulimia will always be with me". Mirror. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
66.Jump up ^ "Geri Halliwell's 'Therapy' Cancelled". Pop Dirt. Retrieved 13 May 2010.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Geri Halliwell.
Official website
Geri Halliwell at the Internet Movie Database


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Michelle Rodriguez

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Michelle Rodriguez
Michelle Rodriguez by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg
Rodriguez at the 2013 San Diego Comic Con

Born
Mayte Michelle Rodríguez
 July 12, 1978 (age 36)
San Antonio, Texas, U.S.
Occupation
Actress, screenwriter, DJ
Years active
1999–present
Website
www.michellerodriguez.com
Mayte Michelle Rodriguez[1] (/rɑːˈdriːɡɛz/; born July 12, 1978),[2] better known as Michelle Rodriguez, is an American actress, screenwriter, and DJ.[3] She got her breakout role as a troubled boxer in the independent film Girlfight (2000), which was met with critical acclaim and earned her several awards, including the Independent Spirit Award[4] and Gotham Award for Best Debut Performance.[5] The following year, she starred as Letty Ortiz in the blockbuster film The Fast and the Furious (2001), reprising her role in its sequels Fast & Furious (2009), Fast & Furious 6 (2013), and Furious 7 (2015).
During her career, Rodriguez has played tough, independent women in a number of successful action films, such as Blue Crush, S.W.A.T., Battle: Los Angeles, and Avatar. She is also known for her roles as Shé in the action comedy films Machete and Machete Kills, and Rain Ocampo in the science fiction films Resident Evil and Resident Evil: Retribution.
Rodriguez also branched into television, playing Ana Lucia Cortez in the second season of the television series Lost as part of the main cast before making numerous guest appearances before the series ended. She has also done numerous voice work in video games such as Call of Duty and Halo, and lent her voice for the 3D animated film Turbo and the television series IGPX.[6]
With her films grossing over $5 billion collectively, a 2013 Entertainment Weekly article described Rodriguez as "arguably the most iconic actress in the action genre, as well as one of the most visible Latinas in Hollywood".[7]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Career 2.1 Film and television 2.1.1 Typecast
2.2 Screenwriting
2.3 Disc jockey
2.4 Notable rankings
3 Personal life 3.1 Relationships
3.2 Legal issues
4 Filmography 4.1 Film
4.2 Television
4.3 Video games
5 References
6 External links

Early life[edit]
Rodriguez was born in San Antonio, Texas. Her mother, Carmen Milady Rodriguez (born Pared Espinal), is a native of the Dominican Republic, and her father, Rafael Rodriguez, was a Puerto Rican who served in the U.S. Army.[8][9][10] Rodriguez moved to the Dominican Republic with her mother when she was eight years old and lived there until the age of 11. Later she moved to Puerto Rico until the age of 17 and finally settled in Jersey City, New Jersey. She dropped out of high school but later earned her GED;[11] in total, she was expelled from five schools.[12] She briefly attended business school before quitting to pursue a career in acting, with the ultimate goal of becoming a screenwriter and director.[13]
She has ten siblings and half-siblings. She was partly raised by her devoutly religious maternal grandmother, and was brought up a Jehovah's Witness (her mother's religion), although she has since abandoned the faith.[14][15] A DNA test of Rodriguez, performed by the television program Finding Your Roots, found that her ancestry is 72.4% European, 21.3% African, and 6.3% Native American.[16] She also stated on the show that there was some racial conflict between her families, since her Puerto Rican father had a light complexion and her Dominican mother had a dark complexion.
Career[edit]
Film and television[edit]



 Rodriguez at the New York Fashion Week, spring 2006
Having run across an ad for an open casting call and attending her first audition, Rodriguez beat 350 other applicants to win her first role in the low-budget 2000 independent film Girlfight. With her performance as Diana Guzman, a troubled teen who decides to channel her aggression by training to become a boxer,[17] Rodriguez accumulated several awards and nominations for the role in independent circles, including major acting accolades from the National Board of Review, Deauville Film Festival,[18] Independent Spirit Awards,[4] Gotham Awards,[5] Las Vegas Film Critics Sierra Awards, and many others. The film itself took home a top prize at the Sundance[19] and won Award of the Youth at the Cannes Film Festival. In 1999, she auditioned for a role in Sisqó's hit music video, "Thong Song". In 2002, she had a cameo appearance in Ja Rule's music video for his song "Always On Time".
Rodriguez has had notable roles in other successful movies, including Letty Ortiz in The Fast and the Furious (2001) and Rain Ocampo in Resident Evil (2002). She also appeared in Blue Crush and S.W.A.T..[20] In 2004, Rodriguez lent her voice to the video game Halo 2, playing a Marine.[21] She also provided the voice of Liz Ricarro in the Cartoon Network series IGPX.[6] From 2005 to 2006, she played tough cop Ana Lucia Cortez[22] on the television series Lost during the show's second season (the character's first appearance was a flashback during the first season's finale, "Exodus: Part 1"), and returned for a cameo in the second episode of the show's fifth season, "The Lie", in 2009. She returned again in the penultimate episode of the series, "What They Died For", in 2010. In 2006, Rodriguez was featured in her own episode of G4's show Icons.[23]
In 2008, Rodriguez appeared in Battle in Seattle.[24] In 2009, she appeared in Fast & Furious, the fourth installment of the The Fast and the Furious film series.[25][26] Later that year, Rodriguez starred in James Cameron's high-budget sci-fi adventure film Avatar, which became the highest-grossing film in history and Rodriguez's most successful film to date. She has expressed interest in returning for the film's two sequels.[27][28] In 2009, Rodriguez also starred in Trópico de Sangre, an independent film based on the Dominican Republic's historic Mirabal sisters.[29][30]



 From left to right, Rodriguez, Jonathan Liebesman and Aaron Eckhart at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International
In 2010, Rodriguez appeared in Robert Rodriguez's Machete. The film received mostly positive reviews and earned $44 million at the box office.[31] In 2011, she appeared with Aaron Eckhart in the science fiction film Battle: Los Angeles which grossed over $200 million in the worldwide box office. In 2012, she returned to play the good clone and bad clone of Rain Ocampo in Resident Evil: Retribution. In 2013, she reprised her role as Letty Ortiz in Fast & Furious 6. In the same year, Rodriguez appeared in Robert Rodriguez's film Machete Kills.
Typecast[edit]
After her film debut, Girlfight, Rodriguez has consistently portrayed tough and tomboyish characters who operate in traditional male fields such as the police force or armed forces. Rodriguez says that she does not mind the typecasting, and in fact, is somewhat responsible for it:[32]
"Oh man, I was typecast the minute I did a film called Girlfight years ago. You allow yourself to be typecast. If I decided I didn't want to be typecast tomorrow, I'd just do an indie film where I play some poor girl who goes through some excruciating experience and win myself an award for crying or being raped. But at the end of the day, I'm not in it for the acting. I only wanna be someone I respect or someone that I consider interesting or fun. I'm here to entertain people and make a statement about female empowerment and strength, and that's what I've done for the last 10 years. I pigeonholed myself and I put myself in that box by saying no to everything else that came on my plate. Saying no to this, no to that, and eventually I just got left with the strong chick that's always being killed, and there's nothing wrong with that."
Screenwriting[edit]
During the promotional tour of Fast & Furious 6 Rodriguez has stated that she originally joined the Hollywood business to become a screenwriter. She has also stated that she has two screenplays under development and plans to take a break from acting to pursue her writing. One is a family film based on a concept which she describes as "a 2012 story about purity and animals and children",[33] and the other is a revision of an American remake of the 1997 German film Bandits which she describes as a film "about four girls who break out of jail and get chased across the country by the feds and by this MTV-like representative".[34]
Disc jockey[edit]
Rodriguez has been performing as a disc jockey since 2009 – both internationally in nightclubs and at film première after-parties.[35] Rodriguez has stated that her preferred genre to mix is house music and has gone on the record to say, that "for the most part I like playing for mature crowds so that I can go all the way back to the 1930s then through the 1960s, 1970 and 1980s – then kick it into house, hip-hop and R&B. I like to mix it up, it's pretty eclectic."
Notable rankings[edit]
Several times over the course of her career, she has been ranked in Stuff magazine's "102 Sexiest Women In The World", Maxim‍‍ '​‍s "100 Sexiest Women", and People en Español‍‍ '​‍s "50 Más Bellos", and was ranked No. 74 in FHM's "100 Sexiest Women in the World 2009".[citation needed]
Personal life[edit]
Relationships[edit]



 Rodriguez in 2009
In early 2000, Rodriguez broke off an engagement to a Muslim boyfriend, citing opposition to religious requests he made of her.[36] She has since reportedly dated her Fast and the Furious co-star Vin Diesel[37] and S.W.A.T. co-star Olivier Martinez.[38][39]
In July 2006, Rodriguez told Cosmopolitan magazine that she is not a lesbian, but had "experimented with both sexes".[40] In November 2006, her openly bisexual Bloodrayne co-star Kristanna Loken made comments to The Advocate that were widely interpreted by the media as an admission that the two were in a relationship, though the relationship was never officially confirmed by either actress.[41] In June 2007, the lesbian magazine Curve ran a cover story that claimed Rodriguez to be bisexual.[42] Rodriguez criticized the magazine for this, asserting that the magazine had "put words in her mouth".[43] She again stated that she was not a lesbian in a November 2008 interview in the Dominican Republic women's magazine Cayena.[44]
In October 2013, Entertainment Weekly quoted her saying: "I've gone both ways. I do as I please. I am too curious to sit here and not try when I can. Men are intriguing. So are chicks."[7] She subsequently explained her coming out to Latina magazine: "I'm getting older. Eventually it's going to wrinkle up and I'm not going to be able to use it. I wanted to be honest about who I am and see what happens."[45] In May 2014, she said in an interview that she hoped her actions would help others in a similar situation: "Maybe by me opening my big fat mouth like I usually do and stepping up and owning who I am, maybe it might inspire somebody else to do the same."[46] She described herself as bisexual in another interview later that month: "Bi, yeah, I fall under the B category of LGBT". Regarding the lack of unconventional female roles available in films, she said: "What's wrong with being bi? I mean, we're getting flak everywhere we go."[47]
Legal issues[edit]
In March 2002, Rodriguez was arrested for assault after getting into a fight with her roommate.[48] The charges were later dropped after the roommate declined to press the allegations in court.[49] In November 2003, Rodriguez went to court to face eight misdemeanor charges based on two driving incidents including a hit and run and DUI.[50] In June 2004, Rodriguez pleaded no contest in Los Angeles to three of the charges: hit and run, drunken driving, and driving with a suspended license.[51] She went to jail for 48 hours, performed community service at the morgues of two New York hospitals, completed a three-month alcohol program, and was placed on probation for three years.[52]
In 2005, while filming Lost in Hawaii, Rodriguez was pulled over by Honolulu police multiple times; she was cited for driving at 83 mph (134 km/h) in a 55 mph (89 km/h) zone on Oahu on November 1, and was fined $357. She paid a $300 fine for driving 90 mph (140 km/h) in a 35 mph (56 km/h) zone on October 20, and was fined $197 for going 80 mph (130 km/h) in a 50 mph (80 km/h) zone on August 24.[53]
On December 1, 2005, Rodriguez was pulled over and arrested for driving under the influence.[54] Rodriguez pleaded not guilty when arraigned,[55] but on the day of her trial in April 2006, she pleaded guilty to one charge of driving under the influence. She chose to pay a $500 fine and spend five days in jail instead of doing 240 hours of community service.[51] She cited her high doses of allergy-relieving steroids as part of the reason for her erratic behavior.[56] Because the Kailua incident was a violation of her Los Angeles probation, she was sentenced to 60 days in jail, a 30-day alcohol rehabilitation program and another 30 days of community service, including work for Mothers Against Drunk Driving, by a Los Angeles judge on May 1, 2006.[57] Because of overcrowding, she was released from jail on the same day she entered. She wrote about the experience on her blog.[58]
In September 2007, Rodriguez allegedly violated her probation by not completing her community service and not following an alcohol education program. It was reported that she originally submitted a document stating she performed community service on September 5, 2006, but it was later confirmed she was actually in New York City that day. Her lawyer claimed it was a clerical error.[59] On October 10, 2007, following a hearing, she was sentenced to 180 days jail time after agreeing to admit to violating her probation. She was expected to spend the full 180-day term in jail, as she had been deemed ineligible for work furloughs and house arrest.[60] However, after turning herself in to begin the jail term at the Century Regional Detention Facility located in Lynwood, California, on December 23, 2007,[61] she was released eighteen days later on January 9, 2008, due to overcrowding.[62]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes

2000 Girlfight Diana Guzman Deauville Film Festival Prize for Best Female Performance
Independent Spirit Award for Best Debut Performance
National Board of Review Award for Best Breakthrough Performance by an Actress
Gotham Award for Breakthrough Performance
Las Vegas Film Critics Society Award for Best Female Newcomer
 Nominated – Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Most Promising Newcomer
 Nominated – Las Vegas Film Critics Society Award for Best Actress
 Nominated – Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Cinematic Debut/Breakthrough
 Nominated – Black Reel Award: Best Actress
 Nominated – ALMA Award for Outstanding Latino Cast in a Feature Film
2001 The Fast and the Furious Leticia "Letty" Ortiz Nominated – ALMA Award for Best Actress in Film
2001 3 A.M. Salgado Nominated – ALMA Award for Outstanding Actor/Actress in a Made for Television Movie or Miniseries
2002 Resident Evil Rain Ocampo 
2002 Blue Crush Eden Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team (with Kate Bosworth and Sanoe Lake)
2003 S.W.A.T. Officer Chris Sanchez Imagen Foundation Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Film
2004 Control Teresa 
2005 BloodRayne Katarin Nominated – Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress
2006 The Breed Nicki 
2007 Battle in Seattle Lou 
2008 Gardens of the Night Lucy 
2009 Fast & Furious Leticia "Letty" Ortiz Nominated – ALMA Award for Actress in a Film
2009 Avatar Captain Trudy Chacon 
2010 Machete Luz/Shé 
2010 Trópico de Sangre Minerva Mirabal 
2011 Battle: Los Angeles Technical Sergeant Elana Santos Nominated – ALMA Award for Favorite Movie Actress-Drama/Adventure
2011 Fast Five Leticia "Letty" Ortiz Cameo/Photograph only
2012 Resident Evil: Retribution Rain Ocampo[63] 
2013 InAPPropriate Comedy Harriet 
2013 Fast & Furious 6 Leticia "Letty" Ortiz Premios Tu Mundo – Fandango Cine's Latino Performance of the Year
 Nominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress: Action
2013 Machete Kills Luz/Shé 
2013 Turbo Paz Voice
2015 Furious 7 Leticia "Letty" Ortiz
2016 Resident Evil: The Final Chapter Rain Ocampo In-development

Television[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes

2005 Punk'd Herself 1 episode
2005 Immortal Grand Prix Liz Ricarro 26 episodes
2005–2010 Lost Ana Lucia Cortez 24 episodes
ALMA Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Television Series
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
 Nominated – Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television
2011 CollegeHumor Original Jessica Episode: "Sorority Pillow Fight"
2012 Germany's Next Top Model Herself Episode: "A dream comes true: Hollywood is waiting"

Video games[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes

2003 True Crime: Streets of LA Rosie Velasco 
2003 Driv3r Calita 
2004 Halo 2 Marine 
2009 James Cameron's Avatar: The Game Captain Trudy Chacon 
2012 Call of Duty: Black Ops II Strike Force Soldier 
2015 Battlefield Hardline Female S.W.A.T. Multiplayer Only

References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Official Site Biography". Michelle-Rodriguez.com. Retrieved February 7, 2007.
2.Jump up ^ Marx, Rebecca Flint (2008). "Michelle Rodriguez: Biography". Rovi via MSN. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2008.
3.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez lands in UAE as guest DJ at two clubs". The National. Abu Dhabi. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
4.^ Jump up to: a b ""Girlfight" a Winner". FilmFestivals.com. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
5.^ Jump up to: a b IFP Gotham Independent Film Awards. "Gothan Awards Recipients" (PDF). Retrieved December 23, 2010.
6.^ Jump up to: a b "The Ghost Cast & Crew List". The Big Cartoon Database. Retrieved December 23, 2010.[dead link]
7.^ Jump up to: a b Vilkomerson, Sara (October 1, 2013). "Michelle Rodriguez talks movies, female empowerment, and sex: 'I don't talk about what I do with my vagina'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
8.Jump up ^ Angie Romero (April 15, 2009). "Michelle Rodriguez: "I Feel Like I'm Being Born Again"". Latina. Retrieved November 13, 2010.
9.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Biography (1978–)". Film Reference. Retrieved December 25, 2007.
10.Jump up ^ Stated on Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates, Jr., May 20, 2012, PBS
11.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez- Biography". Yahoo! Movies. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
12.Jump up ^ Raphael, Amy (April 11, 2009). "Amy Raphael interviews Michelle Rodriguez". The Guardian (UK). Retrieved November 13, 2010.
13.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Official Biography". Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
14.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez: in role after role, she has kicked the stereotype of the token female in the teeth, leaving an imprint all her own.". September 2003. Retrieved December 25, 2007.[dead link]
15.Jump up ^ "The Religious Affiliation of Actress Michelle Rodriguez". World Religions. August 11, 2005. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved December 25, 2007.
16.Jump up ^ "Adrian Grenier, Michelle Rodriguez, and Linda Chavez (@ the 47:30 mark)". PBS. March 22, 2012.
17.Jump up ^ "A Conversation About "Girlfight"; October 27, 2000". Charlierose.com. October 27, 2000. Retrieved March 8, 2010.
18.Jump up ^ ""Girlfight" a Winner". FilmFestivals.com. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
19.Jump up ^ "'Girlfight,' 'Count on Me' Tie at Sundance". Los Angeles Times. January 30, 2000. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
20.Jump up ^ "S.W.A.T.". TV Guide. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
21.Jump up ^ "Interview: Michelle Rodriguez in Halo 2". Gamestar. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
22.Jump up ^ Itzkoff, Dave (November 15, 2005). "She loves acting tough on 'Lost'". Daily News. Retrieved December 23, 2010.[dead link]
23.Jump up ^ "ICONS: Michelle Rodriguez Episode #6004". G4 Media. June 24, 2006. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
24.Jump up ^ "Battle in Seattle". The Miami Herald. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
25.Jump up ^ Itzkoff, Dave (March 26, 2009). "What a Stunt! Can They Do It Again?". The New York Times. Retrieved December 23, 2010.[dead link]
26.Jump up ^ ""Universal Shuffles 2009 Schedule"; December 10, 2008". Sfluxe.com. December 10, 2008. Retrieved March 8, 2010.
27.Jump up ^ Alasdair Wilkins (December 28, 2010). "Michelle Rodriguez wants to return for Avatar 2". io9.com.
28.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Talks Avatar 2". E!.
29.Jump up ^ "Tropico de Sangre". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
30.Jump up ^ "La historia de las hermanas Mirabal". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Retrieved December 23, 2010.
31.Jump up ^ "Get Your Grindhouse Fix With a New Poster from Robert Rodriguez's Machete". BloodyDisgusting.[dead link]
32.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriquez Responds". Hollywoodnews.com. July 26, 2010.
33.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Writing Kids Film". Internet Movie Database. September 18, 2008.
34.Jump up ^ "GameCulture Exclusive: 'Avatar' Vet Michelle Rodriguez Talks Modern Warfare and Dodging Earthquakes". Gameculture.com. December 14, 2009. Archived from the original on December 17, 2009.
35.Jump up ^ Betiku, Fehintola (May 24, 2012). "Too cool for Cannes... Michelle Rodriguez shows off her DJ skills at the Sea Shepherd party in Cannes". Daily Mail (London). Retrieved August 12, 2013.
36.Jump up ^ "Rodriguez Turned Down Muslim Marriage". Cinema.com. June 6, 2008. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012.
37.Jump up ^ Wloszczyna, Susan (August 6, 2002). "Vin Diesel, in high gear". USA Today. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
38.Jump up ^ "Minogue's Martinez linked to Rodriguez". Contact Music. May 2, 2008. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved March 3, 2005.
39.Jump up ^ Kent, Paul (May 2, 2008). "Kylie and Oli on rocks again". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved January 29, 2005.[dead link]
40.Jump up ^ "LOST girl" (REPRINT). Cosmopolitan. April 16, 2006. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
41.Jump up ^ Kort, Michele (November 15, 2006). "Michelle & Kristanna in love!". The Advocate (PlanetOut Inc.). Retrieved February 4, 2007.[dead link]
42.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez 'Curve' cover controversial". Monstersandcritics.com. Retrieved May 2, 2008.
43.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Blogs About Curve Article". michelle-rodriguez.com. May 2007. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2009.
44.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodríguez: 'RD no debería tener esa mentalidad tan gubernamental'". Cayena. Retrieved November 22, 2008.[dead link]
45.Jump up ^ Rodriguez, Priscilla (19 November 2013). "Exclusive: Michelle Rodriguez talks 'Turbo' & coming out: I wanted to be honest". Latina. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
46.Jump up ^ Hernandez, Greg (May 12, 2014). "Michelle Rodriguez chats with GSN at her first LGBTI event since coming out as bisexual". Gay Star News. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
47.Jump up ^ Ocamb, Karen (May 20, 2014). "Michelle Rodriguez Asks 'What's Wrong with Being Bi?'". frontiersla.com. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
48.Jump up ^ Grossberg, Josh (March 20, 2002). ""Girlfight" Star Busted for Girl Fight". E!. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
49.Jump up ^ Grossberg, Josh (April 8, 2002). ""Girlfight" Star Off the Hook". E!. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
50.Jump up ^ Haberman, Lia (November 20, 2003). "Rodriguez: Way 2 Fast 2 Furious". E!. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
51.^ Jump up to: a b ""Lost" actress chooses jail over service". CBS News. Associated Press. April 26, 2006. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved July 21, 2006.
52.Jump up ^ Hall, Sarah (December 14, 2005). "Rodriguez: Fast and Furious Driver". E!. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
53.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez settles two traffic cases". MSNBC. Associated Press. December 14, 2005. Retrieved July 21, 2006.
54.Jump up ^ "Two 'Lost' stars charged with drunken driving". MSNBC. Associated Press. December 2, 2005. Retrieved July 21, 2006.
55.Jump up ^ Errico, Marcus (December 29, 2005). ""Lost" Stars Arraigned for DUIs". E!. Retrieved July 21, 2006.
56.Jump up ^ Finn, Natalie (May 22, 2006). "More Jail Time for Michelle Rodriguez". E!. Retrieved July 29, 2006.[dead link]
57.Jump up ^ Lee, Ken and Silverman, Stephen M. (May 22, 2006). "Michelle Rodriguez Gets 60 Days in Jail". People. Archived from the original on February 12, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
58.Jump up ^ ""Michelle Rodriguez Blogs About Arrest and Conviction"; February 16, 2007". Michelle-rodriguez.com. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2010.
59.Jump up ^ Lee, Ken (October 27, 2007). "Michelle Rodriguez Sentenced to Six Months in Jail wow". People. Retrieved February 10, 2008.
60.Jump up ^ Finn, Natalie (October 10, 2007). "Slammer Time for Michelle Rodriguez". E!.
61.Jump up ^ "Former 'Lost' star Michelle Rodriguez reports for 6-month jail term in California". MSNBC. Associated Press. December 24, 2007. Retrieved December 25, 2007.[dead link]
62.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez out of jail after 18 days". MSNBC. January 10, 2008. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
63.Jump up ^ Miska, Brad (September 22, 2011). "Michelle Rodriguez Returning for Some 'Retribution'!". Bloody Disgusting. The Collective. Archived from the original on September 23, 2011. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Michelle Rodriguez.
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Michelle Rodriguez
Official website
Michelle Rodriguez at the Internet Movie Database


[hide]
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Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series (2000–2009)


The West Wing, season 1/season 2 (2000): Hill; Janney; Kelly; Lowe; Moloney; Schiff; Sheen; Spencer; Whitford
 The West Wing, season 2/season 3 (2001): Hill; Janney; Lowe; Moloney; Schiff; Sheen; Spencer; Whitford
 Six Feet Under, season 2 (2002): Ambrose; Conroy; Griffiths; Hall; Krause; Rodríguez; St. Patrick
 Six Feet Under, season 3 (2003): Ambrose; Conroy; Foster; Griffiths; Hall; Krause; Macdissi; Machado; Rodríguez; St. Patrick; Taylor; Wilson
 CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, season 4/season 5 (2004): Dourdan; Eads; Fox; Guilfoyle; Hall; Helgenberger; Petersen; Szmanda
 Lost, season 1/season 2 (2005): Akinnuoye-Agbaje; Andrews; de Ravin; Fox; Garcia; Grace; Holloway; Kelley; D. D. Kim; Y. Kim; Lilly; Monaghan; O'Quinn; Perrineau; Rodriguez; Somerhalder; Watros
 Grey's Anatomy, season 2/season 3 (2006): Chambers; Dane; Dempsey; Heigl; Knight; Oh; Pickens; Pompeo; Ramirez; Walsh; Washington; Wilson
 The Sopranos, season 6 (2007): Antonacci; Bracco; Falco; Gandolfini; Grimaldi; Iler; Imperioli; Nascarella; Schirripa; Servitto; Sigler; Sirico; Turturro; Van Zandt; Vincent
 Mad Men, season 2 (2008): Batt; Brie; Gladis; Hamm; Hart; Hendricks; Jones; Kartheiser; Moses; Moss; Shipka; Slattery; Sommer; Staton
 Mad Men, season 3 (2009): Alemanni; Batt; Gilmore; Gladis; Hamm; Harris; Hendricks; Jones; Kartheiser; Morse; Moss; Shipka; Slattery; Sommer; Stanley; Staton
 

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 (2010–present)
 



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 VIAF: 10060342 ·
 LCCN: no2001052247 ·
 ISNI: 0000 0000 7139 3797 ·
 GND: 14210583X ·
 SUDOC: 133636100 ·
 BNF: cb14221622p (data)
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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Michelle Rodriguez

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Michelle Rodriguez
Michelle Rodriguez by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg
Rodriguez at the 2013 San Diego Comic Con

Born
Mayte Michelle Rodríguez
 July 12, 1978 (age 36)
San Antonio, Texas, U.S.
Occupation
Actress, screenwriter, DJ
Years active
1999–present
Website
www.michellerodriguez.com
Mayte Michelle Rodriguez[1] (/rɑːˈdriːɡɛz/; born July 12, 1978),[2] better known as Michelle Rodriguez, is an American actress, screenwriter, and DJ.[3] She got her breakout role as a troubled boxer in the independent film Girlfight (2000), which was met with critical acclaim and earned her several awards, including the Independent Spirit Award[4] and Gotham Award for Best Debut Performance.[5] The following year, she starred as Letty Ortiz in the blockbuster film The Fast and the Furious (2001), reprising her role in its sequels Fast & Furious (2009), Fast & Furious 6 (2013), and Furious 7 (2015).
During her career, Rodriguez has played tough, independent women in a number of successful action films, such as Blue Crush, S.W.A.T., Battle: Los Angeles, and Avatar. She is also known for her roles as Shé in the action comedy films Machete and Machete Kills, and Rain Ocampo in the science fiction films Resident Evil and Resident Evil: Retribution.
Rodriguez also branched into television, playing Ana Lucia Cortez in the second season of the television series Lost as part of the main cast before making numerous guest appearances before the series ended. She has also done numerous voice work in video games such as Call of Duty and Halo, and lent her voice for the 3D animated film Turbo and the television series IGPX.[6]
With her films grossing over $5 billion collectively, a 2013 Entertainment Weekly article described Rodriguez as "arguably the most iconic actress in the action genre, as well as one of the most visible Latinas in Hollywood".[7]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Career 2.1 Film and television 2.1.1 Typecast
2.2 Screenwriting
2.3 Disc jockey
2.4 Notable rankings
3 Personal life 3.1 Relationships
3.2 Legal issues
4 Filmography 4.1 Film
4.2 Television
4.3 Video games
5 References
6 External links

Early life[edit]
Rodriguez was born in San Antonio, Texas. Her mother, Carmen Milady Rodriguez (born Pared Espinal), is a native of the Dominican Republic, and her father, Rafael Rodriguez, was a Puerto Rican who served in the U.S. Army.[8][9][10] Rodriguez moved to the Dominican Republic with her mother when she was eight years old and lived there until the age of 11. Later she moved to Puerto Rico until the age of 17 and finally settled in Jersey City, New Jersey. She dropped out of high school but later earned her GED;[11] in total, she was expelled from five schools.[12] She briefly attended business school before quitting to pursue a career in acting, with the ultimate goal of becoming a screenwriter and director.[13]
She has ten siblings and half-siblings. She was partly raised by her devoutly religious maternal grandmother, and was brought up a Jehovah's Witness (her mother's religion), although she has since abandoned the faith.[14][15] A DNA test of Rodriguez, performed by the television program Finding Your Roots, found that her ancestry is 72.4% European, 21.3% African, and 6.3% Native American.[16] She also stated on the show that there was some racial conflict between her families, since her Puerto Rican father had a light complexion and her Dominican mother had a dark complexion.
Career[edit]
Film and television[edit]



 Rodriguez at the New York Fashion Week, spring 2006
Having run across an ad for an open casting call and attending her first audition, Rodriguez beat 350 other applicants to win her first role in the low-budget 2000 independent film Girlfight. With her performance as Diana Guzman, a troubled teen who decides to channel her aggression by training to become a boxer,[17] Rodriguez accumulated several awards and nominations for the role in independent circles, including major acting accolades from the National Board of Review, Deauville Film Festival,[18] Independent Spirit Awards,[4] Gotham Awards,[5] Las Vegas Film Critics Sierra Awards, and many others. The film itself took home a top prize at the Sundance[19] and won Award of the Youth at the Cannes Film Festival. In 1999, she auditioned for a role in Sisqó's hit music video, "Thong Song". In 2002, she had a cameo appearance in Ja Rule's music video for his song "Always On Time".
Rodriguez has had notable roles in other successful movies, including Letty Ortiz in The Fast and the Furious (2001) and Rain Ocampo in Resident Evil (2002). She also appeared in Blue Crush and S.W.A.T..[20] In 2004, Rodriguez lent her voice to the video game Halo 2, playing a Marine.[21] She also provided the voice of Liz Ricarro in the Cartoon Network series IGPX.[6] From 2005 to 2006, she played tough cop Ana Lucia Cortez[22] on the television series Lost during the show's second season (the character's first appearance was a flashback during the first season's finale, "Exodus: Part 1"), and returned for a cameo in the second episode of the show's fifth season, "The Lie", in 2009. She returned again in the penultimate episode of the series, "What They Died For", in 2010. In 2006, Rodriguez was featured in her own episode of G4's show Icons.[23]
In 2008, Rodriguez appeared in Battle in Seattle.[24] In 2009, she appeared in Fast & Furious, the fourth installment of the The Fast and the Furious film series.[25][26] Later that year, Rodriguez starred in James Cameron's high-budget sci-fi adventure film Avatar, which became the highest-grossing film in history and Rodriguez's most successful film to date. She has expressed interest in returning for the film's two sequels.[27][28] In 2009, Rodriguez also starred in Trópico de Sangre, an independent film based on the Dominican Republic's historic Mirabal sisters.[29][30]



 From left to right, Rodriguez, Jonathan Liebesman and Aaron Eckhart at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International
In 2010, Rodriguez appeared in Robert Rodriguez's Machete. The film received mostly positive reviews and earned $44 million at the box office.[31] In 2011, she appeared with Aaron Eckhart in the science fiction film Battle: Los Angeles which grossed over $200 million in the worldwide box office. In 2012, she returned to play the good clone and bad clone of Rain Ocampo in Resident Evil: Retribution. In 2013, she reprised her role as Letty Ortiz in Fast & Furious 6. In the same year, Rodriguez appeared in Robert Rodriguez's film Machete Kills.
Typecast[edit]
After her film debut, Girlfight, Rodriguez has consistently portrayed tough and tomboyish characters who operate in traditional male fields such as the police force or armed forces. Rodriguez says that she does not mind the typecasting, and in fact, is somewhat responsible for it:[32]
"Oh man, I was typecast the minute I did a film called Girlfight years ago. You allow yourself to be typecast. If I decided I didn't want to be typecast tomorrow, I'd just do an indie film where I play some poor girl who goes through some excruciating experience and win myself an award for crying or being raped. But at the end of the day, I'm not in it for the acting. I only wanna be someone I respect or someone that I consider interesting or fun. I'm here to entertain people and make a statement about female empowerment and strength, and that's what I've done for the last 10 years. I pigeonholed myself and I put myself in that box by saying no to everything else that came on my plate. Saying no to this, no to that, and eventually I just got left with the strong chick that's always being killed, and there's nothing wrong with that."
Screenwriting[edit]
During the promotional tour of Fast & Furious 6 Rodriguez has stated that she originally joined the Hollywood business to become a screenwriter. She has also stated that she has two screenplays under development and plans to take a break from acting to pursue her writing. One is a family film based on a concept which she describes as "a 2012 story about purity and animals and children",[33] and the other is a revision of an American remake of the 1997 German film Bandits which she describes as a film "about four girls who break out of jail and get chased across the country by the feds and by this MTV-like representative".[34]
Disc jockey[edit]
Rodriguez has been performing as a disc jockey since 2009 – both internationally in nightclubs and at film première after-parties.[35] Rodriguez has stated that her preferred genre to mix is house music and has gone on the record to say, that "for the most part I like playing for mature crowds so that I can go all the way back to the 1930s then through the 1960s, 1970 and 1980s – then kick it into house, hip-hop and R&B. I like to mix it up, it's pretty eclectic."
Notable rankings[edit]
Several times over the course of her career, she has been ranked in Stuff magazine's "102 Sexiest Women In The World", Maxim‍‍ '​‍s "100 Sexiest Women", and People en Español‍‍ '​‍s "50 Más Bellos", and was ranked No. 74 in FHM's "100 Sexiest Women in the World 2009".[citation needed]
Personal life[edit]
Relationships[edit]



 Rodriguez in 2009
In early 2000, Rodriguez broke off an engagement to a Muslim boyfriend, citing opposition to religious requests he made of her.[36] She has since reportedly dated her Fast and the Furious co-star Vin Diesel[37] and S.W.A.T. co-star Olivier Martinez.[38][39]
In July 2006, Rodriguez told Cosmopolitan magazine that she is not a lesbian, but had "experimented with both sexes".[40] In November 2006, her openly bisexual Bloodrayne co-star Kristanna Loken made comments to The Advocate that were widely interpreted by the media as an admission that the two were in a relationship, though the relationship was never officially confirmed by either actress.[41] In June 2007, the lesbian magazine Curve ran a cover story that claimed Rodriguez to be bisexual.[42] Rodriguez criticized the magazine for this, asserting that the magazine had "put words in her mouth".[43] She again stated that she was not a lesbian in a November 2008 interview in the Dominican Republic women's magazine Cayena.[44]
In October 2013, Entertainment Weekly quoted her saying: "I've gone both ways. I do as I please. I am too curious to sit here and not try when I can. Men are intriguing. So are chicks."[7] She subsequently explained her coming out to Latina magazine: "I'm getting older. Eventually it's going to wrinkle up and I'm not going to be able to use it. I wanted to be honest about who I am and see what happens."[45] In May 2014, she said in an interview that she hoped her actions would help others in a similar situation: "Maybe by me opening my big fat mouth like I usually do and stepping up and owning who I am, maybe it might inspire somebody else to do the same."[46] She described herself as bisexual in another interview later that month: "Bi, yeah, I fall under the B category of LGBT". Regarding the lack of unconventional female roles available in films, she said: "What's wrong with being bi? I mean, we're getting flak everywhere we go."[47]
Legal issues[edit]
In March 2002, Rodriguez was arrested for assault after getting into a fight with her roommate.[48] The charges were later dropped after the roommate declined to press the allegations in court.[49] In November 2003, Rodriguez went to court to face eight misdemeanor charges based on two driving incidents including a hit and run and DUI.[50] In June 2004, Rodriguez pleaded no contest in Los Angeles to three of the charges: hit and run, drunken driving, and driving with a suspended license.[51] She went to jail for 48 hours, performed community service at the morgues of two New York hospitals, completed a three-month alcohol program, and was placed on probation for three years.[52]
In 2005, while filming Lost in Hawaii, Rodriguez was pulled over by Honolulu police multiple times; she was cited for driving at 83 mph (134 km/h) in a 55 mph (89 km/h) zone on Oahu on November 1, and was fined $357. She paid a $300 fine for driving 90 mph (140 km/h) in a 35 mph (56 km/h) zone on October 20, and was fined $197 for going 80 mph (130 km/h) in a 50 mph (80 km/h) zone on August 24.[53]
On December 1, 2005, Rodriguez was pulled over and arrested for driving under the influence.[54] Rodriguez pleaded not guilty when arraigned,[55] but on the day of her trial in April 2006, she pleaded guilty to one charge of driving under the influence. She chose to pay a $500 fine and spend five days in jail instead of doing 240 hours of community service.[51] She cited her high doses of allergy-relieving steroids as part of the reason for her erratic behavior.[56] Because the Kailua incident was a violation of her Los Angeles probation, she was sentenced to 60 days in jail, a 30-day alcohol rehabilitation program and another 30 days of community service, including work for Mothers Against Drunk Driving, by a Los Angeles judge on May 1, 2006.[57] Because of overcrowding, she was released from jail on the same day she entered. She wrote about the experience on her blog.[58]
In September 2007, Rodriguez allegedly violated her probation by not completing her community service and not following an alcohol education program. It was reported that she originally submitted a document stating she performed community service on September 5, 2006, but it was later confirmed she was actually in New York City that day. Her lawyer claimed it was a clerical error.[59] On October 10, 2007, following a hearing, she was sentenced to 180 days jail time after agreeing to admit to violating her probation. She was expected to spend the full 180-day term in jail, as she had been deemed ineligible for work furloughs and house arrest.[60] However, after turning herself in to begin the jail term at the Century Regional Detention Facility located in Lynwood, California, on December 23, 2007,[61] she was released eighteen days later on January 9, 2008, due to overcrowding.[62]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes

2000 Girlfight Diana Guzman Deauville Film Festival Prize for Best Female Performance
Independent Spirit Award for Best Debut Performance
National Board of Review Award for Best Breakthrough Performance by an Actress
Gotham Award for Breakthrough Performance
Las Vegas Film Critics Society Award for Best Female Newcomer
 Nominated – Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Most Promising Newcomer
 Nominated – Las Vegas Film Critics Society Award for Best Actress
 Nominated – Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Cinematic Debut/Breakthrough
 Nominated – Black Reel Award: Best Actress
 Nominated – ALMA Award for Outstanding Latino Cast in a Feature Film
2001 The Fast and the Furious Leticia "Letty" Ortiz Nominated – ALMA Award for Best Actress in Film
2001 3 A.M. Salgado Nominated – ALMA Award for Outstanding Actor/Actress in a Made for Television Movie or Miniseries
2002 Resident Evil Rain Ocampo 
2002 Blue Crush Eden Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team (with Kate Bosworth and Sanoe Lake)
2003 S.W.A.T. Officer Chris Sanchez Imagen Foundation Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Film
2004 Control Teresa 
2005 BloodRayne Katarin Nominated – Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress
2006 The Breed Nicki 
2007 Battle in Seattle Lou 
2008 Gardens of the Night Lucy 
2009 Fast & Furious Leticia "Letty" Ortiz Nominated – ALMA Award for Actress in a Film
2009 Avatar Captain Trudy Chacon 
2010 Machete Luz/Shé 
2010 Trópico de Sangre Minerva Mirabal 
2011 Battle: Los Angeles Technical Sergeant Elana Santos Nominated – ALMA Award for Favorite Movie Actress-Drama/Adventure
2011 Fast Five Leticia "Letty" Ortiz Cameo/Photograph only
2012 Resident Evil: Retribution Rain Ocampo[63] 
2013 InAPPropriate Comedy Harriet 
2013 Fast & Furious 6 Leticia "Letty" Ortiz Premios Tu Mundo – Fandango Cine's Latino Performance of the Year
 Nominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress: Action
2013 Machete Kills Luz/Shé 
2013 Turbo Paz Voice
2015 Furious 7 Leticia "Letty" Ortiz
2016 Resident Evil: The Final Chapter Rain Ocampo In-development

Television[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes

2005 Punk'd Herself 1 episode
2005 Immortal Grand Prix Liz Ricarro 26 episodes
2005–2010 Lost Ana Lucia Cortez 24 episodes
ALMA Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Television Series
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
 Nominated – Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television
2011 CollegeHumor Original Jessica Episode: "Sorority Pillow Fight"
2012 Germany's Next Top Model Herself Episode: "A dream comes true: Hollywood is waiting"

Video games[edit]

Year
Title
Role
Notes

2003 True Crime: Streets of LA Rosie Velasco 
2003 Driv3r Calita 
2004 Halo 2 Marine 
2009 James Cameron's Avatar: The Game Captain Trudy Chacon 
2012 Call of Duty: Black Ops II Strike Force Soldier 
2015 Battlefield Hardline Female S.W.A.T. Multiplayer Only

References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Official Site Biography". Michelle-Rodriguez.com. Retrieved February 7, 2007.
2.Jump up ^ Marx, Rebecca Flint (2008). "Michelle Rodriguez: Biography". Rovi via MSN. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2008.
3.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez lands in UAE as guest DJ at two clubs". The National. Abu Dhabi. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
4.^ Jump up to: a b ""Girlfight" a Winner". FilmFestivals.com. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
5.^ Jump up to: a b IFP Gotham Independent Film Awards. "Gothan Awards Recipients" (PDF). Retrieved December 23, 2010.
6.^ Jump up to: a b "The Ghost Cast & Crew List". The Big Cartoon Database. Retrieved December 23, 2010.[dead link]
7.^ Jump up to: a b Vilkomerson, Sara (October 1, 2013). "Michelle Rodriguez talks movies, female empowerment, and sex: 'I don't talk about what I do with my vagina'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
8.Jump up ^ Angie Romero (April 15, 2009). "Michelle Rodriguez: "I Feel Like I'm Being Born Again"". Latina. Retrieved November 13, 2010.
9.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Biography (1978–)". Film Reference. Retrieved December 25, 2007.
10.Jump up ^ Stated on Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates, Jr., May 20, 2012, PBS
11.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez- Biography". Yahoo! Movies. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
12.Jump up ^ Raphael, Amy (April 11, 2009). "Amy Raphael interviews Michelle Rodriguez". The Guardian (UK). Retrieved November 13, 2010.
13.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Official Biography". Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
14.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez: in role after role, she has kicked the stereotype of the token female in the teeth, leaving an imprint all her own.". September 2003. Retrieved December 25, 2007.[dead link]
15.Jump up ^ "The Religious Affiliation of Actress Michelle Rodriguez". World Religions. August 11, 2005. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved December 25, 2007.
16.Jump up ^ "Adrian Grenier, Michelle Rodriguez, and Linda Chavez (@ the 47:30 mark)". PBS. March 22, 2012.
17.Jump up ^ "A Conversation About "Girlfight"; October 27, 2000". Charlierose.com. October 27, 2000. Retrieved March 8, 2010.
18.Jump up ^ ""Girlfight" a Winner". FilmFestivals.com. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
19.Jump up ^ "'Girlfight,' 'Count on Me' Tie at Sundance". Los Angeles Times. January 30, 2000. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
20.Jump up ^ "S.W.A.T.". TV Guide. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
21.Jump up ^ "Interview: Michelle Rodriguez in Halo 2". Gamestar. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
22.Jump up ^ Itzkoff, Dave (November 15, 2005). "She loves acting tough on 'Lost'". Daily News. Retrieved December 23, 2010.[dead link]
23.Jump up ^ "ICONS: Michelle Rodriguez Episode #6004". G4 Media. June 24, 2006. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
24.Jump up ^ "Battle in Seattle". The Miami Herald. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
25.Jump up ^ Itzkoff, Dave (March 26, 2009). "What a Stunt! Can They Do It Again?". The New York Times. Retrieved December 23, 2010.[dead link]
26.Jump up ^ ""Universal Shuffles 2009 Schedule"; December 10, 2008". Sfluxe.com. December 10, 2008. Retrieved March 8, 2010.
27.Jump up ^ Alasdair Wilkins (December 28, 2010). "Michelle Rodriguez wants to return for Avatar 2". io9.com.
28.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Talks Avatar 2". E!.
29.Jump up ^ "Tropico de Sangre". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
30.Jump up ^ "La historia de las hermanas Mirabal". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Retrieved December 23, 2010.
31.Jump up ^ "Get Your Grindhouse Fix With a New Poster from Robert Rodriguez's Machete". BloodyDisgusting.[dead link]
32.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriquez Responds". Hollywoodnews.com. July 26, 2010.
33.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Writing Kids Film". Internet Movie Database. September 18, 2008.
34.Jump up ^ "GameCulture Exclusive: 'Avatar' Vet Michelle Rodriguez Talks Modern Warfare and Dodging Earthquakes". Gameculture.com. December 14, 2009. Archived from the original on December 17, 2009.
35.Jump up ^ Betiku, Fehintola (May 24, 2012). "Too cool for Cannes... Michelle Rodriguez shows off her DJ skills at the Sea Shepherd party in Cannes". Daily Mail (London). Retrieved August 12, 2013.
36.Jump up ^ "Rodriguez Turned Down Muslim Marriage". Cinema.com. June 6, 2008. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012.
37.Jump up ^ Wloszczyna, Susan (August 6, 2002). "Vin Diesel, in high gear". USA Today. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
38.Jump up ^ "Minogue's Martinez linked to Rodriguez". Contact Music. May 2, 2008. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved March 3, 2005.
39.Jump up ^ Kent, Paul (May 2, 2008). "Kylie and Oli on rocks again". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved January 29, 2005.[dead link]
40.Jump up ^ "LOST girl" (REPRINT). Cosmopolitan. April 16, 2006. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
41.Jump up ^ Kort, Michele (November 15, 2006). "Michelle & Kristanna in love!". The Advocate (PlanetOut Inc.). Retrieved February 4, 2007.[dead link]
42.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez 'Curve' cover controversial". Monstersandcritics.com. Retrieved May 2, 2008.
43.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez Blogs About Curve Article". michelle-rodriguez.com. May 2007. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2009.
44.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodríguez: 'RD no debería tener esa mentalidad tan gubernamental'". Cayena. Retrieved November 22, 2008.[dead link]
45.Jump up ^ Rodriguez, Priscilla (19 November 2013). "Exclusive: Michelle Rodriguez talks 'Turbo' & coming out: I wanted to be honest". Latina. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
46.Jump up ^ Hernandez, Greg (May 12, 2014). "Michelle Rodriguez chats with GSN at her first LGBTI event since coming out as bisexual". Gay Star News. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
47.Jump up ^ Ocamb, Karen (May 20, 2014). "Michelle Rodriguez Asks 'What's Wrong with Being Bi?'". frontiersla.com. Retrieved June 2, 2014.
48.Jump up ^ Grossberg, Josh (March 20, 2002). ""Girlfight" Star Busted for Girl Fight". E!. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
49.Jump up ^ Grossberg, Josh (April 8, 2002). ""Girlfight" Star Off the Hook". E!. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
50.Jump up ^ Haberman, Lia (November 20, 2003). "Rodriguez: Way 2 Fast 2 Furious". E!. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
51.^ Jump up to: a b ""Lost" actress chooses jail over service". CBS News. Associated Press. April 26, 2006. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved July 21, 2006.
52.Jump up ^ Hall, Sarah (December 14, 2005). "Rodriguez: Fast and Furious Driver". E!. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
53.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez settles two traffic cases". MSNBC. Associated Press. December 14, 2005. Retrieved July 21, 2006.
54.Jump up ^ "Two 'Lost' stars charged with drunken driving". MSNBC. Associated Press. December 2, 2005. Retrieved July 21, 2006.
55.Jump up ^ Errico, Marcus (December 29, 2005). ""Lost" Stars Arraigned for DUIs". E!. Retrieved July 21, 2006.
56.Jump up ^ Finn, Natalie (May 22, 2006). "More Jail Time for Michelle Rodriguez". E!. Retrieved July 29, 2006.[dead link]
57.Jump up ^ Lee, Ken and Silverman, Stephen M. (May 22, 2006). "Michelle Rodriguez Gets 60 Days in Jail". People. Archived from the original on February 12, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
58.Jump up ^ ""Michelle Rodriguez Blogs About Arrest and Conviction"; February 16, 2007". Michelle-rodriguez.com. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2010.
59.Jump up ^ Lee, Ken (October 27, 2007). "Michelle Rodriguez Sentenced to Six Months in Jail wow". People. Retrieved February 10, 2008.
60.Jump up ^ Finn, Natalie (October 10, 2007). "Slammer Time for Michelle Rodriguez". E!.
61.Jump up ^ "Former 'Lost' star Michelle Rodriguez reports for 6-month jail term in California". MSNBC. Associated Press. December 24, 2007. Retrieved December 25, 2007.[dead link]
62.Jump up ^ "Michelle Rodriguez out of jail after 18 days". MSNBC. January 10, 2008. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
63.Jump up ^ Miska, Brad (September 22, 2011). "Michelle Rodriguez Returning for Some 'Retribution'!". Bloody Disgusting. The Collective. Archived from the original on September 23, 2011. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Michelle Rodriguez.
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Michelle Rodriguez
Official website
Michelle Rodriguez at the Internet Movie Database


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series (2000–2009)


The West Wing, season 1/season 2 (2000): Hill; Janney; Kelly; Lowe; Moloney; Schiff; Sheen; Spencer; Whitford
 The West Wing, season 2/season 3 (2001): Hill; Janney; Lowe; Moloney; Schiff; Sheen; Spencer; Whitford
 Six Feet Under, season 2 (2002): Ambrose; Conroy; Griffiths; Hall; Krause; Rodríguez; St. Patrick
 Six Feet Under, season 3 (2003): Ambrose; Conroy; Foster; Griffiths; Hall; Krause; Macdissi; Machado; Rodríguez; St. Patrick; Taylor; Wilson
 CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, season 4/season 5 (2004): Dourdan; Eads; Fox; Guilfoyle; Hall; Helgenberger; Petersen; Szmanda
 Lost, season 1/season 2 (2005): Akinnuoye-Agbaje; Andrews; de Ravin; Fox; Garcia; Grace; Holloway; Kelley; D. D. Kim; Y. Kim; Lilly; Monaghan; O'Quinn; Perrineau; Rodriguez; Somerhalder; Watros
 Grey's Anatomy, season 2/season 3 (2006): Chambers; Dane; Dempsey; Heigl; Knight; Oh; Pickens; Pompeo; Ramirez; Walsh; Washington; Wilson
 The Sopranos, season 6 (2007): Antonacci; Bracco; Falco; Gandolfini; Grimaldi; Iler; Imperioli; Nascarella; Schirripa; Servitto; Sigler; Sirico; Turturro; Van Zandt; Vincent
 Mad Men, season 2 (2008): Batt; Brie; Gladis; Hamm; Hart; Hendricks; Jones; Kartheiser; Moses; Moss; Shipka; Slattery; Sommer; Staton
 Mad Men, season 3 (2009): Alemanni; Batt; Gilmore; Gladis; Hamm; Harris; Hendricks; Jones; Kartheiser; Morse; Moss; Shipka; Slattery; Sommer; Stanley; Staton
 

Complete list ·
 (1994–1999) ·
 (2000–2009) ·
 (2010–present)
 



Authority control
WorldCat ·
 VIAF: 10060342 ·
 LCCN: no2001052247 ·
 ISNI: 0000 0000 7139 3797 ·
 GND: 14210583X ·
 SUDOC: 133636100 ·
 BNF: cb14221622p (data)
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1978 births
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Leo Volpe

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Jump to: navigation, search


Wiki letter w.svg
 
Leo J. Volpe (1916–13 April 2000) was a draft resister and conscientious objector as a Jehovah's Witness during World War II.
In the Month of February 1940 Leo Volpe begin reading the first of a set of three books titled Vindication. The books were written by Joseph F. Rutherford of whom was later understood to be one of the Remnant of the heavenly class. Shortly after this he became a Jehovah's witness and studied with them for a year and a half.
In October 1943 he received his first command from Yahweh saying, "You must leave Jehovah's Witnesses, Move to the country, stay there by yourself, and I will teach you all about Jehovah's Witnesses; and afterward you will get back together in a way that will surprise them". Obediently he moved out to the country in Vineland, New Jersey. It was also at this time in 1944, that he left the Jehovah's Witnesses.
In 1945 he received his next vision from Yahweh and was told "You are a Prophet". In 1952 he was given the understanding of Revelation 13, but he did not yet have the understanding of the calculation of the 666. Through inspiration he realized that the king of iron (Russia, communism), and the king of clay (U.S.A., Capitalism ), spoken of in Daniel 2, would be the two nations that would combine to build the "abomination of desolation" the one world government. They would elect the Pope of Rome to be the temporal ruler. This One world government would only last for three and a half years,(Revelation 13:5). In 1964 he sat down and began to write out the elements of the beast spoken of in Revelation thirteen and came up with the calculation of the 666. The Revelation Thirteen article was put into print in 1965.
In 1973 he founded The Restored Israel of Yahweh, whose members believe that Volpe is the prophet Jeremiah resurrected, and which incorporates war tax resistance into its practices.[1] Volpe also taught that Yahshua the Messiah returned in a spiritual presence in April 1917, and began to rule creation for One Thousand Years. Now that the Messiah's second presence has arrived, the time has come for the return of the Ancient Worthies the prophets of Old to return as "Princes in all the earth" as visible representatives of Yahweh's Holy Kingdom to Israel and to all people of goodwill. The Purpose of the Messiah's Reign is to remove all enemies that plague the human race, and the last enemy to be destroyed will be death. Then the earth will once again be a paradise as it was in the days of the Garden of Eden. All obedient mankind will be restored to perfection on earth through the Kingdom of Yahweh.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Gross, David M. (2014). 99 Tactics of Successful Tax Resistance Campaigns. Picket Line Press. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-1490572741.
External links[edit]
The Restored Israel of YAHWEH
An "immortal" leader has a very mortal end The Press Of Atlantic City 21 May 2000



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1916 births
2000 deaths
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
American tax resisters
American conscientious objectors





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Leo Volpe

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Wiki letter w.svg
 
Leo J. Volpe (1916–13 April 2000) was a draft resister and conscientious objector as a Jehovah's Witness during World War II.
In the Month of February 1940 Leo Volpe begin reading the first of a set of three books titled Vindication. The books were written by Joseph F. Rutherford of whom was later understood to be one of the Remnant of the heavenly class. Shortly after this he became a Jehovah's witness and studied with them for a year and a half.
In October 1943 he received his first command from Yahweh saying, "You must leave Jehovah's Witnesses, Move to the country, stay there by yourself, and I will teach you all about Jehovah's Witnesses; and afterward you will get back together in a way that will surprise them". Obediently he moved out to the country in Vineland, New Jersey. It was also at this time in 1944, that he left the Jehovah's Witnesses.
In 1945 he received his next vision from Yahweh and was told "You are a Prophet". In 1952 he was given the understanding of Revelation 13, but he did not yet have the understanding of the calculation of the 666. Through inspiration he realized that the king of iron (Russia, communism), and the king of clay (U.S.A., Capitalism ), spoken of in Daniel 2, would be the two nations that would combine to build the "abomination of desolation" the one world government. They would elect the Pope of Rome to be the temporal ruler. This One world government would only last for three and a half years,(Revelation 13:5). In 1964 he sat down and began to write out the elements of the beast spoken of in Revelation thirteen and came up with the calculation of the 666. The Revelation Thirteen article was put into print in 1965.
In 1973 he founded The Restored Israel of Yahweh, whose members believe that Volpe is the prophet Jeremiah resurrected, and which incorporates war tax resistance into its practices.[1] Volpe also taught that Yahshua the Messiah returned in a spiritual presence in April 1917, and began to rule creation for One Thousand Years. Now that the Messiah's second presence has arrived, the time has come for the return of the Ancient Worthies the prophets of Old to return as "Princes in all the earth" as visible representatives of Yahweh's Holy Kingdom to Israel and to all people of goodwill. The Purpose of the Messiah's Reign is to remove all enemies that plague the human race, and the last enemy to be destroyed will be death. Then the earth will once again be a paradise as it was in the days of the Garden of Eden. All obedient mankind will be restored to perfection on earth through the Kingdom of Yahweh.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Gross, David M. (2014). 99 Tactics of Successful Tax Resistance Campaigns. Picket Line Press. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-1490572741.
External links[edit]
The Restored Israel of YAHWEH
An "immortal" leader has a very mortal end The Press Of Atlantic City 21 May 2000



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1916 births
2000 deaths
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
American tax resisters
American conscientious objectors





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This page was last modified on 9 January 2014, at 22:38.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Volpe









Daniel Allen Cox

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Jump to: navigation, search


Daniel Allen Cox

Occupation
Writer
Nationality
Canadian
Period
2000s-present
Notable works
Shuck, Krakow Melt
Daniel Allen Cox (born February 3, 1976) is a Canadian author and screenwriter. Shuck, his debut novel about a New York City hustler, was a Lambda Literary Award and a ReLit Award finalist.


Contents  [hide]
1 Life and career
2 Bibliography
3 References
4 External links

Life and career[edit]
Cox is described in interviews as a former Jehovah's Witness and model/actor in gay pornography.[1] From 2008 to 2011, he wrote the column "Fingerprinted" for Capital Xtra! in Ottawa, Ontario.[2]
Krakow Melt, the second novel by Cox, published by Arsenal Pulp Press, about Polish pyromaniacs who fight homophobia, was released in 2010 and was excerpted in the US-based national gay and lesbian newsmagazine The Advocate.[3] In 2011, Istanbul-based publisher Altikirkbes acquired Turkish-language rights to the novel for an underground literature imprint featuring Lydia Lunch.[4] The novel was nominated for the ReLit Award, the Lambda Literary Award and the Ferro-Grumley Award for LGBT Fiction. Cox's third novel, Basement of Wolves, was released in 2012.[5]
Cox co-wrote the screenplay for the Bruce LaBruce film Gerontophilia which premiered in 2013 at the Venice Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival, won the Grand Prix FOCUS for Best Canadian Film at the Festival du nouveau cinéma, had theatrical runs and television presentations in Canada, France, and Poland, and has screened at over seventy-five festivals worldwide. Gerontophilia will be released in theatres in the United States in 2015. [6][7]
Cox's short film script One Shut Night was performed live at the 2013 NYC PictureStart Film Festival in a stage reading directed by Peter Kelley.[8]
Cox has appeared at the Blue Metropolis Montreal International Literary Festival, Ottawa International Writers' Festival, Northeastern Illinois University, Columbia College Chicago,[9] McGill University,[10] Wilfrid Laurier University's Rainbow Centre, the San Francisco Sex Worker Arts Festival,[11] WESTFEST, GritLit, AIDS Committee of Ottawa, and CBC Radio One.[12][13] He is a former fiction editor of Outsider Ink, and his own fiction has appeared in numerous magazines and anthologies. He is openly gay.[14]
Tattoo This Madness In, his novella about LGBT Jehovah's Witnesses who use Smurf tattoos to rebel against their faith, was nominated for a 2007 Expozine Alternative Press Award.
Bibliography[edit]
Episodes of Deflated Magic (short story chapbook, Fever Press, 2004) ISBN 0-9732424-1-8
Year of the Thief (anthology story, Thieves Jargon Press, 2006) ISBN 0-9770750-1-X
Tattoo This Madness In (novella, Dusty Owl Press, 2006) ISBN 0-9739266-4-3
Shuck (novel, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2008) ISBN 978-1-55152-246-3
Second Person Queer (anthology essay, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2009) ISBN 978-1-55152-245-6
I Like It Like That (anthology story, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2009) ISBN 978-1-55152-259-3
Krakow Melt (novel, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2010) ISBN 978-1-55152-372-9
Basement of Wolves (novel, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2012) ISBN 978-1-55152-446-7
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Montreal Mirror, September 11, 2008.
2.Jump up ^ Daniel Allen Cox author archives. Xtra! Ottawa.
3.Jump up ^ "The Ninio in the Room". The Advocate, September 16, 2010.
4.Jump up ^ "Deals: Natalee Caple, Cary Fagan, Mariko Tamaki, and more". Quill & Quire, February 23, 2011.
5.Jump up ^ Basement of Wolves, Arsenal Pulp Press.
6.Jump up ^ Kilian Melloy. "When May Met December: Interview with Daniel Allen Cox". EDGE magazine. August 22, 2013.
7.Jump up ^ "Official Site for the film Gerontophilia"/
8.Jump up ^ NYC PictureStart Film Festival 2013 edition.
9.Jump up ^ LGBTQ students speak out. The Columbia Chronicle, October 18, 2010.
10.Jump up ^ "Hit List". Hour Community, November 23, 2006.
11.Jump up ^ Queer Arts Festival :: Formerly Known As. Edge San Francisco, June 10, 2009.
12.Jump up ^ Ottawa International Writer's Festival.
13.Jump up ^ CBC Radio One, December 2, 2006.
14.Jump up ^ "Francis Vol interviews Daniel Allen Cox", Velvet Mafia (21), retrieved October 6, 2007
External links[edit]
Daniel Allen Cox at the Internet Movie Database


Authority control
VIAF: 106675625 ·
 ISNI: 0000 0000 8459 2138
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1976 births
Canadian male novelists
Canadian screenwriters
LGBT writers from Canada
Gay writers
Living people
Writers from Quebec
LGBT screenwriters
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
21st-century Canadian novelists
LGBT novelists






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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Allen_Cox









Daniel Allen Cox

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search


Daniel Allen Cox

Occupation
Writer
Nationality
Canadian
Period
2000s-present
Notable works
Shuck, Krakow Melt
Daniel Allen Cox (born February 3, 1976) is a Canadian author and screenwriter. Shuck, his debut novel about a New York City hustler, was a Lambda Literary Award and a ReLit Award finalist.


Contents  [hide]
1 Life and career
2 Bibliography
3 References
4 External links

Life and career[edit]
Cox is described in interviews as a former Jehovah's Witness and model/actor in gay pornography.[1] From 2008 to 2011, he wrote the column "Fingerprinted" for Capital Xtra! in Ottawa, Ontario.[2]
Krakow Melt, the second novel by Cox, published by Arsenal Pulp Press, about Polish pyromaniacs who fight homophobia, was released in 2010 and was excerpted in the US-based national gay and lesbian newsmagazine The Advocate.[3] In 2011, Istanbul-based publisher Altikirkbes acquired Turkish-language rights to the novel for an underground literature imprint featuring Lydia Lunch.[4] The novel was nominated for the ReLit Award, the Lambda Literary Award and the Ferro-Grumley Award for LGBT Fiction. Cox's third novel, Basement of Wolves, was released in 2012.[5]
Cox co-wrote the screenplay for the Bruce LaBruce film Gerontophilia which premiered in 2013 at the Venice Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival, won the Grand Prix FOCUS for Best Canadian Film at the Festival du nouveau cinéma, had theatrical runs and television presentations in Canada, France, and Poland, and has screened at over seventy-five festivals worldwide. Gerontophilia will be released in theatres in the United States in 2015. [6][7]
Cox's short film script One Shut Night was performed live at the 2013 NYC PictureStart Film Festival in a stage reading directed by Peter Kelley.[8]
Cox has appeared at the Blue Metropolis Montreal International Literary Festival, Ottawa International Writers' Festival, Northeastern Illinois University, Columbia College Chicago,[9] McGill University,[10] Wilfrid Laurier University's Rainbow Centre, the San Francisco Sex Worker Arts Festival,[11] WESTFEST, GritLit, AIDS Committee of Ottawa, and CBC Radio One.[12][13] He is a former fiction editor of Outsider Ink, and his own fiction has appeared in numerous magazines and anthologies. He is openly gay.[14]
Tattoo This Madness In, his novella about LGBT Jehovah's Witnesses who use Smurf tattoos to rebel against their faith, was nominated for a 2007 Expozine Alternative Press Award.
Bibliography[edit]
Episodes of Deflated Magic (short story chapbook, Fever Press, 2004) ISBN 0-9732424-1-8
Year of the Thief (anthology story, Thieves Jargon Press, 2006) ISBN 0-9770750-1-X
Tattoo This Madness In (novella, Dusty Owl Press, 2006) ISBN 0-9739266-4-3
Shuck (novel, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2008) ISBN 978-1-55152-246-3
Second Person Queer (anthology essay, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2009) ISBN 978-1-55152-245-6
I Like It Like That (anthology story, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2009) ISBN 978-1-55152-259-3
Krakow Melt (novel, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2010) ISBN 978-1-55152-372-9
Basement of Wolves (novel, Arsenal Pulp Press, 2012) ISBN 978-1-55152-446-7
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Montreal Mirror, September 11, 2008.
2.Jump up ^ Daniel Allen Cox author archives. Xtra! Ottawa.
3.Jump up ^ "The Ninio in the Room". The Advocate, September 16, 2010.
4.Jump up ^ "Deals: Natalee Caple, Cary Fagan, Mariko Tamaki, and more". Quill & Quire, February 23, 2011.
5.Jump up ^ Basement of Wolves, Arsenal Pulp Press.
6.Jump up ^ Kilian Melloy. "When May Met December: Interview with Daniel Allen Cox". EDGE magazine. August 22, 2013.
7.Jump up ^ "Official Site for the film Gerontophilia"/
8.Jump up ^ NYC PictureStart Film Festival 2013 edition.
9.Jump up ^ LGBTQ students speak out. The Columbia Chronicle, October 18, 2010.
10.Jump up ^ "Hit List". Hour Community, November 23, 2006.
11.Jump up ^ Queer Arts Festival :: Formerly Known As. Edge San Francisco, June 10, 2009.
12.Jump up ^ Ottawa International Writer's Festival.
13.Jump up ^ CBC Radio One, December 2, 2006.
14.Jump up ^ "Francis Vol interviews Daniel Allen Cox", Velvet Mafia (21), retrieved October 6, 2007
External links[edit]
Daniel Allen Cox at the Internet Movie Database


Authority control
VIAF: 106675625 ·
 ISNI: 0000 0000 8459 2138
 




 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1976 births
Canadian male novelists
Canadian screenwriters
LGBT writers from Canada
Gay writers
Living people
Writers from Quebec
LGBT screenwriters
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
21st-century Canadian novelists
LGBT novelists






Navigation menu



Create account
Log in



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Read

Edit

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This page was last modified on 27 April 2015, at 13:10.
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Allen_Cox









Gary Botting

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Gary Botting

Born
Gary Norman Botting
19 July 1943
Frilford Heath, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
Residence
Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada
Nationality
British and Canadian (dual)
Ethnicity
British
Citizenship
Canadian
Education
Studied at Trent University (B.A.), Memorial University of Newfoundland (M.A.), University of Alberta (Ph.D., M.F.A.), University of Calgary (LL.B./J.D.), University of British Columbia (LL.M., Ph.D.)
Alma mater
Trent University
Occupation
Lawyer, legal scholar, journalist, playwright, novelist, poet
Years active
1961–
Employer
South China Morning Post, Peterborough Examiner, University of Alberta, University of Calgary, Simon Fraser University, University of Washington, University of British Columbia
Known for
Appellate lawyer with expertise in extradition and dangerous offenders; critic of Jehovah's Witnesses; plays; poetry
Notable work
The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses, Streaking!, Extradition between Canada and the United States
Religion
None
Spouse(s)
Heather Harden (1966–2000); Virginia ("Ginny") Martin (2011–)
Children
4
Awards
U.S. National Science Fair – International; U.S. National Academy of Sciences; American Institute of Biological Sciences; Alberta Culture playwriting awards; University of British Columbia Paetzold Fellow; Canada Council postdoctoral fellowships (law); Trent University distinguished alumni award (2015)
Gary Norman Arthur Botting (born 19 July 1943)[1] is a Canadian legal scholar and criminal defense lawyer as well as a poet, playwright and critic of literature and religion, in particular Jehovah's Witnesses. The author of more than 30 books, he is one of the country's leading authorities on extradition law.[2] He is said to have had "more experience in battling the extradition system than any other Canadian lawyer."[3][4]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Entomology
3 Religion
4 Journalist
5 Poet
6 Playwright
7 Professor of English Literature and Creative Writing
8 Lawyer
9 Legal scholar
10 Personal life
11 References
12 External links

Early life[edit]
Botting was born in Oakley House near Royal Air Force Station Abingdon (RAF Abingdon) at Frilford Heath near Oxford, England on 19 July 1943. He was christened in the Church of England Parish Church of St. James the Great in Radley, Berkshire. His father, Pilot Officer Norman Arthur Botting DFC, was killed in action over Germany on 15 September 1943 when he was less than two months old—on his older sister Mavis' second birthday. Following the war, their mother Joan, a teacher, took up residence with Group Captain Leonard Cheshire VC, the father of their younger sister, Elizabeth, at Gumley Hall near Bedford Gardens, Market Harborough, Leicestershire[5] and later she and the children moved with Cheshire to LeCourt, the name of the mansion he had acquired from his aunt in Hampshire.[6] After witnessing the bombing of Nagasaki at the end of World War II, Cheshire, who had been raised high Anglican, began to examine various religions.[7] Joan and he agreed about the nature of God as a person.[8] Joan was baptized as a Jehovah's Witness in September 1948 and expected Cheshire to follow; when he converted to Roman Catholicism later that year instead, she moved with the children back to Radley.[9]
Botting attended the Church of England Primary School in Radley. One day when pedaling back from school he found a "rare and portentous Death's-Head Hawk [moth] (Acherontia atropos)" at the side of the road.[10] Later, in Cambridge, he began collecting moths in earnest.[11] On Elizabeth's eighth birthday, 8 January 1954, the Botting family arrived in Fort Erie, Ontario as immigrants to Canada.[1]
Entomology[edit]
In his early teens Botting began to experiment at home with the hybridization of moths, developing his own technique entailing surgical transplantation of female pheromonal scent sacs.[12] Exhibits of his hybrid moths won top honours at the Ontario (Canada) and United States National Science Fairs two years in a row—in 1960 for "Interesting Variations of the Cynthia Silk Moth", and in 1961 for "Intergeneric Hybridization Among Giant Silk Moths".[13] In particular, he cross-bred the North American Polyphemus moth (then called Telea polyphemus) with Japanese and Indian giant silk moths of the genus Antheraea, pointing out that the Polyphemus moth really belonged to that genus.[14] The Polyphemus moth was subsequently renamed Antheraea polyphemus to accord with his observations.
In the summer of 1960 he was sponsored by the American Institute of Biological Sciences on a lecture tour of the US to explicate his experiments.[15] Later that year the National Academy of Sciences sponsored him on a lecture tour of India.[16] While in India in January 1961, Botting was befriended by J. B. S. Haldane, who decades earlier had applied statistical research to the natural selection of moths.[17] In the 1960s, Haldane's wife, Helen Spurway, was also researching the genetics of giant silk moths of the Antheraea genus. The Haldanes' socialist sympathies disturbed Botting's US host, the United States Information Service (USIS)—the name used outside the US by the United States Information Agency—which summarily cancelled Botting's attendance at a banquet to which the Haldanes had invited him as guest of honour. Haldane protested by going on a hunger strike.[18] Botting received the US National Pest Control Award when he demonstrated that his experiments had practical applications beyond producing finer silk.[19] In 1964 he experimented with feeding caterpillars juvenile hormones and vitamin B12 to keep Luna moths (Actias luna) and Cecropia moths (Hyalophora cecropia) in the larval stage an instar longer than normal, resulting in larger cocoons and larger adult moths.[20]
Religion[edit]
Botting was raised as a Jehovah's Witness. At age five, with his sister Mavis (then seven), Botting began going from house to house distributing The Watchtower and Awake!,[21] and the following year gave his first sermon about "Noah and the Ark", at the Cambridgeshire Labour Hall in Cambridge, England.[22] Mavis and Gary attended the semi-official Theodena Kingdom Boarding School in Suffolk, run by Rhoda Ford, the sister of Percy Ford, at that time the head of Jehovah's Witnesses in Great Britain.[23] Botting's lay preaching continued after his arrival in Canada at age ten. He entered the "industrial arts" (rather than "academic") stream in high school, majoring in drafting and machine shop.[24] In July 1955, Botting was baptized as a "dedicated" Jehovah's Witness at a convention in New York City.[25]
In July 1961, Watch Tower vice-president F.W. Franz assigned Botting the task of smuggling Watchtowers and anti-Francisco Franco tracts into Spain, where Jehovah's Witnesses were banned.[26] From 1961 to 1963, Botting volunteered in Hong Kong as a "pioneer" missionary, supporting himself by working as a journalist for the South China Morning Post.[27] Once he returned from Hong Kong, he attended Trent University to study literature and philosophy. In 1965, the Peterborough Examiner published a full-page editorial on Botting's personal dilemma, "Evolution and the Bible: Faith in Science or Faith in God a Choice for Man."[28] Botting later admitted that his discussions with Haldane in India in 1961 had had a profound effect on his way of looking at the world, although the process of shaking the social imperatives imposed by his religion took decades.[29]
Disenchanted with organized Christian religion in general and Jehovah's Witnesses in particular, in 1975 Botting wrote the semi-autobiographical poem sequence Monomonster in Hell,[30] satirizing his experiences as a missionary and the fact that Armageddon had not arrived by October 1975 as Jehovah's Witnesses had predicted.[31] His play Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne? (1982) depicted the existential struggle and moral dilemma of leaving a fundamentalist sect.[32] Another of his plays first produced by the Department of Drama at the University of Alberta depicted the forming of a covenstead in which the protagonist priestess rejects her fundamentalist background and protects herself and those she loves with charms, spells and rituals.[33]
In 1984, Gary and Heather Botting co-authored The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses,[34] an exposé of the inner workings, shifting doctrines, linguistic quirks and "mental regulating" of members of the group. It graphically compares the religion's closed social paradigms to the "Newspeak" and thought control depicted in Orwell's novel.[35] Critics were generally intrigued by The Orwellian World, Debbie Morgan of the United Church Observer calling it "another warning against the way religious doctrine can be created and used to enslave rather than to free."[36] The Lethbridge Herald called it "jolting and unnerving. Uncanny"; and Carl Rapkins of the New York Tribune described it as "excellent and sophisticated—a rare treat."[37] The book sold out its first edition of 5000 copies within weeks of its release.[38]
In 1993, Botting published Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses,[39] an academic work about Jehovah's Witnesses in Canada and their role in pressing for the development of the Canadian Bill of Rights and what eventually became the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.[40]
By 1982, Botting had accepted Darwinian evolution as indisputable fact.[41] He reconciled his atheism with the promotion of paganism by reference to the suspension of disbelief and the intrinsic validity of the literary arts: poetry, drama and fiction. Pagan religion was a form of theatre that could coexist with a godless yet unfathomably immense and miraculous universe.[42] Both have equal significance to the human psyche; the capacity to appreciate both science and religion simultaneously is a dualistic side-product of human evolution.[43] Ultimately, both are merely extensions of the human mind calibrated using different dimensions of spacetime, one concrete and the other abstract. Rather than regarding himself as an essentialist like Iris Murdoch or an existentialist like Jean-Paul Sartre, Botting has described himself as an extensionist: all things, including human understanding, can be explained as extensions of mind and body in space and time.[44] Like Richard Dawkins, of whose brand of genetic theory—and unabashed atheism—Botting has been a staunch advocate, he was admittedly influenced by the observations and opinions of J. B. S. Haldane.[45]
Journalist[edit]
In September 1961, Botting left Canada for Hong Kong initially to become a missionary for Jehovah's Witnesses; but he had to support himself, and soon became first a proofreader and then a full-time reporter for the South China Morning Post. This led to many adventures which he chronicled in his serialized Occupational Hazard: The Adventures of a Journalist.[46] Soon journalism became a priority and he became one of the main feature writers for the South China Sunday Post-Herald.[47] He returned to Canada and in 1964 began to work for the Peterborough Examiner,[48] then owned by Robertson Davies, at the same time attending Trent University, where he was editor of the student newspaper, Trent Trends, and literary magazine, Tridentine. He became fast friends with Farley Mowat and wrote several features about the popular author, describing their mutual escapades on The Happy Adventure ("The Boat that Wouldn't Float"), including speculation as to whether sharks had invaded Lake Ontario via the newly opened St. Lawrence Seaway.[49] As an investigative reporter, in 1966 Botting opted to serve time in jail rather than pay parking fines so that he could write an exposé on security and health problems at the notorious Victoria County Jail in Ontario—eventually forcing the prison to close.[50] His later work of popular history, Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom, published in 2005 by Fifth House Books, discusses the life of mid-twentieth century Cree leader Bobtail ("Bob") Smallboy of the Ermineskin Cree Nation. Laurie Meijer-Drees, writing for The Canadian Historical Review,[51] praised the book for its use of oral history and family history in shedding more light on its subject, but criticized its portrayal of Smallboy as a "lone leader" with few peers and in particular its failure to put Smallboy in context with major First Nations political movements of the time such as the Indian Association of Alberta.[51]
Poet[edit]
Commencing in the 1960s, Botting published poetry in various literary magazines including Casserole, Hecate's Loom, Issue, Legal Studies Forum, New Thursday, Tridentine—and Umwelt, a Canadian literary magazine which he later satirized in BumweltS: Poems Written in Sexy ’69.[52] His third collection of poems, Streaking! (1974)[53] helped popularize that fad in Canada.[54] Monomonster in Hell (1975)[55] —based loosely on Botting's experiences as a missionary in Hong Kong—satirizes the failed prophecy of Jehovah’s Witnesses, who had anticipated that Armageddon would come by October 2, 1975.[56] Freckled Blue (1976),[55] Lady Godiva on a Plaster Horse (1977)[55] and Lady of My House (1986) [57] are collections of love poems which explore different poetic forms from experimental and concrete poetry to more conventional sonnets and ballads.[58] His complete published poems, including a risqué assortment that appeared in a limited edition of Isabeau: Poems of Lust and Love (2013), were gathered together in Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (2014), edited by screenwriter Tihemme Gagnon.[59]
Playwright[edit]
Beginning as playwright in residence with People & Puppets Incorporated in Edmonton, Alberta in the 1970s, Botting wrote some 30 plays, a dozen of which received awards from the governments of both Canada and Alberta as well as private sponsors such as the Edmonton Journal.[60] He first became active in theatre in the 1960s, when he acted in Academy Theatre and Peterborough Theatre Guild productions in Ontario, Canada. In the late 1960s, he became a theatre and movie critic for the Peterborough Examiner; his essays on and reviews of contemporary Off-Off-Broadway productions were collected in his critique The Theatre of Protest in America.[61]
His first play, written in St. John’s, Newfoundland in 1969, was The School of Night, later published as the award-winning Harriott!,[62] about the occult club formed in the 1590s by Thomas Harriott, Christopher Marlowe and Sir Walter Raleigh. The School of Night and Who Has Seen the Scroll? were first produced in Ontario in 1969–70. Prometheus Rebound,[62] written for the Open Theatre in St. John's, Newfoundland in 1969, was first produced by People & Puppets Incorporated in Edmonton, Alberta in 1971. A sequel to the dramatic poems of Aeschylus and Shelley, Botting's version of the myth portrays Prometheus' punishment for granting man access to nuclear energy.
Botting studied drama, including dramaturgy, in 1971–72 as a minor for his Ph.D. in English Literature, and a decade later received the Master of Fine Arts in playwriting from University of Alberta. Several of his plays were produced by the drama department, including his thesis production, Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne?, exposing the tendency of fundamental Christian ministers to exploit promising members of their sects. Edmonton Journal theater critic Keith Ashwell called Saint Joanne an "incredibly imaginative play": "In dramatizing his experiences he has written a very disquieting piece, that becomes positively uncomfortable at the end."[63] Botting's most popular award-winning plays were Crux (1983), about a nude woman who steadfastly refuses to be talked down out of her tree by her materialistic husband;[64] Winston Agonistes (1984), a sequel to George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-four;[65] and Fathers, first produced in a federal penitentiary by William Head on Stage in Victoria, British Columbia in 1993. Botting continues to write plays for the stage and screen, and in 2015 published a novel, Campbell's Kids.[66]
Professor of English Literature and Creative Writing[edit]
Botting graduated with a B.A. from Trent University with a joint major in philosophy and English literature, then obtained his Master of Arts degree in English from Memorial University of Newfoundland[67] and his PhD in English literature and Master of Fine Arts in drama (playwriting) from the University of Alberta in Edmonton. There, he taught English at the University of Alberta and was producer and playwright-in-residence for People & Puppets Incorporated and Edmonton Summer Theatre—precursors to the Edmonton Fringe Festival. Botting's PhD dissertation was on William Golding,[68] author of Lord of the Flies.[69] From 1972 to 1986 Botting taught English and creative writing at Red Deer College, where he was at various times the college's media relations coordinator, chairman of the English department, editor-in-chief of Red Deer College Press and president of the Faculty Association. He was later remembered by college librarian and fellow thespian Paul Boultbee (who had acted in Botting's plays Crux (1983)[70] and Winston Agonistes (1984))[71] as being a "creative, rebellious faculty member."[72] Be that as it may, Botting was named "Citizen of the Year" by the Central Alberta Allied Arts Council on 5 May 1984.[73]
In the 1970s, Botting was vice-president of Central Alberta Theatre, sat on the executive of the Literary Presses Group and the Canadian Publishers Association, and was founding president of the Alberta Publishers Association.[74] He taught English and creative writing at Maskwachees Cultural College in Hobbema, establishment of which he had initially proposed in the early 1970s.[75] While first setting up his law practice in Victoria in the early 1990s he taught creative writing and English literature for various colleges and universities, including Lakeland College in Alberta and Simon Fraser University in British Columbia.
Lawyer[edit]
Botting entered the University of Calgary Faculty of Law on a Brunet scholarship in 1987. Shortly afterwards he joined the staff of the Institute of Natural Resources Law as a legal researcher. He was elected vice-president of Victims of Law Dilemma (VOLD), an independent watchdog group designed to keep lawyers responsible and to pressure Canadian law societies to appoint lay benchers. As a first-year law student he represented Joel Slater, an American man who became stateless after renouncing US citizenship.[76] When he was in second year, the Law Society of Alberta "investigated" Botting for representing Howard Pursley, an alleged white supremacist refugee claimant who was eventually flown directly from Calgary to Texas in a form of disguised extradition later known as extraordinary rendition.[77] Botting was cleared of any wrongdoing.[78] In his third year, Botting was enlisted by Calgary lawyers Don McLeod and Noel O'Brien to assist them with research in connection with the extradition of Charles Ng—who faced the death penalty for allegedly murdering as many as 25 men, women and children in California. That year Botting also represented the first dozen Chinese students in Canada to be granted refugee status after they publicly protested China's 1989 clampdown on demonstrators in Tiananmen Square.[79] After graduating in 1990, Botting articled in Victoria for Doug Christie.
Notable clients whom Botting has represented include Dorothy Grey-Vik, who five decades after the fact successfully sued her parents' former hired hand for repeatedly raping her, beginning when she was a prepubescent school girl, making her his "sex slave" for two years and fathering her two children (born when she was twelve and thirteen, respectively)[80]—with her parents' complacency and complicity;[81] Gerald Gervasoni, extradited to Florida to face trial for the murder of his girlfriend, whose body was found stuffed under her mother's bed;[82] Patrick Kelly, an RCMP officer convicted of first degree murder for tossing his wife off a 17th story balcony in Toronto who sued the Correctional Service of Canada for negligence for housing him at Kingston Penitentiary without regard to risk arising from his previous status as a police officer;[83] James Ernest Ponton, charged with second degree murder after shooting his victim twice in the back—who was acquitted by a jury on the basis of Botting's argument of self-defence;[84] Clifford Edwards, for whom Botting sought a moratorium on extradition from the Minister of Justice on the grounds that the Canada-US Extradition Treaty has never been ratified by Parliament;[85] Karlheinz Schreiber, a German man who fought extradition from Canada for nearly a decade;[2][86] friends of Marc Emery, a cannabis policy reform activist who consented to his extradition to the United States;[87] Mark Wilson, who won his 2011 extradition appeal on the basis that the extradition judge had refused to admit important evidence;[88] the family of Dr. Asha Goel, an Ontario obstetrician murdered in her sleep while visiting her brother's house in Mumbai, India—the Canadian component of the investigation having been squelched by the Department of Justice;[89] Emmanuel Alviar, who received a one-month jail sentence for his part in the 2011 Stanley Cup Riot in Vancouver;[90] Sean Doak, who is currently fighting extradition to the United States for allegedly leading a drug smuggling ring while incarcerated in a federal penitentiary;[91] and Brinder Rai, a Calgary man suing his grandfather, father and other relatives for allegedly conspiring to shoot him in the back at close range with a shotgun in an "honour killing" attempt.[92]
Legal scholar[edit]
Botting completed his Master of Laws in 1999 and a second PhD, in law, in 2004 at the University of British Columbia,[93] and went on to publish a number of scholarly works on Canadian and international law.[94] He was recognized as "Canada's leading legal scholar on extradition law" by Larry Rousseau, executive vice president of the Public Service Alliance of Canada.[95] His U.S.-published Extradition between Canada and the United States,[96] cited by the Supreme Court of Canada,[97] criticized Canada's level of cooperation with the United States in international criminal matters, arguing that Canada's policy of placing international comity over individual rights had dangerously expanded executive discretion and damaged human rights protections.[98] The book received favourable reviews in the Law & Politics Book Review and the Revue québécoise de droit international.[99] Another of his works on extradition law, Canadian Extradition Law Practice, which has gone through five editions, contains broader criticisms of Canada's network of extradition treaties, in particular of the erosion of the double criminality requirement.[100] His Extradition: Individual Rights vs. International Obligations, published in Stuttgart, Germany, was released in 2010,[101] and Halbury's Laws of Canada: Extradition and Mutual Legal Assistance the following year.[102] His Wrongful Conviction in Canadian Law (2010)[103] examines Canadian commissions of inquiry into miscarriage of justice. The book's foreword was written by David Milgaard, who was convicted of a murder he did not commit and spent 23 years in prison.[104] Botting spent four years as a visiting scholar and post-doctoral fellow at University of Washington School of Law in Seattle and another year as research associate at the University of British Columbia – where he is a Paetzold Fellow – before returning to private practice in British Columbia in 2009. In April 2015 he was granted a Trent University Distinguished Alumnus lifetime achievement award for his legal scholarship and literary skills.[105] The citation noted that Botting "is recognized as one of the most prolific legal scholars in Canada, the 'go to' expert in Canada on extradition, and a writer of immense talent."[3][4]
Personal life[edit]
Botting has four children by his first wife, Dr Heather Botting. They were divorced in 1999. In 2011, Botting married Australian-Canadian speech language pathologist Virginia ("Ginny") Martin.[106] Now in his seventies, he continues to practice extradition and appellate law in Vancouver, British Columbia.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Profile: Gary Botting". ABC Bookworld. 2011. Retrieved 2012-11-09.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Greenway, Norma (2009-07-06). "Schreiber challenges extradition treaty". The Windsor Star. Retrieved 2013-01-11.;http://www.thefilipinopost.com/article/1642-another-kick-chingkoe-can.html; http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/opinion/blogs/giroday/; Sarah Boyd, "Book Review: Canadian Extradition Law Practice", Prism Magazine, 5 February 2012, http://prism-magazine.com/2012/02/book-review-canadian-extradition-law-practice/
3.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Cobb, "Canada's extradition law: A legal conundrum," Ottawa Citizen, 15 November 2014 http://ottawacitizen.com/news/local-news/canadas-extradition-law-a-legal-condundrum, accessed 16 November 2014
4.^ Jump up to: a b Trent University Alumni Awards and Honours, 18 April 2015, http://www.trentu.ca/alumni/awardsandhonours_awards.php, accessed 1 May 2015 9:44 AM
5.Jump up ^ The Face of Victory(London: Hutchinson, 1961) p. 69; Richard Morris, Cheshire: The Biography of Leonard Cheshire, VC, OM (London: Viking, 2000), pp. 237–240
6.Jump up ^ Morris (2000), pp. 242–260
7.Jump up ^ The Face of Victory, pp. 104–110
8.Jump up ^ The Face of Victory, pp. 47, 55–56; Russell Braddon Cheshire V.C. (London: Evans, 1954) p. 135
9.Jump up ^ The Face of Victory, pp. 57–58, 95–98, 148–151
10.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Preface", Heather and Gary Botting, The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984), p. xii
11.Jump up ^ "Gary's Open Window Way to Science Prize", Toronto Telegram, 2 May 1960, page 1
12.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Preface" to The Orwellian World, p. xiii
13.Jump up ^ "City Student Earns Praise for Work in Studying, Breeding Silk Moths", Peterborough Examiner, 2 May 1960; "Gary's Open Window Way to Science Prize", Toronto Telegram, 2 May 1960, page 1; "Ontario Boy Wins Top Spot in Science Fair", Toronto Telegram, 13 May 1960; "Science Fair Winners", Science Newsletter, 28 May 1960; "Bright Youth Brighter Today", Weekend Magazine, Vol. 10, No. 40, 1960
14.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Intergeneric hybridization among giant silk moths", Exhibit, U.S. National Science Fair—International, 1961
15.Jump up ^ "Moths Wing Lad to Oklahoma", Toronto Telegram, 16 June 1960; "Student to be Guest of U.S. Institute", Globe and Mail, 16 June 1960; "PCVS student receives fresh recognition", Peterborough Examiner, 2 September 1960
16.Jump up ^ "Young Expert on Moths Invited to India Talks", Toronto Telegram, 29 December 1960; "Boy Collector: Moths Win Gary World Trip", Evening News, 29 December 1960; "Young City Moth Expert Flies to India", Peterborough Examiner, 30 December 1960; "Noted U.S. Scientists Address Roorkee Meeting", American Reporter, 11 January 1961; "Biology Students in India", The American Biology Teacher, Vol. 23 No. 6 (October 1961) p. 364; http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4439623?uid=3739400&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=3737720&uid=4&sid=21101589318023; "Moths Going to India". The Windsor Star. 1960-10-22. Retrieved 2013-01-12.; "Moth Expert, 17, invited to India", Winnipeg Free Press (Tuesday 25 October 1960)
17.Jump up ^ http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/ridley/classictexts/haldane2.pdf
18.Jump up ^ "Haldane on Fast: Insult by USIS Alleged", The Times of India, 19 January 1961; "Protest Fast by Haldane: USIS' 'Anti-Indian Activities'", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Situation was Misunderstood, Scholars Explain", The Times of India, 20 January 1961; "USIS Explanation does not satisfy Haldane: Protest fast continues", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "USIS Claim Rejected by Haldane: Protest Fast to Continue", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Haldane Not Satisfied with USIS Apology: Fast to Continue", The Free Press Journal, 18 January 1961; "Haldane Goes on Fast In Protest Against U.S. Attitude", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Haldane to continue fast: USIS explanation unsatisfactory", The Times of India, 19 January 1961; "Local boy in hunger strike row", Toronto Star, 20 January 1961; "Haldane, Still on Fast, Loses Weight: U.S.I.S. Act Termed 'Discourteous'", The Indian Express, 20 January 1961; "Haldane Slightly Tired on Third Day of Fast", The Times of India, 21 January 1961; "Haldane Fasts for Fourth Consecutive Day", The Globe and Mail, 22 January 1961
19.Jump up ^ "Boy Scientist Will Collect More Moths", Toronto Telegram, 17 February 1961; "The Boy Who Catches Moths", The Star Weekly, 26 August 1961, pp. 24–29
20.Jump up ^ "Lepidopterologist Botting At Work: Caterpillars Thrive on Vitamins", Peterborough Examiner, 21 July 1964, p. B1; Gagnon, "Introduction," p. xxiii
21.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984, p. ix)
22.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World p. x
23.Jump up ^ "The Orwellian World", pp. 38, 152
24.Jump up ^ T. Gagnon, "Introduction", Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (Houston: Strategic, 2013)
25.Jump up ^ "Preface," The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses, pp. xi–xii
26.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xi–xii
27.Jump up ^ David Spurgeon, "Gary Botting, 17, Boy Biologist, Decides on Life as Missionary", Globe and Mail, Friday 7 April 1961; Weekend Magazine, Vol. 10 No. 40, 1960.
28.Jump up ^ Peterborough Examiner, 17 June 1965, p. 5
29.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Preface", The Orwellian World, pp. xiv–xix; Stanley Oziewicz, "'It's rather like trying to flee Soviet' to get out of Witnesses, author says", Globe and Mail, 21 June 1984
30.Jump up ^ Red Deer: RDC Press, 1975
31.Jump up ^ "Do Jehovah's Witnesses still hold to their 1984 Doomsday deadline?" Christianity Today, 21 September 1984, p. 66
32.Jump up ^ Edmonton Journal, Saturday 1 May 1982, p. D4
33.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, The Succubus, Major Project, Edmonton: University of Alberta Department of Drama, 1982
34.Jump up ^ Bob Bettson, "Witnesses risk future with book", Calgary Herald, Wednesday 23 May 1984
35.Jump up ^ Dwayne Janke, "Book fights JW 'Big Brother ways'", Calgary Herald, 15 May 1984, p. A8; Stephen Weatherbe, "Theocracy girded for the end: An Alberta book says the Jehovah's Witnesses are Orwellian", Alberta Report, 4 June 1984, pp. 34–38
36.Jump up ^ The Observer, January 1985, pp. 62–63
37.Jump up ^ "Former Members of Jehovah's Witness Say Sect Hard To Quit". Ocala Star-Banner. 1984-05-23. Retrieved 2013-01-12.;Norman Sigurdson, "Nothing sinister here despite charges of thought control", Winnipeg Free Press (Saturday 12 May 1984) pp. 54–55; David E. Reid, "Two new books remove part of mystery around Jehovah's Witnesses movement", The Birmingham News, Friday 22 June 1984, p. 2B
38.Jump up ^ "Author meets with Witness president", Lethbridge Herald (Thursday 14 June 1984) p. C8
39.Jump up ^ http://www.questia.com/library/102111748/fundamental-freedoms-and-jehovah-s-witnesses; http://www.garybotting.ca/media/online-books/fundamental-freedoms-and-jehovahs-witnesses/front.pdf
40.Jump up ^ Penton, M. James (December 1994). "Comptes rendus/Reviews of books: Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses Gary Botting Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 1993. xvii + 214 p" (PDF). Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 23. Retrieved 2013-01-13.; Dericquebourg, Régis (1996). "Botting (Gary), Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses". Archives des sciences sociales des religions 94. Retrieved 2013-01-13.
41.Jump up ^ Jim Isbister, "Jehovah's Witness author unnerved by life in 'false religion'", The Advocate, Saturday 6 October 1984, p. 1C; Tihemme Gagnon, "Introduction", Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (Miami: Strategic, 2013), p. xx–xxii.
42.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Evolution and the Bible: Faith in Science or Faith in God a Choice for Man," Peterborough Examiner, 17 June 1965, p. 5
43.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Dualism in the Novels of William Golding," Master's Thesis, St. John's: Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1970
44.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, Extensionism, unpublished ms., 2012
45.Jump up ^ Richard Dawkins, The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution (New York: Free Press,2009), pp. 31n, 147, 211–12, 217, 248–50, 330–331, 418 Gagnon, p. xxi; The Orwellian World, pp. 18–19
46.Jump up ^ The Advocate, serialized weekly column commencing 18 May 1977
47.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "The Descent of 20 Battery", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 31 March 1963; Gary Botting, "The Death or Glory Boys in Macau", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 16 June 1963; Gary Botting, "A Corporal at Ten", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 16 June 1983; Gary Botting, "She's a Bit of Portugal Afloat", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 23 June 1963, p. 26
48.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Hong Kong: Two Faces of the Orient", Peterborough Examiner, 1 February 1964
49.Jump up ^ "Sharks in Lake Ontario—Farley Mowat", The Port Hope Evening Guide, 19 July 1968; "How did I enjoy what swim?" political cartoon, editorial page, Toronto Star, 20 July 1968; Gary Botting, "You'll find Farley Mowat a totally innocent devil", The Advocate, Tuesday, 24 October 1972, p. 3
50.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Reporter went to jail to get the 'inside' story", Peterborough Examiner, 9 April 1966, p. 5, Globe and Mail, 10 April 1966; Gary Botting, "Newsman found that piece of wire could open cell door in county jail", Peterborough Examiner, 11 April 1966, p. 15; Gary Botting, "Health conditions at Victoria County Jail leave much to be desired", 13 April 1966, p.22
51.^ Jump up to: a b Drees, Laurie Meijer (June 2008). "Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom (review)". The Canadian Historical Review 89 (2): 285. doi:10.1353/can.0.0037.
52.Jump up ^ St. John’s: Memorial University of Newfoundland
53.Jump up ^ Red Deer: RDC Press
54.Jump up ^ "Winged Streaker Bears Bum Show," Edmonton Journal, 6 April 1974; "It Had to Happen: RDC sees streak," Red Deer Advocate, 24 May 1974
55.^ Jump up to: a b c RDC Press
56.Jump up ^ Tihemme Gagnon, "Introduction" to Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting, Houston: Strategic, 2014, p. xxix
57.Jump up ^ Harden House of Canada
58.Jump up ^ "Poets Form Tour Circuit", Lethbridge Herald (Friday 21 January 1977), p. 8; "Newsmakers: Dr. Gary Botting", Lethbridge Herald" (Wednesday 7 June 1978) p. 9; "Off the Record: an Anthology of Poetry by Lawyers", James R. Elkins, ed. The Legal Studies Forum, Vol. xxviii, Nos. 1 and 2 (2004), pp. 129–32, 702l "Poetry", Legal Studies Forum, Vol. xxvii, No. 1 (2003), pp. 303–312
59.Jump up ^ Houston: Strategic, 2014
60.Jump up ^ Drake McHugh, "Journal Literary Award Winners: He will produce own play," Edmonton Journal, 4 July 1971, p. D1
61.Jump up ^ Edmonton: Harden House, 1971
62.^ Jump up to: a b Edmonton: Harden House, 1972
63.Jump up ^ Keith Ashwell, "Thesis play a bit clever: Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne by Gary Botting," Edmonton Journal, Saturday May 1, 1982, p. D4
64.Jump up ^ Robert Lee, "Ingenue bares all in play," Advocate, 17 February 1983, p. 1B; "Morality, Nudity mix in Red Deer," Canadian Press, 17 February 1983; "Nude Woman in Morality Play", Lethbridge Herald (Friday 18 February 1983) p. B5; "Sell-out crowds enjoy 'stunning' production of top one-act play", The Advocate (Monday 21 February 1983) p. 2B;
65.Jump up ^ Jim Lozeron, "Sequel jolts Orwell view into reality," Advocate, 15 February 1984, p. 1B
66.Jump up ^ Houston: Strategic, 2015
67.Jump up ^ "Dualism in the Novels of William Golding" (M.A. thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1970)
68.Jump up ^ "Three Grades of Thought in the Novels of William Golding" (doctoral diss., University of Alberta, 1975), published as Thinking As a Hobby: the Novels of William Golding, Red Deer: Red Deer College Press, 1975
69.Jump up ^ See Gary Botting, "Leadership in Lord of the Flies", Gary Botting and M.E. Symons, eds. Leadership: An Anthology (Victoria: Royal Roads University, 1998), pp. 75–89
70.Jump up ^ "Nude Woman in Morality Play", Lethbridge Herald, Friday 18 February 1983, p. B5
71.Jump up ^ "What better year to have a sequel to George Orwell's 1984?" Alberta Report, 19 March 1984, p. 25
72.Jump up ^ Paul G. Boultbee, "Vain Dream to Mainstream: the Growth of Red Deer College Press", Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada, 33/1, p. 51 https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/bsc/article/viewFile/17946/14879
73.Jump up ^ "Citizen of the Year: Dr. Gary Botting," Central Alberta Advisor, Friday 11 May 1984, p. 2
74.Jump up ^ George Melnyk, "Honeymoon with Alta. govt. over", Quill & Quire, January 1976, p. 2
75.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom, Calgary: Fifth House, 1985, p. x
76.Jump up ^ Boatman, Kim (1992-11-27). "A Man Without A Country, Literally". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
77.Jump up ^ Tom Keyser, "Far-right label proves sticky", Calgary Herald, 2 May 1989; Tom Olsen, "Pursley won't quit refugee fight", The Calgary Sun, Tuesday 25 April 1989, p. 18; "White supremacist renews claim for refugee status", Globe and Mail, Tuesday, 24 April 1989, p. A12
78.Jump up ^ Alan Boras, "Pursley lawyer cleared", Calgary Herald, Thursday 8 June 1989, p. B6
79.Jump up ^ http://english.ucalgary.ca/profiles/shaobo-xie
80.Jump up ^ "Ex-'sex slave' sues: She bore her rapist's kids 5 decades ago", The Province, Friday 31 December 1993, p. 1; Gordon Clark, "Horror after horror", The Province, Friday 31 December 1993, p. A5
81.Jump up ^ Barbara McLintock, "Mom sued for failing to halt rapes", The Province, Wednesday 8 February 1995 p. A11
82.Jump up ^ Kim Westad, "Murder suspect seeks judicial review", Times Colonist Friday 17 June 1994, p. B3; Kim Westad, "Refugee bid may mean convict stays", Times Colonist, Wednesday 22 June 1994, p. B1
83.Jump up ^ "Convicted killer sues system for negligence". Waterloo Record. 1994-05-13. Retrieved 2013-01-12.; Gerard Young, "Jailed ex-Mountie sues for $1 million over prison posting", Times Colonist, Friday 13 May 1994, p. A7; Gordon Clark, "Crown ordered to pay killer's ticket to court", The Province, Tuesday 17 May 1994, p. A19; David Lennam, "Convicted murder Patrick Kelly to appear on Donahue", Victoria Regional News, Wednesday 21 September 1994, p. R7
84.Jump up ^ Al Cameron, "Ponton Trial: Shots fired in defence, lawyer contends", Nanaimo Daily Free Press, Tuesday 8 November 1994, p. 3A; Al Cameron, "Death by gun ruled defence", Nanaimo Free Press, Wednesday 16 November 1994, p. 1; "Shooter cleared in slaying", The Province, Wednesday 16 November 1994, p. A20
85.Jump up ^ http://www.pacificfreepress.com/news/1/6129-canadian-demands-for-moratorium-on-extradition-to-us.html
86.Jump up ^ http://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=fd8c2faf-0a82-465f-953f-11f129e2e7e0&sponsor=
87.Jump up ^ "Legal trick could block Emery's extradition". Kelowna News. 2010-05-14. Retrieved 2013-01-12.
88.Jump up ^ http://www.pacificfreepress.com/news/1/10952-charming-the-cobra-the-curious-case-of-mark-wilson.html
89.Jump up ^ http://"Ex-officer told to drop probe of Canadian killed in India" www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2012/10/18/ahsa-goel-doyle-investigation329.html; http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/01/09/extradition-put-to-test-in-honour-killing-case/
90.Jump up ^ http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/story/2012/06/11/bc-stanley-cup-riot-emmanuel-alviar.html; http://www2.macleans.ca/2012/06/12/stanley-cup-rioter-gets-one-month-in-jail/; http://www.news1130.com/2012/06/11/stanley-cup-rioter-sentenced/gary-botting-emmanuel-alviar-lawyer/; http://www.news1130.com/2012/06/11/stanley-cup-rioter-sentenced/
91.Jump up ^ http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Accused+drug+smuggler+ordered+committed+extradition/7972548/story.html
92.Jump up ^ http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/01/12/calgary-man-sues-grandfather-15-years-after-alleged-honour-killing-attempt/; http://www.asianjournal.ca/jan%2013_12/ot_head9.html; http://www.calgarysun.com/2012/01/13/calgary-man-sues-family-over-shooting
93.Jump up ^ See https://circle.ubc.ca/handle/2429/16172 and https://circle.ubc.ca/handle/2429/9402
94.Jump up ^ Botting, Gary Norman Arthur. Executive and judicial discretion in extradition between Canada and the United States. Ph.D. dissertation. University of British Columbia. OCLC 58457191.
95.Jump up ^ "Will There Be Justice for This Canadian Citizen Living a Nightmare?" www.huffingtonpost.ca/larry-rousseau/hassan-diab-b-5324483.html (retrieved 28 October 2014).
96.Jump up ^ New York: Brill, 2005; Ardsley, NY: Transnational, 2005
97.Jump up ^ United States of America v. Ferras, [2006] S.C.J. No. 33, para 41
98.Jump up ^ https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/32772/3/Miller_Bradley_J_201206_PhD_Thesis.pdf, p. 9
99.Jump up ^ Currie, Robert J. (2006). "Gary Botting, 'Extradition between Canada and the United States' (Ardsley: Transnational Publishers, 2005)" (PDF). Revue québécoise de droit international 19 (1). Retrieved 2013-01-12.;Turack, Daniel (June 2006). "Gary Botting, 'Extradition between Canada and the United States' (Ardsley: Transnational Publishers, 2005)". Law & Politics Book Review 16 (6). Retrieved 2013-01-12.
100.Jump up ^ Currie, Robert J. (2006). "'Canadian Extradition Law Practice', by Gary Botting. Markham, Butterworths LexisNexis Canada, 2005. Pp. 720". Ottawa Law Review 37 (1). Retrieved 2013-01-12.; Boyd, Sarah (2012-02-05). "Book Review: Canadian Extradition Law Practice". Prism Magazine. Retrieved 2013-01-12.
101.Jump up ^ Stuttgart, Lambert, 2010
102.Jump up ^ Markham, ON: Butterworths LexisNexis, 2011
103.Jump up ^ Markham, ON: Butterworths LexisNexis
104.Jump up ^ Pheotist, Tim (February 2011). "Wrongfully Convicted: A cry from the heart from a victim of our Canadian Justice system". Pacific Free Press. Retrieved 2012-01-13.
105.Jump up ^ News release, Trent University Alumni Association, 1 April 2015
106.Jump up ^ "About the Author," Gary Botting, Canadian Extradition Law Practice, Fifth Edition (Markham: LexisNexis, 2015), p. ix; "About the Author" in Gary Botting, Campbell's Kids, Houston: Strategic, 2015
External links[edit]
Official website



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: 1943 births
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Botting








Gary Botting

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Gary Botting

Born
Gary Norman Botting
19 July 1943
Frilford Heath, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
Residence
Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada
Nationality
British and Canadian (dual)
Ethnicity
British
Citizenship
Canadian
Education
Studied at Trent University (B.A.), Memorial University of Newfoundland (M.A.), University of Alberta (Ph.D., M.F.A.), University of Calgary (LL.B./J.D.), University of British Columbia (LL.M., Ph.D.)
Alma mater
Trent University
Occupation
Lawyer, legal scholar, journalist, playwright, novelist, poet
Years active
1961–
Employer
South China Morning Post, Peterborough Examiner, University of Alberta, University of Calgary, Simon Fraser University, University of Washington, University of British Columbia
Known for
Appellate lawyer with expertise in extradition and dangerous offenders; critic of Jehovah's Witnesses; plays; poetry
Notable work
The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses, Streaking!, Extradition between Canada and the United States
Religion
None
Spouse(s)
Heather Harden (1966–2000); Virginia ("Ginny") Martin (2011–)
Children
4
Awards
U.S. National Science Fair – International; U.S. National Academy of Sciences; American Institute of Biological Sciences; Alberta Culture playwriting awards; University of British Columbia Paetzold Fellow; Canada Council postdoctoral fellowships (law); Trent University distinguished alumni award (2015)
Gary Norman Arthur Botting (born 19 July 1943)[1] is a Canadian legal scholar and criminal defense lawyer as well as a poet, playwright and critic of literature and religion, in particular Jehovah's Witnesses. The author of more than 30 books, he is one of the country's leading authorities on extradition law.[2] He is said to have had "more experience in battling the extradition system than any other Canadian lawyer."[3][4]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 Entomology
3 Religion
4 Journalist
5 Poet
6 Playwright
7 Professor of English Literature and Creative Writing
8 Lawyer
9 Legal scholar
10 Personal life
11 References
12 External links

Early life[edit]
Botting was born in Oakley House near Royal Air Force Station Abingdon (RAF Abingdon) at Frilford Heath near Oxford, England on 19 July 1943. He was christened in the Church of England Parish Church of St. James the Great in Radley, Berkshire. His father, Pilot Officer Norman Arthur Botting DFC, was killed in action over Germany on 15 September 1943 when he was less than two months old—on his older sister Mavis' second birthday. Following the war, their mother Joan, a teacher, took up residence with Group Captain Leonard Cheshire VC, the father of their younger sister, Elizabeth, at Gumley Hall near Bedford Gardens, Market Harborough, Leicestershire[5] and later she and the children moved with Cheshire to LeCourt, the name of the mansion he had acquired from his aunt in Hampshire.[6] After witnessing the bombing of Nagasaki at the end of World War II, Cheshire, who had been raised high Anglican, began to examine various religions.[7] Joan and he agreed about the nature of God as a person.[8] Joan was baptized as a Jehovah's Witness in September 1948 and expected Cheshire to follow; when he converted to Roman Catholicism later that year instead, she moved with the children back to Radley.[9]
Botting attended the Church of England Primary School in Radley. One day when pedaling back from school he found a "rare and portentous Death's-Head Hawk [moth] (Acherontia atropos)" at the side of the road.[10] Later, in Cambridge, he began collecting moths in earnest.[11] On Elizabeth's eighth birthday, 8 January 1954, the Botting family arrived in Fort Erie, Ontario as immigrants to Canada.[1]
Entomology[edit]
In his early teens Botting began to experiment at home with the hybridization of moths, developing his own technique entailing surgical transplantation of female pheromonal scent sacs.[12] Exhibits of his hybrid moths won top honours at the Ontario (Canada) and United States National Science Fairs two years in a row—in 1960 for "Interesting Variations of the Cynthia Silk Moth", and in 1961 for "Intergeneric Hybridization Among Giant Silk Moths".[13] In particular, he cross-bred the North American Polyphemus moth (then called Telea polyphemus) with Japanese and Indian giant silk moths of the genus Antheraea, pointing out that the Polyphemus moth really belonged to that genus.[14] The Polyphemus moth was subsequently renamed Antheraea polyphemus to accord with his observations.
In the summer of 1960 he was sponsored by the American Institute of Biological Sciences on a lecture tour of the US to explicate his experiments.[15] Later that year the National Academy of Sciences sponsored him on a lecture tour of India.[16] While in India in January 1961, Botting was befriended by J. B. S. Haldane, who decades earlier had applied statistical research to the natural selection of moths.[17] In the 1960s, Haldane's wife, Helen Spurway, was also researching the genetics of giant silk moths of the Antheraea genus. The Haldanes' socialist sympathies disturbed Botting's US host, the United States Information Service (USIS)—the name used outside the US by the United States Information Agency—which summarily cancelled Botting's attendance at a banquet to which the Haldanes had invited him as guest of honour. Haldane protested by going on a hunger strike.[18] Botting received the US National Pest Control Award when he demonstrated that his experiments had practical applications beyond producing finer silk.[19] In 1964 he experimented with feeding caterpillars juvenile hormones and vitamin B12 to keep Luna moths (Actias luna) and Cecropia moths (Hyalophora cecropia) in the larval stage an instar longer than normal, resulting in larger cocoons and larger adult moths.[20]
Religion[edit]
Botting was raised as a Jehovah's Witness. At age five, with his sister Mavis (then seven), Botting began going from house to house distributing The Watchtower and Awake!,[21] and the following year gave his first sermon about "Noah and the Ark", at the Cambridgeshire Labour Hall in Cambridge, England.[22] Mavis and Gary attended the semi-official Theodena Kingdom Boarding School in Suffolk, run by Rhoda Ford, the sister of Percy Ford, at that time the head of Jehovah's Witnesses in Great Britain.[23] Botting's lay preaching continued after his arrival in Canada at age ten. He entered the "industrial arts" (rather than "academic") stream in high school, majoring in drafting and machine shop.[24] In July 1955, Botting was baptized as a "dedicated" Jehovah's Witness at a convention in New York City.[25]
In July 1961, Watch Tower vice-president F.W. Franz assigned Botting the task of smuggling Watchtowers and anti-Francisco Franco tracts into Spain, where Jehovah's Witnesses were banned.[26] From 1961 to 1963, Botting volunteered in Hong Kong as a "pioneer" missionary, supporting himself by working as a journalist for the South China Morning Post.[27] Once he returned from Hong Kong, he attended Trent University to study literature and philosophy. In 1965, the Peterborough Examiner published a full-page editorial on Botting's personal dilemma, "Evolution and the Bible: Faith in Science or Faith in God a Choice for Man."[28] Botting later admitted that his discussions with Haldane in India in 1961 had had a profound effect on his way of looking at the world, although the process of shaking the social imperatives imposed by his religion took decades.[29]
Disenchanted with organized Christian religion in general and Jehovah's Witnesses in particular, in 1975 Botting wrote the semi-autobiographical poem sequence Monomonster in Hell,[30] satirizing his experiences as a missionary and the fact that Armageddon had not arrived by October 1975 as Jehovah's Witnesses had predicted.[31] His play Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne? (1982) depicted the existential struggle and moral dilemma of leaving a fundamentalist sect.[32] Another of his plays first produced by the Department of Drama at the University of Alberta depicted the forming of a covenstead in which the protagonist priestess rejects her fundamentalist background and protects herself and those she loves with charms, spells and rituals.[33]
In 1984, Gary and Heather Botting co-authored The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses,[34] an exposé of the inner workings, shifting doctrines, linguistic quirks and "mental regulating" of members of the group. It graphically compares the religion's closed social paradigms to the "Newspeak" and thought control depicted in Orwell's novel.[35] Critics were generally intrigued by The Orwellian World, Debbie Morgan of the United Church Observer calling it "another warning against the way religious doctrine can be created and used to enslave rather than to free."[36] The Lethbridge Herald called it "jolting and unnerving. Uncanny"; and Carl Rapkins of the New York Tribune described it as "excellent and sophisticated—a rare treat."[37] The book sold out its first edition of 5000 copies within weeks of its release.[38]
In 1993, Botting published Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses,[39] an academic work about Jehovah's Witnesses in Canada and their role in pressing for the development of the Canadian Bill of Rights and what eventually became the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.[40]
By 1982, Botting had accepted Darwinian evolution as indisputable fact.[41] He reconciled his atheism with the promotion of paganism by reference to the suspension of disbelief and the intrinsic validity of the literary arts: poetry, drama and fiction. Pagan religion was a form of theatre that could coexist with a godless yet unfathomably immense and miraculous universe.[42] Both have equal significance to the human psyche; the capacity to appreciate both science and religion simultaneously is a dualistic side-product of human evolution.[43] Ultimately, both are merely extensions of the human mind calibrated using different dimensions of spacetime, one concrete and the other abstract. Rather than regarding himself as an essentialist like Iris Murdoch or an existentialist like Jean-Paul Sartre, Botting has described himself as an extensionist: all things, including human understanding, can be explained as extensions of mind and body in space and time.[44] Like Richard Dawkins, of whose brand of genetic theory—and unabashed atheism—Botting has been a staunch advocate, he was admittedly influenced by the observations and opinions of J. B. S. Haldane.[45]
Journalist[edit]
In September 1961, Botting left Canada for Hong Kong initially to become a missionary for Jehovah's Witnesses; but he had to support himself, and soon became first a proofreader and then a full-time reporter for the South China Morning Post. This led to many adventures which he chronicled in his serialized Occupational Hazard: The Adventures of a Journalist.[46] Soon journalism became a priority and he became one of the main feature writers for the South China Sunday Post-Herald.[47] He returned to Canada and in 1964 began to work for the Peterborough Examiner,[48] then owned by Robertson Davies, at the same time attending Trent University, where he was editor of the student newspaper, Trent Trends, and literary magazine, Tridentine. He became fast friends with Farley Mowat and wrote several features about the popular author, describing their mutual escapades on The Happy Adventure ("The Boat that Wouldn't Float"), including speculation as to whether sharks had invaded Lake Ontario via the newly opened St. Lawrence Seaway.[49] As an investigative reporter, in 1966 Botting opted to serve time in jail rather than pay parking fines so that he could write an exposé on security and health problems at the notorious Victoria County Jail in Ontario—eventually forcing the prison to close.[50] His later work of popular history, Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom, published in 2005 by Fifth House Books, discusses the life of mid-twentieth century Cree leader Bobtail ("Bob") Smallboy of the Ermineskin Cree Nation. Laurie Meijer-Drees, writing for The Canadian Historical Review,[51] praised the book for its use of oral history and family history in shedding more light on its subject, but criticized its portrayal of Smallboy as a "lone leader" with few peers and in particular its failure to put Smallboy in context with major First Nations political movements of the time such as the Indian Association of Alberta.[51]
Poet[edit]
Commencing in the 1960s, Botting published poetry in various literary magazines including Casserole, Hecate's Loom, Issue, Legal Studies Forum, New Thursday, Tridentine—and Umwelt, a Canadian literary magazine which he later satirized in BumweltS: Poems Written in Sexy ’69.[52] His third collection of poems, Streaking! (1974)[53] helped popularize that fad in Canada.[54] Monomonster in Hell (1975)[55] —based loosely on Botting's experiences as a missionary in Hong Kong—satirizes the failed prophecy of Jehovah’s Witnesses, who had anticipated that Armageddon would come by October 2, 1975.[56] Freckled Blue (1976),[55] Lady Godiva on a Plaster Horse (1977)[55] and Lady of My House (1986) [57] are collections of love poems which explore different poetic forms from experimental and concrete poetry to more conventional sonnets and ballads.[58] His complete published poems, including a risqué assortment that appeared in a limited edition of Isabeau: Poems of Lust and Love (2013), were gathered together in Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (2014), edited by screenwriter Tihemme Gagnon.[59]
Playwright[edit]
Beginning as playwright in residence with People & Puppets Incorporated in Edmonton, Alberta in the 1970s, Botting wrote some 30 plays, a dozen of which received awards from the governments of both Canada and Alberta as well as private sponsors such as the Edmonton Journal.[60] He first became active in theatre in the 1960s, when he acted in Academy Theatre and Peterborough Theatre Guild productions in Ontario, Canada. In the late 1960s, he became a theatre and movie critic for the Peterborough Examiner; his essays on and reviews of contemporary Off-Off-Broadway productions were collected in his critique The Theatre of Protest in America.[61]
His first play, written in St. John’s, Newfoundland in 1969, was The School of Night, later published as the award-winning Harriott!,[62] about the occult club formed in the 1590s by Thomas Harriott, Christopher Marlowe and Sir Walter Raleigh. The School of Night and Who Has Seen the Scroll? were first produced in Ontario in 1969–70. Prometheus Rebound,[62] written for the Open Theatre in St. John's, Newfoundland in 1969, was first produced by People & Puppets Incorporated in Edmonton, Alberta in 1971. A sequel to the dramatic poems of Aeschylus and Shelley, Botting's version of the myth portrays Prometheus' punishment for granting man access to nuclear energy.
Botting studied drama, including dramaturgy, in 1971–72 as a minor for his Ph.D. in English Literature, and a decade later received the Master of Fine Arts in playwriting from University of Alberta. Several of his plays were produced by the drama department, including his thesis production, Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne?, exposing the tendency of fundamental Christian ministers to exploit promising members of their sects. Edmonton Journal theater critic Keith Ashwell called Saint Joanne an "incredibly imaginative play": "In dramatizing his experiences he has written a very disquieting piece, that becomes positively uncomfortable at the end."[63] Botting's most popular award-winning plays were Crux (1983), about a nude woman who steadfastly refuses to be talked down out of her tree by her materialistic husband;[64] Winston Agonistes (1984), a sequel to George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-four;[65] and Fathers, first produced in a federal penitentiary by William Head on Stage in Victoria, British Columbia in 1993. Botting continues to write plays for the stage and screen, and in 2015 published a novel, Campbell's Kids.[66]
Professor of English Literature and Creative Writing[edit]
Botting graduated with a B.A. from Trent University with a joint major in philosophy and English literature, then obtained his Master of Arts degree in English from Memorial University of Newfoundland[67] and his PhD in English literature and Master of Fine Arts in drama (playwriting) from the University of Alberta in Edmonton. There, he taught English at the University of Alberta and was producer and playwright-in-residence for People & Puppets Incorporated and Edmonton Summer Theatre—precursors to the Edmonton Fringe Festival. Botting's PhD dissertation was on William Golding,[68] author of Lord of the Flies.[69] From 1972 to 1986 Botting taught English and creative writing at Red Deer College, where he was at various times the college's media relations coordinator, chairman of the English department, editor-in-chief of Red Deer College Press and president of the Faculty Association. He was later remembered by college librarian and fellow thespian Paul Boultbee (who had acted in Botting's plays Crux (1983)[70] and Winston Agonistes (1984))[71] as being a "creative, rebellious faculty member."[72] Be that as it may, Botting was named "Citizen of the Year" by the Central Alberta Allied Arts Council on 5 May 1984.[73]
In the 1970s, Botting was vice-president of Central Alberta Theatre, sat on the executive of the Literary Presses Group and the Canadian Publishers Association, and was founding president of the Alberta Publishers Association.[74] He taught English and creative writing at Maskwachees Cultural College in Hobbema, establishment of which he had initially proposed in the early 1970s.[75] While first setting up his law practice in Victoria in the early 1990s he taught creative writing and English literature for various colleges and universities, including Lakeland College in Alberta and Simon Fraser University in British Columbia.
Lawyer[edit]
Botting entered the University of Calgary Faculty of Law on a Brunet scholarship in 1987. Shortly afterwards he joined the staff of the Institute of Natural Resources Law as a legal researcher. He was elected vice-president of Victims of Law Dilemma (VOLD), an independent watchdog group designed to keep lawyers responsible and to pressure Canadian law societies to appoint lay benchers. As a first-year law student he represented Joel Slater, an American man who became stateless after renouncing US citizenship.[76] When he was in second year, the Law Society of Alberta "investigated" Botting for representing Howard Pursley, an alleged white supremacist refugee claimant who was eventually flown directly from Calgary to Texas in a form of disguised extradition later known as extraordinary rendition.[77] Botting was cleared of any wrongdoing.[78] In his third year, Botting was enlisted by Calgary lawyers Don McLeod and Noel O'Brien to assist them with research in connection with the extradition of Charles Ng—who faced the death penalty for allegedly murdering as many as 25 men, women and children in California. That year Botting also represented the first dozen Chinese students in Canada to be granted refugee status after they publicly protested China's 1989 clampdown on demonstrators in Tiananmen Square.[79] After graduating in 1990, Botting articled in Victoria for Doug Christie.
Notable clients whom Botting has represented include Dorothy Grey-Vik, who five decades after the fact successfully sued her parents' former hired hand for repeatedly raping her, beginning when she was a prepubescent school girl, making her his "sex slave" for two years and fathering her two children (born when she was twelve and thirteen, respectively)[80]—with her parents' complacency and complicity;[81] Gerald Gervasoni, extradited to Florida to face trial for the murder of his girlfriend, whose body was found stuffed under her mother's bed;[82] Patrick Kelly, an RCMP officer convicted of first degree murder for tossing his wife off a 17th story balcony in Toronto who sued the Correctional Service of Canada for negligence for housing him at Kingston Penitentiary without regard to risk arising from his previous status as a police officer;[83] James Ernest Ponton, charged with second degree murder after shooting his victim twice in the back—who was acquitted by a jury on the basis of Botting's argument of self-defence;[84] Clifford Edwards, for whom Botting sought a moratorium on extradition from the Minister of Justice on the grounds that the Canada-US Extradition Treaty has never been ratified by Parliament;[85] Karlheinz Schreiber, a German man who fought extradition from Canada for nearly a decade;[2][86] friends of Marc Emery, a cannabis policy reform activist who consented to his extradition to the United States;[87] Mark Wilson, who won his 2011 extradition appeal on the basis that the extradition judge had refused to admit important evidence;[88] the family of Dr. Asha Goel, an Ontario obstetrician murdered in her sleep while visiting her brother's house in Mumbai, India—the Canadian component of the investigation having been squelched by the Department of Justice;[89] Emmanuel Alviar, who received a one-month jail sentence for his part in the 2011 Stanley Cup Riot in Vancouver;[90] Sean Doak, who is currently fighting extradition to the United States for allegedly leading a drug smuggling ring while incarcerated in a federal penitentiary;[91] and Brinder Rai, a Calgary man suing his grandfather, father and other relatives for allegedly conspiring to shoot him in the back at close range with a shotgun in an "honour killing" attempt.[92]
Legal scholar[edit]
Botting completed his Master of Laws in 1999 and a second PhD, in law, in 2004 at the University of British Columbia,[93] and went on to publish a number of scholarly works on Canadian and international law.[94] He was recognized as "Canada's leading legal scholar on extradition law" by Larry Rousseau, executive vice president of the Public Service Alliance of Canada.[95] His U.S.-published Extradition between Canada and the United States,[96] cited by the Supreme Court of Canada,[97] criticized Canada's level of cooperation with the United States in international criminal matters, arguing that Canada's policy of placing international comity over individual rights had dangerously expanded executive discretion and damaged human rights protections.[98] The book received favourable reviews in the Law & Politics Book Review and the Revue québécoise de droit international.[99] Another of his works on extradition law, Canadian Extradition Law Practice, which has gone through five editions, contains broader criticisms of Canada's network of extradition treaties, in particular of the erosion of the double criminality requirement.[100] His Extradition: Individual Rights vs. International Obligations, published in Stuttgart, Germany, was released in 2010,[101] and Halbury's Laws of Canada: Extradition and Mutual Legal Assistance the following year.[102] His Wrongful Conviction in Canadian Law (2010)[103] examines Canadian commissions of inquiry into miscarriage of justice. The book's foreword was written by David Milgaard, who was convicted of a murder he did not commit and spent 23 years in prison.[104] Botting spent four years as a visiting scholar and post-doctoral fellow at University of Washington School of Law in Seattle and another year as research associate at the University of British Columbia – where he is a Paetzold Fellow – before returning to private practice in British Columbia in 2009. In April 2015 he was granted a Trent University Distinguished Alumnus lifetime achievement award for his legal scholarship and literary skills.[105] The citation noted that Botting "is recognized as one of the most prolific legal scholars in Canada, the 'go to' expert in Canada on extradition, and a writer of immense talent."[3][4]
Personal life[edit]
Botting has four children by his first wife, Dr Heather Botting. They were divorced in 1999. In 2011, Botting married Australian-Canadian speech language pathologist Virginia ("Ginny") Martin.[106] Now in his seventies, he continues to practice extradition and appellate law in Vancouver, British Columbia.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Profile: Gary Botting". ABC Bookworld. 2011. Retrieved 2012-11-09.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Greenway, Norma (2009-07-06). "Schreiber challenges extradition treaty". The Windsor Star. Retrieved 2013-01-11.;http://www.thefilipinopost.com/article/1642-another-kick-chingkoe-can.html; http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/opinion/blogs/giroday/; Sarah Boyd, "Book Review: Canadian Extradition Law Practice", Prism Magazine, 5 February 2012, http://prism-magazine.com/2012/02/book-review-canadian-extradition-law-practice/
3.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Cobb, "Canada's extradition law: A legal conundrum," Ottawa Citizen, 15 November 2014 http://ottawacitizen.com/news/local-news/canadas-extradition-law-a-legal-condundrum, accessed 16 November 2014
4.^ Jump up to: a b Trent University Alumni Awards and Honours, 18 April 2015, http://www.trentu.ca/alumni/awardsandhonours_awards.php, accessed 1 May 2015 9:44 AM
5.Jump up ^ The Face of Victory(London: Hutchinson, 1961) p. 69; Richard Morris, Cheshire: The Biography of Leonard Cheshire, VC, OM (London: Viking, 2000), pp. 237–240
6.Jump up ^ Morris (2000), pp. 242–260
7.Jump up ^ The Face of Victory, pp. 104–110
8.Jump up ^ The Face of Victory, pp. 47, 55–56; Russell Braddon Cheshire V.C. (London: Evans, 1954) p. 135
9.Jump up ^ The Face of Victory, pp. 57–58, 95–98, 148–151
10.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Preface", Heather and Gary Botting, The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984), p. xii
11.Jump up ^ "Gary's Open Window Way to Science Prize", Toronto Telegram, 2 May 1960, page 1
12.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Preface" to The Orwellian World, p. xiii
13.Jump up ^ "City Student Earns Praise for Work in Studying, Breeding Silk Moths", Peterborough Examiner, 2 May 1960; "Gary's Open Window Way to Science Prize", Toronto Telegram, 2 May 1960, page 1; "Ontario Boy Wins Top Spot in Science Fair", Toronto Telegram, 13 May 1960; "Science Fair Winners", Science Newsletter, 28 May 1960; "Bright Youth Brighter Today", Weekend Magazine, Vol. 10, No. 40, 1960
14.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Intergeneric hybridization among giant silk moths", Exhibit, U.S. National Science Fair—International, 1961
15.Jump up ^ "Moths Wing Lad to Oklahoma", Toronto Telegram, 16 June 1960; "Student to be Guest of U.S. Institute", Globe and Mail, 16 June 1960; "PCVS student receives fresh recognition", Peterborough Examiner, 2 September 1960
16.Jump up ^ "Young Expert on Moths Invited to India Talks", Toronto Telegram, 29 December 1960; "Boy Collector: Moths Win Gary World Trip", Evening News, 29 December 1960; "Young City Moth Expert Flies to India", Peterborough Examiner, 30 December 1960; "Noted U.S. Scientists Address Roorkee Meeting", American Reporter, 11 January 1961; "Biology Students in India", The American Biology Teacher, Vol. 23 No. 6 (October 1961) p. 364; http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4439623?uid=3739400&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=3737720&uid=4&sid=21101589318023; "Moths Going to India". The Windsor Star. 1960-10-22. Retrieved 2013-01-12.; "Moth Expert, 17, invited to India", Winnipeg Free Press (Tuesday 25 October 1960)
17.Jump up ^ http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/ridley/classictexts/haldane2.pdf
18.Jump up ^ "Haldane on Fast: Insult by USIS Alleged", The Times of India, 19 January 1961; "Protest Fast by Haldane: USIS' 'Anti-Indian Activities'", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Situation was Misunderstood, Scholars Explain", The Times of India, 20 January 1961; "USIS Explanation does not satisfy Haldane: Protest fast continues", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "USIS Claim Rejected by Haldane: Protest Fast to Continue", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Haldane Not Satisfied with USIS Apology: Fast to Continue", The Free Press Journal, 18 January 1961; "Haldane Goes on Fast In Protest Against U.S. Attitude", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Haldane to continue fast: USIS explanation unsatisfactory", The Times of India, 19 January 1961; "Local boy in hunger strike row", Toronto Star, 20 January 1961; "Haldane, Still on Fast, Loses Weight: U.S.I.S. Act Termed 'Discourteous'", The Indian Express, 20 January 1961; "Haldane Slightly Tired on Third Day of Fast", The Times of India, 21 January 1961; "Haldane Fasts for Fourth Consecutive Day", The Globe and Mail, 22 January 1961
19.Jump up ^ "Boy Scientist Will Collect More Moths", Toronto Telegram, 17 February 1961; "The Boy Who Catches Moths", The Star Weekly, 26 August 1961, pp. 24–29
20.Jump up ^ "Lepidopterologist Botting At Work: Caterpillars Thrive on Vitamins", Peterborough Examiner, 21 July 1964, p. B1; Gagnon, "Introduction," p. xxiii
21.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984, p. ix)
22.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World p. x
23.Jump up ^ "The Orwellian World", pp. 38, 152
24.Jump up ^ T. Gagnon, "Introduction", Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (Houston: Strategic, 2013)
25.Jump up ^ "Preface," The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses, pp. xi–xii
26.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xi–xii
27.Jump up ^ David Spurgeon, "Gary Botting, 17, Boy Biologist, Decides on Life as Missionary", Globe and Mail, Friday 7 April 1961; Weekend Magazine, Vol. 10 No. 40, 1960.
28.Jump up ^ Peterborough Examiner, 17 June 1965, p. 5
29.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Preface", The Orwellian World, pp. xiv–xix; Stanley Oziewicz, "'It's rather like trying to flee Soviet' to get out of Witnesses, author says", Globe and Mail, 21 June 1984
30.Jump up ^ Red Deer: RDC Press, 1975
31.Jump up ^ "Do Jehovah's Witnesses still hold to their 1984 Doomsday deadline?" Christianity Today, 21 September 1984, p. 66
32.Jump up ^ Edmonton Journal, Saturday 1 May 1982, p. D4
33.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, The Succubus, Major Project, Edmonton: University of Alberta Department of Drama, 1982
34.Jump up ^ Bob Bettson, "Witnesses risk future with book", Calgary Herald, Wednesday 23 May 1984
35.Jump up ^ Dwayne Janke, "Book fights JW 'Big Brother ways'", Calgary Herald, 15 May 1984, p. A8; Stephen Weatherbe, "Theocracy girded for the end: An Alberta book says the Jehovah's Witnesses are Orwellian", Alberta Report, 4 June 1984, pp. 34–38
36.Jump up ^ The Observer, January 1985, pp. 62–63
37.Jump up ^ "Former Members of Jehovah's Witness Say Sect Hard To Quit". Ocala Star-Banner. 1984-05-23. Retrieved 2013-01-12.;Norman Sigurdson, "Nothing sinister here despite charges of thought control", Winnipeg Free Press (Saturday 12 May 1984) pp. 54–55; David E. Reid, "Two new books remove part of mystery around Jehovah's Witnesses movement", The Birmingham News, Friday 22 June 1984, p. 2B
38.Jump up ^ "Author meets with Witness president", Lethbridge Herald (Thursday 14 June 1984) p. C8
39.Jump up ^ http://www.questia.com/library/102111748/fundamental-freedoms-and-jehovah-s-witnesses; http://www.garybotting.ca/media/online-books/fundamental-freedoms-and-jehovahs-witnesses/front.pdf
40.Jump up ^ Penton, M. James (December 1994). "Comptes rendus/Reviews of books: Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses Gary Botting Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 1993. xvii + 214 p" (PDF). Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 23. Retrieved 2013-01-13.; Dericquebourg, Régis (1996). "Botting (Gary), Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses". Archives des sciences sociales des religions 94. Retrieved 2013-01-13.
41.Jump up ^ Jim Isbister, "Jehovah's Witness author unnerved by life in 'false religion'", The Advocate, Saturday 6 October 1984, p. 1C; Tihemme Gagnon, "Introduction", Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (Miami: Strategic, 2013), p. xx–xxii.
42.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Evolution and the Bible: Faith in Science or Faith in God a Choice for Man," Peterborough Examiner, 17 June 1965, p. 5
43.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Dualism in the Novels of William Golding," Master's Thesis, St. John's: Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1970
44.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, Extensionism, unpublished ms., 2012
45.Jump up ^ Richard Dawkins, The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution (New York: Free Press,2009), pp. 31n, 147, 211–12, 217, 248–50, 330–331, 418 Gagnon, p. xxi; The Orwellian World, pp. 18–19
46.Jump up ^ The Advocate, serialized weekly column commencing 18 May 1977
47.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "The Descent of 20 Battery", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 31 March 1963; Gary Botting, "The Death or Glory Boys in Macau", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 16 June 1963; Gary Botting, "A Corporal at Ten", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 16 June 1983; Gary Botting, "She's a Bit of Portugal Afloat", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 23 June 1963, p. 26
48.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Hong Kong: Two Faces of the Orient", Peterborough Examiner, 1 February 1964
49.Jump up ^ "Sharks in Lake Ontario—Farley Mowat", The Port Hope Evening Guide, 19 July 1968; "How did I enjoy what swim?" political cartoon, editorial page, Toronto Star, 20 July 1968; Gary Botting, "You'll find Farley Mowat a totally innocent devil", The Advocate, Tuesday, 24 October 1972, p. 3
50.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, "Reporter went to jail to get the 'inside' story", Peterborough Examiner, 9 April 1966, p. 5, Globe and Mail, 10 April 1966; Gary Botting, "Newsman found that piece of wire could open cell door in county jail", Peterborough Examiner, 11 April 1966, p. 15; Gary Botting, "Health conditions at Victoria County Jail leave much to be desired", 13 April 1966, p.22
51.^ Jump up to: a b Drees, Laurie Meijer (June 2008). "Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom (review)". The Canadian Historical Review 89 (2): 285. doi:10.1353/can.0.0037.
52.Jump up ^ St. John’s: Memorial University of Newfoundland
53.Jump up ^ Red Deer: RDC Press
54.Jump up ^ "Winged Streaker Bears Bum Show," Edmonton Journal, 6 April 1974; "It Had to Happen: RDC sees streak," Red Deer Advocate, 24 May 1974
55.^ Jump up to: a b c RDC Press
56.Jump up ^ Tihemme Gagnon, "Introduction" to Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting, Houston: Strategic, 2014, p. xxix
57.Jump up ^ Harden House of Canada
58.Jump up ^ "Poets Form Tour Circuit", Lethbridge Herald (Friday 21 January 1977), p. 8; "Newsmakers: Dr. Gary Botting", Lethbridge Herald" (Wednesday 7 June 1978) p. 9; "Off the Record: an Anthology of Poetry by Lawyers", James R. Elkins, ed. The Legal Studies Forum, Vol. xxviii, Nos. 1 and 2 (2004), pp. 129–32, 702l "Poetry", Legal Studies Forum, Vol. xxvii, No. 1 (2003), pp. 303–312
59.Jump up ^ Houston: Strategic, 2014
60.Jump up ^ Drake McHugh, "Journal Literary Award Winners: He will produce own play," Edmonton Journal, 4 July 1971, p. D1
61.Jump up ^ Edmonton: Harden House, 1971
62.^ Jump up to: a b Edmonton: Harden House, 1972
63.Jump up ^ Keith Ashwell, "Thesis play a bit clever: Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne by Gary Botting," Edmonton Journal, Saturday May 1, 1982, p. D4
64.Jump up ^ Robert Lee, "Ingenue bares all in play," Advocate, 17 February 1983, p. 1B; "Morality, Nudity mix in Red Deer," Canadian Press, 17 February 1983; "Nude Woman in Morality Play", Lethbridge Herald (Friday 18 February 1983) p. B5; "Sell-out crowds enjoy 'stunning' production of top one-act play", The Advocate (Monday 21 February 1983) p. 2B;
65.Jump up ^ Jim Lozeron, "Sequel jolts Orwell view into reality," Advocate, 15 February 1984, p. 1B
66.Jump up ^ Houston: Strategic, 2015
67.Jump up ^ "Dualism in the Novels of William Golding" (M.A. thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1970)
68.Jump up ^ "Three Grades of Thought in the Novels of William Golding" (doctoral diss., University of Alberta, 1975), published as Thinking As a Hobby: the Novels of William Golding, Red Deer: Red Deer College Press, 1975
69.Jump up ^ See Gary Botting, "Leadership in Lord of the Flies", Gary Botting and M.E. Symons, eds. Leadership: An Anthology (Victoria: Royal Roads University, 1998), pp. 75–89
70.Jump up ^ "Nude Woman in Morality Play", Lethbridge Herald, Friday 18 February 1983, p. B5
71.Jump up ^ "What better year to have a sequel to George Orwell's 1984?" Alberta Report, 19 March 1984, p. 25
72.Jump up ^ Paul G. Boultbee, "Vain Dream to Mainstream: the Growth of Red Deer College Press", Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada, 33/1, p. 51 https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/bsc/article/viewFile/17946/14879
73.Jump up ^ "Citizen of the Year: Dr. Gary Botting," Central Alberta Advisor, Friday 11 May 1984, p. 2
74.Jump up ^ George Melnyk, "Honeymoon with Alta. govt. over", Quill & Quire, January 1976, p. 2
75.Jump up ^ Gary Botting, Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom, Calgary: Fifth House, 1985, p. x
76.Jump up ^ Boatman, Kim (1992-11-27). "A Man Without A Country, Literally". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
77.Jump up ^ Tom Keyser, "Far-right label proves sticky", Calgary Herald, 2 May 1989; Tom Olsen, "Pursley won't quit refugee fight", The Calgary Sun, Tuesday 25 April 1989, p. 18; "White supremacist renews claim for refugee status", Globe and Mail, Tuesday, 24 April 1989, p. A12
78.Jump up ^ Alan Boras, "Pursley lawyer cleared", Calgary Herald, Thursday 8 June 1989, p. B6
79.Jump up ^ http://english.ucalgary.ca/profiles/shaobo-xie
80.Jump up ^ "Ex-'sex slave' sues: She bore her rapist's kids 5 decades ago", The Province, Friday 31 December 1993, p. 1; Gordon Clark, "Horror after horror", The Province, Friday 31 December 1993, p. A5
81.Jump up ^ Barbara McLintock, "Mom sued for failing to halt rapes", The Province, Wednesday 8 February 1995 p. A11
82.Jump up ^ Kim Westad, "Murder suspect seeks judicial review", Times Colonist Friday 17 June 1994, p. B3; Kim Westad, "Refugee bid may mean convict stays", Times Colonist, Wednesday 22 June 1994, p. B1
83.Jump up ^ "Convicted killer sues system for negligence". Waterloo Record. 1994-05-13. Retrieved 2013-01-12.; Gerard Young, "Jailed ex-Mountie sues for $1 million over prison posting", Times Colonist, Friday 13 May 1994, p. A7; Gordon Clark, "Crown ordered to pay killer's ticket to court", The Province, Tuesday 17 May 1994, p. A19; David Lennam, "Convicted murder Patrick Kelly to appear on Donahue", Victoria Regional News, Wednesday 21 September 1994, p. R7
84.Jump up ^ Al Cameron, "Ponton Trial: Shots fired in defence, lawyer contends", Nanaimo Daily Free Press, Tuesday 8 November 1994, p. 3A; Al Cameron, "Death by gun ruled defence", Nanaimo Free Press, Wednesday 16 November 1994, p. 1; "Shooter cleared in slaying", The Province, Wednesday 16 November 1994, p. A20
85.Jump up ^ http://www.pacificfreepress.com/news/1/6129-canadian-demands-for-moratorium-on-extradition-to-us.html
86.Jump up ^ http://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=fd8c2faf-0a82-465f-953f-11f129e2e7e0&sponsor=
87.Jump up ^ "Legal trick could block Emery's extradition". Kelowna News. 2010-05-14. Retrieved 2013-01-12.
88.Jump up ^ http://www.pacificfreepress.com/news/1/10952-charming-the-cobra-the-curious-case-of-mark-wilson.html
89.Jump up ^ http://"Ex-officer told to drop probe of Canadian killed in India" www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2012/10/18/ahsa-goel-doyle-investigation329.html; http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/01/09/extradition-put-to-test-in-honour-killing-case/
90.Jump up ^ http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/story/2012/06/11/bc-stanley-cup-riot-emmanuel-alviar.html; http://www2.macleans.ca/2012/06/12/stanley-cup-rioter-gets-one-month-in-jail/; http://www.news1130.com/2012/06/11/stanley-cup-rioter-sentenced/gary-botting-emmanuel-alviar-lawyer/; http://www.news1130.com/2012/06/11/stanley-cup-rioter-sentenced/
91.Jump up ^ http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Accused+drug+smuggler+ordered+committed+extradition/7972548/story.html
92.Jump up ^ http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/01/12/calgary-man-sues-grandfather-15-years-after-alleged-honour-killing-attempt/; http://www.asianjournal.ca/jan%2013_12/ot_head9.html; http://www.calgarysun.com/2012/01/13/calgary-man-sues-family-over-shooting
93.Jump up ^ See https://circle.ubc.ca/handle/2429/16172 and https://circle.ubc.ca/handle/2429/9402
94.Jump up ^ Botting, Gary Norman Arthur. Executive and judicial discretion in extradition between Canada and the United States. Ph.D. dissertation. University of British Columbia. OCLC 58457191.
95.Jump up ^ "Will There Be Justice for This Canadian Citizen Living a Nightmare?" www.huffingtonpost.ca/larry-rousseau/hassan-diab-b-5324483.html (retrieved 28 October 2014).
96.Jump up ^ New York: Brill, 2005; Ardsley, NY: Transnational, 2005
97.Jump up ^ United States of America v. Ferras, [2006] S.C.J. No. 33, para 41
98.Jump up ^ https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/32772/3/Miller_Bradley_J_201206_PhD_Thesis.pdf, p. 9
99.Jump up ^ Currie, Robert J. (2006). "Gary Botting, 'Extradition between Canada and the United States' (Ardsley: Transnational Publishers, 2005)" (PDF). Revue québécoise de droit international 19 (1). Retrieved 2013-01-12.;Turack, Daniel (June 2006). "Gary Botting, 'Extradition between Canada and the United States' (Ardsley: Transnational Publishers, 2005)". Law & Politics Book Review 16 (6). Retrieved 2013-01-12.
100.Jump up ^ Currie, Robert J. (2006). "'Canadian Extradition Law Practice', by Gary Botting. Markham, Butterworths LexisNexis Canada, 2005. Pp. 720". Ottawa Law Review 37 (1). Retrieved 2013-01-12.; Boyd, Sarah (2012-02-05). "Book Review: Canadian Extradition Law Practice". Prism Magazine. Retrieved 2013-01-12.
101.Jump up ^ Stuttgart, Lambert, 2010
102.Jump up ^ Markham, ON: Butterworths LexisNexis, 2011
103.Jump up ^ Markham, ON: Butterworths LexisNexis
104.Jump up ^ Pheotist, Tim (February 2011). "Wrongfully Convicted: A cry from the heart from a victim of our Canadian Justice system". Pacific Free Press. Retrieved 2012-01-13.
105.Jump up ^ News release, Trent University Alumni Association, 1 April 2015
106.Jump up ^ "About the Author," Gary Botting, Canadian Extradition Law Practice, Fifth Edition (Markham: LexisNexis, 2015), p. ix; "About the Author" in Gary Botting, Campbell's Kids, Houston: Strategic, 2015
External links[edit]
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Botting









Heather Botting

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Jump to: navigation, search

Heather Denise Botting, née Harden, born 21 September 1948, is a professor of anthropology at the University of Victoria in British Columbia. The original high priestess of Coven Celeste, she is a founding elder of the Canadian Aquarian Tabernacle Church[1] and was the first recognized Wiccan chaplain in a public university.[2]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses
3 University of Victoria
4 Coven Celeste
5 Aquarian Tabernacle Church
6 Private life
7 References

Early life[edit]
Heather Harden was born in Newmarket, Ontario of mixed Assiniboine-Sioux and English-Canadian heritage; her paternal grandmother was a Quaker. She was brought up a Jehovah's Witness, living on a small farm on the outskirts of Newmarket, where her parents raised chickens, pigs and ponies. She was heavily involved in 4-H projects and showed the neighbor's Ayrshire cattle. At 14 she was involved in a near-fatal car accident, an experience which was to shape her future university research interests. At 15, she met her future husband, Gary Botting, at a cousin's wedding.[3] Conforming to the instructions of the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society, the controlling corporation of Jehovah's Witnesses, at high school she opted for the "special commercial" (as opposed to academic) program.[4] Since their potential union suffered the disapprobation of their respective parents, Heather and Gary eloped in October, 1966—only to discover that nobody had noticed, and it became inconvenient to tell anyone. As a result, they got married a second time, this time publicly, on 1 April 1967 when they realized that "April Fool's Day" fell on a Saturday, thereby generating a self-perpetuating April Fool's joke.[5][6] Only then did Heather return to high school, intent on eventually enrolling in university.
The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses[edit]
Heather Botting attended Memorial University of Newfoundland and Trent University, majoring in anthropology. At the University of Alberta, she received the highest marks in the entire university, guaranteeing her a prestigious Killam Scholarship for graduate studies.[7] She completed her Master of Arts and Ph.D. degrees in the anthropology of religion with research on Jehovah's Witnesses—the religion she had left behind. Her dissertation "The Power and the Glory: The Symbolic Vision and Social Dynamic of Jehovah's Witnesses"[8] is an analysis of the power relations operative within Jehovah's Witnesses, focusing on a specific microsociety of individuals within the movement, "showing the levels of involvement, commitment, and status achieved within the sect by each person in the microsociety."[9] The raw research data for her dissertation was collected over a nine-year period from 1973 to 1982, and continued to be collected until she and Gary published The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses through University of Toronto Press in 1984.[10] The book is an exposé of "Witness history, beliefs, and social imperatives,"[11] but more importantly focuses on the shifting doctrines and "mental regulating" of Witnesses through isolationism and dogma, comparing the Watch Tower Society's closed social paradigms with the thought control depicted by George Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four.[12] Debbie Morgan of the United Church Observer called it a "warning against the way religious doctrine can be created and used to enslave rather than to free."[13] Carl Rapkins of the New York Tribune described it as "excellent and sophisticated—a rare treat."[14] The book sold out its first edition of 5000 copies within weeks of its release.[15] Shunned by her many Jehovah's Witness relatives, Botting focused her attention on developing a spiritual religion based on the paganism that her relatives so abhorred.
University of Victoria[edit]
Botting received a second Master of Arts Degree in Religious Studies with a thesis on near death experiences from the University of Calgary before moving with her lawyer husband, Gary Botting, to Victoria, where she joined the faculty of University of Victoria as an anthropology professor,[16] teaching folklore, anthropology of religion and social justice.[17] Shortly after joining the faculty of University of Victoria, she was appointed as chaplain—the first recognized Wiccan university chaplain in North America.[18][19]
Coven Celeste[edit]
In the summer of 1966, Heather Harden met her fiance's maternal grandmother, Lysbeth Turner (née Rendle), the younger sister of Thomas Edward Rendle VC the first infantryman to receive the Victoria Cross in the First World War. After answering the "call to arms" of Gerald Gardner (Wiccan) in 1940—when witches from across the south of England met in the New Forest for the purpose of casting a protective charm over England and a spell on Hitler's nefarious designs—Lysbeth Turner had become Gardner's London-based High Priestess. She had introduced Gary Botting to Gardner in 1953.[20] Realizing that most of her Canadian family had become committed Jehovah's Witnesses, in 1966 Lysbeth expressed concern to Heather that her tradition of the "Old Religion" (i.e. Wicca) would be lost forever. Heather had empathy for this situation, since she had grown up in Ontario in the 1950s, when it was not fashionable to admit one's First Nations heritage (in her case, Assiniboine-Sioux). Despite her being a Jehovah's Witness, Heather rose to the challenge, abandoned the faith of her youth and was initiated into Witchcraft. Once they were married later that year, Gary and Heather Botting established Coven Celeste in Peterborough, Ontario - the first Wiccan coven in Canada. However because of the severe social strictures placed upon them by Jehovah's Witnesses, including fear of being disfellowshipped, they stayed in the "broom closet" for years—the "gestation period" of Coven Celeste—discussing their new faith only with fellow pagans.[21]
The coven came to full development in Sylvan Lake, Alberta, from where it "hived," with different members of the coven moving away, taking its traditions with them. Over the next 40 years it went through several permutations, spreading from Ontario east to Newfoundland and west to British Columbia, north to the Northwest Territories, and south as far as Corpus Christi, Texas. In keeping with the matrilineal tradition explained to Heather by Lysbeth Turner, Coven Celeste has been passed on to Heather's granddaughters, Phaydra and Ariadne.[22]
Aquarian Tabernacle Church[edit]
Michele Favarger attended Coven Celeste rituals in Alberta in 1982 and subsequently formed the Canadian Aquarian Tabernacle Church ("ATC") on Vancouver Island, inviting Heather Botting (as "Lady Aurora") and Gary Botting (as "Lord Pan") to become founding elders. The Bottings and Favarger, along with Favarger's partner and high priest Erik Lindblad, successfully campaigned the Province of British Columbia to recognize Wiccan weddings.[23] By 1995 Coven Celeste had become one of the mainstay covens of Temple of the Lady in Victoria, BC, and the ATC was conducting a prison ministry and most pagan weddings in the province—mostly led by Arch-Priestess Michele Favarger and High Priestess Lady Aurora.[24] Heather Botting is currently High Priestess of Circle of the Wolfsong, the Victoria branch of the ATC. Her husband, Denis O'Brien, is the coven's high priest.[25]
Private life[edit]
Heather and Gary Botting have four children, Tanya (born 1970), Trent (born 1975), Thomas (born 1979) and Tharian (born 1983).[26] They were divorced in 1999. In 2000, Heather married social worker Denis O'Brien, a Wiccan of mixed Mohawk and Irish ancestry. They live in greater Victoria.[27]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.aquariantabernaclechurch.org/atc-affiliates-canada
2.Jump up ^ Douglas Todd, "University of Victoria chaplain marks solstice with pagan rituals," Vancouver Sun, 16 December 2010, http://blogs.vancouversun.com/2010/12/16/pagans-celebrate-solstice-with-yule-rituals/
3.Jump up ^ Heather and Gary Botting, The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984), p. xx
4.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xx
5.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xxi
6.Jump up ^ Tihemme Gagnon, "Introduction" to Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting, Miami: Strategic, 2014
7.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xxiv
8.Jump up ^ University of Alberta, Ph.D. diss. 1982
9.Jump up ^ Heather and Gary Botting, The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984) p. xxi
10.Jump up ^ Bob Bettson, "Witnesses risk future with book", Calgary Herald, Wednesday 23 May 1984
11.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xxi
12.Jump up ^ Dwayne Janke, "Book fights JW 'Big Brother ways'", Calgary Herald, 15 May 1984, p. A8; Stephen Weatherbe, "Theocracy girded for the end: An Alberta book says the Jehovah's Witnesses are Orwellian", Alberta Report, 4 June 1984, pp. 34-38
13.Jump up ^ The Observer, January 1985, pp. 62-63
14.Jump up ^ "Former Members of Jehovah's Witness Say Sect Hard To Quit". Ocala Star-Banner. 1984-05-23. Retrieved 2013-01-12.;Norman Sigurdson, "Nothing sinister here despite charges of thought control", Winnipeg Free Press (Saturday 12 May 1984) pp. 54-55; David E. Reid, "Two new books remove part of mystery around Jehovah's Witnesses movement", The Birmingham News, Friday 22 June 1984, p. 2B
15.Jump up ^ "Author meets with Witness president", Lethbridge Herald (Thursday 14 June 1984) p. C8
16.Jump up ^ http://anthropology.uvic.ca/people/faculty/botting.php
17.Jump up ^ http://anthropology.uvic.ca/people/faculty/
18.Jump up ^ Todd, http://blogs.vancouversun.com/2010/12/16/pagans-celebrate-solstice-with-yule-rituals/
19.Jump up ^ http://www.atccanada.org/services/wiccan-chaplaincy/
20.Jump up ^ Coven Celeste, Wicca, Aquarian Tabernacle Church
21.Jump up ^ Coven Celeste
22.Jump up ^ Heather Botting
23.Jump up ^ Douglas Todd, "University of Victoria chaplain marks solstice with pagan rituals," Vancouver Sun, 16 December 2010
24.Jump up ^ Todd; http://theroadtoemmaus.org/RdLb/21PbAr/Apl/NeoPgn.htm
25.Jump up ^ http://www.aquariantabernaclechurch.org/atc-affiliates-canada
26.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xxiv
27.Jump up ^ http://www.aquariantabernaclechurch.org/atc-affiliates-canada






 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heather_Botting










Heather Botting

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Heather Denise Botting, née Harden, born 21 September 1948, is a professor of anthropology at the University of Victoria in British Columbia. The original high priestess of Coven Celeste, she is a founding elder of the Canadian Aquarian Tabernacle Church[1] and was the first recognized Wiccan chaplain in a public university.[2]


Contents  [hide]
1 Early life
2 The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses
3 University of Victoria
4 Coven Celeste
5 Aquarian Tabernacle Church
6 Private life
7 References

Early life[edit]
Heather Harden was born in Newmarket, Ontario of mixed Assiniboine-Sioux and English-Canadian heritage; her paternal grandmother was a Quaker. She was brought up a Jehovah's Witness, living on a small farm on the outskirts of Newmarket, where her parents raised chickens, pigs and ponies. She was heavily involved in 4-H projects and showed the neighbor's Ayrshire cattle. At 14 she was involved in a near-fatal car accident, an experience which was to shape her future university research interests. At 15, she met her future husband, Gary Botting, at a cousin's wedding.[3] Conforming to the instructions of the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society, the controlling corporation of Jehovah's Witnesses, at high school she opted for the "special commercial" (as opposed to academic) program.[4] Since their potential union suffered the disapprobation of their respective parents, Heather and Gary eloped in October, 1966—only to discover that nobody had noticed, and it became inconvenient to tell anyone. As a result, they got married a second time, this time publicly, on 1 April 1967 when they realized that "April Fool's Day" fell on a Saturday, thereby generating a self-perpetuating April Fool's joke.[5][6] Only then did Heather return to high school, intent on eventually enrolling in university.
The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses[edit]
Heather Botting attended Memorial University of Newfoundland and Trent University, majoring in anthropology. At the University of Alberta, she received the highest marks in the entire university, guaranteeing her a prestigious Killam Scholarship for graduate studies.[7] She completed her Master of Arts and Ph.D. degrees in the anthropology of religion with research on Jehovah's Witnesses—the religion she had left behind. Her dissertation "The Power and the Glory: The Symbolic Vision and Social Dynamic of Jehovah's Witnesses"[8] is an analysis of the power relations operative within Jehovah's Witnesses, focusing on a specific microsociety of individuals within the movement, "showing the levels of involvement, commitment, and status achieved within the sect by each person in the microsociety."[9] The raw research data for her dissertation was collected over a nine-year period from 1973 to 1982, and continued to be collected until she and Gary published The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses through University of Toronto Press in 1984.[10] The book is an exposé of "Witness history, beliefs, and social imperatives,"[11] but more importantly focuses on the shifting doctrines and "mental regulating" of Witnesses through isolationism and dogma, comparing the Watch Tower Society's closed social paradigms with the thought control depicted by George Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four.[12] Debbie Morgan of the United Church Observer called it a "warning against the way religious doctrine can be created and used to enslave rather than to free."[13] Carl Rapkins of the New York Tribune described it as "excellent and sophisticated—a rare treat."[14] The book sold out its first edition of 5000 copies within weeks of its release.[15] Shunned by her many Jehovah's Witness relatives, Botting focused her attention on developing a spiritual religion based on the paganism that her relatives so abhorred.
University of Victoria[edit]
Botting received a second Master of Arts Degree in Religious Studies with a thesis on near death experiences from the University of Calgary before moving with her lawyer husband, Gary Botting, to Victoria, where she joined the faculty of University of Victoria as an anthropology professor,[16] teaching folklore, anthropology of religion and social justice.[17] Shortly after joining the faculty of University of Victoria, she was appointed as chaplain—the first recognized Wiccan university chaplain in North America.[18][19]
Coven Celeste[edit]
In the summer of 1966, Heather Harden met her fiance's maternal grandmother, Lysbeth Turner (née Rendle), the younger sister of Thomas Edward Rendle VC the first infantryman to receive the Victoria Cross in the First World War. After answering the "call to arms" of Gerald Gardner (Wiccan) in 1940—when witches from across the south of England met in the New Forest for the purpose of casting a protective charm over England and a spell on Hitler's nefarious designs—Lysbeth Turner had become Gardner's London-based High Priestess. She had introduced Gary Botting to Gardner in 1953.[20] Realizing that most of her Canadian family had become committed Jehovah's Witnesses, in 1966 Lysbeth expressed concern to Heather that her tradition of the "Old Religion" (i.e. Wicca) would be lost forever. Heather had empathy for this situation, since she had grown up in Ontario in the 1950s, when it was not fashionable to admit one's First Nations heritage (in her case, Assiniboine-Sioux). Despite her being a Jehovah's Witness, Heather rose to the challenge, abandoned the faith of her youth and was initiated into Witchcraft. Once they were married later that year, Gary and Heather Botting established Coven Celeste in Peterborough, Ontario - the first Wiccan coven in Canada. However because of the severe social strictures placed upon them by Jehovah's Witnesses, including fear of being disfellowshipped, they stayed in the "broom closet" for years—the "gestation period" of Coven Celeste—discussing their new faith only with fellow pagans.[21]
The coven came to full development in Sylvan Lake, Alberta, from where it "hived," with different members of the coven moving away, taking its traditions with them. Over the next 40 years it went through several permutations, spreading from Ontario east to Newfoundland and west to British Columbia, north to the Northwest Territories, and south as far as Corpus Christi, Texas. In keeping with the matrilineal tradition explained to Heather by Lysbeth Turner, Coven Celeste has been passed on to Heather's granddaughters, Phaydra and Ariadne.[22]
Aquarian Tabernacle Church[edit]
Michele Favarger attended Coven Celeste rituals in Alberta in 1982 and subsequently formed the Canadian Aquarian Tabernacle Church ("ATC") on Vancouver Island, inviting Heather Botting (as "Lady Aurora") and Gary Botting (as "Lord Pan") to become founding elders. The Bottings and Favarger, along with Favarger's partner and high priest Erik Lindblad, successfully campaigned the Province of British Columbia to recognize Wiccan weddings.[23] By 1995 Coven Celeste had become one of the mainstay covens of Temple of the Lady in Victoria, BC, and the ATC was conducting a prison ministry and most pagan weddings in the province—mostly led by Arch-Priestess Michele Favarger and High Priestess Lady Aurora.[24] Heather Botting is currently High Priestess of Circle of the Wolfsong, the Victoria branch of the ATC. Her husband, Denis O'Brien, is the coven's high priest.[25]
Private life[edit]
Heather and Gary Botting have four children, Tanya (born 1970), Trent (born 1975), Thomas (born 1979) and Tharian (born 1983).[26] They were divorced in 1999. In 2000, Heather married social worker Denis O'Brien, a Wiccan of mixed Mohawk and Irish ancestry. They live in greater Victoria.[27]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.aquariantabernaclechurch.org/atc-affiliates-canada
2.Jump up ^ Douglas Todd, "University of Victoria chaplain marks solstice with pagan rituals," Vancouver Sun, 16 December 2010, http://blogs.vancouversun.com/2010/12/16/pagans-celebrate-solstice-with-yule-rituals/
3.Jump up ^ Heather and Gary Botting, The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984), p. xx
4.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xx
5.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xxi
6.Jump up ^ Tihemme Gagnon, "Introduction" to Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting, Miami: Strategic, 2014
7.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xxiv
8.Jump up ^ University of Alberta, Ph.D. diss. 1982
9.Jump up ^ Heather and Gary Botting, The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984) p. xxi
10.Jump up ^ Bob Bettson, "Witnesses risk future with book", Calgary Herald, Wednesday 23 May 1984
11.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xxi
12.Jump up ^ Dwayne Janke, "Book fights JW 'Big Brother ways'", Calgary Herald, 15 May 1984, p. A8; Stephen Weatherbe, "Theocracy girded for the end: An Alberta book says the Jehovah's Witnesses are Orwellian", Alberta Report, 4 June 1984, pp. 34-38
13.Jump up ^ The Observer, January 1985, pp. 62-63
14.Jump up ^ "Former Members of Jehovah's Witness Say Sect Hard To Quit". Ocala Star-Banner. 1984-05-23. Retrieved 2013-01-12.;Norman Sigurdson, "Nothing sinister here despite charges of thought control", Winnipeg Free Press (Saturday 12 May 1984) pp. 54-55; David E. Reid, "Two new books remove part of mystery around Jehovah's Witnesses movement", The Birmingham News, Friday 22 June 1984, p. 2B
15.Jump up ^ "Author meets with Witness president", Lethbridge Herald (Thursday 14 June 1984) p. C8
16.Jump up ^ http://anthropology.uvic.ca/people/faculty/botting.php
17.Jump up ^ http://anthropology.uvic.ca/people/faculty/
18.Jump up ^ Todd, http://blogs.vancouversun.com/2010/12/16/pagans-celebrate-solstice-with-yule-rituals/
19.Jump up ^ http://www.atccanada.org/services/wiccan-chaplaincy/
20.Jump up ^ Coven Celeste, Wicca, Aquarian Tabernacle Church
21.Jump up ^ Coven Celeste
22.Jump up ^ Heather Botting
23.Jump up ^ Douglas Todd, "University of Victoria chaplain marks solstice with pagan rituals," Vancouver Sun, 16 December 2010
24.Jump up ^ Todd; http://theroadtoemmaus.org/RdLb/21PbAr/Apl/NeoPgn.htm
25.Jump up ^ http://www.aquariantabernaclechurch.org/atc-affiliates-canada
26.Jump up ^ The Orwellian World, p. xxiv
27.Jump up ^ http://www.aquariantabernaclechurch.org/atc-affiliates-canada






 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


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Jan Groenveld

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search




[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.




The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies.
 (September 2014)




This article may contain improper references to self-published sources.  (September 2014)



Jan Groenveld
Jan Groenveld.jpg
Born
1945
Australia
Died
October 22, 2002 (aged 57)
Queensland, Australia
Occupation
Founder,
Cult Awareness and Information Centre
Spouse(s)
Simon Groenveld
Children
7
Jan Groenveld (1945 – 22 October 2002) was a member of the LDS Church and the Jehovah's Witnesses.[1] She spent fifteen years in these and other organisations before leaving them in 1975 and resolving to make more information about what she saw as "cults" available to the general public.[1][2]


Contents  [hide]
1 Freedom in Christ Ministry
2 Cited as "cult expert"
3 Death
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

Freedom in Christ Ministry[edit]
Groenveld first began providing information about groups she referred to as cults to the public and counselling affected individuals in 1979.[1] In 1980, she founded the Freedom in Christ ministry, whose purpose was to counsel former members of controversial groups, and provide information about coercive religious sects.[2]
Jan founded the Cult Awareness and Information Centre (CAIC), in 1990.[1][2] Groenveld's CAIC website was started in 1991.[3]
Groenveld first met Steven Hassan in 1993, when she brought him to Brisbane, Australia from the United States for a seminar. Hassan educated Groenveld as to the "serious potential for doubt and lack of veracity in satanic ritual abuse stories".[2]
Cited as "cult expert"[edit]
In 1999 a Brisbane tabloid, the Sunday Mail interviewed Groenveld on the likelihood that more destructive cults would show up in Australia during 1999 before the new Millennium. The publication titled Groenveld a "cult specialist"[4] two other Australian publications, the Courier Mail, a Brisbane tabloid, and the The Mercury a tabloid in Hobart titled her a "cult expert."[5][6] She warned the publication about a cult called the Twelve Tribes Mission, believing them to possess militant tendencies. She warned: "There are people out there all over the place who would like to be another Jim Jones", referring to the Peoples Temple suicides.[4]
Groenveld's work has also been cited in Snow's Deadly Cults: The Crimes of True Believers.[7]
Death[edit]
Jan Groenveld died in October 2002, and was survived by her husband, 3 sons, 2 daughters and 2 foster daughters.[8]
See also[edit]
Christian countercult movement
Anti-cult movement
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d Groenveld, Jan. "About Jan". Cult Awareness and Information Centre. Retrieved 8 May 2015.[self-published source]
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d Guilliatt, Richard (1996). Talk of the devil : repressed memory & the ritual abuse witch-hunt. Melbourne, Australia: Text Publishing. ISBN 9781875847297.
3.Jump up ^ Groenveld, Jan. "Who on Earth is the Cult Awareness & Information Centre??". Cult Awareness & Information Centre. Archived from the original on 2009-10-25.[self-published source]
4.^ Jump up to: a b Griffith, C. (10 January 1999) "Doom Cults Aussie Alert", Sunday Mail Brisbane, Australia, pages 1, 4.
 However, Queensland cult specialist Jan Groenveld said the doomsday merchants were more likely to come to Australia. "If it's a biblical cult, they may go to Israel, but eastern, Nostradamus-based and UFO-based cults believe the southern hemisphere, in particular Australia, may suffer less or later damage as the end approaches."
5.Jump up ^ Twelve Tribes Café in Australia, Griffith, Chris; Watt, Amanda (26 December 2001), Courier Mail, Australia, page 7.
 Brisbane cult expert Jan Groenveld said that the group's commercial operations may look benign, but that the public should be wary if approached by cult members with invitations to visit their community.
6.Jump up ^ Binet, Harriet (2 November 2000) "Cult Alert", The Mercury, (Australia), page 1.
 A Brisbane cult expert Jan Groenveld has worked with the families of members involved with Infinity. She described it as a cult which used subtle mind control to manipulate people for financial gain. "They cut off their family if there is any opposition," Mrs Groenveld said. "People become separated from families and become totally absorbed. "They really get hooked on the leader. No one that's in a cult knows that it's a cult. "It's not until you start to see that things are wrong that you can see what you're in." Mrs Groenveld, who has counselled victims and families of cults for more than 20 years, said isolating people from their family and urging them to "stay away from unbelief" was a common tactic.
7.Jump up ^ Snow, Robert L. (2003). Deadly Cults: The Crimes of True Believers. Praeger/Greenwood. p. 196. ISBN 0-275-98052-9.
8.Jump up ^ Randy Watters (2002-11-02). "In Memory of Jan Groenveld". freeminds.org. Retrieved 2015-05-08.[self-published source]
External links[edit]
Cult Awareness and Information Centre Main page.


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Former Latter Day Saints
Exit counselors
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
2002 deaths
1945 births
Critics of Mormonism
Critics of Jehovah's Witnesses
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Former members of New Religious Movements
Christian countercult movement










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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Groenveld









Jan Groenveld

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search




[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.




The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies.
 (September 2014)




This article may contain improper references to self-published sources.  (September 2014)



Jan Groenveld
Jan Groenveld.jpg
Born
1945
Australia
Died
October 22, 2002 (aged 57)
Queensland, Australia
Occupation
Founder,
Cult Awareness and Information Centre
Spouse(s)
Simon Groenveld
Children
7
Jan Groenveld (1945 – 22 October 2002) was a member of the LDS Church and the Jehovah's Witnesses.[1] She spent fifteen years in these and other organisations before leaving them in 1975 and resolving to make more information about what she saw as "cults" available to the general public.[1][2]


Contents  [hide]
1 Freedom in Christ Ministry
2 Cited as "cult expert"
3 Death
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

Freedom in Christ Ministry[edit]
Groenveld first began providing information about groups she referred to as cults to the public and counselling affected individuals in 1979.[1] In 1980, she founded the Freedom in Christ ministry, whose purpose was to counsel former members of controversial groups, and provide information about coercive religious sects.[2]
Jan founded the Cult Awareness and Information Centre (CAIC), in 1990.[1][2] Groenveld's CAIC website was started in 1991.[3]
Groenveld first met Steven Hassan in 1993, when she brought him to Brisbane, Australia from the United States for a seminar. Hassan educated Groenveld as to the "serious potential for doubt and lack of veracity in satanic ritual abuse stories".[2]
Cited as "cult expert"[edit]
In 1999 a Brisbane tabloid, the Sunday Mail interviewed Groenveld on the likelihood that more destructive cults would show up in Australia during 1999 before the new Millennium. The publication titled Groenveld a "cult specialist"[4] two other Australian publications, the Courier Mail, a Brisbane tabloid, and the The Mercury a tabloid in Hobart titled her a "cult expert."[5][6] She warned the publication about a cult called the Twelve Tribes Mission, believing them to possess militant tendencies. She warned: "There are people out there all over the place who would like to be another Jim Jones", referring to the Peoples Temple suicides.[4]
Groenveld's work has also been cited in Snow's Deadly Cults: The Crimes of True Believers.[7]
Death[edit]
Jan Groenveld died in October 2002, and was survived by her husband, 3 sons, 2 daughters and 2 foster daughters.[8]
See also[edit]
Christian countercult movement
Anti-cult movement
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d Groenveld, Jan. "About Jan". Cult Awareness and Information Centre. Retrieved 8 May 2015.[self-published source]
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d Guilliatt, Richard (1996). Talk of the devil : repressed memory & the ritual abuse witch-hunt. Melbourne, Australia: Text Publishing. ISBN 9781875847297.
3.Jump up ^ Groenveld, Jan. "Who on Earth is the Cult Awareness & Information Centre??". Cult Awareness & Information Centre. Archived from the original on 2009-10-25.[self-published source]
4.^ Jump up to: a b Griffith, C. (10 January 1999) "Doom Cults Aussie Alert", Sunday Mail Brisbane, Australia, pages 1, 4.
 However, Queensland cult specialist Jan Groenveld said the doomsday merchants were more likely to come to Australia. "If it's a biblical cult, they may go to Israel, but eastern, Nostradamus-based and UFO-based cults believe the southern hemisphere, in particular Australia, may suffer less or later damage as the end approaches."
5.Jump up ^ Twelve Tribes Café in Australia, Griffith, Chris; Watt, Amanda (26 December 2001), Courier Mail, Australia, page 7.
 Brisbane cult expert Jan Groenveld said that the group's commercial operations may look benign, but that the public should be wary if approached by cult members with invitations to visit their community.
6.Jump up ^ Binet, Harriet (2 November 2000) "Cult Alert", The Mercury, (Australia), page 1.
 A Brisbane cult expert Jan Groenveld has worked with the families of members involved with Infinity. She described it as a cult which used subtle mind control to manipulate people for financial gain. "They cut off their family if there is any opposition," Mrs Groenveld said. "People become separated from families and become totally absorbed. "They really get hooked on the leader. No one that's in a cult knows that it's a cult. "It's not until you start to see that things are wrong that you can see what you're in." Mrs Groenveld, who has counselled victims and families of cults for more than 20 years, said isolating people from their family and urging them to "stay away from unbelief" was a common tactic.
7.Jump up ^ Snow, Robert L. (2003). Deadly Cults: The Crimes of True Believers. Praeger/Greenwood. p. 196. ISBN 0-275-98052-9.
8.Jump up ^ Randy Watters (2002-11-02). "In Memory of Jan Groenveld". freeminds.org. Retrieved 2015-05-08.[self-published source]
External links[edit]
Cult Awareness and Information Centre Main page.


[show]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Opposition to new religious movements





























































































 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  


Categories: Australian educators
Australian Pentecostals
Former Latter Day Saints
Exit counselors
Former Jehovah's Witnesses
2002 deaths
1945 births
Critics of Mormonism
Critics of Jehovah's Witnesses
Anti-cult organizations and individuals
Former members of New Religious Movements
Christian countercult movement










Navigation menu



Create account
Log in



Article

Talk









Read

Edit

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Contents
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Interaction
Help
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Recent changes
Contact page

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What links here
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Cite this page

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This page was last modified on 8 May 2015, at 21:46.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Groenveld








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Patti Smith

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Jump to: navigation, search

For the lead singer of the band Scandal, see Patty Smyth. For other persons of the same name, see Patricia Smith (disambiguation).

Patti Smith
Patti Smith.jpg
Patti Smith performing at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 1978

Background information

Birth name
Patricia Lee Smith
Born
December 30, 1946 (age 68)
Chicago, Illinois, USA
Origin
New York City
Genres
Rock, protopunk, punk rock, art punk, blues rock
Occupation(s)
Singer-songwriter, poet, artist
Instruments
Vocals, guitar, clarinet
Years active
1971–present
Labels
Arista, Columbia
Associated acts
Tom Verlaine
Website
www.pattismith.net
Patricia Lee "Patti" Smith (born December 30, 1946)[1] is an American singer-songwriter, poet and visual artist who became a highly influential component of the New York City punk rock movement with her 1975 debut album Horses.[2]
Called the "punk poet laureate", Smith fused rock and poetry in her work. Smith's most widely known song is "Because the Night", which was co-written with Bruce Springsteen and reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1978.[2] In 2005, Patti Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture,[3] and in 2007, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.[4] On November 17, 2010, she won the National Book Award for her memoir Just Kids.[5] She is also a recipient of the 2011 Polar Music Prize.


Contents  [hide]
1 Life and career 1.1 1946–1967: Early life
1.2 1967–1973: New York
1.3 1974–1979: Patti Smith Group
1.4 1980–1995: Marriage
1.5 1996–2003: Re-emergence
1.6 2004–present
2 Influence
3 Activism
4 Band members
5 Discography
6 Bibliography
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links

Life and career[edit]
1946–1967: Early life[edit]
Patricia Lee Smith was born in Chicago.[1] Her mother, Beverly, was a waitress, and her father, Grant, worked at the Honeywell plant. The family was of Irish heritage.[citation needed] She spent her early childhood in the Germantown neighborhood of Philadelphia,[6] before her family moved to Woodbury Gardens, Deptford Township, New Jersey.[7][8] Her mother was a Jehovah's Witness. Patti had a strong religious upbringing and a Bible education, but left organized religion as a teenager because she felt it was too confining; much later, she wrote the line "Jesus died for somebody's sins, but not mine" in her cover version of Them's "Gloria" in response to this experience.[9] She has described having an avid interest in Tibetan Buddhism around the age of eleven or twelve, saying "I fell in love with Tibet because their essential mission was to keep a continual stream of prayer," but that as an adult she sees clear parallels between different forms of religion, and has come to the conclusion that religious dogmas are "...man-made laws that you can either decide to abide by or not."[10] At this early age Smith was exposed to her first records, including Shrimp Boats by Harry Belafonte, Patience and Prudence doing The Money Tree, and Another Side of Bob Dylan, which her mother gave to her. Smith graduated from Deptford Township High School in 1964 and went to work in a factory.[2][11] She gave birth to her first child, a daughter, on April 26, 1967, and chose to place her for adoption.[11]
1967–1973: New York[edit]
In 1967, she left Glassboro State College (now Rowan University) and moved to New York City. She met photographer Robert Mapplethorpe there while working at a book store with a friend, poet Janet Hamill. She and Mapplethorpe had an intense romantic relationship, which was tumultuous as the pair struggled with times of poverty, and Mapplethorpe with his own sexuality. Smith considers Mapplethorpe to be one of the most important people in her life, and in her book Just Kids refers to him as "the artist of my life". Mapplethorpe's photographs of her became the covers for the Patti Smith Group LPs, and they remained friends until Mapplethorpe's death in 1989.[12] In 1969 she went to Paris with her sister and started busking and doing performance art.[7] When Smith returned to New York City, she lived in the Hotel Chelsea with Mapplethorpe; they frequented Max's Kansas City and CBGB. Smith provided the spoken word soundtrack for Sandy Daley's art film Robert Having His Nipple Pierced, starring Mapplethorpe. The same year Smith appeared with Wayne County in Jackie Curtis's play Femme Fatale. As a member of the St. Mark's Poetry Project, she spent the early 1970s painting, writing, and performing. In 1971 she performed – for one night only – in Cowboy Mouth,[13] a play that she co-wrote with Sam Shepard. (The published play's notes call for "a man who looks like a coyote and a woman who looks like a crow".) She wrote several poems, "for sam shepard"[14] and "Sam Shepard: 9 Random Years (7 + 2)"[15] about her relationship with Shepard.
Smith was briefly considered for the lead singer position in Blue Öyster Cult. She contributed lyrics to several of the band's songs, including "Debbie Denise" (inspired by her poem "In Remembrance of Debbie Denise"), "Baby Ice Dog", "Career of Evil", "Fire of Unknown Origin", "The Revenge of Vera Gemini" (on which she performs duet vocals), and "Shooting Shark". She was romantically involved at the time with the band's keyboardist, Allen Lanier. During these years, Smith also wrote rock journalism, some of which was published in Rolling Stone and Creem.[16]
1974–1979: Patti Smith Group[edit]



 Tivolis Koncertsal, Copenhagen, October 6, 1976
By 1974, Patti Smith was performing rock music herself, initially with guitarist, bassist and rock archivist Lenny Kaye, and later with a full band comprising Kaye, Ivan Kral on guitar and bass, Jay Dee Daugherty on drums and Richard Sohl on piano. Ivan Kral was a refugee from Czechoslovakia, he moved to the USA in 1966 with his parents who were diplomats. After the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, Kral decided not to return.[17] Financed by Sam Wagstaff, the band recorded a first single, "Hey Joe / Piss Factory", in 1974. The A-side was a version of the rock standard with the addition of a spoken word piece about fugitive heiress Patty Hearst ("Patty Hearst, you're standing there in front of the Symbionese Liberation Army flag with your legs spread, I was wondering were you gettin' it every night from a black revolutionary man and his women...").[18] The B-side describes the helpless anger Smith had felt while working on a factory assembly line and the salvation she discovered in the form of a shoplifted book, the 19th century French poet Arthur Rimbaud's Illuminations.[2] In a 1996 interview which discusses artistic influences during her young years, Smith said, "I had devoted so much of my girlish daydreams to Rimbaud. Rimbaud was like my boyfriend."[10]



 Smith performing with the Patti Smith Group, in Germany, 1978



"Gloria"










"Because the Night"










"Dancing Barefoot"








Problems playing these files? See media help.
Later that same year, she performed spoken poetry on "I Wake Up Screaming" from Ray Manzarek's The Whole Thing Started with Rock & Roll Now It's Out of Control album.
The Patti Smith Group was signed by Clive Davis of Arista Records, and in 1975 recorded their first album, Horses, produced by John Cale amid some tension. The album fused punk rock and spoken poetry and begins with a cover of Van Morrison's "Gloria", and Smith's opening words: "Jesus died for somebody's sins but not mine" (an excerpt from "Oath," one of her early poems). The austere cover photograph by Mapplethorpe has become one of rock's classic images.[19] As the popularity of punk rock grew, Patti Smith Group toured the United States and Europe. The rawer sound of the group's second album, Radio Ethiopia, reflected this. Considerably less accessible than Horses, Radio Ethiopia initially received poor reviews. However, several of its songs have stood the test of time, and Smith still performs them regularly in concert.[20] She has said that Radio Ethiopia was influenced by the band MC5.[10]
On January 23, 1977, while touring in support of Radio Ethiopia, Smith accidentally danced off a high stage in Tampa, Florida, and fell 15 feet into a concrete orchestra pit, breaking several neck vertebrae.[21] The injury required a period of rest and an intensive round of physical therapy, during which time she was able to reassess, re-energize and reorganize her life. Patti Smith Group produced two further albums before the end of the 1970s. Easter (1978) was her most commercially successful record, containing the single "Because the Night" co-written with Bruce Springsteen. Wave (1979) was less successful, although the songs "Frederick" and "Dancing Barefoot" both received commercial airplay.[22]
1980–1995: Marriage[edit]




"People Have the Power"








Problems playing this file? See media help.



 Smith with her daughter Jesse Smith at the 2011 Time 100 gala
Before the release of Wave, Smith, now separated from long-time partner Allen Lanier, met Fred "Sonic" Smith, former guitar player for Detroit rock band MC5 and his own Sonic's Rendezvous Band, who adored poetry as much as she did. (Wave's "Dancing Barefoot" and "Frederick" were both dedicated to him.)[23] The running joke at the time was that she married Fred only because she would not have to change her name.[24] They had a son, Jackson (b. 1982) who would go on to marry The White Stripes drummer, Meg White in 2009;[25] and a daughter, Jesse (b. 1987). Through most of the 1980s Patti Smith was in semi-retirement from music, living with her family north of Detroit in St. Clair Shores, Michigan. In June 1988, she released the album Dream of Life, which included the song "People Have the Power". Fred Smith died on November 4, 1994, of a heart attack. Shortly afterward, Patti faced the unexpected death of her brother Todd[7] and original keyboard player Richard Sohl. When her son Jackson turned 14, Smith decided to move back to New York. After the impact of these deaths, her friends Michael Stipe of R.E.M. and Allen Ginsberg (whom she had known since her early years in New York) urged her to go back out on the road. She toured briefly with Bob Dylan in December 1995 (chronicled in a book of photographs by Stipe).[13]
1996–2003: Re-emergence[edit]




"Summer Cannibals"








Problems playing this file? See media help.
In 1996, Smith worked with her long-time colleagues to record Gone Again, featuring "About a Boy", a tribute to Kurt Cobain. That same year she collaborated with Stipe on "E-Bow the Letter", a song on R.E.M.'s New Adventures in Hi-Fi, which she has also performed live with the band.[26] After release of Gone Again, Patti Smith recorded two new albums: Peace and Noise in 1997 (with the single "1959", about the invasion of Tibet) and Gung Ho in 2000 (with songs about Ho Chi Minh and Smith's late father). Songs "1959" and "Glitter in Their Eyes" were nominated for Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance.[27] A box set of her work up to that time, The Patti Smith Masters, came out in 1996, and 2002 saw the release of Land (1975–2002), a two-CD compilation that includes a memorable cover of Prince's "When Doves Cry". Smith's solo art exhibition Strange Messenger was hosted at The Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh on September 28, 2002.[28]
2004–present[edit]




"Jubilee"








Problems playing this file? See media help.
On April 27, 2004, Patti Smith released Trampin' which included several songs about motherhood, partly in tribute to Smith's mother, who had died two years before. It was her first album on Columbia Records, soon to become a sister label to her previous home Arista Records. Smith curated the Meltdown festival in London on June 25, 2005, the penultimate event being the first live performance of Horses in its entirety.[29] Guitarist Tom Verlaine took Oliver Ray's place. This live performance was released later in the year as Horses/Horses.



 TIM festival, Marina da Glória,
Rio de Janeiro, October 28, 2006
On July 10, 2005, Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture.[3] In addition to Smith's influence on rock music, the Minister also noted her appreciation of Arthur Rimbaud. In August 2005, Smith gave a literary lecture about the poems of Arthur Rimbaud and William Blake. On October 15, 2006, Patti Smith performed at the CBGB nightclub, with a 3½-hour tour de force to close out Manhattan's music venue. She took the stage at 9:30 p.m. (EDT) and closed for the night (and forever for the venue) at a few minutes after 1:00 a.m., performing her song "Elegie", and finally reading a list of punk rock musicians and advocates who had died in the previous years.[30]
On November 10, 2005, Smith received the Woman of Valor Award from ROCKRGRL Magazine at the ROCKRGRL Music Conference, marking the 30th Anniversary of the release of "Horses."
Smith was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on March 12, 2007.[4] She dedicated her award to the memory of her late husband, Fred, and gave a performance of The Rolling Stones staple "Gimme Shelter". As the closing number of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, Smith's "People Have the Power" was used for the big celebrity jam that always ends the program.[31]
 From November 2006 - January 2007, an exhibition called 'Sur les Traces'[32] at Trolley Gallery, London, featured polaroid prints taken by Patti Smith and donated to Trolley to raise awareness and funds for the publication of Double Blind, a book on the war in Lebanon in 2006, with photographs by Paolo Pellegrin, a member of Magnum Photos. She also participated in the DVD commentary for Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters. From March 28 to June 22, 2008, the Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain in Paris hosted a major exhibition of the visual artwork of Patti Smith, Land 250, drawn from pieces created between 1967 and 2007.[33] At the 2008 Rowan Commencement ceremony, Smith received an honorary doctorate degree for her contributions to popular culture.



 Smith with National Book Critics Circle President Jane Ciabattari and NBCC board member John Reed. Smith's memoir Just Kids was an NBCC autobiography finalist at the 2010 awards.[34]
Smith is the subject of a 2008 documentary film, Patti Smith: Dream of Life.[35] A live album by Patti Smith and Kevin Shields, The Coral Sea was released in July 2008. On September 10, 2009, after a week of smaller events and exhibitions in the city, Smith played an open-air concert in Florence's Piazza Santa Croce, commemorating her performance in the same city 30 years earlier.[36] In the meantime, she contributed with a special introduction to Jessica Lange's book 50 Photographs (2009).[37] In 2010, Patti Smith's book, Just Kids, a memoir of her time in 1970s Manhattan and her relationship with Robert Mapplethorpe, was published; it later won the National Book Award for Nonfiction.[5][38] On April 30, 2010, Patti Smith headlined a benefit concert headed by band-mate Tony Shanahan, for The Court Tavern of New Brunswick.[39] Smith's set included "Gloria", "Because the Night" and "People Have the Power." She has a brief cameo in Jean-Luc Godard's 2010 Film Socialisme, which was first screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival.[40]
On May 17, 2010, Patti Smith received an honorary doctorate in fine arts from Pratt Institute, along with architect Daniel Libeskind, MoMA director Glenn Lowry, former NYC Landmarks Commissioner Barbaralee Diamonstein-Spielvogel, novelist Jonathan Lethem, and director Steven Soderbergh.[41] Following the conferral of her degree, Smith delivered the commencement address[42] and sang/played two songs accompanied by long-time band member Lenny Kaye. In her remarks, Smith explained that in 1967 when she moved to New York City (Brooklyn), she would never have been accepted into Pratt, but most of her friends (including Mapplethorpe) were students at Pratt and she spent countless hours on the Pratt campus. She added that it was through her friends and their Pratt professors that she learned much of her own artistic skills, making the honour from the institute particularly poignant for Smith 43 years later.[43]
Smith is currently working on a crime novel set in London. "I've been working on a detective story that starts at the St Giles in the Fields church in London for the last two years," she told NME adding that she "loved detective stories" having been a fan of Sherlock Holmes and US crime author Mickey Spillane as a girl.[44] Part of the book will be set in Gothenburg, Sweden.[45]
On May 3, 2011, it was announced that Patti Smith is one of the winners of the Polar Music Prize: "By devoting her life to art in all its forms, Patti Smith has demonstrated how much rock’n'roll there is in poetry and how much poetry there is in rock’n'roll. Patti Smith is a Rimbaud with Marshall amps. She has transformed the way an entire generation looks, thinks and dreams. With her inimitable soul of an artist, Patti Smith proves over and over again that people have the power."
On June 19, 2011, Patti Smith made her television acting debut on the TV series Law & Order: Criminal Intent, appearing in an episode called "Icarus".[46]
Smith has recorded a cover of Buddy Holly's classic "Words of Love" for the CD Rave On Buddy Holly, a tribute album tied to Holly's seventy-fifth birthday year which was released June 28, 2011.[47]
Smith also contributed a track to "AHK-toong BAY-bi Covered", a U2 covers album released through Q Magazine on October 25, 2011. Smith recorded a cover of "Until The End Of The World" for the compilation.
More recently, Smith has devoted her time to what she terms 'pure photography' (a method of capturing still objects without using a flash), which she began to pursue following the death of her husband in 1994.[48] In 2011, Smith announced the first museum exhibition of her photography in the United States, Camera Solo. She named the project after a sign she saw in the abode of Pope Celestine V, which translates as 'a room of one's own', and which Smith felt best described her solitary method of photography.[48] The exhibition featured artifacts which were the everyday items or places of significance of artists whom Smith admires, including Rimbaud, Baudelaire, Keats and Blake.
In February 2012, she was a guest at the Sanremo Music Festival.
Patti Smith's newest album, Banga (Believe or explode), was released in early June 2012 with critical acclaim. Music Journalist Hal Horowitz wrote : "These songs aren’t as loud or frantic as those of her late 70s heyday, but they resonate just as boldly as she moans, chants, speaks and spits out lyrics with the grace and determination of Mohammad Ali in his prime. It’s not an easy listen—the vast majority of her music never has been—but if you’re a fan and/or prepared for the challenge, this is as potent, heady and uncompromising as she has ever gotten, and with Smith’s storied history as a musical maverick, that’s saying plenty."[49] Overall, she has stayed true to her style of blending rock and poetry.



 Patti Smith performing at Haldern Pop 2014
Smith provides lead vocals on the title track to Red Hot Chili Peppers bassist, Flea's 2012 debut solo EP titled Helen Burns.
Smith was honored by Bryn Mawr College by receiving the 2013 Katharine Hepburn Medal on February 7, 2013.
Pope Francis greeted Smith, among other officials, visitors, and faithful, in St. Peter's Square on 11 April 2013.[50] Although Smith maintains she is not Catholic, she says she followed[clarification needed] the Conclave after Benedict XVI´s resignation.
Smith recorded the song Capitol Letter for the official soundtrack of the second film of the Hunger Games-series The Hunger Games: Catching Fire.[51]
As of late December 2013 Smith was working on her second book and still performing.[52]
The Vatican announced that Smith will play at the Concerto di Natale, the official Vatican Christmas Concert, on December 13; the performance, to be held at Rome's Auditorium Conciliazione, will also be broadcast live on television.[53]
Influence[edit]



Provinssirock festival, Seinäjoki, Finland, June 16, 2007
Smith has been a great source of inspiration for Michael Stipe of R.E.M. Listening to her album Horses (album) when he was 15 made a huge impact on him; he said later, "I decided then that I was going to start a band."[54] In 1998, Stipe published a collection of photos called Two Times Intro: On the Road with Patti Smith. Stipe sings backing vocals on Smith's songs "Last Call" and "Glitter in Their Eyes." Patti also sings background vocals on R.E.M.'s songs "E-Bow the Letter" and "Blue".
The Australian alternative rock band, The Go-Betweens dedicated a track (When She Sang About Angels) off their 2000 album, The Friends of Rachel Worth, to Smith's long time influence.[55]
In 2004, Shirley Manson of Garbage spoke of Smith's influence on her in Rolling Stone's issue "The Immortals: 100 Greatest Artists of All Time", in which Patti Smith was counted number 47.[56] The Smiths members Morrissey and Johnny Marr shared an appreciation for Smith's Horses, and reveal that their song "The Hand That Rocks the Cradle" is a reworking of one of the album's tracks, "Kimberly".[57] In 2004, Sonic Youth released an album called Hidros 3 (to Patti Smith).[58] U2 also cites Patti Smith as an influence.[59] In 2005 Scottish singer-songwriter KT Tunstall released the single "Suddenly I See" as a tribute of sorts to Patti Smith.[60] Canadian actress Ellen Page frequently mentions Smith as one of her idols and has done various photo shoots replicating famous Smith photos, as well as Irish actress Maria Doyle Kennedy who often refers to Smith as a major influence.[61] In 1978 and 1979, Gilda Radner portrayed a character called Candy Slice on Saturday Night Live based on Smith.
Alternative rock singer-songwriter Courtney Love of Hole heavily credited Smith as being a huge influence on her; Love received Smith's album Horses in juvenile hall as a teenager, and "realized that you could do something that was completely subversive that didn't involve violence [or] felonies. I stopped making trouble," said Love. "I stopped."[62] Hole's classic track "Violet" features the lyrics "And the sky was all violet / I want it again, but violent, more violent", alluding to lyrics from Smith's "Kimberly".[63] Love later stated that she considered "Rock n Roll Nigger" the greatest rock song of all time.[64]
American pop-dance singer Madonna has also named Smith as one of her biggest influences.[65]
Anglo-Celtic rock band The Waterboys' debut single, "A Girl Called Johnny", was written as a tribute to Smith.[66]
The influence of Smith's music is featured in two award-winning young adult novels by Meagan Brothers, Debbie Harry Sings in French and especially Supergirl Mixtapes.
Activism[edit]
In 1993, Smith contributed "Memorial Tribute (Live)" to the AIDS-Benefit Album No Alternative produced by the Red Hot Organization.
Furthermore, Smith has been a supporter of the Green Party and backed Ralph Nader in the 2000 United States presidential election.[67] She led the crowd singing "Over the Rainbow" and "People Have the Power" at the campaign's rallies, and also performed at several of Nader's subsequent "Democracy Rising" events.[68] Smith was a speaker and singer at the first protests against the Iraq War as U.S. President George W. Bush spoke to the United Nations General Assembly. Smith supported Democratic candidate John Kerry in the 2004 election. Bruce Springsteen continued performing her "People Have the Power" at Vote for Change campaign events. In the winter of 2004/2005, Smith toured again with Nader in a series of rallies against the Iraq War and called for the impeachment of George W. Bush.[67]
Smith premiered two new protest songs in London in September 2006.[69] Louise Jury, writing in The Independent, characterized them as "an emotional indictment of American and Israeli foreign policy". The song "Qana"[70] was about the Israeli airstrike on the Lebanese village of Qana. "Without Chains"[71] is about Murat Kurnaz, a Turkish citizen who was born and raised in Germany, held at Guantanamo Bay detainment camp for four years. Jury's article quotes Smith as saying:

I wrote both these songs directly in response to events that I felt outraged about. These are injustices against children and the young men and women who are being incarcerated. I'm an American, I pay taxes in my name and they are giving millions and millions of dollars to a country such as Israel and cluster bombs and defense technology and those bombs were dropped on common citizens in Qana. It's terrible. It's a human rights violation.
In an interview, Smith stated that Kurnaz's family has contacted her and that she wrote a short preface for the book that he was writing.[72] Kurnaz's book, "Five Years of My Life," was published in English by Palgrave Macmillan in March 2008, with Patti's introduction.[73]
On March 26, 2003, ten days after Rachel Corrie's death, Smith appeared in Austin, Texas, and performed an anti-war concert. She subsequently wrote a song "Peaceable Kingdom" which was inspired by and is dedicated to Rachel Corrie.[74]
In 2009, in her Meltdown concert in Festival Hall, she paid homage to the Iranians taking part in post-election protests by saying "Where is My Vote?" in a version of the song "People Have the Power".[75]
Band members[edit]



Bowery Ballroom, New York City, December 31, 2007
1974
Lenny Kaye – guitar

1974
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Richard Sohl – keyboards

1975–1977
Lenny Kaye – guitar, bass
Richard Sohl – keyboards
Ivan Kral – guitar, bass
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums

1978
Lenny Kaye – guitar, bass
Ivan Kral – guitar, bass
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Bruce Brody– keyboards

1979
Lenny Kaye – guitar, bass
Richard Sohl – keyboards
Ivan Kral – guitar, bass
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums

1988
Fred "Sonic" Smith – guitar
Richard Sohl – keyboards
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums

1996
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Tony Shanahan – bass
Luis Resto– keyboards

1996-2005
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Tony Shanahan – bass, keyboards
Oliver Ray – guitar

2006
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Tony Shanahan – keyboards, bass
Tom Verlaine – guitar
Flea – bass and trumpet

2007–present
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Tony Shanahan – bass, keyboards
Jack Petruzzelli – guitar, bass, keyboards

Discography[edit]
Main article: Patti Smith discography
Studio albumsHorses (1975)
Radio Ethiopia (1976)
Easter (1978)
Wave (1979)
Dream of Life (1988)
Gone Again (1996)
Peace and Noise (1997)
Gung Ho (2000)
Trampin' (2004)
Twelve (2007)
Banga (2012)
Bibliography[edit]
Seventh Heaven (1972)
Early Morning Dream (1972)
Witt (1973)
Ha! Ha! Houdini! (1977)
Babel (1978)
Woolgathering (1992)
Early Work (1994)
The Coral Sea (1996)
Patti Smith Complete (1998)
Strange Messenger (2003)
Auguries of Innocence (2005)
Poems (Vintage Classics) by William Blake.
 Edited by and with introduction by Patti Smith (2007)
Land 250 (2008)
Trois (2008)
Great Lyricists foreword Rick Moody (2008)
Just Kids (2010)
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Bockris, Victor; Bayley, Roberta (1999). Patti Smith: an unauthorized biography. Simon and Schuster. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-684-82363-8.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d Huey, Steve. "Patti Smith > Biography". AllMusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 2009-04-18.
3.^ Jump up to: a b "Remise des insignes de Commandeur dans l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres à Patti Smith "Solidays"" (in French). Paris: French Ministry of Culture. 2005-07-10. Retrieved 2009-04-18.
4.^ Jump up to: a b "Patti Smith". Cleveland, Ohio: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2007. Retrieved 2009-04-18.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "National Book Awards – 2010". National Book Foundation. Retrieved 2012-02-26. (With acceptance speech, interview, and reading.)
6.Jump up ^ 1957: a childhood on fire, The Independent , 28 April 2012, in Radar section, with extract from Woolgathering by Patti Smith.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c "Patti Smith – Biography. "Three chord rock merged with the power of the word"". Arista Records. June 1996. Archived from the original on June 11, 2008. Retrieved 2009-04-19.
8.Jump up ^ LaGorce, Tammy (2005-12-11). "Patti Smith, New Jersey's Truest Rock-Poet". The New York Times (New York City: The New York Times Company). Retrieved 2010-07-20. "But of all the ways to know Patti Smith, few people, including Ms. Smith, would think to embrace her as Deptford ramonesproudest export."
9.Jump up ^ Robertson, Jessica (2007). "Exclusive Interview with Patti Smith". Spinner. AOL. Retrieved 2008-02-04.[dead link]
10.^ Jump up to: a b c Moore, Thurston, “Patti Smith”, BOMB Magazine Winter, 1996. Retrieved 2012-07-18.
11.^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Patti (2010). Just Kids, p. 20. HarperCollins, New York. ISBN 978-0-06-621131-2.
12.Jump up ^ Smith, Patti (1997-10-17). A conversation with singer Patti Smith (VIDEO). (Interview). Charlie Rose. WNET. New York. Retrieved 2011-01-12.
13.^ Jump up to: a b "Patti Smith: Biography". The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll. Rolling Stone. 2001. Archived from the original on 2007-12-12. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
14.Jump up ^ "for sam shepard," in Creem Sept. 1971 link
15.Jump up ^ included in Angel City, Curse of the Starving Class & Other Plays (1976), (bibliographic information)
16.Jump up ^ Khanna, Vish (May 2007). "Patti Smith Fights the Good Fight - Timeline". Canada: Exclaim!. Retrieved 2008-12-05.[dead link]
17.Jump up ^ Bezr, Ondřej (2010-06-25). "Český rocker Ivan Král vstoupil s Patti Smith do Kongresové knihovny" [Czech rocker Ivan Král entered the Congress library with Patti Smith]. iDnes (in Czech). Retrieved 2014-08-20.
18.Jump up ^ "Hey Joe lyrics". Retrieved 2008-02-04.
19.Jump up ^ "Seventies' Greatest Album Covers". Rolling Stone. 1991-11-14. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
20.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith setlists, 2007". Retrieved 2008-02-07.
21.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith chronology". Retrieved 2008-02-04.
22.Jump up ^ Smith, Patti (2002). "Song of the Week: Dancing Barefoot". Archived from the original on 2008-01-12. Retrieved 2008-02-26.
23.Jump up ^ Deming, Mark. "Dancing Barefoot". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-02-07.
24.Jump up ^ "Babel-list". 1999. Retrieved 2008-02-07.
25.Jump up ^ "Meg White and Jackson Smith wed in Nashville". The Seattle Times. seattletimes.com. 2009-05-26. Retrieved 2012-10-19.
26.Jump up ^ Stephen Thomas Erlewine. "New Adventures in Hi-Fi". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-02-07.
27.Jump up ^ "Grammy Awards: Best Rock Vocal Performance - Female". Retrieved 2008-03-06.
28.Jump up ^ "The Andy Warhol Museum Announces Patti Smith Performance and Retrospective Exhibition" (PDF). The Andy Warhol Museum. 2002-05-03. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 31, 2006. Retrieved 2008-03-19.
29.Jump up ^ Vulliamy, Ed (2005-06-03). "Some give a song. Some give a life...". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-02-08.
30.Jump up ^ Pareles, Jon (2006-10-16). "Fans of a Groundbreaking Club Mourn and Then Move On". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
31.Jump up ^ "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 2007 Induction". Spinner. 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-04.[dead link]
32.Jump up ^ "Sur les Traces". Trolley Gallery Books. Trolley Gallery. Retrieved 2010-07-20.
33.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith, Land 250". Fondation Cartier. 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-13.
34.Jump up ^ NBCC Awards Night: President’s Welcome, Jane Ciabattari, Critical Mass, March 12, 2011; accessed April 15, 2011.
35.Jump up ^ Patti Smith: Dream of Life, Variety, January 29, 2008. Accessed online May 23, 2008.
36.Jump up ^ Patti Smith and Florence, a never-ending story[dead link], Agenzia per il Turismo, Firenze, July, 2009. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
37.Jump up ^ Pompeo, Joe (2008-08-21). "Jessica Lange and Patti Smith Team Up". The Observer. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 2011-05-11.
38.Jump up ^ Carson, Tom (2010-01-29). "The Night Belongs to Us". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-02-10.
39.Jump up ^ Jordan, Chris (April 30, 2010). "Patti Smith, Bands Unite to Save the Court Tavern in New Brunswick". Courier News. Gannett Company. Retrieved October 6, 2010.[dead link]
40.Jump up ^ "Costa Concordia was the set for a movie directed by Jean-Luc Godard". To Be A Travel Agent.
41.Jump up ^ "Pratt Institute's 2010 Commencement Ceremony at Radio City Music Hall". Pratt.edu. 2010-04-28. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
42.Jump up ^ "Video of Smith's speech". Youtube.com. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
43.Jump up ^ Murg, Stephanie (2010-05-20). "Patti Smith doesn't disappoint at Pratt's commencement". Mediabistro.com. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
44.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith writing detective novel". Nme.Com. Retrieved 2011-02-21.
45.Jump up ^ / TT Spektra (2011-02-17). "Patti Smith skriver deckare - Kultur & Nöje" (in Swedish). www.gp.se. Retrieved 2011-02-21.
46.Jump up ^ Stanhope, Kate (2011-06-16). "Exclusive First Look: Punk Rocker Patti Smith Makes Her Acting Debut on Law & Order: CI". TV Guide. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
47.Jump up ^ Burger, David (April 28, 2011). "Paul McCartney, Fiona Apple, Modest Mouse, My Morning Jacket and more cover Buddy Holly on Holly's 75th b-day year". The Salt Lake Tribune. MediaNews Group. Retrieved May 10, 2011.
48.^ Jump up to: a b "BBC News - Patti Smith: The extended BBC interview". Bbc.co.uk. 2012-01-19. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
49.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith: Banga". American Songwriter. Retrieved 8 June 2012.
50.Jump up ^ Pope greets American rock star, Patti Smith. Rome Reports. Published: 11 April 2013.
51.Jump up ^ "'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire' Soundtrack Features Coldplay, Patti Smith, The National, The Weeknd & More | The Playlist". Blogs.indiewire.com. Retrieved 2014-04-23.
52.Jump up ^ Patti Smith set to play Space at Westbury Newsday December 23, 2013
53.Jump up ^ http://pitchfork.com/news/57460-patti-smith-to-perform-at-vatican-christmas-concert/
54.Jump up ^ Scaggs, Austin (2004-10-06). "Q&A: Michael Stipe". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2008-02-04.[dead link]
55.Jump up ^ Horowitz, Hal. "The Friends of Rachel Worth - The Go-Betweens". AllMusic. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
56.Jump up ^ Manson, Shirley (2004-04-15). "The Immortals: The First Fifty". Issue 946. Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
57.Jump up ^ Goddard, Simon (2006-05-01). The Smiths: Songs That Saved Your Life (3rd ed.). Reynolds & Hearn. ISBN 1-905287-14-3. Retrieved 2014-04-08.
58.Jump up ^ "Hidros 3 (To Patti Smith)". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
59.Jump up ^ Wenner, Jann (2005-11-03). "Bono Interview". Issue 986. Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2008-02-15.[dead link]
60.Jump up ^ Lamb, Bill, KT Tunstall - Suddenly I See, Top40.About.Com, Retrieved October 26, 2007 [1]
61.Jump up ^ O'Brien, Glen; Fabian Baron, Drew Barrymore (Interviewer) (March 2008). "Ellen Page". Interview Magazine (Peter Brant) (March 2008).
62.Jump up ^ "Courtney Love". Behind the Music. 2010-06-21. VH1.
63.Jump up ^ The lyrics to Hole's 1994 track "Violet" include the line: "And the sky was all violet / I want it again but violent, more violent". Smith's song "Kimberly" also includes the phrase "violent, violet sky".
64.Jump up ^ Love, Courtney. "Fashion Faux Paus". Running Russell Simmons. 2010-11-20. Oxygen Network.
65.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith's Gloria inspired Madonna". Au.news.yahoo.com. 2012-04-17. Retrieved 2012-06-10.
66.Jump up ^ Larkin, Colin, ed. (2011). "Waterboys". The Encyclopedia of Popular Music. London: Omnium Press. p. 3818. ISBN 9780857125958. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
67.^ Jump up to: a b Arthur, Deyva (2005). "Patti Smith reaffirms that people have the power". Volume 9 / Issue 2. Green Pages. Retrieved 2008-02-08.
68.Jump up ^ "History of Democracy Rising". George Washington University. Retrieved 2012-11-13.
69.Jump up ^ Jury, Louise (2006-09-09). "Patti Smith Rails Against Israel and US". The Independent (London: Independent Print Limited). Retrieved 2008-02-08.
70.Jump up ^ "Qana" mp3 at PattiSmith.net
71.Jump up ^ "Without Chains" mp3 at PattiSmith.net
72.Jump up ^ Tayla, Alican; Çiğdem Öztürk, Yücel Göktürk (November 2007). "Bir Kamu Çalışanı Olarak". Roll (Istanbul, Turkey) (123): 28. ISSN 1307-4628.
73.Jump up ^ "Macmillan: Five Years of My Life: An Innocent Man in Guantanamo Murat Kurnaz: Books". Us.macmillan.com. 2009-12-04. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
74.Jump up ^ Jury, Louise (2006-03-25). "Jewish Pressure Drives Gaza Play Out of New York". The Independent (London: Independent Print Limited). Retrieved 2009-02-26.
75.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith — People Have The Power". June 18, 2009.
Further reading[edit]
Bockris, Victor; Roberta Bayley (1999-09-14). Patti Smith: An Unauthorized Biography. translated by Jesús Llorente Sanjuán. New York City: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-82363-8.
Johnstone, Nick (September 1997). Patti Smith: A Biography. illustrated by Nick Johnstone. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-6193-7.
McNeil, Legs; Gillian McCain (2006-05-09). Please Kill Me: The Uncensored Oral History of Punk. Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-4264-1.
Shaw, Philip (2008). Horses. Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-2792-2.
Stefanko, Frank (2006-10-24). Patti Smith: American Artist. San Rafael: Insight Editions. ISBN 978-1-933784-06-9.
Stipe, Michael (1998). Two Times Intro: On the Road With Patti Smith. Little Brown & Co. ISBN 978-0-316-81572-7.
Tarr, Joe (2008-05-30). The Words and Music of Patti Smith. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0-275-99411-2.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Patti Smith.
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Patti Smith
Official website
Patti Smith at AllMusic
Patti Smith at the Internet Movie Database
Patti Smith at DMOZ
I Will Always Live Like Peter Pan. 70 min interview from the Louisiana Literature festival 2012. Video by Louisiana Channel.
Patti Smith: Advice to the young. Filmed at Louisiana Literature festival 2012. Video interview by Louisiana Channel.
Patti Smith: First encounters with Robert Mapplethorpe. Filmed at Louisiana Literature festival 2012. Video interview by Louisiana Channel.


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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patti_Smith








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Patti Smith

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For the lead singer of the band Scandal, see Patty Smyth. For other persons of the same name, see Patricia Smith (disambiguation).

Patti Smith
Patti Smith.jpg
Patti Smith performing at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 1978

Background information

Birth name
Patricia Lee Smith
Born
December 30, 1946 (age 68)
Chicago, Illinois, USA
Origin
New York City
Genres
Rock, protopunk, punk rock, art punk, blues rock
Occupation(s)
Singer-songwriter, poet, artist
Instruments
Vocals, guitar, clarinet
Years active
1971–present
Labels
Arista, Columbia
Associated acts
Tom Verlaine
Website
www.pattismith.net
Patricia Lee "Patti" Smith (born December 30, 1946)[1] is an American singer-songwriter, poet and visual artist who became a highly influential component of the New York City punk rock movement with her 1975 debut album Horses.[2]
Called the "punk poet laureate", Smith fused rock and poetry in her work. Smith's most widely known song is "Because the Night", which was co-written with Bruce Springsteen and reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1978.[2] In 2005, Patti Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture,[3] and in 2007, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.[4] On November 17, 2010, she won the National Book Award for her memoir Just Kids.[5] She is also a recipient of the 2011 Polar Music Prize.


Contents  [hide]
1 Life and career 1.1 1946–1967: Early life
1.2 1967–1973: New York
1.3 1974–1979: Patti Smith Group
1.4 1980–1995: Marriage
1.5 1996–2003: Re-emergence
1.6 2004–present
2 Influence
3 Activism
4 Band members
5 Discography
6 Bibliography
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links

Life and career[edit]
1946–1967: Early life[edit]
Patricia Lee Smith was born in Chicago.[1] Her mother, Beverly, was a waitress, and her father, Grant, worked at the Honeywell plant. The family was of Irish heritage.[citation needed] She spent her early childhood in the Germantown neighborhood of Philadelphia,[6] before her family moved to Woodbury Gardens, Deptford Township, New Jersey.[7][8] Her mother was a Jehovah's Witness. Patti had a strong religious upbringing and a Bible education, but left organized religion as a teenager because she felt it was too confining; much later, she wrote the line "Jesus died for somebody's sins, but not mine" in her cover version of Them's "Gloria" in response to this experience.[9] She has described having an avid interest in Tibetan Buddhism around the age of eleven or twelve, saying "I fell in love with Tibet because their essential mission was to keep a continual stream of prayer," but that as an adult she sees clear parallels between different forms of religion, and has come to the conclusion that religious dogmas are "...man-made laws that you can either decide to abide by or not."[10] At this early age Smith was exposed to her first records, including Shrimp Boats by Harry Belafonte, Patience and Prudence doing The Money Tree, and Another Side of Bob Dylan, which her mother gave to her. Smith graduated from Deptford Township High School in 1964 and went to work in a factory.[2][11] She gave birth to her first child, a daughter, on April 26, 1967, and chose to place her for adoption.[11]
1967–1973: New York[edit]
In 1967, she left Glassboro State College (now Rowan University) and moved to New York City. She met photographer Robert Mapplethorpe there while working at a book store with a friend, poet Janet Hamill. She and Mapplethorpe had an intense romantic relationship, which was tumultuous as the pair struggled with times of poverty, and Mapplethorpe with his own sexuality. Smith considers Mapplethorpe to be one of the most important people in her life, and in her book Just Kids refers to him as "the artist of my life". Mapplethorpe's photographs of her became the covers for the Patti Smith Group LPs, and they remained friends until Mapplethorpe's death in 1989.[12] In 1969 she went to Paris with her sister and started busking and doing performance art.[7] When Smith returned to New York City, she lived in the Hotel Chelsea with Mapplethorpe; they frequented Max's Kansas City and CBGB. Smith provided the spoken word soundtrack for Sandy Daley's art film Robert Having His Nipple Pierced, starring Mapplethorpe. The same year Smith appeared with Wayne County in Jackie Curtis's play Femme Fatale. As a member of the St. Mark's Poetry Project, she spent the early 1970s painting, writing, and performing. In 1971 she performed – for one night only – in Cowboy Mouth,[13] a play that she co-wrote with Sam Shepard. (The published play's notes call for "a man who looks like a coyote and a woman who looks like a crow".) She wrote several poems, "for sam shepard"[14] and "Sam Shepard: 9 Random Years (7 + 2)"[15] about her relationship with Shepard.
Smith was briefly considered for the lead singer position in Blue Öyster Cult. She contributed lyrics to several of the band's songs, including "Debbie Denise" (inspired by her poem "In Remembrance of Debbie Denise"), "Baby Ice Dog", "Career of Evil", "Fire of Unknown Origin", "The Revenge of Vera Gemini" (on which she performs duet vocals), and "Shooting Shark". She was romantically involved at the time with the band's keyboardist, Allen Lanier. During these years, Smith also wrote rock journalism, some of which was published in Rolling Stone and Creem.[16]
1974–1979: Patti Smith Group[edit]



 Tivolis Koncertsal, Copenhagen, October 6, 1976
By 1974, Patti Smith was performing rock music herself, initially with guitarist, bassist and rock archivist Lenny Kaye, and later with a full band comprising Kaye, Ivan Kral on guitar and bass, Jay Dee Daugherty on drums and Richard Sohl on piano. Ivan Kral was a refugee from Czechoslovakia, he moved to the USA in 1966 with his parents who were diplomats. After the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, Kral decided not to return.[17] Financed by Sam Wagstaff, the band recorded a first single, "Hey Joe / Piss Factory", in 1974. The A-side was a version of the rock standard with the addition of a spoken word piece about fugitive heiress Patty Hearst ("Patty Hearst, you're standing there in front of the Symbionese Liberation Army flag with your legs spread, I was wondering were you gettin' it every night from a black revolutionary man and his women...").[18] The B-side describes the helpless anger Smith had felt while working on a factory assembly line and the salvation she discovered in the form of a shoplifted book, the 19th century French poet Arthur Rimbaud's Illuminations.[2] In a 1996 interview which discusses artistic influences during her young years, Smith said, "I had devoted so much of my girlish daydreams to Rimbaud. Rimbaud was like my boyfriend."[10]



 Smith performing with the Patti Smith Group, in Germany, 1978



"Gloria"










"Because the Night"










"Dancing Barefoot"








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Later that same year, she performed spoken poetry on "I Wake Up Screaming" from Ray Manzarek's The Whole Thing Started with Rock & Roll Now It's Out of Control album.
The Patti Smith Group was signed by Clive Davis of Arista Records, and in 1975 recorded their first album, Horses, produced by John Cale amid some tension. The album fused punk rock and spoken poetry and begins with a cover of Van Morrison's "Gloria", and Smith's opening words: "Jesus died for somebody's sins but not mine" (an excerpt from "Oath," one of her early poems). The austere cover photograph by Mapplethorpe has become one of rock's classic images.[19] As the popularity of punk rock grew, Patti Smith Group toured the United States and Europe. The rawer sound of the group's second album, Radio Ethiopia, reflected this. Considerably less accessible than Horses, Radio Ethiopia initially received poor reviews. However, several of its songs have stood the test of time, and Smith still performs them regularly in concert.[20] She has said that Radio Ethiopia was influenced by the band MC5.[10]
On January 23, 1977, while touring in support of Radio Ethiopia, Smith accidentally danced off a high stage in Tampa, Florida, and fell 15 feet into a concrete orchestra pit, breaking several neck vertebrae.[21] The injury required a period of rest and an intensive round of physical therapy, during which time she was able to reassess, re-energize and reorganize her life. Patti Smith Group produced two further albums before the end of the 1970s. Easter (1978) was her most commercially successful record, containing the single "Because the Night" co-written with Bruce Springsteen. Wave (1979) was less successful, although the songs "Frederick" and "Dancing Barefoot" both received commercial airplay.[22]
1980–1995: Marriage[edit]




"People Have the Power"








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 Smith with her daughter Jesse Smith at the 2011 Time 100 gala
Before the release of Wave, Smith, now separated from long-time partner Allen Lanier, met Fred "Sonic" Smith, former guitar player for Detroit rock band MC5 and his own Sonic's Rendezvous Band, who adored poetry as much as she did. (Wave's "Dancing Barefoot" and "Frederick" were both dedicated to him.)[23] The running joke at the time was that she married Fred only because she would not have to change her name.[24] They had a son, Jackson (b. 1982) who would go on to marry The White Stripes drummer, Meg White in 2009;[25] and a daughter, Jesse (b. 1987). Through most of the 1980s Patti Smith was in semi-retirement from music, living with her family north of Detroit in St. Clair Shores, Michigan. In June 1988, she released the album Dream of Life, which included the song "People Have the Power". Fred Smith died on November 4, 1994, of a heart attack. Shortly afterward, Patti faced the unexpected death of her brother Todd[7] and original keyboard player Richard Sohl. When her son Jackson turned 14, Smith decided to move back to New York. After the impact of these deaths, her friends Michael Stipe of R.E.M. and Allen Ginsberg (whom she had known since her early years in New York) urged her to go back out on the road. She toured briefly with Bob Dylan in December 1995 (chronicled in a book of photographs by Stipe).[13]
1996–2003: Re-emergence[edit]




"Summer Cannibals"








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In 1996, Smith worked with her long-time colleagues to record Gone Again, featuring "About a Boy", a tribute to Kurt Cobain. That same year she collaborated with Stipe on "E-Bow the Letter", a song on R.E.M.'s New Adventures in Hi-Fi, which she has also performed live with the band.[26] After release of Gone Again, Patti Smith recorded two new albums: Peace and Noise in 1997 (with the single "1959", about the invasion of Tibet) and Gung Ho in 2000 (with songs about Ho Chi Minh and Smith's late father). Songs "1959" and "Glitter in Their Eyes" were nominated for Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance.[27] A box set of her work up to that time, The Patti Smith Masters, came out in 1996, and 2002 saw the release of Land (1975–2002), a two-CD compilation that includes a memorable cover of Prince's "When Doves Cry". Smith's solo art exhibition Strange Messenger was hosted at The Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh on September 28, 2002.[28]
2004–present[edit]




"Jubilee"








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On April 27, 2004, Patti Smith released Trampin' which included several songs about motherhood, partly in tribute to Smith's mother, who had died two years before. It was her first album on Columbia Records, soon to become a sister label to her previous home Arista Records. Smith curated the Meltdown festival in London on June 25, 2005, the penultimate event being the first live performance of Horses in its entirety.[29] Guitarist Tom Verlaine took Oliver Ray's place. This live performance was released later in the year as Horses/Horses.



 TIM festival, Marina da Glória,
Rio de Janeiro, October 28, 2006
On July 10, 2005, Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture.[3] In addition to Smith's influence on rock music, the Minister also noted her appreciation of Arthur Rimbaud. In August 2005, Smith gave a literary lecture about the poems of Arthur Rimbaud and William Blake. On October 15, 2006, Patti Smith performed at the CBGB nightclub, with a 3½-hour tour de force to close out Manhattan's music venue. She took the stage at 9:30 p.m. (EDT) and closed for the night (and forever for the venue) at a few minutes after 1:00 a.m., performing her song "Elegie", and finally reading a list of punk rock musicians and advocates who had died in the previous years.[30]
On November 10, 2005, Smith received the Woman of Valor Award from ROCKRGRL Magazine at the ROCKRGRL Music Conference, marking the 30th Anniversary of the release of "Horses."
Smith was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on March 12, 2007.[4] She dedicated her award to the memory of her late husband, Fred, and gave a performance of The Rolling Stones staple "Gimme Shelter". As the closing number of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, Smith's "People Have the Power" was used for the big celebrity jam that always ends the program.[31]
 From November 2006 - January 2007, an exhibition called 'Sur les Traces'[32] at Trolley Gallery, London, featured polaroid prints taken by Patti Smith and donated to Trolley to raise awareness and funds for the publication of Double Blind, a book on the war in Lebanon in 2006, with photographs by Paolo Pellegrin, a member of Magnum Photos. She also participated in the DVD commentary for Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters. From March 28 to June 22, 2008, the Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain in Paris hosted a major exhibition of the visual artwork of Patti Smith, Land 250, drawn from pieces created between 1967 and 2007.[33] At the 2008 Rowan Commencement ceremony, Smith received an honorary doctorate degree for her contributions to popular culture.



 Smith with National Book Critics Circle President Jane Ciabattari and NBCC board member John Reed. Smith's memoir Just Kids was an NBCC autobiography finalist at the 2010 awards.[34]
Smith is the subject of a 2008 documentary film, Patti Smith: Dream of Life.[35] A live album by Patti Smith and Kevin Shields, The Coral Sea was released in July 2008. On September 10, 2009, after a week of smaller events and exhibitions in the city, Smith played an open-air concert in Florence's Piazza Santa Croce, commemorating her performance in the same city 30 years earlier.[36] In the meantime, she contributed with a special introduction to Jessica Lange's book 50 Photographs (2009).[37] In 2010, Patti Smith's book, Just Kids, a memoir of her time in 1970s Manhattan and her relationship with Robert Mapplethorpe, was published; it later won the National Book Award for Nonfiction.[5][38] On April 30, 2010, Patti Smith headlined a benefit concert headed by band-mate Tony Shanahan, for The Court Tavern of New Brunswick.[39] Smith's set included "Gloria", "Because the Night" and "People Have the Power." She has a brief cameo in Jean-Luc Godard's 2010 Film Socialisme, which was first screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival.[40]
On May 17, 2010, Patti Smith received an honorary doctorate in fine arts from Pratt Institute, along with architect Daniel Libeskind, MoMA director Glenn Lowry, former NYC Landmarks Commissioner Barbaralee Diamonstein-Spielvogel, novelist Jonathan Lethem, and director Steven Soderbergh.[41] Following the conferral of her degree, Smith delivered the commencement address[42] and sang/played two songs accompanied by long-time band member Lenny Kaye. In her remarks, Smith explained that in 1967 when she moved to New York City (Brooklyn), she would never have been accepted into Pratt, but most of her friends (including Mapplethorpe) were students at Pratt and she spent countless hours on the Pratt campus. She added that it was through her friends and their Pratt professors that she learned much of her own artistic skills, making the honour from the institute particularly poignant for Smith 43 years later.[43]
Smith is currently working on a crime novel set in London. "I've been working on a detective story that starts at the St Giles in the Fields church in London for the last two years," she told NME adding that she "loved detective stories" having been a fan of Sherlock Holmes and US crime author Mickey Spillane as a girl.[44] Part of the book will be set in Gothenburg, Sweden.[45]
On May 3, 2011, it was announced that Patti Smith is one of the winners of the Polar Music Prize: "By devoting her life to art in all its forms, Patti Smith has demonstrated how much rock’n'roll there is in poetry and how much poetry there is in rock’n'roll. Patti Smith is a Rimbaud with Marshall amps. She has transformed the way an entire generation looks, thinks and dreams. With her inimitable soul of an artist, Patti Smith proves over and over again that people have the power."
On June 19, 2011, Patti Smith made her television acting debut on the TV series Law & Order: Criminal Intent, appearing in an episode called "Icarus".[46]
Smith has recorded a cover of Buddy Holly's classic "Words of Love" for the CD Rave On Buddy Holly, a tribute album tied to Holly's seventy-fifth birthday year which was released June 28, 2011.[47]
Smith also contributed a track to "AHK-toong BAY-bi Covered", a U2 covers album released through Q Magazine on October 25, 2011. Smith recorded a cover of "Until The End Of The World" for the compilation.
More recently, Smith has devoted her time to what she terms 'pure photography' (a method of capturing still objects without using a flash), which she began to pursue following the death of her husband in 1994.[48] In 2011, Smith announced the first museum exhibition of her photography in the United States, Camera Solo. She named the project after a sign she saw in the abode of Pope Celestine V, which translates as 'a room of one's own', and which Smith felt best described her solitary method of photography.[48] The exhibition featured artifacts which were the everyday items or places of significance of artists whom Smith admires, including Rimbaud, Baudelaire, Keats and Blake.
In February 2012, she was a guest at the Sanremo Music Festival.
Patti Smith's newest album, Banga (Believe or explode), was released in early June 2012 with critical acclaim. Music Journalist Hal Horowitz wrote : "These songs aren’t as loud or frantic as those of her late 70s heyday, but they resonate just as boldly as she moans, chants, speaks and spits out lyrics with the grace and determination of Mohammad Ali in his prime. It’s not an easy listen—the vast majority of her music never has been—but if you’re a fan and/or prepared for the challenge, this is as potent, heady and uncompromising as she has ever gotten, and with Smith’s storied history as a musical maverick, that’s saying plenty."[49] Overall, she has stayed true to her style of blending rock and poetry.



 Patti Smith performing at Haldern Pop 2014
Smith provides lead vocals on the title track to Red Hot Chili Peppers bassist, Flea's 2012 debut solo EP titled Helen Burns.
Smith was honored by Bryn Mawr College by receiving the 2013 Katharine Hepburn Medal on February 7, 2013.
Pope Francis greeted Smith, among other officials, visitors, and faithful, in St. Peter's Square on 11 April 2013.[50] Although Smith maintains she is not Catholic, she says she followed[clarification needed] the Conclave after Benedict XVI´s resignation.
Smith recorded the song Capitol Letter for the official soundtrack of the second film of the Hunger Games-series The Hunger Games: Catching Fire.[51]
As of late December 2013 Smith was working on her second book and still performing.[52]
The Vatican announced that Smith will play at the Concerto di Natale, the official Vatican Christmas Concert, on December 13; the performance, to be held at Rome's Auditorium Conciliazione, will also be broadcast live on television.[53]
Influence[edit]



Provinssirock festival, Seinäjoki, Finland, June 16, 2007
Smith has been a great source of inspiration for Michael Stipe of R.E.M. Listening to her album Horses (album) when he was 15 made a huge impact on him; he said later, "I decided then that I was going to start a band."[54] In 1998, Stipe published a collection of photos called Two Times Intro: On the Road with Patti Smith. Stipe sings backing vocals on Smith's songs "Last Call" and "Glitter in Their Eyes." Patti also sings background vocals on R.E.M.'s songs "E-Bow the Letter" and "Blue".
The Australian alternative rock band, The Go-Betweens dedicated a track (When She Sang About Angels) off their 2000 album, The Friends of Rachel Worth, to Smith's long time influence.[55]
In 2004, Shirley Manson of Garbage spoke of Smith's influence on her in Rolling Stone's issue "The Immortals: 100 Greatest Artists of All Time", in which Patti Smith was counted number 47.[56] The Smiths members Morrissey and Johnny Marr shared an appreciation for Smith's Horses, and reveal that their song "The Hand That Rocks the Cradle" is a reworking of one of the album's tracks, "Kimberly".[57] In 2004, Sonic Youth released an album called Hidros 3 (to Patti Smith).[58] U2 also cites Patti Smith as an influence.[59] In 2005 Scottish singer-songwriter KT Tunstall released the single "Suddenly I See" as a tribute of sorts to Patti Smith.[60] Canadian actress Ellen Page frequently mentions Smith as one of her idols and has done various photo shoots replicating famous Smith photos, as well as Irish actress Maria Doyle Kennedy who often refers to Smith as a major influence.[61] In 1978 and 1979, Gilda Radner portrayed a character called Candy Slice on Saturday Night Live based on Smith.
Alternative rock singer-songwriter Courtney Love of Hole heavily credited Smith as being a huge influence on her; Love received Smith's album Horses in juvenile hall as a teenager, and "realized that you could do something that was completely subversive that didn't involve violence [or] felonies. I stopped making trouble," said Love. "I stopped."[62] Hole's classic track "Violet" features the lyrics "And the sky was all violet / I want it again, but violent, more violent", alluding to lyrics from Smith's "Kimberly".[63] Love later stated that she considered "Rock n Roll Nigger" the greatest rock song of all time.[64]
American pop-dance singer Madonna has also named Smith as one of her biggest influences.[65]
Anglo-Celtic rock band The Waterboys' debut single, "A Girl Called Johnny", was written as a tribute to Smith.[66]
The influence of Smith's music is featured in two award-winning young adult novels by Meagan Brothers, Debbie Harry Sings in French and especially Supergirl Mixtapes.
Activism[edit]
In 1993, Smith contributed "Memorial Tribute (Live)" to the AIDS-Benefit Album No Alternative produced by the Red Hot Organization.
Furthermore, Smith has been a supporter of the Green Party and backed Ralph Nader in the 2000 United States presidential election.[67] She led the crowd singing "Over the Rainbow" and "People Have the Power" at the campaign's rallies, and also performed at several of Nader's subsequent "Democracy Rising" events.[68] Smith was a speaker and singer at the first protests against the Iraq War as U.S. President George W. Bush spoke to the United Nations General Assembly. Smith supported Democratic candidate John Kerry in the 2004 election. Bruce Springsteen continued performing her "People Have the Power" at Vote for Change campaign events. In the winter of 2004/2005, Smith toured again with Nader in a series of rallies against the Iraq War and called for the impeachment of George W. Bush.[67]
Smith premiered two new protest songs in London in September 2006.[69] Louise Jury, writing in The Independent, characterized them as "an emotional indictment of American and Israeli foreign policy". The song "Qana"[70] was about the Israeli airstrike on the Lebanese village of Qana. "Without Chains"[71] is about Murat Kurnaz, a Turkish citizen who was born and raised in Germany, held at Guantanamo Bay detainment camp for four years. Jury's article quotes Smith as saying:

I wrote both these songs directly in response to events that I felt outraged about. These are injustices against children and the young men and women who are being incarcerated. I'm an American, I pay taxes in my name and they are giving millions and millions of dollars to a country such as Israel and cluster bombs and defense technology and those bombs were dropped on common citizens in Qana. It's terrible. It's a human rights violation.
In an interview, Smith stated that Kurnaz's family has contacted her and that she wrote a short preface for the book that he was writing.[72] Kurnaz's book, "Five Years of My Life," was published in English by Palgrave Macmillan in March 2008, with Patti's introduction.[73]
On March 26, 2003, ten days after Rachel Corrie's death, Smith appeared in Austin, Texas, and performed an anti-war concert. She subsequently wrote a song "Peaceable Kingdom" which was inspired by and is dedicated to Rachel Corrie.[74]
In 2009, in her Meltdown concert in Festival Hall, she paid homage to the Iranians taking part in post-election protests by saying "Where is My Vote?" in a version of the song "People Have the Power".[75]
Band members[edit]



Bowery Ballroom, New York City, December 31, 2007
1974
Lenny Kaye – guitar

1974
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Richard Sohl – keyboards

1975–1977
Lenny Kaye – guitar, bass
Richard Sohl – keyboards
Ivan Kral – guitar, bass
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums

1978
Lenny Kaye – guitar, bass
Ivan Kral – guitar, bass
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Bruce Brody– keyboards

1979
Lenny Kaye – guitar, bass
Richard Sohl – keyboards
Ivan Kral – guitar, bass
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums

1988
Fred "Sonic" Smith – guitar
Richard Sohl – keyboards
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums

1996
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Tony Shanahan – bass
Luis Resto– keyboards

1996-2005
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Tony Shanahan – bass, keyboards
Oliver Ray – guitar

2006
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Tony Shanahan – keyboards, bass
Tom Verlaine – guitar
Flea – bass and trumpet

2007–present
Lenny Kaye – guitar
Jay Dee Daugherty – drums
Tony Shanahan – bass, keyboards
Jack Petruzzelli – guitar, bass, keyboards

Discography[edit]
Main article: Patti Smith discography
Studio albumsHorses (1975)
Radio Ethiopia (1976)
Easter (1978)
Wave (1979)
Dream of Life (1988)
Gone Again (1996)
Peace and Noise (1997)
Gung Ho (2000)
Trampin' (2004)
Twelve (2007)
Banga (2012)
Bibliography[edit]
Seventh Heaven (1972)
Early Morning Dream (1972)
Witt (1973)
Ha! Ha! Houdini! (1977)
Babel (1978)
Woolgathering (1992)
Early Work (1994)
The Coral Sea (1996)
Patti Smith Complete (1998)
Strange Messenger (2003)
Auguries of Innocence (2005)
Poems (Vintage Classics) by William Blake.
 Edited by and with introduction by Patti Smith (2007)
Land 250 (2008)
Trois (2008)
Great Lyricists foreword Rick Moody (2008)
Just Kids (2010)
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Bockris, Victor; Bayley, Roberta (1999). Patti Smith: an unauthorized biography. Simon and Schuster. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-684-82363-8.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d Huey, Steve. "Patti Smith > Biography". AllMusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 2009-04-18.
3.^ Jump up to: a b "Remise des insignes de Commandeur dans l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres à Patti Smith "Solidays"" (in French). Paris: French Ministry of Culture. 2005-07-10. Retrieved 2009-04-18.
4.^ Jump up to: a b "Patti Smith". Cleveland, Ohio: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2007. Retrieved 2009-04-18.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "National Book Awards – 2010". National Book Foundation. Retrieved 2012-02-26. (With acceptance speech, interview, and reading.)
6.Jump up ^ 1957: a childhood on fire, The Independent , 28 April 2012, in Radar section, with extract from Woolgathering by Patti Smith.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c "Patti Smith – Biography. "Three chord rock merged with the power of the word"". Arista Records. June 1996. Archived from the original on June 11, 2008. Retrieved 2009-04-19.
8.Jump up ^ LaGorce, Tammy (2005-12-11). "Patti Smith, New Jersey's Truest Rock-Poet". The New York Times (New York City: The New York Times Company). Retrieved 2010-07-20. "But of all the ways to know Patti Smith, few people, including Ms. Smith, would think to embrace her as Deptford ramonesproudest export."
9.Jump up ^ Robertson, Jessica (2007). "Exclusive Interview with Patti Smith". Spinner. AOL. Retrieved 2008-02-04.[dead link]
10.^ Jump up to: a b c Moore, Thurston, “Patti Smith”, BOMB Magazine Winter, 1996. Retrieved 2012-07-18.
11.^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Patti (2010). Just Kids, p. 20. HarperCollins, New York. ISBN 978-0-06-621131-2.
12.Jump up ^ Smith, Patti (1997-10-17). A conversation with singer Patti Smith (VIDEO). (Interview). Charlie Rose. WNET. New York. Retrieved 2011-01-12.
13.^ Jump up to: a b "Patti Smith: Biography". The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll. Rolling Stone. 2001. Archived from the original on 2007-12-12. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
14.Jump up ^ "for sam shepard," in Creem Sept. 1971 link
15.Jump up ^ included in Angel City, Curse of the Starving Class & Other Plays (1976), (bibliographic information)
16.Jump up ^ Khanna, Vish (May 2007). "Patti Smith Fights the Good Fight - Timeline". Canada: Exclaim!. Retrieved 2008-12-05.[dead link]
17.Jump up ^ Bezr, Ondřej (2010-06-25). "Český rocker Ivan Král vstoupil s Patti Smith do Kongresové knihovny" [Czech rocker Ivan Král entered the Congress library with Patti Smith]. iDnes (in Czech). Retrieved 2014-08-20.
18.Jump up ^ "Hey Joe lyrics". Retrieved 2008-02-04.
19.Jump up ^ "Seventies' Greatest Album Covers". Rolling Stone. 1991-11-14. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
20.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith setlists, 2007". Retrieved 2008-02-07.
21.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith chronology". Retrieved 2008-02-04.
22.Jump up ^ Smith, Patti (2002). "Song of the Week: Dancing Barefoot". Archived from the original on 2008-01-12. Retrieved 2008-02-26.
23.Jump up ^ Deming, Mark. "Dancing Barefoot". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-02-07.
24.Jump up ^ "Babel-list". 1999. Retrieved 2008-02-07.
25.Jump up ^ "Meg White and Jackson Smith wed in Nashville". The Seattle Times. seattletimes.com. 2009-05-26. Retrieved 2012-10-19.
26.Jump up ^ Stephen Thomas Erlewine. "New Adventures in Hi-Fi". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-02-07.
27.Jump up ^ "Grammy Awards: Best Rock Vocal Performance - Female". Retrieved 2008-03-06.
28.Jump up ^ "The Andy Warhol Museum Announces Patti Smith Performance and Retrospective Exhibition" (PDF). The Andy Warhol Museum. 2002-05-03. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 31, 2006. Retrieved 2008-03-19.
29.Jump up ^ Vulliamy, Ed (2005-06-03). "Some give a song. Some give a life...". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-02-08.
30.Jump up ^ Pareles, Jon (2006-10-16). "Fans of a Groundbreaking Club Mourn and Then Move On". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
31.Jump up ^ "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 2007 Induction". Spinner. 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-04.[dead link]
32.Jump up ^ "Sur les Traces". Trolley Gallery Books. Trolley Gallery. Retrieved 2010-07-20.
33.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith, Land 250". Fondation Cartier. 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-13.
34.Jump up ^ NBCC Awards Night: President’s Welcome, Jane Ciabattari, Critical Mass, March 12, 2011; accessed April 15, 2011.
35.Jump up ^ Patti Smith: Dream of Life, Variety, January 29, 2008. Accessed online May 23, 2008.
36.Jump up ^ Patti Smith and Florence, a never-ending story[dead link], Agenzia per il Turismo, Firenze, July, 2009. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
37.Jump up ^ Pompeo, Joe (2008-08-21). "Jessica Lange and Patti Smith Team Up". The Observer. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 2011-05-11.
38.Jump up ^ Carson, Tom (2010-01-29). "The Night Belongs to Us". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-02-10.
39.Jump up ^ Jordan, Chris (April 30, 2010). "Patti Smith, Bands Unite to Save the Court Tavern in New Brunswick". Courier News. Gannett Company. Retrieved October 6, 2010.[dead link]
40.Jump up ^ "Costa Concordia was the set for a movie directed by Jean-Luc Godard". To Be A Travel Agent.
41.Jump up ^ "Pratt Institute's 2010 Commencement Ceremony at Radio City Music Hall". Pratt.edu. 2010-04-28. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
42.Jump up ^ "Video of Smith's speech". Youtube.com. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
43.Jump up ^ Murg, Stephanie (2010-05-20). "Patti Smith doesn't disappoint at Pratt's commencement". Mediabistro.com. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
44.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith writing detective novel". Nme.Com. Retrieved 2011-02-21.
45.Jump up ^ / TT Spektra (2011-02-17). "Patti Smith skriver deckare - Kultur & Nöje" (in Swedish). www.gp.se. Retrieved 2011-02-21.
46.Jump up ^ Stanhope, Kate (2011-06-16). "Exclusive First Look: Punk Rocker Patti Smith Makes Her Acting Debut on Law & Order: CI". TV Guide. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
47.Jump up ^ Burger, David (April 28, 2011). "Paul McCartney, Fiona Apple, Modest Mouse, My Morning Jacket and more cover Buddy Holly on Holly's 75th b-day year". The Salt Lake Tribune. MediaNews Group. Retrieved May 10, 2011.
48.^ Jump up to: a b "BBC News - Patti Smith: The extended BBC interview". Bbc.co.uk. 2012-01-19. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
49.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith: Banga". American Songwriter. Retrieved 8 June 2012.
50.Jump up ^ Pope greets American rock star, Patti Smith. Rome Reports. Published: 11 April 2013.
51.Jump up ^ "'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire' Soundtrack Features Coldplay, Patti Smith, The National, The Weeknd & More | The Playlist". Blogs.indiewire.com. Retrieved 2014-04-23.
52.Jump up ^ Patti Smith set to play Space at Westbury Newsday December 23, 2013
53.Jump up ^ http://pitchfork.com/news/57460-patti-smith-to-perform-at-vatican-christmas-concert/
54.Jump up ^ Scaggs, Austin (2004-10-06). "Q&A: Michael Stipe". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2008-02-04.[dead link]
55.Jump up ^ Horowitz, Hal. "The Friends of Rachel Worth - The Go-Betweens". AllMusic. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
56.Jump up ^ Manson, Shirley (2004-04-15). "The Immortals: The First Fifty". Issue 946. Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
57.Jump up ^ Goddard, Simon (2006-05-01). The Smiths: Songs That Saved Your Life (3rd ed.). Reynolds & Hearn. ISBN 1-905287-14-3. Retrieved 2014-04-08.
58.Jump up ^ "Hidros 3 (To Patti Smith)". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
59.Jump up ^ Wenner, Jann (2005-11-03). "Bono Interview". Issue 986. Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2008-02-15.[dead link]
60.Jump up ^ Lamb, Bill, KT Tunstall - Suddenly I See, Top40.About.Com, Retrieved October 26, 2007 [1]
61.Jump up ^ O'Brien, Glen; Fabian Baron, Drew Barrymore (Interviewer) (March 2008). "Ellen Page". Interview Magazine (Peter Brant) (March 2008).
62.Jump up ^ "Courtney Love". Behind the Music. 2010-06-21. VH1.
63.Jump up ^ The lyrics to Hole's 1994 track "Violet" include the line: "And the sky was all violet / I want it again but violent, more violent". Smith's song "Kimberly" also includes the phrase "violent, violet sky".
64.Jump up ^ Love, Courtney. "Fashion Faux Paus". Running Russell Simmons. 2010-11-20. Oxygen Network.
65.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith's Gloria inspired Madonna". Au.news.yahoo.com. 2012-04-17. Retrieved 2012-06-10.
66.Jump up ^ Larkin, Colin, ed. (2011). "Waterboys". The Encyclopedia of Popular Music. London: Omnium Press. p. 3818. ISBN 9780857125958. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
67.^ Jump up to: a b Arthur, Deyva (2005). "Patti Smith reaffirms that people have the power". Volume 9 / Issue 2. Green Pages. Retrieved 2008-02-08.
68.Jump up ^ "History of Democracy Rising". George Washington University. Retrieved 2012-11-13.
69.Jump up ^ Jury, Louise (2006-09-09). "Patti Smith Rails Against Israel and US". The Independent (London: Independent Print Limited). Retrieved 2008-02-08.
70.Jump up ^ "Qana" mp3 at PattiSmith.net
71.Jump up ^ "Without Chains" mp3 at PattiSmith.net
72.Jump up ^ Tayla, Alican; Çiğdem Öztürk, Yücel Göktürk (November 2007). "Bir Kamu Çalışanı Olarak". Roll (Istanbul, Turkey) (123): 28. ISSN 1307-4628.
73.Jump up ^ "Macmillan: Five Years of My Life: An Innocent Man in Guantanamo Murat Kurnaz: Books". Us.macmillan.com. 2009-12-04. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
74.Jump up ^ Jury, Louise (2006-03-25). "Jewish Pressure Drives Gaza Play Out of New York". The Independent (London: Independent Print Limited). Retrieved 2009-02-26.
75.Jump up ^ "Patti Smith — People Have The Power". June 18, 2009.
Further reading[edit]
Bockris, Victor; Roberta Bayley (1999-09-14). Patti Smith: An Unauthorized Biography. translated by Jesús Llorente Sanjuán. New York City: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-82363-8.
Johnstone, Nick (September 1997). Patti Smith: A Biography. illustrated by Nick Johnstone. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-6193-7.
McNeil, Legs; Gillian McCain (2006-05-09). Please Kill Me: The Uncensored Oral History of Punk. Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-4264-1.
Shaw, Philip (2008). Horses. Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-2792-2.
Stefanko, Frank (2006-10-24). Patti Smith: American Artist. San Rafael: Insight Editions. ISBN 978-1-933784-06-9.
Stipe, Michael (1998). Two Times Intro: On the Road With Patti Smith. Little Brown & Co. ISBN 978-0-316-81572-7.
Tarr, Joe (2008-05-30). The Words and Music of Patti Smith. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0-275-99411-2.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Patti Smith.
 Wikiquote has quotations related to: Patti Smith
Official website
Patti Smith at AllMusic
Patti Smith at the Internet Movie Database
Patti Smith at DMOZ
I Will Always Live Like Peter Pan. 70 min interview from the Louisiana Literature festival 2012. Video by Louisiana Channel.
Patti Smith: Advice to the young. Filmed at Louisiana Literature festival 2012. Video interview by Louisiana Channel.
Patti Smith: First encounters with Robert Mapplethorpe. Filmed at Louisiana Literature festival 2012. Video interview by Louisiana Channel.


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Van Morrison

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Van Morrison
OBE
Van Morrison at Notodden Blues Festival.JPG
Van Morrison at Notodden Blues Festival 2013

Background information

Birth name
George Ivan Morrison
Also known as
Van the Man
 The Belfast Cowboy
Born
31 August 1945 (age 69)
Origin
Belfast, Northern Ireland
Genres
Rock, blues, folk, blue-eyed soul, Celtic, jazz, pop, country, skiffle, gospel
Occupation(s)
Singer-songwriter, musician
Instruments
Vocals, guitar, harmonica, saxophones, keyboards, drums, tambourine, ukulele
Years active
1958–present
Labels
Decca, Bang, Warner Bros., London, Mercury, Exile/Polydor, Verve, Point Blank, Virgin, Universal, Blue Note, Lost Highway, Listen to the Lion/EMI, Manhattan, RCA (2014-present)
Associated acts
Them
Website
www.vanmorrison.com
George Ivan "Van" Morrison, OBE (born 31 August 1945) is a Northern Irish singer-songwriter and musician. Some of his recordings, such as the studio albums Astral Weeks and Moondance and the live album It's Too Late to Stop Now, are critically acclaimed. He has received six Grammy Awards, the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music, been inducted into both the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Known as "Van the Man" to his fans, Morrison started his professional career when, as a teenager in the late 1950s, he played a variety of instruments including guitar, harmonica, keyboards and saxophone for various Irish showbands covering the popular hits of the day. He rose to prominence in the mid-1960s as the lead singer of the Northern Irish R&B band Them, with whom he recorded the garage band classic "Gloria". His solo career began under the pop-hit oriented guidance of Bert Berns with the release of the hit single "Brown Eyed Girl" in 1967. After Berns' death, Warner Bros. Records bought out his contract and allowed him three sessions to record Astral Weeks in 1968.[1] Even though this album would gradually garner high praise, it was initially a poor seller; however, the next one, Moondance, established Morrison as a major artist,[2] and throughout the 1970s he built on his reputation with a series of critically acclaimed albums and live performances. Morrison continues to record and tour, producing albums and live performances that sell well and are generally warmly received, sometimes collaborating with other artists, such as Georgie Fame and The Chieftains. In 2008 he performed Astral Weeks live for the first time since 1968.
Much of Morrison's music is structured around the conventions of soul music and R&B, such as the popular singles "Brown Eyed Girl", "Jackie Wilson Said (I'm in Heaven When You Smile)", "Domino" and "Wild Night". An equal part of his catalogue consists of lengthy, loosely connected, spiritually inspired musical journeys that show the influence of Celtic tradition, jazz, and stream-of-consciousness narrative, such as Astral Weeks and lesser-known works such as Veedon Fleece and Common One.[3][4] The two strains together are sometimes referred to as "Celtic Soul".[5]


Contents  [hide]
1 Life and career 1.1 Early life and musical roots: 1945–64
1.2 Them: 1964–66
1.3 Start of solo career with Bang Records and "Brown Eyed Girl" – 1967
1.4 Astral Weeks – 1968
1.5 From Moondance to Into the Music: 1970–79
1.6 Common One to Avalon Sunset: 1980–89
1.7 The Best of Van Morrison to Back on Top: 1990–99
1.8 Recent years: 2000–present
2 Live performances
3 Collaborations
4 Music 4.1 Vocals
4.2 Songwriting and lyrics
4.3 Performance style
4.4 Genre
5 Caledonia
6 Influence
7 Personal life
8 Discography
9 Legacy
10 See also
11 References
12 External links

Life and career[edit]
Early life and musical roots: 1945–64[edit]
George Ivan (Van) Morrison was born on 31 August 1945, at 125 Hynford Street, Bloomfield, Belfast, Northern Ireland, as the only child of George Morrison, a shipyard electrician, and Violet Stitt Morrison, a singer and tap dancer in her youth.[6] Van Morrison's family roots descend from the Ulster Scots population that settled in Belfast.[7][8][9] From 1950 to 1956, Morrison, who began to be known as "Van" during this time, attended Elmgrove Primary School.[10] Morrison's father had what was at the time one of the largest record collections in Ulster (acquired during his sojourn in Detroit, Michigan in the early 1950s),[11] and the young Morrison grew up listening to artists such as Jelly Roll Morton, Ray Charles, Lead Belly, and Solomon Burke;[10][12] of whom Morrison later said, "If it weren't for guys like Ray and Solomon, I wouldn't be where I am today. Those guys were the inspiration that got me going. If it wasn't for that kind of music, I couldn't do what I'm doing now."[13] His father's record collection exposed him to various musical genres, such as the blues of Muddy Waters; the gospel of Mahalia Jackson; the jazz of Charlie Parker; the folk music of Woody Guthrie; and country music from Hank Williams and Jimmie Rodgers,[10] while the first record he ever bought was by blues musician Sonny Terry.[14] When Lonnie Donegan had a hit with "Rock Island Line", written by Huddie Ledbetter (Lead Belly), Morrison felt he was familiar with and able to connect with skiffle music as he had been hearing Lead Belly before that.[15][16]
Morrison's father bought him his first acoustic guitar when he was eleven, and he learned to play rudimentary chords from the song book, The Carter Family Style, edited by Alan Lomax.[17] A year later, when he was twelve years old, Morrison formed his first band,[18] a skiffle group, "The Sputniks", named after the recently launched Soviet satellite, Sputnik 1.[19] In 1958, the band played at some of the local cinemas, and Morrison took the lead, contributing most of the singing and arranging. Other short-lived groups followed – at fourteen, he formed Midnight Special, another modified skiffle band and played at a school concert.[17] Then, when he heard Jimmy Giuffre playing saxophone on "The Train and The River", he talked his father into buying him a saxophone,[20] and took lessons in tenor sax and music reading.[21] Now playing the saxophone, Morrison joined with various local bands, including one called Deanie Sands and the Javelins, with whom he played guitar and shared singing. The line-up of the band was lead vocalist Deanie Sands, guitarist George Jones and drummer, vocalist Roy Kane.[22] Later the four main musicians of the Javelins, with the addition of Wesley Black as pianist, became known as the Monarchs.[23]
Morrison attended Orangefield Boys Secondary School, leaving in July 1960 with no qualifications.[24] As a member of a working-class community, it was expected that he would get a regular full-time job,[23] so after several short apprenticeship positions, he settled into a job as a window cleaner—later alluded to in his songs "Cleaning Windows" and "Saint Dominic's Preview".[25] However, he had been developing his musical interests from an early age and continued playing with the Monarchs part-time. Young Morrison also played with the Harry Mack Showband, the Great Eight, with his older workplace friend, Geordie (G. D.) Sproule, whom he later named as one of his biggest influences.[26]
At age 17, he toured Europe for the first time with the Monarchs, now calling themselves the International Monarchs. This Irish showband,[27] with Morrison playing saxophone, guitar and harp, in addition to back-up duty on bass and drums, toured steamy clubs and US Army bases in Scotland, England, and Germany, often playing five sets a night.[22] While in Germany, the band recorded a single, "Boozoo Hully Gully"/"Twingy Baby", under the name Georgie and The Monarchs. This was Morrison's first recording, taking place in November 1963 at Ariola Studios in Cologne with Morrison on saxophone; it made the lower reaches of the German charts.[28][29]
Upon returning to Belfast in November 1963, the group disbanded,[30] so Morrison connected with Geordie Sproule again and played with him in the Manhattan Showband along with guitarist Herbie Armstrong. When Armstrong auditioned to play with Brian Rossi and the Golden Eagles, later known as the Wheels, Morrison went along and was hired as a blues singer.[31][32]
Them: 1964–66[edit]
Main article: Them (band)
The roots of Them, the band that first broke Morrison on the international scene, came in April 1964 when Morrison responded to an advert for musicians to play at a new R&B club at the Maritime Hotel – an old dance hall frequented by sailors.[33] The new R&B club needed a band for its opening night; however, Morrison had left the Golden Eagles (the group with which he had been performing at the time), so he created a new band out of The Gamblers, an East Belfast group formed by Ronnie Millings, Billy Harrison, and Alan Henderson in 1962.[34][35] Eric Wrixon, still a schoolboy, was the piano player and keyboardist.[36] Morrison played saxophone and harmonica and shared vocals with Billy Harrison. They followed Eric Wrixon's suggestion for a new name, and The Gamblers morphed into Them, their name taken from the Fifties horror movie Them!.[37]
The band's strong R&B performances at the Maritime attracted attention. Them performed without a routine and Morrison ad libbed, creating his songs live as he performed.[38] While the band did covers, they also played some of Morrison's early songs, such as "Could You Would You", which he had written in Camden Town while touring with The Manhattan Showband.[39] The debut of Morrison's "Gloria" took place on stage here. Sometimes, depending on his mood, the song could last up to twenty minutes. Morrison has stated that "Them lived and died on the stage at the Maritime Hotel," believing that the band did not manage to capture the spontaneity and energy of their live performances on their records.[40] The statement also reflected the instability of the Them line-up, with numerous members passing through the ranks after the definitive Maritime period. Morrison and Henderson would remain the only constants, and a less successful version of Them even soldiered on after Morrison's departure.[41]
Dick Rowe of Decca Records became aware of the band's performances, and signed Them to a standard two-year contract. In that period, they released two albums and ten singles, with two more singles released after Morrison departed the band. They had three chart hits, "Baby, Please Don't Go" (1964), "Here Comes the Night" (1965), and "Mystic Eyes" (1965),[42] though it was the b-side of "Baby, Please Don't Go", the garage band classic, "Gloria",[43] that went on to become a rock standard covered by Patti Smith, The Doors, Shadows of Knight, Jimi Hendrix and many others.[44]




"Gloria"







Morrison's garage rock classic was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. As described by Paul Williams: "Van Morrison's voice a fierce beacon in the darkness, the lighthouse at the end of the world. Resulting in one of the most perfect rock anthems known to humankind."[45]

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Building on the success of their singles in the United States, and riding on the back of the British Invasion, Them undertook a two-month tour of America in May and June 1966 that included a residency from 30 May to 18 June at the Whisky a Go Go in Los Angeles.[46] The Doors were the supporting act on the last week,[47] and Morrison's influence on The Doors singer, Jim Morrison, was noted by John Densmore in his book Riders On The Storm. Brian Hinton relates how "Jim Morrison learned quickly from his near namesake's stagecraft, his apparent recklessness, his air of subdued menace, the way he would improvise poetry to a rock beat, even his habit of crouching down by the bass drum during instrumental breaks."[48] On the final night, the two Morrisons and the two bands jammed together on "Gloria".[49][50][51]
Toward the end of the tour the band members became involved in a dispute with their manager, Decca Records' Phil Solomon, over the revenues paid to the band; that, coupled with the expiry of their work visas, meant the band returned from America dejected. After two more concerts in Ireland, Them split up. Morrison concentrated on writing some of the songs that would appear on Astral Weeks, while the remnants of the band reformed in 1967 and relocated in America.[52]
Start of solo career with Bang Records and "Brown Eyed Girl" – 1967[edit]




"Brown Eyed Girl"







Morrison's classic 1967 hit single which appeared on the album Blowin' Your Mind!. In 2007, it was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.[53]

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Bert Berns, Them’s producer and composer of their 1965 hit, "Here Comes the Night", persuaded Morrison to return to New York to record solo for his new label, Bang Records.[54] Morrison flew over and signed a contract he had not fully studied.[55] Then, during a two-day recording session at A & R Studios starting 28 March 1967, eight songs were recorded, originally intended to be used as four singles.[56] Instead, these songs were released as the album Blowin' Your Mind! without Morrison being consulted. He said he only became aware of the album's release when a friend mentioned on a phone call that he had just bought a copy of it. He later commented to Donal Corvin in a 1973 interview: "I wasn't really happy with it. He picked the bands and tunes. I had a different concept of it."[57]
However, from these early sessions emerged "Brown Eyed Girl". Captured on the 22nd take on the first day,[58] this song was released as a single in mid-June 1967,[59] reaching number ten in the US charts in 1967. "Brown Eyed Girl" became Morrison's most played song and over the years it has remained a classic; forty years later in 2007, it was the fourth most requested song of DJs in the US.[60]
Following the death of Berns in 1967, Morrison became involved in a contract dispute with Berns' widow, Ilene Berns, that prevented him from performing on stage or recording in the New York area.[61] The song "Big Time Operators", released in 1993, is thought to allude to his dealings with the New York music business during this time period.[62] He then moved to Boston, Massachusetts, and was soon confronted with personal and financial problems; he had "slipped into a malaise" and had trouble finding concert bookings.[63] However, through the few gigs he could find, he regained his professional footing and started recording with the Warner Bros. Records label.[64][65] The record company managed to buy out his contract with Bang Records. Morrison fulfilled a clause that bound him to submit thirty-six original songs within a year to Web IV Music, Berns' music publishing company, by recording thirty-one songs in one session; however, Ilene Berns thought the songs "nonsense music ... about ringworms" and did not use them.[66][67] The throwaway compositions would come to be known as the "revenge" songs.[68]
Astral Weeks – 1968[edit]
Main article: Astral Weeks



"Astral Weeks is about the power of the human voice – ecstatic agony, agonising ecstacy. Here is an Irish tenor reborn as a White Negro – a Caucasian Soul Man – pleading and beseeching over a bed of dreamy folk-jazz instrumentation: acoustic bass, brushed drums, vibes and acoustic guitar, the odd string quartet – and of course flute."
–Barney Hoskyns – Mojo[69]




Astral Weeks







The 1968 title song featuring the opening lines of the album: "If I ventured in the slipstream between the viaducts of your dream". His early voice was described as "flinty and tender, beseeching and plaintive".[70]

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His first album for Warner Bros. Records was Astral Weeks (which he had already performed in several clubs around Boston), a mystical song cycle, often considered to be his best work and one of the best albums of all time.[71] [72][73] Morrison has said, "When Astral Weeks came out, I was starving, literally."[74] Released in 1968, the album eventually achieved critical acclaim, but it originally received an indifferent response from the public. To this day, it remains in an unclassifiable music genre and has been described variously as hypnotic, meditative, and as possessing a unique musical power.[72] It has been compared to French Impressionism and mystical Celtic poetry.[75][76][77] A 2004 Rolling Stone magazine review begins with the words: "This is music of such enigmatic beauty that thirty-five years after its release, Astral Weeks still defies easy, admiring description."[78] Alan Light would later describe Astral Weeks as "like nothing he had done previously—and really, nothing anyone had done previously. Morrison sings of lost love, death, and nostalgia for childhood in the Celtic soul that would become his signature."[5] It has been placed on many lists of best albums of all time. In the 1995 Mojo list of 100 Best Albums, it was listed as number two and was number nineteen on the Rolling Stone magazine's The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time in 2003.[79][80] In December 2009, it was voted the top Irish album of all time by a poll of leading Irish musicians conducted by Hot Press magazine.[81][82]
From Moondance to Into the Music: 1970–79[edit]



 Morrison in 1972
Morrison's third solo album, Moondance, which was released in 1970, became his first million selling album and reached number twenty-nine on the Billboard charts.[83][84][85] The style of Moondance stood in contrast to that of Astral Weeks. Whereas Astral Weeks had a sorrowful and vulnerable tone, Moondance restored a more optimistic and cheerful message to his music.[86] The title track, although not released in the US as a single until 1977, received heavy play in FM radio formats.[87] "Into the Mystic" has also gained a wide following over the years.[88][89] "Come Running", which reached the American Top 40, rescued Morrison from what seemed then as Hot 100 obscurity.[90] Moondance was both well received and favourably reviewed. Lester Bangs and Greil Marcus had a combined full page review in Rolling Stone, stating that Morrison now had "the striking imagination of a consciousness that is visionary in the strongest sense of the word."[91] "That was the type of band I dig," Morrison said of the Moondance sessions. "Two horns and a rhythm section – they're the type of bands that I like best." He produced the album himself as he felt like nobody else knew what he wanted.[92] Moondance was listed at number sixty-five on the Rolling Stone magazine's The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[80] In March 2007, Moondance was listed as number seventy-two on the NARM Rock and Roll Hall of Fame list of the "Definitive 200".[93]
Over the next few years, he released a succession of albums, starting with a second one in 1970. His Band and the Street Choir had a freer, more relaxed sound than Moondance, but not the perfection, in the opinion of critic Jon Landau, who felt like "a few more numbers with a gravity of 'Street Choir' would have made this album as perfect as anyone could have stood."[94] It contained the hit single "Domino", which charted at number nine in the Billboard Hot 100.[95]
In 1971, he released another well-received album, Tupelo Honey.[96] This album produced the hit single "Wild Night" that was later covered by John Mellencamp. The title song has a notably country-soul feel about it[97] and the album ended with another country tune, "Moonshine Whiskey". Morrison said he originally intended to make an all country album.[98] The recordings were as live as possible – after rehearsing the songs the musicians would go into the studio and play a whole set in one take.[99] His co-producer, Ted Templeman, described this recording process as the "scariest thing I've ever seen. When he's got something together, he wants to put it down right away with no overdubbing."[100]
Released in 1972, Saint Dominic's Preview revealed Morrison's break from the more accessible style of his previous three albums and moving back towards the more daring, adventurous, and meditative aspects of Astral Weeks. The combination of two styles of music demonstrated a versatility not previously found in his earlier albums.[101] Two songs, "Jackie Wilson Said (I'm in Heaven When You Smile)" and "Redwood Tree", reached the Hot 100 singles chart.[90] The songs "Listen to the Lion" and "Almost Independence Day" are each over ten minutes long and employ the type of poetic imagery not heard since Astral Weeks.[101][102] It was his highest charting album in the US until his Top Ten debut on Billboard 200 in 2008.[103]
He released his next album Hard Nose the Highway in 1973 receiving mixed, but mostly negative, reviews. The album contained the popular song "Warm Love" but otherwise has been largely dismissed critically.[104] In a 1973 Rolling Stone review, it was described as: "psychologically complex, musically somewhat uneven and lyrically excellent."[105]
During a three-week vacation visit to Ireland in October 1973, Morrison wrote seven of the songs that would make up his next album, Veedon Fleece.[106] Though it attracted scant initial attention, its critical stature grew markedly over the years—with Veedon Fleece now often considered to be one of Morrison's most impressive and poetic works.[107][108] In a 2008 Rolling Stone review, Andy Greene writes that when released in late 1974: "it was greeted by a collective shrug by the rock critical establishment" and concludes: "He's released many wonderful albums since, but he's never again hit the majestic heights of this one."[109] "You Don't Pull No Punches, But You Don't Push the River", one of the album's side closers, exemplifies the long, hypnotic, cryptic Morrison with its references to visionary poet William Blake and to the seemingly Grail-like Veedon Fleece object.[110]
Morrison would not release a follow-up album for another three years. After a decade without taking time off, he said in an interview, he needed to get away from music completely and ceased listening to it for several months.[111] Also suffering from writer's block, he seriously considered leaving the music business for good.[112] Speculation that an extended jam session would be released either under the title Mechanical Bliss, or Naked in the Jungle, or Stiff Upper Lip, came to nothing,[113] and Morrison's next album was A Period of Transition in 1977, a collaboration with Dr. John, who had appeared at The Last Waltz concert with Morrison in 1976. The album received a mild critical reception and marked the beginning of a very prolific period of song making.




"Wavelength"







Morrison sings the opening lines in falsetto and synthesisers mimic the sounds of the short wave radio stations that he listened to as a boy.

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Into the Music: "The album's last four songs, "Angelou", "And the Healing Has Begun", and "It's All in the Game/You Know What They're Writing About" are a veritable tour-de-force with Morrison summoning every vocal trick at his disposal from "Angelou's climactic shouts to the sexually-charged, half-mumbled monologue in "And the Healing Has Begun" to the barely audible whisper that is the album's final sound." (Scott Thomas Review')
The following year, Morrison released Wavelength; it became at that time the fastest-selling album of his career and soon went gold.[114] The title track became a modest hit, peaking at number forty-two. Making use of 1970s synthesisers, it mimics the sounds of the shortwave radio stations that he listened to in his youth.[115] The opening track, "Kingdom Hall" evoked Morrison's own childhood experiences attending church with his mother[114] and foretold a religious theme that would be more evident in his next album, Into the Music.[116]
Considered by AllMusic as "the definitive post-classic-era Morrison",[117] Into the Music, was released in the last year of the 1970s. Songs on this album for the first time alluded to the healing power of music, which would become an abiding interest of Morrison's.[118] "Bright Side of the Road" was a joyful, uplifting song that would appear on the soundtrack of the movie, Michael.[119]
Common One to Avalon Sunset: 1980–89[edit]
With his next album, the new decade found Morrison following his muse into uncharted territory and merciless reviews.[120][121] In February 1980, Morrison and a group of musicians travelled to Super Bear, a studio in the French Alps, to record (on the site of a former abbey) what is considered to be the most controversial album in his discography; later "Morrison admitted that his original concept was even more esoteric than the final product."[122][123] The album, Common One, consisted of six songs, each of varying length. The longest, "Summertime in England", lasted fifteen and one-half minutes and ended with the words,"Can you feel the silence?". NME magazine's Paul Du Noyer called the album "colossally smug and cosmically dull; an interminable, vacuous and drearily egotistical stab at spirituality: Into the muzak."[122] Even Greil Marcus, whose previous writings had been favourably inclined towards Morrison, said: "It's Van acting the part of the 'mystic poet' he thinks he's supposed to be."[120] Morrison insisted that the album was never "meant to be a commercial album."[120] Biographer Clinton Heylin concludes: "He would not attempt anything so ambitious again. Henceforth every radical idea would be tempered by some notion of commerciality."[123] Later the critics would reassess the album more favourably with the success of "Summertime in England".[123] Lester Bangs wrote in 1982, "Van was making holy music even though he thought he was, and us rock critics had made our usual mistake of paying too much attention to the lyrics."[120]
Morrison's next album, Beautiful Vision, released in 1982, had him returning once again to the music of his Northern Irish roots.[124] Well received by the critics and public, it produced a minor UK hit single, "Cleaning Windows", that referenced one of Morrison's first jobs after leaving school.[125] Several other songs on the album, "Vanlose Stairway", "She Gives Me Religion", and the instrumental, "Scandinavia" show the presence of a new personal muse in his life: a Danish public relations agent, who would share Morrison's spiritual interests and serve as a steadying influence on him throughout most of the 1980s.[126] "Scandinavia", with Morrison on piano,[127] was nominated in the Best Rock Instrumental Performance category for the 25th Annual Grammy Awards.[128]
Much of the music Morrison released throughout the 1980s continued to focus on the themes of spirituality and faith. His 1983 album, Inarticulate Speech of the Heart was "a move towards creating music for meditation" with synthesisers, uilleann pipes and flute sounds and four of the tracks were instrumentals.[129] The titling of the album and the presence of the instrumentals were noted to be indicative of Morrison's long-held belief that "it's not the words one uses but the force of conviction behind those words that matters."[127] During this period of time, Morrison had studied Scientology and gave "Special Thanks" to L. Ron Hubbard on the album's credits.[130]
A Sense of Wonder, Morrison's 1985 album, pulled together the spiritual themes contained in his last four albums, which were defined in a Rolling Stone review as: "rebirth (Into the Music), deep contemplation and meditation, (Common One); ecstasy and humility (Beautiful Vision); and blissful, mantra like languor (Inarticulate Speech of the Heart)."[131] The single, "Tore Down a la Rimbaud" was a reference to Rimbaud and an earlier bout of writer's block that Morrison had encountered in 1974.[132] In 1985, Morrison also wrote the musical score for the movie, Lamb starring Liam Neeson.[133]
Morrison's 1986 release, No Guru, No Method, No Teacher, was said to contain a "genuine holiness...and musical freshness that needs to be set in context to understand."[134] Critical response was favourable with a Sounds reviewer calling the album "his most intriguingly involved since Astral Weeks" and "Morrison at his most mystical, magical best."[135][136] It contains the song, "In the Garden" that, according to Morrison, had a "definite meditation process which is a 'form' of transcendental meditation as its basis. It's not TM".[134] He entitled the album as a rebuttal to media attempts to place him in various creeds.[137] In an interview in the Observer he told Anthony Denselow:

There have been many lies put out about me and this finally states my position. I have never joined any organisation, nor plan to. I am not affiliated to any guru, don't subscribe to any method and for those people who don't know what a guru is, I don't have a teacher either.[138]
After releasing the "No Guru" album, Morrison's music appeared less gritty and more adult contemporary with the well-received 1987 album, Poetic Champions Compose, considered to be one of his recording highlights of the 1980s.[139] The romantic ballad from this album, "Someone Like You", has been featured subsequently in the soundtracks of several movies, including 1995's French Kiss, and in 2001, both Someone Like You and Bridget Jones's Diary.[119][140]
In 1988, he released Irish Heartbeat, a collection of traditional Irish folk songs recorded with the Irish group, The Chieftains, which reached number 18 in the UK album charts. The title song, "Irish Heartbeat", was originally recorded on his 1983 album Inarticulate Speech of the Heart.[141]
The 1989 album, Avalon Sunset, which featured the hit duet with Cliff Richard "Whenever God Shines His Light" and the ballad "Have I Told You Lately" (on which "earthly love transmutes into that for God"(Hinton)),[142] reached 13 on the UK album chart. Although considered to be a deeply spiritual album,[143] it also contained "Daring Night", which "deals with full, blazing sex, whatever its churchy organ and gentle lilt suggest"(Hinton).[144] Morrison's familiar themes of "God, woman, his childhood in Belfast and those enchanted moments when time stands still" were prominent in the songs.[145] He can be heard calling out the change of tempo at the end of this song, repeating the numbers "1 – 4" to cue the chord changes (the first and fourth chord in the key of the music). He often completed albums in two days, frequently releasing first takes.[146][147]
The Best of Van Morrison to Back on Top: 1990–99[edit]
The early to middle 1990s were commercially successful for Morrison with three albums reaching the top five of the UK charts, sold-out concerts, and a more visible public profile; but this period also marked a decline in the critical reception to his work.[148] The decade began with the release of The Best of Van Morrison; compiled by Morrison himself, the album was focused on his hit singles, and became a multi-platinum success remaining a year and a half on the UK charts. AllMusic determined it to be "far and away the best selling album of his career."[88][149] After Enlightenment which included the hit singles "Real Real Gone" and the title cut in 1990, an ambitious double album "Hymns to the Silence" was released the following year, his only double studio album. Another compilation album, The Best of Van Morrison Volume Two was released in January 1993, followed by Too Long in Exile in June, another top five chart success.[150] The 1994 live double album A Night in San Francisco received favourable reviews as well as commercial success by reaching number eight on the UK charts.[151][152][153][154] 1995's Days Like This also had large sales – though the critical reviews were not always favourable.[155] This period also saw a number of side projects, including the live jazz performances of 1996's How Long Has This Been Going On, from the same year Tell Me Something: The Songs of Mose Allison, and 2000's The Skiffle Sessions – Live in Belfast 1998, all of which found Morrison paying tribute to his early musical influences.
In 1997, Morrison released The Healing Game. The album received mixed reviews, with the lyrics being described as "tired" and "dull",[156] though critic Greil Marcus praised the musical complexity of the album by saying: "It carries the listener into a musical home so perfect and complete he or she might have forgotten that music could call up such a place, and then populate it with people, acts, wishes, fears."[157] The following year, Morrison finally released some of his previously unissued studio recordings in a two-disc set, The Philosopher's Stone. His next release, 1999's Back on Top, achieved a modest success, being his highest charting album in the US since 1978's Wavelength.[158]
Recent years: 2000–present[edit]
Van Morrison continued to record and tour in the 2000s, often performing two or three times a week.[159] He formed his own independent label, Exile Productions Ltd, which enables him to maintain full production control of each album he records, which he then delivers as a finished product to the recording label that he chooses, for marketing and distribution.[160]
The album, Down the Road released in May 2002, received a good critical reception and proved to be his highest charting album in the US since 1972's Saint Dominic's Preview.[103] It had a nostalgic tone, with its fifteen tracks representing the various musical genres that Morrison had previously covered—including R&B, blues, country and folk;[161] one of the tracks was written as a tribute to his late father George, who had played a pivotal role in nurturing his early musical tastes.[10]
Morrison's 2005 album, Magic Time, debuted at number twenty-five on the US Billboard 200 charts upon its May release, some forty years after Morrison first entered the public's eye as the frontman of Them. Rolling Stone listed it as number seventeen on The Top 50 Records of 2005.[162] Also in July 2005, Morrison was named by Amazon as one of their top twenty-five all-time best-selling artists and inducted into the Amazon.com Hall of Fame.[163] Later in the year, Morrison also donated a previously unreleased studio track to a charity album, Hurricane Relief: Come Together Now, which raised money for relief efforts intended for Gulf Coast victims devastated by hurricanes, Katrina and Rita.[164] Morrison composed the song, "Blue and Green", featuring Foggy Lyttle on guitar. This song was released in 2007 on the album, The Best of Van Morrison Volume 3 and also as a single in the UK. Van Morrison was a headline act at the international Celtic music festival, The Hebridean Celtic Festival in Stornoway Outer Hebrides in the summer of 2005.[165]
He released an album with a country music theme, entitled Pay the Devil, on 7 March 2006 and appeared at the Ryman Auditorium where the tickets sold out immediately after they went on sale.[166] Pay the Devil debuted at number twenty-six on The Billboard 200 and peaked at number seven on Top Country Albums.[167][168] Amazon Best of 2006 Editor's Picks in Country listed the country album at number ten in December 2006. Still promoting the country album, Morrison's performance as the headline act on the first night of the Austin City Limits Music Festival on 15 September 2006 was reviewed by Rolling Stone magazine as one of the top ten shows of the 2006 festival.[169] In November 2006, a limited edition album, Live at Austin City Limits Festival was issued by Exile Productions, Ltd. A later deluxe CD/DVD release of Pay the Devil, in the summer of 2006 contained tracks from the Ryman performance.[170] In October 2006, Morrison had released his first commercial DVD, Live at Montreux 1980/1974 with concerts taken from two separate appearances at the Montreux Jazz Festival.
A new double CD compilation album The Best of Van Morrison Volume 3 was released in June 2007 containing thirty-one tracks, some of which were previously unreleased. Morrison selected the tracks, which ranged from the 1993 album Too Long in Exile to the song "Stranded" from the 2005 album Magic Time.[171] On 3 September 2007, Morrison's complete catalogue of albums from 1971 through 2002 were made available exclusively at the iTunes Store in Europe and Australia and during the first week of October 2007, the albums became available at the US iTunes Store.[172]
Still on Top – The Greatest Hits, a thirty-seven track double CD compilation album was released on 22 October 2007 in the UK on the Polydor label. On 29 October 2007, the album charted at number two on the Official UK Top 75 Albums—his highest UK charting.[173] The November release in the US and Canada contains twenty-one selected tracks.[174] The hits that were released on albums with the copyrights owned by Morrison as Exile Productions Ltd.—1971 and later—had been remastered in 2007.
Keep It Simple, Morrison's 33rd studio album of completely new material was released by Exile/Polydor Records on 17 March 2008 in the UK and released by Exile/Lost Highway Records in the US and Canada on 1 April 2008.[175] It comprised eleven self-penned tracks. Morrison promoted the album with a short US tour including an appearance at the SXSW music conference,[176][177] and a UK concert broadcast on BBC Radio 2. In the first week of release Keep It Simple debuted on the Billboard 200 chart at number ten, Morrison's first Top Ten charting in the US.[178]
Morrison released his 34th studio album, Born to Sing: No Plan B on 2 October 2012 on Blue Note Records. The album was recorded in Belfast, Morrison's birthplace and hometown.[179] The first single from this album, "Open the Door (To Your Heart)", was released on 24 August 2012.[180]
A selection of Morrison's lyrics, Lit Up Inside, was published by City Lights Books in the US and Faber & Faber in the UK [181] the book was released on 2 October 2014 and an evening of words and music commenced at the Lyric Theatre, London on 17 November 2014 to mark its launch. Morrison himself selected his best and most iconic lyrics from a catalog of 50 years of writing [182]
Morrison's 35th studio album, Duets: Re-working the Catalogue was released on 24 March 2015 on the RCA record label.[183]
Live performances[edit]



 A smiling Van Morrison performing at the Marin Civic Center, 2007.
By 1972, after being a performer for nearly ten years, Morrison began experiencing stage fright when performing for audiences of thousands, as opposed to the hundreds as he had experienced in his early career. He became anxious on stage and would have difficulty establishing eye contact with the audience. He once said in an interview about performing on stage, "I dig singing the songs but there are times when it's pretty agonising for me to be out there." After a brief break from music, he started appearing in clubs, regaining his ability to perform live, albeit with smaller audiences.[22]
The 1974 live double album, It's Too Late to Stop Now has been noted to be one of the greatest recordings of a live concert[184] [185][186] and has appeared on lists of greatest live albums of all time.[187][188][189][190] Biographer Johnny Rogan states that "Morrison was in the midst of what was arguably his greatest phase as a performer."[191] Performances on the album were from tapes made during a three-month tour of the US and Europe in 1973 with the backing group The Caledonia Soul Orchestra. Soon after recording the album, Morrison restructured the Caledonia Soul Orchestra into a smaller unit, the Caledonia Soul Express.[192]



 Morrison performs in 1976 at The Band's final concert filmed for The Last Waltz.
On Thanksgiving Day 1976, Morrison performed at the farewell concert for The Band. Morrison's first live performance in several years, he considered skipping his appearance until the last minute, even refusing to go on stage when they announced his name. His manager, Harvey Goldsmith, said he "literally kicked him out there."[193][194] Morrison was on good terms with the members of The Band as near-neighbours in Woodstock, and they had the shared experience of stage fright. At the concert, he performed two songs. His first was a rendition of the classic Irish song Too Ra Loo Ra Loo Ral.[195] His second song was "Caravan", from his 1970 album Moondance. Greil Marcus, in attendance at the concert, wrote: "Van Morrison turned the show around...singing to the rafters and ...burning holes in the floor. It was a triumph, and as the song ended Van began to kick his leg into the air out of sheer exuberance and he kicked his way right offstage like a Rockette. The crowd had given him a fine welcome and they cheered wildly when he left."[196] The filmed concert served as the basis for Martin Scorsese's 1978 film, The Last Waltz.[197]
During his association with The Band, Morrison acquired the nicknames: "Belfast Cowboy" and "Van the Man".[198] When Morrison sang the duet "4% Pantomime" (that he co-wrote with Robbie Robertson), Richard Manuel calls him, "Oh, Belfast Cowboy". It would be included in The Band's album Cahoots. When he left the stage, after performing "Caravan" on The Last Waltz, Robertson calls out "Van the Man!"[116]
On 21 July 1990, Morrison joined many other guests for Roger Waters' massive performance of The Wall – Live in Berlin with an estimated crowd of between three hundred thousand and half a million people and broadcast live on television.[199] He sang "Comfortably Numb" with Roger Waters, and several members from The Band: Levon Helm, Garth Hudson and Rick Danko. At concert's end, he and the other performers sang "The Tide Is Turning".
Morrison performed before an estimated audience of sixty to eighty thousand people when US President Bill Clinton visited Belfast, Northern Ireland on 30 November 1995. His song "Days Like This" had become the official anthem for the Northern Irish peace movement.[200]
Van Morrison continued performing concerts in the 2000s throughout the year rather than touring.[159] Playing few of his best-known songs in concert, he has firmly resisted relegation to a nostalgia act.[201][202] During a 2006 interview, he told Paul Sexton:

I don't really tour. This is another misconception. I stopped touring in the true sense of the word in the late 1970s, early 1980s, possibly. I just do gigs now. I average two gigs a week. Only in America do I do more, because you can't really do a couple of gigs there, so I do more, 10 gigs or something there.[203]




Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl







The 2008 titled song, "Astral Weeks (I Believe I've Transcended)" with the opening lines: "If I ventured in the slipstream between the viaducts of your dream" shows "a deeper, louder roar than the blue-eyed soul voice of his youth – softer on the diction – but none the less impressively powerful."[204]

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On 7 and 8 November 2008, at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles, California, Morrison performed the entire Astral Weeks album live for the first time. The Astral Weeks band featured guitarist Jay Berliner, who played on the album that was released forty years previously in November 1968. Also featured on piano was Roger Kellaway. A live album entitled Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl resulted from these two performances.[205] The new live album on CD was released on 24 February 2009,[206] followed by a DVD from the performances.[207] The DVD, Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl: The Concert Film was released via Amazon Exclusive on 19 May 2009. In February and March 2009, Morrison returned to the US for Astral Weeks Live concerts, interviews and TV appearances with concerts at Madison Square Garden and at the Beacon Theatre in New York City.[208][209] He was interviewed by Don Imus on his Imus in the Morning radio show and put in guest appearances on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon and Live with Regis and Kelly.[210][211][212] Morrison continued with the Astral Weeks performances with two concerts at the Royal Albert Hall in London in April[213][214] and then returned to California in May 2009 performing the Astral Weeks songs at the Hearst Greek Theatre in Berkeley, the Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles, California and appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.[215] Morrison filmed the concerts at the Orpheum Theatre so that they could be viewed by Farrah Fawcett, confined to bed with cancer and who therefore could not attend the concerts.[216][217]
In addition to It's Too Late to Stop Now and Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl, Morrison has released three other live albums: Live at the Grand Opera House Belfast in 1984; A Night in San Francisco in 1994 that Rolling Stone magazine felt stood out as: "the culmination of a career's worth of soul searching that finds Morrison's eyes turned toward heaven and his feet planted firmly on the ground";[151] and The Skiffle Sessions – Live in Belfast 1998 recorded with Lonnie Donegan and Chris Barber and released in 2000.



 Morrison performs at the Edmonton Folk Music Festival in 2010.
Morrison was scheduled to perform at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 25th anniversary concert on 30 October 2009, but cancelled.[218] In an interview on 26 October, Morrison told his host Don Imus that he had planned to play "a couple of songs" with Eric Clapton (who had cancelled on 22 October due to gallstone surgery),[219] but that they would do something else together at "some other stage of the game".[220]
Morrison performed for the Edmonton Folk Music Festival in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada on 4 August 2010 as the headline act for the fundraiser and scheduled as second day headliner at the Feis 2011 Festival in London's Finsbury Park on 19 June 2011.[221][222][223]
Morrison appeared in concert at Odyssey Arena in Belfast on 3 February and at The O2 in Dublin on 4 February 2012. He appeared at the 46th Montreux Jazz Festival as a headliner on 7 July 2012.[224]
In 2014 Morrison's former high school Orangefield High School, formerly known as Orangefield Boys' Secondary School closed its doors permanently. To mark the school's closure Morrison performed in the school assembly hall for three nights of concerts from 22–24 August. The performance on the 22 August was exclusively for former teachers and pupils and the two remaining concerts were for members of the public [225]
The first night of the Nocturne Live [226] concerts at Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, UK on 25th June 2015, will feature Morrison and Grammy Award-winning American Jazz vocalist and songwriter Gregory Porter.
Collaborations[edit]
During the 1990s, Morrison developed a close association with two vocal talents at opposite ends of their careers: Georgie Fame (with whom Morrison had already worked occasionally) lent his voice and Hammond organ skills to Morrison's band; and Brian Kennedy's vocals complemented the grizzled voice of Morrison, both in studio and live performances.
The 1990s also saw an upsurge in collaborations by Morrison with other artists, a trend continuing into the new millennium. He recorded with Irish folk band The Chieftains on their 1995 album, The Long Black Veil. Morrison's song, "Have I Told You Lately" would win a Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals in 1996.[227]
He also produced and was featured on several tracks with blues legend John Lee Hooker on Hooker's 1997 album, Don't Look Back. This album would win a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Blues Album in 1998 and the title track "Don't Look Back", a duet featuring Morrison and Hooker, would also win a Grammy Award for "Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals" in 1998.[228] The project capped a series of Morrison and Hooker collaborations that began in 1971 when they performed a duet on the title track of Hooker's 1972 album Never Get Out of These Blues Alive. On this album, Hooker also recorded a cover of Morrison's "T.B. Sheets".[229]
Morrison additionally collaborated with Tom Jones on his 1999 album Reload, performing a duet on "Sometimes We Cry", and he also sang vocals on a track entitled "The Last Laugh" on Mark Knopfler's 2000 album, Sailing to Philadelphia.[230] In 2004, Morrison was one of the guests on Ray Charles' album, Genius Loves Company, featuring the two artists performing Morrison's "Crazy Love".
In 2000, Morrison recorded a classic country music duet album You Win Again with Linda Gail Lewis. The album received a three star review from AllMusic who called it "a roots effort that never sounds studied".[231]
Music[edit]
Vocals[edit]



It is at the heart of Morrison’s presence as a singer that when he lights on certain sounds, certain small moments inside a song—hesitations, silences, shifts in pressure, sudden entrances, slamming doors—can then suggest whole territories, completed stories, indistinct ceremonies, far outside anything that can be literally traced in the compositions that carry them.
–Greil Marcus[232]
Featuring his characteristic growl—a mix of folk, blues, soul, jazz, gospel, and Ulster Scots Celtic influences—Morrison is widely considered by many rock historians to be one of the most unusual and influential vocalists in the history of rock and roll.[233][234][235] Critic Greil Marcus has gone so far as to say that "no white man sings like Van Morrison."[236] In his 2010 book, Marcus wrote, "As a physical fact, Morrison may have the richest and most expressive voice pop music has produced since Elvis Presley, and with a sense of himself as an artist that Elvis was always denied."[237]
As Morrison began live performances of the 40-year-old album Astral Weeks in 2008, there were comparisons to his youthful voice of 1968. His early voice was described as "flinty and tender, beseeching and plaintive".[70] Forty years later, the difference in his vocal range and power were noticeable but reviewers and critic's comments were favourable: "Morrison's voice has expanded to fill his frame; a deeper, louder roar than the blue-eyed soul voice of his youth – softer on the diction – but none the less impressively powerful."[204] Morrison also commented on the changes in his approach to singing: "The approach now is to sing from lower down [the diaphragm] so I do not ruin my voice. Before, I sang in the upper area of my throat, which tends to wreck the vocal cords over time. Singing from lower in the belly allows my resonance to carry far. I can stand four feet from a mic and be heard quite resonantly."[238]
Songwriting and lyrics[edit]
Morrison has written hundreds of songs[239][240] during his career with a recurring theme reflecting a nostalgic yearning for the carefree days of his childhood in Belfast.[241] Some of his song titles derive from familiar locations in his childhood, such as "Cyprus Avenue" (a nearby street), "Orangefield" (the boys school he attended), and "On Hyndford Street" (where he was born). Also frequently present in Morrison's best love songs is a blending of the sacred-profane as evidenced in "Into the Mystic" and "So Quiet in Here".[242][243]
Beginning with his 1979 album, Into the Music and the song "And the Healing Has Begun", a frequent theme of his music and lyrics has been based on his belief in the healing power of music combined with a form of mystic Christianity. This theme has become one of the predominant qualities of his work.[244]
His lyrics show an influence of the visionary poets William Blake and W. B. Yeats[245] and others such as Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth.[246] Biographer Brian Hinton believes "like any great poet from Blake to Seamus Heaney he takes words back to their origins in magic...Indeed, Morrison is returning poetry to its earliest roots – as in Homer or Old English epics like Beowulf or the Psalms or folk song – in all of which words and music combine to form a new reality."[242] Another biographer John Collis believes that Morrison's style of jazz singing and repeating phrases preclude his lyrics from being regarded as poetry or as Collis asserts: "he is more likely to repeat a phrase like a mantra, or burst into scat singing. The words may often be prosaic, and so can hardly be poetry."[247]
Morrison has described his songwriting method by remarking that: "I write from a different place. I do not even know what it is called or if it has a name. It just comes and I sculpt it, but it is also a lot of hard work doing the sculpting."[238]
Performance style[edit]



"Van Morrison is interested, obsessed with how much musical or verbal information he can compress into a small space, and, almost, conversely, how far he can spread one note, word, sound, or picture. To capture one moment, be it a caress or a twitch. He repeats certain phrases to extremes that from anybody else would seem ridiculous, because he's waiting for a vision to unfold, trying as unobtrusively as possible to nudge it along...It's the great search, fuelled by the belief that through these musical and mental processes illumination is attainable. Or may at least be glimpsed."
–Lester Bangs[248]
Critic Greil Marcus argues that given the truly distinctive breadth and complexity of Morrison's work, it is almost impossible to cast his work among that of others: "Morrison remains a singer who can be compared to no other in the history of rock & roll, a singer who cannot be pinned down, dismissed, or fitted into anyone's expectations."[249] Or in the words of Jay Cocks: "He extends himself only to express himself. Alone among rock's great figures—and even in that company he is one of the greatest—Morrison is adamantly inward. And unique. Although he freely crosses musical boundaries— R&B, Celtic melodies, jazz, rave-up rock, hymns, down-and-dirty blues—he can unfailingly be found in the same strange place: on his own wavelength."[250]
His transcendental signature style first came into full expression with his 1968 classic, Astral Weeks and he was noted to have remained a "master of his transcendental craft" in 2009 while performing the Astral Weeks songs live.[251][252][253][254] This musical art form was based on stream of consciousness songwriting and emotional vocalising of lyrics that have no basis in normal structure or symmetry. His live performances are dependent on building dynamics with spontaneity between himself and his band, whom he controls with hand gestures throughout, sometimes signalling impromptu solos from a selected band member. The music and vocals build towards a hypnotic and trance-like state that depends on in-the-moment creativity. Scott Foundas with LA Weekly wrote "he seeks to transcend the apparent boundaries of any given song; to achieve a total freedom of form; to take himself, his band and the audience on a journey whose destination is anything but known."[241][255] Greil Marcus wrote an entire book devoted to examining the moments in Morrison's music where he reaches this state of transcendence and explains: "But in his music the same sense of escape from ordinary limits – a reach for, or the achievement of, a kind of violent transcendence – can come from hesitations, repetitions of words or phrases, pauses, the way a musical change by another musician is turned by Morrison as a bandleader or seized on by him as a singer and changed into a sound that becomes an event in and of itself. In these moments, the self is left behind, and the sound, that "yarragh," becomes the active agent: a musical person, with its own mind, its own body."[256] A book reviewer further described it as "This transcendent moment of music when the song and the singer are one thing not two, neither dependent on the other or separate from the other but melded to the other like one, like breath and life..."[257]
Morrison has said he believes in the jazz improvisational technique of never performing a song the same way twice and except for the unique rendition of the Astral Weeks songs live, doesn't perform a concert from a preconceived set list.[201] Morrison has said he prefers to perform at smaller venues or symphony halls noted for their good acoustics.[258] His ban against alcoholic beverages, which made entertainment news during 2008, was an attempt to prevent the disruptive and distracting movement of audience members leaving their seats during the performances.[259] In a 2009 interview, Morrison stated: "I do not consciously aim to take the listener anywhere. If anything, I aim to take myself there in my music. If the listener catches the wavelength of what I am saying or singing, or gets whatever point whatever line means to them, then I guess as a writer I may have done a day's work."[260]
Genre[edit]
The music of Van Morrison has encompassed many genres since his early days as a blues and R&B singer in Belfast. Over the years he has recorded songs from a varying list of genres drawn from many influences and interests. As well as blues and R&B, his compositions and covers have moved between pop music, jazz, rock, folk, country, gospel, Irish folk and traditional, big band, skiffle, rock and roll, new age, classical and sometimes spoken word ("Coney Island") and instrumentals.[261] Morrison defines himself as a soul singer.[262]
Some of Morrison's music has been classified in a genre of its own and referred to as "Celtic soul"[5] or what biographer Brian Hinton referred to as a new alchemy called "Caledonian soul."[242] Another biographer, Ritchie Yorke quoted Morrison as believing that he has "the spirit of Caledonia in his soul and his music reflects it."[263] According to Yorke, Morrison claimed to have discovered "a certain quality of soul" when he first visited Scotland (his Belfast ancestors were of Ulster Scots descent) and Morrison has said he believes there is some connection between soul music and Caledonia. Yorke relates that Morrison "discovered several years after he first began composing music that some of his songs lent themselves to a unique major modal scale (without sevenths) which of course is the same scale as that used by bagpipe players and old Irish and Scottish folk music."[263]
Caledonia[edit]
The name "Caledonia" has played a prominent role in Morrison's life and career. Biographer Ritchie Yorke had pointed out already by 1975 that Morrison has referred to Caledonia so many times in his career that he "seems to be obsessed with the word".[263] In his 2009 biography, Erik Hage found that "Morrison seemed deeply interested in his paternal Scottish roots during his early career, and later in the ancient countryside of England, hence his repeated use of the term Caledonia (an ancient Roman name for Scotland/northern Britain)".[264] As well as being his daughter Shana's middle name, it is the name of his first production company, his studio, his publishing company, two of his backing groups, his parents' record store in Fairfax, California in the 1970s, and he also recorded a cover of the song "Caldonia" (with the name spelled "Caledonia") in 1974.[263][265] Morrison used "Caledonia" in what has been called a quintessential Van Morrison moment in the song, "Listen to the Lion" with the lyrics, "And we sail, and we sail, way up to Caledonia".[266] As late as 2008, Morrison used "Caledonia" as a mantra in the live performance of the song, "Astral Weeks" recorded at the two Hollywood Bowl concerts.[260]
Influence[edit]
Morrison's influence can readily be heard in the music of a diverse array of major artists and according to The Rolling Stone's Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll (Simon & Schuster, 2001), "his influence among rock singers/song writers is unrivaled by any living artist outside of that other prickly legend, Bob Dylan. Echoes of Morrison's rugged literateness and his gruff, feverish emotive vocals can be heard in latter day icons ranging from Bruce Springsteen to Elvis Costello".[233] His influence includes U2 (Bono was quoted saying "I am in awe of a musician like Van Morrison. I had to stop listening to Van Morrison records about six months before we made The Unforgettable Fire because I didn't want his very original soul voice to overpower my own.");[267] John Mellencamp ("Wild Night");[268] Jim Morrison;[48] Joan Armatrading (the only musical influence she will acknowledge);[269] Nick Cave;[270]Rod Stewart;[271] Tom Petty;[272] Rickie Lee Jones (recognises both Laura Nyro and Van Morrison as the main influences on her career);[273][274] Elton John;[275] Graham Parker;[276] Sinéad O'Connor;[277] Phil Lynott of Thin Lizzy;[278] Bob Seger ("I know Bruce Springsteen was very much affected by Van Morrison, and so was I." from Creem interview)[276] ("I've Been Working");[279] Kevin Rowland of Dexys Midnight Runners ("Jackie Wilson Said");[280][281] Jimi Hendrix ("Gloria");[282] Jeff Buckley ("The Way Young Lovers Do", "Sweet Thing");[283] Nick Drake;[284] and numerous others, including the Counting Crows (their "sha-la-la" sequence in Mr Jones, is a tribute to Morrison).[285] Morrison's influence reaches into the country music genre, with Hal Ketchum acknowledging, "He (Van Morrison) was a major influence in my life."[286]
Morrison's influence on the younger generation of singer-songwriters is pervasive: including Irish singer Damien Rice, who has been described as on his way to becoming the "natural heir to Van Morrison";[287] Ray Lamontagne;[288] James Morrison;[289][290] Paolo Nutini;[291] Eric Lindell[292] David Gray and Ed Sheeran[293] are also several of the younger artists influenced by Morrison. Glen Hansard of the Irish rock band The Frames (who lists Van Morrison as being part of his holy trinity with Bob Dylan and Leonard Cohen) commonly covers his songs in concert.[294] American rock band, The Wallflowers have covered "Into the Mystic".[295] Canadian blues-rock singer Colin James also covers the song frequently at his concerts.[296] Actor and musician Robert Pattinson has said that Van Morrison was his "influence for doing music in the first place".[297] Morrison has shared the stage with Northern Irish singer-songwriter Duke Special, who admits Morrison has been a big influence.[298]
Overall, Morrison has typically been supportive of other artists, often willingly sharing the stage with them during his concerts. On the live album, A Night in San Francisco, he had as his special guests, among others, his childhood idols: Jimmy Witherspoon, John Lee Hooker and Junior Wells.[151] Although he often expresses his displeasure (in interviews and songs) with the music industry and the media in general, he has been instrumental in promoting the careers of many other musicians and singers, such as James Hunter,[299] and fellow Belfast-born brothers, Brian and Bap Kennedy.[300][301]
Morrison has also influenced the other arts: the German painter Johannes Heisig created a series of lithographs illustrating the book In the Garden – for Van Morrison, published by Städtische Galerie Sonneberg, Germany, in 1997.[302]
Personal life[edit]



 Morrison and daughter Shana Morrison in Berkeley California; 9 December 2006
Morrison lived in Belfast from birth until 1967, when he moved to New York after signing with Bang Records. Facing deportation due to visa problems, he managed to stay in the US when his American girlfriend Janet (Planet) Rigsbee agreed to marry him.[303] Once married, Morrison and his wife moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he found work performing in local clubs. The couple had one daughter in 1970, Shana Morrison, who has become a singer-songwriter. Morrison and his family moved around America, living in Boston; Woodstock, New York; and a hilltop home in Fairfax, California. His wife appeared on the cover of the album Tupelo Honey. They divorced in 1973.[304][305]
Morrison moved back to Europe in the late 1970s, first settling in London's Notting Hill Gate area.[306] Later, he moved to Bath, where he purchased Wool Hall Studios.[307] He also has a home in the Irish seaside village of Dalkey near Dublin, where legal actions against two different neighbours concerning safety and privacy issues have been taken to court in 2001 and in 2010.[308][309][310][311] In the former case, Morrison pursued his action all the way to the Irish Supreme Court.[312]
In 2001, nine months into a tour with Linda Gail Lewis promoting their collaboration You Win Again, Ms. Lewis left, later filing claims against Morrison for unfair dismissal and sexual discrimination. Both claims were later withdrawn, and Morrison's solicitor was quoted that "(Van's) pleased that these claims have finally been withdrawn. He accepted a full apology and comprehensive retraction which represents a complete vindication of his stance from the outset. Miss Lewis has given a full and categorical apology and retraction to Mr. Morrison."[313]
Morrison met Irish socialite Michelle Rocca in the summer of 1992, and they often featured in the Dublin gossip columns, an unusual event for the reclusive Morrison. Rocca also appeared on one of his album covers, Days Like This.[314] The couple are married and have two children;[315] a daughter was born in January 2006 and a son was born in August 2007.[316][317]
In December 2009, Texas native and Morrison employee Gigi Lee gave birth to a son whom she asserted was Morrison's and whom she named after him. Lee announced the birth of the child on Morrison's official website although Morrison has subsequently denied paternity of the child. It was revealed in December 2011 that Lee died from throat cancer in October 2011 and her son had died previously in January 2011, from complications of diabetes.[318]
Discography[edit]
Main article: Van Morrison discography
Blowin' Your Mind! (1967)
Astral Weeks (1968)
Moondance (1970)
His Band and the Street Choir (1970)
Tupelo Honey (1971)
Saint Dominic's Preview (1972)
Hard Nose the Highway (1973)
Veedon Fleece (1974)
A Period of Transition (1977)
Wavelength (1978)
Into the Music (1979)
Common One (1980)
Beautiful Vision (1982)
Inarticulate Speech of the Heart (1983)
A Sense of Wonder (1985)
No Guru, No Method, No Teacher (1986)
Poetic Champions Compose (1987)
Irish Heartbeat (1988)
Avalon Sunset (1989)
Enlightenment (1990)
Hymns to the Silence (1991)
Too Long in Exile (1993)
Days Like This (1995)
How Long Has This Been Going On (1996)
Tell Me Something: The Songs of Mose Allison (1996)
The Healing Game (1997)
Back on Top (1999)
You Win Again (2000)
Down the Road (2002)
What's Wrong with This Picture? (2003)
Magic Time (2005)
Pay the Devil (2006)
Keep It Simple (2008)
Born to Sing: No Plan B (2012)
Duets: Re-working the Catalogue (2015)
Legacy[edit]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Van Morrison
Morrison has received several major music awards in his career, including six Grammy Awards (1996–2007); inductions into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (January 1993), the Songwriters Hall of Fame (June 2003), and the Irish Music Hall of Fame (September 1999); and a Brit Award (February 1994). In addition he has received civil awards: an OBE (June 1996) and an Officier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (1996). He has honorary doctorates from the University of Ulster (1992) and from Queen's University Belfast (July 2001).
The Hall of Fame inductions began in 1993 with the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame; Morrison becoming notable as the first inductee not to attend his own ceremony,[319][320] - Robbie Robertson from The Band accepted the award on his behalf.[321] When Morrison became the initial musician inducted into the Irish Music Hall of Fame, Bob Geldof presented Morrison with the award.[322] Morrison's third induction was into the Songwriters Hall of Fame for "recognition of his unique position as one of the most important songwriters of the past century". Ray Charles presented the award, following a performance during which the pair performed Morrison's "Crazy Love" from the album, Moondance.[323] Morrison's BRIT Award was for his Outstanding Contribution to British Music.[324] Former Beirut hostage, John McCarthy presented the award; while testifying to the importance of Morrison's song "Wonderful Remark" McCarthy called it "a song ... which was very important to us."[325]
Morrison received two civil awards in 1996, firstly the Order of the British Empire for his service to music,[326] secondly an award from the French government which made him an Officier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.[327] Along with these state awards he has two honorary degrees in music; an honorary doctorate in literature from the University of Ulster,[328] and an honorary doctorate in music from Queen's University in his hometown of Belfast.[329]
Other awards include an Ivor Novello Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1995,[330] the BMI ICON award in October 2004 for Morrison's "enduring influence on generations of music makers",[331] and an Oscar Wilde: Honouring Irish Writing in Film award in 2007 for his contribution to over fifty films, presented by Al Pacino, who compared Morrison to Oscar Wilde - both "visionaries who push boundaries".[332] He was voted the Best International Male Singer of 2007 at the inaugural International Awards in Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club, London.[333]
Morrison has also appeared in a number of "Greatest" lists, including the TIME magazine list of The All-Time 100 Albums,[334] which contained Astral Weeks and Moondance, and he appeared at number thirteen on the list of WXPN's 885 All Time Greatest Artists.[335] In 2000, Morrison ranked twenty-fifth on American cable music channel VH1's list of its "100 Greatest Artists of Rock and Roll".[336] In 2004, Rolling Stone magazine ranked Van Morrison forty-second on their list of "Greatest Artists of All Time".[337] Paste ranked him twentieth in their list of "100 Greatest Living Songwriters" in 2006.[338] Q ranked him twenty-second on their list of "100 Greatest Singers" in April 2007[339] and he was voted twenty-fourth on the November 2008 list of Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Singers of All Time.[340]
Three of Morrison's songs appear in The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll: "Brown Eyed Girl", "Madame George" and "Moondance".[341]
Morrison has been announced as of the 2010 honorees listed in the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[342]
In August 2013, it was announced that Morrison would receive the Freedom of Belfast, the highest honour the city can bestow.[343] On 15 November 2013, Morrison became the 79th recipient of the award, presented at the Waterfront Hall for his career achievements. After receiving the award, he performed a free concert for residents who won tickets from a lottery system.[344]
In August 2014, a "Van Morrison Trail" was established in East Belfast by Morrison in partnership with the Connswater Community Greenway. It is a self-guided trail, which over the course of 3.5 kilometers leads to eight places that were important to Morrison and inspirational to his music.[345]
On 2 September 2014, Morrison was presented with the Legend award at the GQ Men of the Year ceremony at Royal Opera House in London.[346]
On 13 October 2014, Morrison received his fifth BMI Million-Air Award for 11 million radio plays of the song Brown Eyed Girl making it one of the Top 10 Songs of all time on US radio and television. Morrison has also received Million-Air awards for Have I Told You Lately [347]
The Songwriter's Hall of Fame announced on 8 April 2015 that Morrison will be the 2015 recipient of the Johnny Mercer Award on 18 June 2015 at their 46th Annual Induction and Awards Dinner in New York City.[348]
See also[edit]

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References[edit]
Footnotes
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12.Jump up ^ Hinton (1997), page 20.
13.Jump up ^ Wild, David (2 June 2005). "Renaissance Van". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 18 June 2008. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
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BibliographyCollis, John (1996). Inarticulate Speech of the Heart, Little Brown and Company, ISBN 0-306-80811-0
Hage, Erik (2009). The Words and Music of Van Morrison, Praeger Publishers, ISBN 978-0-313-35862-3
Heylin, Clinton (2003). Can You Feel the Silence? Van Morrison: A New Biography, Chicago Review Press, ISBN 1-55652-542-7
Hinton, Brian (1997). Celtic Crossroads: The Art of Van Morrison, Sanctuary, ISBN 1-86074-169-X
Marcus, Greil. 1992. "Van Morrison." In: The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll. Anthony DeCurtis and James Henke, with Holly George-Warren, eds. (original ed. Jim Miller): pp442–447. New York: Random House, ISBN 978-0-679-73728-5
Marcus, Greil (2010). When That Rough God Goes Riding: Listening to Van Morrison, Public Affairs, ISBN 978-1-58648-821-5
Moon, Tom (2008). 1,000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die, Workman Publishing Company, ISBN 978-0-7611-3963-8
Rogan, Johnny (2006). Van Morrison: No Surrender, London: Vintage Books ISBN 978-0-09-943183-1
Rosenthal, Elizabeth. (2001) His Song: The Musical Journey of Elton John, Billboard Books, ISBN 0-8230-8893-6
"The Immortals: The First Fifty". Rolling Stone Issue 946.
Turner, Steve (1993). Van Morrison: Too Late to Stop Now, Viking Penguin, ISBN 0-670-85147-7
"Van Morrison". Peter Wolfe. Rolling Stone Issue 946.
Yorke, Ritchie (1975). Into The Music, London: Charisma Books, ISBN 0-85947-013-X
Further readingBrooks, Ken (1999). In Search of Van Morrison, Agenda, ISBN 1-899882-95-2
Buzacott, Martin; Ford, Andrew (2005) Speaking in Tongues: The Songs of Van Morrison, ABC, ISBN 0-7333-1297-7
Dawe, Gerald (2007). My Mother-City, Belfast:Lagan Press – (Includes section on Van Morrison from previous edition, The Rest is History, Newry:Abbey Press, 1998)
DeWitt, Howard A. (1983). Van Morrison: The Mystic's Music, Horizon Books, ISBN 0-938840-02-9
Mills, Peter (2010). Hymns To The Silence: Inside the Music and Lyrics of Van Morrison, Continuum, ISBN 978-0-8264-2976-6
External links[edit]

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Categories: Van Morrison
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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Morrison








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Van Morrison

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Van Morrison
OBE
Van Morrison at Notodden Blues Festival.JPG
Van Morrison at Notodden Blues Festival 2013

Background information

Birth name
George Ivan Morrison
Also known as
Van the Man
 The Belfast Cowboy
Born
31 August 1945 (age 69)
Origin
Belfast, Northern Ireland
Genres
Rock, blues, folk, blue-eyed soul, Celtic, jazz, pop, country, skiffle, gospel
Occupation(s)
Singer-songwriter, musician
Instruments
Vocals, guitar, harmonica, saxophones, keyboards, drums, tambourine, ukulele
Years active
1958–present
Labels
Decca, Bang, Warner Bros., London, Mercury, Exile/Polydor, Verve, Point Blank, Virgin, Universal, Blue Note, Lost Highway, Listen to the Lion/EMI, Manhattan, RCA (2014-present)
Associated acts
Them
Website
www.vanmorrison.com
George Ivan "Van" Morrison, OBE (born 31 August 1945) is a Northern Irish singer-songwriter and musician. Some of his recordings, such as the studio albums Astral Weeks and Moondance and the live album It's Too Late to Stop Now, are critically acclaimed. He has received six Grammy Awards, the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music, been inducted into both the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Known as "Van the Man" to his fans, Morrison started his professional career when, as a teenager in the late 1950s, he played a variety of instruments including guitar, harmonica, keyboards and saxophone for various Irish showbands covering the popular hits of the day. He rose to prominence in the mid-1960s as the lead singer of the Northern Irish R&B band Them, with whom he recorded the garage band classic "Gloria". His solo career began under the pop-hit oriented guidance of Bert Berns with the release of the hit single "Brown Eyed Girl" in 1967. After Berns' death, Warner Bros. Records bought out his contract and allowed him three sessions to record Astral Weeks in 1968.[1] Even though this album would gradually garner high praise, it was initially a poor seller; however, the next one, Moondance, established Morrison as a major artist,[2] and throughout the 1970s he built on his reputation with a series of critically acclaimed albums and live performances. Morrison continues to record and tour, producing albums and live performances that sell well and are generally warmly received, sometimes collaborating with other artists, such as Georgie Fame and The Chieftains. In 2008 he performed Astral Weeks live for the first time since 1968.
Much of Morrison's music is structured around the conventions of soul music and R&B, such as the popular singles "Brown Eyed Girl", "Jackie Wilson Said (I'm in Heaven When You Smile)", "Domino" and "Wild Night". An equal part of his catalogue consists of lengthy, loosely connected, spiritually inspired musical journeys that show the influence of Celtic tradition, jazz, and stream-of-consciousness narrative, such as Astral Weeks and lesser-known works such as Veedon Fleece and Common One.[3][4] The two strains together are sometimes referred to as "Celtic Soul".[5]


Contents  [hide]
1 Life and career 1.1 Early life and musical roots: 1945–64
1.2 Them: 1964–66
1.3 Start of solo career with Bang Records and "Brown Eyed Girl" – 1967
1.4 Astral Weeks – 1968
1.5 From Moondance to Into the Music: 1970–79
1.6 Common One to Avalon Sunset: 1980–89
1.7 The Best of Van Morrison to Back on Top: 1990–99
1.8 Recent years: 2000–present
2 Live performances
3 Collaborations
4 Music 4.1 Vocals
4.2 Songwriting and lyrics
4.3 Performance style
4.4 Genre
5 Caledonia
6 Influence
7 Personal life
8 Discography
9 Legacy
10 See also
11 References
12 External links

Life and career[edit]
Early life and musical roots: 1945–64[edit]
George Ivan (Van) Morrison was born on 31 August 1945, at 125 Hynford Street, Bloomfield, Belfast, Northern Ireland, as the only child of George Morrison, a shipyard electrician, and Violet Stitt Morrison, a singer and tap dancer in her youth.[6] Van Morrison's family roots descend from the Ulster Scots population that settled in Belfast.[7][8][9] From 1950 to 1956, Morrison, who began to be known as "Van" during this time, attended Elmgrove Primary School.[10] Morrison's father had what was at the time one of the largest record collections in Ulster (acquired during his sojourn in Detroit, Michigan in the early 1950s),[11] and the young Morrison grew up listening to artists such as Jelly Roll Morton, Ray Charles, Lead Belly, and Solomon Burke;[10][12] of whom Morrison later said, "If it weren't for guys like Ray and Solomon, I wouldn't be where I am today. Those guys were the inspiration that got me going. If it wasn't for that kind of music, I couldn't do what I'm doing now."[13] His father's record collection exposed him to various musical genres, such as the blues of Muddy Waters; the gospel of Mahalia Jackson; the jazz of Charlie Parker; the folk music of Woody Guthrie; and country music from Hank Williams and Jimmie Rodgers,[10] while the first record he ever bought was by blues musician Sonny Terry.[14] When Lonnie Donegan had a hit with "Rock Island Line", written by Huddie Ledbetter (Lead Belly), Morrison felt he was familiar with and able to connect with skiffle music as he had been hearing Lead Belly before that.[15][16]
Morrison's father bought him his first acoustic guitar when he was eleven, and he learned to play rudimentary chords from the song book, The Carter Family Style, edited by Alan Lomax.[17] A year later, when he was twelve years old, Morrison formed his first band,[18] a skiffle group, "The Sputniks", named after the recently launched Soviet satellite, Sputnik 1.[19] In 1958, the band played at some of the local cinemas, and Morrison took the lead, contributing most of the singing and arranging. Other short-lived groups followed – at fourteen, he formed Midnight Special, another modified skiffle band and played at a school concert.[17] Then, when he heard Jimmy Giuffre playing saxophone on "The Train and The River", he talked his father into buying him a saxophone,[20] and took lessons in tenor sax and music reading.[21] Now playing the saxophone, Morrison joined with various local bands, including one called Deanie Sands and the Javelins, with whom he played guitar and shared singing. The line-up of the band was lead vocalist Deanie Sands, guitarist George Jones and drummer, vocalist Roy Kane.[22] Later the four main musicians of the Javelins, with the addition of Wesley Black as pianist, became known as the Monarchs.[23]
Morrison attended Orangefield Boys Secondary School, leaving in July 1960 with no qualifications.[24] As a member of a working-class community, it was expected that he would get a regular full-time job,[23] so after several short apprenticeship positions, he settled into a job as a window cleaner—later alluded to in his songs "Cleaning Windows" and "Saint Dominic's Preview".[25] However, he had been developing his musical interests from an early age and continued playing with the Monarchs part-time. Young Morrison also played with the Harry Mack Showband, the Great Eight, with his older workplace friend, Geordie (G. D.) Sproule, whom he later named as one of his biggest influences.[26]
At age 17, he toured Europe for the first time with the Monarchs, now calling themselves the International Monarchs. This Irish showband,[27] with Morrison playing saxophone, guitar and harp, in addition to back-up duty on bass and drums, toured steamy clubs and US Army bases in Scotland, England, and Germany, often playing five sets a night.[22] While in Germany, the band recorded a single, "Boozoo Hully Gully"/"Twingy Baby", under the name Georgie and The Monarchs. This was Morrison's first recording, taking place in November 1963 at Ariola Studios in Cologne with Morrison on saxophone; it made the lower reaches of the German charts.[28][29]
Upon returning to Belfast in November 1963, the group disbanded,[30] so Morrison connected with Geordie Sproule again and played with him in the Manhattan Showband along with guitarist Herbie Armstrong. When Armstrong auditioned to play with Brian Rossi and the Golden Eagles, later known as the Wheels, Morrison went along and was hired as a blues singer.[31][32]
Them: 1964–66[edit]
Main article: Them (band)
The roots of Them, the band that first broke Morrison on the international scene, came in April 1964 when Morrison responded to an advert for musicians to play at a new R&B club at the Maritime Hotel – an old dance hall frequented by sailors.[33] The new R&B club needed a band for its opening night; however, Morrison had left the Golden Eagles (the group with which he had been performing at the time), so he created a new band out of The Gamblers, an East Belfast group formed by Ronnie Millings, Billy Harrison, and Alan Henderson in 1962.[34][35] Eric Wrixon, still a schoolboy, was the piano player and keyboardist.[36] Morrison played saxophone and harmonica and shared vocals with Billy Harrison. They followed Eric Wrixon's suggestion for a new name, and The Gamblers morphed into Them, their name taken from the Fifties horror movie Them!.[37]
The band's strong R&B performances at the Maritime attracted attention. Them performed without a routine and Morrison ad libbed, creating his songs live as he performed.[38] While the band did covers, they also played some of Morrison's early songs, such as "Could You Would You", which he had written in Camden Town while touring with The Manhattan Showband.[39] The debut of Morrison's "Gloria" took place on stage here. Sometimes, depending on his mood, the song could last up to twenty minutes. Morrison has stated that "Them lived and died on the stage at the Maritime Hotel," believing that the band did not manage to capture the spontaneity and energy of their live performances on their records.[40] The statement also reflected the instability of the Them line-up, with numerous members passing through the ranks after the definitive Maritime period. Morrison and Henderson would remain the only constants, and a less successful version of Them even soldiered on after Morrison's departure.[41]
Dick Rowe of Decca Records became aware of the band's performances, and signed Them to a standard two-year contract. In that period, they released two albums and ten singles, with two more singles released after Morrison departed the band. They had three chart hits, "Baby, Please Don't Go" (1964), "Here Comes the Night" (1965), and "Mystic Eyes" (1965),[42] though it was the b-side of "Baby, Please Don't Go", the garage band classic, "Gloria",[43] that went on to become a rock standard covered by Patti Smith, The Doors, Shadows of Knight, Jimi Hendrix and many others.[44]




"Gloria"







Morrison's garage rock classic was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. As described by Paul Williams: "Van Morrison's voice a fierce beacon in the darkness, the lighthouse at the end of the world. Resulting in one of the most perfect rock anthems known to humankind."[45]

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Building on the success of their singles in the United States, and riding on the back of the British Invasion, Them undertook a two-month tour of America in May and June 1966 that included a residency from 30 May to 18 June at the Whisky a Go Go in Los Angeles.[46] The Doors were the supporting act on the last week,[47] and Morrison's influence on The Doors singer, Jim Morrison, was noted by John Densmore in his book Riders On The Storm. Brian Hinton relates how "Jim Morrison learned quickly from his near namesake's stagecraft, his apparent recklessness, his air of subdued menace, the way he would improvise poetry to a rock beat, even his habit of crouching down by the bass drum during instrumental breaks."[48] On the final night, the two Morrisons and the two bands jammed together on "Gloria".[49][50][51]
Toward the end of the tour the band members became involved in a dispute with their manager, Decca Records' Phil Solomon, over the revenues paid to the band; that, coupled with the expiry of their work visas, meant the band returned from America dejected. After two more concerts in Ireland, Them split up. Morrison concentrated on writing some of the songs that would appear on Astral Weeks, while the remnants of the band reformed in 1967 and relocated in America.[52]
Start of solo career with Bang Records and "Brown Eyed Girl" – 1967[edit]




"Brown Eyed Girl"







Morrison's classic 1967 hit single which appeared on the album Blowin' Your Mind!. In 2007, it was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.[53]

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Bert Berns, Them’s producer and composer of their 1965 hit, "Here Comes the Night", persuaded Morrison to return to New York to record solo for his new label, Bang Records.[54] Morrison flew over and signed a contract he had not fully studied.[55] Then, during a two-day recording session at A & R Studios starting 28 March 1967, eight songs were recorded, originally intended to be used as four singles.[56] Instead, these songs were released as the album Blowin' Your Mind! without Morrison being consulted. He said he only became aware of the album's release when a friend mentioned on a phone call that he had just bought a copy of it. He later commented to Donal Corvin in a 1973 interview: "I wasn't really happy with it. He picked the bands and tunes. I had a different concept of it."[57]
However, from these early sessions emerged "Brown Eyed Girl". Captured on the 22nd take on the first day,[58] this song was released as a single in mid-June 1967,[59] reaching number ten in the US charts in 1967. "Brown Eyed Girl" became Morrison's most played song and over the years it has remained a classic; forty years later in 2007, it was the fourth most requested song of DJs in the US.[60]
Following the death of Berns in 1967, Morrison became involved in a contract dispute with Berns' widow, Ilene Berns, that prevented him from performing on stage or recording in the New York area.[61] The song "Big Time Operators", released in 1993, is thought to allude to his dealings with the New York music business during this time period.[62] He then moved to Boston, Massachusetts, and was soon confronted with personal and financial problems; he had "slipped into a malaise" and had trouble finding concert bookings.[63] However, through the few gigs he could find, he regained his professional footing and started recording with the Warner Bros. Records label.[64][65] The record company managed to buy out his contract with Bang Records. Morrison fulfilled a clause that bound him to submit thirty-six original songs within a year to Web IV Music, Berns' music publishing company, by recording thirty-one songs in one session; however, Ilene Berns thought the songs "nonsense music ... about ringworms" and did not use them.[66][67] The throwaway compositions would come to be known as the "revenge" songs.[68]
Astral Weeks – 1968[edit]
Main article: Astral Weeks



"Astral Weeks is about the power of the human voice – ecstatic agony, agonising ecstacy. Here is an Irish tenor reborn as a White Negro – a Caucasian Soul Man – pleading and beseeching over a bed of dreamy folk-jazz instrumentation: acoustic bass, brushed drums, vibes and acoustic guitar, the odd string quartet – and of course flute."
–Barney Hoskyns – Mojo[69]




Astral Weeks







The 1968 title song featuring the opening lines of the album: "If I ventured in the slipstream between the viaducts of your dream". His early voice was described as "flinty and tender, beseeching and plaintive".[70]

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His first album for Warner Bros. Records was Astral Weeks (which he had already performed in several clubs around Boston), a mystical song cycle, often considered to be his best work and one of the best albums of all time.[71] [72][73] Morrison has said, "When Astral Weeks came out, I was starving, literally."[74] Released in 1968, the album eventually achieved critical acclaim, but it originally received an indifferent response from the public. To this day, it remains in an unclassifiable music genre and has been described variously as hypnotic, meditative, and as possessing a unique musical power.[72] It has been compared to French Impressionism and mystical Celtic poetry.[75][76][77] A 2004 Rolling Stone magazine review begins with the words: "This is music of such enigmatic beauty that thirty-five years after its release, Astral Weeks still defies easy, admiring description."[78] Alan Light would later describe Astral Weeks as "like nothing he had done previously—and really, nothing anyone had done previously. Morrison sings of lost love, death, and nostalgia for childhood in the Celtic soul that would become his signature."[5] It has been placed on many lists of best albums of all time. In the 1995 Mojo list of 100 Best Albums, it was listed as number two and was number nineteen on the Rolling Stone magazine's The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time in 2003.[79][80] In December 2009, it was voted the top Irish album of all time by a poll of leading Irish musicians conducted by Hot Press magazine.[81][82]
From Moondance to Into the Music: 1970–79[edit]



 Morrison in 1972
Morrison's third solo album, Moondance, which was released in 1970, became his first million selling album and reached number twenty-nine on the Billboard charts.[83][84][85] The style of Moondance stood in contrast to that of Astral Weeks. Whereas Astral Weeks had a sorrowful and vulnerable tone, Moondance restored a more optimistic and cheerful message to his music.[86] The title track, although not released in the US as a single until 1977, received heavy play in FM radio formats.[87] "Into the Mystic" has also gained a wide following over the years.[88][89] "Come Running", which reached the American Top 40, rescued Morrison from what seemed then as Hot 100 obscurity.[90] Moondance was both well received and favourably reviewed. Lester Bangs and Greil Marcus had a combined full page review in Rolling Stone, stating that Morrison now had "the striking imagination of a consciousness that is visionary in the strongest sense of the word."[91] "That was the type of band I dig," Morrison said of the Moondance sessions. "Two horns and a rhythm section – they're the type of bands that I like best." He produced the album himself as he felt like nobody else knew what he wanted.[92] Moondance was listed at number sixty-five on the Rolling Stone magazine's The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[80] In March 2007, Moondance was listed as number seventy-two on the NARM Rock and Roll Hall of Fame list of the "Definitive 200".[93]
Over the next few years, he released a succession of albums, starting with a second one in 1970. His Band and the Street Choir had a freer, more relaxed sound than Moondance, but not the perfection, in the opinion of critic Jon Landau, who felt like "a few more numbers with a gravity of 'Street Choir' would have made this album as perfect as anyone could have stood."[94] It contained the hit single "Domino", which charted at number nine in the Billboard Hot 100.[95]
In 1971, he released another well-received album, Tupelo Honey.[96] This album produced the hit single "Wild Night" that was later covered by John Mellencamp. The title song has a notably country-soul feel about it[97] and the album ended with another country tune, "Moonshine Whiskey". Morrison said he originally intended to make an all country album.[98] The recordings were as live as possible – after rehearsing the songs the musicians would go into the studio and play a whole set in one take.[99] His co-producer, Ted Templeman, described this recording process as the "scariest thing I've ever seen. When he's got something together, he wants to put it down right away with no overdubbing."[100]
Released in 1972, Saint Dominic's Preview revealed Morrison's break from the more accessible style of his previous three albums and moving back towards the more daring, adventurous, and meditative aspects of Astral Weeks. The combination of two styles of music demonstrated a versatility not previously found in his earlier albums.[101] Two songs, "Jackie Wilson Said (I'm in Heaven When You Smile)" and "Redwood Tree", reached the Hot 100 singles chart.[90] The songs "Listen to the Lion" and "Almost Independence Day" are each over ten minutes long and employ the type of poetic imagery not heard since Astral Weeks.[101][102] It was his highest charting album in the US until his Top Ten debut on Billboard 200 in 2008.[103]
He released his next album Hard Nose the Highway in 1973 receiving mixed, but mostly negative, reviews. The album contained the popular song "Warm Love" but otherwise has been largely dismissed critically.[104] In a 1973 Rolling Stone review, it was described as: "psychologically complex, musically somewhat uneven and lyrically excellent."[105]
During a three-week vacation visit to Ireland in October 1973, Morrison wrote seven of the songs that would make up his next album, Veedon Fleece.[106] Though it attracted scant initial attention, its critical stature grew markedly over the years—with Veedon Fleece now often considered to be one of Morrison's most impressive and poetic works.[107][108] In a 2008 Rolling Stone review, Andy Greene writes that when released in late 1974: "it was greeted by a collective shrug by the rock critical establishment" and concludes: "He's released many wonderful albums since, but he's never again hit the majestic heights of this one."[109] "You Don't Pull No Punches, But You Don't Push the River", one of the album's side closers, exemplifies the long, hypnotic, cryptic Morrison with its references to visionary poet William Blake and to the seemingly Grail-like Veedon Fleece object.[110]
Morrison would not release a follow-up album for another three years. After a decade without taking time off, he said in an interview, he needed to get away from music completely and ceased listening to it for several months.[111] Also suffering from writer's block, he seriously considered leaving the music business for good.[112] Speculation that an extended jam session would be released either under the title Mechanical Bliss, or Naked in the Jungle, or Stiff Upper Lip, came to nothing,[113] and Morrison's next album was A Period of Transition in 1977, a collaboration with Dr. John, who had appeared at The Last Waltz concert with Morrison in 1976. The album received a mild critical reception and marked the beginning of a very prolific period of song making.




"Wavelength"







Morrison sings the opening lines in falsetto and synthesisers mimic the sounds of the short wave radio stations that he listened to as a boy.

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Into the Music: "The album's last four songs, "Angelou", "And the Healing Has Begun", and "It's All in the Game/You Know What They're Writing About" are a veritable tour-de-force with Morrison summoning every vocal trick at his disposal from "Angelou's climactic shouts to the sexually-charged, half-mumbled monologue in "And the Healing Has Begun" to the barely audible whisper that is the album's final sound." (Scott Thomas Review')
The following year, Morrison released Wavelength; it became at that time the fastest-selling album of his career and soon went gold.[114] The title track became a modest hit, peaking at number forty-two. Making use of 1970s synthesisers, it mimics the sounds of the shortwave radio stations that he listened to in his youth.[115] The opening track, "Kingdom Hall" evoked Morrison's own childhood experiences attending church with his mother[114] and foretold a religious theme that would be more evident in his next album, Into the Music.[116]
Considered by AllMusic as "the definitive post-classic-era Morrison",[117] Into the Music, was released in the last year of the 1970s. Songs on this album for the first time alluded to the healing power of music, which would become an abiding interest of Morrison's.[118] "Bright Side of the Road" was a joyful, uplifting song that would appear on the soundtrack of the movie, Michael.[119]
Common One to Avalon Sunset: 1980–89[edit]
With his next album, the new decade found Morrison following his muse into uncharted territory and merciless reviews.[120][121] In February 1980, Morrison and a group of musicians travelled to Super Bear, a studio in the French Alps, to record (on the site of a former abbey) what is considered to be the most controversial album in his discography; later "Morrison admitted that his original concept was even more esoteric than the final product."[122][123] The album, Common One, consisted of six songs, each of varying length. The longest, "Summertime in England", lasted fifteen and one-half minutes and ended with the words,"Can you feel the silence?". NME magazine's Paul Du Noyer called the album "colossally smug and cosmically dull; an interminable, vacuous and drearily egotistical stab at spirituality: Into the muzak."[122] Even Greil Marcus, whose previous writings had been favourably inclined towards Morrison, said: "It's Van acting the part of the 'mystic poet' he thinks he's supposed to be."[120] Morrison insisted that the album was never "meant to be a commercial album."[120] Biographer Clinton Heylin concludes: "He would not attempt anything so ambitious again. Henceforth every radical idea would be tempered by some notion of commerciality."[123] Later the critics would reassess the album more favourably with the success of "Summertime in England".[123] Lester Bangs wrote in 1982, "Van was making holy music even though he thought he was, and us rock critics had made our usual mistake of paying too much attention to the lyrics."[120]
Morrison's next album, Beautiful Vision, released in 1982, had him returning once again to the music of his Northern Irish roots.[124] Well received by the critics and public, it produced a minor UK hit single, "Cleaning Windows", that referenced one of Morrison's first jobs after leaving school.[125] Several other songs on the album, "Vanlose Stairway", "She Gives Me Religion", and the instrumental, "Scandinavia" show the presence of a new personal muse in his life: a Danish public relations agent, who would share Morrison's spiritual interests and serve as a steadying influence on him throughout most of the 1980s.[126] "Scandinavia", with Morrison on piano,[127] was nominated in the Best Rock Instrumental Performance category for the 25th Annual Grammy Awards.[128]
Much of the music Morrison released throughout the 1980s continued to focus on the themes of spirituality and faith. His 1983 album, Inarticulate Speech of the Heart was "a move towards creating music for meditation" with synthesisers, uilleann pipes and flute sounds and four of the tracks were instrumentals.[129] The titling of the album and the presence of the instrumentals were noted to be indicative of Morrison's long-held belief that "it's not the words one uses but the force of conviction behind those words that matters."[127] During this period of time, Morrison had studied Scientology and gave "Special Thanks" to L. Ron Hubbard on the album's credits.[130]
A Sense of Wonder, Morrison's 1985 album, pulled together the spiritual themes contained in his last four albums, which were defined in a Rolling Stone review as: "rebirth (Into the Music), deep contemplation and meditation, (Common One); ecstasy and humility (Beautiful Vision); and blissful, mantra like languor (Inarticulate Speech of the Heart)."[131] The single, "Tore Down a la Rimbaud" was a reference to Rimbaud and an earlier bout of writer's block that Morrison had encountered in 1974.[132] In 1985, Morrison also wrote the musical score for the movie, Lamb starring Liam Neeson.[133]
Morrison's 1986 release, No Guru, No Method, No Teacher, was said to contain a "genuine holiness...and musical freshness that needs to be set in context to understand."[134] Critical response was favourable with a Sounds reviewer calling the album "his most intriguingly involved since Astral Weeks" and "Morrison at his most mystical, magical best."[135][136] It contains the song, "In the Garden" that, according to Morrison, had a "definite meditation process which is a 'form' of transcendental meditation as its basis. It's not TM".[134] He entitled the album as a rebuttal to media attempts to place him in various creeds.[137] In an interview in the Observer he told Anthony Denselow:

There have been many lies put out about me and this finally states my position. I have never joined any organisation, nor plan to. I am not affiliated to any guru, don't subscribe to any method and for those people who don't know what a guru is, I don't have a teacher either.[138]
After releasing the "No Guru" album, Morrison's music appeared less gritty and more adult contemporary with the well-received 1987 album, Poetic Champions Compose, considered to be one of his recording highlights of the 1980s.[139] The romantic ballad from this album, "Someone Like You", has been featured subsequently in the soundtracks of several movies, including 1995's French Kiss, and in 2001, both Someone Like You and Bridget Jones's Diary.[119][140]
In 1988, he released Irish Heartbeat, a collection of traditional Irish folk songs recorded with the Irish group, The Chieftains, which reached number 18 in the UK album charts. The title song, "Irish Heartbeat", was originally recorded on his 1983 album Inarticulate Speech of the Heart.[141]
The 1989 album, Avalon Sunset, which featured the hit duet with Cliff Richard "Whenever God Shines His Light" and the ballad "Have I Told You Lately" (on which "earthly love transmutes into that for God"(Hinton)),[142] reached 13 on the UK album chart. Although considered to be a deeply spiritual album,[143] it also contained "Daring Night", which "deals with full, blazing sex, whatever its churchy organ and gentle lilt suggest"(Hinton).[144] Morrison's familiar themes of "God, woman, his childhood in Belfast and those enchanted moments when time stands still" were prominent in the songs.[145] He can be heard calling out the change of tempo at the end of this song, repeating the numbers "1 – 4" to cue the chord changes (the first and fourth chord in the key of the music). He often completed albums in two days, frequently releasing first takes.[146][147]
The Best of Van Morrison to Back on Top: 1990–99[edit]
The early to middle 1990s were commercially successful for Morrison with three albums reaching the top five of the UK charts, sold-out concerts, and a more visible public profile; but this period also marked a decline in the critical reception to his work.[148] The decade began with the release of The Best of Van Morrison; compiled by Morrison himself, the album was focused on his hit singles, and became a multi-platinum success remaining a year and a half on the UK charts. AllMusic determined it to be "far and away the best selling album of his career."[88][149] After Enlightenment which included the hit singles "Real Real Gone" and the title cut in 1990, an ambitious double album "Hymns to the Silence" was released the following year, his only double studio album. Another compilation album, The Best of Van Morrison Volume Two was released in January 1993, followed by Too Long in Exile in June, another top five chart success.[150] The 1994 live double album A Night in San Francisco received favourable reviews as well as commercial success by reaching number eight on the UK charts.[151][152][153][154] 1995's Days Like This also had large sales – though the critical reviews were not always favourable.[155] This period also saw a number of side projects, including the live jazz performances of 1996's How Long Has This Been Going On, from the same year Tell Me Something: The Songs of Mose Allison, and 2000's The Skiffle Sessions – Live in Belfast 1998, all of which found Morrison paying tribute to his early musical influences.
In 1997, Morrison released The Healing Game. The album received mixed reviews, with the lyrics being described as "tired" and "dull",[156] though critic Greil Marcus praised the musical complexity of the album by saying: "It carries the listener into a musical home so perfect and complete he or she might have forgotten that music could call up such a place, and then populate it with people, acts, wishes, fears."[157] The following year, Morrison finally released some of his previously unissued studio recordings in a two-disc set, The Philosopher's Stone. His next release, 1999's Back on Top, achieved a modest success, being his highest charting album in the US since 1978's Wavelength.[158]
Recent years: 2000–present[edit]
Van Morrison continued to record and tour in the 2000s, often performing two or three times a week.[159] He formed his own independent label, Exile Productions Ltd, which enables him to maintain full production control of each album he records, which he then delivers as a finished product to the recording label that he chooses, for marketing and distribution.[160]
The album, Down the Road released in May 2002, received a good critical reception and proved to be his highest charting album in the US since 1972's Saint Dominic's Preview.[103] It had a nostalgic tone, with its fifteen tracks representing the various musical genres that Morrison had previously covered—including R&B, blues, country and folk;[161] one of the tracks was written as a tribute to his late father George, who had played a pivotal role in nurturing his early musical tastes.[10]
Morrison's 2005 album, Magic Time, debuted at number twenty-five on the US Billboard 200 charts upon its May release, some forty years after Morrison first entered the public's eye as the frontman of Them. Rolling Stone listed it as number seventeen on The Top 50 Records of 2005.[162] Also in July 2005, Morrison was named by Amazon as one of their top twenty-five all-time best-selling artists and inducted into the Amazon.com Hall of Fame.[163] Later in the year, Morrison also donated a previously unreleased studio track to a charity album, Hurricane Relief: Come Together Now, which raised money for relief efforts intended for Gulf Coast victims devastated by hurricanes, Katrina and Rita.[164] Morrison composed the song, "Blue and Green", featuring Foggy Lyttle on guitar. This song was released in 2007 on the album, The Best of Van Morrison Volume 3 and also as a single in the UK. Van Morrison was a headline act at the international Celtic music festival, The Hebridean Celtic Festival in Stornoway Outer Hebrides in the summer of 2005.[165]
He released an album with a country music theme, entitled Pay the Devil, on 7 March 2006 and appeared at the Ryman Auditorium where the tickets sold out immediately after they went on sale.[166] Pay the Devil debuted at number twenty-six on The Billboard 200 and peaked at number seven on Top Country Albums.[167][168] Amazon Best of 2006 Editor's Picks in Country listed the country album at number ten in December 2006. Still promoting the country album, Morrison's performance as the headline act on the first night of the Austin City Limits Music Festival on 15 September 2006 was reviewed by Rolling Stone magazine as one of the top ten shows of the 2006 festival.[169] In November 2006, a limited edition album, Live at Austin City Limits Festival was issued by Exile Productions, Ltd. A later deluxe CD/DVD release of Pay the Devil, in the summer of 2006 contained tracks from the Ryman performance.[170] In October 2006, Morrison had released his first commercial DVD, Live at Montreux 1980/1974 with concerts taken from two separate appearances at the Montreux Jazz Festival.
A new double CD compilation album The Best of Van Morrison Volume 3 was released in June 2007 containing thirty-one tracks, some of which were previously unreleased. Morrison selected the tracks, which ranged from the 1993 album Too Long in Exile to the song "Stranded" from the 2005 album Magic Time.[171] On 3 September 2007, Morrison's complete catalogue of albums from 1971 through 2002 were made available exclusively at the iTunes Store in Europe and Australia and during the first week of October 2007, the albums became available at the US iTunes Store.[172]
Still on Top – The Greatest Hits, a thirty-seven track double CD compilation album was released on 22 October 2007 in the UK on the Polydor label. On 29 October 2007, the album charted at number two on the Official UK Top 75 Albums—his highest UK charting.[173] The November release in the US and Canada contains twenty-one selected tracks.[174] The hits that were released on albums with the copyrights owned by Morrison as Exile Productions Ltd.—1971 and later—had been remastered in 2007.
Keep It Simple, Morrison's 33rd studio album of completely new material was released by Exile/Polydor Records on 17 March 2008 in the UK and released by Exile/Lost Highway Records in the US and Canada on 1 April 2008.[175] It comprised eleven self-penned tracks. Morrison promoted the album with a short US tour including an appearance at the SXSW music conference,[176][177] and a UK concert broadcast on BBC Radio 2. In the first week of release Keep It Simple debuted on the Billboard 200 chart at number ten, Morrison's first Top Ten charting in the US.[178]
Morrison released his 34th studio album, Born to Sing: No Plan B on 2 October 2012 on Blue Note Records. The album was recorded in Belfast, Morrison's birthplace and hometown.[179] The first single from this album, "Open the Door (To Your Heart)", was released on 24 August 2012.[180]
A selection of Morrison's lyrics, Lit Up Inside, was published by City Lights Books in the US and Faber & Faber in the UK [181] the book was released on 2 October 2014 and an evening of words and music commenced at the Lyric Theatre, London on 17 November 2014 to mark its launch. Morrison himself selected his best and most iconic lyrics from a catalog of 50 years of writing [182]
Morrison's 35th studio album, Duets: Re-working the Catalogue was released on 24 March 2015 on the RCA record label.[183]
Live performances[edit]



 A smiling Van Morrison performing at the Marin Civic Center, 2007.
By 1972, after being a performer for nearly ten years, Morrison began experiencing stage fright when performing for audiences of thousands, as opposed to the hundreds as he had experienced in his early career. He became anxious on stage and would have difficulty establishing eye contact with the audience. He once said in an interview about performing on stage, "I dig singing the songs but there are times when it's pretty agonising for me to be out there." After a brief break from music, he started appearing in clubs, regaining his ability to perform live, albeit with smaller audiences.[22]
The 1974 live double album, It's Too Late to Stop Now has been noted to be one of the greatest recordings of a live concert[184] [185][186] and has appeared on lists of greatest live albums of all time.[187][188][189][190] Biographer Johnny Rogan states that "Morrison was in the midst of what was arguably his greatest phase as a performer."[191] Performances on the album were from tapes made during a three-month tour of the US and Europe in 1973 with the backing group The Caledonia Soul Orchestra. Soon after recording the album, Morrison restructured the Caledonia Soul Orchestra into a smaller unit, the Caledonia Soul Express.[192]



 Morrison performs in 1976 at The Band's final concert filmed for The Last Waltz.
On Thanksgiving Day 1976, Morrison performed at the farewell concert for The Band. Morrison's first live performance in several years, he considered skipping his appearance until the last minute, even refusing to go on stage when they announced his name. His manager, Harvey Goldsmith, said he "literally kicked him out there."[193][194] Morrison was on good terms with the members of The Band as near-neighbours in Woodstock, and they had the shared experience of stage fright. At the concert, he performed two songs. His first was a rendition of the classic Irish song Too Ra Loo Ra Loo Ral.[195] His second song was "Caravan", from his 1970 album Moondance. Greil Marcus, in attendance at the concert, wrote: "Van Morrison turned the show around...singing to the rafters and ...burning holes in the floor. It was a triumph, and as the song ended Van began to kick his leg into the air out of sheer exuberance and he kicked his way right offstage like a Rockette. The crowd had given him a fine welcome and they cheered wildly when he left."[196] The filmed concert served as the basis for Martin Scorsese's 1978 film, The Last Waltz.[197]
During his association with The Band, Morrison acquired the nicknames: "Belfast Cowboy" and "Van the Man".[198] When Morrison sang the duet "4% Pantomime" (that he co-wrote with Robbie Robertson), Richard Manuel calls him, "Oh, Belfast Cowboy". It would be included in The Band's album Cahoots. When he left the stage, after performing "Caravan" on The Last Waltz, Robertson calls out "Van the Man!"[116]
On 21 July 1990, Morrison joined many other guests for Roger Waters' massive performance of The Wall – Live in Berlin with an estimated crowd of between three hundred thousand and half a million people and broadcast live on television.[199] He sang "Comfortably Numb" with Roger Waters, and several members from The Band: Levon Helm, Garth Hudson and Rick Danko. At concert's end, he and the other performers sang "The Tide Is Turning".
Morrison performed before an estimated audience of sixty to eighty thousand people when US President Bill Clinton visited Belfast, Northern Ireland on 30 November 1995. His song "Days Like This" had become the official anthem for the Northern Irish peace movement.[200]
Van Morrison continued performing concerts in the 2000s throughout the year rather than touring.[159] Playing few of his best-known songs in concert, he has firmly resisted relegation to a nostalgia act.[201][202] During a 2006 interview, he told Paul Sexton:

I don't really tour. This is another misconception. I stopped touring in the true sense of the word in the late 1970s, early 1980s, possibly. I just do gigs now. I average two gigs a week. Only in America do I do more, because you can't really do a couple of gigs there, so I do more, 10 gigs or something there.[203]




Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl







The 2008 titled song, "Astral Weeks (I Believe I've Transcended)" with the opening lines: "If I ventured in the slipstream between the viaducts of your dream" shows "a deeper, louder roar than the blue-eyed soul voice of his youth – softer on the diction – but none the less impressively powerful."[204]

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On 7 and 8 November 2008, at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles, California, Morrison performed the entire Astral Weeks album live for the first time. The Astral Weeks band featured guitarist Jay Berliner, who played on the album that was released forty years previously in November 1968. Also featured on piano was Roger Kellaway. A live album entitled Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl resulted from these two performances.[205] The new live album on CD was released on 24 February 2009,[206] followed by a DVD from the performances.[207] The DVD, Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl: The Concert Film was released via Amazon Exclusive on 19 May 2009. In February and March 2009, Morrison returned to the US for Astral Weeks Live concerts, interviews and TV appearances with concerts at Madison Square Garden and at the Beacon Theatre in New York City.[208][209] He was interviewed by Don Imus on his Imus in the Morning radio show and put in guest appearances on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon and Live with Regis and Kelly.[210][211][212] Morrison continued with the Astral Weeks performances with two concerts at the Royal Albert Hall in London in April[213][214] and then returned to California in May 2009 performing the Astral Weeks songs at the Hearst Greek Theatre in Berkeley, the Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles, California and appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.[215] Morrison filmed the concerts at the Orpheum Theatre so that they could be viewed by Farrah Fawcett, confined to bed with cancer and who therefore could not attend the concerts.[216][217]
In addition to It's Too Late to Stop Now and Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl, Morrison has released three other live albums: Live at the Grand Opera House Belfast in 1984; A Night in San Francisco in 1994 that Rolling Stone magazine felt stood out as: "the culmination of a career's worth of soul searching that finds Morrison's eyes turned toward heaven and his feet planted firmly on the ground";[151] and The Skiffle Sessions – Live in Belfast 1998 recorded with Lonnie Donegan and Chris Barber and released in 2000.



 Morrison performs at the Edmonton Folk Music Festival in 2010.
Morrison was scheduled to perform at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 25th anniversary concert on 30 October 2009, but cancelled.[218] In an interview on 26 October, Morrison told his host Don Imus that he had planned to play "a couple of songs" with Eric Clapton (who had cancelled on 22 October due to gallstone surgery),[219] but that they would do something else together at "some other stage of the game".[220]
Morrison performed for the Edmonton Folk Music Festival in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada on 4 August 2010 as the headline act for the fundraiser and scheduled as second day headliner at the Feis 2011 Festival in London's Finsbury Park on 19 June 2011.[221][222][223]
Morrison appeared in concert at Odyssey Arena in Belfast on 3 February and at The O2 in Dublin on 4 February 2012. He appeared at the 46th Montreux Jazz Festival as a headliner on 7 July 2012.[224]
In 2014 Morrison's former high school Orangefield High School, formerly known as Orangefield Boys' Secondary School closed its doors permanently. To mark the school's closure Morrison performed in the school assembly hall for three nights of concerts from 22–24 August. The performance on the 22 August was exclusively for former teachers and pupils and the two remaining concerts were for members of the public [225]
The first night of the Nocturne Live [226] concerts at Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, UK on 25th June 2015, will feature Morrison and Grammy Award-winning American Jazz vocalist and songwriter Gregory Porter.
Collaborations[edit]
During the 1990s, Morrison developed a close association with two vocal talents at opposite ends of their careers: Georgie Fame (with whom Morrison had already worked occasionally) lent his voice and Hammond organ skills to Morrison's band; and Brian Kennedy's vocals complemented the grizzled voice of Morrison, both in studio and live performances.
The 1990s also saw an upsurge in collaborations by Morrison with other artists, a trend continuing into the new millennium. He recorded with Irish folk band The Chieftains on their 1995 album, The Long Black Veil. Morrison's song, "Have I Told You Lately" would win a Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals in 1996.[227]
He also produced and was featured on several tracks with blues legend John Lee Hooker on Hooker's 1997 album, Don't Look Back. This album would win a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Blues Album in 1998 and the title track "Don't Look Back", a duet featuring Morrison and Hooker, would also win a Grammy Award for "Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals" in 1998.[228] The project capped a series of Morrison and Hooker collaborations that began in 1971 when they performed a duet on the title track of Hooker's 1972 album Never Get Out of These Blues Alive. On this album, Hooker also recorded a cover of Morrison's "T.B. Sheets".[229]
Morrison additionally collaborated with Tom Jones on his 1999 album Reload, performing a duet on "Sometimes We Cry", and he also sang vocals on a track entitled "The Last Laugh" on Mark Knopfler's 2000 album, Sailing to Philadelphia.[230] In 2004, Morrison was one of the guests on Ray Charles' album, Genius Loves Company, featuring the two artists performing Morrison's "Crazy Love".
In 2000, Morrison recorded a classic country music duet album You Win Again with Linda Gail Lewis. The album received a three star review from AllMusic who called it "a roots effort that never sounds studied".[231]
Music[edit]
Vocals[edit]



It is at the heart of Morrison’s presence as a singer that when he lights on certain sounds, certain small moments inside a song—hesitations, silences, shifts in pressure, sudden entrances, slamming doors—can then suggest whole territories, completed stories, indistinct ceremonies, far outside anything that can be literally traced in the compositions that carry them.
–Greil Marcus[232]
Featuring his characteristic growl—a mix of folk, blues, soul, jazz, gospel, and Ulster Scots Celtic influences—Morrison is widely considered by many rock historians to be one of the most unusual and influential vocalists in the history of rock and roll.[233][234][235] Critic Greil Marcus has gone so far as to say that "no white man sings like Van Morrison."[236] In his 2010 book, Marcus wrote, "As a physical fact, Morrison may have the richest and most expressive voice pop music has produced since Elvis Presley, and with a sense of himself as an artist that Elvis was always denied."[237]
As Morrison began live performances of the 40-year-old album Astral Weeks in 2008, there were comparisons to his youthful voice of 1968. His early voice was described as "flinty and tender, beseeching and plaintive".[70] Forty years later, the difference in his vocal range and power were noticeable but reviewers and critic's comments were favourable: "Morrison's voice has expanded to fill his frame; a deeper, louder roar than the blue-eyed soul voice of his youth – softer on the diction – but none the less impressively powerful."[204] Morrison also commented on the changes in his approach to singing: "The approach now is to sing from lower down [the diaphragm] so I do not ruin my voice. Before, I sang in the upper area of my throat, which tends to wreck the vocal cords over time. Singing from lower in the belly allows my resonance to carry far. I can stand four feet from a mic and be heard quite resonantly."[238]
Songwriting and lyrics[edit]
Morrison has written hundreds of songs[239][240] during his career with a recurring theme reflecting a nostalgic yearning for the carefree days of his childhood in Belfast.[241] Some of his song titles derive from familiar locations in his childhood, such as "Cyprus Avenue" (a nearby street), "Orangefield" (the boys school he attended), and "On Hyndford Street" (where he was born). Also frequently present in Morrison's best love songs is a blending of the sacred-profane as evidenced in "Into the Mystic" and "So Quiet in Here".[242][243]
Beginning with his 1979 album, Into the Music and the song "And the Healing Has Begun", a frequent theme of his music and lyrics has been based on his belief in the healing power of music combined with a form of mystic Christianity. This theme has become one of the predominant qualities of his work.[244]
His lyrics show an influence of the visionary poets William Blake and W. B. Yeats[245] and others such as Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth.[246] Biographer Brian Hinton believes "like any great poet from Blake to Seamus Heaney he takes words back to their origins in magic...Indeed, Morrison is returning poetry to its earliest roots – as in Homer or Old English epics like Beowulf or the Psalms or folk song – in all of which words and music combine to form a new reality."[242] Another biographer John Collis believes that Morrison's style of jazz singing and repeating phrases preclude his lyrics from being regarded as poetry or as Collis asserts: "he is more likely to repeat a phrase like a mantra, or burst into scat singing. The words may often be prosaic, and so can hardly be poetry."[247]
Morrison has described his songwriting method by remarking that: "I write from a different place. I do not even know what it is called or if it has a name. It just comes and I sculpt it, but it is also a lot of hard work doing the sculpting."[238]
Performance style[edit]



"Van Morrison is interested, obsessed with how much musical or verbal information he can compress into a small space, and, almost, conversely, how far he can spread one note, word, sound, or picture. To capture one moment, be it a caress or a twitch. He repeats certain phrases to extremes that from anybody else would seem ridiculous, because he's waiting for a vision to unfold, trying as unobtrusively as possible to nudge it along...It's the great search, fuelled by the belief that through these musical and mental processes illumination is attainable. Or may at least be glimpsed."
–Lester Bangs[248]
Critic Greil Marcus argues that given the truly distinctive breadth and complexity of Morrison's work, it is almost impossible to cast his work among that of others: "Morrison remains a singer who can be compared to no other in the history of rock & roll, a singer who cannot be pinned down, dismissed, or fitted into anyone's expectations."[249] Or in the words of Jay Cocks: "He extends himself only to express himself. Alone among rock's great figures—and even in that company he is one of the greatest—Morrison is adamantly inward. And unique. Although he freely crosses musical boundaries— R&B, Celtic melodies, jazz, rave-up rock, hymns, down-and-dirty blues—he can unfailingly be found in the same strange place: on his own wavelength."[250]
His transcendental signature style first came into full expression with his 1968 classic, Astral Weeks and he was noted to have remained a "master of his transcendental craft" in 2009 while performing the Astral Weeks songs live.[251][252][253][254] This musical art form was based on stream of consciousness songwriting and emotional vocalising of lyrics that have no basis in normal structure or symmetry. His live performances are dependent on building dynamics with spontaneity between himself and his band, whom he controls with hand gestures throughout, sometimes signalling impromptu solos from a selected band member. The music and vocals build towards a hypnotic and trance-like state that depends on in-the-moment creativity. Scott Foundas with LA Weekly wrote "he seeks to transcend the apparent boundaries of any given song; to achieve a total freedom of form; to take himself, his band and the audience on a journey whose destination is anything but known."[241][255] Greil Marcus wrote an entire book devoted to examining the moments in Morrison's music where he reaches this state of transcendence and explains: "But in his music the same sense of escape from ordinary limits – a reach for, or the achievement of, a kind of violent transcendence – can come from hesitations, repetitions of words or phrases, pauses, the way a musical change by another musician is turned by Morrison as a bandleader or seized on by him as a singer and changed into a sound that becomes an event in and of itself. In these moments, the self is left behind, and the sound, that "yarragh," becomes the active agent: a musical person, with its own mind, its own body."[256] A book reviewer further described it as "This transcendent moment of music when the song and the singer are one thing not two, neither dependent on the other or separate from the other but melded to the other like one, like breath and life..."[257]
Morrison has said he believes in the jazz improvisational technique of never performing a song the same way twice and except for the unique rendition of the Astral Weeks songs live, doesn't perform a concert from a preconceived set list.[201] Morrison has said he prefers to perform at smaller venues or symphony halls noted for their good acoustics.[258] His ban against alcoholic beverages, which made entertainment news during 2008, was an attempt to prevent the disruptive and distracting movement of audience members leaving their seats during the performances.[259] In a 2009 interview, Morrison stated: "I do not consciously aim to take the listener anywhere. If anything, I aim to take myself there in my music. If the listener catches the wavelength of what I am saying or singing, or gets whatever point whatever line means to them, then I guess as a writer I may have done a day's work."[260]
Genre[edit]
The music of Van Morrison has encompassed many genres since his early days as a blues and R&B singer in Belfast. Over the years he has recorded songs from a varying list of genres drawn from many influences and interests. As well as blues and R&B, his compositions and covers have moved between pop music, jazz, rock, folk, country, gospel, Irish folk and traditional, big band, skiffle, rock and roll, new age, classical and sometimes spoken word ("Coney Island") and instrumentals.[261] Morrison defines himself as a soul singer.[262]
Some of Morrison's music has been classified in a genre of its own and referred to as "Celtic soul"[5] or what biographer Brian Hinton referred to as a new alchemy called "Caledonian soul."[242] Another biographer, Ritchie Yorke quoted Morrison as believing that he has "the spirit of Caledonia in his soul and his music reflects it."[263] According to Yorke, Morrison claimed to have discovered "a certain quality of soul" when he first visited Scotland (his Belfast ancestors were of Ulster Scots descent) and Morrison has said he believes there is some connection between soul music and Caledonia. Yorke relates that Morrison "discovered several years after he first began composing music that some of his songs lent themselves to a unique major modal scale (without sevenths) which of course is the same scale as that used by bagpipe players and old Irish and Scottish folk music."[263]
Caledonia[edit]
The name "Caledonia" has played a prominent role in Morrison's life and career. Biographer Ritchie Yorke had pointed out already by 1975 that Morrison has referred to Caledonia so many times in his career that he "seems to be obsessed with the word".[263] In his 2009 biography, Erik Hage found that "Morrison seemed deeply interested in his paternal Scottish roots during his early career, and later in the ancient countryside of England, hence his repeated use of the term Caledonia (an ancient Roman name for Scotland/northern Britain)".[264] As well as being his daughter Shana's middle name, it is the name of his first production company, his studio, his publishing company, two of his backing groups, his parents' record store in Fairfax, California in the 1970s, and he also recorded a cover of the song "Caldonia" (with the name spelled "Caledonia") in 1974.[263][265] Morrison used "Caledonia" in what has been called a quintessential Van Morrison moment in the song, "Listen to the Lion" with the lyrics, "And we sail, and we sail, way up to Caledonia".[266] As late as 2008, Morrison used "Caledonia" as a mantra in the live performance of the song, "Astral Weeks" recorded at the two Hollywood Bowl concerts.[260]
Influence[edit]
Morrison's influence can readily be heard in the music of a diverse array of major artists and according to The Rolling Stone's Encyclopedia of Rock and Roll (Simon & Schuster, 2001), "his influence among rock singers/song writers is unrivaled by any living artist outside of that other prickly legend, Bob Dylan. Echoes of Morrison's rugged literateness and his gruff, feverish emotive vocals can be heard in latter day icons ranging from Bruce Springsteen to Elvis Costello".[233] His influence includes U2 (Bono was quoted saying "I am in awe of a musician like Van Morrison. I had to stop listening to Van Morrison records about six months before we made The Unforgettable Fire because I didn't want his very original soul voice to overpower my own.");[267] John Mellencamp ("Wild Night");[268] Jim Morrison;[48] Joan Armatrading (the only musical influence she will acknowledge);[269] Nick Cave;[270]Rod Stewart;[271] Tom Petty;[272] Rickie Lee Jones (recognises both Laura Nyro and Van Morrison as the main influences on her career);[273][274] Elton John;[275] Graham Parker;[276] Sinéad O'Connor;[277] Phil Lynott of Thin Lizzy;[278] Bob Seger ("I know Bruce Springsteen was very much affected by Van Morrison, and so was I." from Creem interview)[276] ("I've Been Working");[279] Kevin Rowland of Dexys Midnight Runners ("Jackie Wilson Said");[280][281] Jimi Hendrix ("Gloria");[282] Jeff Buckley ("The Way Young Lovers Do", "Sweet Thing");[283] Nick Drake;[284] and numerous others, including the Counting Crows (their "sha-la-la" sequence in Mr Jones, is a tribute to Morrison).[285] Morrison's influence reaches into the country music genre, with Hal Ketchum acknowledging, "He (Van Morrison) was a major influence in my life."[286]
Morrison's influence on the younger generation of singer-songwriters is pervasive: including Irish singer Damien Rice, who has been described as on his way to becoming the "natural heir to Van Morrison";[287] Ray Lamontagne;[288] James Morrison;[289][290] Paolo Nutini;[291] Eric Lindell[292] David Gray and Ed Sheeran[293] are also several of the younger artists influenced by Morrison. Glen Hansard of the Irish rock band The Frames (who lists Van Morrison as being part of his holy trinity with Bob Dylan and Leonard Cohen) commonly covers his songs in concert.[294] American rock band, The Wallflowers have covered "Into the Mystic".[295] Canadian blues-rock singer Colin James also covers the song frequently at his concerts.[296] Actor and musician Robert Pattinson has said that Van Morrison was his "influence for doing music in the first place".[297] Morrison has shared the stage with Northern Irish singer-songwriter Duke Special, who admits Morrison has been a big influence.[298]
Overall, Morrison has typically been supportive of other artists, often willingly sharing the stage with them during his concerts. On the live album, A Night in San Francisco, he had as his special guests, among others, his childhood idols: Jimmy Witherspoon, John Lee Hooker and Junior Wells.[151] Although he often expresses his displeasure (in interviews and songs) with the music industry and the media in general, he has been instrumental in promoting the careers of many other musicians and singers, such as James Hunter,[299] and fellow Belfast-born brothers, Brian and Bap Kennedy.[300][301]
Morrison has also influenced the other arts: the German painter Johannes Heisig created a series of lithographs illustrating the book In the Garden – for Van Morrison, published by Städtische Galerie Sonneberg, Germany, in 1997.[302]
Personal life[edit]



 Morrison and daughter Shana Morrison in Berkeley California; 9 December 2006
Morrison lived in Belfast from birth until 1967, when he moved to New York after signing with Bang Records. Facing deportation due to visa problems, he managed to stay in the US when his American girlfriend Janet (Planet) Rigsbee agreed to marry him.[303] Once married, Morrison and his wife moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he found work performing in local clubs. The couple had one daughter in 1970, Shana Morrison, who has become a singer-songwriter. Morrison and his family moved around America, living in Boston; Woodstock, New York; and a hilltop home in Fairfax, California. His wife appeared on the cover of the album Tupelo Honey. They divorced in 1973.[304][305]
Morrison moved back to Europe in the late 1970s, first settling in London's Notting Hill Gate area.[306] Later, he moved to Bath, where he purchased Wool Hall Studios.[307] He also has a home in the Irish seaside village of Dalkey near Dublin, where legal actions against two different neighbours concerning safety and privacy issues have been taken to court in 2001 and in 2010.[308][309][310][311] In the former case, Morrison pursued his action all the way to the Irish Supreme Court.[312]
In 2001, nine months into a tour with Linda Gail Lewis promoting their collaboration You Win Again, Ms. Lewis left, later filing claims against Morrison for unfair dismissal and sexual discrimination. Both claims were later withdrawn, and Morrison's solicitor was quoted that "(Van's) pleased that these claims have finally been withdrawn. He accepted a full apology and comprehensive retraction which represents a complete vindication of his stance from the outset. Miss Lewis has given a full and categorical apology and retraction to Mr. Morrison."[313]
Morrison met Irish socialite Michelle Rocca in the summer of 1992, and they often featured in the Dublin gossip columns, an unusual event for the reclusive Morrison. Rocca also appeared on one of his album covers, Days Like This.[314] The couple are married and have two children;[315] a daughter was born in January 2006 and a son was born in August 2007.[316][317]
In December 2009, Texas native and Morrison employee Gigi Lee gave birth to a son whom she asserted was Morrison's and whom she named after him. Lee announced the birth of the child on Morrison's official website although Morrison has subsequently denied paternity of the child. It was revealed in December 2011 that Lee died from throat cancer in October 2011 and her son had died previously in January 2011, from complications of diabetes.[318]
Discography[edit]
Main article: Van Morrison discography
Blowin' Your Mind! (1967)
Astral Weeks (1968)
Moondance (1970)
His Band and the Street Choir (1970)
Tupelo Honey (1971)
Saint Dominic's Preview (1972)
Hard Nose the Highway (1973)
Veedon Fleece (1974)
A Period of Transition (1977)
Wavelength (1978)
Into the Music (1979)
Common One (1980)
Beautiful Vision (1982)
Inarticulate Speech of the Heart (1983)
A Sense of Wonder (1985)
No Guru, No Method, No Teacher (1986)
Poetic Champions Compose (1987)
Irish Heartbeat (1988)
Avalon Sunset (1989)
Enlightenment (1990)
Hymns to the Silence (1991)
Too Long in Exile (1993)
Days Like This (1995)
How Long Has This Been Going On (1996)
Tell Me Something: The Songs of Mose Allison (1996)
The Healing Game (1997)
Back on Top (1999)
You Win Again (2000)
Down the Road (2002)
What's Wrong with This Picture? (2003)
Magic Time (2005)
Pay the Devil (2006)
Keep It Simple (2008)
Born to Sing: No Plan B (2012)
Duets: Re-working the Catalogue (2015)
Legacy[edit]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Van Morrison
Morrison has received several major music awards in his career, including six Grammy Awards (1996–2007); inductions into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (January 1993), the Songwriters Hall of Fame (June 2003), and the Irish Music Hall of Fame (September 1999); and a Brit Award (February 1994). In addition he has received civil awards: an OBE (June 1996) and an Officier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (1996). He has honorary doctorates from the University of Ulster (1992) and from Queen's University Belfast (July 2001).
The Hall of Fame inductions began in 1993 with the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame; Morrison becoming notable as the first inductee not to attend his own ceremony,[319][320] - Robbie Robertson from The Band accepted the award on his behalf.[321] When Morrison became the initial musician inducted into the Irish Music Hall of Fame, Bob Geldof presented Morrison with the award.[322] Morrison's third induction was into the Songwriters Hall of Fame for "recognition of his unique position as one of the most important songwriters of the past century". Ray Charles presented the award, following a performance during which the pair performed Morrison's "Crazy Love" from the album, Moondance.[323] Morrison's BRIT Award was for his Outstanding Contribution to British Music.[324] Former Beirut hostage, John McCarthy presented the award; while testifying to the importance of Morrison's song "Wonderful Remark" McCarthy called it "a song ... which was very important to us."[325]
Morrison received two civil awards in 1996, firstly the Order of the British Empire for his service to music,[326] secondly an award from the French government which made him an Officier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.[327] Along with these state awards he has two honorary degrees in music; an honorary doctorate in literature from the University of Ulster,[328] and an honorary doctorate in music from Queen's University in his hometown of Belfast.[329]
Other awards include an Ivor Novello Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1995,[330] the BMI ICON award in October 2004 for Morrison's "enduring influence on generations of music makers",[331] and an Oscar Wilde: Honouring Irish Writing in Film award in 2007 for his contribution to over fifty films, presented by Al Pacino, who compared Morrison to Oscar Wilde - both "visionaries who push boundaries".[332] He was voted the Best International Male Singer of 2007 at the inaugural International Awards in Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club, London.[333]
Morrison has also appeared in a number of "Greatest" lists, including the TIME magazine list of The All-Time 100 Albums,[334] which contained Astral Weeks and Moondance, and he appeared at number thirteen on the list of WXPN's 885 All Time Greatest Artists.[335] In 2000, Morrison ranked twenty-fifth on American cable music channel VH1's list of its "100 Greatest Artists of Rock and Roll".[336] In 2004, Rolling Stone magazine ranked Van Morrison forty-second on their list of "Greatest Artists of All Time".[337] Paste ranked him twentieth in their list of "100 Greatest Living Songwriters" in 2006.[338] Q ranked him twenty-second on their list of "100 Greatest Singers" in April 2007[339] and he was voted twenty-fourth on the November 2008 list of Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Singers of All Time.[340]
Three of Morrison's songs appear in The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll: "Brown Eyed Girl", "Madame George" and "Moondance".[341]
Morrison has been announced as of the 2010 honorees listed in the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[342]
In August 2013, it was announced that Morrison would receive the Freedom of Belfast, the highest honour the city can bestow.[343] On 15 November 2013, Morrison became the 79th recipient of the award, presented at the Waterfront Hall for his career achievements. After receiving the award, he performed a free concert for residents who won tickets from a lottery system.[344]
In August 2014, a "Van Morrison Trail" was established in East Belfast by Morrison in partnership with the Connswater Community Greenway. It is a self-guided trail, which over the course of 3.5 kilometers leads to eight places that were important to Morrison and inspirational to his music.[345]
On 2 September 2014, Morrison was presented with the Legend award at the GQ Men of the Year ceremony at Royal Opera House in London.[346]
On 13 October 2014, Morrison received his fifth BMI Million-Air Award for 11 million radio plays of the song Brown Eyed Girl making it one of the Top 10 Songs of all time on US radio and television. Morrison has also received Million-Air awards for Have I Told You Lately [347]
The Songwriter's Hall of Fame announced on 8 April 2015 that Morrison will be the 2015 recipient of the Johnny Mercer Award on 18 June 2015 at their 46th Annual Induction and Awards Dinner in New York City.[348]
See also[edit]

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References[edit]
Footnotes
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12.Jump up ^ Hinton (1997), page 20.
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BibliographyCollis, John (1996). Inarticulate Speech of the Heart, Little Brown and Company, ISBN 0-306-80811-0
Hage, Erik (2009). The Words and Music of Van Morrison, Praeger Publishers, ISBN 978-0-313-35862-3
Heylin, Clinton (2003). Can You Feel the Silence? Van Morrison: A New Biography, Chicago Review Press, ISBN 1-55652-542-7
Hinton, Brian (1997). Celtic Crossroads: The Art of Van Morrison, Sanctuary, ISBN 1-86074-169-X
Marcus, Greil. 1992. "Van Morrison." In: The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll. Anthony DeCurtis and James Henke, with Holly George-Warren, eds. (original ed. Jim Miller): pp442–447. New York: Random House, ISBN 978-0-679-73728-5
Marcus, Greil (2010). When That Rough God Goes Riding: Listening to Van Morrison, Public Affairs, ISBN 978-1-58648-821-5
Moon, Tom (2008). 1,000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die, Workman Publishing Company, ISBN 978-0-7611-3963-8
Rogan, Johnny (2006). Van Morrison: No Surrender, London: Vintage Books ISBN 978-0-09-943183-1
Rosenthal, Elizabeth. (2001) His Song: The Musical Journey of Elton John, Billboard Books, ISBN 0-8230-8893-6
"The Immortals: The First Fifty". Rolling Stone Issue 946.
Turner, Steve (1993). Van Morrison: Too Late to Stop Now, Viking Penguin, ISBN 0-670-85147-7
"Van Morrison". Peter Wolfe. Rolling Stone Issue 946.
Yorke, Ritchie (1975). Into The Music, London: Charisma Books, ISBN 0-85947-013-X
Further readingBrooks, Ken (1999). In Search of Van Morrison, Agenda, ISBN 1-899882-95-2
Buzacott, Martin; Ford, Andrew (2005) Speaking in Tongues: The Songs of Van Morrison, ABC, ISBN 0-7333-1297-7
Dawe, Gerald (2007). My Mother-City, Belfast:Lagan Press – (Includes section on Van Morrison from previous edition, The Rest is History, Newry:Abbey Press, 1998)
DeWitt, Howard A. (1983). Van Morrison: The Mystic's Music, Horizon Books, ISBN 0-938840-02-9
Mills, Peter (2010). Hymns To The Silence: Inside the Music and Lyrics of Van Morrison, Continuum, ISBN 978-0-8264-2976-6
External links[edit]

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Wavelength (album)

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For other uses, see Wavelength (disambiguation).

Wavelength

Studio album by Van Morrison

Released
September, 1978
 Reissued January 2008 (remastered+2 tracks)
Recorded
Spring 1978
Genre
Pop rock, R&B
Length
49:32
Label
Mercury
Producer
Van Morrison, Mick Glossop
Van Morrison chronology

A Period of Transition
 (1977) Wavelength
 (1978) Into the Music
 (1979)


Singles from Wavelength
1."Wavelength" b/w "Checkin' it Out"
 Released: September 1978
2."Natalia" b/w "Lifetimes"
 Released: February 1979
3."Kingdom Hall" b/w "Checkin' it Out"
 Released: April 1979

Wavelength, the tenth studio album by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison was released in the spring of 1978. The album has a different musical sound than his previous albums, leaning towards a pop sound with prominent electric guitars and synthesizers. Wavelength was Morrison's best selling album at the time of the original release.[1] Mick Glossop, Bobby Tench and Peter Bardens were given credit for special assistance in production.[2]
On 29 January 2008 a remastered version of the album was released. It contained two bonus tracks "Wavelength" and "Kingdom Hall", taken from the promotional album Van Morrison Live at the Roxy (1979), recorded 26 November 1978.[3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Recording
2 Composition
3 Reception
4 Aftermath
5 Album's cover
6 Track listing 6.1 Side one
6.2 Side two 6.2.1 Remastered CD reissue (2008)

7 Personnel
8 Samples
9 Charts 9.1 Album
10 Notes
11 References

Recording[edit]
Wavelength was recorded at the Manor in Oxfordshire, England over several months and completed later, at Shangri-la studios in America. Morrison had brought together musicians that represented almost all phases of his musical history to date: Herbie Armstrong from his showband days in Belfast, Peter Bardens from Them, Garth Hudson from The Band and Peter Van Hooke who had worked with Morrison a few years previously.[2] He also added guitarist Bobby Tench from Streetwalkers.[4]
Composition[edit]
The songs on this album recall various stages of Morrison's life. "Kingdom Hall" reflected back to his childhood in Belfast when he attended services with his mother, a practicing Jehovah's Witness at one time.[1] "Checking It Out" is about a relationship going wrong and being rescued by "guides and spirits along the way".[1] "Natalia", "Venice USA" and "Lifetimes" are love songs. "Wavelength" recalled fond memories of his adolescence, listening to the Voice of America.[1] The next track incorporates two songs Morrison had written in the early 1970s, "Santa Fe" written with Jackie DeShannon in 1973, Morrison's first ever collaboration to appear on an album and "Beautiful Obsession", which was first played during one of his concerts in 1971.[5] However, a studio version of the song is not known to have been recorded during that period.[6] "Hungry For Your Love" appeared in the hit movie An Officer and a Gentleman (1982) and has become one of the more enduringly popular songs on the album along with "Wavelength". Morrison plays electric piano on "Hungry For Your Love" accompanied by Herbie Armstrong's acoustic guitar.[1] Morrison included "Hungry For Your Love" on his compilation album Van Morrison at the Movies - Soundtrack Hits (2007). "Take it Where You Find It" ends the album and according to Scott Floman is a "quietly epic love letter to America that gets better and better as it goes along (the song is nearly 9 minutes long). Simply put this song, which I'd rank among Van's all-time best, makes me want to lock arms with someone, anyone, and commence in a slowly swaying sing along..."[7]
Reception[edit]

Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating
adriandenning.co.uk 6.5/10 stars[8]
Allmusic 4/5 stars[9]
Robert Christgau B+[10]
Scott Floman B+[7]
Rolling Stone (not rated)[11]
Lester Bangs reviewed the album for Rolling Stone in 1978 and commented: "Wavelength is a very nice record. I'm sure all the people at Warner Bros. are pleased with it. Ditto the DJs... Still, though, it do confound how such a monumental talent can mire himself in such twaddle, fine as some of it may be."[11]
Melody Maker reviewed the album as evidence of Morrison's "drift into the American Dream."[12]
Stephen Thomas Erlewine with Allmusic rated the album four stars and wrote that "Wavelength essentially picks up where A Period of Transition left off, offering a focused, full-bodied alternative to that record's warmly fuzzy lack of direction."[9]
Robert Christgau referred to it as a "good album" and called attention to side two, which he felt was "an evocative reinterpretation of Van's America fixation, but side one is nothing more (and nothing less) than class programming."[10]
Time magazine critics wrote: "During a career that has lasted well over a decade, Van Morrison has made two, maybe three albums that rank high among the finest of all rock 'n' roll. Wavelength is good enough to stand close by Morrison's best work, a record of sinuous, sensuous magic. The man just can't be beat."[13]
Aftermath[edit]
Morrison denied that the songs were anything but about personal experience, and were not about the United States.[12] It quickly became the fastest selling album that Morrison had recorded at that time and went gold within three months.[1] Relocating to Europe within a few years, his work during the 1980s would not be so "radio friendly" and easily accessible to the casual listener. With the success of Wavelength Morrison assembled a band to promote it, which was similar in many ways to the abandoned The Caledonia Soul Orchestra of It's Too Late to Stop Now fame. During the Wavelength tour, Morrison performed in his native Belfast for the first time since leaving for the US to record "Brown Eyed Girl" for Bang Records. Morrison's first video, Van Morrison in Ireland, released in 1981, resulted from these performances and featured two songs from the album: "Wavelength" and "Checkin' It Out".
Album's cover[edit]
The cover on the album was by photographer Norman Seeff (associated with Joni Mitchell's album sleeves) and shows Morrison almost smiling and dressed in tight white trousers smoking a cigarette down to the butt.
Track listing[edit]
All songs written by Van Morrison except as noted.
Side one[edit]
1."Kingdom Hall" - 5:59
2."Checkin' It Out" - 3:29
3."Natalia" - 4:04
4."Venice U.S.A." - 6:32
5."Lifetimes" - 4:15
Side two[edit]
1."Wavelength" - 5:44
2."Santa Fe/Beautiful Obsession" (Jackie De Shannon/Morrison) - 7:04
3."Hungry for Your Love" - 3:45
4."Take It Where You Find It" - 8:40
Remastered CD reissue (2008)[edit]
Includes the same tracks as on the original, with two additional bonus tracks:
1."Wavelength" - 6:07 (Live at the Roxy Theatre, LA. 26 November 1978)
2."Kingdom Hall" - 6:05 (Live at the Roxy Theatre, LA, 26 November 1978)
Personnel[edit]
Musicians*Van Morrison - vocals, acoustic guitar, electric piano, alto saxophone, backing vocals
Peter Bardens - keyboards, synthesizer
Bobby Tench - electric guitar, backing vocals
Herbie Armstrong - rhythm guitars, backing vocals
Mickey Feat - bass
Peter Van Hooke - drums
Garth Hudson - organ, synthesizer, accordion
Ginger Blake - backing vocals
Laura Creamer - backing vocals
Linda Dillard - backing vocals
Mitch Dalton - Spanish guitar ("Take It Where You Find It")
Kuma - bass ("Santa Fe/Beautiful Obsession" and "Take It Where You Find It")
Additional musicians on 2008 reissue (re-mastered)Katie Kissoon - backing vocals
Anna Peacock - backing vocals
ProductionProducer - Van Morrison
Special assistance with production - Mick Glossop, Bobby Tench and Peter Bardens
Production Assistant - Paul Wexler
Second engineers - Alan Douglas, Richard Ash
Remixed - Brooke Arthur
Engineer: Mick Glossop
Additional remix engineer - Peter Granet
Assisting engineer - David Latman
Album CoverCoordination - Danny Lipsius
Art Direction - John Cabalka
Design - Brad Kanawyer
Photography - Norman Seeff
Samples[edit]




Wavelength







Van Morrison, Wavelength (1978)


Kingdom Hall







Van Morrison, Wavelength (1978)


Natalia







Van Morrison, Wavelength (1978)

Problems playing these files? See media help.
Charts[edit]
Album[edit]
Billboard
Year Chart Position
1979 Pop Albums 28
UK Album Chart
Year Chart Position
1979 UK Album Chart 27
Notes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Hinton. Celtic Crossroads. pp. 210–212.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Rogan, No Surrender, p. 315
3.Jump up ^ "Van Morrison Live at the Roxy". discogs.com. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
4.Jump up ^ Rogan, Johnny. No Surrender. p. 315,316, 325.
5.Jump up ^ "Concerts". van.vanomatic.de. Retrieved 2008-08-31.
6.Jump up ^ Heylin, Clinton. Can you feel the silence?: Van Morrison, a new biography. Chicago Review Press. p. 526.
7.^ Jump up to: a b "Wavelength review". sfloman.com. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
8.Jump up ^ Denning, Adrian. "adriandenning.co.uk album reviews". adriandenning.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
9.^ Jump up to: a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Allmusic review". allmusic.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Christgau, Robert. "Robert Christgau review". robertchristgau.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
11.^ Jump up to: a b Bangs, Lester (1978-11-16). "Rolling Stone review". rollingstone.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
12.^ Jump up to: a b Rogan, No Surrender, p. 316
13.Jump up ^ Cocks, Jay, Swann, Annalyn (1978-12-18). "Music: The Pick of the Holiday Season". time.com. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
References[edit]
Heylin, Clinton (2003). Can You Feel the Silence?: Van Morrison: A New Biography. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-55652-517-9
Hinton, Brian (1997). Celtic Crossroads: The Art of Van Morrison, Sanctuary, ISBN 1-86074-169-X
Rogan, Johnny (2006). Van Morrison: No Surrender, London : Vintage Books ISBN 978-0-09-943183-1


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Van Morrison


Them
The Angry Young Them ·
 Them Again ·
 The Story of Them Featuring Van Morrison
 

Studio albums
Blowin' Your Mind! ·
 Astral Weeks ·
 Moondance ·
 His Band and the Street Choir ·
 Tupelo Honey ·
 Saint Dominic's Preview ·
 Hard Nose the Highway ·
 Veedon Fleece ·
 A Period of Transition ·
 Wavelength ·
 Into the Music ·
 Common One ·
 Beautiful Vision ·
 Inarticulate Speech of the Heart ·
 A Sense of Wonder ·
 No Guru, No Method, No Teacher ·
 Poetic Champions Compose ·
 Irish Heartbeat ·
 Avalon Sunset ·
 Enlightenment ·
 Hymns to the Silence ·
 Too Long in Exile ·
 Days Like This ·
 How Long Has This Been Going On ·
 Tell Me Something: The Songs of Mose Allison ·
 The Healing Game ·
 Back on Top ·
 You Win Again ·
 Down the Road ·
 What's Wrong with This Picture? ·
 Magic Time ·
 Pay the Devil ·
 Keep It Simple ·
 Born to Sing: No Plan B ·
 Duets: Re-working the Catalogue
 

Live albums
It's Too Late to Stop Now ·
 Live at the Grand Opera House Belfast ·
 A Night in San Francisco ·
 The Skiffle Sessions - Live in Belfast 1998 ·
 Live at Austin City Limits Festival ·
 Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl
 

Compilations
The Best of Van Morrison ·
 The Best of Van Morrison Volume Two ·
 The Philosopher's Stone ·
 Van Morrison at the Movies - Soundtrack Hits ·
 The Best of Van Morrison Volume 3 ·
 Still on Top - The Greatest Hits
 

Videos
Van Morrison in Ireland ·
 Van Morrison The Concert
 

DVDs
Live at Montreux 1980/1974 ·
 Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl: The Concert Film
 

Films
To Be Born Again
 

Unofficial Bang albums
T.B. Sheets ·
 Bang Masters ·
 Payin' Dues ·
 The Complete New York Sessions '67 ·
 The Complete Bang Sessions
 

Tribute albums
No Prima Donna: The Songs of Van Morrison ·
 The Van Morrison Songbook ·
 Vanthology: A Tribute to Van Morrison ·
 Into the Mystic: An Instrumental Tribute to Van Morrison ·
 The String Quartet Tribute to Van Morrison ·
 Smooth Sax Tribute to Van Morrison ·
 Mystic Piano: Piano Tribute to Van Morrison
 

Discography ·
 Albums ·
 Songs ·
 List of artists who have covered Van Morrison songs ·
 Related topics ·
 List of awards and nominations received by Van Morrison
 

  


Categories: 1978 albums
Albums produced by Van Morrison
Mercury Records albums
Van Morrison albums






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 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength_(album)










Wavelength (album)

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For other uses, see Wavelength (disambiguation).

Wavelength

Studio album by Van Morrison

Released
September, 1978
 Reissued January 2008 (remastered+2 tracks)
Recorded
Spring 1978
Genre
Pop rock, R&B
Length
49:32
Label
Mercury
Producer
Van Morrison, Mick Glossop
Van Morrison chronology

A Period of Transition
 (1977) Wavelength
 (1978) Into the Music
 (1979)


Singles from Wavelength
1."Wavelength" b/w "Checkin' it Out"
 Released: September 1978
2."Natalia" b/w "Lifetimes"
 Released: February 1979
3."Kingdom Hall" b/w "Checkin' it Out"
 Released: April 1979

Wavelength, the tenth studio album by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison was released in the spring of 1978. The album has a different musical sound than his previous albums, leaning towards a pop sound with prominent electric guitars and synthesizers. Wavelength was Morrison's best selling album at the time of the original release.[1] Mick Glossop, Bobby Tench and Peter Bardens were given credit for special assistance in production.[2]
On 29 January 2008 a remastered version of the album was released. It contained two bonus tracks "Wavelength" and "Kingdom Hall", taken from the promotional album Van Morrison Live at the Roxy (1979), recorded 26 November 1978.[3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Recording
2 Composition
3 Reception
4 Aftermath
5 Album's cover
6 Track listing 6.1 Side one
6.2 Side two 6.2.1 Remastered CD reissue (2008)

7 Personnel
8 Samples
9 Charts 9.1 Album
10 Notes
11 References

Recording[edit]
Wavelength was recorded at the Manor in Oxfordshire, England over several months and completed later, at Shangri-la studios in America. Morrison had brought together musicians that represented almost all phases of his musical history to date: Herbie Armstrong from his showband days in Belfast, Peter Bardens from Them, Garth Hudson from The Band and Peter Van Hooke who had worked with Morrison a few years previously.[2] He also added guitarist Bobby Tench from Streetwalkers.[4]
Composition[edit]
The songs on this album recall various stages of Morrison's life. "Kingdom Hall" reflected back to his childhood in Belfast when he attended services with his mother, a practicing Jehovah's Witness at one time.[1] "Checking It Out" is about a relationship going wrong and being rescued by "guides and spirits along the way".[1] "Natalia", "Venice USA" and "Lifetimes" are love songs. "Wavelength" recalled fond memories of his adolescence, listening to the Voice of America.[1] The next track incorporates two songs Morrison had written in the early 1970s, "Santa Fe" written with Jackie DeShannon in 1973, Morrison's first ever collaboration to appear on an album and "Beautiful Obsession", which was first played during one of his concerts in 1971.[5] However, a studio version of the song is not known to have been recorded during that period.[6] "Hungry For Your Love" appeared in the hit movie An Officer and a Gentleman (1982) and has become one of the more enduringly popular songs on the album along with "Wavelength". Morrison plays electric piano on "Hungry For Your Love" accompanied by Herbie Armstrong's acoustic guitar.[1] Morrison included "Hungry For Your Love" on his compilation album Van Morrison at the Movies - Soundtrack Hits (2007). "Take it Where You Find It" ends the album and according to Scott Floman is a "quietly epic love letter to America that gets better and better as it goes along (the song is nearly 9 minutes long). Simply put this song, which I'd rank among Van's all-time best, makes me want to lock arms with someone, anyone, and commence in a slowly swaying sing along..."[7]
Reception[edit]

Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating
adriandenning.co.uk 6.5/10 stars[8]
Allmusic 4/5 stars[9]
Robert Christgau B+[10]
Scott Floman B+[7]
Rolling Stone (not rated)[11]
Lester Bangs reviewed the album for Rolling Stone in 1978 and commented: "Wavelength is a very nice record. I'm sure all the people at Warner Bros. are pleased with it. Ditto the DJs... Still, though, it do confound how such a monumental talent can mire himself in such twaddle, fine as some of it may be."[11]
Melody Maker reviewed the album as evidence of Morrison's "drift into the American Dream."[12]
Stephen Thomas Erlewine with Allmusic rated the album four stars and wrote that "Wavelength essentially picks up where A Period of Transition left off, offering a focused, full-bodied alternative to that record's warmly fuzzy lack of direction."[9]
Robert Christgau referred to it as a "good album" and called attention to side two, which he felt was "an evocative reinterpretation of Van's America fixation, but side one is nothing more (and nothing less) than class programming."[10]
Time magazine critics wrote: "During a career that has lasted well over a decade, Van Morrison has made two, maybe three albums that rank high among the finest of all rock 'n' roll. Wavelength is good enough to stand close by Morrison's best work, a record of sinuous, sensuous magic. The man just can't be beat."[13]
Aftermath[edit]
Morrison denied that the songs were anything but about personal experience, and were not about the United States.[12] It quickly became the fastest selling album that Morrison had recorded at that time and went gold within three months.[1] Relocating to Europe within a few years, his work during the 1980s would not be so "radio friendly" and easily accessible to the casual listener. With the success of Wavelength Morrison assembled a band to promote it, which was similar in many ways to the abandoned The Caledonia Soul Orchestra of It's Too Late to Stop Now fame. During the Wavelength tour, Morrison performed in his native Belfast for the first time since leaving for the US to record "Brown Eyed Girl" for Bang Records. Morrison's first video, Van Morrison in Ireland, released in 1981, resulted from these performances and featured two songs from the album: "Wavelength" and "Checkin' It Out".
Album's cover[edit]
The cover on the album was by photographer Norman Seeff (associated with Joni Mitchell's album sleeves) and shows Morrison almost smiling and dressed in tight white trousers smoking a cigarette down to the butt.
Track listing[edit]
All songs written by Van Morrison except as noted.
Side one[edit]
1."Kingdom Hall" - 5:59
2."Checkin' It Out" - 3:29
3."Natalia" - 4:04
4."Venice U.S.A." - 6:32
5."Lifetimes" - 4:15
Side two[edit]
1."Wavelength" - 5:44
2."Santa Fe/Beautiful Obsession" (Jackie De Shannon/Morrison) - 7:04
3."Hungry for Your Love" - 3:45
4."Take It Where You Find It" - 8:40
Remastered CD reissue (2008)[edit]
Includes the same tracks as on the original, with two additional bonus tracks:
1."Wavelength" - 6:07 (Live at the Roxy Theatre, LA. 26 November 1978)
2."Kingdom Hall" - 6:05 (Live at the Roxy Theatre, LA, 26 November 1978)
Personnel[edit]
Musicians*Van Morrison - vocals, acoustic guitar, electric piano, alto saxophone, backing vocals
Peter Bardens - keyboards, synthesizer
Bobby Tench - electric guitar, backing vocals
Herbie Armstrong - rhythm guitars, backing vocals
Mickey Feat - bass
Peter Van Hooke - drums
Garth Hudson - organ, synthesizer, accordion
Ginger Blake - backing vocals
Laura Creamer - backing vocals
Linda Dillard - backing vocals
Mitch Dalton - Spanish guitar ("Take It Where You Find It")
Kuma - bass ("Santa Fe/Beautiful Obsession" and "Take It Where You Find It")
Additional musicians on 2008 reissue (re-mastered)Katie Kissoon - backing vocals
Anna Peacock - backing vocals
ProductionProducer - Van Morrison
Special assistance with production - Mick Glossop, Bobby Tench and Peter Bardens
Production Assistant - Paul Wexler
Second engineers - Alan Douglas, Richard Ash
Remixed - Brooke Arthur
Engineer: Mick Glossop
Additional remix engineer - Peter Granet
Assisting engineer - David Latman
Album CoverCoordination - Danny Lipsius
Art Direction - John Cabalka
Design - Brad Kanawyer
Photography - Norman Seeff
Samples[edit]




Wavelength







Van Morrison, Wavelength (1978)


Kingdom Hall







Van Morrison, Wavelength (1978)


Natalia







Van Morrison, Wavelength (1978)

Problems playing these files? See media help.
Charts[edit]
Album[edit]
Billboard
Year Chart Position
1979 Pop Albums 28
UK Album Chart
Year Chart Position
1979 UK Album Chart 27
Notes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Hinton. Celtic Crossroads. pp. 210–212.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Rogan, No Surrender, p. 315
3.Jump up ^ "Van Morrison Live at the Roxy". discogs.com. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
4.Jump up ^ Rogan, Johnny. No Surrender. p. 315,316, 325.
5.Jump up ^ "Concerts". van.vanomatic.de. Retrieved 2008-08-31.
6.Jump up ^ Heylin, Clinton. Can you feel the silence?: Van Morrison, a new biography. Chicago Review Press. p. 526.
7.^ Jump up to: a b "Wavelength review". sfloman.com. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
8.Jump up ^ Denning, Adrian. "adriandenning.co.uk album reviews". adriandenning.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
9.^ Jump up to: a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Allmusic review". allmusic.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Christgau, Robert. "Robert Christgau review". robertchristgau.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
11.^ Jump up to: a b Bangs, Lester (1978-11-16). "Rolling Stone review". rollingstone.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
12.^ Jump up to: a b Rogan, No Surrender, p. 316
13.Jump up ^ Cocks, Jay, Swann, Annalyn (1978-12-18). "Music: The Pick of the Holiday Season". time.com. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
References[edit]
Heylin, Clinton (2003). Can You Feel the Silence?: Van Morrison: A New Biography. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-55652-517-9
Hinton, Brian (1997). Celtic Crossroads: The Art of Van Morrison, Sanctuary, ISBN 1-86074-169-X
Rogan, Johnny (2006). Van Morrison: No Surrender, London : Vintage Books ISBN 978-0-09-943183-1


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Van Morrison


Them
The Angry Young Them ·
 Them Again ·
 The Story of Them Featuring Van Morrison
 

Studio albums
Blowin' Your Mind! ·
 Astral Weeks ·
 Moondance ·
 His Band and the Street Choir ·
 Tupelo Honey ·
 Saint Dominic's Preview ·
 Hard Nose the Highway ·
 Veedon Fleece ·
 A Period of Transition ·
 Wavelength ·
 Into the Music ·
 Common One ·
 Beautiful Vision ·
 Inarticulate Speech of the Heart ·
 A Sense of Wonder ·
 No Guru, No Method, No Teacher ·
 Poetic Champions Compose ·
 Irish Heartbeat ·
 Avalon Sunset ·
 Enlightenment ·
 Hymns to the Silence ·
 Too Long in Exile ·
 Days Like This ·
 How Long Has This Been Going On ·
 Tell Me Something: The Songs of Mose Allison ·
 The Healing Game ·
 Back on Top ·
 You Win Again ·
 Down the Road ·
 What's Wrong with This Picture? ·
 Magic Time ·
 Pay the Devil ·
 Keep It Simple ·
 Born to Sing: No Plan B ·
 Duets: Re-working the Catalogue
 

Live albums
It's Too Late to Stop Now ·
 Live at the Grand Opera House Belfast ·
 A Night in San Francisco ·
 The Skiffle Sessions - Live in Belfast 1998 ·
 Live at Austin City Limits Festival ·
 Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl
 

Compilations
The Best of Van Morrison ·
 The Best of Van Morrison Volume Two ·
 The Philosopher's Stone ·
 Van Morrison at the Movies - Soundtrack Hits ·
 The Best of Van Morrison Volume 3 ·
 Still on Top - The Greatest Hits
 

Videos
Van Morrison in Ireland ·
 Van Morrison The Concert
 

DVDs
Live at Montreux 1980/1974 ·
 Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl: The Concert Film
 

Films
To Be Born Again
 

Unofficial Bang albums
T.B. Sheets ·
 Bang Masters ·
 Payin' Dues ·
 The Complete New York Sessions '67 ·
 The Complete Bang Sessions
 

Tribute albums
No Prima Donna: The Songs of Van Morrison ·
 The Van Morrison Songbook ·
 Vanthology: A Tribute to Van Morrison ·
 Into the Mystic: An Instrumental Tribute to Van Morrison ·
 The String Quartet Tribute to Van Morrison ·
 Smooth Sax Tribute to Van Morrison ·
 Mystic Piano: Piano Tribute to Van Morrison
 

Discography ·
 Albums ·
 Songs ·
 List of artists who have covered Van Morrison songs ·
 Related topics ·
 List of awards and nominations received by Van Morrison
 

  


Categories: 1978 albums
Albums produced by Van Morrison
Mercury Records albums
Van Morrison albums






Navigation menu



Create account
Log in



Article

Talk









Read

Edit

View history

















Main page
Contents
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Random article
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Recent changes
Contact page

Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
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Permanent link
Page information
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Cite this page

Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version

Languages
Español
Italiano
Português
Svenska
Edit links
This page was last modified on 20 March 2014, at 19:15.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Mobile view
Wikimedia Foundation
Powered by MediaWiki
  

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength_(album)