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Bartolo Longo
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Blessed Bartolo Longo
Bartolo-Longo.jpg
Confessor; Apostle of the Rosary
Born
February 10, 1841
Latiano near Brindisi, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Died
October 5, 1926 (aged 85)
Pompei, Naples, Campania, Kingdom of Italy
Venerated in
Roman Catholic Church
Beatified
October 26, 1980, Rome by Pope John Paul II
Major shrine
Basilica of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Pompei, Pompei, Naples, Italy
Feast
October 5
Blessed Bartolo Longo (February 10, 1841 – October 5, 1926) was an Italian lawyer who has been beatified by the Roman Catholic Church. He was a former Satanist priest who returned to the Christian faith and became a third order Dominican, dedicating his life to the Rosary and the Virgin Mary. He was eventually awarded a papal knighthood.
Contents [hide]
1 Early years
2 Conversion
3 Shrine of Our Lady of Pompei
4 Later life and death
5 Beatification
6 References
7 External links
Early years[edit]
Bartolo Longo was born into a wealthy family on February 10, 1841 in the small town of Latiano, near Brindisi, in southern Italy.[1] His parents were devout Roman Catholics. In 1851, Longo's father died and his mother remarried a lawyer. Despite Longo's stepfather wanting him to become a teacher, Longo was set on becoming a lawyer. In 1861, Longo succeeded in convincing his stepfather and was sent to the University of Naples to study law.[2]
In the 1860s, the Catholic Church in Italy found itself at odds with a strong nationalistic movement. General Giuseppe Garibaldi, who played a key role in Italian unification, saw the Pope as an antagonist to Italian nationalism and actively campaigned for the elimination of the papal office altogether.[3] The Catholic Church in Europe was also competing with a growing popularity in Spiritualism and Occultism.[4] Because of this, many students at the University of Naples took part in demonstrations against the pope, dabbled in witchcraft and consulted Neapolitan mediums.[4][5] Longo became involved with a movement that he claimed led him into a Satanist cult. After some study and several "spiritual" experiences Longo said that he was ordained as a satanic priest.[6]
Conversion[edit]
Bartolo Longo at age 22
In the following years, Longo's life became one of "depression, nervousness, and confusion".[6] Bothered by paranoia and anxiety, he turned to a hometown friend, Vincenzo Pepe, for guidance. It was Pepe who convinced him, in Longo's account, to abandon Satanism and introduced him to the Dominican Father Alberto Radente who led him to a devotion to the rosary. On October 7, 1871 Longo became a Dominican tertiary and took the name “Rosario”. Around this time, he reportedly visited a séance and held up a rosary, declaring, “I renounce spiritualism because it is nothing but a maze of error and falsehood.” He also came to know some Franciscans with whom he helped the poor and incurably ill for two years. Bartolo also kept up his law practice, which took him to the nearby village of Pompei.[5] He went to Pompei to take care of the affairs of Countess Marianna Farnararo De Fusco.[1]
In Pompei, Longo later recounted, he was shocked at the erosion of the people’s faith. He wrote, “Their religion was a mixture of superstition and popular tradition. ... For their every need, ... they would go to a witch, a sorceress, in order to obtain charms and witchcraft.” Through talking to the citizens, Bartolo came to recognize their severe lack of catechesis. When he asked one man if there was only one God, the fellow answered, “When I was a child, I remember people telling me there were three. Now, after so many years, I don‘t know if one of them is dead or one has married.”[5]
Longo wrote of his personal struggles with mental illness, paranoia, depression and anxiety. At one point, he noted struggling with suicidal thoughts, but rejected them by recalling the promise of Saint Dominic, "he who propagates my Rosary will be saved." Longo wrote that this promise is what convinced him to encourage public devotion to the rosary.[7]
Shrine of Our Lady of Pompei[edit]
See also: Shrine of Our Lady of Pompei
Our Lady of the Rosary with St. Dominic and St. Catherine of Siena
With the help of Countess Mariana di Fusco, he inaugurated a confraternity of the Rosary and in October 1873 started restoring a dilapidated church. He sponsored a festival in honor of Our Lady of the Rosary.
In 1875, Longo obtained as a gift a painting portraying Our Lady of the Rosary, with Saint Dominic and Saint Catherine of Siena. Sister M. Concetta de Litala of the Monastery of the Rosary at Porta Medina had been holding it for the Dominican priest Alberto Radente. Radente had acquired it from a junk-shop dealer in Naples for a very small sum. The painting was in bad condition and Longo wrote of his immediate distaste of the poor artistic quality when he first saw it. However, he accepted the gift to conserve funds and to not insult the Sister Concetta. Longo raised funds to restore the image and placed it in the church in an effort to encourage pilgrimages.[8][9]
Alleged miracles began to be reported and people began flocking in droves to the church. Longo was encouraged by the Bishop of Nola to begin the construction of a larger church—the cornerstone being laid on May 8, 1876. The church was consecrated in May 1891 by Cardinal La Valletta (representing Pope Leo XIII).[9] In 1939, the church was enlarged to a basilica, known today as the Basilica of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Pompei.
Later life and death[edit]
At the suggestion of Pope Leo XIII, Bartolo Longo and the Countess Mariana di Fusco were married on April 7, 1885. The couple remained continent (abstained from intercourse),[10] and continued to do many charitable works and provided for orphaned children and the children of prisoners which for its time was revolutionary.[11] In 1906 they donated the entire property of the Pompeii shrine to the Holy See. Longo continued promoting the Rosary until his death on October 5, 1926, at the age of 85. The piazza on which his basilica stands has since been named in memory of Longo. His body is encased in a glass tomb and he is wearing the mantle of a Knight of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre, a papal order of knighthood.
Beatification[edit]
Remains of Blessed Longo
On October 26, 1980 he was beatified by Pope John Paul II, who would call him the "Apostle of the Rosary" and mentioned him specifically in his apostolic letter "Rosarium Virginis Mariae" (The Rosary of the Virgin Mary).[12]
On October 7, 2003 Pope John Paul II prayed for world peace at the Basilica. More than 30,000 people were waiting to greet him as he flew in by helicopter.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Rum, A., "Our Lady of Pompei", Dictionary of Mary, Catholic Book Publishing Co., NY, 1985
2.Jump up ^ Brown, Ann M., "Apostle of the Rosary: Blessed Bartolo Longo", New Hope Publications. 2004. ISBN 1-892875-24-1
3.Jump up ^ Giuseppe Guerzoni, Garibaldi: con documenti editi e inediti, Florence, 1882, Vol. 11, 485.
4.^ Jump up to: a b Conan, Doyle, "The History of Spiritualism Vol II", The Book Tree Co., CA, 2007
5.^ Jump up to: a b c Sullivan, OP, Br. Ezra, "The Rosary: the Devil's Defeat", Catholic Exchange, October 26, 2007
6.^ Jump up to: a b Angelo Stagnaro, "Blessed Bartolo Longo: The Ex-Satanist On the Path to Sainthood", Catholic Herald, 2011-07-19.
7.Jump up ^ Fr. Roger J. Landry, "From Satanist to Saint", 31 October 2008
8.Jump up ^ Cruz, Joan Carroll, "Relics", 1984. p 88-89. ISBN 978-0-87973-701-6
9.^ Jump up to: a b Longo, Bartolo. "History of the Sanctuary of Pompeii". 1895. p 14, 115, 226
10.Jump up ^ Catholic News Agency "BLESSED BARTHOLOMEW LONGO", 5 October 2014
11.Jump up ^ Auletta, Gennaro. "Il Beato Bartolomeo Longo". 1980. ISBN 978-8885291249
12.Jump up ^ Pope John Paul II, Rosarium Virginis Mariae
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bartolo Longo.
Pope John Paul II's Pastoral Visit to the Shrine of Our Lady of the Rosary of Pompei, 7 October 2003
Biography of Blessed Bartolo Longo by Angelo Stagnaro
From Satanist to Saint by Fr. Roger J. Landry, 31 October 2008
Frisk, M. Jean. "Our Lady of Pompeii", Marian Library, University of Dayton
Authority control
WorldCat ·
VIAF: 61555919 ·
LCCN: n83236356 ·
ISNI: 0000 0001 1821 6449 ·
GND: 118574205 ·
BNF: cb120012336 (data) ·
ICCU: IT\ICCU\RAVV\063478
Categories: 1841 births
1926 deaths
20th-century venerated Christians
Italian beatified people
Converts to Roman Catholicism
Italian Dominicans
Knights and Dames of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre
Italian Roman Catholics
People from Pompei
Italian Satanists
People from the Province of Brindisi
University of Naples Federico II alumni
Beatifications by Pope John Paul II
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartolo_Longo
Bartolo Longo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Blessed Bartolo Longo
Bartolo-Longo.jpg
Confessor; Apostle of the Rosary
Born
February 10, 1841
Latiano near Brindisi, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Died
October 5, 1926 (aged 85)
Pompei, Naples, Campania, Kingdom of Italy
Venerated in
Roman Catholic Church
Beatified
October 26, 1980, Rome by Pope John Paul II
Major shrine
Basilica of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Pompei, Pompei, Naples, Italy
Feast
October 5
Blessed Bartolo Longo (February 10, 1841 – October 5, 1926) was an Italian lawyer who has been beatified by the Roman Catholic Church. He was a former Satanist priest who returned to the Christian faith and became a third order Dominican, dedicating his life to the Rosary and the Virgin Mary. He was eventually awarded a papal knighthood.
Contents [hide]
1 Early years
2 Conversion
3 Shrine of Our Lady of Pompei
4 Later life and death
5 Beatification
6 References
7 External links
Early years[edit]
Bartolo Longo was born into a wealthy family on February 10, 1841 in the small town of Latiano, near Brindisi, in southern Italy.[1] His parents were devout Roman Catholics. In 1851, Longo's father died and his mother remarried a lawyer. Despite Longo's stepfather wanting him to become a teacher, Longo was set on becoming a lawyer. In 1861, Longo succeeded in convincing his stepfather and was sent to the University of Naples to study law.[2]
In the 1860s, the Catholic Church in Italy found itself at odds with a strong nationalistic movement. General Giuseppe Garibaldi, who played a key role in Italian unification, saw the Pope as an antagonist to Italian nationalism and actively campaigned for the elimination of the papal office altogether.[3] The Catholic Church in Europe was also competing with a growing popularity in Spiritualism and Occultism.[4] Because of this, many students at the University of Naples took part in demonstrations against the pope, dabbled in witchcraft and consulted Neapolitan mediums.[4][5] Longo became involved with a movement that he claimed led him into a Satanist cult. After some study and several "spiritual" experiences Longo said that he was ordained as a satanic priest.[6]
Conversion[edit]
Bartolo Longo at age 22
In the following years, Longo's life became one of "depression, nervousness, and confusion".[6] Bothered by paranoia and anxiety, he turned to a hometown friend, Vincenzo Pepe, for guidance. It was Pepe who convinced him, in Longo's account, to abandon Satanism and introduced him to the Dominican Father Alberto Radente who led him to a devotion to the rosary. On October 7, 1871 Longo became a Dominican tertiary and took the name “Rosario”. Around this time, he reportedly visited a séance and held up a rosary, declaring, “I renounce spiritualism because it is nothing but a maze of error and falsehood.” He also came to know some Franciscans with whom he helped the poor and incurably ill for two years. Bartolo also kept up his law practice, which took him to the nearby village of Pompei.[5] He went to Pompei to take care of the affairs of Countess Marianna Farnararo De Fusco.[1]
In Pompei, Longo later recounted, he was shocked at the erosion of the people’s faith. He wrote, “Their religion was a mixture of superstition and popular tradition. ... For their every need, ... they would go to a witch, a sorceress, in order to obtain charms and witchcraft.” Through talking to the citizens, Bartolo came to recognize their severe lack of catechesis. When he asked one man if there was only one God, the fellow answered, “When I was a child, I remember people telling me there were three. Now, after so many years, I don‘t know if one of them is dead or one has married.”[5]
Longo wrote of his personal struggles with mental illness, paranoia, depression and anxiety. At one point, he noted struggling with suicidal thoughts, but rejected them by recalling the promise of Saint Dominic, "he who propagates my Rosary will be saved." Longo wrote that this promise is what convinced him to encourage public devotion to the rosary.[7]
Shrine of Our Lady of Pompei[edit]
See also: Shrine of Our Lady of Pompei
Our Lady of the Rosary with St. Dominic and St. Catherine of Siena
With the help of Countess Mariana di Fusco, he inaugurated a confraternity of the Rosary and in October 1873 started restoring a dilapidated church. He sponsored a festival in honor of Our Lady of the Rosary.
In 1875, Longo obtained as a gift a painting portraying Our Lady of the Rosary, with Saint Dominic and Saint Catherine of Siena. Sister M. Concetta de Litala of the Monastery of the Rosary at Porta Medina had been holding it for the Dominican priest Alberto Radente. Radente had acquired it from a junk-shop dealer in Naples for a very small sum. The painting was in bad condition and Longo wrote of his immediate distaste of the poor artistic quality when he first saw it. However, he accepted the gift to conserve funds and to not insult the Sister Concetta. Longo raised funds to restore the image and placed it in the church in an effort to encourage pilgrimages.[8][9]
Alleged miracles began to be reported and people began flocking in droves to the church. Longo was encouraged by the Bishop of Nola to begin the construction of a larger church—the cornerstone being laid on May 8, 1876. The church was consecrated in May 1891 by Cardinal La Valletta (representing Pope Leo XIII).[9] In 1939, the church was enlarged to a basilica, known today as the Basilica of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Pompei.
Later life and death[edit]
At the suggestion of Pope Leo XIII, Bartolo Longo and the Countess Mariana di Fusco were married on April 7, 1885. The couple remained continent (abstained from intercourse),[10] and continued to do many charitable works and provided for orphaned children and the children of prisoners which for its time was revolutionary.[11] In 1906 they donated the entire property of the Pompeii shrine to the Holy See. Longo continued promoting the Rosary until his death on October 5, 1926, at the age of 85. The piazza on which his basilica stands has since been named in memory of Longo. His body is encased in a glass tomb and he is wearing the mantle of a Knight of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre, a papal order of knighthood.
Beatification[edit]
Remains of Blessed Longo
On October 26, 1980 he was beatified by Pope John Paul II, who would call him the "Apostle of the Rosary" and mentioned him specifically in his apostolic letter "Rosarium Virginis Mariae" (The Rosary of the Virgin Mary).[12]
On October 7, 2003 Pope John Paul II prayed for world peace at the Basilica. More than 30,000 people were waiting to greet him as he flew in by helicopter.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Rum, A., "Our Lady of Pompei", Dictionary of Mary, Catholic Book Publishing Co., NY, 1985
2.Jump up ^ Brown, Ann M., "Apostle of the Rosary: Blessed Bartolo Longo", New Hope Publications. 2004. ISBN 1-892875-24-1
3.Jump up ^ Giuseppe Guerzoni, Garibaldi: con documenti editi e inediti, Florence, 1882, Vol. 11, 485.
4.^ Jump up to: a b Conan, Doyle, "The History of Spiritualism Vol II", The Book Tree Co., CA, 2007
5.^ Jump up to: a b c Sullivan, OP, Br. Ezra, "The Rosary: the Devil's Defeat", Catholic Exchange, October 26, 2007
6.^ Jump up to: a b Angelo Stagnaro, "Blessed Bartolo Longo: The Ex-Satanist On the Path to Sainthood", Catholic Herald, 2011-07-19.
7.Jump up ^ Fr. Roger J. Landry, "From Satanist to Saint", 31 October 2008
8.Jump up ^ Cruz, Joan Carroll, "Relics", 1984. p 88-89. ISBN 978-0-87973-701-6
9.^ Jump up to: a b Longo, Bartolo. "History of the Sanctuary of Pompeii". 1895. p 14, 115, 226
10.Jump up ^ Catholic News Agency "BLESSED BARTHOLOMEW LONGO", 5 October 2014
11.Jump up ^ Auletta, Gennaro. "Il Beato Bartolomeo Longo". 1980. ISBN 978-8885291249
12.Jump up ^ Pope John Paul II, Rosarium Virginis Mariae
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bartolo Longo.
Pope John Paul II's Pastoral Visit to the Shrine of Our Lady of the Rosary of Pompei, 7 October 2003
Biography of Blessed Bartolo Longo by Angelo Stagnaro
From Satanist to Saint by Fr. Roger J. Landry, 31 October 2008
Frisk, M. Jean. "Our Lady of Pompeii", Marian Library, University of Dayton
Authority control
WorldCat ·
VIAF: 61555919 ·
LCCN: n83236356 ·
ISNI: 0000 0001 1821 6449 ·
GND: 118574205 ·
BNF: cb120012336 (data) ·
ICCU: IT\ICCU\RAVV\063478
Categories: 1841 births
1926 deaths
20th-century venerated Christians
Italian beatified people
Converts to Roman Catholicism
Italian Dominicans
Knights and Dames of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre
Italian Roman Catholics
People from Pompei
Italian Satanists
People from the Province of Brindisi
University of Naples Federico II alumni
Beatifications by Pope John Paul II
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Category:Italian Satanists
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Bartolo Longo
P
Anita Pallenberg
Categories: Italian people by religion
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Category:Italian Satanists
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Pages in category "Italian Satanists"
The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
L
Bartolo Longo
P
Anita Pallenberg
Categories: Italian people by religion
Satanists by nationality
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This page was last modified on 31 December 2011, at 00:20.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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Category:British Satanists
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This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.
► British Luciferians (1 C)
E
► English Satanists (1 C)
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This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
B
Gavin Baddeley
Categories: British people by religion
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Category:British Satanists
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Subcategories
This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.
► British Luciferians (1 C)
E
► English Satanists (1 C)
Pages in category "British Satanists"
This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
B
Gavin Baddeley
Categories: British people by religion
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Category:English Satanists
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Category:English Satanists
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L
► English Luciferians (3 P)
Categories: British Satanists
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Category:English Luciferians
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Pages in category "English Luciferians"
The following 3 pages are in this category, out of 3 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
B
Gavin Baddeley
F
Dani Filth
M
Madeline Montalban
Categories: British Luciferians
English Satanists
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The following 3 pages are in this category, out of 3 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
B
Gavin Baddeley
F
Dani Filth
M
Madeline Montalban
Categories: British Luciferians
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Madeline Montalban
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Jump to: navigation, search
Madeline Montalban
Madeline Montalban.jpg
Montalban in the 1970s; this image was published in the magazine Man, Myth and Magic.
Born
Madeline Sylvia Royals
8 January 1910
Blackpool, Lancashire, England
Died
11 January 1982 (aged 72)
London, England
Occupation
Astrologer; ceremonial magician
Spouse(s)
George Edward North; Nicholas Heron
Children
Rosanna North
Parent(s)
Willie Royals and Marion Neruda Shaw
Madeline Montalban (born Madeline Sylvia Royals; 8 January 1910 – 11 January 1982) was an English astrologer and ceremonial magician. She co-founded the esoteric organisation known as the Order of the Morning Star (OMS), through which she propagated her own form of Luciferianism.
Born in Blackpool, Lancashire, Montalban moved to London in the early 1930s, immersing herself in the city's esoteric subculture, and influenced by Hermeticism she taught herself ceremonial magic. She associated with significant occultists, including Thelemites like Aleister Crowley and Kenneth Grant, and Wiccans like Gerald Gardner and Alex Sanders. From 1933 to 1953 she published articles on astrology and other esoteric topics in the magazine London Life, and from then until her death in the nationally syndicated magazine Prediction. These were accompanied by several booklets on astrology, released using a variety of different pseudonyms, including Dolores North, Madeline Alvarez and Nina del Luna.
In 1952 she met Nicholas Heron, with whom she entered into a relationship. After moving to Southsea in Essex, they founded the OMS as a correspondence course in 1956, teaching subscribers their own magical rites. Viewing Lucifer as a benevolent angelic deity, she believed Luciferianism had its origins in ancient Babylon, and encouraged her followers to contact angelic beings associated with the planetary bodies to aid their spiritual development. After her relationship with Heron ended in 1964, she returned to London, continuing to propagate the OMS. She settled in the St. Giles district, where she became known to the press as "The Witch of St. Giles". She died of lung cancer in 1982.
Having refused to publish her ideas in books, Montalban became largely forgotten following her death, although the OMS continued under new leadership. Her life and work was mentioned in various occult texts and historical studies of esotericism during subsequent decades; a short biography by Julia Philips was published by the Atlantis Bookshop in 2012.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 Early life: 1910–1938
1.2 Marriage and London Life: 1939–1951
1.3 Prediction and The Order of the Morning Star: 1952–1964
1.4 Later life: 1964–1982
2 Personal life and magico-religious beliefs
3 Legacy
4 References 4.1 Footnotes
4.2 Bibliography
Biography[edit]
Early life: 1910–1938[edit]
Madeline Sylvia Royals was born on 8 January 1910 in Blackpool, Lancashire.[1][2] Little is known of her early life, which coincided with Britain's involvement in the First World War, although she appears to have had a strained relationship with her parents.[3] Her father, Willie Royals, was an insurance agent, while her mother, Marion Neruda Shaw, was a tailor's daughter from Oldham. Willie and Marion had married on 28 June 1909, followed by Madeline's birth seven months later.[4] In early life, Madeline was afflicted with polio, resulting in a lifelong withered leg and limp. Bedridden for the course of the illness, she read literature to entertain herself, enjoying the works of Edward Bulwer-Lytton, H. Rider Haggard and E. T. A. Hoffman. She also read the Bible in her youth, becoming particularly enamored with the texts of the Old Testament, and was convinced that they contained secret messages, a theme that became a central tenet of her later Luciferian beliefs.[5]
Crowley, whom Montalban met in London.
In the early 1930s, she left Blackpool, and moved south to London. Her reasons for doing so have never been satisfactorily explained, and she would offer multiple, contradictory accounts of her reasoning in later life. According to one account, her father sent her to study with the famed occultist and mystic Aleister Crowley, who had founded the religion of Thelema in 1904; Montalban's biographer Julia Philips noted that while she met Crowley in London, this story remains implausible. Another of Montalban's accounts held that she moved to the capital to work for the Daily Express newspaper; this claim has never been corroborated, and one of the paper's reporters at the time, Justine Glass, has claimed that she never remembered Montalban working there.[6] Montalban often changed her stories, and informed later disciple Michael Howard that upon arrival in London, the Daily Express sent her to interview Crowley. According to this story, when she first visited him at his lodgings in Jermyn Street, he was suffering from an asthma attack, and having had experience with this ailment from a family member she was able to help him, earning his gratitude. They subsequently went to the expensive Café Royal in Regent Street, where after their lunch, he revealed that he was unable to pay, leaving Montalban to sort out payment.[7]
Although her own accounts of the initial meeting are unreliable, Montalban met with Crowley, embracing the city's occult scene.[8][9] Having a deep interest in western esotericism, she read widely on the subject, and taught herself the practice of magic rather than seeking out the instruction of a teacher.[10] She was particularly interested in astrology, and in 1933 wrote her first article on the subject for the magazine London Life, entitled "The Stars in the Heavens". Her work continued to see publication in that magazine until 1953, during which time she used different pseudonyms: Madeline Alvarez, Dolores del Castro, Michael Royals, Regina Norcliff, Athene Deluce, Nina de Luna, and the best known, Madeline Montalban, which she created based upon the name of a film star whom she liked, the Mexican actor Ricardo Montalbán.[11]
Marriage and London Life: 1939–1951[edit]
By the end of the 1930s, Montalban was living on Grays Inn Road in the Borough of Holborn.[12] In 1939, she married fireman George Edward North in London. They had a daughter, Rosanna, but their relationship deteriorated and he left her for another woman.[1][13] She later informed friends that during the Second World War, George had served in the Royal Navy while she served in the Women's Royal Naval Service (WRNS), although such claims have never been corroborated.[14] Gerald Gardner, founder of Gardnerian Wicca – known for his unreliable stories[15] – claimed that he met Montalban during the war, when she was wearing a WRNS uniform, and that at the time she was working as a "personal clairvoyant and psychic advisor" to Lord Louis Mountbatten. Various individuals who knew her would comment that she had in her possession a framed blurry picture of Mountbatten with an individual who looked like her.[16][17][18]
She continued her publication of articles under an array of pseudonyms in London Life, and from February 1947 was responsible for a regular astrological column entitled "You and Your Stars" under the name of Nina del Luna.[19] She also undertook other work, and in the late 1940s, Michael Houghton, proprietor of Bloomsbury's esoteric-themed Atlantis Bookshop, asked her to edit a manuscript of Gardner's novel High Magic's Aid, which was set in the Late Middle Ages and which featured practitioners of a Witch-Cult; Gardner later alleged that the book contained allusions to the ritual practices of the New Forest coven of Pagan Witches who had initiated him into their ranks in 1939.[1][20][21][22] Gardner incorrectly believed that Montalban "claimed to be a Witch; but got evrything [sic] wrong" although he credited her with having "a lively imagination."[23] Although initially seeming favourable to Gardner, by the mid-1960s she had become hostile towards him and his Gardnerian tradition, considering him to be "a 'dirty old man' and sexual pervert."[7][24] She also expressed hostility to another prominent Pagan Witch of the period, Charles Cardell, although in the 1960s became friends with the two Witches at the forefront of the Alexandrian Wiccan tradition, Alex Sanders and his wife, Maxine Sanders, who adopted some of her Luciferian angelic practices.[25] She personally despised being referred to as a "witch", and was particularly angry when the esoteric magazine Man, Myth and Magic referred to her as "The Witch of St. Giles", an area of Central London which she would later inhabit.[26]
In his 1977 book Nightside of Eden, the Thelemite Kenneth Grant, then leader of the Typhonian OTO, told a story in which he claimed that both he and Gardner performed rituals in the St. Giles flat of a "Mrs. South", probably a reference to Montalban, who often used the pseudonym of "Mrs North". The truthfulness of Grant's claims have been scrutinised by both Doreen Valiente and Julia Philips, who have pointed out multiple incorrect assertions with his account.[27][28][29]
Prediction and The Order of the Morning Star: 1952–1964[edit]
From August 1953, Montalban ceased working for London Life, publishing her work in the magazine Prediction, one of the country's best-selling esoteric-themed publications. Starting with a series on the uses of the tarot, in May 1960 she was employed to produce a regular astrological column for Prediction.[30] Supplementing such esoteric endeavours, she penned a series of romantic short stories for publication in magazines.[31] Throughout the 1950s she released a series of booklets under different pseudonyms that were devoted to astrology; in one case, she published the same booklet under two separate titles and names, as Madeline Montalban's Your Stars and Love and Madeline Alvarez's Love and the Stars. She never wrote any books, instead preferring the shorter booklets and articles as mediums through which to propagate her views, and was critical of those books that taught the reader how to perform their own horoscopes, believing that they put professional astrologers out of business.[32]
Montalban considered Lucifer – depicted here by William Blake – to be a benevolent deity who had aided humanity since ancient times.
In 1952 she met Nicholas Heron, with whom she entered into a relationship. An engraver, photographer and former journalist for the Brighton Argus, he shared her interest in the occult, and together they developed a magical system based upon Luciferianism, the veneration of the deity Lucifer, or Lumiel, whom they considered to be a benevolent angelic deity. In 1956, they founded the Order of the Morning Star, or Ordo Stella Matutina (OSM), propagating it through a correspondence course.[33] The couple sent out lessons to those who paid the necessary fees over a series of weeks, eventually leading to the twelfth lesson, which contained The Book of Lumiel, a short work written by Montalban that documented her understanding of Lumiel, or Lucifer, and his involvement with humankind.[34] The couple initially lived together in Torrington Place, London, from where they ran the course, but in 1961 moved to the coastal town of Southsea in Essex, where there was greater room for Heron's engraving equipment.[35]
She encouraged members of her OMS course to come and meet with her, and developed friendships with a number of them, blurring the distinction between teacher and pupil.[9][36] Meetings of OMS members were informal, and rarely for ritual, with the majority of the organisation's rites requiring solitary work.[37] According to later members of her Order, Montalban's basis was in Hermeticism, although she was heavily influenced by Mediaeval and Early Modern grimoires like the Picatrix, Corpus Hermeticum, The Heptameron of Pietro d'Abano, The Key of Solomon, The Book of Abramelin, and Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy.[9][37] Unlike the founders of several older ceremonial magic organisations, such as the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn or the Fraternity of the Inner Light, she did not claim any authority from higher spiritual beings such as the Ascended masters or Secret Chiefs.[9] She believed that the Luciferian religion had its origin among the Chaldean people of ancient Babylon in the Middle East,[38] and believed that in a former life, the OMS's members had been "initiates of the Babylonian and Ancient Egyptian priesthood" from where they had originally known each other.[7] She considered herself the reincarnation of King Richard III, and was a member of the Richard III Society; on one occasion, she visited the site of Richard's death at the Battle of Bosworth with fellow OMS members, wearing a suit of armour.[39] In March 1964, Montalban broke from her relationship with Heron, and moved back to London.[40]
Later life: 1964–1982[edit]
From 1964 until 1966 she dwelt in a flat at 8 Holly Hill, Hampstead, which was owned by the husband of one of her OMS students, the Latvian exile and poet Velta Snikere.[12] After leaving Holly Hill, Montalban moved to a flat in the Queen Alexandra Mansions at 3 Grape Street in the St. Giles district of Holborn. Here, she was in close proximity to the two primary bookstores then catering to occult interests, Atlantis Bookshop and Watkins Bookshop, as well as to the British Museum.[41] She offered one of the rooms in her flat to a young astrologer and musician, Rick Hayward, whom she had met in the summer of 1967; he joined the OMS, and in the last few months of Montalban's life authored her astrological forecasts for Prediction. After her death, he continued publishing astrological prophecies in Prediction and Prediction Annual until summer 2012.[42]
In 1967, Michael Howard, a young man interested in witchcraft and the occult wrote to Montalban after reading one of her articles in Prediction; she invited him to visit her at her home. The two became friends, with Montalban believing that she could see the "Mark of Cain" on him. Over the coming year, he spent much of his time with her, and in 1968 they went on what she called a "magical mystery tour" to the West Country, visiting Stonehenge, Boscastle and Tintagel. In 1969, he was initiated into Gardnerian Wicca, something she disapproved of, and their friendship subsequently "hit a stormy period" with the pair going "[their] own ways for several years."[7][43]
A lifelong smoker, Montalban developed lung cancer, causing her death on 11 January 1982.[9][44] The role of sorting out her financial affairs fell to her friend, Pat Arthy, who discovered that despite her emphasis on the magical attainment of material wealth, she owned no property and that her estate was worth less than £10,000.[45] The copyright of her writings fell to her daughter, Rosanna, who entrusted the running of the OMS to two of Montalban's initiates, married couple Jo Sheridan and Alfred Douglas, who were authorised as the exclusive publishers of her correspondence course.[9] Sheridan – whose real name was Patricia Douglas – opened an alternative therapy centre in Islington, North London, in the 1980s, before retiring to Rye, East Sussex in 2002, where she continued running the OMS correspondence course until her death in 2011.[46]
Personal life and magico-religious beliefs[edit]
According to her biographer Julia Philips, Montalban had been described by her magical students as "tempestuous, generous, humorous, demanding, kind, capricious, talented, volatile, selfish, goodhearted, [and] dramatic".[47] Philips noted that she was a woman who made a "definite impression" in all those whom she encountered, but who equally could be quite shy and disliked being interviewed in anything other than print.[47] Philips asserted that Montalban had a "mercurial personality" and could be kind and generous at one moment and fly into a violent temper the next.[48] Several of her friends noted that she was prudish when it came to sexual matters.[49] She would take great pleasure in causing arguments, particularly between a couple who were romantically involved.[50]
Describing herself as a "pagan", Montalban's personal faith was Luciferian in basis, revolving around the veneration of Lucifer, or Lumiel, whom she considered to be a benevolent angelic being who had aided humanity's development. Within her Order, she emphasised that her followers discover their own personal relationship with the angelic beings, including Lumiel.[51] Montalban considered astrology to be a central part of her religious worldview, and always maintained that one could be a good magician only if they had mastered astrology.[52] Her correspondence course focused around the seven planetary bodies that were known in the ancient world and the angelic beings that she associated with them: Michael (Sun), Gabriel (Moon), Samael (Mars), Raphael (Mercury), Sachiel (Jupiter), Anael (Venus) and Cassiel (Saturn). Each of these beings was in turn associated with certain days, hours, minerals, plants, and animals, each of which could be used in the creation of talismans that invoked the angelic power.[53] Montalban disliked the theatrical use of props and rites in ceremonial magic, such as that performed by the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, preferring a more simplistic use of ritual.[7][54]
Legacy[edit]
In his book on the history of Wicca, The Triumph of the Moon (1999), historian Ronald Hutton of Bristol University noted that Montalban was "one of England's most prominent occultists" of the 20th century.[55] Michael Howard would refer to Montalban's teachings in his book on Luciferian mythology, The Book of Fallen Angels (2004).[56]
In 2012, Neptune Press – the publishing arm of Bloomsbury's Atlantis Bookshop – published a short biography of Montalban entitled Madeline Montalban: The Magus of St Giles, written by Anglo-Australian Wiccan Julia Philips. Philips noted that for much of the project she found it difficult separating fact from fiction when it came to Montalban's life, but that she had been able to nevertheless put together a biographical account, albeit an incomplete one, of "one of the truly great characters of English occultism."[57]
References[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c Heselton 2000. p. 300.
2.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 21.
3.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 21–22.
4.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 23–24.
5.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 25–26.
6.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 29–30.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Howard 2010.
8.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 31–33.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Douglas and Sheridan 2007.
10.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 73–74.
11.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 22–23.
12.^ Jump up to: a b Philips 2012. p. 35.
13.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 26–27.
14.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 27.
15.Jump up ^ Hutton 1999. p. 239.
16.Jump up ^ Valiente 1989. pp. 49–50.
17.Jump up ^ Heselton 2000. p. 301.
18.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 27–28.
19.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 65.
20.Jump up ^ Valiente 1989. p. 49.
21.Jump up ^ Hutton 1999. pp. 224, 244.
22.Jump up ^ Heselton 2003. pp. 245–246, 377.
23.Jump up ^ Heselton 2003. p. 246.
24.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 69.
25.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 69–70.
26.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 70.
27.Jump up ^ Grant 1977. pp. 123–124.
28.Jump up ^ Valiente 1989. p. 50.
29.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 33–35.
30.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 64–66.
31.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 66.
32.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 63.
33.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 81–82.
34.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 95–97.
35.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 81.
36.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 20.
37.^ Jump up to: a b Philips 2012. p. 89.
38.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 85.
39.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 18–19.
40.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 83.
41.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 36, 39.
42.Jump up ^ Douglas 2013.
43.Jump up ^ Gregorius 2013. p. 243.
44.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 99.
45.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 88, 99.
46.Jump up ^ Howard 2012. p. 44.
47.^ Jump up to: a b Philips 2012. p. 7.
48.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 11.
49.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 34.
50.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 37.
51.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 26, 85–86.
52.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 86.
53.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 86–87.
54.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 32–33.
55.Jump up ^ Hutton 1999. p. 268.
56.Jump up ^ Howard 2004.
57.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 7–8.
Bibliography[edit]
Douglas, Alfred and Sheridan, Jo (2007). "Madeline Montalban and the Order of the Morning Star". SheridanDouglas.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 5 November 2012.Douglas, Alfred (February 2013). "Rick Hayward (1947–2012)". The Cauldron 147: 32. ISSN 0964-5594.Grant, Kenneth (1977). Nightside of Eden. London: Frederick Muller. ISBN 978-0-584-10206-2.Gregorius, Fredrik (2013). "Luciferian Witchcraft: At the Crossroads between Paganism and Satanism". In Per Faxneld and Jesper Aa. Petersen. The Devil's Party: Satanism in Modernity. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 229–249. ISBN 978-0-19-977924-6.Heselton, Philip (2000). Wiccan Roots: Gerald Gardner and the Modern Witchcraft Revival. Chieveley, Berkshire: Capall Bann. ISBN 978-1-86163-110-7.Heselton, Philip (2003). Gerald Gardner and the Cauldron of Inspiration: An Investigation into the Sources of Gardnerian Witchcraft. Milverton, Somerset: Capall Bann. ISBN 978-1-86163-164-0.Howard, Michael (2004). The Book of Fallen Angels. Milverton, Somerset: Capall Bann. ISBN 978-1-86163-236-4.Howard, Michael (February 2010). "A Seeker's Journey". The Cauldron 135. ISSN 0964-5594.Howard, Michael (May 2012). "Patricia 'Patsy' Douglas (1919–2011)". The Cauldron 144: 44. ISSN 0964-5594.Hutton, Ronald (1999). The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-162241-0.Philips, Julia (2012). Madeline Montalban: The Magus of St. Giles. Bloomsbury, London: Neptune Press. ISBN 978-0-9547063-9-5.Valiente, Doreen (1989). The Rebirth of Witchcraft. London: Robert Hale. ISBN 978-0-7090-3715-6.
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This is a featured article. Click here for more information.
Madeline Montalban
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Madeline Montalban
Madeline Montalban.jpg
Montalban in the 1970s; this image was published in the magazine Man, Myth and Magic.
Born
Madeline Sylvia Royals
8 January 1910
Blackpool, Lancashire, England
Died
11 January 1982 (aged 72)
London, England
Occupation
Astrologer; ceremonial magician
Spouse(s)
George Edward North; Nicholas Heron
Children
Rosanna North
Parent(s)
Willie Royals and Marion Neruda Shaw
Madeline Montalban (born Madeline Sylvia Royals; 8 January 1910 – 11 January 1982) was an English astrologer and ceremonial magician. She co-founded the esoteric organisation known as the Order of the Morning Star (OMS), through which she propagated her own form of Luciferianism.
Born in Blackpool, Lancashire, Montalban moved to London in the early 1930s, immersing herself in the city's esoteric subculture, and influenced by Hermeticism she taught herself ceremonial magic. She associated with significant occultists, including Thelemites like Aleister Crowley and Kenneth Grant, and Wiccans like Gerald Gardner and Alex Sanders. From 1933 to 1953 she published articles on astrology and other esoteric topics in the magazine London Life, and from then until her death in the nationally syndicated magazine Prediction. These were accompanied by several booklets on astrology, released using a variety of different pseudonyms, including Dolores North, Madeline Alvarez and Nina del Luna.
In 1952 she met Nicholas Heron, with whom she entered into a relationship. After moving to Southsea in Essex, they founded the OMS as a correspondence course in 1956, teaching subscribers their own magical rites. Viewing Lucifer as a benevolent angelic deity, she believed Luciferianism had its origins in ancient Babylon, and encouraged her followers to contact angelic beings associated with the planetary bodies to aid their spiritual development. After her relationship with Heron ended in 1964, she returned to London, continuing to propagate the OMS. She settled in the St. Giles district, where she became known to the press as "The Witch of St. Giles". She died of lung cancer in 1982.
Having refused to publish her ideas in books, Montalban became largely forgotten following her death, although the OMS continued under new leadership. Her life and work was mentioned in various occult texts and historical studies of esotericism during subsequent decades; a short biography by Julia Philips was published by the Atlantis Bookshop in 2012.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 Early life: 1910–1938
1.2 Marriage and London Life: 1939–1951
1.3 Prediction and The Order of the Morning Star: 1952–1964
1.4 Later life: 1964–1982
2 Personal life and magico-religious beliefs
3 Legacy
4 References 4.1 Footnotes
4.2 Bibliography
Biography[edit]
Early life: 1910–1938[edit]
Madeline Sylvia Royals was born on 8 January 1910 in Blackpool, Lancashire.[1][2] Little is known of her early life, which coincided with Britain's involvement in the First World War, although she appears to have had a strained relationship with her parents.[3] Her father, Willie Royals, was an insurance agent, while her mother, Marion Neruda Shaw, was a tailor's daughter from Oldham. Willie and Marion had married on 28 June 1909, followed by Madeline's birth seven months later.[4] In early life, Madeline was afflicted with polio, resulting in a lifelong withered leg and limp. Bedridden for the course of the illness, she read literature to entertain herself, enjoying the works of Edward Bulwer-Lytton, H. Rider Haggard and E. T. A. Hoffman. She also read the Bible in her youth, becoming particularly enamored with the texts of the Old Testament, and was convinced that they contained secret messages, a theme that became a central tenet of her later Luciferian beliefs.[5]
Crowley, whom Montalban met in London.
In the early 1930s, she left Blackpool, and moved south to London. Her reasons for doing so have never been satisfactorily explained, and she would offer multiple, contradictory accounts of her reasoning in later life. According to one account, her father sent her to study with the famed occultist and mystic Aleister Crowley, who had founded the religion of Thelema in 1904; Montalban's biographer Julia Philips noted that while she met Crowley in London, this story remains implausible. Another of Montalban's accounts held that she moved to the capital to work for the Daily Express newspaper; this claim has never been corroborated, and one of the paper's reporters at the time, Justine Glass, has claimed that she never remembered Montalban working there.[6] Montalban often changed her stories, and informed later disciple Michael Howard that upon arrival in London, the Daily Express sent her to interview Crowley. According to this story, when she first visited him at his lodgings in Jermyn Street, he was suffering from an asthma attack, and having had experience with this ailment from a family member she was able to help him, earning his gratitude. They subsequently went to the expensive Café Royal in Regent Street, where after their lunch, he revealed that he was unable to pay, leaving Montalban to sort out payment.[7]
Although her own accounts of the initial meeting are unreliable, Montalban met with Crowley, embracing the city's occult scene.[8][9] Having a deep interest in western esotericism, she read widely on the subject, and taught herself the practice of magic rather than seeking out the instruction of a teacher.[10] She was particularly interested in astrology, and in 1933 wrote her first article on the subject for the magazine London Life, entitled "The Stars in the Heavens". Her work continued to see publication in that magazine until 1953, during which time she used different pseudonyms: Madeline Alvarez, Dolores del Castro, Michael Royals, Regina Norcliff, Athene Deluce, Nina de Luna, and the best known, Madeline Montalban, which she created based upon the name of a film star whom she liked, the Mexican actor Ricardo Montalbán.[11]
Marriage and London Life: 1939–1951[edit]
By the end of the 1930s, Montalban was living on Grays Inn Road in the Borough of Holborn.[12] In 1939, she married fireman George Edward North in London. They had a daughter, Rosanna, but their relationship deteriorated and he left her for another woman.[1][13] She later informed friends that during the Second World War, George had served in the Royal Navy while she served in the Women's Royal Naval Service (WRNS), although such claims have never been corroborated.[14] Gerald Gardner, founder of Gardnerian Wicca – known for his unreliable stories[15] – claimed that he met Montalban during the war, when she was wearing a WRNS uniform, and that at the time she was working as a "personal clairvoyant and psychic advisor" to Lord Louis Mountbatten. Various individuals who knew her would comment that she had in her possession a framed blurry picture of Mountbatten with an individual who looked like her.[16][17][18]
She continued her publication of articles under an array of pseudonyms in London Life, and from February 1947 was responsible for a regular astrological column entitled "You and Your Stars" under the name of Nina del Luna.[19] She also undertook other work, and in the late 1940s, Michael Houghton, proprietor of Bloomsbury's esoteric-themed Atlantis Bookshop, asked her to edit a manuscript of Gardner's novel High Magic's Aid, which was set in the Late Middle Ages and which featured practitioners of a Witch-Cult; Gardner later alleged that the book contained allusions to the ritual practices of the New Forest coven of Pagan Witches who had initiated him into their ranks in 1939.[1][20][21][22] Gardner incorrectly believed that Montalban "claimed to be a Witch; but got evrything [sic] wrong" although he credited her with having "a lively imagination."[23] Although initially seeming favourable to Gardner, by the mid-1960s she had become hostile towards him and his Gardnerian tradition, considering him to be "a 'dirty old man' and sexual pervert."[7][24] She also expressed hostility to another prominent Pagan Witch of the period, Charles Cardell, although in the 1960s became friends with the two Witches at the forefront of the Alexandrian Wiccan tradition, Alex Sanders and his wife, Maxine Sanders, who adopted some of her Luciferian angelic practices.[25] She personally despised being referred to as a "witch", and was particularly angry when the esoteric magazine Man, Myth and Magic referred to her as "The Witch of St. Giles", an area of Central London which she would later inhabit.[26]
In his 1977 book Nightside of Eden, the Thelemite Kenneth Grant, then leader of the Typhonian OTO, told a story in which he claimed that both he and Gardner performed rituals in the St. Giles flat of a "Mrs. South", probably a reference to Montalban, who often used the pseudonym of "Mrs North". The truthfulness of Grant's claims have been scrutinised by both Doreen Valiente and Julia Philips, who have pointed out multiple incorrect assertions with his account.[27][28][29]
Prediction and The Order of the Morning Star: 1952–1964[edit]
From August 1953, Montalban ceased working for London Life, publishing her work in the magazine Prediction, one of the country's best-selling esoteric-themed publications. Starting with a series on the uses of the tarot, in May 1960 she was employed to produce a regular astrological column for Prediction.[30] Supplementing such esoteric endeavours, she penned a series of romantic short stories for publication in magazines.[31] Throughout the 1950s she released a series of booklets under different pseudonyms that were devoted to astrology; in one case, she published the same booklet under two separate titles and names, as Madeline Montalban's Your Stars and Love and Madeline Alvarez's Love and the Stars. She never wrote any books, instead preferring the shorter booklets and articles as mediums through which to propagate her views, and was critical of those books that taught the reader how to perform their own horoscopes, believing that they put professional astrologers out of business.[32]
Montalban considered Lucifer – depicted here by William Blake – to be a benevolent deity who had aided humanity since ancient times.
In 1952 she met Nicholas Heron, with whom she entered into a relationship. An engraver, photographer and former journalist for the Brighton Argus, he shared her interest in the occult, and together they developed a magical system based upon Luciferianism, the veneration of the deity Lucifer, or Lumiel, whom they considered to be a benevolent angelic deity. In 1956, they founded the Order of the Morning Star, or Ordo Stella Matutina (OSM), propagating it through a correspondence course.[33] The couple sent out lessons to those who paid the necessary fees over a series of weeks, eventually leading to the twelfth lesson, which contained The Book of Lumiel, a short work written by Montalban that documented her understanding of Lumiel, or Lucifer, and his involvement with humankind.[34] The couple initially lived together in Torrington Place, London, from where they ran the course, but in 1961 moved to the coastal town of Southsea in Essex, where there was greater room for Heron's engraving equipment.[35]
She encouraged members of her OMS course to come and meet with her, and developed friendships with a number of them, blurring the distinction between teacher and pupil.[9][36] Meetings of OMS members were informal, and rarely for ritual, with the majority of the organisation's rites requiring solitary work.[37] According to later members of her Order, Montalban's basis was in Hermeticism, although she was heavily influenced by Mediaeval and Early Modern grimoires like the Picatrix, Corpus Hermeticum, The Heptameron of Pietro d'Abano, The Key of Solomon, The Book of Abramelin, and Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy.[9][37] Unlike the founders of several older ceremonial magic organisations, such as the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn or the Fraternity of the Inner Light, she did not claim any authority from higher spiritual beings such as the Ascended masters or Secret Chiefs.[9] She believed that the Luciferian religion had its origin among the Chaldean people of ancient Babylon in the Middle East,[38] and believed that in a former life, the OMS's members had been "initiates of the Babylonian and Ancient Egyptian priesthood" from where they had originally known each other.[7] She considered herself the reincarnation of King Richard III, and was a member of the Richard III Society; on one occasion, she visited the site of Richard's death at the Battle of Bosworth with fellow OMS members, wearing a suit of armour.[39] In March 1964, Montalban broke from her relationship with Heron, and moved back to London.[40]
Later life: 1964–1982[edit]
From 1964 until 1966 she dwelt in a flat at 8 Holly Hill, Hampstead, which was owned by the husband of one of her OMS students, the Latvian exile and poet Velta Snikere.[12] After leaving Holly Hill, Montalban moved to a flat in the Queen Alexandra Mansions at 3 Grape Street in the St. Giles district of Holborn. Here, she was in close proximity to the two primary bookstores then catering to occult interests, Atlantis Bookshop and Watkins Bookshop, as well as to the British Museum.[41] She offered one of the rooms in her flat to a young astrologer and musician, Rick Hayward, whom she had met in the summer of 1967; he joined the OMS, and in the last few months of Montalban's life authored her astrological forecasts for Prediction. After her death, he continued publishing astrological prophecies in Prediction and Prediction Annual until summer 2012.[42]
In 1967, Michael Howard, a young man interested in witchcraft and the occult wrote to Montalban after reading one of her articles in Prediction; she invited him to visit her at her home. The two became friends, with Montalban believing that she could see the "Mark of Cain" on him. Over the coming year, he spent much of his time with her, and in 1968 they went on what she called a "magical mystery tour" to the West Country, visiting Stonehenge, Boscastle and Tintagel. In 1969, he was initiated into Gardnerian Wicca, something she disapproved of, and their friendship subsequently "hit a stormy period" with the pair going "[their] own ways for several years."[7][43]
A lifelong smoker, Montalban developed lung cancer, causing her death on 11 January 1982.[9][44] The role of sorting out her financial affairs fell to her friend, Pat Arthy, who discovered that despite her emphasis on the magical attainment of material wealth, she owned no property and that her estate was worth less than £10,000.[45] The copyright of her writings fell to her daughter, Rosanna, who entrusted the running of the OMS to two of Montalban's initiates, married couple Jo Sheridan and Alfred Douglas, who were authorised as the exclusive publishers of her correspondence course.[9] Sheridan – whose real name was Patricia Douglas – opened an alternative therapy centre in Islington, North London, in the 1980s, before retiring to Rye, East Sussex in 2002, where she continued running the OMS correspondence course until her death in 2011.[46]
Personal life and magico-religious beliefs[edit]
According to her biographer Julia Philips, Montalban had been described by her magical students as "tempestuous, generous, humorous, demanding, kind, capricious, talented, volatile, selfish, goodhearted, [and] dramatic".[47] Philips noted that she was a woman who made a "definite impression" in all those whom she encountered, but who equally could be quite shy and disliked being interviewed in anything other than print.[47] Philips asserted that Montalban had a "mercurial personality" and could be kind and generous at one moment and fly into a violent temper the next.[48] Several of her friends noted that she was prudish when it came to sexual matters.[49] She would take great pleasure in causing arguments, particularly between a couple who were romantically involved.[50]
Describing herself as a "pagan", Montalban's personal faith was Luciferian in basis, revolving around the veneration of Lucifer, or Lumiel, whom she considered to be a benevolent angelic being who had aided humanity's development. Within her Order, she emphasised that her followers discover their own personal relationship with the angelic beings, including Lumiel.[51] Montalban considered astrology to be a central part of her religious worldview, and always maintained that one could be a good magician only if they had mastered astrology.[52] Her correspondence course focused around the seven planetary bodies that were known in the ancient world and the angelic beings that she associated with them: Michael (Sun), Gabriel (Moon), Samael (Mars), Raphael (Mercury), Sachiel (Jupiter), Anael (Venus) and Cassiel (Saturn). Each of these beings was in turn associated with certain days, hours, minerals, plants, and animals, each of which could be used in the creation of talismans that invoked the angelic power.[53] Montalban disliked the theatrical use of props and rites in ceremonial magic, such as that performed by the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, preferring a more simplistic use of ritual.[7][54]
Legacy[edit]
In his book on the history of Wicca, The Triumph of the Moon (1999), historian Ronald Hutton of Bristol University noted that Montalban was "one of England's most prominent occultists" of the 20th century.[55] Michael Howard would refer to Montalban's teachings in his book on Luciferian mythology, The Book of Fallen Angels (2004).[56]
In 2012, Neptune Press – the publishing arm of Bloomsbury's Atlantis Bookshop – published a short biography of Montalban entitled Madeline Montalban: The Magus of St Giles, written by Anglo-Australian Wiccan Julia Philips. Philips noted that for much of the project she found it difficult separating fact from fiction when it came to Montalban's life, but that she had been able to nevertheless put together a biographical account, albeit an incomplete one, of "one of the truly great characters of English occultism."[57]
References[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c Heselton 2000. p. 300.
2.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 21.
3.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 21–22.
4.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 23–24.
5.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 25–26.
6.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 29–30.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Howard 2010.
8.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 31–33.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Douglas and Sheridan 2007.
10.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 73–74.
11.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 22–23.
12.^ Jump up to: a b Philips 2012. p. 35.
13.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 26–27.
14.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 27.
15.Jump up ^ Hutton 1999. p. 239.
16.Jump up ^ Valiente 1989. pp. 49–50.
17.Jump up ^ Heselton 2000. p. 301.
18.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 27–28.
19.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 65.
20.Jump up ^ Valiente 1989. p. 49.
21.Jump up ^ Hutton 1999. pp. 224, 244.
22.Jump up ^ Heselton 2003. pp. 245–246, 377.
23.Jump up ^ Heselton 2003. p. 246.
24.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 69.
25.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 69–70.
26.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 70.
27.Jump up ^ Grant 1977. pp. 123–124.
28.Jump up ^ Valiente 1989. p. 50.
29.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 33–35.
30.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 64–66.
31.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 66.
32.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 63.
33.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 81–82.
34.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 95–97.
35.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 81.
36.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 20.
37.^ Jump up to: a b Philips 2012. p. 89.
38.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 85.
39.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 18–19.
40.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 83.
41.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 36, 39.
42.Jump up ^ Douglas 2013.
43.Jump up ^ Gregorius 2013. p. 243.
44.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 99.
45.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 88, 99.
46.Jump up ^ Howard 2012. p. 44.
47.^ Jump up to: a b Philips 2012. p. 7.
48.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 11.
49.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 34.
50.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 37.
51.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 26, 85–86.
52.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. p. 86.
53.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 86–87.
54.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 32–33.
55.Jump up ^ Hutton 1999. p. 268.
56.Jump up ^ Howard 2004.
57.Jump up ^ Philips 2012. pp. 7–8.
Bibliography[edit]
Douglas, Alfred and Sheridan, Jo (2007). "Madeline Montalban and the Order of the Morning Star". SheridanDouglas.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 5 November 2012.Douglas, Alfred (February 2013). "Rick Hayward (1947–2012)". The Cauldron 147: 32. ISSN 0964-5594.Grant, Kenneth (1977). Nightside of Eden. London: Frederick Muller. ISBN 978-0-584-10206-2.Gregorius, Fredrik (2013). "Luciferian Witchcraft: At the Crossroads between Paganism and Satanism". In Per Faxneld and Jesper Aa. Petersen. The Devil's Party: Satanism in Modernity. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 229–249. ISBN 978-0-19-977924-6.Heselton, Philip (2000). Wiccan Roots: Gerald Gardner and the Modern Witchcraft Revival. Chieveley, Berkshire: Capall Bann. ISBN 978-1-86163-110-7.Heselton, Philip (2003). Gerald Gardner and the Cauldron of Inspiration: An Investigation into the Sources of Gardnerian Witchcraft. Milverton, Somerset: Capall Bann. ISBN 978-1-86163-164-0.Howard, Michael (2004). The Book of Fallen Angels. Milverton, Somerset: Capall Bann. ISBN 978-1-86163-236-4.Howard, Michael (February 2010). "A Seeker's Journey". The Cauldron 135. ISSN 0964-5594.Howard, Michael (May 2012). "Patricia 'Patsy' Douglas (1919–2011)". The Cauldron 144: 44. ISSN 0964-5594.Hutton, Ronald (1999). The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-162241-0.Philips, Julia (2012). Madeline Montalban: The Magus of St. Giles. Bloomsbury, London: Neptune Press. ISBN 978-0-9547063-9-5.Valiente, Doreen (1989). The Rebirth of Witchcraft. London: Robert Hale. ISBN 978-0-7090-3715-6.
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Joseph-Antoine Boullan
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Joseph-Antoine Boullan
Abbé Joseph-Antoine Boullan (Saint-Porquier, Tarn-et-Garonne, 18 February 1824 – 4 January 1893, Lyon) was a French Roman Catholic priest and later a laicized priest, who is often accused of being a Satanist although he continued to defend his status as a Christian.
He was a friend and inspiration of the writer Joris-Karl Huysmans.[1][2] Huysmans with Henri Antoine Jules-Bois supported Boullan in a celebrated occultist feud with the Marquis Stanislas de Guaita.[3]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Liukkonen, Petri. "Joris-Karl Huysmans". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015., Robert Graham Irwin, The Lust of Knowing (2006) p. 220.
2.Jump up ^ Lucie-Smith, Edward. (1972) Symbolist Art. London: Thames & Hudson, p. 110. ISBN 0500201250
3.Jump up ^ The Invisible Basilica: Gerard Encausse (Papus)
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Joseph-Antoine Boullan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Joseph-Antoine Boullan
Abbé Joseph-Antoine Boullan (Saint-Porquier, Tarn-et-Garonne, 18 February 1824 – 4 January 1893, Lyon) was a French Roman Catholic priest and later a laicized priest, who is often accused of being a Satanist although he continued to defend his status as a Christian.
He was a friend and inspiration of the writer Joris-Karl Huysmans.[1][2] Huysmans with Henri Antoine Jules-Bois supported Boullan in a celebrated occultist feud with the Marquis Stanislas de Guaita.[3]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Liukkonen, Petri. "Joris-Karl Huysmans". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015., Robert Graham Irwin, The Lust of Knowing (2006) p. 220.
2.Jump up ^ Lucie-Smith, Edward. (1972) Symbolist Art. London: Thames & Hudson, p. 110. ISBN 0500201250
3.Jump up ^ The Invisible Basilica: Gerard Encausse (Papus)
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Charles-François Dupuis
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"Charles Dupuis" redirects here. For the engraver of that name, see Charles Dupuis (engraver).
Charles-François Dupuis.
Charles François Dupuis (26 October 1742 – 29 September 1809) was a French savant, a professor (from 1766) of rhetoric at the Collège de Lisieux, Paris, who studied for the law in his spare time and was received as avocat in 1770. He also ventured into the field of mathematics and served on the committee that developed the French Republican Calendar. Along with Constantin François Chassebœuf de Volney (1757–1820) Dupuis was known for developing the Christ myth theory, which argued that Christianity was an amalgamation of various ancient mythologies and that Jesus was a mythical character.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Christ myth theory
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Biography[edit]
Dupuis was born in Trie-Château (in present-day Oise), the son of a schoolmaster.
His precocious talents were recognized by the duc de La Rochefoucauld who sent him to the College d'Harcourt. In 1778, he invented a telegraph with which he was able to correspond with his friend Fortin de Bagneux, and must be considered among the first inventors of the telegraph that was perfected by Claude Chappe.
Dupuis devoted himself to the study of astronomy (his tutor was Lalande) in connection with mythology, the result of which was his magnum opus: Origine de tous les Cultes, ou la Réligion Universelle. It appeared in 1795 in quarto or octavo format, profusely illustrated (in 12 volumes); an abridgement (1798) spread his system more widely among the reading public. In Origine he advocated the unity of the astronomical and religious myths of all nations, an aspect of the Enlightenment's confidence in the universality of human nature. In his Mémoire explicatif du Zodiaque, chronologique et mythologique (1806) he similarly maintains a common origin for the astronomical and religious opinions of the Greeks, Egyptians, Chinese, Persians, and Arabians. He contributed to the Journal des savants a memoire on the origin of the constellations and on the explication of myth through astronomy, which was published as a separate fascicle in 1781. He came to the attention of Frederick the Great, who appointed him secretary but died before Dupuis could take up duties in Berlin.
Teaching Latin eloquence at the Collège de France, he was elected to the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres.
After the start of the Revolution, Dupuis fled Paris, appalled by the massacres of September 1792, only to return when he discovered he had been elected to the National Convention, where he sat on the Council of Five Hundred, and was President of the Legislative Body after the coup d'état of 18 Brumaire. He left political life in 1802. In April 1806 he received the Legion of Honor.
Christ myth theory[edit]
The beginnings of the formal denial of the existence of Jesus can be traced to late 18th century France, and the works of Constantin François Chassebœuf de Volney (1757–1820) and Dupuis.[1][2] Volney and Dupuis argued that Christianity was an amalgamation of various ancient mythologies and that Jesus was a mythical character.[1][3]
Dupuis argued that ancient rituals in Syria, Egypt and Persia had influenced the Christian story which was allegorized as the histories of solar deities, such as Sol Invictus.[4] He argued also that Jewish and Christian scriptures could be interpreted according to the solar pattern, e.g. the Fall of Man in Genesis being an allegory of the hardship caused by winter, and the resurrection of Jesus an allegory for the growth of the sun's strength in the sign of Aries at the spring equinox.[4]
Volney argued that Abraham and Sarah were derived from Brahma and his wife Saraswati, and that Christ was related to Krishna.[5] Volney published before Dupuis but made use of a draft version of Dupuis' work, and followed much of his argument, but at times differed from him, e.g. in arguing that the gospel stories were not intentionally created as an extended allegory grounded in solar myths, but were compiled organically when simple allegorical statements were misunderstood as history.[4]
Reception[edit]
French Catholic librarian Jean-Baptiste Pérès wrote a satirical refutation of Dupuis's work under the title of Grand Erratum (1827), in which he maintains, in parallel to Dupuis's thesis that the cult of Christ is merely a cult of the Sun, that Napoleon (who, in reality, died a mere six years before the publication of the pamphlet) never existed, but was only a sun myth.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Weaver, Walter P. (1999). The Historical Jesus in the Twentieth Century, 1900–1950. Trinity. pp. 45-50.
2.Jump up ^ Schweitzer, Albert. (2001) [1913] The Quest of the Historical Jesus. Fortress. p. 355ff.
3.Jump up ^ Van Voorst, Robert E. (2000). Jesus Outside the New Testament: An Introduction to the Ancient Evidence. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 7-11. ISBN 0-8028-4368-9.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c Wells, G. A. (1969). Stages of New Testament Criticism. Journal of the History of Ideas, 30 (2): 147-160.
5.Jump up ^ Leask, Nigel (2004). British Romantic Writers and the East. Cambridge Univ Press. pp. 104 -105. ISBN 0521604443.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). "Dupuis, Charles François". The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.
External links[edit]
Brief notes
Origine, chapter ix: "An explanation of the fable, in which the Sun is worshiped under the name of Christ"
Origine, chapter xii: "“An abridged explanation of an apocalyptic work of the initiates into the mysteries of the light and of the sun, worshipped under the symbol of the vernal lamb or of the celestial ram."
Full text of Origin of all Religious Worship (Origine de tous les Cultes)
Authority control
WorldCat ·
VIAF: 12404693 ·
LCCN: n79027128 ·
ISNI: 0000 0001 1021 2590 ·
GND: 117663638 ·
BNF: cb12459747x (data) ·
ULAN: 500041149
Categories: 1742 births
1809 deaths
People from Oise
French scientists
Enlightenment scientists
Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
French Satanists
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Satanism
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois_Dupuis
Charles-François Dupuis
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"Charles Dupuis" redirects here. For the engraver of that name, see Charles Dupuis (engraver).
Charles-François Dupuis.
Charles François Dupuis (26 October 1742 – 29 September 1809) was a French savant, a professor (from 1766) of rhetoric at the Collège de Lisieux, Paris, who studied for the law in his spare time and was received as avocat in 1770. He also ventured into the field of mathematics and served on the committee that developed the French Republican Calendar. Along with Constantin François Chassebœuf de Volney (1757–1820) Dupuis was known for developing the Christ myth theory, which argued that Christianity was an amalgamation of various ancient mythologies and that Jesus was a mythical character.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Christ myth theory
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Biography[edit]
Dupuis was born in Trie-Château (in present-day Oise), the son of a schoolmaster.
His precocious talents were recognized by the duc de La Rochefoucauld who sent him to the College d'Harcourt. In 1778, he invented a telegraph with which he was able to correspond with his friend Fortin de Bagneux, and must be considered among the first inventors of the telegraph that was perfected by Claude Chappe.
Dupuis devoted himself to the study of astronomy (his tutor was Lalande) in connection with mythology, the result of which was his magnum opus: Origine de tous les Cultes, ou la Réligion Universelle. It appeared in 1795 in quarto or octavo format, profusely illustrated (in 12 volumes); an abridgement (1798) spread his system more widely among the reading public. In Origine he advocated the unity of the astronomical and religious myths of all nations, an aspect of the Enlightenment's confidence in the universality of human nature. In his Mémoire explicatif du Zodiaque, chronologique et mythologique (1806) he similarly maintains a common origin for the astronomical and religious opinions of the Greeks, Egyptians, Chinese, Persians, and Arabians. He contributed to the Journal des savants a memoire on the origin of the constellations and on the explication of myth through astronomy, which was published as a separate fascicle in 1781. He came to the attention of Frederick the Great, who appointed him secretary but died before Dupuis could take up duties in Berlin.
Teaching Latin eloquence at the Collège de France, he was elected to the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres.
After the start of the Revolution, Dupuis fled Paris, appalled by the massacres of September 1792, only to return when he discovered he had been elected to the National Convention, where he sat on the Council of Five Hundred, and was President of the Legislative Body after the coup d'état of 18 Brumaire. He left political life in 1802. In April 1806 he received the Legion of Honor.
Christ myth theory[edit]
The beginnings of the formal denial of the existence of Jesus can be traced to late 18th century France, and the works of Constantin François Chassebœuf de Volney (1757–1820) and Dupuis.[1][2] Volney and Dupuis argued that Christianity was an amalgamation of various ancient mythologies and that Jesus was a mythical character.[1][3]
Dupuis argued that ancient rituals in Syria, Egypt and Persia had influenced the Christian story which was allegorized as the histories of solar deities, such as Sol Invictus.[4] He argued also that Jewish and Christian scriptures could be interpreted according to the solar pattern, e.g. the Fall of Man in Genesis being an allegory of the hardship caused by winter, and the resurrection of Jesus an allegory for the growth of the sun's strength in the sign of Aries at the spring equinox.[4]
Volney argued that Abraham and Sarah were derived from Brahma and his wife Saraswati, and that Christ was related to Krishna.[5] Volney published before Dupuis but made use of a draft version of Dupuis' work, and followed much of his argument, but at times differed from him, e.g. in arguing that the gospel stories were not intentionally created as an extended allegory grounded in solar myths, but were compiled organically when simple allegorical statements were misunderstood as history.[4]
Reception[edit]
French Catholic librarian Jean-Baptiste Pérès wrote a satirical refutation of Dupuis's work under the title of Grand Erratum (1827), in which he maintains, in parallel to Dupuis's thesis that the cult of Christ is merely a cult of the Sun, that Napoleon (who, in reality, died a mere six years before the publication of the pamphlet) never existed, but was only a sun myth.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Weaver, Walter P. (1999). The Historical Jesus in the Twentieth Century, 1900–1950. Trinity. pp. 45-50.
2.Jump up ^ Schweitzer, Albert. (2001) [1913] The Quest of the Historical Jesus. Fortress. p. 355ff.
3.Jump up ^ Van Voorst, Robert E. (2000). Jesus Outside the New Testament: An Introduction to the Ancient Evidence. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 7-11. ISBN 0-8028-4368-9.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c Wells, G. A. (1969). Stages of New Testament Criticism. Journal of the History of Ideas, 30 (2): 147-160.
5.Jump up ^ Leask, Nigel (2004). British Romantic Writers and the East. Cambridge Univ Press. pp. 104 -105. ISBN 0521604443.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). "Dupuis, Charles François". The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.
External links[edit]
Brief notes
Origine, chapter ix: "An explanation of the fable, in which the Sun is worshiped under the name of Christ"
Origine, chapter xii: "“An abridged explanation of an apocalyptic work of the initiates into the mysteries of the light and of the sun, worshipped under the symbol of the vernal lamb or of the celestial ram."
Full text of Origin of all Religious Worship (Origine de tous les Cultes)
Authority control
WorldCat ·
VIAF: 12404693 ·
LCCN: n79027128 ·
ISNI: 0000 0001 1021 2590 ·
GND: 117663638 ·
BNF: cb12459747x (data) ·
ULAN: 500041149
Categories: 1742 births
1809 deaths
People from Oise
French scientists
Enlightenment scientists
Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
French Satanists
Collège de France faculty
Christ myth theory
Satanism
18th-century French people
19th-century French people
Members of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
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Category:French Satanists
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Category:French Satanists
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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See also: Category:French occultists
Pages in category "French Satanists"
The following 3 pages are in this category, out of 3 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
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Joseph-Antoine Boullan
D
Charles-François Dupuis
N
Maria de Naglowska
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Category:Luciferians by nationality
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Category:Luciferians by nationality
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King Diamond
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This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (October 2008)
King Diamond
Tuska 20130628 - King Diamond - 32.jpg
King Diamond live at Tuska Open Air 2013
Background information
Birth name
Kim Bendix Petersen
Also known as
King Diamond, Masthema Mazziqim
Born
14 June 1956 (age 59)
Copenhagen, Denmark
Genres
Heavy metal
Occupation(s)
Singer-songwriter, musician, producer
Instruments
Vocals, keyboards, guitar
Years active
1974–present
Labels
Roadrunner, Metal Blade
Associated acts
King Diamond, Mercyful Fate, Black Rose, Brats, Metallica, Probot, Volbeat
Website
kingdiamondcoven.com
Kim Bendix Petersen (born 14 June 1956, Copenhagen, Denmark),[1] better known by his stage name King Diamond (Konge Diamant), is a Danish heavy metal musician. As a vocalist, he is known for his extensive vocal range, in particular his usage of falsetto. He is the lead vocalist for both Mercyful Fate and the eponymous King Diamond.
Contents [hide]
1 Career 1.1 Early days
1.2 Mercyful Fate
1.3 King Diamond
2 Stage presence
3 Influences
4 Religion
5 Marital status
6 Legacy
7 Discography
8 Awards
9 References
10 External links
Career[edit]
Early days[edit]
King Diamond's first heavy rock band was called Brainstorm (1974–76), with Jeanette Blum (Jean Blue) vocal and bass, Michael Frohn (Mike West) guitar and Jes Jacobsen (Jesse James) drums. King Diamond left Brainstorm and began singing with local Danish hard rock band Black Rose. It was during this time in Black Rose that King Diamond began experimenting with horror themed theatrics as well as shaping a malevolent quasi-Satanic stage persona. He left Black Rose and joined the punk-metal band Brats where he met Hank Shermann. Soon after, the two of them were asked to help Michael Denner (also formerly a member of Brats) with his own project Danger Zone. This band included Timi Hansen and the mentioned musicians would join with King Diamond in 1980 to become Mercyful Fate.
Mercyful Fate[edit]
Main article: Mercyful Fate
Following Mercyful Fate's 1984 release of Don't Break the Oath and the subsequent tour (which saw them play in the U.S. for the first time), King Diamond split ways with Mercyful Fate. With him, he took two of his bandmates (Hansen and Denner) to pursue a solo career under his own name.
Mercyful Fate reunited in 1992 (while King Diamond simultaneously continued his solo career) and recorded five more studio albums. In 2000, King decided to put Mercyful Fate on hold and continue on with his solo career. Though Mercyful Fate continues to remain dormant, the band is still under contract with Metal Blade Records. Also in 1999, King Diamond and Hank Shermann performed the song Evil with Metallica live. This performance also has King Diamond without his famous makeup. In recent interviews, King Diamond has stated that Mercyful Fate will record and tour again when the timing is right, saying "It's definitely not finished."[2]
King Diamond[edit]
Main article: King Diamond (band)
In 2001, King Diamond worked out a deal with the band Usurper to sing backup vocals on the song "Necronemesis" in exchange for them shifting their recording schedule around to accommodate the recording of Abigail II: The Revenge. In 2004, King Diamond contributed vocals to "Sweet Dreams", which was the final track on the album of Dave Grohl's heavy metal side project Probot. In late 2005, King Diamond appeared on the Roadrunner United – The All-Star Sessions album, contributing vocals for his song "In the Fire", which featured multiple Roadrunner Records musicians (past and present) working together to create individual songs. King Diamond also guested on the Cradle of Filth song "Devil Woman" in late 2005.
In April 2006, King reunited with Mikkey Dee (Motörhead drummer) at a sold-out gig at Kåren in Gothenburg, Sweden.[3] In 2001 King referred to Dee as "one of the best drummers of all time and that's something that has bothered us since he left."[4]
King Diamond released his album Give Me Your Soul... Please, on 26 June 2007. Following the release the band received a Grammy nomination in the "Best Metal Performance" category for the track "Never Ending Hill."[5] He was forced to cancel a United States tour due to a herniated disk, causing severe back pain, which puts him in intense pain almost all of the time.[6] He attributes the problem to the long stressful hours spent working on the album.
King made an appearance at Ozzfest on 9 August 2008 at Frisco, TX alongside Metallica, performing a medley of Mercyful Fate songs previously released on Metallica's Garage Inc. album. Earlier in the day, he also performed a cover of the Pantera song "A New Level" with Vinnie Paul, Scott Ian, Max Cavalera, and Nick Bowcott.
In 2009, King Diamond was revealed to be a playable character for the rhythm game Guitar Hero: Metallica, appearing with Mercyful Fate's song "Evil." Complete the song on any instrument and any difficulty to unlock him.
On 29 November 2010, King was taken to the hospital, where they discovered several blockages in his arteries due to his heavy smoking habit. They determined that he had several heart attacks and that he needed triple-bypass surgery. The surgery was performed successfully, and on 11 December 2010 it was announced that he was at home recovering. All his musical projects at that time were then placed on hold.[7]
On 7 December 2011, King appeared on stage with Metallica at The Fillmore in San Francisco to celebrate Metallica's 30th anniversary.[8]
In June 2012, King performed his comeback concert, on Sweden Rock Festival.[citation needed]
On Saturday 8 September 2012, King appeared along with Mark Tremonti on VH1 Classic's That Metal Show discussing his surgery and various details about upcoming events.[citation needed]
King then appeared on Volbeat's 2013 album, Outlaw Gentlemen & Shady Ladies, for guest vocals on the track "Room 24."[9] In August 2013 King Diamond performed at Open Air Bloodstock Festival UK.
Slayer was chosen to headline the 2015 Rockstar Energy Mayhem Festival. The bands HELLYEAH, King Diamond, The Devil Wears Prada (band), Thy Art Is Murder, Jungle Rot, Sister Sin, Sworn In (band), Shattered Sun, Feed Her To The Sharks, Code Orange (band) & Kissing Candice will also be participating in the Rockstar Tour. The festival is slated for 26 stops to run from June 26th through August 2nd. [10]
Stage presence[edit]
On stage, King Diamond uses a microphone handle consisting of a femur bone and a tibia bone in the shape of a cross. King Diamond had previously used a human skull, called Melissa, on stage. In the mid-1980s Melissa was stolen after a performance in the Netherlands.
King Diamond has changed the design of his make-up often over the years. With Conspiracy, he wore a mesh of black and white line war paint, with some red "blood" made to look like a wound coming out of his forehead. With his album The Puppet Master, he used very little white and mainly had black crosses and inverted crosses going up and down his face.
Influences[edit]
King Diamond cites Arthur Brown, David Byron, Alice Cooper, Ronnie James Dio, Ian Gillan, Ozzy Osbourne and Robert Plant as his primary influences.[11]
According to King Diamond's bio in his official website, the first two albums he bought himself were Deep Purple's Fireball and Black Sabbath's Master of Reality.[12]
Religion[edit]
King Diamond follows LaVeyan Satanism, which he does not see as a religion, but a philosophy by which he lived even before reading Anton LaVey's The Satanic Bible.[1] Michael Moynihan calls him "one of the only performers of the '80s Satanic Metal who was more than just a poseur using a devilish image for shock value".[13] King has expressed concern that religion has led so many people to kill and destroy each other. He stated that he cannot comprehend why religion has caused so much death and destruction when it is logically impossible to prove the presence or absence of any god. He states that he has reached a point in his life where he has completely given up believing in anything religious.[14]
Marital status[edit]
King Diamond is married to Livia Zita, a Hungarian-born singer who has made appearances as a backup vocalist on the albums The Puppet Master and Give Me Your Soul...Please, as well as during live performances. She is also his business partner, and is currently working with him to compile old footage for two planned DVD releases of King Diamond and Mercyful Fate live performances. She also helped him make remastered editions of the King Diamond albums The Spider's Lullabye, The Graveyard, Voodoo and House of God.[15]
Legacy[edit]
Metallica has performed an 11-minute tribute to Mercyful Fate. It features five of their songs. When James Hetfield sings it, he does not sing in a falsetto like King Diamond, but in 2008 (and again in 2011, with Hank Shermann, Michael Denner and Timi Hansen)[16] King Diamond performed "Mercyful Fate" with Metallica, and put the screams in where necessary.
King has been on the covers of many rock and metal magazines and influenced many artists including Metallica's Lars Ulrich,[17] Cradle of Filth,[18] Cage,[19] and Andy DiGelsomina of the Wagnerian opera metal project Lyraka.[20]
Discography[edit]
King Diamond discography
Mercyful Fate discography
Awards[edit]
2008 – Grammy nomination in the "Best Metal Performance" category for the track "Never Ending Hill".[5]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Götz Kühnemund: "'A History of Horror". In: Rock Hard, no. 82, November 2010, pp. 20–27.
2.Jump up ^ "King Diamond: Mercyful Fate, 'Is Definitely Not Finished, at Least in My Book'". Blabbermouth.net. 8 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
3.Jump up ^ "Motörhead's Mikkey Dee Jams with King Diamond in Sweden". Blabbermouth.net. 21 April 2006. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
4.Jump up ^ "Diamonds Are Forever: An Exclusive Interview With King Diamond". KNAC. 31 December 2001. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "King Diamond Comments on Grammy Nomination". Blabbermouth.net. 6 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
6.Jump up ^ "King Diamond on Tour Cancellation". Blabbermouth.net. 24 November 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
7.Jump up ^ "King Diamond Undergoes Triple-Bypass Heart Surgery". Blabbermouth.net. 11 December 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-13.
8.Jump up ^ "2011 Tour Photos – 12/7/2011 – The Fillmore – San Francisco, CA". Facebook. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
9.Jump up ^ "Volbeat Recruit King Diamond + Other Guests for 'Outlaw Gentlemen & Shady Ladies' Album". Loudwire.com. 6 March 2013. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
10.Jump up ^ "Slayer 2015 Rockstar Energy Mayhem Festival Tour Schedule". April 18, 2015. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
11.Jump up ^ "King Diamond Interview". tartareandesire.com. May 2005. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
12.Jump up ^ "covenworldwide.org". covenworldwide.org. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
13.Jump up ^ Michael Moynihan, Didrik Søderlind: Lords of Chaos: The Bloody Rise of the Satanic Metal Underground, Feral House 1998, pp. 15f.
14.Jump up ^ "King Diamond Interview". Heavymetal.dk. 27 February 2006. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
15.Jump up ^ "King Diamond Is Madly in Love with His 24-Year-Old Wife". Blabbermouth.net. 4 January 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
16.Jump up ^ "Metallica Joined by Mercyful Fate, Anthrax, Armored Saint Members for Second 30th Anniversary Show". GuitarWorld.com. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 2012-12-08.
17.Jump up ^ "The History of Metallica". Metallicaworld.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
18.Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
19.Jump up ^ [2][dead link]
20.Jump up ^ "Lyraka Interview @ Louder Than Hell". Louderthanhell.net. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
External links[edit]
King Diamond Coven – Official website
The Turkish Coven
Interviews with King Diamond band members Mikki Dee, Pete Blakk, and Andy LaRocque
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
Mercyful Fate
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King Diamond
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This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (October 2008)
King Diamond
Tuska 20130628 - King Diamond - 32.jpg
King Diamond live at Tuska Open Air 2013
Background information
Birth name
Kim Bendix Petersen
Also known as
King Diamond, Masthema Mazziqim
Born
14 June 1956 (age 59)
Copenhagen, Denmark
Genres
Heavy metal
Occupation(s)
Singer-songwriter, musician, producer
Instruments
Vocals, keyboards, guitar
Years active
1974–present
Labels
Roadrunner, Metal Blade
Associated acts
King Diamond, Mercyful Fate, Black Rose, Brats, Metallica, Probot, Volbeat
Website
kingdiamondcoven.com
Kim Bendix Petersen (born 14 June 1956, Copenhagen, Denmark),[1] better known by his stage name King Diamond (Konge Diamant), is a Danish heavy metal musician. As a vocalist, he is known for his extensive vocal range, in particular his usage of falsetto. He is the lead vocalist for both Mercyful Fate and the eponymous King Diamond.
Contents [hide]
1 Career 1.1 Early days
1.2 Mercyful Fate
1.3 King Diamond
2 Stage presence
3 Influences
4 Religion
5 Marital status
6 Legacy
7 Discography
8 Awards
9 References
10 External links
Career[edit]
Early days[edit]
King Diamond's first heavy rock band was called Brainstorm (1974–76), with Jeanette Blum (Jean Blue) vocal and bass, Michael Frohn (Mike West) guitar and Jes Jacobsen (Jesse James) drums. King Diamond left Brainstorm and began singing with local Danish hard rock band Black Rose. It was during this time in Black Rose that King Diamond began experimenting with horror themed theatrics as well as shaping a malevolent quasi-Satanic stage persona. He left Black Rose and joined the punk-metal band Brats where he met Hank Shermann. Soon after, the two of them were asked to help Michael Denner (also formerly a member of Brats) with his own project Danger Zone. This band included Timi Hansen and the mentioned musicians would join with King Diamond in 1980 to become Mercyful Fate.
Mercyful Fate[edit]
Main article: Mercyful Fate
Following Mercyful Fate's 1984 release of Don't Break the Oath and the subsequent tour (which saw them play in the U.S. for the first time), King Diamond split ways with Mercyful Fate. With him, he took two of his bandmates (Hansen and Denner) to pursue a solo career under his own name.
Mercyful Fate reunited in 1992 (while King Diamond simultaneously continued his solo career) and recorded five more studio albums. In 2000, King decided to put Mercyful Fate on hold and continue on with his solo career. Though Mercyful Fate continues to remain dormant, the band is still under contract with Metal Blade Records. Also in 1999, King Diamond and Hank Shermann performed the song Evil with Metallica live. This performance also has King Diamond without his famous makeup. In recent interviews, King Diamond has stated that Mercyful Fate will record and tour again when the timing is right, saying "It's definitely not finished."[2]
King Diamond[edit]
Main article: King Diamond (band)
In 2001, King Diamond worked out a deal with the band Usurper to sing backup vocals on the song "Necronemesis" in exchange for them shifting their recording schedule around to accommodate the recording of Abigail II: The Revenge. In 2004, King Diamond contributed vocals to "Sweet Dreams", which was the final track on the album of Dave Grohl's heavy metal side project Probot. In late 2005, King Diamond appeared on the Roadrunner United – The All-Star Sessions album, contributing vocals for his song "In the Fire", which featured multiple Roadrunner Records musicians (past and present) working together to create individual songs. King Diamond also guested on the Cradle of Filth song "Devil Woman" in late 2005.
In April 2006, King reunited with Mikkey Dee (Motörhead drummer) at a sold-out gig at Kåren in Gothenburg, Sweden.[3] In 2001 King referred to Dee as "one of the best drummers of all time and that's something that has bothered us since he left."[4]
King Diamond released his album Give Me Your Soul... Please, on 26 June 2007. Following the release the band received a Grammy nomination in the "Best Metal Performance" category for the track "Never Ending Hill."[5] He was forced to cancel a United States tour due to a herniated disk, causing severe back pain, which puts him in intense pain almost all of the time.[6] He attributes the problem to the long stressful hours spent working on the album.
King made an appearance at Ozzfest on 9 August 2008 at Frisco, TX alongside Metallica, performing a medley of Mercyful Fate songs previously released on Metallica's Garage Inc. album. Earlier in the day, he also performed a cover of the Pantera song "A New Level" with Vinnie Paul, Scott Ian, Max Cavalera, and Nick Bowcott.
In 2009, King Diamond was revealed to be a playable character for the rhythm game Guitar Hero: Metallica, appearing with Mercyful Fate's song "Evil." Complete the song on any instrument and any difficulty to unlock him.
On 29 November 2010, King was taken to the hospital, where they discovered several blockages in his arteries due to his heavy smoking habit. They determined that he had several heart attacks and that he needed triple-bypass surgery. The surgery was performed successfully, and on 11 December 2010 it was announced that he was at home recovering. All his musical projects at that time were then placed on hold.[7]
On 7 December 2011, King appeared on stage with Metallica at The Fillmore in San Francisco to celebrate Metallica's 30th anniversary.[8]
In June 2012, King performed his comeback concert, on Sweden Rock Festival.[citation needed]
On Saturday 8 September 2012, King appeared along with Mark Tremonti on VH1 Classic's That Metal Show discussing his surgery and various details about upcoming events.[citation needed]
King then appeared on Volbeat's 2013 album, Outlaw Gentlemen & Shady Ladies, for guest vocals on the track "Room 24."[9] In August 2013 King Diamond performed at Open Air Bloodstock Festival UK.
Slayer was chosen to headline the 2015 Rockstar Energy Mayhem Festival. The bands HELLYEAH, King Diamond, The Devil Wears Prada (band), Thy Art Is Murder, Jungle Rot, Sister Sin, Sworn In (band), Shattered Sun, Feed Her To The Sharks, Code Orange (band) & Kissing Candice will also be participating in the Rockstar Tour. The festival is slated for 26 stops to run from June 26th through August 2nd. [10]
Stage presence[edit]
On stage, King Diamond uses a microphone handle consisting of a femur bone and a tibia bone in the shape of a cross. King Diamond had previously used a human skull, called Melissa, on stage. In the mid-1980s Melissa was stolen after a performance in the Netherlands.
King Diamond has changed the design of his make-up often over the years. With Conspiracy, he wore a mesh of black and white line war paint, with some red "blood" made to look like a wound coming out of his forehead. With his album The Puppet Master, he used very little white and mainly had black crosses and inverted crosses going up and down his face.
Influences[edit]
King Diamond cites Arthur Brown, David Byron, Alice Cooper, Ronnie James Dio, Ian Gillan, Ozzy Osbourne and Robert Plant as his primary influences.[11]
According to King Diamond's bio in his official website, the first two albums he bought himself were Deep Purple's Fireball and Black Sabbath's Master of Reality.[12]
Religion[edit]
King Diamond follows LaVeyan Satanism, which he does not see as a religion, but a philosophy by which he lived even before reading Anton LaVey's The Satanic Bible.[1] Michael Moynihan calls him "one of the only performers of the '80s Satanic Metal who was more than just a poseur using a devilish image for shock value".[13] King has expressed concern that religion has led so many people to kill and destroy each other. He stated that he cannot comprehend why religion has caused so much death and destruction when it is logically impossible to prove the presence or absence of any god. He states that he has reached a point in his life where he has completely given up believing in anything religious.[14]
Marital status[edit]
King Diamond is married to Livia Zita, a Hungarian-born singer who has made appearances as a backup vocalist on the albums The Puppet Master and Give Me Your Soul...Please, as well as during live performances. She is also his business partner, and is currently working with him to compile old footage for two planned DVD releases of King Diamond and Mercyful Fate live performances. She also helped him make remastered editions of the King Diamond albums The Spider's Lullabye, The Graveyard, Voodoo and House of God.[15]
Legacy[edit]
Metallica has performed an 11-minute tribute to Mercyful Fate. It features five of their songs. When James Hetfield sings it, he does not sing in a falsetto like King Diamond, but in 2008 (and again in 2011, with Hank Shermann, Michael Denner and Timi Hansen)[16] King Diamond performed "Mercyful Fate" with Metallica, and put the screams in where necessary.
King has been on the covers of many rock and metal magazines and influenced many artists including Metallica's Lars Ulrich,[17] Cradle of Filth,[18] Cage,[19] and Andy DiGelsomina of the Wagnerian opera metal project Lyraka.[20]
Discography[edit]
King Diamond discography
Mercyful Fate discography
Awards[edit]
2008 – Grammy nomination in the "Best Metal Performance" category for the track "Never Ending Hill".[5]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Götz Kühnemund: "'A History of Horror". In: Rock Hard, no. 82, November 2010, pp. 20–27.
2.Jump up ^ "King Diamond: Mercyful Fate, 'Is Definitely Not Finished, at Least in My Book'". Blabbermouth.net. 8 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-13.
3.Jump up ^ "Motörhead's Mikkey Dee Jams with King Diamond in Sweden". Blabbermouth.net. 21 April 2006. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
4.Jump up ^ "Diamonds Are Forever: An Exclusive Interview With King Diamond". KNAC. 31 December 2001. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "King Diamond Comments on Grammy Nomination". Blabbermouth.net. 6 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
6.Jump up ^ "King Diamond on Tour Cancellation". Blabbermouth.net. 24 November 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
7.Jump up ^ "King Diamond Undergoes Triple-Bypass Heart Surgery". Blabbermouth.net. 11 December 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-13.
8.Jump up ^ "2011 Tour Photos – 12/7/2011 – The Fillmore – San Francisco, CA". Facebook. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
9.Jump up ^ "Volbeat Recruit King Diamond + Other Guests for 'Outlaw Gentlemen & Shady Ladies' Album". Loudwire.com. 6 March 2013. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
10.Jump up ^ "Slayer 2015 Rockstar Energy Mayhem Festival Tour Schedule". April 18, 2015. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
11.Jump up ^ "King Diamond Interview". tartareandesire.com. May 2005. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
12.Jump up ^ "covenworldwide.org". covenworldwide.org. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
13.Jump up ^ Michael Moynihan, Didrik Søderlind: Lords of Chaos: The Bloody Rise of the Satanic Metal Underground, Feral House 1998, pp. 15f.
14.Jump up ^ "King Diamond Interview". Heavymetal.dk. 27 February 2006. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
15.Jump up ^ "King Diamond Is Madly in Love with His 24-Year-Old Wife". Blabbermouth.net. 4 January 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
16.Jump up ^ "Metallica Joined by Mercyful Fate, Anthrax, Armored Saint Members for Second 30th Anniversary Show". GuitarWorld.com. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 2012-12-08.
17.Jump up ^ "The History of Metallica". Metallicaworld.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
18.Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
19.Jump up ^ [2][dead link]
20.Jump up ^ "Lyraka Interview @ Louder Than Hell". Louderthanhell.net. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
External links[edit]
King Diamond Coven – Official website
The Turkish Coven
Interviews with King Diamond band members Mikki Dee, Pete Blakk, and Andy LaRocque
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
Mercyful Fate
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
King Diamond
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
LaVeyan Satanism
Authority control
WorldCat ·
VIAF: 84964713 ·
LCCN: n95045246 ·
ISNI: 0000 0000 7839 7117 ·
GND: 134729234 ·
BNF: cb140070999 (data) ·
MusicBrainz: 02808ac2-15ad-4997-a33c-00ae94203e89
Categories: 1956 births
Living people
Danish rock singers
Danish heavy metal singers
Danish male singers
Danish atheists
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Category:Danish Satanists
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Category:Danish Satanists
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King Diamond
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Infernus
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This article is about the musician. For other uses, see Infernus (disambiguation).
Infernus
Gorgoroth HITS09 by Christian-Misje-2574.jpg
Infernus, live at 2009's Hole in the Sky.
Background information
Birth name
Roger Tiegs
Born
June 18, 1972 (age 43)
Origin
Norway
Genres
Black metal
Occupation(s)
Musician
Instruments
Guitar, bass, drums, vocals
Years active
1992-present
Labels
Embassy Productions, Malicious, Century Media, Nuclear Blast, Season of Mist,[1] Forces of Satan,[2] Regain
Associated acts
Gorgoroth, Borknagar, Orcustus, Desekrator, Norwegian Evil
Notable instruments
Guitar
Roger Tiegs (born on June 18, 1972), better known by his stage name, Infernus, is a Norwegian black metal musician and Satanist.[3][4] He is the sole founding member and chief ideologist of the Norwegian black metal band Gorgoroth, which was formed in 1992, as well as the founder and head of Forces of Satan Records. He is mainly a guitarist, but has also participated as bassist, drummer and vocalist on several recordings released both by Gorgoroth and other bands.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 The formation of Gorgoroth
1.2 Gorgoroth tenure with Nuclear Blast
1.3 Allegations of rape
1.4 Gorgoroth controversy in Kraków and transfer to Regain Records
1.5 Forces of Satan Records
1.6 Quantos Possunt ad Satanitatem Trahunt
2 Beliefs
3 Discography
4 Gallery
5 References
6 External links
Biography[edit]
The formation of Gorgoroth[edit]
Infernus founded the black metal band Gorgoroth in Sunnfjord, Norway, in 1992, after making 'a pact with the Devil'.[4] The first Gorgoroth demo, A Sorcery Written in Blood, was released in 1993, and this demo landed the band a record deal with French label Embassy Productions. The first full-length Gorgoroth album, Pentagram, was released in 1994. The following years the band experienced several line-up changes, with Infernus being the only original member to continue in the band. Joining members of black metal bands such as Ulver, Immortal, Enslaved and Molested, he also participated as bassist on Borknagar's self-titled debut album, which was released in 1996. After signing a deal with German label Malicious Records, Gorgoroth released the albums Antichrist in 1996 and Under the Sign of Hell in 1997, with Infernus responsible for all the music and also the majority of the lyrics, as well as doing both guitar and bass duties on the albums. These three first albums were the first steps towards fame in Norway, and the following albums resulted in Gorgoroth earning their reputation as one of the leading black metal bands in the world.
Gorgoroth tenure with Nuclear Blast[edit]
After the release of Under the Sign of Hell and a European headlining tour in 1997, Gorgoroth was signed by the major German metal label Nuclear Blast. Infernus wrote the majority of the first two Gorgoroth albums released on Nuclear Blast, Destroyer (1998) and Incipit Satan (2000). Guitarist Tormentor, who had joined the band in 1996, wrote the title tracks for these two albums, and Infernus and Tormentor also released an album and three limited edition 7" vinyls in 1998 as a black metal side project called Desekrator, which included members of Enslaved and Old Funeral. After performing live with Gorgoroth on several festivals and tours both in Europe and South America, Infernus became one of the founding members of the black metal band Orcustus in 2002, a band consisting of members and ex-members of Gorgoroth, Gehenna and Enslaved. Twilight of the Idols - In Conspiracy with Satan, which was Gorgoroth's third release on Nuclear Blast, came out in 2003.
Allegations of rape[edit]
In 2003, Infernus was accused of raping a woman at an after-party. In the following trial, he was acquitted of rape, but was convicted of gross negligent rape and served 4 months in prison in winter 2006/2007.[5]
Gorgoroth controversy in Kraków and transfer to Regain Records[edit]
On February 1, 2004, Infernus and Gorgoroth performed a controversial live gig in Kraków, Poland, which was meant to be released on DVD by Metal Mind Productions. Due to the satanic nature of the live show, the band and DVD producers were accused of breaking the Polish blasphemy laws. The tapes from the concert were confiscated by the Polish police for 4 years, but the concert was finally released on DVD in summer 2008, as Black Mass Krakow 2004.[6] In 2005, Infernus and Tormentor (who had quit Gorgoroth in 2002) released a cover version of Von's "Satanic Blood", under the name Norwegian Evil.[7] After leaving Nuclear Blast in 2004, Infernus and Gorgoroth signed on Swedish record label Regain Records, which released the next Gorgoroth album, Ad Majorem Sathanas Gloriam, in 2006.
Forces of Satan Records[edit]
On June 6, 2006, Infernus started his own record label, Forces of Satan Records, dedicated to only releasing albums by bands with a "clear-cut Satanic profile".[8][9] The label's first release was the Gorgoroth live EP Bergen 1996, followed by albums by the Italian black metal band Black Flame, the Brazilian death metal band Ophiolatry, and the Serbian black metal band Triumfall.
Quantos Possunt ad Satanitatem Trahunt[edit]
With the departure of Gaahl and King ov Hell from Gorgoroth, Infernus recruited drummer Tomas Asklund (Dissection) and bassist Bøddel (Obituary) as well as guitarist Tormentor and vocalist Pest into the band, and recorded and released the album Quantos Possunt Ad Satanitatem Trahunt in 2009.
In March that year, Infernus announced that he had won the rights to the Gorgoroth band name in a dispute with Gaahl and King. According to Tiegs, City District Court delivered a verdict on the main question in the Gorgoroth trademark case, which took place at the end of January 2009. The court decided that King ov Hell's trademark registration No. 243365 of the band name Gorgoroth was not valid and was therefore to be deleted. The court stated that King ov Hell and Gaahl excluded themselves from the band Gorgoroth when they tried to fire Infernus in October 2007. The court further stated that Infernus cannot be excluded from Gorgoroth, unless he himself should decide to quit.[10]
Beliefs[edit]
Infernus is a theistic Satanist and as the founding member of Gorgoroth, has built the band on his philosophy and religion, proclaiming himself as 'Satan's Minister on Earth'.[3] When asked in March 2009 about what he specifically practiced, he described it as a Gnostic form of Satanism.[11] In an interview conducted in March 2009 following the conclusion of the Gorgoroth name dispute with former colleagues Gaahl and King ov Hell, he explicitly reaffirmed that he was 'the ideological backbone of Gorgoroth'.[12] He has expressed opposition to the Church of Satan on the basis of commercial frivolity, and when asked about this on a couple of occasions in 2009 he also said that he disagreed with their basic values:[12][13]
'Basically, because they reject a theist view upon being. I do not regard man as the center of the universe. These are my views and they are not the views of any humanist or so-called atheist.'[14]
Discography[edit]
Year
Title
Band
1993 A Sorcery Written in Blood Gorgoroth
1994 Promo '94 Gorgoroth
1994 Pentagram Gorgoroth
1996 Antichrist Gorgoroth
1996 The Last Tormentor Gorgoroth
1996 Borknagar Borknagar
1997 Under the Sign of Hell Gorgoroth
1997 Desekrator Demo Desekrator
1998 Metal for Demons Desekrator
1998 Destroyer Gorgoroth
1999 Hot in the City/Overdose/Take Us to the Pub Desekrator
2000 Incipit Satan Gorgoroth
2002 Demo 2002 Orcustus
2003 World Dirtnap Orcustus
2003 Twilight of the Idols Gorgoroth
2005 Wrathrash Orcustus
2005 A Norwegian Hail to Von Norwegian Evil
2006 Ad Majorem Sathanas Gloriam Gorgoroth
2007 Bergen 1996 Gorgoroth
2008 Black Mass Krakow 2004 Gorgoroth
2008 True Norwegian Black Metal - Live in Grieghallen Gorgoroth
2009 Orcustus Orcustus
2009 Quantos Possunt ad Satanitatem Trahunt Gorgoroth
2011 Under the Sign of Hell 2011 Gorgoroth
Gallery[edit]
Infernus in 2010
Infernus in 2009
Infernus in 2001
Infernus in 2000
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Gorgoroth at Season of Mist". Retrieved 2008-05-29.
2.Jump up ^ "Forces of Satan Records". Retrieved 2008-05-29.
3.^ Jump up to: a b "Bio/Manifesto". Gorgoroth official website. Archived from the original on 2007-10-21. Retrieved 2007-10-22. "Gorgoroth was founded by Infernus in 1992 as a strategy to perpetrate sonic and spiritual violence upon the world in order to bring forth change in peoples perception of being therein. Thus, through metal music, Satans minister on earth summoned an avatara of the forces of darkness and did let it manifestate through a variety of attempts on creating what was perceived as ultimate black metal taking form on stage as well as in a variety of studio recordings. [...] With the devoted presence of the new full time members Gaahl and King, as well as a not a day too early achieved social and mental fundament for future work, a deal was inked with the german label Nuclear Blast and the band to a bigger extent adopted the position as a live performance act taking upon them several tours worldwide bringing its sinister presence and the word of Satan to new territories..."
4.^ Jump up to: a b Gorgoroth - News
5.Jump up ^ BLABBERMOUTH.NET - GORGOROTH Guitarist Released From Norwegian Prison
6.Jump up ^ BLABBERMOUTH.NET - GORGOROTH: Controversial Krakow Concert To Be Released On DVD
7.Jump up ^ von.htm
8.Jump up ^ http://rateyourmusic.com/label/forces_of_satan_records
9.Jump up ^ Blabbermouth.Net - Gorgoroth Guitarist Launches Forces Of Satan Records
10.Jump up ^ http://blogs.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=blog.view&friendId=160310525&blogId=475761012
11.Jump up ^ Gorgoroth Interview 2009
12.^ Jump up to: a b [Infernus (Gorgoroth): Nu-mi pasa de Gaahl - METALHEAD.ro]
13.Jump up ^ "Interview with Newsweek Poland, 2006". Gorgoroth official website. Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved 2007-10-22. "No, Church of Satan is not for me. They had their thing in the late 60's and 70's rebelling and making it more or less accepted what they were up to, practising some easy to identify with and to defend kind of Satanism openly, bringing it into popular culture transcending music and film industry. What appears to me is that they have a lot of fun and circus going on, and thats good for them. Nevertheless, as a Christian have, I also have a concept of a God, and to me Satanism is not only about some 3 rd force psychological development approach, nor some more spicy humanist attempt to get to grips with things."
14.Jump up ^ ROCK 'N BALLS ||| Webzine Metal-Rock
External links[edit]
Official Infernus MySpace profile on Myspace
[hide]
v ·
t ·
e
Gorgoroth
Atterigner ·
Infernus ·
Tormentor ·
Tomas Asklund ·
Bøddel
Hat ·
Goat Pervertor ·
Kjettar ·
Samoth ·
Grim ·
Storm ·
Ares ·
Vrolok ·
T-Reaper ·
Sjt. Erichsen ·
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Frost ·
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King ov Hell ·
Pest
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Under the Sign of Hell ·
Destroyer ·
Incipit Satan ·
Twilight of the Idols ·
Ad Majorem Sathanas Gloriam ·
Quantos Possunt ad Satanitatem Trahunt ·
Instinctus Bestialis
Demos
A Sorcery Written in Blood ·
Promo '94
Live albums
The Last Tormentor ·
Bergen 1996 ·
True Norwegian Black Metal – Live in Grieghallen
Live videos
Black Mass Krakow 2004
Other appearances
Darkthrone Holy Darkthrone ·
Feuersturm ·
Feuersturm Volume II - The Ultimate Storm ·
Death Is Just The Beginning Vol. V ·
Death Is Just The Beginning Vol. VI ·
Originators of the Northern Darkness – A Tribute to Mayhem
Related articles
Gorgoroth name dispute
Categories: 1972 births
Living people
Norwegian heavy metal bass guitarists
Norwegian black metal musicians
Norwegian rock bass guitarists
Norwegian rock guitarists
Norwegian Satanists
Norwegian songwriters
Musicians from Bergen
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Infernus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the musician. For other uses, see Infernus (disambiguation).
Infernus
Gorgoroth HITS09 by Christian-Misje-2574.jpg
Infernus, live at 2009's Hole in the Sky.
Background information
Birth name
Roger Tiegs
Born
June 18, 1972 (age 43)
Origin
Norway
Genres
Black metal
Occupation(s)
Musician
Instruments
Guitar, bass, drums, vocals
Years active
1992-present
Labels
Embassy Productions, Malicious, Century Media, Nuclear Blast, Season of Mist,[1] Forces of Satan,[2] Regain
Associated acts
Gorgoroth, Borknagar, Orcustus, Desekrator, Norwegian Evil
Notable instruments
Guitar
Roger Tiegs (born on June 18, 1972), better known by his stage name, Infernus, is a Norwegian black metal musician and Satanist.[3][4] He is the sole founding member and chief ideologist of the Norwegian black metal band Gorgoroth, which was formed in 1992, as well as the founder and head of Forces of Satan Records. He is mainly a guitarist, but has also participated as bassist, drummer and vocalist on several recordings released both by Gorgoroth and other bands.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 The formation of Gorgoroth
1.2 Gorgoroth tenure with Nuclear Blast
1.3 Allegations of rape
1.4 Gorgoroth controversy in Kraków and transfer to Regain Records
1.5 Forces of Satan Records
1.6 Quantos Possunt ad Satanitatem Trahunt
2 Beliefs
3 Discography
4 Gallery
5 References
6 External links
Biography[edit]
The formation of Gorgoroth[edit]
Infernus founded the black metal band Gorgoroth in Sunnfjord, Norway, in 1992, after making 'a pact with the Devil'.[4] The first Gorgoroth demo, A Sorcery Written in Blood, was released in 1993, and this demo landed the band a record deal with French label Embassy Productions. The first full-length Gorgoroth album, Pentagram, was released in 1994. The following years the band experienced several line-up changes, with Infernus being the only original member to continue in the band. Joining members of black metal bands such as Ulver, Immortal, Enslaved and Molested, he also participated as bassist on Borknagar's self-titled debut album, which was released in 1996. After signing a deal with German label Malicious Records, Gorgoroth released the albums Antichrist in 1996 and Under the Sign of Hell in 1997, with Infernus responsible for all the music and also the majority of the lyrics, as well as doing both guitar and bass duties on the albums. These three first albums were the first steps towards fame in Norway, and the following albums resulted in Gorgoroth earning their reputation as one of the leading black metal bands in the world.
Gorgoroth tenure with Nuclear Blast[edit]
After the release of Under the Sign of Hell and a European headlining tour in 1997, Gorgoroth was signed by the major German metal label Nuclear Blast. Infernus wrote the majority of the first two Gorgoroth albums released on Nuclear Blast, Destroyer (1998) and Incipit Satan (2000). Guitarist Tormentor, who had joined the band in 1996, wrote the title tracks for these two albums, and Infernus and Tormentor also released an album and three limited edition 7" vinyls in 1998 as a black metal side project called Desekrator, which included members of Enslaved and Old Funeral. After performing live with Gorgoroth on several festivals and tours both in Europe and South America, Infernus became one of the founding members of the black metal band Orcustus in 2002, a band consisting of members and ex-members of Gorgoroth, Gehenna and Enslaved. Twilight of the Idols - In Conspiracy with Satan, which was Gorgoroth's third release on Nuclear Blast, came out in 2003.
Allegations of rape[edit]
In 2003, Infernus was accused of raping a woman at an after-party. In the following trial, he was acquitted of rape, but was convicted of gross negligent rape and served 4 months in prison in winter 2006/2007.[5]
Gorgoroth controversy in Kraków and transfer to Regain Records[edit]
On February 1, 2004, Infernus and Gorgoroth performed a controversial live gig in Kraków, Poland, which was meant to be released on DVD by Metal Mind Productions. Due to the satanic nature of the live show, the band and DVD producers were accused of breaking the Polish blasphemy laws. The tapes from the concert were confiscated by the Polish police for 4 years, but the concert was finally released on DVD in summer 2008, as Black Mass Krakow 2004.[6] In 2005, Infernus and Tormentor (who had quit Gorgoroth in 2002) released a cover version of Von's "Satanic Blood", under the name Norwegian Evil.[7] After leaving Nuclear Blast in 2004, Infernus and Gorgoroth signed on Swedish record label Regain Records, which released the next Gorgoroth album, Ad Majorem Sathanas Gloriam, in 2006.
Forces of Satan Records[edit]
On June 6, 2006, Infernus started his own record label, Forces of Satan Records, dedicated to only releasing albums by bands with a "clear-cut Satanic profile".[8][9] The label's first release was the Gorgoroth live EP Bergen 1996, followed by albums by the Italian black metal band Black Flame, the Brazilian death metal band Ophiolatry, and the Serbian black metal band Triumfall.
Quantos Possunt ad Satanitatem Trahunt[edit]
With the departure of Gaahl and King ov Hell from Gorgoroth, Infernus recruited drummer Tomas Asklund (Dissection) and bassist Bøddel (Obituary) as well as guitarist Tormentor and vocalist Pest into the band, and recorded and released the album Quantos Possunt Ad Satanitatem Trahunt in 2009.
In March that year, Infernus announced that he had won the rights to the Gorgoroth band name in a dispute with Gaahl and King. According to Tiegs, City District Court delivered a verdict on the main question in the Gorgoroth trademark case, which took place at the end of January 2009. The court decided that King ov Hell's trademark registration No. 243365 of the band name Gorgoroth was not valid and was therefore to be deleted. The court stated that King ov Hell and Gaahl excluded themselves from the band Gorgoroth when they tried to fire Infernus in October 2007. The court further stated that Infernus cannot be excluded from Gorgoroth, unless he himself should decide to quit.[10]
Beliefs[edit]
Infernus is a theistic Satanist and as the founding member of Gorgoroth, has built the band on his philosophy and religion, proclaiming himself as 'Satan's Minister on Earth'.[3] When asked in March 2009 about what he specifically practiced, he described it as a Gnostic form of Satanism.[11] In an interview conducted in March 2009 following the conclusion of the Gorgoroth name dispute with former colleagues Gaahl and King ov Hell, he explicitly reaffirmed that he was 'the ideological backbone of Gorgoroth'.[12] He has expressed opposition to the Church of Satan on the basis of commercial frivolity, and when asked about this on a couple of occasions in 2009 he also said that he disagreed with their basic values:[12][13]
'Basically, because they reject a theist view upon being. I do not regard man as the center of the universe. These are my views and they are not the views of any humanist or so-called atheist.'[14]
Discography[edit]
Year
Title
Band
1993 A Sorcery Written in Blood Gorgoroth
1994 Promo '94 Gorgoroth
1994 Pentagram Gorgoroth
1996 Antichrist Gorgoroth
1996 The Last Tormentor Gorgoroth
1996 Borknagar Borknagar
1997 Under the Sign of Hell Gorgoroth
1997 Desekrator Demo Desekrator
1998 Metal for Demons Desekrator
1998 Destroyer Gorgoroth
1999 Hot in the City/Overdose/Take Us to the Pub Desekrator
2000 Incipit Satan Gorgoroth
2002 Demo 2002 Orcustus
2003 World Dirtnap Orcustus
2003 Twilight of the Idols Gorgoroth
2005 Wrathrash Orcustus
2005 A Norwegian Hail to Von Norwegian Evil
2006 Ad Majorem Sathanas Gloriam Gorgoroth
2007 Bergen 1996 Gorgoroth
2008 Black Mass Krakow 2004 Gorgoroth
2008 True Norwegian Black Metal - Live in Grieghallen Gorgoroth
2009 Orcustus Orcustus
2009 Quantos Possunt ad Satanitatem Trahunt Gorgoroth
2011 Under the Sign of Hell 2011 Gorgoroth
Gallery[edit]
Infernus in 2010
Infernus in 2009
Infernus in 2001
Infernus in 2000
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Gorgoroth at Season of Mist". Retrieved 2008-05-29.
2.Jump up ^ "Forces of Satan Records". Retrieved 2008-05-29.
3.^ Jump up to: a b "Bio/Manifesto". Gorgoroth official website. Archived from the original on 2007-10-21. Retrieved 2007-10-22. "Gorgoroth was founded by Infernus in 1992 as a strategy to perpetrate sonic and spiritual violence upon the world in order to bring forth change in peoples perception of being therein. Thus, through metal music, Satans minister on earth summoned an avatara of the forces of darkness and did let it manifestate through a variety of attempts on creating what was perceived as ultimate black metal taking form on stage as well as in a variety of studio recordings. [...] With the devoted presence of the new full time members Gaahl and King, as well as a not a day too early achieved social and mental fundament for future work, a deal was inked with the german label Nuclear Blast and the band to a bigger extent adopted the position as a live performance act taking upon them several tours worldwide bringing its sinister presence and the word of Satan to new territories..."
4.^ Jump up to: a b Gorgoroth - News
5.Jump up ^ BLABBERMOUTH.NET - GORGOROTH Guitarist Released From Norwegian Prison
6.Jump up ^ BLABBERMOUTH.NET - GORGOROTH: Controversial Krakow Concert To Be Released On DVD
7.Jump up ^ von.htm
8.Jump up ^ http://rateyourmusic.com/label/forces_of_satan_records
9.Jump up ^ Blabbermouth.Net - Gorgoroth Guitarist Launches Forces Of Satan Records
10.Jump up ^ http://blogs.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=blog.view&friendId=160310525&blogId=475761012
11.Jump up ^ Gorgoroth Interview 2009
12.^ Jump up to: a b [Infernus (Gorgoroth): Nu-mi pasa de Gaahl - METALHEAD.ro]
13.Jump up ^ "Interview with Newsweek Poland, 2006". Gorgoroth official website. Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved 2007-10-22. "No, Church of Satan is not for me. They had their thing in the late 60's and 70's rebelling and making it more or less accepted what they were up to, practising some easy to identify with and to defend kind of Satanism openly, bringing it into popular culture transcending music and film industry. What appears to me is that they have a lot of fun and circus going on, and thats good for them. Nevertheless, as a Christian have, I also have a concept of a God, and to me Satanism is not only about some 3 rd force psychological development approach, nor some more spicy humanist attempt to get to grips with things."
14.Jump up ^ ROCK 'N BALLS ||| Webzine Metal-Rock
External links[edit]
Official Infernus MySpace profile on Myspace
[hide]
v ·
t ·
e
Gorgoroth
Atterigner ·
Infernus ·
Tormentor ·
Tomas Asklund ·
Bøddel
Hat ·
Goat Pervertor ·
Kjettar ·
Samoth ·
Grim ·
Storm ·
Ares ·
Vrolok ·
T-Reaper ·
Sjt. Erichsen ·
Kvitrafn ·
Frost ·
Gaahl ·
King ov Hell ·
Pest
Studio albums
Pentagram ·
Antichrist ·
Under the Sign of Hell ·
Destroyer ·
Incipit Satan ·
Twilight of the Idols ·
Ad Majorem Sathanas Gloriam ·
Quantos Possunt ad Satanitatem Trahunt ·
Instinctus Bestialis
Demos
A Sorcery Written in Blood ·
Promo '94
Live albums
The Last Tormentor ·
Bergen 1996 ·
True Norwegian Black Metal – Live in Grieghallen
Live videos
Black Mass Krakow 2004
Other appearances
Darkthrone Holy Darkthrone ·
Feuersturm ·
Feuersturm Volume II - The Ultimate Storm ·
Death Is Just The Beginning Vol. V ·
Death Is Just The Beginning Vol. VI ·
Originators of the Northern Darkness – A Tribute to Mayhem
Related articles
Gorgoroth name dispute
Categories: 1972 births
Living people
Norwegian heavy metal bass guitarists
Norwegian black metal musicians
Norwegian rock bass guitarists
Norwegian rock guitarists
Norwegian Satanists
Norwegian songwriters
Musicians from Bergen
Gorgoroth
Norwegian heavy metal guitarists
Norwegian multi-instrumentalists
Black metal
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Euronymous
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the demon, see Eurynomos.
Euronymous
Dead and Euronymous.jpg
Dead (left) and Euronymous (right)
Background information
Birth name
Øystein Aarseth
Born
22 March 1968
Egersund, Norway
Died
10 August 1993 (aged 25)
Oslo, Norway
Genres
Black metal
Occupation(s)
Musician, producer
Instruments
Guitar
Years active
1984–1993
Labels
Deathlike Silence Productions
Associated acts
Mayhem, Burzum, LEGO, Checker Patrol, Horn
Notable instruments
Gibson Les Paul
Øystein Aarseth (22 March 1968 – 10 August 1993),[1] who went by the pseudonym Euronymous, was a Norwegian guitarist and co-founder of the Norwegian black metal band Mayhem. He was also founder and owner of the extreme metal record label Deathlike Silence Productions and record shop Helvete.
Euronymous was the founder of and central figure in the early Norwegian black metal scene until his murder by fellow musician Varg Vikernes in August 1993.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 1984–1991
1.2 1991–1993
1.3 Murder and aftermath
2 Beliefs and personality 2.1 Religion
2.2 Black metal and death metal
2.3 Communism
3 Instruments
4 Legacy
5 Discography
6 References
7 Bibliography
8 External links
Biography[edit]
1984–1991[edit]
Aarseth formed Mayhem in 1984 along with bassist Jørn 'Necrobutcher' Stubberud and drummer Kjetil Manheim. At the time he was going by the stage name 'Destructor' but later changed his name to Euronymous,[2] derived from the demon Eurynomos.
In summer 1986, Euronymous, Necrobutcher and Jon 'Metalion' Kristiansen visited the German thrash metal band Assassin and recorded the Metalion in the Park demo under the name Checker Patrol, Metalion contributing background vocals to the title song Metalion in the Park.[3]
In 1988, Per "Dead" Ohlin became Mayhem's vocalist and Jan Axel 'Hellhammer' Blomberg became its drummer. By 1991, Dead, Euronymous and Hellhammer were living in a house in the woods near Kråkstad, which was used as a place for the band to rehearse.[4] Mayhem bassist Necrobutcher said that, after living together for a while, Dead and Euronymous "got on each other's nerves a lot" and "weren't really friends at the end".[4] Hellhammer recalls that Dead once went outside to sleep in the woods because Euronymous was playing synth music that Dead hated. Euronymous then went outside and began shooting into the air with a shotgun.[5] Varg Vikernes claims that Dead once stabbed Euronymous with a knife.[6]
On 8 April 1991, Dead committed suicide while alone in the house. He was found by Euronymous with slit wrists and a shotgun wound to the head. Before calling the police, he went to a shop and bought a disposable camera with which he photographed the body, after re-arranging some items.[7][8][9] One of these photographs was later used as the cover of a bootleg live album: Dawn of the Black Hearts.[10] Necrobutcher recalls how Euronymous told him of the suicide:
Øystein called me up the next day ... and says, "Dead has done something really cool! He killed himself". I thought, have you lost it? What do you mean cool? He says, "Relax, I have photos of everything". I was in shock and grief. He was just thinking how to exploit it. So I told him, "OK. Don't even fucking call me before you destroy those pictures".[11]
Euronymous used Dead's suicide to foster Mayhem's 'evil' image and claimed Dead had killed himself because death metal had become 'trendy' and commercialized.[12] In time, rumors spread that Euronymous had made a stew with bits of Dead's brain and had made necklaces with bits of his skull.[13] The band later denied the former rumor, but confirmed that the latter was true.[10][13] Moreover, Euronymous claimed to have given these necklaces to musicians he deemed worthy,[14] which was confirmed by several other members of the scene, like Bård 'Faust' Eithun[15] and Metalion.[16]
Necrobutcher later speculated that taking the photographs and forcing others to see them was a way for Euronymous to cope with the shock of seeing his friend dead.[7][11] He claimed that Euronymous "went into a fantasy world".[7] Faust of Emperor believes that Dead's suicide "marked the point at which, under Euronymous's direction, the black metal scene began its obsession with all things satanic and evil".[11] Kjetil Manheim said that, after the suicide, Euronymous "tried to be as extreme as he had talked about".[7] The suicide caused a rift between Euronymous and some of his friends, who were disgusted by his attitude towards Dead before the suicide, and his behavior afterwards. Necrobutcher ended his friendship with Euronymous.[7] Thus, after the suicide, Mayhem was left with only two members: guitarist Euronymous and drummer Hellhammer. Stian 'Occultus' Johannsen was recruited as Mayhem's new singer and bassist. However, this was short-lived; he left the band after receiving a death threat from Euronymous.[4]
1991–1993[edit]
The basement of Euronymous's former record shop, showing graffiti from the early 1990s
During May–June 1991,[17] Euronymous opened a record shop named Helvete[18] (Norwegian for 'Hell')[19] at Schweigaards gate 56 in Oslo. Norwegian black metal musicians often met in the shop's basement, including the two members of Mayhem, the members of Emperor, Varg 'Count Grishnackh' Vikernes of Burzum, and Snorre 'Blackthorn' Ruch of Thorns. Euronymous also started an independent record label called Deathlike Silence Productions, which was based at Helvete. It released albums by Norwegian bands Mayhem and Burzum, and Swedish bands Merciless and Abruptum. Euronymous, Varg[8] and Emperor guitarist Tomas 'Samoth' Haugen[20] all lived at Helvete at various times. Emperor drummer Faust also lived and worked there.[11] The shop's walls were painted black and bedecked with medieval weapons, posters of bands, and picture discs, while its window featured a polystyrene tombstone.[11]
According to Occultus, the space that Euronymous rented "was far too big and the rent was too high. That's the reason why it never did well". Only a small part of the building was used for the shop itself.[21] Nevertheless, it became the focal point of the Norwegian black metal scene. Metalion, writer of the fanzine Slayer, said that the opening of Helvete was "the creation of the whole Norwegian Black Metal scene".[22] Daniel Ekeroth wrote in 2008,
Within just a few months [of Helvete opening], many young musicians had become obsessed with Euronymous and his ideas, and soon a lot of Norwegian death metal bands transformed into black metal bands. Amputation became Immortal, Thou Shalt Suffer turned into Emperor, and Darkthrone swapped their Swedish-inspired death metal for primitive black metal. Most notoriously, Old Funeral's guitar player Kristian Vikernes had already left the band to form his own creation, Burzum.[23]
Euronymous "took Vikernes, who was five years younger than him, under his wing: inviting him to play bass with Mayhem and offering to release his music as Burzum".[citation needed] However, it has been claimed that their friendship turned to rivalry. Looking back, Faust said: "It sounds really silly, but I think there was a little bit of a contest between them to see who could be more evil. It created a very difficult situation, especially for Euronymous, who wanted the glamour and the showbiz. With him, there was a lot of smoke but not so much fire".[11]
Euronymous took part in the burning of Holmenkollen Chapel (pictured)
On 6 June 1992, the Fantoft Stave Church in Bergen was destroyed by arson. Vikernes is strongly suspected as the culprit, but was never convicted.[24] There followed a wave of church burnings across Norway, perpetrated by musicians and fans of the Norwegian black metal scene.[18][25] Euronymous was present at the burning of Holmenkollen Chapel together with Vikernes and Faust,[7][8][26][27] who were convicted for the arson after Euronymous was dead. Faust says he believes that Euronymous got involved because he "felt he had to prove that he could be a part of it and not just in the background".[11] To coincide with the release of Mayhem's De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas, Vikernes and Euronymous had allegedly plotted to blow up Nidaros Cathedral, which appears on the album cover. Euronymous's death in August 1993 put an end to this plan and stalled the album's release.[7] In a 1993 interview on a Swedish radio show, Euronymous said of the church burnings:
They [Christians] must feel that there is a dark, evil power present that they have to fight, which…will make them more extreme. We also believe that when a church burns it's not only Christians who suffer, but people in general. Imagine a beautiful old stave church...what happens when it burns? The Christians feel despair, God's house is destroyed and ordinary people will suffer from grief because something beautiful was destroyed. So you end up spreading grief and despair, which is a good thing.[28]
In January 1993, an article in one of Norway's biggest newspapers, Bergens Tidende (BT), brought the black metal scene into the media spotlight.[29] Varg Vikernes (using his pseudonym 'Count Grishnackh') gave an anonymous interview to a journalist from the newspaper, in which he claimed to have burnt the churches and killed a man in Lillehammer.[29] According to Vikernes, the anonymous interview was planned by himself and Euronymous. The goal, he says, was to scare people, promote black metal and get more customers for Helvete.[30] He added that the interview revealed nothing that could prove his involvement in any crime.[29] However, by the time the article was printed, Vikernes had already been arrested. Some of the other scene members were also arrested and questioned, but all were released for lack of evidence. Vikernes himself was released in March 1993, also for lack of evidence.[29]
After the Bergens Tidende episode, Euronymous decided to shut Helvete as it began to draw the attention of the police and media. Vikernes and the authors of Lords of Chaos claim that Euronymous's parents pressured him into shutting Helvete.[31][32]
Murder and aftermath[edit]
In early 1993, animosity arose between Euronymous and Vikernes, and between Euronymous and the Swedish black metal scene.[26]
On the night of 10 August 1993, Vikernes and Snorre 'Blackthorn' Ruch drove from Bergen to Euronymous's apartment at Tøyengata[4] in Oslo. Upon their arrival a confrontation began and Vikernes fatally stabbed Euronymous. His body was found on the stairs outside the apartment with twenty three stab wounds – two to the head, five to the neck, and sixteen to the back.[33] Euronymous' murder was initially blamed on Swedish black metalers by the media.[26]
It has been speculated that the murder was the result of a power struggle, a financial dispute over Burzum records, or an attempt at "out doing" the stabbing in Lillehammer.[34] Vikernes denies all of these, claiming that he attacked Euronymous in self-defense. He says that Euronymous had plotted to stun him with an electroshock weapon, tie him up and torture him to death while videotaping the event. Vikernes explains: "If he was talking about it to everybody and anybody I wouldn't have taken it seriously. But he just told a select group of friends, and one of them told me".[8] He said Euronymous planned to use a meeting about an unsigned contract to ambush him.[8][35] Blackthorn stood outside smoking while Vikernes climbed the stairs to Euronymous's apartment on the fourth floor.[35] Vikernes said he met Euronymous at the door and handed him the contract, but when he stepped forward and confronted Euronymous, Euronymous "panicked" and kicked him in the chest.[35] The two got into a struggle and Vikernes stabbed Euronymous to death. Vikernes defends that most of Euronymous's cut wounds were caused by broken glass he had fallen on during the struggle.[35] After the slaying, Vikernes and Blackthorn drove back to Bergen. On the way, they stopped at a lake where Vikernes disposed of his bloodstained clothes.[35] The self-defense story is doubted by Faust[36] and other members of the scene.
According to Vikernes, Blackthorn only came along to show Euronymous some new guitar riffs and was "in the wrong place at the wrong time".[35] Blackthorn claims that, in the summer of 1993, he was almost committed to a mental hospital but fled to Bergen and stayed with Vikernes. He said Vikernes planned to murder Euronymous and pressured him into coming along. Blackthorn said of the murder, "I was neither for nor against it. I didn't give a shit about Øystein".[37] Vikernes called Blackthorn's claims a "defense […] to make sure I couldn't blame him [for the murder]".[35]
Vikernes was arrested on 19 August 1993 in Bergen.[31] Many other members of the scene, including Blackthorn and Faust, were also taken in for questioning. The trial began on 2 May 1994. At the trial it was claimed that he, Blackthorn and another friend had planned the murder. The third person stayed at the apartment in Bergen as an alibi. To make it look like they never left Bergen, he was to rent films, play them in the apartment, and withdraw money from Vikernes's credit card.[38] On 16 May 1994,[30] Vikernes was sentenced to 21 years in prison (Norway's maximum penalty) for the murder of Euronymous, the arson of three churches, the attempted arson of a fourth church, and for the theft and storage of 150 kg of explosives. However, he only confessed to the latter. Two churches were burnt the day he was sentenced, "presumably as a statement of symbolic support".[39] Blackthorn was sentenced to 8 years in prison for being an accomplice.[39]
At Euronymous's funeral, Hellhammer (Mayhem's then-drummer) and Necrobutcher (Mayhem's former bassist) decided to continue with the band and worked on releasing the De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas album.[11] Before the release, Euronymous's family asked Hellhammer to remove the bass tracks recorded by Vikernes. Hellhammer said: "I thought it was appropriate that the murderer and victim were on the same record. I put word out that I was re-recording the bass parts, but I never did".[11] The album, which has Euronymous on electric guitar and Vikernes on bass guitar, was finally released in May 1994.
A part of the Norwegian scene considered Vikernes a traitor for murdering Euronymous[40] and turning his back on Satanism in favor of nationalism and Odinism,[41] although Vikernes claims he was never a Satanist and had only used 'Satan' to provoke. They saw Euronymous's death as a significant loss to the scene, and some black metalers "have sworn to avenge Aarseth's death".[42] A few years after the murder, Ihsahn of Emperor said "There's no discipline in the scene anymore, like earlier on around the shop".[43] After his death, a new generation of musicians tried to gain credibility by 'hyping-up' Euronymous,[42] although he was also hailed as "the King"[40][41] or "Godfather of Black Metal"[41] by bands that had emerged before this new generation.[40] However, many of Euronymous's friends and bandmates "speak of the killing with a tone of indifference". Lords of Chaos remarks: "what is striking [...] is how little they care about the lives or deaths of one another".[44] In the book, Hellhammer,[45] Ihsahn[31] and Samoth[46] claim that Euronymous's death did not affect or at least not shock them. Anders Odden (a friend of Euronymous at the time) said of the murder: "It wasn't odd that he ended up getting killed. He thought he could threaten to kill people without it having any consequences". He added: "I think many people felt relief once he was gone". Writer and musician Erlend Erichsen agreed, saying "Nobody was there to boss them about. The 'black metal police' were gone".[7]
In 2003, Vikernes failed to return to Tønsberg prison after being given a short leave. He was re-arrested shortly after while driving a stolen car with various weapons.[47] He was released from prison on parole in May 2009.[48]
Beliefs and personality[edit]
The book Lords of Chaos says of Euronymous:
He was always dressed in black from head to foot, his hair dyed black for added effect. He sported long, aristocratic mustaches and wore knee-high boots. His black leather biker jacket was decorated with badges [...] When talking, he seemed stern and serious, sometimes with pomposity verging on the theatrical".[49]
In interviews, Euronymous claimed to be against individualism, compassion, peace, happiness and fun. He claimed he wanted to spread hatred, sorrow and evil.[50] In a 1993 interview he said "There is NOTHING which is too sick, evil or perverted".[50] Metalion (who knew Euronymous since 1985[2] and considered him to be his best friend)[51] said that Euronymous "was always telling what he thought, following his own instincts [...] worshipping death and being extreme".[22] Ihsahn, who frequented Helvete, said that "if you were trusted, if they knew you were serious in your views, you were accepted" there, which was important to be a part of the Helvete scene.[43]
However, Lords of Chaos claims that many who knew Euronymous say "the extreme Satanic image he projected was, in fact, just that – a projection which bore little resemblance to his real personality".[44] They include Kjetil Manheim,[4] Vikernes[8] and Blackthorn.[52] Faust said that with Euronymous, "there was a lot of smoke but not so much fire".[11] When asked why Euronymous made such extreme statements to the press, Ihsahn said: "I think that was very much to create fear among people".[53] He added that the scene "wanted to be in opposition to society" and "tried to concentrate more on just being 'evil' than having a real Satanic philosophy".[54] Mayhem drummer Kjetil Manheim (who was friends with Euronymous from 1983 until his death) described Euronymous as "blond, health oriented, very good at school. He worked-out a lot, didn't smoke, didn't drink ... That was the Øystein we knew. A nice guy, a family guy ... But when we weren't around he could play out his role". Manheim claimed that Euronymous became "extreme" towards the end of his life: "He liked telling people that they were worthless; [that] he was the best. He was all 'I define black metal. Black metal is me!' ... I think he was trapped in the image of Mayhem. He became a megalomaniac".[7] In the documentary Pure Fucking Mayhem he said "Øystein's daily life was a total theater" that was based on the black metal "archetype" of 'Euronymous'.[4]
Religion[edit]
In interviews, Euronymous said he was a Theistic Satanist:[50][55]
I believe in a horned devil, a personified Satan. In my opinion all the other forms of Satanism are bullshit. [...] Satanism comes from religious Christianity, and there it shall stay. I'm a religious person and I will fight those who misuse His name. People are not supposed to believe in themselves and be individualists. They are supposed to OBEY, to be the SLAVES of religion. – Euronymous, in an interview by Esa Lahdenperä, early August 1993[50]
The Theistic Satanism espoused by Euronymous was an inversion of Roman Catholic dogma[50][55] and he claimed "We praise the evil and we believe blindly in a godly creature just like a Christian".[56] On the relationship between religion and science he said: "Scientists can't disprove [...] religion. No matter how hard you try, you can't explain the universe. You can't leave out a religious belief".[56]
He opposed the Satanic and occultist teachings of Anton LaVey and Aleister Crowley, for unlike Euronymous they promoted what he saw as "peace" and commercial frivolity, as well as individualism in contrast to precedence of dogma.[50][55] He said he would "Never accept any band which preaches Church of Satan ideas, as they are just a bunch of freedom and life-loving atheists, and they stand exactly the opposite of me".[50] When asked what he thought of Crowley's code of "Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law", he answered "People shall do what WE want them to do. We're against freedom, and forced a band from Rogaland in Norway – Belsebub – to split up".[56]
As noted earlier, a number of those who knew Euronymous claim that his "extreme Satanic image" was an act. While Mortiis said that Euronymous "was such a devil worshipper you wouldn't believe it",[57] in the black metal documentary Until the Light Takes Us, Varg Vikernes claimed that Euronymous was not a Satanist. He said: "To Aarseth everything was about image and he wanted to appear extreme. He wanted people to think of him as being extreme; the most extreme of them all. But he didn't want to be extreme and he wasn't really extreme".[8] While Metalion, who was friends with both Vikernes and Euronymous when the latter died, and called Euronymous his best friend,[58] wrote that "some people in our scene read a few books and considered themselves Satanists", he made no such statements about Euronymous.[59] Tenebris (allegedly Jon Nödtveidt[60]) from the Misanthropic Luciferian Order, a Swedish Satanic order formed in 1995, wrote that "[b]ack then, in 1991, things mainly concerned black metal and ideological Satanism […] and kind of stood and fell with Euronymous and his shop. Therefore, it vanished with his death in '93".[61]
Over time, some members of the Norwegian scene began to follow Paganism. Vikernes later claimed that Euronymous—"obsessed with this 'Satanist' thing"—disapproved of Vikernes promoting Paganism.[62] Euronymous showed no explicit disapproval of Paganism though and released the Pagan band Enslaved's first album, Vikingligr Veldi, on Deathlike Silence Productions.
Black metal and death metal[edit]
Euronymous said that the term black metal can apply to any kind of metal, so long it is "Satanic" and "heavy".[28] He said "If a band cultivates and worships Satan, it's black metal"[63] and that "In a way, it can be ordinary heavy metal or just noise. What's important is that it's Satanic; that's what makes it black metal".[28] He rejected bands like Immortal being called black metal, "as they are not Satanists", but supported the band nonetheless.[50] As noted earlier, bands who had LaVeyan beliefs were also rejected.[50] When it was pointed out that Venom (the band who coined the term 'black metal') only used 'Satanism' as a gimmick, Euronymous said that he and the 'Black Circle' "choose to believe otherwise".[64]
Likewise, Euronymous said that the term death metal can apply to any kind of metal, so long as the band "cultivates and worships death".[63] Euronymous lamented the commercialization and loss of extremity within death metal. He said "Real Death Metal should be something normal people are afraid of, not something mothers can listen to" and "Death Metal is for brutal people who are capable of killing, it's not for idiotic children who want to have [a] funny hobby after school".[65]
Like many others in the black metal scene, Euronymous originally believed that black metal should stay underground. However, he later changed his mind and said the idea should be got rid of. He believed that the idea of staying underground came from hardcore punk and said "Those who scream most about being in 'underground' is also often those who make so bad music that they don't have a chance to get big themselves". He added: "I wouldn't mind making DSP big and earn a million, as long as I don't change my ways of thinking and being [...] If there were one million black metal fans in the world, most of them would be jerks, but there would be really many true and brutal people as well. The bigger we get, the more we can manipulate people into thinking like us".[50]
Communism[edit]
Euronymous called himself a Communist and, for a time, he was a member of the Norwegian Communist youth group Rød Ungdom.[66][67] According to fellow black metal musician Frost, here he may have honed the leadership skills he would use in the early Norwegian black metal scene, where he allegedly led a "Black Metal Inner Circle". He left Rød Ungdom, allegedly because he came to realize that they were "just a bunch of humanists".[67] Euronymous claimed to favor the totalitarian style of communism practiced by Joseph Stalin and Pol Pot.[68] According to Lords of Chaos, Nicolae Ceaușescu was one of his idols and he collected Eastern Bloc memorabilia.[67] Although he did not use the music of Mayhem to promote his political leanings, he saw them as mutually compatible with black metal.[68]
Instruments[edit]
Euronymous played a Standard sunburst Gibson Les Paul guitar, which can be seen in many pictures of him playing. He stated in various interviews that his and Mayhem's main influences were Venom,[50] Bathory,[50] Hellhammer,[50] Sodom[50] and Destruction.[50] He played through a slightly modified 1981 Marshall Super Lead tube amp and used an Ibanez Tube Screamer pedal as well as an Arion Metal Master distortion pedal.[citation needed]
Legacy[edit]
See also: Red and Anarchist black metal
Euronymous was ranked No. 51 out of The 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists of All Time by Guitar World.[69]
In March 2012, low-cost carrier Norwegian Air Shuttle set up a public poll asking customers to pick a famous Norwegian historic figure whose picture would decorate the aircraft's tailfin. Aarseth was leading the poll but his name was removed from the campaign after his family's request.[70][71]
Discography[edit]
Euronymous was guitarist on the following recordings:
Band
Title
Recorded
Released
Mayhem Pure Fucking Armageddon 1985 1985
Checker Patrol Metalion in the Park[3] 1986 1986
Mayhem Deathrehearsal 1987 1987
Mayhem Deathcrush 1987 1987
Mayhem Live in Leipzig 1990 1993
Mayhem Dawn of the Black Hearts 1990 1995
Mayhem Freezing Moon/Carnage 1990 1996
Mayhem Out from the Dark 1991 1995
Mayhem De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas 1992–1993 1994
He also contributed a guitar solo to the Burzum song "War" (from the album Burzum) and played a gong on the songs "Dungeons of Darkness" (from Burzum) and "Den onde kysten" (from Det som engang var).[72]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Euronymous' passport
2.^ Jump up to: a b Kristiansen, Jon (2011). Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Bazillion Points Books. p. 39.
3.^ Jump up to: a b Kristiansen, p. 53.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Stefan Rydehed (director) (2008). Pure Fucking Mayhem (motion picture). Index Verlag.
5.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 52.
6.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 57.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Martin Ledang (director), Pål Aasdal (director) (2007). Once Upon a Time in Norway (motion picture). Another World Entertainment.
8.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Aaron Aites (director, producer), Audrey Ewell (director, producer) (2009). Until the Light Takes Us (motion picture). Variance Films.
9.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 49.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Sounds of Death magazine (1998): Hellhammer interview
11.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Campion, Chris (20 February 2005). "In the Face of Death". The Observer (Guardian Unlimited). Retrieved 6 October 2007.
12.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, pp. 59–60.
13.^ Jump up to: a b Michael Dome (director) (2007). Murder Music: Black Metal (motion picture). Rockworld TV.
14.Jump up ^ Sam Dunn (director) (2005). Metal: A Headbanger's Journey (motion picture). Seville Pictures.
15.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 55.
16.Jump up ^ Kristiansen, p. 219.
17.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 66.
18.^ Jump up to: a b "Øystein 'Euronymous' Aarseth". June 1992. Retrieved 10 October 2009. "Well, the original idea was to make a specialist shop for metal in general, but that's a long time ago. Normal metal isn't very popular any more, all the children are listening to 'death' metal now. I'd rather be selling Judas Priest than Napalm Death, but at least now we can be specialized within 'death' metal and make a shop where all the trend people know that they will find all the trend music. This will help us earning money so that we can order more EVIL records to the evil people. But no matter how shitty music we have to sell, we'll make a BLACK METAL look on the shop, we've had a couple of 'actions' in churches lately, and the shop is going to look like a black church in the future. We've also thought about having total darkness inside, so that people would have to carry torches to be able to see the records."
19.Jump up ^ Norwegian dictionary entry for "Helvete"
20.Jump up ^ Christe, Ian (2003). Sound of the Beast: the Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. New York, New York: HarperCollins Publishers Inc. p. 271.
21.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 64.
22.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 39.
23.Jump up ^ Daniel Ekeroth: Swedish Death Metal. Second printing. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points 2009, p. 247.
24.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 78.
25.Jump up ^ Grude, Torstein (director) (1998). Satan rir Media (motion picture). Norway: Grude, Torstein.
26.^ Jump up to: a b c Lords of Chaos, p. 117.
27.Jump up ^ Kristiansen, p. 261.
28.^ Jump up to: a b c Interview with Euronymous of Mayhem on a Swedish radio show, 1993
29.^ Jump up to: a b c d Lords of Chaos, pp. 95–97.
30.^ Jump up to: a b "Count" Regrets Nothing. Burzum.org.
31.^ Jump up to: a b c Lords of Chaos, p. 120.
32.Jump up ^ Torstein Grude: Satan rir media, 1998.
33.Jump up ^ Steinke, Darcey. "Satan's Cheerleaders". SPIN. February 1996.
34.Jump up ^ Mayhem Biography on Yahoo! Music
35.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Vikernes, Varg: A Burzum Story: Part II - Euronymous. Burzum.org.
36.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 123.
37.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 130.
38.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 129.
39.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 141.
40.^ Jump up to: a b c Various Artists: Nordic Metal - A Tribute to Euronymous. Necropolis Records, 1995.
41.^ Jump up to: a b c Lords of Chaos, p. 139.
42.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 138.
43.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 65.
44.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 137.
45.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 136.
46.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 121.
47.Jump up ^ Police nab 'The Count' after he fled jail - Aftenposten.no
48.Jump up ^ Rune Midtskogen: Ute av fengsel. In: Dagbladet, 22 May 2009.
49.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 73.
50.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Esa Lahdenpera: Northern Black Metal Legends at the Wayback Machine (archived 7 February 2012). In: Kill Yourself, no. 2, August 1993. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
51.Jump up ^ Kristiansen, pp. 266-269.
52.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 134.
53.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 222.
54.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 218f.
55.^ Jump up to: a b c Rare Euronymous interview - SMNnews Forums
56.^ Jump up to: a b c Interview with Euronymous from Beat, Issue 2 (1993)
57.Jump up ^ Ian Christe: Sound of the Beast: the Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. New York, NY: Harper Collins, 2004.
58.Jump up ^ Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Bazillion Points Books 2011, pp. 266-269.
59.Jump up ^ Kristiansen 2011, p. 261f.
60.Jump up ^ Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points Books 2011.[page needed]
61.Jump up ^ MLO. Misantropiska Lucifer Orden. In: Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Bazillion Points Books 2011, p. 551.
62.Jump up ^ "Updated: Burzum Leader Fails to Return After Short Leave from Prison". Blabbermouth.net. Roadrunner Records. 26 October 2003. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
63.^ Jump up to: a b Interview with Euronymous by Faust in Orcustus zine
64.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 100.
65.Jump up ^ Interview with Euronymous and Dead in Slayer, Issue 8 (1991)
66.Jump up ^ Kevin Coogan: How Black Is Black Metal. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
67.^ Jump up to: a b c Lords of Chaos, p. 74.
68.^ Jump up to: a b Documents: Euronymous as Kafka
69.Jump up ^ "Guitar World's 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists of All Time". Blabbermouth.net. Roadrunner Records. 23 January 2004. Retrieved 11 September 2011.
70.Jump up ^ http://www.thelocal.no/20120402/black-metal-stars-family-says-no-to-norwegian-tailfin-honour
71.Jump up ^ http://www.metalinjection.net/latest-news/bummer-alert/mayhems-euronymous-wont-be-the-face-of-norwegian-air
72.Jump up ^ "A Burzum Story: Part VI - The Music". Burzum.org.
Bibliography[edit]
Michael Moynihan, Didrik Søderlind: Lords of Chaos: The Bloody Rise of the Satanic Metal Underground (Revised and Expanded Edition). Feral House, 2003.
External links[edit]
Euronymous and Necro Butcher interview from Damage Inc zine No. 1 circa 1986 at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 October 2007)
Interview from Morbid Mag no. 8 at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 October 2007)
Interview by Esa Lahdenpera, from Kill Yourself!!! Magazine no. 4 at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 October 2007)
Euronymous and Dead interview from Slayer no. 8 at the Wayback Machine (archived 9 October 2007)
Interview from Close-Up magazine at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 October 2007)
Interview from Orcustus fanzine at the Wayback Machine (archived 23 August 2007)
Russian Euronymous fan site
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euronymous
Euronymous
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For the demon, see Eurynomos.
Euronymous
Dead and Euronymous.jpg
Dead (left) and Euronymous (right)
Background information
Birth name
Øystein Aarseth
Born
22 March 1968
Egersund, Norway
Died
10 August 1993 (aged 25)
Oslo, Norway
Genres
Black metal
Occupation(s)
Musician, producer
Instruments
Guitar
Years active
1984–1993
Labels
Deathlike Silence Productions
Associated acts
Mayhem, Burzum, LEGO, Checker Patrol, Horn
Notable instruments
Gibson Les Paul
Øystein Aarseth (22 March 1968 – 10 August 1993),[1] who went by the pseudonym Euronymous, was a Norwegian guitarist and co-founder of the Norwegian black metal band Mayhem. He was also founder and owner of the extreme metal record label Deathlike Silence Productions and record shop Helvete.
Euronymous was the founder of and central figure in the early Norwegian black metal scene until his murder by fellow musician Varg Vikernes in August 1993.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 1984–1991
1.2 1991–1993
1.3 Murder and aftermath
2 Beliefs and personality 2.1 Religion
2.2 Black metal and death metal
2.3 Communism
3 Instruments
4 Legacy
5 Discography
6 References
7 Bibliography
8 External links
Biography[edit]
1984–1991[edit]
Aarseth formed Mayhem in 1984 along with bassist Jørn 'Necrobutcher' Stubberud and drummer Kjetil Manheim. At the time he was going by the stage name 'Destructor' but later changed his name to Euronymous,[2] derived from the demon Eurynomos.
In summer 1986, Euronymous, Necrobutcher and Jon 'Metalion' Kristiansen visited the German thrash metal band Assassin and recorded the Metalion in the Park demo under the name Checker Patrol, Metalion contributing background vocals to the title song Metalion in the Park.[3]
In 1988, Per "Dead" Ohlin became Mayhem's vocalist and Jan Axel 'Hellhammer' Blomberg became its drummer. By 1991, Dead, Euronymous and Hellhammer were living in a house in the woods near Kråkstad, which was used as a place for the band to rehearse.[4] Mayhem bassist Necrobutcher said that, after living together for a while, Dead and Euronymous "got on each other's nerves a lot" and "weren't really friends at the end".[4] Hellhammer recalls that Dead once went outside to sleep in the woods because Euronymous was playing synth music that Dead hated. Euronymous then went outside and began shooting into the air with a shotgun.[5] Varg Vikernes claims that Dead once stabbed Euronymous with a knife.[6]
On 8 April 1991, Dead committed suicide while alone in the house. He was found by Euronymous with slit wrists and a shotgun wound to the head. Before calling the police, he went to a shop and bought a disposable camera with which he photographed the body, after re-arranging some items.[7][8][9] One of these photographs was later used as the cover of a bootleg live album: Dawn of the Black Hearts.[10] Necrobutcher recalls how Euronymous told him of the suicide:
Øystein called me up the next day ... and says, "Dead has done something really cool! He killed himself". I thought, have you lost it? What do you mean cool? He says, "Relax, I have photos of everything". I was in shock and grief. He was just thinking how to exploit it. So I told him, "OK. Don't even fucking call me before you destroy those pictures".[11]
Euronymous used Dead's suicide to foster Mayhem's 'evil' image and claimed Dead had killed himself because death metal had become 'trendy' and commercialized.[12] In time, rumors spread that Euronymous had made a stew with bits of Dead's brain and had made necklaces with bits of his skull.[13] The band later denied the former rumor, but confirmed that the latter was true.[10][13] Moreover, Euronymous claimed to have given these necklaces to musicians he deemed worthy,[14] which was confirmed by several other members of the scene, like Bård 'Faust' Eithun[15] and Metalion.[16]
Necrobutcher later speculated that taking the photographs and forcing others to see them was a way for Euronymous to cope with the shock of seeing his friend dead.[7][11] He claimed that Euronymous "went into a fantasy world".[7] Faust of Emperor believes that Dead's suicide "marked the point at which, under Euronymous's direction, the black metal scene began its obsession with all things satanic and evil".[11] Kjetil Manheim said that, after the suicide, Euronymous "tried to be as extreme as he had talked about".[7] The suicide caused a rift between Euronymous and some of his friends, who were disgusted by his attitude towards Dead before the suicide, and his behavior afterwards. Necrobutcher ended his friendship with Euronymous.[7] Thus, after the suicide, Mayhem was left with only two members: guitarist Euronymous and drummer Hellhammer. Stian 'Occultus' Johannsen was recruited as Mayhem's new singer and bassist. However, this was short-lived; he left the band after receiving a death threat from Euronymous.[4]
1991–1993[edit]
The basement of Euronymous's former record shop, showing graffiti from the early 1990s
During May–June 1991,[17] Euronymous opened a record shop named Helvete[18] (Norwegian for 'Hell')[19] at Schweigaards gate 56 in Oslo. Norwegian black metal musicians often met in the shop's basement, including the two members of Mayhem, the members of Emperor, Varg 'Count Grishnackh' Vikernes of Burzum, and Snorre 'Blackthorn' Ruch of Thorns. Euronymous also started an independent record label called Deathlike Silence Productions, which was based at Helvete. It released albums by Norwegian bands Mayhem and Burzum, and Swedish bands Merciless and Abruptum. Euronymous, Varg[8] and Emperor guitarist Tomas 'Samoth' Haugen[20] all lived at Helvete at various times. Emperor drummer Faust also lived and worked there.[11] The shop's walls were painted black and bedecked with medieval weapons, posters of bands, and picture discs, while its window featured a polystyrene tombstone.[11]
According to Occultus, the space that Euronymous rented "was far too big and the rent was too high. That's the reason why it never did well". Only a small part of the building was used for the shop itself.[21] Nevertheless, it became the focal point of the Norwegian black metal scene. Metalion, writer of the fanzine Slayer, said that the opening of Helvete was "the creation of the whole Norwegian Black Metal scene".[22] Daniel Ekeroth wrote in 2008,
Within just a few months [of Helvete opening], many young musicians had become obsessed with Euronymous and his ideas, and soon a lot of Norwegian death metal bands transformed into black metal bands. Amputation became Immortal, Thou Shalt Suffer turned into Emperor, and Darkthrone swapped their Swedish-inspired death metal for primitive black metal. Most notoriously, Old Funeral's guitar player Kristian Vikernes had already left the band to form his own creation, Burzum.[23]
Euronymous "took Vikernes, who was five years younger than him, under his wing: inviting him to play bass with Mayhem and offering to release his music as Burzum".[citation needed] However, it has been claimed that their friendship turned to rivalry. Looking back, Faust said: "It sounds really silly, but I think there was a little bit of a contest between them to see who could be more evil. It created a very difficult situation, especially for Euronymous, who wanted the glamour and the showbiz. With him, there was a lot of smoke but not so much fire".[11]
Euronymous took part in the burning of Holmenkollen Chapel (pictured)
On 6 June 1992, the Fantoft Stave Church in Bergen was destroyed by arson. Vikernes is strongly suspected as the culprit, but was never convicted.[24] There followed a wave of church burnings across Norway, perpetrated by musicians and fans of the Norwegian black metal scene.[18][25] Euronymous was present at the burning of Holmenkollen Chapel together with Vikernes and Faust,[7][8][26][27] who were convicted for the arson after Euronymous was dead. Faust says he believes that Euronymous got involved because he "felt he had to prove that he could be a part of it and not just in the background".[11] To coincide with the release of Mayhem's De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas, Vikernes and Euronymous had allegedly plotted to blow up Nidaros Cathedral, which appears on the album cover. Euronymous's death in August 1993 put an end to this plan and stalled the album's release.[7] In a 1993 interview on a Swedish radio show, Euronymous said of the church burnings:
They [Christians] must feel that there is a dark, evil power present that they have to fight, which…will make them more extreme. We also believe that when a church burns it's not only Christians who suffer, but people in general. Imagine a beautiful old stave church...what happens when it burns? The Christians feel despair, God's house is destroyed and ordinary people will suffer from grief because something beautiful was destroyed. So you end up spreading grief and despair, which is a good thing.[28]
In January 1993, an article in one of Norway's biggest newspapers, Bergens Tidende (BT), brought the black metal scene into the media spotlight.[29] Varg Vikernes (using his pseudonym 'Count Grishnackh') gave an anonymous interview to a journalist from the newspaper, in which he claimed to have burnt the churches and killed a man in Lillehammer.[29] According to Vikernes, the anonymous interview was planned by himself and Euronymous. The goal, he says, was to scare people, promote black metal and get more customers for Helvete.[30] He added that the interview revealed nothing that could prove his involvement in any crime.[29] However, by the time the article was printed, Vikernes had already been arrested. Some of the other scene members were also arrested and questioned, but all were released for lack of evidence. Vikernes himself was released in March 1993, also for lack of evidence.[29]
After the Bergens Tidende episode, Euronymous decided to shut Helvete as it began to draw the attention of the police and media. Vikernes and the authors of Lords of Chaos claim that Euronymous's parents pressured him into shutting Helvete.[31][32]
Murder and aftermath[edit]
In early 1993, animosity arose between Euronymous and Vikernes, and between Euronymous and the Swedish black metal scene.[26]
On the night of 10 August 1993, Vikernes and Snorre 'Blackthorn' Ruch drove from Bergen to Euronymous's apartment at Tøyengata[4] in Oslo. Upon their arrival a confrontation began and Vikernes fatally stabbed Euronymous. His body was found on the stairs outside the apartment with twenty three stab wounds – two to the head, five to the neck, and sixteen to the back.[33] Euronymous' murder was initially blamed on Swedish black metalers by the media.[26]
It has been speculated that the murder was the result of a power struggle, a financial dispute over Burzum records, or an attempt at "out doing" the stabbing in Lillehammer.[34] Vikernes denies all of these, claiming that he attacked Euronymous in self-defense. He says that Euronymous had plotted to stun him with an electroshock weapon, tie him up and torture him to death while videotaping the event. Vikernes explains: "If he was talking about it to everybody and anybody I wouldn't have taken it seriously. But he just told a select group of friends, and one of them told me".[8] He said Euronymous planned to use a meeting about an unsigned contract to ambush him.[8][35] Blackthorn stood outside smoking while Vikernes climbed the stairs to Euronymous's apartment on the fourth floor.[35] Vikernes said he met Euronymous at the door and handed him the contract, but when he stepped forward and confronted Euronymous, Euronymous "panicked" and kicked him in the chest.[35] The two got into a struggle and Vikernes stabbed Euronymous to death. Vikernes defends that most of Euronymous's cut wounds were caused by broken glass he had fallen on during the struggle.[35] After the slaying, Vikernes and Blackthorn drove back to Bergen. On the way, they stopped at a lake where Vikernes disposed of his bloodstained clothes.[35] The self-defense story is doubted by Faust[36] and other members of the scene.
According to Vikernes, Blackthorn only came along to show Euronymous some new guitar riffs and was "in the wrong place at the wrong time".[35] Blackthorn claims that, in the summer of 1993, he was almost committed to a mental hospital but fled to Bergen and stayed with Vikernes. He said Vikernes planned to murder Euronymous and pressured him into coming along. Blackthorn said of the murder, "I was neither for nor against it. I didn't give a shit about Øystein".[37] Vikernes called Blackthorn's claims a "defense […] to make sure I couldn't blame him [for the murder]".[35]
Vikernes was arrested on 19 August 1993 in Bergen.[31] Many other members of the scene, including Blackthorn and Faust, were also taken in for questioning. The trial began on 2 May 1994. At the trial it was claimed that he, Blackthorn and another friend had planned the murder. The third person stayed at the apartment in Bergen as an alibi. To make it look like they never left Bergen, he was to rent films, play them in the apartment, and withdraw money from Vikernes's credit card.[38] On 16 May 1994,[30] Vikernes was sentenced to 21 years in prison (Norway's maximum penalty) for the murder of Euronymous, the arson of three churches, the attempted arson of a fourth church, and for the theft and storage of 150 kg of explosives. However, he only confessed to the latter. Two churches were burnt the day he was sentenced, "presumably as a statement of symbolic support".[39] Blackthorn was sentenced to 8 years in prison for being an accomplice.[39]
At Euronymous's funeral, Hellhammer (Mayhem's then-drummer) and Necrobutcher (Mayhem's former bassist) decided to continue with the band and worked on releasing the De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas album.[11] Before the release, Euronymous's family asked Hellhammer to remove the bass tracks recorded by Vikernes. Hellhammer said: "I thought it was appropriate that the murderer and victim were on the same record. I put word out that I was re-recording the bass parts, but I never did".[11] The album, which has Euronymous on electric guitar and Vikernes on bass guitar, was finally released in May 1994.
A part of the Norwegian scene considered Vikernes a traitor for murdering Euronymous[40] and turning his back on Satanism in favor of nationalism and Odinism,[41] although Vikernes claims he was never a Satanist and had only used 'Satan' to provoke. They saw Euronymous's death as a significant loss to the scene, and some black metalers "have sworn to avenge Aarseth's death".[42] A few years after the murder, Ihsahn of Emperor said "There's no discipline in the scene anymore, like earlier on around the shop".[43] After his death, a new generation of musicians tried to gain credibility by 'hyping-up' Euronymous,[42] although he was also hailed as "the King"[40][41] or "Godfather of Black Metal"[41] by bands that had emerged before this new generation.[40] However, many of Euronymous's friends and bandmates "speak of the killing with a tone of indifference". Lords of Chaos remarks: "what is striking [...] is how little they care about the lives or deaths of one another".[44] In the book, Hellhammer,[45] Ihsahn[31] and Samoth[46] claim that Euronymous's death did not affect or at least not shock them. Anders Odden (a friend of Euronymous at the time) said of the murder: "It wasn't odd that he ended up getting killed. He thought he could threaten to kill people without it having any consequences". He added: "I think many people felt relief once he was gone". Writer and musician Erlend Erichsen agreed, saying "Nobody was there to boss them about. The 'black metal police' were gone".[7]
In 2003, Vikernes failed to return to Tønsberg prison after being given a short leave. He was re-arrested shortly after while driving a stolen car with various weapons.[47] He was released from prison on parole in May 2009.[48]
Beliefs and personality[edit]
The book Lords of Chaos says of Euronymous:
He was always dressed in black from head to foot, his hair dyed black for added effect. He sported long, aristocratic mustaches and wore knee-high boots. His black leather biker jacket was decorated with badges [...] When talking, he seemed stern and serious, sometimes with pomposity verging on the theatrical".[49]
In interviews, Euronymous claimed to be against individualism, compassion, peace, happiness and fun. He claimed he wanted to spread hatred, sorrow and evil.[50] In a 1993 interview he said "There is NOTHING which is too sick, evil or perverted".[50] Metalion (who knew Euronymous since 1985[2] and considered him to be his best friend)[51] said that Euronymous "was always telling what he thought, following his own instincts [...] worshipping death and being extreme".[22] Ihsahn, who frequented Helvete, said that "if you were trusted, if they knew you were serious in your views, you were accepted" there, which was important to be a part of the Helvete scene.[43]
However, Lords of Chaos claims that many who knew Euronymous say "the extreme Satanic image he projected was, in fact, just that – a projection which bore little resemblance to his real personality".[44] They include Kjetil Manheim,[4] Vikernes[8] and Blackthorn.[52] Faust said that with Euronymous, "there was a lot of smoke but not so much fire".[11] When asked why Euronymous made such extreme statements to the press, Ihsahn said: "I think that was very much to create fear among people".[53] He added that the scene "wanted to be in opposition to society" and "tried to concentrate more on just being 'evil' than having a real Satanic philosophy".[54] Mayhem drummer Kjetil Manheim (who was friends with Euronymous from 1983 until his death) described Euronymous as "blond, health oriented, very good at school. He worked-out a lot, didn't smoke, didn't drink ... That was the Øystein we knew. A nice guy, a family guy ... But when we weren't around he could play out his role". Manheim claimed that Euronymous became "extreme" towards the end of his life: "He liked telling people that they were worthless; [that] he was the best. He was all 'I define black metal. Black metal is me!' ... I think he was trapped in the image of Mayhem. He became a megalomaniac".[7] In the documentary Pure Fucking Mayhem he said "Øystein's daily life was a total theater" that was based on the black metal "archetype" of 'Euronymous'.[4]
Religion[edit]
In interviews, Euronymous said he was a Theistic Satanist:[50][55]
I believe in a horned devil, a personified Satan. In my opinion all the other forms of Satanism are bullshit. [...] Satanism comes from religious Christianity, and there it shall stay. I'm a religious person and I will fight those who misuse His name. People are not supposed to believe in themselves and be individualists. They are supposed to OBEY, to be the SLAVES of religion. – Euronymous, in an interview by Esa Lahdenperä, early August 1993[50]
The Theistic Satanism espoused by Euronymous was an inversion of Roman Catholic dogma[50][55] and he claimed "We praise the evil and we believe blindly in a godly creature just like a Christian".[56] On the relationship between religion and science he said: "Scientists can't disprove [...] religion. No matter how hard you try, you can't explain the universe. You can't leave out a religious belief".[56]
He opposed the Satanic and occultist teachings of Anton LaVey and Aleister Crowley, for unlike Euronymous they promoted what he saw as "peace" and commercial frivolity, as well as individualism in contrast to precedence of dogma.[50][55] He said he would "Never accept any band which preaches Church of Satan ideas, as they are just a bunch of freedom and life-loving atheists, and they stand exactly the opposite of me".[50] When asked what he thought of Crowley's code of "Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law", he answered "People shall do what WE want them to do. We're against freedom, and forced a band from Rogaland in Norway – Belsebub – to split up".[56]
As noted earlier, a number of those who knew Euronymous claim that his "extreme Satanic image" was an act. While Mortiis said that Euronymous "was such a devil worshipper you wouldn't believe it",[57] in the black metal documentary Until the Light Takes Us, Varg Vikernes claimed that Euronymous was not a Satanist. He said: "To Aarseth everything was about image and he wanted to appear extreme. He wanted people to think of him as being extreme; the most extreme of them all. But he didn't want to be extreme and he wasn't really extreme".[8] While Metalion, who was friends with both Vikernes and Euronymous when the latter died, and called Euronymous his best friend,[58] wrote that "some people in our scene read a few books and considered themselves Satanists", he made no such statements about Euronymous.[59] Tenebris (allegedly Jon Nödtveidt[60]) from the Misanthropic Luciferian Order, a Swedish Satanic order formed in 1995, wrote that "[b]ack then, in 1991, things mainly concerned black metal and ideological Satanism […] and kind of stood and fell with Euronymous and his shop. Therefore, it vanished with his death in '93".[61]
Over time, some members of the Norwegian scene began to follow Paganism. Vikernes later claimed that Euronymous—"obsessed with this 'Satanist' thing"—disapproved of Vikernes promoting Paganism.[62] Euronymous showed no explicit disapproval of Paganism though and released the Pagan band Enslaved's first album, Vikingligr Veldi, on Deathlike Silence Productions.
Black metal and death metal[edit]
Euronymous said that the term black metal can apply to any kind of metal, so long it is "Satanic" and "heavy".[28] He said "If a band cultivates and worships Satan, it's black metal"[63] and that "In a way, it can be ordinary heavy metal or just noise. What's important is that it's Satanic; that's what makes it black metal".[28] He rejected bands like Immortal being called black metal, "as they are not Satanists", but supported the band nonetheless.[50] As noted earlier, bands who had LaVeyan beliefs were also rejected.[50] When it was pointed out that Venom (the band who coined the term 'black metal') only used 'Satanism' as a gimmick, Euronymous said that he and the 'Black Circle' "choose to believe otherwise".[64]
Likewise, Euronymous said that the term death metal can apply to any kind of metal, so long as the band "cultivates and worships death".[63] Euronymous lamented the commercialization and loss of extremity within death metal. He said "Real Death Metal should be something normal people are afraid of, not something mothers can listen to" and "Death Metal is for brutal people who are capable of killing, it's not for idiotic children who want to have [a] funny hobby after school".[65]
Like many others in the black metal scene, Euronymous originally believed that black metal should stay underground. However, he later changed his mind and said the idea should be got rid of. He believed that the idea of staying underground came from hardcore punk and said "Those who scream most about being in 'underground' is also often those who make so bad music that they don't have a chance to get big themselves". He added: "I wouldn't mind making DSP big and earn a million, as long as I don't change my ways of thinking and being [...] If there were one million black metal fans in the world, most of them would be jerks, but there would be really many true and brutal people as well. The bigger we get, the more we can manipulate people into thinking like us".[50]
Communism[edit]
Euronymous called himself a Communist and, for a time, he was a member of the Norwegian Communist youth group Rød Ungdom.[66][67] According to fellow black metal musician Frost, here he may have honed the leadership skills he would use in the early Norwegian black metal scene, where he allegedly led a "Black Metal Inner Circle". He left Rød Ungdom, allegedly because he came to realize that they were "just a bunch of humanists".[67] Euronymous claimed to favor the totalitarian style of communism practiced by Joseph Stalin and Pol Pot.[68] According to Lords of Chaos, Nicolae Ceaușescu was one of his idols and he collected Eastern Bloc memorabilia.[67] Although he did not use the music of Mayhem to promote his political leanings, he saw them as mutually compatible with black metal.[68]
Instruments[edit]
Euronymous played a Standard sunburst Gibson Les Paul guitar, which can be seen in many pictures of him playing. He stated in various interviews that his and Mayhem's main influences were Venom,[50] Bathory,[50] Hellhammer,[50] Sodom[50] and Destruction.[50] He played through a slightly modified 1981 Marshall Super Lead tube amp and used an Ibanez Tube Screamer pedal as well as an Arion Metal Master distortion pedal.[citation needed]
Legacy[edit]
See also: Red and Anarchist black metal
Euronymous was ranked No. 51 out of The 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists of All Time by Guitar World.[69]
In March 2012, low-cost carrier Norwegian Air Shuttle set up a public poll asking customers to pick a famous Norwegian historic figure whose picture would decorate the aircraft's tailfin. Aarseth was leading the poll but his name was removed from the campaign after his family's request.[70][71]
Discography[edit]
Euronymous was guitarist on the following recordings:
Band
Title
Recorded
Released
Mayhem Pure Fucking Armageddon 1985 1985
Checker Patrol Metalion in the Park[3] 1986 1986
Mayhem Deathrehearsal 1987 1987
Mayhem Deathcrush 1987 1987
Mayhem Live in Leipzig 1990 1993
Mayhem Dawn of the Black Hearts 1990 1995
Mayhem Freezing Moon/Carnage 1990 1996
Mayhem Out from the Dark 1991 1995
Mayhem De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas 1992–1993 1994
He also contributed a guitar solo to the Burzum song "War" (from the album Burzum) and played a gong on the songs "Dungeons of Darkness" (from Burzum) and "Den onde kysten" (from Det som engang var).[72]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Euronymous' passport
2.^ Jump up to: a b Kristiansen, Jon (2011). Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Bazillion Points Books. p. 39.
3.^ Jump up to: a b Kristiansen, p. 53.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Stefan Rydehed (director) (2008). Pure Fucking Mayhem (motion picture). Index Verlag.
5.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 52.
6.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 57.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Martin Ledang (director), Pål Aasdal (director) (2007). Once Upon a Time in Norway (motion picture). Another World Entertainment.
8.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Aaron Aites (director, producer), Audrey Ewell (director, producer) (2009). Until the Light Takes Us (motion picture). Variance Films.
9.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 49.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Sounds of Death magazine (1998): Hellhammer interview
11.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Campion, Chris (20 February 2005). "In the Face of Death". The Observer (Guardian Unlimited). Retrieved 6 October 2007.
12.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, pp. 59–60.
13.^ Jump up to: a b Michael Dome (director) (2007). Murder Music: Black Metal (motion picture). Rockworld TV.
14.Jump up ^ Sam Dunn (director) (2005). Metal: A Headbanger's Journey (motion picture). Seville Pictures.
15.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 55.
16.Jump up ^ Kristiansen, p. 219.
17.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 66.
18.^ Jump up to: a b "Øystein 'Euronymous' Aarseth". June 1992. Retrieved 10 October 2009. "Well, the original idea was to make a specialist shop for metal in general, but that's a long time ago. Normal metal isn't very popular any more, all the children are listening to 'death' metal now. I'd rather be selling Judas Priest than Napalm Death, but at least now we can be specialized within 'death' metal and make a shop where all the trend people know that they will find all the trend music. This will help us earning money so that we can order more EVIL records to the evil people. But no matter how shitty music we have to sell, we'll make a BLACK METAL look on the shop, we've had a couple of 'actions' in churches lately, and the shop is going to look like a black church in the future. We've also thought about having total darkness inside, so that people would have to carry torches to be able to see the records."
19.Jump up ^ Norwegian dictionary entry for "Helvete"
20.Jump up ^ Christe, Ian (2003). Sound of the Beast: the Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. New York, New York: HarperCollins Publishers Inc. p. 271.
21.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 64.
22.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 39.
23.Jump up ^ Daniel Ekeroth: Swedish Death Metal. Second printing. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points 2009, p. 247.
24.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 78.
25.Jump up ^ Grude, Torstein (director) (1998). Satan rir Media (motion picture). Norway: Grude, Torstein.
26.^ Jump up to: a b c Lords of Chaos, p. 117.
27.Jump up ^ Kristiansen, p. 261.
28.^ Jump up to: a b c Interview with Euronymous of Mayhem on a Swedish radio show, 1993
29.^ Jump up to: a b c d Lords of Chaos, pp. 95–97.
30.^ Jump up to: a b "Count" Regrets Nothing. Burzum.org.
31.^ Jump up to: a b c Lords of Chaos, p. 120.
32.Jump up ^ Torstein Grude: Satan rir media, 1998.
33.Jump up ^ Steinke, Darcey. "Satan's Cheerleaders". SPIN. February 1996.
34.Jump up ^ Mayhem Biography on Yahoo! Music
35.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Vikernes, Varg: A Burzum Story: Part II - Euronymous. Burzum.org.
36.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 123.
37.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 130.
38.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 129.
39.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 141.
40.^ Jump up to: a b c Various Artists: Nordic Metal - A Tribute to Euronymous. Necropolis Records, 1995.
41.^ Jump up to: a b c Lords of Chaos, p. 139.
42.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 138.
43.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 65.
44.^ Jump up to: a b Lords of Chaos, p. 137.
45.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 136.
46.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 121.
47.Jump up ^ Police nab 'The Count' after he fled jail - Aftenposten.no
48.Jump up ^ Rune Midtskogen: Ute av fengsel. In: Dagbladet, 22 May 2009.
49.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 73.
50.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Esa Lahdenpera: Northern Black Metal Legends at the Wayback Machine (archived 7 February 2012). In: Kill Yourself, no. 2, August 1993. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
51.Jump up ^ Kristiansen, pp. 266-269.
52.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 134.
53.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 222.
54.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 218f.
55.^ Jump up to: a b c Rare Euronymous interview - SMNnews Forums
56.^ Jump up to: a b c Interview with Euronymous from Beat, Issue 2 (1993)
57.Jump up ^ Ian Christe: Sound of the Beast: the Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. New York, NY: Harper Collins, 2004.
58.Jump up ^ Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Bazillion Points Books 2011, pp. 266-269.
59.Jump up ^ Kristiansen 2011, p. 261f.
60.Jump up ^ Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points Books 2011.[page needed]
61.Jump up ^ MLO. Misantropiska Lucifer Orden. In: Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Bazillion Points Books 2011, p. 551.
62.Jump up ^ "Updated: Burzum Leader Fails to Return After Short Leave from Prison". Blabbermouth.net. Roadrunner Records. 26 October 2003. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
63.^ Jump up to: a b Interview with Euronymous by Faust in Orcustus zine
64.Jump up ^ Lords of Chaos, p. 100.
65.Jump up ^ Interview with Euronymous and Dead in Slayer, Issue 8 (1991)
66.Jump up ^ Kevin Coogan: How Black Is Black Metal. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
67.^ Jump up to: a b c Lords of Chaos, p. 74.
68.^ Jump up to: a b Documents: Euronymous as Kafka
69.Jump up ^ "Guitar World's 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists of All Time". Blabbermouth.net. Roadrunner Records. 23 January 2004. Retrieved 11 September 2011.
70.Jump up ^ http://www.thelocal.no/20120402/black-metal-stars-family-says-no-to-norwegian-tailfin-honour
71.Jump up ^ http://www.metalinjection.net/latest-news/bummer-alert/mayhems-euronymous-wont-be-the-face-of-norwegian-air
72.Jump up ^ "A Burzum Story: Part VI - The Music". Burzum.org.
Bibliography[edit]
Michael Moynihan, Didrik Søderlind: Lords of Chaos: The Bloody Rise of the Satanic Metal Underground (Revised and Expanded Edition). Feral House, 2003.
External links[edit]
Euronymous and Necro Butcher interview from Damage Inc zine No. 1 circa 1986 at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 October 2007)
Interview from Morbid Mag no. 8 at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 October 2007)
Interview by Esa Lahdenpera, from Kill Yourself!!! Magazine no. 4 at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 October 2007)
Euronymous and Dead interview from Slayer no. 8 at the Wayback Machine (archived 9 October 2007)
Interview from Close-Up magazine at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 October 2007)
Interview from Orcustus fanzine at the Wayback Machine (archived 23 August 2007)
Russian Euronymous fan site
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euronymous
Ihsahn
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Not to be confused with Ihsan.
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (May 2015)
Ihsahn
Ihsahn Hellfest 2010 RH 07.jpg
Ihsahn performing live at Hellfest in June 2010
Background information
Birth name
Vegard Sverre Tveitan
Born
October 10, 1975 (age 39)
Origin
Norway
Genres
Symphonic black metal, progressive metal, black metal, avant-garde metal, ambient.
Occupation(s)
Musician, songwriter, producer
Instruments
Guitar, bass, keyboards, programming, drums, vocals
Years active
1990–present
Associated acts
Emperor, Thou Shalt Suffer, Peccatum, Embryonic, Leprous
Website
Ihsahn.com
Emperorhorde.com
Notable instruments
Ibanez Joe Satriani signature model
Ibanez RGT320Q
Ibanez RG2228 Prestige
custom Ibanez RGA8
Ibanez RGD 2127Z Prestige
Ihsahn (born October 10, 1975 as Vegard Sverre Tveitan) is a Norwegian composer, multi-instrumentalist, and vocalist. He is best known for his work with Norwegian black metal band Emperor. He has appeared in Thou Shalt Suffer, played in Peccatum with his wife Ihriel (real name Heidi S. Tveitan), and now devotes himself to his solo albums.
His instructional videos on music have appeared in online publications such as Guitar World.[1] In style terms, his solo work and work with other artists have shown multiple musical forms from classical music to industrial metal to progressive metal and more. In terms of his personal beliefs, he has expressed support for Satanism and social darwinist thought while also showing respect to concepts such as meditation, stewardship of the environment, and traditional paganism as well as condemning acts of criminality and religious intolerance such as church arson.[2]
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Beliefs
3 Band
4 Discography 4.1 Studio albums
4.2 Guest appearances and session contributions
5 References
6 External links
Biography[edit]
Born in the town of Notodden, Norway, Tveitan began playing piano at seven and guitar at ten and began recording songs shortly thereafter. His influences include heavy metal, classical, ambient, and techno. He grew up on a large farm in rural Norway.
Tveitan first met his musical partner, Tomas Haugen (also known as Samoth), at the age of thirteen at a music seminar. Tveitan gained Haugen's attention with his Iron Maiden patches.[3] In 1990 Tveitan joined Haugen's band Xerasia, a death metal band where he served as guitarist and keyboardist. They eventually changed their name to Embryonic sometime that year. A four-track demo titled The Land of the Lost Souls was self-financed and released in November. In 1991 they changed their name again to Thou Shalt Suffer. Several releases under this name were produced before Haugen left the band, leaving Tveitan the sole remaining member. He continues Thou Shalt Suffer as a side project to this day.
After the departure of Haugen from Thou Shalt Suffer, the two formed Emperor, where Tveitan again took on the role of guitarist. Emperor had a much more refined black metal sound which showcased Tveitan's developing keyboard skills, a distinct feature that would appear in many of his later releases. The band at this time received much support and encouragement from black metal pioneer Euronymous and after several demos, the Emperor EP was released in 1993 to much acclaim. Shortly afterwards, band-mates Haugen, Bård Eithun (also known as Faust) and Terje Schei (also known as Tchort) were arrested and imprisoned,[citation needed] leaving Tveitan to his own devices. He retreated to a property owned by his family to compose much of what would later become Anthems to the Welkin at Dusk, which was recorded after the parole of Haugen.
In 1995 the cult album Blood Must be Shed, by Zyklon-B was released featuring members of Emperor and Satyricon; Tveitan himself played synth. In 1998 Tveitan formed, along with his wife Heidi Tveitan (AKA Ihriel), Peccatum. The project was much more experimental in nature than Emperor, and would continue on for some time after Emperor's demise in 2001. Peccatum would come to feature Tveitan's trademark synth sound as well as clean and black vocals, eventually becoming his main project until its termination on March 4, 2006.
In 1999 Emperor released IX Equilibrium, Tveitan's third studio album with the group. Two years later, in 2001, Peccatum released their second studio album, Amor Fati. In the same year, Emperor released their fourth and final studio album, Prometheus: The Discipline of Fire & Demise. 'Prometheus' was entirely composed by Tveitan and featured more complex orchestration than previous works; though significantly less synthesizers than before. It was at this time Emperor mutually decided to dissolve, leaving Tveitan and his bandmates with more time to focus on their various side projects.
In December 2002, Ihsahn won the "Notodden Kommunes Kulturpris",[4] a culture prize given by his home city, Notodden, which is populated to about 12,500 inhabitants. He won the prize because he is considered the best-known inhabitant of Notodden, a great musician, a music teacher, and he arranges a lot of concerts for unknown bands. The fact that his band sold more than 500,000 copies was also a reason for getting the prize. 2002 also saw Tveitan contribute guest vocals to the song "Radical Cut", off Arcturus' album The Sham Mirrors.
2004 saw the release of Peccatum's third and final studio album, Lost in Reverie, with an EP titled The Moribund People following the year after. On September 30, 2005, Emperor made a surprise return at Scream magazine's 15-year anniversary party in Oslo at Rockefeller, a rock concert venue. The move was kept top secret, was only known by a handful of people, and they only played three songs. This was to announce the reuniting of the band for a few shows around Europe and America in 2006, namely at Wacken and Inferno Festival.
In April 2006, Tveitan released his first solo album, The Adversary. The album was entirely composed, performed, recorded and produced by him, with the exception of drums contributed by Asgeir Mickelson, and guest vocals on the track "Homecoming" by Kristoffer Rygg of Ulver. The album showcases his progressive influences as well as heavy metal, black metal and classical music. The Adversary was recorded at Symphonique Studios in Norway and was released on his label Mnemosyne Productions, which he founded in 2003 with Ihriel. A video was made for the opening track, "Invocation".
Tveitan lent his voice in 2007 to an animated character from the Adult Swim cartoon Metalocalypse, Eric von Wiechlinghammer, in the episode "Dethfashion". He released his second studio album, titled angL, the following year, featuring Lars K. Norberg on bass, Asgeir Mickelson on drums, and guest vocals from Mikael Åkerfeldt (of Opeth) on the track "Unhealer". 2008 also saw Tveitan start a column in the magazine Guitar World, titled "Left Hand Path". In March 2009, Tveitan performed some of his solo material live for the first time, in a one-off performance opening for Opeth in Norway. He has since made many festival appearances, playing a mix of solo material and Emperor covers. Fellow Norwegians Leprous serve as his backing band.
Ihsahn performing at Hole in the Sky in August 2010
Tveitan released his third solo album, After, in January 2010. Lars K. Nordberg and Asgeir Mickelson once again contributed bass and drums, respectively, with Jørgen Munkeby (of Shining) playing saxophone on several tracks as well. Later that year, in October, a Mnemosyne web update confirmed that Ihsahn had already begun writing for a fourth solo album, and was also focusing on upgrading his studio at home.[5]
2011 was a busy year for Tveitan. Aside from making his solo debut in the US at the annual ProgPower USA metal festival in Atlanta, Georgia, he also guested on two records, co-produced one with his wife, and continued to work on his fourth solo album. Additional details on the new record following its announcement have been scarce, with no possible release date mentioned. As of an August 2011 interview with Thrash Hits TV, drums for the album have been tracked and the recording process is said to be well underway.[6] Mentioned collaborators include Jørgen Munkeby once again[7] and Devin Townsend, who in a November 2011 interview mentioned that he was "singing a song for Ihsahn's new thing", but added that he could not elaborate any more at that point in time.[8]
Beliefs[edit]
Ihsahn described himself a Satanist in the 1990s. As he explained in 1994, he considered Satanism to be hard to define, as there are different ways of Satanism, and to be more of a category the individual would have to set for themselves. He considered most other adolescents to be "soulless" people, too involved in materialistic things. He said the imprisonment of the other Emperor members had both positive and negative effects; it meant a difficult period for the band, but the imprisonment also gave them publicity and therefore more possibilities to spread their ideas. Ihsahn additionally has said he has seen no reason to be physically destructive and has had no personal connection to the church burning cases that rocked Norway.[9] In a 1994 interview, Ihsahn described a social darwinist influence on his Satanism, calling himself anti-Christian and saying it is 'not for a weak person', while also expressing respect towards European paganism, meditation, and stewardship of the environment. He's additionally condemned acts of criminality and other forms of religious intolerance such as the aforementioned arson cases.[2]
Band[edit]
Current membersIhsahn – guitars, bass guitar, vocals, keyboards (2005–present)
Session musiciansAsgeir Mickelson – drums (2006, 2008, 2010)
Tobias Ørnes Andersen – drums (2012, 2013)
Lars K. Norberg – bass guitar (2008, 2010)
Current live membersTobias Ørnes Andersen – drums (2010–present)
Former live membersØystein Landsverk – guitars, backing vocals (2010–2014)
Tor Oddmund Suhrke – guitars, backing vocals (2010–2014)
Einar Solberg – keyboards, backing vocals (2010–2014)
Martin Skrebergene – bass guitar (2013–2014)
Baard Kolstad – drums (2013–2014)
Halvor Strand – bass guitar (2009–2011)
Rein T. Blomquist – bass guitar (2011–2013)
Discography[edit]
Studio albums[edit]
Title
Album details
Peak chart positions
Sales
NOR
[10]
US Heat
[11]
The Adversary
Released: April 10, 2006
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, LP, digital download[12]
33 —
angL
Released: May 26, 2008
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, LP, digital download[13]
– —
After
Released: January 26, 2010
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, CD+DVD, LP, digital download[14]
38 31 US: 1,350+[15][16]
Eremita
Released: June 18, 2012
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, LP, digital download[17]
– 34 US: 900+[18]
Das Seelenbrechen
Released: October 21, 2013
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, LP, digital download[19]
– — US: 720+[20]
"—" denotes a release that did not chart.
Guest appearances and session contributions[edit]
Year
Album
Notes
1995 Ildjarn – Det Frysende Nordariket session vocals on various tracks
Wongraven – Fjelltronen session synth
Zyklon-B – Blood Must Be Shed session synth and guitar
1998 Ulver – Themes from William Blake's The Marriage of Heaven and Hell guest vocals on "A Song of Liberty"
2002 Arcturus – The Sham Mirrors guest vocals on "Radical Cut"
Star of Ash – Iter.Viator various roles including guitar and bass duties
2010 Starofash – Lakhesis additional guitars
2011 Devin Townsend – Deconstruction guest vocals on "Juular"
Leprous – Bilateral guest vocals on "Thorn"
2012 Jeff Loomis – Plains of Oblivion guest vocals on "Surrender"
2013 Leprous – Coal guest vocals on "Chronic" and "Contaminate Me"
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.guitarworld.com/taxonomy/term/138
2.^ Jump up to: a b "Ihsahn Interview about Satanism". YouTube. April 29, 2007. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
3.Jump up ^ "Line 6 Artists". Line6.com. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
4.Jump up ^ "List of Notodden cultural price awards". Retrieved 2010-08-30.
5.Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
6.Jump up ^ "Thrash Hits TV: Ihsahn @ Bloodstock Open Air 2011". YouTube. August 19, 2011. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
7.Jump up ^ Full name. "Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
8.Jump up ^ "Interview: Devin Townsend". Mind Equals Blown. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
9.Jump up ^ Det svarte alvor, 1994.
10.Jump up ^ Steffen Hung. "Norwegian charts portal". Norwegiancharts.com. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
11.Jump up ^ "Ihsahn - Chart history". Billboard.com. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
12.Jump up ^ [2][dead link]
13.Jump up ^ [3][dead link]
14.Jump up ^ [4][dead link]
15.Jump up ^ "Metal By Numbers 2/3 – Debuts Mark End Of Metal’s Slow Start". Metalinsider.net. 2010-02-03. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
16.Jump up ^ "Metal By Numbers 2/10: Go To Hellbilly". Metalinsider.net. 2010-02-11. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
17.Jump up ^ [5][dead link]
18.Jump up ^ "Metal By Numbers 6/27: Is This The Worst Record We’ve Ever Covered?". Metalinsider.net. 2012-06-27. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
19.Jump up ^ [6][dead link]
20.Jump up ^ "Metal By Numbers 11/6: The Charts Doth Protest The Hero Too Much, Methinks". Metalinsider.net. 2013-11-06. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
External links[edit]
Ihsahn Official Site
Mnemosyne Productions (Production Label)
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WorldCat ·
VIAF: 76112658 ·
LCCN: no2008002944 ·
MusicBrainz: d0471ad5-6591-477c-8790-efdce698d3b6
Categories: 1975 births
Living people
Norwegian heavy metal bass guitarists
Heavy metal keyboardists
Norwegian music educators
Norwegian black metal musicians
Norwegian educators
Norwegian heavy metal guitarists
Norwegian heavy metal singers
Norwegian male singers
Norwegian rock bass guitarists
Norwegian rock guitarists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihsahn
Ihsahn
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Not to be confused with Ihsan.
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (May 2015)
Ihsahn
Ihsahn Hellfest 2010 RH 07.jpg
Ihsahn performing live at Hellfest in June 2010
Background information
Birth name
Vegard Sverre Tveitan
Born
October 10, 1975 (age 39)
Origin
Norway
Genres
Symphonic black metal, progressive metal, black metal, avant-garde metal, ambient.
Occupation(s)
Musician, songwriter, producer
Instruments
Guitar, bass, keyboards, programming, drums, vocals
Years active
1990–present
Associated acts
Emperor, Thou Shalt Suffer, Peccatum, Embryonic, Leprous
Website
Ihsahn.com
Emperorhorde.com
Notable instruments
Ibanez Joe Satriani signature model
Ibanez RGT320Q
Ibanez RG2228 Prestige
custom Ibanez RGA8
Ibanez RGD 2127Z Prestige
Ihsahn (born October 10, 1975 as Vegard Sverre Tveitan) is a Norwegian composer, multi-instrumentalist, and vocalist. He is best known for his work with Norwegian black metal band Emperor. He has appeared in Thou Shalt Suffer, played in Peccatum with his wife Ihriel (real name Heidi S. Tveitan), and now devotes himself to his solo albums.
His instructional videos on music have appeared in online publications such as Guitar World.[1] In style terms, his solo work and work with other artists have shown multiple musical forms from classical music to industrial metal to progressive metal and more. In terms of his personal beliefs, he has expressed support for Satanism and social darwinist thought while also showing respect to concepts such as meditation, stewardship of the environment, and traditional paganism as well as condemning acts of criminality and religious intolerance such as church arson.[2]
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Beliefs
3 Band
4 Discography 4.1 Studio albums
4.2 Guest appearances and session contributions
5 References
6 External links
Biography[edit]
Born in the town of Notodden, Norway, Tveitan began playing piano at seven and guitar at ten and began recording songs shortly thereafter. His influences include heavy metal, classical, ambient, and techno. He grew up on a large farm in rural Norway.
Tveitan first met his musical partner, Tomas Haugen (also known as Samoth), at the age of thirteen at a music seminar. Tveitan gained Haugen's attention with his Iron Maiden patches.[3] In 1990 Tveitan joined Haugen's band Xerasia, a death metal band where he served as guitarist and keyboardist. They eventually changed their name to Embryonic sometime that year. A four-track demo titled The Land of the Lost Souls was self-financed and released in November. In 1991 they changed their name again to Thou Shalt Suffer. Several releases under this name were produced before Haugen left the band, leaving Tveitan the sole remaining member. He continues Thou Shalt Suffer as a side project to this day.
After the departure of Haugen from Thou Shalt Suffer, the two formed Emperor, where Tveitan again took on the role of guitarist. Emperor had a much more refined black metal sound which showcased Tveitan's developing keyboard skills, a distinct feature that would appear in many of his later releases. The band at this time received much support and encouragement from black metal pioneer Euronymous and after several demos, the Emperor EP was released in 1993 to much acclaim. Shortly afterwards, band-mates Haugen, Bård Eithun (also known as Faust) and Terje Schei (also known as Tchort) were arrested and imprisoned,[citation needed] leaving Tveitan to his own devices. He retreated to a property owned by his family to compose much of what would later become Anthems to the Welkin at Dusk, which was recorded after the parole of Haugen.
In 1995 the cult album Blood Must be Shed, by Zyklon-B was released featuring members of Emperor and Satyricon; Tveitan himself played synth. In 1998 Tveitan formed, along with his wife Heidi Tveitan (AKA Ihriel), Peccatum. The project was much more experimental in nature than Emperor, and would continue on for some time after Emperor's demise in 2001. Peccatum would come to feature Tveitan's trademark synth sound as well as clean and black vocals, eventually becoming his main project until its termination on March 4, 2006.
In 1999 Emperor released IX Equilibrium, Tveitan's third studio album with the group. Two years later, in 2001, Peccatum released their second studio album, Amor Fati. In the same year, Emperor released their fourth and final studio album, Prometheus: The Discipline of Fire & Demise. 'Prometheus' was entirely composed by Tveitan and featured more complex orchestration than previous works; though significantly less synthesizers than before. It was at this time Emperor mutually decided to dissolve, leaving Tveitan and his bandmates with more time to focus on their various side projects.
In December 2002, Ihsahn won the "Notodden Kommunes Kulturpris",[4] a culture prize given by his home city, Notodden, which is populated to about 12,500 inhabitants. He won the prize because he is considered the best-known inhabitant of Notodden, a great musician, a music teacher, and he arranges a lot of concerts for unknown bands. The fact that his band sold more than 500,000 copies was also a reason for getting the prize. 2002 also saw Tveitan contribute guest vocals to the song "Radical Cut", off Arcturus' album The Sham Mirrors.
2004 saw the release of Peccatum's third and final studio album, Lost in Reverie, with an EP titled The Moribund People following the year after. On September 30, 2005, Emperor made a surprise return at Scream magazine's 15-year anniversary party in Oslo at Rockefeller, a rock concert venue. The move was kept top secret, was only known by a handful of people, and they only played three songs. This was to announce the reuniting of the band for a few shows around Europe and America in 2006, namely at Wacken and Inferno Festival.
In April 2006, Tveitan released his first solo album, The Adversary. The album was entirely composed, performed, recorded and produced by him, with the exception of drums contributed by Asgeir Mickelson, and guest vocals on the track "Homecoming" by Kristoffer Rygg of Ulver. The album showcases his progressive influences as well as heavy metal, black metal and classical music. The Adversary was recorded at Symphonique Studios in Norway and was released on his label Mnemosyne Productions, which he founded in 2003 with Ihriel. A video was made for the opening track, "Invocation".
Tveitan lent his voice in 2007 to an animated character from the Adult Swim cartoon Metalocalypse, Eric von Wiechlinghammer, in the episode "Dethfashion". He released his second studio album, titled angL, the following year, featuring Lars K. Norberg on bass, Asgeir Mickelson on drums, and guest vocals from Mikael Åkerfeldt (of Opeth) on the track "Unhealer". 2008 also saw Tveitan start a column in the magazine Guitar World, titled "Left Hand Path". In March 2009, Tveitan performed some of his solo material live for the first time, in a one-off performance opening for Opeth in Norway. He has since made many festival appearances, playing a mix of solo material and Emperor covers. Fellow Norwegians Leprous serve as his backing band.
Ihsahn performing at Hole in the Sky in August 2010
Tveitan released his third solo album, After, in January 2010. Lars K. Nordberg and Asgeir Mickelson once again contributed bass and drums, respectively, with Jørgen Munkeby (of Shining) playing saxophone on several tracks as well. Later that year, in October, a Mnemosyne web update confirmed that Ihsahn had already begun writing for a fourth solo album, and was also focusing on upgrading his studio at home.[5]
2011 was a busy year for Tveitan. Aside from making his solo debut in the US at the annual ProgPower USA metal festival in Atlanta, Georgia, he also guested on two records, co-produced one with his wife, and continued to work on his fourth solo album. Additional details on the new record following its announcement have been scarce, with no possible release date mentioned. As of an August 2011 interview with Thrash Hits TV, drums for the album have been tracked and the recording process is said to be well underway.[6] Mentioned collaborators include Jørgen Munkeby once again[7] and Devin Townsend, who in a November 2011 interview mentioned that he was "singing a song for Ihsahn's new thing", but added that he could not elaborate any more at that point in time.[8]
Beliefs[edit]
Ihsahn described himself a Satanist in the 1990s. As he explained in 1994, he considered Satanism to be hard to define, as there are different ways of Satanism, and to be more of a category the individual would have to set for themselves. He considered most other adolescents to be "soulless" people, too involved in materialistic things. He said the imprisonment of the other Emperor members had both positive and negative effects; it meant a difficult period for the band, but the imprisonment also gave them publicity and therefore more possibilities to spread their ideas. Ihsahn additionally has said he has seen no reason to be physically destructive and has had no personal connection to the church burning cases that rocked Norway.[9] In a 1994 interview, Ihsahn described a social darwinist influence on his Satanism, calling himself anti-Christian and saying it is 'not for a weak person', while also expressing respect towards European paganism, meditation, and stewardship of the environment. He's additionally condemned acts of criminality and other forms of religious intolerance such as the aforementioned arson cases.[2]
Band[edit]
Current membersIhsahn – guitars, bass guitar, vocals, keyboards (2005–present)
Session musiciansAsgeir Mickelson – drums (2006, 2008, 2010)
Tobias Ørnes Andersen – drums (2012, 2013)
Lars K. Norberg – bass guitar (2008, 2010)
Current live membersTobias Ørnes Andersen – drums (2010–present)
Former live membersØystein Landsverk – guitars, backing vocals (2010–2014)
Tor Oddmund Suhrke – guitars, backing vocals (2010–2014)
Einar Solberg – keyboards, backing vocals (2010–2014)
Martin Skrebergene – bass guitar (2013–2014)
Baard Kolstad – drums (2013–2014)
Halvor Strand – bass guitar (2009–2011)
Rein T. Blomquist – bass guitar (2011–2013)
Discography[edit]
Studio albums[edit]
Title
Album details
Peak chart positions
Sales
NOR
[10]
US Heat
[11]
The Adversary
Released: April 10, 2006
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, LP, digital download[12]
33 —
angL
Released: May 26, 2008
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, LP, digital download[13]
– —
After
Released: January 26, 2010
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, CD+DVD, LP, digital download[14]
38 31 US: 1,350+[15][16]
Eremita
Released: June 18, 2012
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, LP, digital download[17]
– 34 US: 900+[18]
Das Seelenbrechen
Released: October 21, 2013
Label: Mnemosyne, Candlelight
Formats: CD, LP, digital download[19]
– — US: 720+[20]
"—" denotes a release that did not chart.
Guest appearances and session contributions[edit]
Year
Album
Notes
1995 Ildjarn – Det Frysende Nordariket session vocals on various tracks
Wongraven – Fjelltronen session synth
Zyklon-B – Blood Must Be Shed session synth and guitar
1998 Ulver – Themes from William Blake's The Marriage of Heaven and Hell guest vocals on "A Song of Liberty"
2002 Arcturus – The Sham Mirrors guest vocals on "Radical Cut"
Star of Ash – Iter.Viator various roles including guitar and bass duties
2010 Starofash – Lakhesis additional guitars
2011 Devin Townsend – Deconstruction guest vocals on "Juular"
Leprous – Bilateral guest vocals on "Thorn"
2012 Jeff Loomis – Plains of Oblivion guest vocals on "Surrender"
2013 Leprous – Coal guest vocals on "Chronic" and "Contaminate Me"
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.guitarworld.com/taxonomy/term/138
2.^ Jump up to: a b "Ihsahn Interview about Satanism". YouTube. April 29, 2007. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
3.Jump up ^ "Line 6 Artists". Line6.com. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
4.Jump up ^ "List of Notodden cultural price awards". Retrieved 2010-08-30.
5.Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
6.Jump up ^ "Thrash Hits TV: Ihsahn @ Bloodstock Open Air 2011". YouTube. August 19, 2011. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
7.Jump up ^ Full name. "Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
8.Jump up ^ "Interview: Devin Townsend". Mind Equals Blown. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
9.Jump up ^ Det svarte alvor, 1994.
10.Jump up ^ Steffen Hung. "Norwegian charts portal". Norwegiancharts.com. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
11.Jump up ^ "Ihsahn - Chart history". Billboard.com. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
12.Jump up ^ [2][dead link]
13.Jump up ^ [3][dead link]
14.Jump up ^ [4][dead link]
15.Jump up ^ "Metal By Numbers 2/3 – Debuts Mark End Of Metal’s Slow Start". Metalinsider.net. 2010-02-03. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
16.Jump up ^ "Metal By Numbers 2/10: Go To Hellbilly". Metalinsider.net. 2010-02-11. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
17.Jump up ^ [5][dead link]
18.Jump up ^ "Metal By Numbers 6/27: Is This The Worst Record We’ve Ever Covered?". Metalinsider.net. 2012-06-27. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
19.Jump up ^ [6][dead link]
20.Jump up ^ "Metal By Numbers 11/6: The Charts Doth Protest The Hero Too Much, Methinks". Metalinsider.net. 2013-11-06. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
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Category:Norwegian Satanists
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Category:Norwegian Satanists
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Pages in category "Norwegian Satanists"
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Infernus
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Richard Ramirez
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This article is about the serial killer. For the noise musician, see Richard Ramirez (musician).
Richard Ramirez
Richard Ramirez 2007.jpg
Ramirez in 2007
Born
February 29, 1960
El Paso, Texas
Died
June 7, 2013 (aged 53)
Greenbrae, California
Cause of death
B-cell lymphoma
Other names
"The Night Stalker", "The Walk-In Killer", "The Valley Intruder"
Height
6' 1" (1.85 m)
Criminal penalty
Death penalty
Spouse(s)
Doreen Lioy (m. 1996; div. 2013)
Conviction(s)
13 counts of murder
5 counts of attempted murder
11 counts of sexual assault
14 counts of burglary
Killings
Victims
14
Span of killings
April 10, 1984 – August 24, 1985
Country
United States
State(s)
California
Date apprehended
August 31, 1985
Ricardo Leyva Muñoz Ramírez, known as Richard Ramirez (February 29, 1960 – June 7, 2013), was an American serial killer, rapist, and burglar. His highly publicized home invasion crime spree terrorized the residents of the greater Los Angeles area, and later the residents of the San Francisco area, from June 1984 until August 1985. Prior to his capture, Ramirez was dubbed the "Night Stalker" by the news media. He used a wide variety of weapons, including handguns, knives, a machete, a tire iron, and a hammer. Ramirez, who was an avowed Satanist, never expressed any remorse for his crimes. The judge who upheld his thirteen death sentences remarked that Ramirez's deeds exhibited "cruelty, callousness, and viciousness beyond any human understanding".[1] Ramirez died of complications from B-cell lymphoma while awaiting execution on California's death row.
Contents [hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Murders 2.1 "Night Stalker" crimes
3 Capture
4 Trial and conviction
5 Appeals
6 Death
7 See also
8 References
9 Bibliography
10 External links
Early life and education
Ramirez was born in El Paso, Texas, on February 29, 1960, the youngest of Julian and Mercedes Ramirez's five children.[2] His father, a Mexican national and former Juarez policeman who later became a laborer on the Santa Fe railroad,[3] was a hard-working man prone to fits of anger that often resulted in physical abuse.[4] As a child, Ramirez sustained two serious head injuries. When he was two years old a dresser fell on top of him, causing a forehead laceration requiring thirty stitches to close.[5] When he was five years old he was knocked unconscious by a swing at a park,[6] after which he experienced frequent epileptic seizures that persisted into his early teens.[7] As a twelve-year-old he was strongly influenced by his older cousin, Miguel ("Mike") Ramirez,[8] a decorated U.S. Army Green Beret combat veteran who often boasted of his gruesome exploits during the Vietnam War. He shared Polaroid photos of his victims, including Vietnamese women he had raped.[9] In some of the photos Mike posed with the severed head of a woman he had abused.[10] Ramirez, who had smoked marijuana since the age of ten, bonded with Mike over many joints and gory war stories.[11] Mike taught his young cousin some of his military skills, such as killing with stealth and surety.[12] Around this time, Ramirez began to seek escape from his father's violent temper by sleeping in a local cemetery.[12]
"Richie", as he was known to his family, was present when Mike shot his wife, Jessie, in the face with a .38 caliber revolver during a domestic argument on May 4, 1973.[13] After the murder Richie became sullen and withdrawn from his family and peers. Later that year, he moved in with his older sister Ruth and her husband, Roberto, an obsessive "peeping Tom" who took Richie along on his nocturnal exploits.[14] He began using LSD and cultivated an interest in Satanism.[15] Mike Ramirez was found not guilty of Jessie's murder by reason of insanity (with his combat record as a mitigating factor), and was released in 1977 after four years of incarceration at the Texas State Mental Hospital. His influence over Richard continued.[16][17]
The adolescent Ramirez began to meld his burgeoning sexual fantasies with violence, including forced bondage and rape.[18] While still in school, he took a job at a local Holiday Inn, where he used his passkey to rob sleeping patrons.[19] His employment ended abruptly after a hotel guest returned to his room to find Ramirez attempting to rape his wife.[20] Though the husband beat Ramirez senseless at the scene, criminal charges were dropped when the couple, who lived out of state, declined to return to testify against him.[21]
Ramirez dropped out of Jefferson High School in the ninth grade and adopted odd sleeping habits.[22][23] At the age of 22 he moved to California, where he settled permanently.[24]
Murders
On April 10, 1984, 9-year-old Mei Leung was found murdered in a hotel basement where Ramirez was living in the Tenderloin district of San Francisco. The girl had been raped, beaten and stabbed to death, and her body was found hanging from a pipe.[25] This, his first known killing, was not initially identified as being connected to the crime spree. In 2009, Ramirez's DNA was matched to DNA obtained at the crime scene.[26]
"Night Stalker" crimes
On June 28, 1984, 79-year-old Jennie Vincow was found brutally murdered in her apartment in Glassell Park.[27] She had been stabbed repeatedly while asleep in her bed, and her throat slashed so deeply that she was nearly decapitated.[28]
On March 17, 1985, Ramirez attacked 22-year-old Maria Hernandez outside her home in Rosemead, shooting her in the face with a .22 caliber handgun after she pulled into her garage.[29] She survived when the bullet ricocheted off the keys she held in her hands as she lifted them to protect herself.[30] Inside the house was her roommate, Dayle Okazaki, 34, who heard the gunshot and ducked behind a counter when she saw Ramirez enter the kitchen. When she raised her head he shot her once in the forehead, killing her.[31]
Within an hour of the Rosemead home invasion Ramirez pulled 30-year-old Tsai-Lian "Veronica" Yu out of her car in Monterey Park, shot her twice with a .22 caliber handgun, and fled.[32] She was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital.[33] The two murders (and third attempt) in a single day attracted extensive coverage from news media, who dubbed the curly-haired attacker with bulging eyes and wide-spaced, rotting teeth "The Walk-in Killer" and "The Valley Intruder".
On March 27, 1985, Ramirez entered a home that he had burgled a year earlier in Whittier at approximately 2 a.m. and killed the sleeping Vincent Zazzara, age 64, with a gunshot to his head from a .22 caliber handgun.[34] Zazzara's wife Maxine, age 44, was awakened by her husband's murder, and Ramirez beat her and bound her hands while demanding to know where her valuables were.[35] While he ransacked the room, Maxine escaped her bonds and retrieved a shotgun from under the bed, which was not loaded.[36] An infuriated Ramirez shot her three times with the .22, then fetched a large carving knife from the kitchen.[37] Her body was mutilated with multiple stab wounds, and her eyes were gouged out and placed in a jewelry box, which Ramirez left with.[37] The autopsy determined that the mutilations were post-mortem. Ramirez left footprints from a pair of Avia sneakers in the flower beds, which the police photographed and cast. This was virtually the only evidence that the police had at the time. Bullets found at the scene were matched to those found at previous attacks, and the police realized a serial killer was at large. Vincent and Maxine's bodies were discovered by their son, Peter.[38]
On May 14, 1985, Ramirez returned to Monterey Park in search of another random victim and entered the home of Bill Doi, 66, and his disabled wife Lillian, 56.[39] Surprising Doi in his bedroom, he shot him in the face with a .22 semi-automatic pistol as Doi went for his own handgun.[40] After beating the mortally wounded man into unconsciousness, Ramirez entered Lillian's bedroom, bound her with thumbcuffs, then raped her after he had ransacked the home for valuables.[41] Bill Doi died of his injuries while in the hospital.[42]
On the night of May 29, 1985, Ramirez drove a stolen Mercedes-Benz to Monrovia and stopped at the house of Mabel "Ma" Bell, 83, and her sister Florence "Nettie" Lang, 81.[43] Finding a hammer in the kitchen, he bludgeoned and bound the invalid Lang in her bedroom, then bound and bludgeoned Bell before using an electrical cord to electrically shock the woman.[44] After raping Lang, he used Mabel Bell's lipstick to draw a pentagram on her thigh, as well as one on the wall of both bedrooms.[44] Discovered two days later, both women were found alive but comatose; Bell later died of her injuries.[45][46]
The next day, he drove the same car to Burbank and sneaked into the home of Carol Kyle, 42.[47] At gunpoint, he bound Kyle and her 11-year-old son with handcuffs and ransacked the house.[48] He released Kyle to direct him to where the family's valuables were; he then sodomized her repeatedly.[49] He repeatedly ordered her not to look at him, telling her at one point that he would "cut her eyes out". He fled the scene after retrieving the child from the closet and binding the two together again with the handcuffs.[50]
On the night of July 2, 1985, he drove a stolen Toyota to Arcadia, randomly selecting the house of Mary Louise Cannon, 75.[51] After quietly entering the widowed grandmother's home, he found her asleep in her bedroom. He bludgeoned her into unconsciousness with a lamp and then repeatedly stabbed her using a 10-inch butcher knife from her kitchen. She was found dead at the crime scene.[51]
On July 5, 1985, Ramirez broke into a home in Sierra Madre and bludgeoned sixteen-year-old Whitney Bennett with a tire iron as she slept in her bedroom. After searching in vain for a knife in the kitchen, Ramirez attempted to strangle the girl with a telephone cord. He was startled to see sparks emanate from the cord, and when his victim began to breathe, he fled the house believing that Jesus Christ had intervened and saved her.[52] She survived the savage beating, which required 478 stitches to close the lacerations to her scalp.[53]
On July 7, 1985, Ramirez burglarized the home of Joyce Lucille Nelson, 61, again in Monterey Park. Finding her asleep on her living room couch, he beat her to death using his fists and kicking her head. A shoe print from an Avia sneaker was left imprinted on her face.[54] After cruising two other neighborhoods, he returned to Monterey Park and chose the home of Sophie Dickman, 63.[55] Ramirez assaulted and handcuffed Dickman at gunpoint, attempted to rape her, and stole her jewelry; when she swore to him that he had taken everything of value, he told her to "swear on Satan".[56]
On July 20, 1985, Ramirez purchased a machete before driving a stolen Toyota to Glendale.[57] He chose the home of Lela Kneiding, 66 and her husband Maxon, 68.[58] He burst into the sleeping couple's bedroom and hacked them with the machete, then killed them with shots to the head from a .22 caliber handgun.[59] He further mutilated their bodies with the machete before robbing the house of valuables.[59]
After quickly fencing the stolen items from the Kneidling residence, he drove to Sun Valley. At approximately 4:15 am, he broke into the home of the Khovananth family.[60] He murdered Chainarong Khovananth, by shooting the sleeping man in the head with a .25 caliber handgun, killing him instantly.[61] He then repeatedly raped Somkid Khovananth, beating and sodomizing her. He bound the couple's terrified eight-year-old son before dragging Somkid around the house to reveal the location of any valuable items, which he stole. During his assault he demanded that she "swear to Satan" that she was not hiding any money from him.[62]
On August 6, 1985, Ramirez drove to Northridge and broke into the home of Chris and Virginia Peterson.[63][64] Ramirez crept into the bedroom and startled Virginia, 27; he shot her in the face with a .25 caliber semi-automatic handgun.[65] He shot Chris Peterson in the temple and attempted to flee, but Peterson fought back and avoided being hit by two more shots during the struggle before Ramirez escaped.[66] The couple survived their injuries.[67]
On August 8, 1985, Ramirez drove a stolen car to Diamond Bar and chose the home of Sakina Abowath, 27, and her husband Elyas Abowath, 31.[68] Sometime after 2:30 am he entered the house and went into the master bedroom. He instantly killed the sleeping Elyas with a shot to the head from a .25 caliber handgun.[69] He handcuffed and beat Sakina while forcing her to reveal the locations of the family's jewelry, and then brutally raped and sodomized her. He repeatedly demanded that she "swore on Satan" that she wouldn't scream during his assaults.[70][71] When the couple's three-year-old son entered the bedroom, Ramirez tied the child up and then continued to rape Sakina.[72] After Ramirez left the home, Sakina untied her son and sent him to the neighbors for help.[73]
Ramirez, who had been following the media coverage of his crimes, left the Los Angeles area and headed to the San Francisco Bay area.[74] On August 18, 1985, Ramirez entered the home of Peter and Barbara Pan. Peter, aged 66, was killed in his sleep with a gunshot to his temple from a .25 caliber handgun.[75] Barbara, aged 62, was beaten and sexually violated before being shot in the head and left for dead.[76] At the crime scene Ramirez used lipstick to scrawl a pentagram and the phrase "Jack the Knife" on the bedroom wall.[76]
When it was discovered that the ballistic and shoe print evidence from the Night Stalker crime scenes matched the Pan crime scene, then-mayor of San Francisco Dianne Feinstein divulged the information in a televised press conference.[77] This leak infuriated the detectives in the case, as they knew that the killer would be following media coverage and have an opportunity to destroy crucial forensic evidence.[77] Ramirez, who had indeed been watching the press, dropped his size 11 1/2 Avia sneakers over the side of the Golden Gate Bridge that night.[78] He remained in the area for a few more days before heading back to the L.A. area.[78]
On August 24, 1985, Ramirez traveled 76 miles south of Los Angeles in a stolen orange Toyota to Mission Viejo, and broke into the house of Bill Carns, 30, and his fiancée, Inez Erickson, 29,[79] through a back door.[80] Ramirez entered the bedroom of the sleeping couple and awakened Carns when he cocked his .25 caliber handgun. He shot Carns three times in the head before turning his attention to Erickson. Ramirez told the terrified woman that he was "The Night Stalker" and forced her to swear she loved Satan as he beat her with his fists and bound her with neckties from the closet.[81] After stealing what he could find, he dragged Erickson to another room to rape and sodomize her. He then demanded cash and more jewelry, making Erickson "swear on Satan" there was no more. Before leaving the home Ramirez told Erickson, "Tell them the Night Stalker was here."[82] As he left in the Toyota, thirteen-year-old neighbor James Romero III noticed the same "weird-looking guy in black" that he had seen earlier in the night and thought suspicious, and he decided to write down as much of the license plate as he could.[83] Inez Erickson untied herself and went to a neighbor's house to get help for her severely injured fiancé. Surgeons were able to remove two of the bullets from his head, and he survived his injuries.[84]
When news of the attack broke, Romero told his parents about the strange man in the orange Toyota, and they immediately contacted the police and provided the partial license plate number.[84] Erickson was able to give a detailed description of the assailant to investigators.[85] The stolen car was found on August 28 in Wilshire, and police were able to obtain a single fingerprint from the rear view mirror despite Ramirez's careful efforts to wipe the car clean of his prints.[84] The print was positively identified as belonging to Richard Muñoz Ramirez, who was described as a 25-year-old drifter from Texas with a long rap sheet that included many arrests for traffic and illegal drug violations.[86] Law enforcement officials decided to release a mug shot of Ramirez from a December 12, 1984, arrest (photo, below right) for car theft to the media, and "The Night Stalker" finally had a face.[87] At the police press conference it was announced: "We know who you are now, and soon everyone else will. There will be no place you can hide."[88]
Capture
Ramirez was 24 years old when he began his serial murders. This mugshot of Ramirez, taken on December 12, 1984, after an arrest for car theft, directly led to his apprehension.[87]
On August 30, 1985, Ramirez took a bus to Tucson, Arizona, to visit his brother, unaware that he had become the lead story in virtually every major newspaper and television news program across the state of California.[89][90] After failing to meet his brother, he returned to Los Angeles early on the morning of August 31. He walked past officers who were staking out the bus terminal in hopes of catching the killer should he attempt to flee on an outbound bus. He walked a few blocks to a convenience store in East Los Angeles. After noticing a group of elderly Mexican women fearfully identifying him as "El Matador" (or "The Killer"), Ramirez saw his face on the covers on the newspaper rack and fled the store in a panic.[91] After running across the Santa Ana Freeway, he attempted to carjack a woman, but was chased away by bystanders, who pursued him.[92] After hopping over several fences and attempting two more carjackings, he was eventually subdued by a group of residents, one of whom had struck him over the head with a metal bar in the pursuit. The group held him until police arrived and took Ramirez into custody.[93]
Trial and conviction
Jury selection for the case started on July 22, 1988. At his first court appearance, Ramirez raised a hand with a pentagram drawn on it and yelled "Hail Satan".[94] On August 3, 1988, the Los Angeles Times reported that some jail employees overheard Ramirez planning to shoot the prosecutor with a gun, which Ramirez intended to have smuggled into the courtroom.[95] Consequently, a metal detector was installed outside the courtroom and intensive searches were conducted on people entering. On August 14, the trial was interrupted because one of the jurors, Phyllis Singletary, did not arrive at the courtroom. Later that day, she was found shot to death in her apartment. The jury was terrified; they could not help wondering if Ramirez had somehow directed this event from inside his prison cell, and if he could reach other jury members. However, Ramirez was not responsible for Singletary's death; she had been shot and killed by her boyfriend, who later committed suicide with the same weapon in a hotel.[96] The alternate juror who replaced Singletary was too frightened to return to her home.
On September 20, 1989, Ramirez was convicted of all charges: 13 counts of murder, 5 attempted murders, 11 sexual assaults and 14 burglaries.[97] During the penalty phase of the trial on November 7, 1989, he was sentenced to die in California's gas chamber.[98] He stated to reporters after the death sentences, "Big deal. Death always went with the territory. See you in Disneyland."[99]
The trial cost $1.8 million, which at the time made it the most expensive in the history of California, until surpassed by the O. J. Simpson murder case in 1994.[100]
By the time of the trial, Ramirez had fans who were writing him letters and paying him visits.[101] Beginning in 1985, freelance magazine editor Doreen Lioy[102] wrote him nearly 75 letters during his incarceration. In 1988, he proposed to her, and on October 3, 1996, they were married in California's San Quentin State Prison.[103] For many years before Ramirez's death, Lioy stated that she would commit suicide when Ramirez was executed. However, Doreen Lioy and Richard Ramirez eventually separated. By some estimates, he would have been in his early seventies before his execution was carried out, due to the lengthy California appeals process.[104]
Appeals
On August 7, 2006, his first round of state appeals ended unsuccessfully when the California Supreme Court upheld his convictions and death sentence. On September 7, 2006, the California Supreme Court denied his request for a rehearing.[105] Ramirez had appeals pending until the time of his death.[106]
Death
Ramirez died of complications secondary to B-cell lymphoma at Marin General Hospital in Greenbrae, California, at 9:10 a.m. on June 7, 2013.[94][107][108] Ramirez had also been suffering from the effects of "chronic substance abuse and chronic hepatitis C viral infection".[107] At 53 years old, Ramirez had been on death row for more than 23 years awaiting execution.
See also
Capital punishment in California
Crime in California
References
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73.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 145.
74.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 153.
75.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 154–155.
76.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 155.
77.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 157.
78.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 158.
79.Jump up ^ Lindgren, Kristina (August 25, 1986). "Shattered Dreams: 'Night Stalker' Victim Fights to Regain His Memory, Rebuild Life a Year After Attack". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
80.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 160–162.
81.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 162–163.
82.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 163.
83.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 161, 164.
84.^ Jump up to: a b c Carlo 1996, p. 164.
85.Jump up ^ Anthony Bruno. "The Night Stalker: Serial Killer Richard Ramirez ( "I Love Satan")". Crime Library. Turner Entertainment Networks, Inc. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
86.Jump up ^ "Crime File – Famous criminal: Richard Ramirez: The Night Stalker". Crime and investigation network UK. AETN UK. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
87.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 172.
88.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 173.
89.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 174.
90.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 245.
91.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 246–247.
92.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 247–249.
93.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 252.
94.^ Jump up to: a b Deutsch, Linda; Don Thompson (July 7, 2013). "Calif. serial killer Richard Ramirez dies". The Big Story. The Associated Press. Retrieved 2013-06-07.
95.Jump up ^ Chen, Edwin (August 3, 1988). "Night Stalker Prosecutor Tells of Death Threat". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2007-09-17.
96.Jump up ^ Katherine Ramsland, PhD. "The Night Stalker: Serial Killer Richard Ramirez (The Los Angeles Trial)". Crime Library. Turner Entertainment Networks. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
97.Jump up ^ Chen, Edwin (September 21, 1989). "Ramirez Guilty on All Night Stalker Murder Charges". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2007-09-17.
98.Jump up ^ Charles Montaldo. "The End of the Night Stalker – Richard Ramirez" (ARTICLE). About.com. The New York Times Company. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
99.Jump up ^ "US serial killer Richard Ramirez dies in hospital". The Guardian. Associated Press. 2013-06-07. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
100.Jump up ^ Greg Botelho (June 9, 2013). "Serial killer, rapist Richard Ramirez -- known as 'Night Stalker' -- dead at 53". CNN. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
101.Jump up ^ Peter Fimrite, Michael Taylor (March 27, 2005). "No shortage of women who dream of snaring a husband on Death Row". San Francisco Chronicle. Hearst Communications Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
102.Jump up ^ "The Night Stalker's wife". CNN. Cable News Network, Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
103.Jump up ^ Anthony Bruno. "The Night Stalker: "Satanists Don't Wear Gold" (The marriage of Richard Ramirez and Doreen Lioy)". Crime Library. Turner Entertainment Networks, Inc. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
104.Jump up ^ Barnes, Ed (March 22, 2010). "In California, Killers Sit on 'Symbolic' Death Row for Decades, Costing Billions". Fox News.
105.Jump up ^ "Supreme Court Minutes Wednesday, September 27, 2006, San Francisco, California" (PDF).
106.Jump up ^ "California’s ‘Night Stalker’ serial killer Richard Ramirez dies after decades on death row". The Washington Post. June 7, 2013.
107.^ Jump up to: a b Winton, Richard (June 17, 2013). "'Night Stalker' Richard Ramirez died of complications from lymphoma". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
108.Jump up ^ Lloyd, Jonathan (June 7, 2013). ""Night Stalker" Richard Ramirez Dies". 4 NBC Southern California. Retrieved 2013-06-07.
Bibliography
Carlo, Philip (1996). The Night Stalker: The Life and Crimes of Richard Ramirez (Paperback ed.). New York, New York: Kensington Publishing Corp. ISBN 978-0-786-00379-2.
Foreman, Laura; The editors of Time-Life Books (1992). Serial Killers – True Crime (Hardcover ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books. ISBN 978-0-7835-0001-0.
External links
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Richard Ramirez
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Richard Ramirez.
Crime Library: The Night Stalker
Interview with Stela Vasques, Supporter and Friend of Serial Killer Richard Ramirez, "The Night Stalker"
History Channel: Richard Ramirez, the Night Stalker
Manhunt: Search for the Night Stalker at the Internet Movie Database, a 1989 TV movie
TruTv entry on Ramirez
Authority control
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VIAF: 6983777 ·
LCCN: no96022373
Categories: 1960 births
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Ramirez
Richard Ramirez
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This article is about the serial killer. For the noise musician, see Richard Ramirez (musician).
Richard Ramirez
Richard Ramirez 2007.jpg
Ramirez in 2007
Born
February 29, 1960
El Paso, Texas
Died
June 7, 2013 (aged 53)
Greenbrae, California
Cause of death
B-cell lymphoma
Other names
"The Night Stalker", "The Walk-In Killer", "The Valley Intruder"
Height
6' 1" (1.85 m)
Criminal penalty
Death penalty
Spouse(s)
Doreen Lioy (m. 1996; div. 2013)
Conviction(s)
13 counts of murder
5 counts of attempted murder
11 counts of sexual assault
14 counts of burglary
Killings
Victims
14
Span of killings
April 10, 1984 – August 24, 1985
Country
United States
State(s)
California
Date apprehended
August 31, 1985
Ricardo Leyva Muñoz Ramírez, known as Richard Ramirez (February 29, 1960 – June 7, 2013), was an American serial killer, rapist, and burglar. His highly publicized home invasion crime spree terrorized the residents of the greater Los Angeles area, and later the residents of the San Francisco area, from June 1984 until August 1985. Prior to his capture, Ramirez was dubbed the "Night Stalker" by the news media. He used a wide variety of weapons, including handguns, knives, a machete, a tire iron, and a hammer. Ramirez, who was an avowed Satanist, never expressed any remorse for his crimes. The judge who upheld his thirteen death sentences remarked that Ramirez's deeds exhibited "cruelty, callousness, and viciousness beyond any human understanding".[1] Ramirez died of complications from B-cell lymphoma while awaiting execution on California's death row.
Contents [hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Murders 2.1 "Night Stalker" crimes
3 Capture
4 Trial and conviction
5 Appeals
6 Death
7 See also
8 References
9 Bibliography
10 External links
Early life and education
Ramirez was born in El Paso, Texas, on February 29, 1960, the youngest of Julian and Mercedes Ramirez's five children.[2] His father, a Mexican national and former Juarez policeman who later became a laborer on the Santa Fe railroad,[3] was a hard-working man prone to fits of anger that often resulted in physical abuse.[4] As a child, Ramirez sustained two serious head injuries. When he was two years old a dresser fell on top of him, causing a forehead laceration requiring thirty stitches to close.[5] When he was five years old he was knocked unconscious by a swing at a park,[6] after which he experienced frequent epileptic seizures that persisted into his early teens.[7] As a twelve-year-old he was strongly influenced by his older cousin, Miguel ("Mike") Ramirez,[8] a decorated U.S. Army Green Beret combat veteran who often boasted of his gruesome exploits during the Vietnam War. He shared Polaroid photos of his victims, including Vietnamese women he had raped.[9] In some of the photos Mike posed with the severed head of a woman he had abused.[10] Ramirez, who had smoked marijuana since the age of ten, bonded with Mike over many joints and gory war stories.[11] Mike taught his young cousin some of his military skills, such as killing with stealth and surety.[12] Around this time, Ramirez began to seek escape from his father's violent temper by sleeping in a local cemetery.[12]
"Richie", as he was known to his family, was present when Mike shot his wife, Jessie, in the face with a .38 caliber revolver during a domestic argument on May 4, 1973.[13] After the murder Richie became sullen and withdrawn from his family and peers. Later that year, he moved in with his older sister Ruth and her husband, Roberto, an obsessive "peeping Tom" who took Richie along on his nocturnal exploits.[14] He began using LSD and cultivated an interest in Satanism.[15] Mike Ramirez was found not guilty of Jessie's murder by reason of insanity (with his combat record as a mitigating factor), and was released in 1977 after four years of incarceration at the Texas State Mental Hospital. His influence over Richard continued.[16][17]
The adolescent Ramirez began to meld his burgeoning sexual fantasies with violence, including forced bondage and rape.[18] While still in school, he took a job at a local Holiday Inn, where he used his passkey to rob sleeping patrons.[19] His employment ended abruptly after a hotel guest returned to his room to find Ramirez attempting to rape his wife.[20] Though the husband beat Ramirez senseless at the scene, criminal charges were dropped when the couple, who lived out of state, declined to return to testify against him.[21]
Ramirez dropped out of Jefferson High School in the ninth grade and adopted odd sleeping habits.[22][23] At the age of 22 he moved to California, where he settled permanently.[24]
Murders
On April 10, 1984, 9-year-old Mei Leung was found murdered in a hotel basement where Ramirez was living in the Tenderloin district of San Francisco. The girl had been raped, beaten and stabbed to death, and her body was found hanging from a pipe.[25] This, his first known killing, was not initially identified as being connected to the crime spree. In 2009, Ramirez's DNA was matched to DNA obtained at the crime scene.[26]
"Night Stalker" crimes
On June 28, 1984, 79-year-old Jennie Vincow was found brutally murdered in her apartment in Glassell Park.[27] She had been stabbed repeatedly while asleep in her bed, and her throat slashed so deeply that she was nearly decapitated.[28]
On March 17, 1985, Ramirez attacked 22-year-old Maria Hernandez outside her home in Rosemead, shooting her in the face with a .22 caliber handgun after she pulled into her garage.[29] She survived when the bullet ricocheted off the keys she held in her hands as she lifted them to protect herself.[30] Inside the house was her roommate, Dayle Okazaki, 34, who heard the gunshot and ducked behind a counter when she saw Ramirez enter the kitchen. When she raised her head he shot her once in the forehead, killing her.[31]
Within an hour of the Rosemead home invasion Ramirez pulled 30-year-old Tsai-Lian "Veronica" Yu out of her car in Monterey Park, shot her twice with a .22 caliber handgun, and fled.[32] She was pronounced dead on arrival at the hospital.[33] The two murders (and third attempt) in a single day attracted extensive coverage from news media, who dubbed the curly-haired attacker with bulging eyes and wide-spaced, rotting teeth "The Walk-in Killer" and "The Valley Intruder".
On March 27, 1985, Ramirez entered a home that he had burgled a year earlier in Whittier at approximately 2 a.m. and killed the sleeping Vincent Zazzara, age 64, with a gunshot to his head from a .22 caliber handgun.[34] Zazzara's wife Maxine, age 44, was awakened by her husband's murder, and Ramirez beat her and bound her hands while demanding to know where her valuables were.[35] While he ransacked the room, Maxine escaped her bonds and retrieved a shotgun from under the bed, which was not loaded.[36] An infuriated Ramirez shot her three times with the .22, then fetched a large carving knife from the kitchen.[37] Her body was mutilated with multiple stab wounds, and her eyes were gouged out and placed in a jewelry box, which Ramirez left with.[37] The autopsy determined that the mutilations were post-mortem. Ramirez left footprints from a pair of Avia sneakers in the flower beds, which the police photographed and cast. This was virtually the only evidence that the police had at the time. Bullets found at the scene were matched to those found at previous attacks, and the police realized a serial killer was at large. Vincent and Maxine's bodies were discovered by their son, Peter.[38]
On May 14, 1985, Ramirez returned to Monterey Park in search of another random victim and entered the home of Bill Doi, 66, and his disabled wife Lillian, 56.[39] Surprising Doi in his bedroom, he shot him in the face with a .22 semi-automatic pistol as Doi went for his own handgun.[40] After beating the mortally wounded man into unconsciousness, Ramirez entered Lillian's bedroom, bound her with thumbcuffs, then raped her after he had ransacked the home for valuables.[41] Bill Doi died of his injuries while in the hospital.[42]
On the night of May 29, 1985, Ramirez drove a stolen Mercedes-Benz to Monrovia and stopped at the house of Mabel "Ma" Bell, 83, and her sister Florence "Nettie" Lang, 81.[43] Finding a hammer in the kitchen, he bludgeoned and bound the invalid Lang in her bedroom, then bound and bludgeoned Bell before using an electrical cord to electrically shock the woman.[44] After raping Lang, he used Mabel Bell's lipstick to draw a pentagram on her thigh, as well as one on the wall of both bedrooms.[44] Discovered two days later, both women were found alive but comatose; Bell later died of her injuries.[45][46]
The next day, he drove the same car to Burbank and sneaked into the home of Carol Kyle, 42.[47] At gunpoint, he bound Kyle and her 11-year-old son with handcuffs and ransacked the house.[48] He released Kyle to direct him to where the family's valuables were; he then sodomized her repeatedly.[49] He repeatedly ordered her not to look at him, telling her at one point that he would "cut her eyes out". He fled the scene after retrieving the child from the closet and binding the two together again with the handcuffs.[50]
On the night of July 2, 1985, he drove a stolen Toyota to Arcadia, randomly selecting the house of Mary Louise Cannon, 75.[51] After quietly entering the widowed grandmother's home, he found her asleep in her bedroom. He bludgeoned her into unconsciousness with a lamp and then repeatedly stabbed her using a 10-inch butcher knife from her kitchen. She was found dead at the crime scene.[51]
On July 5, 1985, Ramirez broke into a home in Sierra Madre and bludgeoned sixteen-year-old Whitney Bennett with a tire iron as she slept in her bedroom. After searching in vain for a knife in the kitchen, Ramirez attempted to strangle the girl with a telephone cord. He was startled to see sparks emanate from the cord, and when his victim began to breathe, he fled the house believing that Jesus Christ had intervened and saved her.[52] She survived the savage beating, which required 478 stitches to close the lacerations to her scalp.[53]
On July 7, 1985, Ramirez burglarized the home of Joyce Lucille Nelson, 61, again in Monterey Park. Finding her asleep on her living room couch, he beat her to death using his fists and kicking her head. A shoe print from an Avia sneaker was left imprinted on her face.[54] After cruising two other neighborhoods, he returned to Monterey Park and chose the home of Sophie Dickman, 63.[55] Ramirez assaulted and handcuffed Dickman at gunpoint, attempted to rape her, and stole her jewelry; when she swore to him that he had taken everything of value, he told her to "swear on Satan".[56]
On July 20, 1985, Ramirez purchased a machete before driving a stolen Toyota to Glendale.[57] He chose the home of Lela Kneiding, 66 and her husband Maxon, 68.[58] He burst into the sleeping couple's bedroom and hacked them with the machete, then killed them with shots to the head from a .22 caliber handgun.[59] He further mutilated their bodies with the machete before robbing the house of valuables.[59]
After quickly fencing the stolen items from the Kneidling residence, he drove to Sun Valley. At approximately 4:15 am, he broke into the home of the Khovananth family.[60] He murdered Chainarong Khovananth, by shooting the sleeping man in the head with a .25 caliber handgun, killing him instantly.[61] He then repeatedly raped Somkid Khovananth, beating and sodomizing her. He bound the couple's terrified eight-year-old son before dragging Somkid around the house to reveal the location of any valuable items, which he stole. During his assault he demanded that she "swear to Satan" that she was not hiding any money from him.[62]
On August 6, 1985, Ramirez drove to Northridge and broke into the home of Chris and Virginia Peterson.[63][64] Ramirez crept into the bedroom and startled Virginia, 27; he shot her in the face with a .25 caliber semi-automatic handgun.[65] He shot Chris Peterson in the temple and attempted to flee, but Peterson fought back and avoided being hit by two more shots during the struggle before Ramirez escaped.[66] The couple survived their injuries.[67]
On August 8, 1985, Ramirez drove a stolen car to Diamond Bar and chose the home of Sakina Abowath, 27, and her husband Elyas Abowath, 31.[68] Sometime after 2:30 am he entered the house and went into the master bedroom. He instantly killed the sleeping Elyas with a shot to the head from a .25 caliber handgun.[69] He handcuffed and beat Sakina while forcing her to reveal the locations of the family's jewelry, and then brutally raped and sodomized her. He repeatedly demanded that she "swore on Satan" that she wouldn't scream during his assaults.[70][71] When the couple's three-year-old son entered the bedroom, Ramirez tied the child up and then continued to rape Sakina.[72] After Ramirez left the home, Sakina untied her son and sent him to the neighbors for help.[73]
Ramirez, who had been following the media coverage of his crimes, left the Los Angeles area and headed to the San Francisco Bay area.[74] On August 18, 1985, Ramirez entered the home of Peter and Barbara Pan. Peter, aged 66, was killed in his sleep with a gunshot to his temple from a .25 caliber handgun.[75] Barbara, aged 62, was beaten and sexually violated before being shot in the head and left for dead.[76] At the crime scene Ramirez used lipstick to scrawl a pentagram and the phrase "Jack the Knife" on the bedroom wall.[76]
When it was discovered that the ballistic and shoe print evidence from the Night Stalker crime scenes matched the Pan crime scene, then-mayor of San Francisco Dianne Feinstein divulged the information in a televised press conference.[77] This leak infuriated the detectives in the case, as they knew that the killer would be following media coverage and have an opportunity to destroy crucial forensic evidence.[77] Ramirez, who had indeed been watching the press, dropped his size 11 1/2 Avia sneakers over the side of the Golden Gate Bridge that night.[78] He remained in the area for a few more days before heading back to the L.A. area.[78]
On August 24, 1985, Ramirez traveled 76 miles south of Los Angeles in a stolen orange Toyota to Mission Viejo, and broke into the house of Bill Carns, 30, and his fiancée, Inez Erickson, 29,[79] through a back door.[80] Ramirez entered the bedroom of the sleeping couple and awakened Carns when he cocked his .25 caliber handgun. He shot Carns three times in the head before turning his attention to Erickson. Ramirez told the terrified woman that he was "The Night Stalker" and forced her to swear she loved Satan as he beat her with his fists and bound her with neckties from the closet.[81] After stealing what he could find, he dragged Erickson to another room to rape and sodomize her. He then demanded cash and more jewelry, making Erickson "swear on Satan" there was no more. Before leaving the home Ramirez told Erickson, "Tell them the Night Stalker was here."[82] As he left in the Toyota, thirteen-year-old neighbor James Romero III noticed the same "weird-looking guy in black" that he had seen earlier in the night and thought suspicious, and he decided to write down as much of the license plate as he could.[83] Inez Erickson untied herself and went to a neighbor's house to get help for her severely injured fiancé. Surgeons were able to remove two of the bullets from his head, and he survived his injuries.[84]
When news of the attack broke, Romero told his parents about the strange man in the orange Toyota, and they immediately contacted the police and provided the partial license plate number.[84] Erickson was able to give a detailed description of the assailant to investigators.[85] The stolen car was found on August 28 in Wilshire, and police were able to obtain a single fingerprint from the rear view mirror despite Ramirez's careful efforts to wipe the car clean of his prints.[84] The print was positively identified as belonging to Richard Muñoz Ramirez, who was described as a 25-year-old drifter from Texas with a long rap sheet that included many arrests for traffic and illegal drug violations.[86] Law enforcement officials decided to release a mug shot of Ramirez from a December 12, 1984, arrest (photo, below right) for car theft to the media, and "The Night Stalker" finally had a face.[87] At the police press conference it was announced: "We know who you are now, and soon everyone else will. There will be no place you can hide."[88]
Capture
Ramirez was 24 years old when he began his serial murders. This mugshot of Ramirez, taken on December 12, 1984, after an arrest for car theft, directly led to his apprehension.[87]
On August 30, 1985, Ramirez took a bus to Tucson, Arizona, to visit his brother, unaware that he had become the lead story in virtually every major newspaper and television news program across the state of California.[89][90] After failing to meet his brother, he returned to Los Angeles early on the morning of August 31. He walked past officers who were staking out the bus terminal in hopes of catching the killer should he attempt to flee on an outbound bus. He walked a few blocks to a convenience store in East Los Angeles. After noticing a group of elderly Mexican women fearfully identifying him as "El Matador" (or "The Killer"), Ramirez saw his face on the covers on the newspaper rack and fled the store in a panic.[91] After running across the Santa Ana Freeway, he attempted to carjack a woman, but was chased away by bystanders, who pursued him.[92] After hopping over several fences and attempting two more carjackings, he was eventually subdued by a group of residents, one of whom had struck him over the head with a metal bar in the pursuit. The group held him until police arrived and took Ramirez into custody.[93]
Trial and conviction
Jury selection for the case started on July 22, 1988. At his first court appearance, Ramirez raised a hand with a pentagram drawn on it and yelled "Hail Satan".[94] On August 3, 1988, the Los Angeles Times reported that some jail employees overheard Ramirez planning to shoot the prosecutor with a gun, which Ramirez intended to have smuggled into the courtroom.[95] Consequently, a metal detector was installed outside the courtroom and intensive searches were conducted on people entering. On August 14, the trial was interrupted because one of the jurors, Phyllis Singletary, did not arrive at the courtroom. Later that day, she was found shot to death in her apartment. The jury was terrified; they could not help wondering if Ramirez had somehow directed this event from inside his prison cell, and if he could reach other jury members. However, Ramirez was not responsible for Singletary's death; she had been shot and killed by her boyfriend, who later committed suicide with the same weapon in a hotel.[96] The alternate juror who replaced Singletary was too frightened to return to her home.
On September 20, 1989, Ramirez was convicted of all charges: 13 counts of murder, 5 attempted murders, 11 sexual assaults and 14 burglaries.[97] During the penalty phase of the trial on November 7, 1989, he was sentenced to die in California's gas chamber.[98] He stated to reporters after the death sentences, "Big deal. Death always went with the territory. See you in Disneyland."[99]
The trial cost $1.8 million, which at the time made it the most expensive in the history of California, until surpassed by the O. J. Simpson murder case in 1994.[100]
By the time of the trial, Ramirez had fans who were writing him letters and paying him visits.[101] Beginning in 1985, freelance magazine editor Doreen Lioy[102] wrote him nearly 75 letters during his incarceration. In 1988, he proposed to her, and on October 3, 1996, they were married in California's San Quentin State Prison.[103] For many years before Ramirez's death, Lioy stated that she would commit suicide when Ramirez was executed. However, Doreen Lioy and Richard Ramirez eventually separated. By some estimates, he would have been in his early seventies before his execution was carried out, due to the lengthy California appeals process.[104]
Appeals
On August 7, 2006, his first round of state appeals ended unsuccessfully when the California Supreme Court upheld his convictions and death sentence. On September 7, 2006, the California Supreme Court denied his request for a rehearing.[105] Ramirez had appeals pending until the time of his death.[106]
Death
Ramirez died of complications secondary to B-cell lymphoma at Marin General Hospital in Greenbrae, California, at 9:10 a.m. on June 7, 2013.[94][107][108] Ramirez had also been suffering from the effects of "chronic substance abuse and chronic hepatitis C viral infection".[107] At 53 years old, Ramirez had been on death row for more than 23 years awaiting execution.
See also
Capital punishment in California
Crime in California
References
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22.Jump up ^ Valdez, Diana Washington (2013-06-08). "El Paso relatives of 'Night Stalker' Richard Ramirez react to his death". El Paso Times. Retrieved 2013-11-05.
23.Jump up ^ Richard Ramirez, the Night Stalker — 'A Good Boy' — Crime Library on truTV.com
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25.Jump up ^ Van Derbeken, Jaxon (October 23, 2009). "'Night Stalker' tied to slaying of S.F. girl". San Francisco Chronicle (SFGate).
26.Jump up ^ Vives, Ruben (October 23, 2009). "San Francisco police link 'Night Stalker' Richard Ramirez to girl's 1984 slaying". Los Angeles Times.
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38.Jump up ^ Anthony Bruno. "The Night Stalker: Serial Killer Richard Ramirez ("If You Look At Me Again, I'll Shoot You!")". Crime Library. Turner Entertainment Networks, Inc. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
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59.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 121.
60.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 121–122.
61.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 123.
62.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 123–125.
63.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 513.
64.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 135.
65.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 136.
66.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 136–137.
67.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 137.
68.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 139–140.
69.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 140–141.
70.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 141–142.
71.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 147.
72.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 143.
73.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 145.
74.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 153.
75.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 154–155.
76.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 155.
77.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 157.
78.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 158.
79.Jump up ^ Lindgren, Kristina (August 25, 1986). "Shattered Dreams: 'Night Stalker' Victim Fights to Regain His Memory, Rebuild Life a Year After Attack". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
80.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 160–162.
81.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 162–163.
82.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 163.
83.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 161, 164.
84.^ Jump up to: a b c Carlo 1996, p. 164.
85.Jump up ^ Anthony Bruno. "The Night Stalker: Serial Killer Richard Ramirez ( "I Love Satan")". Crime Library. Turner Entertainment Networks, Inc. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
86.Jump up ^ "Crime File – Famous criminal: Richard Ramirez: The Night Stalker". Crime and investigation network UK. AETN UK. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
87.^ Jump up to: a b Carlo 1996, p. 172.
88.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 173.
89.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 174.
90.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 245.
91.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 246–247.
92.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, pp. 247–249.
93.Jump up ^ Carlo 1996, p. 252.
94.^ Jump up to: a b Deutsch, Linda; Don Thompson (July 7, 2013). "Calif. serial killer Richard Ramirez dies". The Big Story. The Associated Press. Retrieved 2013-06-07.
95.Jump up ^ Chen, Edwin (August 3, 1988). "Night Stalker Prosecutor Tells of Death Threat". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2007-09-17.
96.Jump up ^ Katherine Ramsland, PhD. "The Night Stalker: Serial Killer Richard Ramirez (The Los Angeles Trial)". Crime Library. Turner Entertainment Networks. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
97.Jump up ^ Chen, Edwin (September 21, 1989). "Ramirez Guilty on All Night Stalker Murder Charges". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2007-09-17.
98.Jump up ^ Charles Montaldo. "The End of the Night Stalker – Richard Ramirez" (ARTICLE). About.com. The New York Times Company. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
99.Jump up ^ "US serial killer Richard Ramirez dies in hospital". The Guardian. Associated Press. 2013-06-07. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
100.Jump up ^ Greg Botelho (June 9, 2013). "Serial killer, rapist Richard Ramirez -- known as 'Night Stalker' -- dead at 53". CNN. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
101.Jump up ^ Peter Fimrite, Michael Taylor (March 27, 2005). "No shortage of women who dream of snaring a husband on Death Row". San Francisco Chronicle. Hearst Communications Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
102.Jump up ^ "The Night Stalker's wife". CNN. Cable News Network, Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
103.Jump up ^ Anthony Bruno. "The Night Stalker: "Satanists Don't Wear Gold" (The marriage of Richard Ramirez and Doreen Lioy)". Crime Library. Turner Entertainment Networks, Inc. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
104.Jump up ^ Barnes, Ed (March 22, 2010). "In California, Killers Sit on 'Symbolic' Death Row for Decades, Costing Billions". Fox News.
105.Jump up ^ "Supreme Court Minutes Wednesday, September 27, 2006, San Francisco, California" (PDF).
106.Jump up ^ "California’s ‘Night Stalker’ serial killer Richard Ramirez dies after decades on death row". The Washington Post. June 7, 2013.
107.^ Jump up to: a b Winton, Richard (June 17, 2013). "'Night Stalker' Richard Ramirez died of complications from lymphoma". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
108.Jump up ^ Lloyd, Jonathan (June 7, 2013). ""Night Stalker" Richard Ramirez Dies". 4 NBC Southern California. Retrieved 2013-06-07.
Bibliography
Carlo, Philip (1996). The Night Stalker: The Life and Crimes of Richard Ramirez (Paperback ed.). New York, New York: Kensington Publishing Corp. ISBN 978-0-786-00379-2.
Foreman, Laura; The editors of Time-Life Books (1992). Serial Killers – True Crime (Hardcover ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books. ISBN 978-0-7835-0001-0.
External links
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Richard Ramirez
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Richard Ramirez.
Crime Library: The Night Stalker
Interview with Stela Vasques, Supporter and Friend of Serial Killer Richard Ramirez, "The Night Stalker"
History Channel: Richard Ramirez, the Night Stalker
Manhunt: Search for the Night Stalker at the Internet Movie Database, a 1989 TV movie
TruTv entry on Ramirez
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Boyd Rice
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[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.
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Boyd Rice
Birth name
Boyd Blake Rice
Also known as
NON
Born
December 16, 1956 (age 58)
Lemon Grove, California, United States
Origin
Denver, Colorado, United States
Genres
Experimental, noise, industrial, drone, neofolk
Occupation(s)
Composer, author
Instruments
Tape machines, turntables
Years active
1975–present
Labels
Mute
Associated acts
Fad Gadget, Daniel Miller, Scorpion Wind, Death in June, Rose McDowall, Current 93, Adam Parfrey, Albin Julius, Radio Werewolf
Website
boydrice.com
Boyd Blake Rice (born December 16, 1956) is an American experimental sound/noise musician using the name of NON since the mid-1970s, archivist, actor, photographer, author, member of the Partridge Family Temple religious group, co-founder of the UNPOP art movement and current staff writer for Modern Drunkard magazine.[1]
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Music 2.1 Early sound experiments
2.2 Techniques and implementations
2.3 NON
2.4 Crowd control
3 Art
4 Photography
5 Writings
6 Controversy
7 Discography
8 Films
9 Performance
10 Print
11 References
12 Further Reading
Biography[edit]
Rice became widely known through his involvement in V. Vale's RE/Search books. He is profiled in RE/Search #6/7: Industrial Culture Handbook[2] and Pranks!.[3] In Pranks, Rice described his experience in 1976 when he tried to give President Ford's wife, Betty Ford, a skinned sheep's head on a silver platter. In this interview, he emphasized the consensus nature of reality and the havoc that can be wreaked by refusing to play by the collective rules that dictate most people's perception of the external world.
In the mid-1980s Rice became close friends with Anton LaVey, founder and High Priest of the Church of Satan, and was made a Priest, then later a Magister in the Council of Nine of the Church. The two admired much of the same music and shared a similar misanthropic outlook. Each had been inspired by Might Is Right in fashioning various works: LaVey in his seminal Satanic Bible and Rice in several recordings.
Rice's Social Darwinist outlook eventually led to him founding the Social Darwinist think tank called The Abraxas Foundation, along with co-founder Nikolas Schreck, named after the ancient Gnostic god Abraxas. The organization promotes authoritarianism, totalitarianism, misanthropism, and elitism, is antidemocratic, and has some philosophical overlap with the Church of Satan. During an interview with Christian talk show host Bob Larson, Rice described the basic philosophy of the foundation as being "The strong rule the weak, and the clever rule the strong".[4]
Rice has documented the writings of Charles Manson in his role as contributing editor of The Manson File. Rice was a featured guest on Talk Back, a radio program hosted by the Evangelical Christian Bob Larson.[5] In total, Rice made five appearances on Larson's program.
Although Rice was sometimes reported to possess the world's largest Barbie collection, he confessed in a 2003 interview with Brian M. Clark to owning only a few.[6]
In 2000, along with Tracy Twyman, editor of Dagobert's Revenge, Rice filmed a special on the Rennes-le-Chateau for the program In Search of... on Fox television. (The segment was later included in the 2002 version of In Search of... on the Sci Fi Channel.) Rice has done extensive research into Gnosticism as well as Grail legends and Merovingian lore, sharing this research in Dagobert's Revenge and The Vessel of God.[7]
Rice was involved in creating a Tiki bar called Tiki Boyd's at the East Coast Bar in Denver, Colorado. Rice decorated the entire establishment out of his own pocket due to his fondness of Tiki culture, asking an open tab at the bar in return. Boyd has long expressed a love of Tiki culture, in contrast to the other elements of his public persona.[8]
Tiki Boyd's was given its name in his honor.[9] Due to disagreements between Rice and the owners, Rice pulled out of the deal and reclaimed all of his Tiki decorations. The future of the bar as it remains now is uncertain. Rice plans to re-establish another Tiki Bar elsewhere in Denver.[8]
Music[edit]
Rice creates music under his own name, as well as under the moniker of NON and with contributors under various other project names.
Early sound experiments[edit]
Rice started creating experimental noise recordings in 1975, drawing on his interest in tape machines and bubblegum pop sung by female vocalists such as Little Peggy March and Ginny Arnell. One of his earliest efforts consisted entirely of a loop of every time Lesley Gore sang the word "cry". After initially creating recordings simply for his own listening, he later started to give performances, and eventually make records. His musical project NON grew out of these early experiments; he reportedly selected the name because "it implies everything and nothing".
Techniques and implementations[edit]
From his earliest recordings, Rice has experimented with both sound and the medium through which that sound is conveyed. His methods of expanding upon the listening possibilities for recorded music were simple. On his second seven-inch, he had 2–4 extra holes punched into the record for "multi axial rotation".[10] Another early LP was titled Play at Any Speed. While working exclusively with vinyl, he employed locked grooves that allowed listeners to create their own music. He was one of the first artists, after John Cage, to treat turntables as instruments[citation needed] and developed various techniques for scratching. Rice has been treating sounds from vinyl recordings as early as 1975.[11]
NON[edit]
Under the name NON, originally with second member Robert Turman, Rice has recorded several seminal noise music albums, and collaborated with experimental music/dark folk artists like Current 93, Death in June and Rose McDowall. Most of his music has been released on the Mute Records label. Rice has also collaborated with Frank Tovey of Fad Gadget, Tony Wakeford of Sol Invictus and Michael Moynihan of Blood Axis. His later albums have often been explicitly conceptual.
On Might! (1995), Rice layers portions of "Ragnar Redbeard"'s Social Darwinist harangue, Might Is Right over sound beds of looped noise and manipulated frequencies. 1997's God and Beast explores the intersection in the soul of man's physical and spiritual natures over the course of an album that alternates abrasive soundscapes with passages of tranquility.
In 2006, Rice returned to the studio to record raw vocal sound sources for a collaboration with Industrial, modern primitive percussionist/ethnomusicologist Z'EV. In addition, he and long-time friend of twenty years Giddle Partridge planned an album titled LOVE/LOVE-BANG/BANG!, under the band name of Giddle & Boyd. After the limited edition release of a bubblegum pink, heart-shaped vinyl E.P. titled, Going Steady With Peggy Moffitt. In early 2010, Rice announced that he and Giddle Partridge would focus on solo projects/albums for the time being.
Crowd control[edit]
Early NON performances were designed to offer choice to audience members who might otherwise expect only a prefabricated and totally passive entertainment experience. Rice has stated that he considers his performances to be "de-indoctrination rites". Rice has performed using a shoe polisher, the "rotoguitar" (an electric guitar with an electric fan on it), and other homemade instruments. He has also used found sounds, played at a volume just below the threshold of pain, to entice his audiences to endure his high decibel sound experiments.
Rice coupled his aural assaults with psychological torture on audiences in Den Haag, the Netherlands, by shining in their faces exceedingly bright lights that were deliberately placed just out of reach. As their frustration mounted, Rice states that he:
..continued to be friendly to the audience, which made them even madder, because they were so mad and I didn't care! They were shaking their fists at me, and I thought that at any minute there'd be a riot. So I took it as far as I thought I could, and then thanked them and left.[2]
Art[edit]
After dropping out of high school at the age of 17, Rice began an in-depth study of early 20th-century art movements, producing his own abstract black and white paintings and experimental photographs. Early on, he met European art historian and gallery owner, Arturo Schwarz, with whom he began a long correspondence. Schwarz, a biographer of Duchamp and Man Ray, encouraged Rice to pursue his art, no matter what. And he did. Though he would later shift his focus to sound, he has never stopped creating visual art and has given a number of one man shows over the years.[12]
Photography[edit]
In the mid-1970s Rice devoted a great deal of time to experimental photography, developing a process by which he could produce "photographs of things which don't exist".[13] He had a one man show of the photos in the early 1980s at Richard Peterson's Pink & Pearl Gallery in San Diego, which was documented in the local press, the San Diego Union and Evening Tribune. He has never revealed the means by which he made these photos, and has stated publicly that the secret will go to the grave with him. Some of these photos can be seen in his book Standing in Two Circles (Creation Press, 2008).
Writings[edit]
Over the years, Boyd Rice's writings have been translated into at least six languages.[14] His collected writings were published in 2008 by Creation Press. A French language edition followed on Camion Noir.
In 2009, his book NO was published. This was widely regarded[by whom?] as a book defining Rice's personal philosophy. Rice defined the book as merely a "laundry list" of things he didn't believe in.[citation needed] He later stated in an interview with WFMU's Beware of the Blog, "sometimes the things you don't believe are more important than what you do believe".
In October 2011, Heartworm Press published Rice's Twilight Man, a noir memoir about his life in 1980's San Francisco.[citation needed]
Controversy[edit]
In 1989, Rice and Bob Heick of the American Front were photographed for Sassy Magazine wearing uniforms and brandishing knives. While Rice would later recall it as a prank, the photo has caused boycotts and protests at many of Rice's appearances. When asked if he regrets the photo, Rice stated, "I don't care. I don't think I ever made a wrong move. The bad stuff is just good. America loves its villains".[15]
This photograph was additionally published in the book Blood in the Face: The Ku Klux Klan, Aryan Nations, Nazi Skinheads, and the Rise of a New White Culture by James Ridgeway.[16]
More controversy has resulted because of Rice's appearance on Race and Reason,[17] a public-access television cable TV show hosted by white nationalist Tom Metzger. Rice has claimed not to be a Nazi in numerous interviews[18] whilst his friend Rose McDowall has claimed he has never said anything racist nor endorsed Nazism to her.[19] However Stewart Home has claimed that Rice is a supporter of Nazism.[20] Boyd Rice is associated with Church of Satan founder Anton LaVey [21] and has collaborated with Adam Parfrey[22] who is Jewish.[23]
On August 8, 1988, Boyd Rice was among the organizers and performers at 8/8/88, a Satanic Nazi rally organized at the Strand Theater in San Francisco, which was locally heavily advertised and sold out, billed as the largest gathering of Satanists ever recorded. Rice appeared with the band Radio Werewolf as well as Zeena Lavey of the Church of Satan, and with the Secret Chiefs and Kris Force.[24]
Discography[edit]
Year
Title
Under
1976[25] The Black Album Boyd Rice
1977 Mode of Infection/Knife Ladder – 7" NON
1978 Pagan Muzak – 7" with multiple locked grooves NON
1982 Rise – 12" NON
1982 (rec. 1977–82) Physical Evidence NON
1983 Sickness of Snakes / Nightmare Culture Boyd Rice & COIL / Boyd Rice & Current 93
1984 (rec. 1981) Easy Listening for the Hard of Hearing Boyd Rice and Frank Tovey
1985 Sick Tour – Live in Holland NON
1987 (rec. 1983) Blood and Flame NON
1990 Music, Martinis and Misanthropy Boyd Rice and Friends
1991 Easy Listening for Iron Youth – The Best of NON NON
1992 In the Shadow of the Sword NON
1993 I'm Just Like You The Tards (8" single by Boyd Rice & Adam Parfrey)
1993 Ragnarok Rune Boyd Rice
1993 Seasons in the Sun Spell
1994 The Monopoly Queen – 7" The Monopoly Queen (w/ Mary Ellen Carver & Combustible Edison)
1995 Might! NON
1995 Hatesville The Boyd Rice Experience
1996 Heaven Sent Scorpion Wind (w/ Douglas P. & John Murphy)
1996 Ralph Gean: A Star Unborn Boyd Rice Presents
1996 Death's Gladsome Wedding: Hymns and Marches from Transylvania's Notorious Legionari Movement Boyd Rice Presents
1997 God & Beast NON
1999 Receive the Flame NON
1999 Pagan Muzak – 7" with multiple locked grooves Rerelease NON
2000 The Way I Feel Boyd Rice
2000 Solitude – 7" with locked grooves on B-side NON
2001 Wolf Pact Boyd Rice and Fiends
2002 Children of the Black Sun NON
2002 The Registered Three Boyd Rice & Friends (C.D. Single)
2002 Music for Pussycats: Girl Groups Boyd Rice Presents
2004 Baptism By Fire (Live) Boyd Rice and Fiends
2004 Terra Incognita: Ambient Works 1975 to Present Boyd Rice/NON
2004 Alarm Agents Death in June & Boyd Rice
2005 The Very Best of Little Fyodor's Greatest Hits! Boyd Rice Presents
2008 Boyd Rice and Z'EV Boyd Rice and Z'EV
2008 Going Steady With Peggy Moffitt Giddle & Boyd
2012 Back to Mono[26] NON
Films[edit]
Pranks! TV! (1986, VHS), directed by V. Vale, RE/Search Publications
Tyranny of the Beat Mute Records (1991)
Speak of the Devil (1995, VHS), about Anton LaVey, directed by Nick Bougas, Wavelength Video
Boyd Rice Documentary, Part One Joel Haertling (1994)
Boyd Rice Documentary, Part Two Joel Haertling (1998)
Pearls Before Swine (1999), directed by Richard Wolstencroft
Nixing The Twist (2000, DVD), directed by Frank Kelly Rich, High Crime Films
The Many Moods of Boyd Rice (2002, VHS), Predatory Instinct Productions
Church of Satan Interview Archive (2003, DVD), Purging Talon
Baptism by Fire (Live performance in Bologna Italy) DVD Released by NERO2 (2004)
Frank Tovey by Fad Gadget (documentary) Mute Records (2006)
Iconoclast (2011 release date) Directed by Larry Wessel (www.iconoclastmovie.com)
Modern Drunkard (In Production), directed by Frank Kelly Rich
In Satan's Name BBC documentary by award winning director Antony Thomas
In Satan's Name Bob Larson's 31 episode television series for the Trinity Broadcasting Network
Performance[edit]
Live in Osaka (DVD), features concert performance from Osaka, Japan, in 1989, with Michael Moynihan, Tony Wakeford, Douglas P., and Rose McDowall. Also includes Rice-made films Invocation (One) and Black Sun
Print[edit]
Perpetual Permutation Poetry, International Artist's Cooperative, (1976)
Painted Black, Carl Rashke
Tape Delay, SAF Publishing, (1987)
Pop Void, Pop Void Publications, (1987)
RE/Search No. 6: Industrial Culture Handbook, RE/Search Publications (1983, ISBN 0-940642-07-7)
RE/Search No. 10: Incredibly Strange Films: A Guide to Deviant Films, RE/Search Publications (1986, ISBN 0-940642-09-3) (joint author)
RE/Search No. 11: Pranks!. RE/Search Publications (1986, ISBN 0-9650469-8-2)
The Manson File edited by Nikolas Schreck, Amok Press (1988, ISBN 0-941693-04-X)
Apocalypse Culture: Expanded & Revised Edition edited by Adam Parfrey, Feral House, (1990, ISBN 0-922915-05-9)
ANSWER Me!, issue No. 3 (1993, ISBN 0-9764035-3-6)
ANSWER Me!, issue No. 4 (1994)
Death in June: le livre Brun, Camion Blanc, (1994)
Death in June: Misery & Purity, Jara Press, (1995)
The Exit Collection, Tacit, (1998)
Taboo: The Art of Tiki, Outre Press, (1999)
Lucifer Rising, Plexus Publishing, (1999)
Cinema Contra Cinema, Fringecore, (1999)
Apocalypse Culture II, edited by Adam Parfrey, Feral House (2000, ISBN 0-922915-57-1)
Paranoia: The Conspiracy Reader, issue 32, Spring 2003.
The Book of Lies, Disinformation Press, (2003)
100 Artists See Satan, Last Gasp Press, (2004)
The Vessel of God, Terra Fria, (2005)
.45 Dangerous Minds, Creation Press, (2005)
Art That Kills, Creation Press, (2006)
Noise Music: A History, Continuum International Publishing Group, (2007)
The Book of Satanic Quotations, Purging Talon Press, (2008)
Bubblegum & Sunshine Pop, Les Cahiers du Rock, (2008)
Iron Youth Reader, Underworld Amusements, (2008)
Standing in Two Circles: Les Ecrits de Boyd Rice, (French translation) edited by Brian M. Clark Camion Noir, (2009, ISBN 978-2-35779-010-0)
Standing in Two Circles: The Collected Works of Boyd Rice, edited by Brian M. Clark, CTBKS, (2008, ISBN 1-84068-118-7)
No, Heartworm Press, (2009)
Death in June: Hidden Behind the Runes, Aldo Clementi, (2010)
Mondo Movies, Baazar & Co., (2010)
Charles Manson: Le Guru du Rock, Camion Noir, (2010)
Twilight Man, Heartworm Press, (2011)
Vlad the Impaler, Ian Allen, (2011)
No, Expanded and revised edition Heartworm Press
Death in June Songbook
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Modern Drunkard Magazine Online staff writer list
2.^ Jump up to: a b Vale, V. Juno, Andrea. Re/Search #6/7: Industrial Culture Handbook (1983) ISBN 0-940642-07-7
3.Jump up ^ Juno, Andrea (Editor), Ballard, J. G. (Editor), Re/Search #11: Pranks (1987) ISBN 0-940642-10-7
4.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice debates with Bob Larson 3/5". YouTube. June 21, 2010. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
5.Jump up ^ name=SNAKEOIL>"My Dinner with Bob Larson", Snake Oil magazine (1994)
6.Jump up ^ From The Black Pimp Speaks, 2003 interview with Boyd Rice appearing in Rated Rookie magazine No. 6, 2004. Viewable online: [1]
7.Jump up ^ "An Introduction to the Grail Research & Esoteric Writings of Boyd Rice". The Vessel of God. Boyd Rice. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
8.^ Jump up to: a b "Tiki Boyd's – Denver's Newest & Only Tiki Bar". Boydrice.com. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
9.Jump up ^ "Tiki Boyd's". Tiki Boyd's. DISCRIMINATE MEDIA. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
10.Jump up ^ "Laugh til it hurts". The Wire magazine (256).
11.Jump up ^ Blood Book "Boyd Rice Interview" 2010
12.Jump up ^ Press release from Mitchell Algus Gallery (NYC) for Rice's one man show of paintings.
13.Jump up ^ Standing in Two Circles
14.Jump up ^ Biography of "No", Heartworm Press
15.Jump up ^ "With Pity Towards None (interview)". Tangents. 1997.
16.Jump up ^ Ridgeway, James. Blood in the Face: The Ku Klux Klan, Aryan Nations, Nazi Skinheads, and the Rise of a New White Culture. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1990. ISBN 978-1-56025-003-6
17.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice's Race and Reason interview causes controversy" http://www.side-line.com/news_comments.php?id=33873_0_2_0_C
18.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice". Boyd Rice. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
19.Jump up ^ "He's never said anything racist to me. I've talked to him about it and he's said he now has to be careful about things he says because people will misconstrue things. I'm sure he did wear swastikas when he was a punk, a lot of punks did" – Rose McDowall, more quotes like this in the interview also. http://www.strawberryswitchblade.net/print.php?section=interviews&item=rose
20.Jump up ^ "Tony Wakeford, Sol Invictus, Above The Ruins, fascism, Boyd Rice". Stewarthomesociety.org. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
21.Jump up ^ picture of Boyd and LaVey: http://www.boydrice.com/gallery/friends_gallery/1980-02.html
22.Jump up ^ Hatesville at Boyd Rice and Friends's discography
23.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice on Race and Reason". 1986. Missing or empty |title= (help)
24.Jump up ^ "No Other Radio Network September 22 Broadcast". September 22, 1988. Missing or empty |title= (help)
25.Jump up ^ official website, www.boydrice.com
26.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice Interview – Back to Mono". YouTube. June 21, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
Further Reading[edit]
Chad Hensley. "Non Sense: An Interview with Boyd Rice". Esoterra: The Journal of Extreme Culture 9 ((Fall/Winter 2000), pp. 12-17.
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
Albums by Boyd Rice
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
LaVeyan Satanism
[show]
v ·
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Death in June
Authority control
VIAF: 29744228 ·
GND: 134972503 ·
BNF: cb14220355k (data) ·
MusicBrainz: bfd95b65-f6e1-4394-867a-9558fdb4fdbb
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyd_Rice
Boyd Rice
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Boyd Rice
Birth name
Boyd Blake Rice
Also known as
NON
Born
December 16, 1956 (age 58)
Lemon Grove, California, United States
Origin
Denver, Colorado, United States
Genres
Experimental, noise, industrial, drone, neofolk
Occupation(s)
Composer, author
Instruments
Tape machines, turntables
Years active
1975–present
Labels
Mute
Associated acts
Fad Gadget, Daniel Miller, Scorpion Wind, Death in June, Rose McDowall, Current 93, Adam Parfrey, Albin Julius, Radio Werewolf
Website
boydrice.com
Boyd Blake Rice (born December 16, 1956) is an American experimental sound/noise musician using the name of NON since the mid-1970s, archivist, actor, photographer, author, member of the Partridge Family Temple religious group, co-founder of the UNPOP art movement and current staff writer for Modern Drunkard magazine.[1]
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Music 2.1 Early sound experiments
2.2 Techniques and implementations
2.3 NON
2.4 Crowd control
3 Art
4 Photography
5 Writings
6 Controversy
7 Discography
8 Films
9 Performance
10 Print
11 References
12 Further Reading
Biography[edit]
Rice became widely known through his involvement in V. Vale's RE/Search books. He is profiled in RE/Search #6/7: Industrial Culture Handbook[2] and Pranks!.[3] In Pranks, Rice described his experience in 1976 when he tried to give President Ford's wife, Betty Ford, a skinned sheep's head on a silver platter. In this interview, he emphasized the consensus nature of reality and the havoc that can be wreaked by refusing to play by the collective rules that dictate most people's perception of the external world.
In the mid-1980s Rice became close friends with Anton LaVey, founder and High Priest of the Church of Satan, and was made a Priest, then later a Magister in the Council of Nine of the Church. The two admired much of the same music and shared a similar misanthropic outlook. Each had been inspired by Might Is Right in fashioning various works: LaVey in his seminal Satanic Bible and Rice in several recordings.
Rice's Social Darwinist outlook eventually led to him founding the Social Darwinist think tank called The Abraxas Foundation, along with co-founder Nikolas Schreck, named after the ancient Gnostic god Abraxas. The organization promotes authoritarianism, totalitarianism, misanthropism, and elitism, is antidemocratic, and has some philosophical overlap with the Church of Satan. During an interview with Christian talk show host Bob Larson, Rice described the basic philosophy of the foundation as being "The strong rule the weak, and the clever rule the strong".[4]
Rice has documented the writings of Charles Manson in his role as contributing editor of The Manson File. Rice was a featured guest on Talk Back, a radio program hosted by the Evangelical Christian Bob Larson.[5] In total, Rice made five appearances on Larson's program.
Although Rice was sometimes reported to possess the world's largest Barbie collection, he confessed in a 2003 interview with Brian M. Clark to owning only a few.[6]
In 2000, along with Tracy Twyman, editor of Dagobert's Revenge, Rice filmed a special on the Rennes-le-Chateau for the program In Search of... on Fox television. (The segment was later included in the 2002 version of In Search of... on the Sci Fi Channel.) Rice has done extensive research into Gnosticism as well as Grail legends and Merovingian lore, sharing this research in Dagobert's Revenge and The Vessel of God.[7]
Rice was involved in creating a Tiki bar called Tiki Boyd's at the East Coast Bar in Denver, Colorado. Rice decorated the entire establishment out of his own pocket due to his fondness of Tiki culture, asking an open tab at the bar in return. Boyd has long expressed a love of Tiki culture, in contrast to the other elements of his public persona.[8]
Tiki Boyd's was given its name in his honor.[9] Due to disagreements between Rice and the owners, Rice pulled out of the deal and reclaimed all of his Tiki decorations. The future of the bar as it remains now is uncertain. Rice plans to re-establish another Tiki Bar elsewhere in Denver.[8]
Music[edit]
Rice creates music under his own name, as well as under the moniker of NON and with contributors under various other project names.
Early sound experiments[edit]
Rice started creating experimental noise recordings in 1975, drawing on his interest in tape machines and bubblegum pop sung by female vocalists such as Little Peggy March and Ginny Arnell. One of his earliest efforts consisted entirely of a loop of every time Lesley Gore sang the word "cry". After initially creating recordings simply for his own listening, he later started to give performances, and eventually make records. His musical project NON grew out of these early experiments; he reportedly selected the name because "it implies everything and nothing".
Techniques and implementations[edit]
From his earliest recordings, Rice has experimented with both sound and the medium through which that sound is conveyed. His methods of expanding upon the listening possibilities for recorded music were simple. On his second seven-inch, he had 2–4 extra holes punched into the record for "multi axial rotation".[10] Another early LP was titled Play at Any Speed. While working exclusively with vinyl, he employed locked grooves that allowed listeners to create their own music. He was one of the first artists, after John Cage, to treat turntables as instruments[citation needed] and developed various techniques for scratching. Rice has been treating sounds from vinyl recordings as early as 1975.[11]
NON[edit]
Under the name NON, originally with second member Robert Turman, Rice has recorded several seminal noise music albums, and collaborated with experimental music/dark folk artists like Current 93, Death in June and Rose McDowall. Most of his music has been released on the Mute Records label. Rice has also collaborated with Frank Tovey of Fad Gadget, Tony Wakeford of Sol Invictus and Michael Moynihan of Blood Axis. His later albums have often been explicitly conceptual.
On Might! (1995), Rice layers portions of "Ragnar Redbeard"'s Social Darwinist harangue, Might Is Right over sound beds of looped noise and manipulated frequencies. 1997's God and Beast explores the intersection in the soul of man's physical and spiritual natures over the course of an album that alternates abrasive soundscapes with passages of tranquility.
In 2006, Rice returned to the studio to record raw vocal sound sources for a collaboration with Industrial, modern primitive percussionist/ethnomusicologist Z'EV. In addition, he and long-time friend of twenty years Giddle Partridge planned an album titled LOVE/LOVE-BANG/BANG!, under the band name of Giddle & Boyd. After the limited edition release of a bubblegum pink, heart-shaped vinyl E.P. titled, Going Steady With Peggy Moffitt. In early 2010, Rice announced that he and Giddle Partridge would focus on solo projects/albums for the time being.
Crowd control[edit]
Early NON performances were designed to offer choice to audience members who might otherwise expect only a prefabricated and totally passive entertainment experience. Rice has stated that he considers his performances to be "de-indoctrination rites". Rice has performed using a shoe polisher, the "rotoguitar" (an electric guitar with an electric fan on it), and other homemade instruments. He has also used found sounds, played at a volume just below the threshold of pain, to entice his audiences to endure his high decibel sound experiments.
Rice coupled his aural assaults with psychological torture on audiences in Den Haag, the Netherlands, by shining in their faces exceedingly bright lights that were deliberately placed just out of reach. As their frustration mounted, Rice states that he:
..continued to be friendly to the audience, which made them even madder, because they were so mad and I didn't care! They were shaking their fists at me, and I thought that at any minute there'd be a riot. So I took it as far as I thought I could, and then thanked them and left.[2]
Art[edit]
After dropping out of high school at the age of 17, Rice began an in-depth study of early 20th-century art movements, producing his own abstract black and white paintings and experimental photographs. Early on, he met European art historian and gallery owner, Arturo Schwarz, with whom he began a long correspondence. Schwarz, a biographer of Duchamp and Man Ray, encouraged Rice to pursue his art, no matter what. And he did. Though he would later shift his focus to sound, he has never stopped creating visual art and has given a number of one man shows over the years.[12]
Photography[edit]
In the mid-1970s Rice devoted a great deal of time to experimental photography, developing a process by which he could produce "photographs of things which don't exist".[13] He had a one man show of the photos in the early 1980s at Richard Peterson's Pink & Pearl Gallery in San Diego, which was documented in the local press, the San Diego Union and Evening Tribune. He has never revealed the means by which he made these photos, and has stated publicly that the secret will go to the grave with him. Some of these photos can be seen in his book Standing in Two Circles (Creation Press, 2008).
Writings[edit]
Over the years, Boyd Rice's writings have been translated into at least six languages.[14] His collected writings were published in 2008 by Creation Press. A French language edition followed on Camion Noir.
In 2009, his book NO was published. This was widely regarded[by whom?] as a book defining Rice's personal philosophy. Rice defined the book as merely a "laundry list" of things he didn't believe in.[citation needed] He later stated in an interview with WFMU's Beware of the Blog, "sometimes the things you don't believe are more important than what you do believe".
In October 2011, Heartworm Press published Rice's Twilight Man, a noir memoir about his life in 1980's San Francisco.[citation needed]
Controversy[edit]
In 1989, Rice and Bob Heick of the American Front were photographed for Sassy Magazine wearing uniforms and brandishing knives. While Rice would later recall it as a prank, the photo has caused boycotts and protests at many of Rice's appearances. When asked if he regrets the photo, Rice stated, "I don't care. I don't think I ever made a wrong move. The bad stuff is just good. America loves its villains".[15]
This photograph was additionally published in the book Blood in the Face: The Ku Klux Klan, Aryan Nations, Nazi Skinheads, and the Rise of a New White Culture by James Ridgeway.[16]
More controversy has resulted because of Rice's appearance on Race and Reason,[17] a public-access television cable TV show hosted by white nationalist Tom Metzger. Rice has claimed not to be a Nazi in numerous interviews[18] whilst his friend Rose McDowall has claimed he has never said anything racist nor endorsed Nazism to her.[19] However Stewart Home has claimed that Rice is a supporter of Nazism.[20] Boyd Rice is associated with Church of Satan founder Anton LaVey [21] and has collaborated with Adam Parfrey[22] who is Jewish.[23]
On August 8, 1988, Boyd Rice was among the organizers and performers at 8/8/88, a Satanic Nazi rally organized at the Strand Theater in San Francisco, which was locally heavily advertised and sold out, billed as the largest gathering of Satanists ever recorded. Rice appeared with the band Radio Werewolf as well as Zeena Lavey of the Church of Satan, and with the Secret Chiefs and Kris Force.[24]
Discography[edit]
Year
Title
Under
1976[25] The Black Album Boyd Rice
1977 Mode of Infection/Knife Ladder – 7" NON
1978 Pagan Muzak – 7" with multiple locked grooves NON
1982 Rise – 12" NON
1982 (rec. 1977–82) Physical Evidence NON
1983 Sickness of Snakes / Nightmare Culture Boyd Rice & COIL / Boyd Rice & Current 93
1984 (rec. 1981) Easy Listening for the Hard of Hearing Boyd Rice and Frank Tovey
1985 Sick Tour – Live in Holland NON
1987 (rec. 1983) Blood and Flame NON
1990 Music, Martinis and Misanthropy Boyd Rice and Friends
1991 Easy Listening for Iron Youth – The Best of NON NON
1992 In the Shadow of the Sword NON
1993 I'm Just Like You The Tards (8" single by Boyd Rice & Adam Parfrey)
1993 Ragnarok Rune Boyd Rice
1993 Seasons in the Sun Spell
1994 The Monopoly Queen – 7" The Monopoly Queen (w/ Mary Ellen Carver & Combustible Edison)
1995 Might! NON
1995 Hatesville The Boyd Rice Experience
1996 Heaven Sent Scorpion Wind (w/ Douglas P. & John Murphy)
1996 Ralph Gean: A Star Unborn Boyd Rice Presents
1996 Death's Gladsome Wedding: Hymns and Marches from Transylvania's Notorious Legionari Movement Boyd Rice Presents
1997 God & Beast NON
1999 Receive the Flame NON
1999 Pagan Muzak – 7" with multiple locked grooves Rerelease NON
2000 The Way I Feel Boyd Rice
2000 Solitude – 7" with locked grooves on B-side NON
2001 Wolf Pact Boyd Rice and Fiends
2002 Children of the Black Sun NON
2002 The Registered Three Boyd Rice & Friends (C.D. Single)
2002 Music for Pussycats: Girl Groups Boyd Rice Presents
2004 Baptism By Fire (Live) Boyd Rice and Fiends
2004 Terra Incognita: Ambient Works 1975 to Present Boyd Rice/NON
2004 Alarm Agents Death in June & Boyd Rice
2005 The Very Best of Little Fyodor's Greatest Hits! Boyd Rice Presents
2008 Boyd Rice and Z'EV Boyd Rice and Z'EV
2008 Going Steady With Peggy Moffitt Giddle & Boyd
2012 Back to Mono[26] NON
Films[edit]
Pranks! TV! (1986, VHS), directed by V. Vale, RE/Search Publications
Tyranny of the Beat Mute Records (1991)
Speak of the Devil (1995, VHS), about Anton LaVey, directed by Nick Bougas, Wavelength Video
Boyd Rice Documentary, Part One Joel Haertling (1994)
Boyd Rice Documentary, Part Two Joel Haertling (1998)
Pearls Before Swine (1999), directed by Richard Wolstencroft
Nixing The Twist (2000, DVD), directed by Frank Kelly Rich, High Crime Films
The Many Moods of Boyd Rice (2002, VHS), Predatory Instinct Productions
Church of Satan Interview Archive (2003, DVD), Purging Talon
Baptism by Fire (Live performance in Bologna Italy) DVD Released by NERO2 (2004)
Frank Tovey by Fad Gadget (documentary) Mute Records (2006)
Iconoclast (2011 release date) Directed by Larry Wessel (www.iconoclastmovie.com)
Modern Drunkard (In Production), directed by Frank Kelly Rich
In Satan's Name BBC documentary by award winning director Antony Thomas
In Satan's Name Bob Larson's 31 episode television series for the Trinity Broadcasting Network
Performance[edit]
Live in Osaka (DVD), features concert performance from Osaka, Japan, in 1989, with Michael Moynihan, Tony Wakeford, Douglas P., and Rose McDowall. Also includes Rice-made films Invocation (One) and Black Sun
Print[edit]
Perpetual Permutation Poetry, International Artist's Cooperative, (1976)
Painted Black, Carl Rashke
Tape Delay, SAF Publishing, (1987)
Pop Void, Pop Void Publications, (1987)
RE/Search No. 6: Industrial Culture Handbook, RE/Search Publications (1983, ISBN 0-940642-07-7)
RE/Search No. 10: Incredibly Strange Films: A Guide to Deviant Films, RE/Search Publications (1986, ISBN 0-940642-09-3) (joint author)
RE/Search No. 11: Pranks!. RE/Search Publications (1986, ISBN 0-9650469-8-2)
The Manson File edited by Nikolas Schreck, Amok Press (1988, ISBN 0-941693-04-X)
Apocalypse Culture: Expanded & Revised Edition edited by Adam Parfrey, Feral House, (1990, ISBN 0-922915-05-9)
ANSWER Me!, issue No. 3 (1993, ISBN 0-9764035-3-6)
ANSWER Me!, issue No. 4 (1994)
Death in June: le livre Brun, Camion Blanc, (1994)
Death in June: Misery & Purity, Jara Press, (1995)
The Exit Collection, Tacit, (1998)
Taboo: The Art of Tiki, Outre Press, (1999)
Lucifer Rising, Plexus Publishing, (1999)
Cinema Contra Cinema, Fringecore, (1999)
Apocalypse Culture II, edited by Adam Parfrey, Feral House (2000, ISBN 0-922915-57-1)
Paranoia: The Conspiracy Reader, issue 32, Spring 2003.
The Book of Lies, Disinformation Press, (2003)
100 Artists See Satan, Last Gasp Press, (2004)
The Vessel of God, Terra Fria, (2005)
.45 Dangerous Minds, Creation Press, (2005)
Art That Kills, Creation Press, (2006)
Noise Music: A History, Continuum International Publishing Group, (2007)
The Book of Satanic Quotations, Purging Talon Press, (2008)
Bubblegum & Sunshine Pop, Les Cahiers du Rock, (2008)
Iron Youth Reader, Underworld Amusements, (2008)
Standing in Two Circles: Les Ecrits de Boyd Rice, (French translation) edited by Brian M. Clark Camion Noir, (2009, ISBN 978-2-35779-010-0)
Standing in Two Circles: The Collected Works of Boyd Rice, edited by Brian M. Clark, CTBKS, (2008, ISBN 1-84068-118-7)
No, Heartworm Press, (2009)
Death in June: Hidden Behind the Runes, Aldo Clementi, (2010)
Mondo Movies, Baazar & Co., (2010)
Charles Manson: Le Guru du Rock, Camion Noir, (2010)
Twilight Man, Heartworm Press, (2011)
Vlad the Impaler, Ian Allen, (2011)
No, Expanded and revised edition Heartworm Press
Death in June Songbook
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Modern Drunkard Magazine Online staff writer list
2.^ Jump up to: a b Vale, V. Juno, Andrea. Re/Search #6/7: Industrial Culture Handbook (1983) ISBN 0-940642-07-7
3.Jump up ^ Juno, Andrea (Editor), Ballard, J. G. (Editor), Re/Search #11: Pranks (1987) ISBN 0-940642-10-7
4.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice debates with Bob Larson 3/5". YouTube. June 21, 2010. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
5.Jump up ^ name=SNAKEOIL>"My Dinner with Bob Larson", Snake Oil magazine (1994)
6.Jump up ^ From The Black Pimp Speaks, 2003 interview with Boyd Rice appearing in Rated Rookie magazine No. 6, 2004. Viewable online: [1]
7.Jump up ^ "An Introduction to the Grail Research & Esoteric Writings of Boyd Rice". The Vessel of God. Boyd Rice. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
8.^ Jump up to: a b "Tiki Boyd's – Denver's Newest & Only Tiki Bar". Boydrice.com. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
9.Jump up ^ "Tiki Boyd's". Tiki Boyd's. DISCRIMINATE MEDIA. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
10.Jump up ^ "Laugh til it hurts". The Wire magazine (256).
11.Jump up ^ Blood Book "Boyd Rice Interview" 2010
12.Jump up ^ Press release from Mitchell Algus Gallery (NYC) for Rice's one man show of paintings.
13.Jump up ^ Standing in Two Circles
14.Jump up ^ Biography of "No", Heartworm Press
15.Jump up ^ "With Pity Towards None (interview)". Tangents. 1997.
16.Jump up ^ Ridgeway, James. Blood in the Face: The Ku Klux Klan, Aryan Nations, Nazi Skinheads, and the Rise of a New White Culture. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1990. ISBN 978-1-56025-003-6
17.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice's Race and Reason interview causes controversy" http://www.side-line.com/news_comments.php?id=33873_0_2_0_C
18.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice". Boyd Rice. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
19.Jump up ^ "He's never said anything racist to me. I've talked to him about it and he's said he now has to be careful about things he says because people will misconstrue things. I'm sure he did wear swastikas when he was a punk, a lot of punks did" – Rose McDowall, more quotes like this in the interview also. http://www.strawberryswitchblade.net/print.php?section=interviews&item=rose
20.Jump up ^ "Tony Wakeford, Sol Invictus, Above The Ruins, fascism, Boyd Rice". Stewarthomesociety.org. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
21.Jump up ^ picture of Boyd and LaVey: http://www.boydrice.com/gallery/friends_gallery/1980-02.html
22.Jump up ^ Hatesville at Boyd Rice and Friends's discography
23.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice on Race and Reason". 1986. Missing or empty |title= (help)
24.Jump up ^ "No Other Radio Network September 22 Broadcast". September 22, 1988. Missing or empty |title= (help)
25.Jump up ^ official website, www.boydrice.com
26.Jump up ^ "Boyd Rice Interview – Back to Mono". YouTube. June 21, 2011. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
Further Reading[edit]
Chad Hensley. "Non Sense: An Interview with Boyd Rice". Esoterra: The Journal of Extreme Culture 9 ((Fall/Winter 2000), pp. 12-17.
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LaVeyan Satanism
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Death in June
Authority control
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyd_Rice
Nikolas Schreck
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This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (May 2013)
Nikolas Schreck
NikolasSchreckSLMmeeting byZeenaSchreck.jpg
Nikolas Schreck by Zeena
Born
United States
Known for
Author, musician, filmmaker, spiritual teacher
Nikolas Schreck is an American singer, musician, author, film-maker and religious teacher.
Since 2012, Schreck has been lead singer of the musical duo Kingdom of Heaven, whose first album XXIII was released in April 2015.
Schreck was the founder, frontman, and sole constant member of the magical musical collective Radio Werewolf from 1984–1993, whose recordings include The Fiery Summons (1989), The Lightning and the Sun (1989), Bring Me the Head of Geraldo Rivera! A Benediction in Four Movements (1990), Songs for the End of the World (1991), Witchcraft/Boots: A Tribute to the Sinatras (1991), Love Conquers All (1992) and 2012's compilation The Vinyl Solution.
Schreck is the author of The Manson File: Myth and Reality of an Outlaw Shaman (2011) Demons of the Flesh: The Complete Guide to Left Hand Path Sex Magic, (2002) co-authored with Zeena, Flowers from Hell: A Satanic Reader (2001), The Satanic Screen: An Illustrated Guide to the Devil in Cinema, (2001) and the first edition of The Manson File (1988).
In 1997, Schreck produced the first full-length album by British actor Christopher Lee Christopher Lee Sings Devils, Rogues & Other Villains which was released on Schreck's Wolfslair label.
Schreck's forthcoming series of novels The Dallas Book of the Dead was previewed in a reading broadcast on NPR's Berlin Stories in July, 2013. He directed the documentary Charles Manson Superstar[1] and has appeared in several other documentaries and films. He is married to Zeena Schreck (formerly Zeena LaVey).
Before his 2003 conversion to Tantric Buddhism, and his earlier renunciation of Satanism, Schreck was a prominent black magician who co-led the magical school The Werewolf Order with Zeena from 1988-1999. He worked closely in the late 1980s with Church of Satan founder Anton Lavey, although he was not a member of the Church. Schreck was a Master of the Temple of Set before resigning with several others in 2002 due to religious and administrative differences. In 2002, Schreck was one of the founding members of the Sethian Liberation Movement (formerly the Storm) which is currently located in Berlin.[2]
According to his Facebook page, Nikolas Schreck's band Kingdom of Heaven will perform a concert at the Wave-Gotik-Treffen music festival in Leipzig, Germany on May 22, 2015. Kingdom of Heaven's first album XXIII was released on iTunes and Amazon on 10 April 2015.
Nikolas Schreck performed live in Germany for the first time since 1992 in a sonic ritual concert entitled In Her Thrall: Evokation des Ewig-Weibichen at Tower Transmissions Music Festival IV in Dresden on 27 September 2014, collaborating with noted percussionist John Murphy. A documentary concert film of the concert, also entitled In Her Thrall was photographed by Boa Thor and released via Schreck's World Operations.
On December 7 and 8 of 2014, Schreck is scheduled to teach a public class "Sonic Magic in Theory and Praxis: A Two-Day Workshop for Magicians and Musicians" at the NK Projekt in Berlin, Germany, which is described by the NK Projekt as "a rare two-day course in the magical art of applying ritual magic, consciousness alteration and spiritual initiation to music".
Contents [hide]
1 Music 1.1 Kingdom of Heaven
1.2 Radio Werewolf
2 Video Werewolf
3 Writings 3.1 The Manson File
3.2 Other works
4 References
5 External links
Music[edit]
Kingdom of Heaven[edit]
In 2012, Nikolas Schreck (vocalist/lyricist) and James Collord (bassist/multi-instrumentalist) founded their musical collaboration Kingdom of Heaven (KOH) whose songs In Dreamland and Midnight in Cairo were premiered on a Nightwatch Radio interview in November 2013.
Kingdom of Heaven's first single The Ballad of Lurleen Tyler was made available via iTunes in December 2013, followed in March 2014 by a video for the song on the Kingdom of Heaven YouTube channel.
In May 2014, Nikolas Schreck was interviewed on the Green Tea Berlin radio program broadcast by Alex Radio and 88.4 Berlin which featured the European radio premiere of Kingdom of Heaven's song Enemy on Both Sides, which Schreck introduced as the theme to a non-existent James Bond movie
In March 2015, Schreck's Facebook page announced that Kingdom of Heaven will perform a concert at the Wave-Gotik-Treffen music festival in Leipzig Germany on May 22, 2015.
Radio Werewolf[edit]
Main article: Radio Werewolf
Schreck founded the band Radio Werewolf in 1984. His theatrical ritual performances as the group's lead singer, billed as Rallies of the Radio Werewolf Youth Party, provoked controversy, as did provocative appearances on several television programs. Tension over the contentious nature of the band's music led to the departure of co-founder Evil Wilhelm from Radio Werewolf shortly after their participation in the notorious 8-8-88 Rally in San Francisco.[3][4] Although there was hostility during the breakup, the band members later reconciled. Schreck's 1989 LP The Fiery Summons was the first Radio Werewolf album, although the previous formation recorded a still unreleased album in 1987.
Key to the bands beliefs about themselves was the existence of what they termed the "dominant frequency" or "alpha frequency." Schreck explained the band by saying "Radio Werewolf is a sound, a vibration, a certain frequency from another world. I just transmitted it. The bodies and minds of all the people who tuned into that frequency were the mediums that broadcast came through on. I only get credit for ”creating” it because I have a big mouth, I was in the front of the stage, and I was the one the media paid the most attention to."[5]
Zeena Schreck served as Radio Werewolf co-director from 1988-1993, the group's most prolific period, which saw the release of their recordings Songs for the End of the World, The Lightning and the Sun, Bring Me the Head of Geraldo Rivera!, Witchcraft-Boots: A Tribute to the Sinatras and Love Conquers All.
In 2012, Radio Werewolf's The Vinyl Solution - Analog Artifacts, Ritual Instrumentals and Undercover Versions was released by World Operations. The compact disc, the first official Radio Werewolf release since 1992, compiles newly remastered re-releases of 12 ambient sonic magic tracks from Zeena and Nikolas Schreck's rare Radio Werewolf vinyl recordings between 1989-1992 as well as 2 bonus tracks never previously released to the public.
Video Werewolf[edit]
Schreck's 1989 documentary, Charles Manson Superstar, told the story of Charles Manson's life as well as interviewing him in San Quentin Prison. The documentary featured parts of an originally hour and a half long interview of Manson, as well as many photographs and video footage, of the Manson Family, Spahn Ranch, and other related topics. Also discussed were Manson's alleged ties to Nazi movements (which he denied) and to various Satanic movements. Other Video Werewolf releases include The Zurich Experiment, which documented Radio Werewolf's last public concert.
Writings[edit]
The Manson File[edit]
Schreck's "The Manson File" (1988) is a thorough study of the philosophy, music and spiritual ideas of Charles Manson. The book brings Manson's previously obscure ATWA ecology concept and his religious devotion to the Gnostic god Abraxas to public attention. Schreck posited that the demonization of Manson (and perhaps the martyrdom of Manson by other groups) is the result of media sensationalism.[6]
In April 2011,[7] Schreck's The Manson File: Myth and Reality of an Outlaw Shaman, a new and greatly expanded edition of over 900 pages was released in France as "Le Dossier Manson : Mythe Et Réalité D’un Chaman Hors-La-Loi". Schreck delves deeply into previously unknown aspects of Manson's life and the Tate-La Bianca murders to present evidence that the "Helter Skelter" theory put forth by prosecuting attorney Vincent Bugliosi had little if anything to do with the reality of the crimes. According to Schreck, the murders of Sharon Tate and the others actually resulted from conventional underworld rivalries between drug dealer associates Charles Watson and Jay Sebring, who Schreck contends was linked to the Mafia.[8]
As of August 2011, the new version of Schreck's book became available in English format, on his personal website. A mass market edition was published in December 2011. Leading alternative culture source Metal Impact praised The Manson File, congratulating it on its comprehensive view of the subject, and for taking an academic stance, rather than the sensationalism of Vincent Bugliosi's Helter Skelter.[9]
Other works[edit]
Schreck's Flowers From Hell: A Satanic Reader was released in 2001. The book detailed the history of the use of Satan as a symbol, archetype, and deity in fiction throughout history, from ancient to modern times, and through several different cultures.[10]
The Satanic Screen: An Illustrated Guide to the Devil in Cinema was also released in 2001. The book revealed a detailed study of the use of the devil (in all his various forms) in film media throughout its existence. In an interview with American Movie Classics, Schreck noted that: "I think people's ideas of the devil and of Satan in the 20th century have largely been shaped and dictated by imagery from the cinema. I've studied the black arts in history and practice for many decades, and I found that Satanism had been looked at in terms of literature and music but never in terms of cinema."[11][12]
In Demons of the Flesh: The Complete Guide to Left Hand Path Sex Magic, released in 2002, Schreck and his wife Zeena explored the theory, history and practice of erotic sorcery and worship of the feminine in all of the world's religions. Presented as a ritual fusing of male and female, the book refutes common Western Satanic misconceptions of the left hand path by tracing its origins in Tantric Hinduism and Buddhism, and presents a crash course of magical exercises based on the Schrecks' own experiences as practitioners of what they term the sinister current.[13]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Charles Manson Superstar". IMDb.com. IMDb.com, Inc. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
2.Jump up ^ "December 17, 2002 Disinfo description of Temple of Set High Priestess Zeena Schreck, along with several Masters, Priests, Orders and Elements of the Temple of Set who resigned en masse to form The Storm, later renamed Sethian Liberation Movement".
3.Jump up ^ The Music Connection, "Who Needs a Record Deal when you're Busy Taking over the World?" Vol 3, #12, 1989
4.Jump up ^ "Race and Reason Interview with Radio Werewolf". July 8th, 1985. Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
5.Jump up ^ Nikolas Schreck on Radio Werewolf, The Manson Mystique, and the Satanic Panic of the 1980s: Interview by Christophe Lorenz, 2008 (Le Gourou du rock)
6.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (March 1988). The Manson File. Amok Press. ISBN 0-941693-04-X.
7.Jump up ^ Nikolas Schreck (April 2011). "The Manson File: Myth and Reality of an Outlaw Shaman". Nikolas Schreck. Nikolas Schreck. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
8.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (April 2011). Le Dossier Manson. Camion Noir. ISBN 2-35779-120-9.
9.Jump up ^ Mortne2001 (22 November 2011). "NIKOLAS SCHRECK (usa) - Artiste". Metal-Impact (in French and English). Metal-Impact. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
10.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (2001). Flowers From Hell: A Satanic Reader. Creation Books. ISBN 1-84068-024-5.
11.Jump up ^ "American Movie Classics Interviews Author Nikolas Schreck" 2002
12.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (2001). The Satanic Screen: An Illustrated Guide to the Devil in Cinema. Creation Books. ISBN 1-84068-043-1.
13.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (2002). Demons of the Flesh: The Complete Guide to Left Hand Path Sex Magic. Creation Books. ISBN 1-84068-061-X.
External links[edit]
Nikolas Schreck's official
Zeena Schreck's official
Authority control
MusicBrainz: e8032345-d849-4f04-958d-6904a7ca944b
Categories: American male musicians
Left-Hand Path
Setians
Goth subculture
American Satanists
Tibetan Buddhism
Living people
American male writers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolas_Schreck
Nikolas Schreck
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (May 2013)
Nikolas Schreck
NikolasSchreckSLMmeeting byZeenaSchreck.jpg
Nikolas Schreck by Zeena
Born
United States
Known for
Author, musician, filmmaker, spiritual teacher
Nikolas Schreck is an American singer, musician, author, film-maker and religious teacher.
Since 2012, Schreck has been lead singer of the musical duo Kingdom of Heaven, whose first album XXIII was released in April 2015.
Schreck was the founder, frontman, and sole constant member of the magical musical collective Radio Werewolf from 1984–1993, whose recordings include The Fiery Summons (1989), The Lightning and the Sun (1989), Bring Me the Head of Geraldo Rivera! A Benediction in Four Movements (1990), Songs for the End of the World (1991), Witchcraft/Boots: A Tribute to the Sinatras (1991), Love Conquers All (1992) and 2012's compilation The Vinyl Solution.
Schreck is the author of The Manson File: Myth and Reality of an Outlaw Shaman (2011) Demons of the Flesh: The Complete Guide to Left Hand Path Sex Magic, (2002) co-authored with Zeena, Flowers from Hell: A Satanic Reader (2001), The Satanic Screen: An Illustrated Guide to the Devil in Cinema, (2001) and the first edition of The Manson File (1988).
In 1997, Schreck produced the first full-length album by British actor Christopher Lee Christopher Lee Sings Devils, Rogues & Other Villains which was released on Schreck's Wolfslair label.
Schreck's forthcoming series of novels The Dallas Book of the Dead was previewed in a reading broadcast on NPR's Berlin Stories in July, 2013. He directed the documentary Charles Manson Superstar[1] and has appeared in several other documentaries and films. He is married to Zeena Schreck (formerly Zeena LaVey).
Before his 2003 conversion to Tantric Buddhism, and his earlier renunciation of Satanism, Schreck was a prominent black magician who co-led the magical school The Werewolf Order with Zeena from 1988-1999. He worked closely in the late 1980s with Church of Satan founder Anton Lavey, although he was not a member of the Church. Schreck was a Master of the Temple of Set before resigning with several others in 2002 due to religious and administrative differences. In 2002, Schreck was one of the founding members of the Sethian Liberation Movement (formerly the Storm) which is currently located in Berlin.[2]
According to his Facebook page, Nikolas Schreck's band Kingdom of Heaven will perform a concert at the Wave-Gotik-Treffen music festival in Leipzig, Germany on May 22, 2015. Kingdom of Heaven's first album XXIII was released on iTunes and Amazon on 10 April 2015.
Nikolas Schreck performed live in Germany for the first time since 1992 in a sonic ritual concert entitled In Her Thrall: Evokation des Ewig-Weibichen at Tower Transmissions Music Festival IV in Dresden on 27 September 2014, collaborating with noted percussionist John Murphy. A documentary concert film of the concert, also entitled In Her Thrall was photographed by Boa Thor and released via Schreck's World Operations.
On December 7 and 8 of 2014, Schreck is scheduled to teach a public class "Sonic Magic in Theory and Praxis: A Two-Day Workshop for Magicians and Musicians" at the NK Projekt in Berlin, Germany, which is described by the NK Projekt as "a rare two-day course in the magical art of applying ritual magic, consciousness alteration and spiritual initiation to music".
Contents [hide]
1 Music 1.1 Kingdom of Heaven
1.2 Radio Werewolf
2 Video Werewolf
3 Writings 3.1 The Manson File
3.2 Other works
4 References
5 External links
Music[edit]
Kingdom of Heaven[edit]
In 2012, Nikolas Schreck (vocalist/lyricist) and James Collord (bassist/multi-instrumentalist) founded their musical collaboration Kingdom of Heaven (KOH) whose songs In Dreamland and Midnight in Cairo were premiered on a Nightwatch Radio interview in November 2013.
Kingdom of Heaven's first single The Ballad of Lurleen Tyler was made available via iTunes in December 2013, followed in March 2014 by a video for the song on the Kingdom of Heaven YouTube channel.
In May 2014, Nikolas Schreck was interviewed on the Green Tea Berlin radio program broadcast by Alex Radio and 88.4 Berlin which featured the European radio premiere of Kingdom of Heaven's song Enemy on Both Sides, which Schreck introduced as the theme to a non-existent James Bond movie
In March 2015, Schreck's Facebook page announced that Kingdom of Heaven will perform a concert at the Wave-Gotik-Treffen music festival in Leipzig Germany on May 22, 2015.
Radio Werewolf[edit]
Main article: Radio Werewolf
Schreck founded the band Radio Werewolf in 1984. His theatrical ritual performances as the group's lead singer, billed as Rallies of the Radio Werewolf Youth Party, provoked controversy, as did provocative appearances on several television programs. Tension over the contentious nature of the band's music led to the departure of co-founder Evil Wilhelm from Radio Werewolf shortly after their participation in the notorious 8-8-88 Rally in San Francisco.[3][4] Although there was hostility during the breakup, the band members later reconciled. Schreck's 1989 LP The Fiery Summons was the first Radio Werewolf album, although the previous formation recorded a still unreleased album in 1987.
Key to the bands beliefs about themselves was the existence of what they termed the "dominant frequency" or "alpha frequency." Schreck explained the band by saying "Radio Werewolf is a sound, a vibration, a certain frequency from another world. I just transmitted it. The bodies and minds of all the people who tuned into that frequency were the mediums that broadcast came through on. I only get credit for ”creating” it because I have a big mouth, I was in the front of the stage, and I was the one the media paid the most attention to."[5]
Zeena Schreck served as Radio Werewolf co-director from 1988-1993, the group's most prolific period, which saw the release of their recordings Songs for the End of the World, The Lightning and the Sun, Bring Me the Head of Geraldo Rivera!, Witchcraft-Boots: A Tribute to the Sinatras and Love Conquers All.
In 2012, Radio Werewolf's The Vinyl Solution - Analog Artifacts, Ritual Instrumentals and Undercover Versions was released by World Operations. The compact disc, the first official Radio Werewolf release since 1992, compiles newly remastered re-releases of 12 ambient sonic magic tracks from Zeena and Nikolas Schreck's rare Radio Werewolf vinyl recordings between 1989-1992 as well as 2 bonus tracks never previously released to the public.
Video Werewolf[edit]
Schreck's 1989 documentary, Charles Manson Superstar, told the story of Charles Manson's life as well as interviewing him in San Quentin Prison. The documentary featured parts of an originally hour and a half long interview of Manson, as well as many photographs and video footage, of the Manson Family, Spahn Ranch, and other related topics. Also discussed were Manson's alleged ties to Nazi movements (which he denied) and to various Satanic movements. Other Video Werewolf releases include The Zurich Experiment, which documented Radio Werewolf's last public concert.
Writings[edit]
The Manson File[edit]
Schreck's "The Manson File" (1988) is a thorough study of the philosophy, music and spiritual ideas of Charles Manson. The book brings Manson's previously obscure ATWA ecology concept and his religious devotion to the Gnostic god Abraxas to public attention. Schreck posited that the demonization of Manson (and perhaps the martyrdom of Manson by other groups) is the result of media sensationalism.[6]
In April 2011,[7] Schreck's The Manson File: Myth and Reality of an Outlaw Shaman, a new and greatly expanded edition of over 900 pages was released in France as "Le Dossier Manson : Mythe Et Réalité D’un Chaman Hors-La-Loi". Schreck delves deeply into previously unknown aspects of Manson's life and the Tate-La Bianca murders to present evidence that the "Helter Skelter" theory put forth by prosecuting attorney Vincent Bugliosi had little if anything to do with the reality of the crimes. According to Schreck, the murders of Sharon Tate and the others actually resulted from conventional underworld rivalries between drug dealer associates Charles Watson and Jay Sebring, who Schreck contends was linked to the Mafia.[8]
As of August 2011, the new version of Schreck's book became available in English format, on his personal website. A mass market edition was published in December 2011. Leading alternative culture source Metal Impact praised The Manson File, congratulating it on its comprehensive view of the subject, and for taking an academic stance, rather than the sensationalism of Vincent Bugliosi's Helter Skelter.[9]
Other works[edit]
Schreck's Flowers From Hell: A Satanic Reader was released in 2001. The book detailed the history of the use of Satan as a symbol, archetype, and deity in fiction throughout history, from ancient to modern times, and through several different cultures.[10]
The Satanic Screen: An Illustrated Guide to the Devil in Cinema was also released in 2001. The book revealed a detailed study of the use of the devil (in all his various forms) in film media throughout its existence. In an interview with American Movie Classics, Schreck noted that: "I think people's ideas of the devil and of Satan in the 20th century have largely been shaped and dictated by imagery from the cinema. I've studied the black arts in history and practice for many decades, and I found that Satanism had been looked at in terms of literature and music but never in terms of cinema."[11][12]
In Demons of the Flesh: The Complete Guide to Left Hand Path Sex Magic, released in 2002, Schreck and his wife Zeena explored the theory, history and practice of erotic sorcery and worship of the feminine in all of the world's religions. Presented as a ritual fusing of male and female, the book refutes common Western Satanic misconceptions of the left hand path by tracing its origins in Tantric Hinduism and Buddhism, and presents a crash course of magical exercises based on the Schrecks' own experiences as practitioners of what they term the sinister current.[13]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Charles Manson Superstar". IMDb.com. IMDb.com, Inc. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
2.Jump up ^ "December 17, 2002 Disinfo description of Temple of Set High Priestess Zeena Schreck, along with several Masters, Priests, Orders and Elements of the Temple of Set who resigned en masse to form The Storm, later renamed Sethian Liberation Movement".
3.Jump up ^ The Music Connection, "Who Needs a Record Deal when you're Busy Taking over the World?" Vol 3, #12, 1989
4.Jump up ^ "Race and Reason Interview with Radio Werewolf". July 8th, 1985. Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
5.Jump up ^ Nikolas Schreck on Radio Werewolf, The Manson Mystique, and the Satanic Panic of the 1980s: Interview by Christophe Lorenz, 2008 (Le Gourou du rock)
6.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (March 1988). The Manson File. Amok Press. ISBN 0-941693-04-X.
7.Jump up ^ Nikolas Schreck (April 2011). "The Manson File: Myth and Reality of an Outlaw Shaman". Nikolas Schreck. Nikolas Schreck. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
8.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (April 2011). Le Dossier Manson. Camion Noir. ISBN 2-35779-120-9.
9.Jump up ^ Mortne2001 (22 November 2011). "NIKOLAS SCHRECK (usa) - Artiste". Metal-Impact (in French and English). Metal-Impact. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
10.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (2001). Flowers From Hell: A Satanic Reader. Creation Books. ISBN 1-84068-024-5.
11.Jump up ^ "American Movie Classics Interviews Author Nikolas Schreck" 2002
12.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (2001). The Satanic Screen: An Illustrated Guide to the Devil in Cinema. Creation Books. ISBN 1-84068-043-1.
13.Jump up ^ Schreck, Nikolas (2002). Demons of the Flesh: The Complete Guide to Left Hand Path Sex Magic. Creation Books. ISBN 1-84068-061-X.
External links[edit]
Nikolas Schreck's official
Zeena Schreck's official
Authority control
MusicBrainz: e8032345-d849-4f04-958d-6904a7ca944b
Categories: American male musicians
Left-Hand Path
Setians
Goth subculture
American Satanists
Tibetan Buddhism
Living people
American male writers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolas_Schreck
James Mason (National Socialist)
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For other people named James Mason, see James Mason (disambiguation).
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (November 2009)
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James Nolan Mason (born 25 July 1952[1]) is an American National Socialist and Satanist.[citation needed]
Contents [hide]
1 American National Socialist
2 Universal Order
3 Notes
4 References
5 External links
6 See also
American National Socialist[edit]
Mason grew up in Chillicothe, Ohio. When he was 14 years old, he began communicating with George Lincoln Rockwell's American Nazi Party and became a youth member until his 18th birthday when he was sworn into the renamed National Socialist White People's Party. In the 1970s he was involved with the National Socialist Liberation Front. He later went on to form the Universal Order.
He edited, wrote, and published a newsletter titled SIEGE throughout the early to mid-1980s. Its contents were edited and published by Michael Moynihan as Siege: The Collected Writings of James Mason. He advocated leaderless resistance, calling for autonomous action by individuals rather than an authoritarian hierarchical organization.[2]
Universal Order[edit]
Universal Order is the name of a National Socialist "operational front" founded by James Mason. Growing out of the National Socialist Liberation Front, Mason founded the order in the early 1980s following the advice of Charles Manson, leader of the mass-murder cult "The Family". Not only did Manson suggest the name, but he also designed the logo used by the group, a swastika superimposed over the scales of justice.[3]
As its Leaders it recognized a lineage of Adolf Hitler, George Lincoln Rockwell, Joseph Tommasi, and Charles Manson. It later focused on presenting a National Socialist perspective on the paranormal.
Universal Order is not an actual organization (in the sense of having official members and a headquarters), "but a philosophical concept or a state of mind". Mason and collaborators "found it necessary and desirable to give our certain line of thought a distinguishing title so as to at least attempt [to] separate it from the more conservative takes on National Socialism." [4]
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://etext.ku.edu/view?docId=ksrlead/ksrl.kc.masonjames.xml
2.Jump up ^ Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right by Jeffrey Kaplan (Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc, 2000, ISBN 0-7425-0340-2)
3.Jump up ^ The Manson File edited by Nikolas Schreck, pp. 139-147 (Amok Press, 1988, ISBN 0-941693-04-X)
4.Jump up ^ http://forum.skadi.net/showthread.php?t=24104
References[edit]
Siege: The Collected Writings of James Mason edited and introduced by Michael M. Jenkins (Denver: Storm Books, 1992; Black Sun Publications, 2003, ISBN 0-9724408-0-1)
"The post-war paths of occult national socialism: from Rockwell and Madole to Manson" by Jeffrey Kaplan in Patterns of Prejudice Volume 35, Number 3, July 1, 2001, pp. 41–67 [1] (Publisher: Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group, ISSN 0031-322X).
Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right by Jeffrey Kaplan (Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc, 2000, ISBN 0-7425-0340-2)
Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke (2001, ISBN 0-8147-3155-4)
The Manson File edited by Nikolas Schreck, pp. 139–147 (Amok Press, 1988, ISBN 0-941693-04-X)
External links[edit]
Siege online audio edition
Review of Siege by Dominic Hampshire in The Scorpion, issue 18
The Universal Order File Archive at the Wayback Machine (archived March 16, 2008)
Siege online ebook.
See also[edit]
Nazi mysticism
Neo-Nazi groups of the United States
Categories: 1952 births
Living people
American neo-Nazis
Neo-Nazi organizations in the United States
Manson Family
People from Chillicothe, Ohio
American Satanists
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This page was last modified on 10 May 2015, at 20:58.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Mason_(National_Socialist)
James Mason (National Socialist)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other people named James Mason, see James Mason (disambiguation).
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (November 2009)
Part of a series on
Nazism
Emblem of the Nazi Party
Organizations[show]
History[show]
Ideology[show]
Racial ideology[show]
Final Solution[show]
People[show]
Adolf Hitler
Joseph Goebbels
Heinrich Himmler
Hermann Göring
Houston Stewart Chamberlain
Gregor Strasser
Otto Strasser
George Lincoln Rockwell
Nazism outside of Germany[show]
Lists[show]
Related topics[show]
Category Category
Portal icon Nazi Germany portal
v ·
t ·
e
James Nolan Mason (born 25 July 1952[1]) is an American National Socialist and Satanist.[citation needed]
Contents [hide]
1 American National Socialist
2 Universal Order
3 Notes
4 References
5 External links
6 See also
American National Socialist[edit]
Mason grew up in Chillicothe, Ohio. When he was 14 years old, he began communicating with George Lincoln Rockwell's American Nazi Party and became a youth member until his 18th birthday when he was sworn into the renamed National Socialist White People's Party. In the 1970s he was involved with the National Socialist Liberation Front. He later went on to form the Universal Order.
He edited, wrote, and published a newsletter titled SIEGE throughout the early to mid-1980s. Its contents were edited and published by Michael Moynihan as Siege: The Collected Writings of James Mason. He advocated leaderless resistance, calling for autonomous action by individuals rather than an authoritarian hierarchical organization.[2]
Universal Order[edit]
Universal Order is the name of a National Socialist "operational front" founded by James Mason. Growing out of the National Socialist Liberation Front, Mason founded the order in the early 1980s following the advice of Charles Manson, leader of the mass-murder cult "The Family". Not only did Manson suggest the name, but he also designed the logo used by the group, a swastika superimposed over the scales of justice.[3]
As its Leaders it recognized a lineage of Adolf Hitler, George Lincoln Rockwell, Joseph Tommasi, and Charles Manson. It later focused on presenting a National Socialist perspective on the paranormal.
Universal Order is not an actual organization (in the sense of having official members and a headquarters), "but a philosophical concept or a state of mind". Mason and collaborators "found it necessary and desirable to give our certain line of thought a distinguishing title so as to at least attempt [to] separate it from the more conservative takes on National Socialism." [4]
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://etext.ku.edu/view?docId=ksrlead/ksrl.kc.masonjames.xml
2.Jump up ^ Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right by Jeffrey Kaplan (Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc, 2000, ISBN 0-7425-0340-2)
3.Jump up ^ The Manson File edited by Nikolas Schreck, pp. 139-147 (Amok Press, 1988, ISBN 0-941693-04-X)
4.Jump up ^ http://forum.skadi.net/showthread.php?t=24104
References[edit]
Siege: The Collected Writings of James Mason edited and introduced by Michael M. Jenkins (Denver: Storm Books, 1992; Black Sun Publications, 2003, ISBN 0-9724408-0-1)
"The post-war paths of occult national socialism: from Rockwell and Madole to Manson" by Jeffrey Kaplan in Patterns of Prejudice Volume 35, Number 3, July 1, 2001, pp. 41–67 [1] (Publisher: Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group, ISSN 0031-322X).
Encyclopedia of White Power: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right by Jeffrey Kaplan (Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc, 2000, ISBN 0-7425-0340-2)
Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke (2001, ISBN 0-8147-3155-4)
The Manson File edited by Nikolas Schreck, pp. 139–147 (Amok Press, 1988, ISBN 0-941693-04-X)
External links[edit]
Siege online audio edition
Review of Siege by Dominic Hampshire in The Scorpion, issue 18
The Universal Order File Archive at the Wayback Machine (archived March 16, 2008)
Siege online ebook.
See also[edit]
Nazi mysticism
Neo-Nazi groups of the United States
Categories: 1952 births
Living people
American neo-Nazis
Neo-Nazi organizations in the United States
Manson Family
People from Chillicothe, Ohio
American Satanists
Navigation menu
Create account
Log in
Article
Talk
Read
Edit
View history
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Edit links
This page was last modified on 10 May 2015, at 20:58.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Mason_(National_Socialist)
Steven Johnson Leyba
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Steven Johnson Leyba (born September 3, 1966) is an artist, painter, fine art book maker, author, spoken word performance artist, and musician, who claims Mescalero Apache ancestry. He has been called the father of “Sexpressionism” by art critic Carlo McCormick.
His work has been criticized for using the swastika symbol and sexual imagery for the purposes of shock and controversy.
In 1994 he was made a Reverend in the Church of Satan by Anton LaVey.
Contents [hide]
1 Work
2 Inspiration
3 Censorship
4 Fame
5 Books
6 References
7 External links
Work[edit]
Leyba’s mixed media paintings utilize photographic collage, acrylic paint, oil paint, beadwork, as well as human blood. Leyba’s work attempts to 'liberate' human sexuality from commercialism. Using recontextualized images of human genitalia he emphasizes aesthetic notions of beauty and the politics of sexuality.
His hand-made fine art books which can weigh up to seventy pounds consist of bound pages of paintings on canvas.
His public performances consist of spoken word rants, cutting, piercing and extreme acts of degradation and sadomasochism.
He has released two albums of spoken word and music on Adversary Records: The Rev. Steven Johnson Leyba Presents: The United Satanic Apache Front, and Fuck Your Freedom. He has produced album covers for the bands Unveiled and Faggot.
Leyba is currently on mixmedia Book 14 : WAR IS TRUTH.
Lebya is also involved with a side musical project entitled Project #9, a collaboration of Leyba's spoken word, and a highly regarded artist by the name of Marly Preston. They have toured the west coast, and have released one album together, entitled Covenant of the Blade.[1][2]
Inspiration[edit]
Leyba is inspired by Native American motifs such as the swastika, Apache Gahn Dancers, images of Native American warriors such as Geronimo, as well as the landscape of the human body.
Censorship[edit]
In March 1997 his painting “Wounded Knee Decomposition” was censored by the KiMo Theater in Albuquerque, New Mexico during a Native American art exhibition held to raise money to allow American Indian prison inmates to hold and attend sweat lodge ceremonies. A special screen was set up to segregate his painting from the rest of the exhibit.[3]
Fame[edit]
In 1997 he performed his “Apache Whiskey Rite” before an audience of the San Francisco political establishment at the political consultant Jack Davis’ fiftieth birthday party. During the performance Leyba was sodomized by a woman wearing a bottle of Jack Daniels whiskey in a harness. The performance resulted in national media attention [4][5] including the front page of the New York Times,[6] references in scholarly articles,[7] and public debate.
In 2002 he was the subject of the film documentary "Unspeakable:The Life & Art of Reverend Steven Johnson Leyba" [8] by Marc Rokoff.
Books[edit]
Leyba’s first book Coyote, Satan, Amerika was published by Last Gasp in 2001 and featured reviews of his work by William S. Burroughs, H.R. Giger, Poppy Z. Brite, Clive Barker, and others. His memoir The Last American Painter, with an introduction by Genesis P-Orridge was published by Coyotel Press in 2008. In 2009 Coyotel Press published his fine art book, Sexpressionist Portraits, and a collaboration with Dave Archer, Steve Hapy, and Will Taylor, The Trickster’s Bible.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://imaterrorist.com/aboutus.html
2.Jump up ^ "Dinner and Art With Satan". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
3.Jump up ^ "Albuquerque Journal 3/22/97". Retrieved 22 November 2014.
4.Jump up ^ "The San Francisco Chronicle 5/8/97". SFGate. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
5.Jump up ^ "Danielle Willis". Retrieved 22 November 2014.
6.Jump up ^ "New York Times 05/10/97". 10 May 1997. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
7.Jump up ^ "“Human Dignity and Contemporary Liberalism” Brad Stetson". Retrieved 22 November 2014.
8.Jump up ^ "San Francisco Independent Film Festival". Retrieved 22 November 2014.
External links[edit]
Steven Leyba's Homepage
Unspeakable Movie
Categories: 1966 births
Living people
American Satanists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Johnson_Leyba
Steven Johnson Leyba
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Steven Johnson Leyba (born September 3, 1966) is an artist, painter, fine art book maker, author, spoken word performance artist, and musician, who claims Mescalero Apache ancestry. He has been called the father of “Sexpressionism” by art critic Carlo McCormick.
His work has been criticized for using the swastika symbol and sexual imagery for the purposes of shock and controversy.
In 1994 he was made a Reverend in the Church of Satan by Anton LaVey.
Contents [hide]
1 Work
2 Inspiration
3 Censorship
4 Fame
5 Books
6 References
7 External links
Work[edit]
Leyba’s mixed media paintings utilize photographic collage, acrylic paint, oil paint, beadwork, as well as human blood. Leyba’s work attempts to 'liberate' human sexuality from commercialism. Using recontextualized images of human genitalia he emphasizes aesthetic notions of beauty and the politics of sexuality.
His hand-made fine art books which can weigh up to seventy pounds consist of bound pages of paintings on canvas.
His public performances consist of spoken word rants, cutting, piercing and extreme acts of degradation and sadomasochism.
He has released two albums of spoken word and music on Adversary Records: The Rev. Steven Johnson Leyba Presents: The United Satanic Apache Front, and Fuck Your Freedom. He has produced album covers for the bands Unveiled and Faggot.
Leyba is currently on mixmedia Book 14 : WAR IS TRUTH.
Lebya is also involved with a side musical project entitled Project #9, a collaboration of Leyba's spoken word, and a highly regarded artist by the name of Marly Preston. They have toured the west coast, and have released one album together, entitled Covenant of the Blade.[1][2]
Inspiration[edit]
Leyba is inspired by Native American motifs such as the swastika, Apache Gahn Dancers, images of Native American warriors such as Geronimo, as well as the landscape of the human body.
Censorship[edit]
In March 1997 his painting “Wounded Knee Decomposition” was censored by the KiMo Theater in Albuquerque, New Mexico during a Native American art exhibition held to raise money to allow American Indian prison inmates to hold and attend sweat lodge ceremonies. A special screen was set up to segregate his painting from the rest of the exhibit.[3]
Fame[edit]
In 1997 he performed his “Apache Whiskey Rite” before an audience of the San Francisco political establishment at the political consultant Jack Davis’ fiftieth birthday party. During the performance Leyba was sodomized by a woman wearing a bottle of Jack Daniels whiskey in a harness. The performance resulted in national media attention [4][5] including the front page of the New York Times,[6] references in scholarly articles,[7] and public debate.
In 2002 he was the subject of the film documentary "Unspeakable:The Life & Art of Reverend Steven Johnson Leyba" [8] by Marc Rokoff.
Books[edit]
Leyba’s first book Coyote, Satan, Amerika was published by Last Gasp in 2001 and featured reviews of his work by William S. Burroughs, H.R. Giger, Poppy Z. Brite, Clive Barker, and others. His memoir The Last American Painter, with an introduction by Genesis P-Orridge was published by Coyotel Press in 2008. In 2009 Coyotel Press published his fine art book, Sexpressionist Portraits, and a collaboration with Dave Archer, Steve Hapy, and Will Taylor, The Trickster’s Bible.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://imaterrorist.com/aboutus.html
2.Jump up ^ "Dinner and Art With Satan". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
3.Jump up ^ "Albuquerque Journal 3/22/97". Retrieved 22 November 2014.
4.Jump up ^ "The San Francisco Chronicle 5/8/97". SFGate. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
5.Jump up ^ "Danielle Willis". Retrieved 22 November 2014.
6.Jump up ^ "New York Times 05/10/97". 10 May 1997. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
7.Jump up ^ "“Human Dignity and Contemporary Liberalism” Brad Stetson". Retrieved 22 November 2014.
8.Jump up ^ "San Francisco Independent Film Festival". Retrieved 22 November 2014.
External links[edit]
Steven Leyba's Homepage
Unspeakable Movie
Categories: 1966 births
Living people
American Satanists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Johnson_Leyba
John Katehis
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Jump to: navigation, search
John Katehis is an American student who was convicted in 2011 of murdering George Weber, a popular radio reporter, in March 2009.[1] Because Katehis met Weber through Craigslist, a popular classified advertising website, the media dubbed him a Craigslist killer, a generic term for murderers who find victims by placing or responding to ads in Craigslist.
Contents [hide]
1 Arrest for murder
2 Confession
3 Mistrial, retrial, and conviction
4 Further reading
5 See also
6 Bibliography
7 References
Arrest for murder[edit]
On March 25, 2009, police arrested 16-year-old John Katehis of Queens, New York for the murder of the former radio reporter George Weber. Weber, 47 years old, was a well-known radio voice; during an extended career, he had worked as an on-air reporter for WABC in New York City, KGO in San Francisco, and KTLK and KMPC in Los Angeles.[2]
Confession[edit]
Katehis confessed to the crime when apprehended. He said that he was a Satanist allied with the teachings on Anton Lavey and the Church of Satan[3][4] and also claimed to be a sadomasochist. He told police that he had responded to his victim's advertisement on Craigslist for "rough sex," but stabbed Weber in self-defense after Weber tried to stab him.[3] Weber's body was found bound and he had been stabbed 50 times.[2] In March, 2009, Katehis was dubbed a "Craigslist Killer" by the media.[5]
Mistrial, retrial, and conviction[edit]
On March 26, 2009, and despite his original confession a day earlier, Katehis pleaded not guilty to charges of second-degree murder and weapons possession. He was held without bail.[6] His lawyer has told reporters that although the pair originally met through Craigslist, they had an ongoing relationship.[7]
Following a mistrial, Katehis was retried and convicted in November 2011.[1]
Further reading[edit]
Author David McConnell in his book American Honor Killings: Desire and Rage Among Men explored the Katehis case as a main example of lethal hate crimes on homosexual men where the perpetrators exhibited some degree of homosexuality themselves.[8]
See also[edit]
Craigslist killer
Internet homicide
Lonely hearts killer
Bibliography[edit]
McConnell, David; (2013). American Honor Killings: Desire and Rage Among Men. Akashic Books. ISBN 978-1617751325.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Staff report (November 15, 2011). Teen Convicted Of Fatally Stabbing Brooklyn Radio Reporter. NY1 News
2.^ Jump up to: a b "Police: Slain Reporter Met Teen Killer on Craigslist". KTLA. March 25, 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
3.^ Jump up to: a b Celona, Larry; Doyle, John; Chiaramonte, Perry (March 25, 2009). "Teen Confesses in Newsman Slay". New York Post. Retrieved April 21, 2009. "Weber, 47, an ABC News radio broadcaster, and the teen met on Craigslist and had been e-mailing one another. Katehis, a Satan-loving teen with a knife fetish and a girlfriend, appeared to have a propensity for violence."
4.Jump up ^ Celona, Larry; Mongelli, Lorena; Ginsberg, Alex (March 26, 2009). "Radio Man's Sex Date with Devil". New York Post. Retrieved April 21, 2009. "On [his] MySpace page, Katehis declares himself heterosexual and professes his devotion to Church of Satan founder Anton LaVey. He sports tattoos on his arm reading, '666' and 'Diablo.'"
5.Jump up ^ "Alleged Craigslist Killer: 'Cash for Story'". The Advocate. March 30, 2009. Retrieved April 21, 2009. "March 30, 2009: The Advocate refers to John Katehis as "Craigslist Killer.""
6.Jump up ^ Eden Carter Wood (27 March 2009). "Teen sadomasachist pleads not guilty to murder". PinkPaper. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
7.Jump up ^ "Confessed Teen Slayer Pleads Not Guilty", Associated Press via New York Post (March 26, 2009)
8.Jump up ^ "24-March-2013 Interview on Outsight Radio Hours". Archive.org. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
Categories: 2009 murders in the United States
American people convicted of murder
American Satanists
Living people
Murder committed by minors
People convicted of murder by New York
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Katehis
John Katehis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
John Katehis is an American student who was convicted in 2011 of murdering George Weber, a popular radio reporter, in March 2009.[1] Because Katehis met Weber through Craigslist, a popular classified advertising website, the media dubbed him a Craigslist killer, a generic term for murderers who find victims by placing or responding to ads in Craigslist.
Contents [hide]
1 Arrest for murder
2 Confession
3 Mistrial, retrial, and conviction
4 Further reading
5 See also
6 Bibliography
7 References
Arrest for murder[edit]
On March 25, 2009, police arrested 16-year-old John Katehis of Queens, New York for the murder of the former radio reporter George Weber. Weber, 47 years old, was a well-known radio voice; during an extended career, he had worked as an on-air reporter for WABC in New York City, KGO in San Francisco, and KTLK and KMPC in Los Angeles.[2]
Confession[edit]
Katehis confessed to the crime when apprehended. He said that he was a Satanist allied with the teachings on Anton Lavey and the Church of Satan[3][4] and also claimed to be a sadomasochist. He told police that he had responded to his victim's advertisement on Craigslist for "rough sex," but stabbed Weber in self-defense after Weber tried to stab him.[3] Weber's body was found bound and he had been stabbed 50 times.[2] In March, 2009, Katehis was dubbed a "Craigslist Killer" by the media.[5]
Mistrial, retrial, and conviction[edit]
On March 26, 2009, and despite his original confession a day earlier, Katehis pleaded not guilty to charges of second-degree murder and weapons possession. He was held without bail.[6] His lawyer has told reporters that although the pair originally met through Craigslist, they had an ongoing relationship.[7]
Following a mistrial, Katehis was retried and convicted in November 2011.[1]
Further reading[edit]
Author David McConnell in his book American Honor Killings: Desire and Rage Among Men explored the Katehis case as a main example of lethal hate crimes on homosexual men where the perpetrators exhibited some degree of homosexuality themselves.[8]
See also[edit]
Craigslist killer
Internet homicide
Lonely hearts killer
Bibliography[edit]
McConnell, David; (2013). American Honor Killings: Desire and Rage Among Men. Akashic Books. ISBN 978-1617751325.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Staff report (November 15, 2011). Teen Convicted Of Fatally Stabbing Brooklyn Radio Reporter. NY1 News
2.^ Jump up to: a b "Police: Slain Reporter Met Teen Killer on Craigslist". KTLA. March 25, 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
3.^ Jump up to: a b Celona, Larry; Doyle, John; Chiaramonte, Perry (March 25, 2009). "Teen Confesses in Newsman Slay". New York Post. Retrieved April 21, 2009. "Weber, 47, an ABC News radio broadcaster, and the teen met on Craigslist and had been e-mailing one another. Katehis, a Satan-loving teen with a knife fetish and a girlfriend, appeared to have a propensity for violence."
4.Jump up ^ Celona, Larry; Mongelli, Lorena; Ginsberg, Alex (March 26, 2009). "Radio Man's Sex Date with Devil". New York Post. Retrieved April 21, 2009. "On [his] MySpace page, Katehis declares himself heterosexual and professes his devotion to Church of Satan founder Anton LaVey. He sports tattoos on his arm reading, '666' and 'Diablo.'"
5.Jump up ^ "Alleged Craigslist Killer: 'Cash for Story'". The Advocate. March 30, 2009. Retrieved April 21, 2009. "March 30, 2009: The Advocate refers to John Katehis as "Craigslist Killer.""
6.Jump up ^ Eden Carter Wood (27 March 2009). "Teen sadomasachist pleads not guilty to murder". PinkPaper. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
7.Jump up ^ "Confessed Teen Slayer Pleads Not Guilty", Associated Press via New York Post (March 26, 2009)
8.Jump up ^ "24-March-2013 Interview on Outsight Radio Hours". Archive.org. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
Categories: 2009 murders in the United States
American people convicted of murder
American Satanists
Living people
Murder committed by minors
People convicted of murder by New York
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Ricky Kasso
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2009)
Richard Kasso
Born
March 29, 1967
Died
July 7, 1984 (aged 17)
Cause of death
Suicide by hanging
Other names
The Acid King
Education
High school dropout
Religion
Satanist
Richard "Ricky" Kasso (March 29, 1967 – July 7, 1984), also known as The Acid King, murdered 17-year-old acquaintance Gary Lauwers in Northport, Long Island, New York on June 16, 1984. Two other teens, Jimmy Troiano and Albert Quinones, were present at the murder, which took place in the Aztakea Woods of Northport while all four were high on what they believed (and was reported) to be mescaline but was most likely either PCP or LSD[citation needed].
The murder became sensational news in New York City and across the nation due to the torture of Lauwers and alleged Satanic ritualistic aspects of the murder. The murder took place during a period when there was much public concern[1][2][3] over the effects of Satanic and occult content in heavy metal music and in role playing games. Kasso was wearing an AC/DC T-shirt at the time of his arrest and was a fan of groups such as Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, and Ozzy Osbourne.
Contents [hide]
1 Biographical background
2 The murder
3 The aftermath
4 Books and films about the murder
5 See also
6 Further reading
7 Notes
8 External links
Biographical background[edit]
Kasso was the son of a local high school history teacher and football coach at affluent Cold Spring Harbor High School. Several years prior to the murder, his father, Gregory Pitch Kasso, had been named Nassau County Football Coach of the Year by Newsday. Kasso ran away from home as a young teen and lived on the streets of suburban Northport, Long Island, New York, usually sleeping in the local woods, or in the cars, garages, backyards and houses of friends. He often took drugs, mainly marijuana, hashish, LSD (hence the nickname "Acid King"), PCP, and purple-microdots which were thought to be mescaline. He tended to consume all of his drugs, but had on occasion dealt drugs in Northport as well. Kasso dabbled in the occult and Satanism and was friends with the members of a loosely-organized group who referred to themselves as the "Knights of the Black Circle". There are reports[citation needed] that he participated in Satanic ceremonies, mostly in Northport, and is said to have celebrated Walpurgisnacht at the infamous Amityville Horror house in 1984. Kasso also expressed to friends his great interest in Anton LaVey's book The Satanic Bible. On at least one occasion, Ricky's parents admitted him to the South Oaks Psychiatric Hospital (formerly known as the Amityville Asylum) in Amityville, New York for drug rehabilitation and psychiatric care.[citation needed]
In the year prior to the murder, Kasso and others had been arrested for grave robbing, taking a human skull, a skeleton hand and other objects from a local cemetery. About a month after his arrest for this crime, Ricky contracted pneumonia and was treated at Long Island Jewish Hospital. During his hospital stay, his parents tried to convince the doctors to commit him for involuntary psychiatric care. However, the conclusion of the psychiatrists was that Kasso exhibited antisocial behavior but was neither psychotic nor a violent danger, and Kasso was released upon recovering from his bout with pneumonia.
The murder[edit]
The conflict between Kasso and Lauwers had started several months earlier when Lauwers allegedly stole 10 bags of PCP from Kasso's jacket, after he had passed out at a party. Kasso confronted him soon after the incident, prompting Lauwers to immediately return five of the ten bags of PCP. Lauwers also promised to repay Kasso $50 for the five bags of PCP that had been used, but failed to do so. As a result, Kasso reportedly beat Lauwers on four separate occasions. On the night of the murder, Kasso visited the small gazebo in the new Cow Harbor park and borrowed a radio from friend Mark Fisher. He then invited Lauwers to get high, claiming that he was ready to forgive the $50 debt and wanted to be friends. The group walked to Aztakea woods, set up camp and ingested several doses, or hits, of what they believed to be mescaline, but was most likely either PCP or LSD[citation needed]. The teens attempted to start a small fire, but all of the available firewood was too wet and would not ignite. Lauwers used his socks, as well as the sleeves from his denim jacket, as kindling to start the fire.
The situation escalated into violence when Kasso suggested that they should also use some of Lauwer's hair as kindling for the fire. Kasso scuffled with Lauwers, bit him on the neck and stabbed him in the chest. Kasso continued his assault on Lauwers for an extended period of time, which was reported to have lasted three to four hours. Quinones claimed that Troiano helped Kasso and held Lauwers during the attack. During subsequent testimony he provided under immunity, however, Quinones did assume some responsibility for holding Lauwers down, as well as chasing Lauwers and dragging him back to Kasso when he had attempted to flee.[citation needed] Lauwers was stabbed somewhere between 17 and 36 times, incurred burns, and his eyeballs had been gouged out. It was also reported that stones had been shoved down his throat. During the attack, Kasso allegedly commanded Lauwers to "Say you love Satan", but Lauwers is said to have instead replied "I love my mother". After the attack, Kasso and Troiano covered Lauwers' body with leaves and small branches. As the group was departing Aztakea, Lauwers was reported to have sat up and repeated "I love my mother", causing Kasso to resume the attack until he was certain that Lauwers had died.
The aftermath[edit]
In the aftermath, Kasso reportedly bragged about the murder to local teens, claiming the murder was a "human sacrifice". Kasso told some that he had murdered Lauwers because Satan had commanded him to. Kasso claimed Satan manifested in the form of a black crow, and that the crow had cawed, something he interpreted as Satan's command to murder Lauwers. Kasso even brought several disbelieving teens to view Lauwers' decomposing body. However, it wasn't until two weeks went by, on July 1, that the murder was reported to the police via an anonymous tip. The tip reportedly came from a girl who claimed she had overheard a group of girls discussing the murder. On July 4, 1984, police used dogs to search Aztakea woods and recovered the decomposing and mutilated body of Gary Lauwers. On July 7, two days after his arrest, Kasso committed suicide by hanging himself in his jail cell.
Jimmy Troiano signed a confession that he later recanted. Quinones gave witness account that Troiano helped Kasso during the murder. However, due to his drugged state, the testimony of Quinones was brought into question and Troiano was acquitted of second-degree murder in a trial by jury in April 1985.
Books and films about the murder[edit]
Books
Say You Love Satan (1987, ISBN 0-440-17574-7) by David St. Clair
Documentaries
Satan in the Suburbs (2000, TV) directed by Scott Hillier
"The Devil Worshippers" (1985, TV) Episode of ABC news program 20/20 which features the Kasso murder.
Occult Killers (2012, TV) directed by Jean Leclerc[disambiguation needed] for the Biography channel and features the Kasso Murder.
Films
Ricky 6 (2000), also known as Ricky Six and Say You Love Satan, directed by Peter Filardi
My Sweet Satan (1994) directed by Jim Van Bebber
Black Circle Boys (1997) directed by Matthew Carnahan
Songs
"0-0 (Where Evil Dwells)" (1987, Dirtdish) by Wiseblood
"Bad Party" (1988, Beelzebubba) by The Dead Milkmen
"Cryin' Shame" (1989, Wake Me When It's Over) by Faster Pussycat
"Psychedelic Sacrifice" (1993, Burn, Baby, Burn!) by The Electric Hellfire Club
"0-0 (Where Evil Dwells)" (1998, Obsolete) cover by Fear Factory
"Catacomb Kids" (2007, None Shall Pass) by Aesop Rock
"From Listening to Lightning" (2009, The Lightning EP) by Wheatus
"Severed Heads of State" (2012, The Grimy Awards) by Ill Bill
"Ricky Kasso" (2013, Howie Made Me Do It 3) by Ill Bill
"Black Circle (S.Y.L.S.)" (2015, Where Evil Dwells) by Ranger
See also[edit]
Acid King
Satanism
Church of Satan
Anton LaVey
Further reading[edit]
In Rolling Stone magazine
November 22, 1984. "Kids in the Dark", by David Breskin/
In Newsday (Long Island, N.Y.) — only those articles since 10/1/1985 are listed
April 16, 1987. The Murder They'd Rather Forget, by Joshua Quittner.
April 16, 1987. The Theater of Suburban Rage The murder was two weeks old before the police were notified, though many teens knew of it. The play asks how such a thing could happen. Easily, it answers. by Joseph C. Koenenn.
October 14, 1990. A Shared Secret: Murder in Northport, By Thomas Maier and Rex Smith.
January 16, 1993. Upstate Suspect [James V. Troiano] Has LI Past, by Monte R. Young.
In the Toronto Sun
July 17, 1988. The Acid King by Max Haines.
In the Philadelphia Daily News (Pennsylvania)
July 11, 1984. "Satanic Slaying Rocks A Village", by Bill Reinecke
Chronology of the trial in the New York Times (available online)
July 8, 1984. Youth Found Hanged in L.I. Cell After His Arrest in Ritual Killing, By Robert D. Mcfadden
July 12, 1984. Teenager Indicted on L.I. in Ritual Slaying of Youth
July 12, 1984. Our Towns. By Michael Norman
December 27, 1984. 'Satanic Ritual' is Now Ruled Out in June Slaying of Youth in L.I. Woods. By Lindsey Gruson
March 27, 1985. Jury Selection Begins in Stabbing Death of Teenager in Northport. By Lindsey Gruson
April 5, 1985. L.I. Murder Trial Opens: Confession is Described By Lindsey Gruson
April 5, 1985. L.I. Murder Trial Opens: Confession is Described. By Lindsey Gruson
April 9, 1985. Jury In L. I. Case is Given Details of Ritual Death. By Lindsey Gruson
April 11, 1985. Trial Makes Young Visitors Uneasy. By Lindsey Gruson
April 17, 1985. L.I. Youth Called Lucid On Stabbing.
April 18, 1985. Defense Lawyer in L.I. Trial Loves a Good Murder Case. By Lindsey Gruson
April 19, 1985. Story of Murder May Be Illusion, Expert Testifies. By Lindsey Gruson
April 23, 1985. Closing Arguments Made in Trial of Youth Accused in Drug-Induced Slaying on L.I. By Lindsey Gruson
April 25, 1985. Jury in L.I. Slaying Meets for 7 Hours
April 26, 1985. L.I. Jury Acquits Defendant in Killing of Youth in Woods
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ There were two famous suicidal deaths in the 1980s that lead to trials in U.S. courts, one involving Judas Priest and a second involving Ozzy Osbourne.
2.Jump up ^ Several political groups advocated censorship and/or ratings for rock music, most notably Tipper Gore's Parents Music Resource Center and Jerry Falwell's Moral Majority.
3.Jump up ^ A history of music censorship is given in Deflem, Mathieu. 1993. "Rap, Rock, and Censorship: Popular Culture and the Technologies of Justice." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Law and Society Association, Chicago, May 27–30, 1993. Another reference is Lynxwiler, John and Gay, David, 'Moral boundaries and deviant music: public attitudes toward heavy metal and rap', Deviant Behavior, 21:1, 63 - 85.
External links[edit]
"Kids In The Dark" by David Breskin or [1]
Categories: 1967 births
1984 deaths
Crimes involving Satanism or the occult
American murderers of children
American Satanists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky_Kasso
Ricky Kasso
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2009)
Richard Kasso
Born
March 29, 1967
Died
July 7, 1984 (aged 17)
Cause of death
Suicide by hanging
Other names
The Acid King
Education
High school dropout
Religion
Satanist
Richard "Ricky" Kasso (March 29, 1967 – July 7, 1984), also known as The Acid King, murdered 17-year-old acquaintance Gary Lauwers in Northport, Long Island, New York on June 16, 1984. Two other teens, Jimmy Troiano and Albert Quinones, were present at the murder, which took place in the Aztakea Woods of Northport while all four were high on what they believed (and was reported) to be mescaline but was most likely either PCP or LSD[citation needed].
The murder became sensational news in New York City and across the nation due to the torture of Lauwers and alleged Satanic ritualistic aspects of the murder. The murder took place during a period when there was much public concern[1][2][3] over the effects of Satanic and occult content in heavy metal music and in role playing games. Kasso was wearing an AC/DC T-shirt at the time of his arrest and was a fan of groups such as Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, and Ozzy Osbourne.
Contents [hide]
1 Biographical background
2 The murder
3 The aftermath
4 Books and films about the murder
5 See also
6 Further reading
7 Notes
8 External links
Biographical background[edit]
Kasso was the son of a local high school history teacher and football coach at affluent Cold Spring Harbor High School. Several years prior to the murder, his father, Gregory Pitch Kasso, had been named Nassau County Football Coach of the Year by Newsday. Kasso ran away from home as a young teen and lived on the streets of suburban Northport, Long Island, New York, usually sleeping in the local woods, or in the cars, garages, backyards and houses of friends. He often took drugs, mainly marijuana, hashish, LSD (hence the nickname "Acid King"), PCP, and purple-microdots which were thought to be mescaline. He tended to consume all of his drugs, but had on occasion dealt drugs in Northport as well. Kasso dabbled in the occult and Satanism and was friends with the members of a loosely-organized group who referred to themselves as the "Knights of the Black Circle". There are reports[citation needed] that he participated in Satanic ceremonies, mostly in Northport, and is said to have celebrated Walpurgisnacht at the infamous Amityville Horror house in 1984. Kasso also expressed to friends his great interest in Anton LaVey's book The Satanic Bible. On at least one occasion, Ricky's parents admitted him to the South Oaks Psychiatric Hospital (formerly known as the Amityville Asylum) in Amityville, New York for drug rehabilitation and psychiatric care.[citation needed]
In the year prior to the murder, Kasso and others had been arrested for grave robbing, taking a human skull, a skeleton hand and other objects from a local cemetery. About a month after his arrest for this crime, Ricky contracted pneumonia and was treated at Long Island Jewish Hospital. During his hospital stay, his parents tried to convince the doctors to commit him for involuntary psychiatric care. However, the conclusion of the psychiatrists was that Kasso exhibited antisocial behavior but was neither psychotic nor a violent danger, and Kasso was released upon recovering from his bout with pneumonia.
The murder[edit]
The conflict between Kasso and Lauwers had started several months earlier when Lauwers allegedly stole 10 bags of PCP from Kasso's jacket, after he had passed out at a party. Kasso confronted him soon after the incident, prompting Lauwers to immediately return five of the ten bags of PCP. Lauwers also promised to repay Kasso $50 for the five bags of PCP that had been used, but failed to do so. As a result, Kasso reportedly beat Lauwers on four separate occasions. On the night of the murder, Kasso visited the small gazebo in the new Cow Harbor park and borrowed a radio from friend Mark Fisher. He then invited Lauwers to get high, claiming that he was ready to forgive the $50 debt and wanted to be friends. The group walked to Aztakea woods, set up camp and ingested several doses, or hits, of what they believed to be mescaline, but was most likely either PCP or LSD[citation needed]. The teens attempted to start a small fire, but all of the available firewood was too wet and would not ignite. Lauwers used his socks, as well as the sleeves from his denim jacket, as kindling to start the fire.
The situation escalated into violence when Kasso suggested that they should also use some of Lauwer's hair as kindling for the fire. Kasso scuffled with Lauwers, bit him on the neck and stabbed him in the chest. Kasso continued his assault on Lauwers for an extended period of time, which was reported to have lasted three to four hours. Quinones claimed that Troiano helped Kasso and held Lauwers during the attack. During subsequent testimony he provided under immunity, however, Quinones did assume some responsibility for holding Lauwers down, as well as chasing Lauwers and dragging him back to Kasso when he had attempted to flee.[citation needed] Lauwers was stabbed somewhere between 17 and 36 times, incurred burns, and his eyeballs had been gouged out. It was also reported that stones had been shoved down his throat. During the attack, Kasso allegedly commanded Lauwers to "Say you love Satan", but Lauwers is said to have instead replied "I love my mother". After the attack, Kasso and Troiano covered Lauwers' body with leaves and small branches. As the group was departing Aztakea, Lauwers was reported to have sat up and repeated "I love my mother", causing Kasso to resume the attack until he was certain that Lauwers had died.
The aftermath[edit]
In the aftermath, Kasso reportedly bragged about the murder to local teens, claiming the murder was a "human sacrifice". Kasso told some that he had murdered Lauwers because Satan had commanded him to. Kasso claimed Satan manifested in the form of a black crow, and that the crow had cawed, something he interpreted as Satan's command to murder Lauwers. Kasso even brought several disbelieving teens to view Lauwers' decomposing body. However, it wasn't until two weeks went by, on July 1, that the murder was reported to the police via an anonymous tip. The tip reportedly came from a girl who claimed she had overheard a group of girls discussing the murder. On July 4, 1984, police used dogs to search Aztakea woods and recovered the decomposing and mutilated body of Gary Lauwers. On July 7, two days after his arrest, Kasso committed suicide by hanging himself in his jail cell.
Jimmy Troiano signed a confession that he later recanted. Quinones gave witness account that Troiano helped Kasso during the murder. However, due to his drugged state, the testimony of Quinones was brought into question and Troiano was acquitted of second-degree murder in a trial by jury in April 1985.
Books and films about the murder[edit]
Books
Say You Love Satan (1987, ISBN 0-440-17574-7) by David St. Clair
Documentaries
Satan in the Suburbs (2000, TV) directed by Scott Hillier
"The Devil Worshippers" (1985, TV) Episode of ABC news program 20/20 which features the Kasso murder.
Occult Killers (2012, TV) directed by Jean Leclerc[disambiguation needed] for the Biography channel and features the Kasso Murder.
Films
Ricky 6 (2000), also known as Ricky Six and Say You Love Satan, directed by Peter Filardi
My Sweet Satan (1994) directed by Jim Van Bebber
Black Circle Boys (1997) directed by Matthew Carnahan
Songs
"0-0 (Where Evil Dwells)" (1987, Dirtdish) by Wiseblood
"Bad Party" (1988, Beelzebubba) by The Dead Milkmen
"Cryin' Shame" (1989, Wake Me When It's Over) by Faster Pussycat
"Psychedelic Sacrifice" (1993, Burn, Baby, Burn!) by The Electric Hellfire Club
"0-0 (Where Evil Dwells)" (1998, Obsolete) cover by Fear Factory
"Catacomb Kids" (2007, None Shall Pass) by Aesop Rock
"From Listening to Lightning" (2009, The Lightning EP) by Wheatus
"Severed Heads of State" (2012, The Grimy Awards) by Ill Bill
"Ricky Kasso" (2013, Howie Made Me Do It 3) by Ill Bill
"Black Circle (S.Y.L.S.)" (2015, Where Evil Dwells) by Ranger
See also[edit]
Acid King
Satanism
Church of Satan
Anton LaVey
Further reading[edit]
In Rolling Stone magazine
November 22, 1984. "Kids in the Dark", by David Breskin/
In Newsday (Long Island, N.Y.) — only those articles since 10/1/1985 are listed
April 16, 1987. The Murder They'd Rather Forget, by Joshua Quittner.
April 16, 1987. The Theater of Suburban Rage The murder was two weeks old before the police were notified, though many teens knew of it. The play asks how such a thing could happen. Easily, it answers. by Joseph C. Koenenn.
October 14, 1990. A Shared Secret: Murder in Northport, By Thomas Maier and Rex Smith.
January 16, 1993. Upstate Suspect [James V. Troiano] Has LI Past, by Monte R. Young.
In the Toronto Sun
July 17, 1988. The Acid King by Max Haines.
In the Philadelphia Daily News (Pennsylvania)
July 11, 1984. "Satanic Slaying Rocks A Village", by Bill Reinecke
Chronology of the trial in the New York Times (available online)
July 8, 1984. Youth Found Hanged in L.I. Cell After His Arrest in Ritual Killing, By Robert D. Mcfadden
July 12, 1984. Teenager Indicted on L.I. in Ritual Slaying of Youth
July 12, 1984. Our Towns. By Michael Norman
December 27, 1984. 'Satanic Ritual' is Now Ruled Out in June Slaying of Youth in L.I. Woods. By Lindsey Gruson
March 27, 1985. Jury Selection Begins in Stabbing Death of Teenager in Northport. By Lindsey Gruson
April 5, 1985. L.I. Murder Trial Opens: Confession is Described By Lindsey Gruson
April 5, 1985. L.I. Murder Trial Opens: Confession is Described. By Lindsey Gruson
April 9, 1985. Jury In L. I. Case is Given Details of Ritual Death. By Lindsey Gruson
April 11, 1985. Trial Makes Young Visitors Uneasy. By Lindsey Gruson
April 17, 1985. L.I. Youth Called Lucid On Stabbing.
April 18, 1985. Defense Lawyer in L.I. Trial Loves a Good Murder Case. By Lindsey Gruson
April 19, 1985. Story of Murder May Be Illusion, Expert Testifies. By Lindsey Gruson
April 23, 1985. Closing Arguments Made in Trial of Youth Accused in Drug-Induced Slaying on L.I. By Lindsey Gruson
April 25, 1985. Jury in L.I. Slaying Meets for 7 Hours
April 26, 1985. L.I. Jury Acquits Defendant in Killing of Youth in Woods
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ There were two famous suicidal deaths in the 1980s that lead to trials in U.S. courts, one involving Judas Priest and a second involving Ozzy Osbourne.
2.Jump up ^ Several political groups advocated censorship and/or ratings for rock music, most notably Tipper Gore's Parents Music Resource Center and Jerry Falwell's Moral Majority.
3.Jump up ^ A history of music censorship is given in Deflem, Mathieu. 1993. "Rap, Rock, and Censorship: Popular Culture and the Technologies of Justice." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Law and Society Association, Chicago, May 27–30, 1993. Another reference is Lynxwiler, John and Gay, David, 'Moral boundaries and deviant music: public attitudes toward heavy metal and rap', Deviant Behavior, 21:1, 63 - 85.
External links[edit]
"Kids In The Dark" by David Breskin or [1]
Categories: 1967 births
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Crimes involving Satanism or the occult
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky_Kasso
Paul Booth
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the English cricketer, see Paul Booth (cricketer). For the English rugby footballer, see Paul Booth (rugby). For the Media Studies professor, see Paul Booth (academic).
Paul Booth
Paulbooth2.jpg
Born
23 April1968 (age 46–47)
United States
Nationality
American
Known for
Tattoo artist
Website
www.darkimages.com
Paul Booth (born ca. 1968) is an American tattoo artist who has worked for bands Slipknot, Mudvayne, Slayer, Pantera, Soulfly and Sepultura.[1]
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 The Art Fusion Experiment
3 References
4 External links
Biography[edit]
Booth was an entrepreneur at a young age. He began his own sign making shop at the age of fifteen and subsequently learned airbrushing and Repo work. When he got his first tattoo, his daughter's name, his interest was piqued and he wanted to learn more about what there was to the medium. Booth has now been tattooing for over twenty years, and in that time he has worked on multiple celebrities and rock bands, including Fred Durst, Slayer, Slipknot, Mudvayne, Pantera, The Undertaker (of WWE fame), Superjoint Ritual, Lamb of God, Adrenaline Crew.[2] Booth is widely considered a master of the art form.[3][4]
The Art Fusion Experiment[edit]
Booth helped create the Art Fusion Experiment (AFE).[5] The AFE is a learning tool for tattoo artists.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Lipton, Joshua (28 February 2002), "Bad Skin", Rolling Stone (Wenner Media LLC), retrieved 31 March 2010
2.Jump up ^ Deviant Nation - Paul Booth: The Art Fusion Experiment at the Wayback Machine (archived January 14, 2010)
3.Jump up ^ Tattoo Master PAUL BOOTH Writes Blog About Interactions With Metal Bands - Blabbermouth.net
4.Jump up ^ Thrashin' Ink: Tattoo Master Paul Booth Meets Phil Anselmo at the Wayback Machine (archived October 11, 2007)
5.Jump up ^ Industry Five. "Prick Magazine - Paul Booth Interview". prickmag.net.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paul Booth.
Official website
Categories: Living people
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1968 births
American Satanists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Booth
Paul Booth
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the English cricketer, see Paul Booth (cricketer). For the English rugby footballer, see Paul Booth (rugby). For the Media Studies professor, see Paul Booth (academic).
Paul Booth
Paulbooth2.jpg
Born
23 April1968 (age 46–47)
United States
Nationality
American
Known for
Tattoo artist
Website
www.darkimages.com
Paul Booth (born ca. 1968) is an American tattoo artist who has worked for bands Slipknot, Mudvayne, Slayer, Pantera, Soulfly and Sepultura.[1]
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 The Art Fusion Experiment
3 References
4 External links
Biography[edit]
Booth was an entrepreneur at a young age. He began his own sign making shop at the age of fifteen and subsequently learned airbrushing and Repo work. When he got his first tattoo, his daughter's name, his interest was piqued and he wanted to learn more about what there was to the medium. Booth has now been tattooing for over twenty years, and in that time he has worked on multiple celebrities and rock bands, including Fred Durst, Slayer, Slipknot, Mudvayne, Pantera, The Undertaker (of WWE fame), Superjoint Ritual, Lamb of God, Adrenaline Crew.[2] Booth is widely considered a master of the art form.[3][4]
The Art Fusion Experiment[edit]
Booth helped create the Art Fusion Experiment (AFE).[5] The AFE is a learning tool for tattoo artists.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Lipton, Joshua (28 February 2002), "Bad Skin", Rolling Stone (Wenner Media LLC), retrieved 31 March 2010
2.Jump up ^ Deviant Nation - Paul Booth: The Art Fusion Experiment at the Wayback Machine (archived January 14, 2010)
3.Jump up ^ Tattoo Master PAUL BOOTH Writes Blog About Interactions With Metal Bands - Blabbermouth.net
4.Jump up ^ Thrashin' Ink: Tattoo Master Paul Booth Meets Phil Anselmo at the Wayback Machine (archived October 11, 2007)
5.Jump up ^ Industry Five. "Prick Magazine - Paul Booth Interview". prickmag.net.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paul Booth.
Official website
Categories: Living people
American artists
Tattoo artists
1968 births
American Satanists
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Glen Benton
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Glen Benton
Deicide band 004.jpg
Glen Benton, 2009
Background information
Born
June 18, 1967 (age 48)
Niagara Falls, New York, U.S.
Genres
Death metal, technical death metal
Occupation(s)
Musician
Songwriter
Instruments
Vocals, bass guitar, guitar
Years active
1985–present
Labels
Earache
Associated acts
Deicide
Vital Remains
Glen Benton (born June 18, 1967) is an American death metal musician. He is best known as the vocalist and bassist for the death metal band Deicide and was also a part of the band Vital Remains, where he has performed in recording sessions as well as live with them on a few occasions. He is known for very low guttural growls as well as very high shrieks.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Satanist beliefs
3 Controversy 3.1 Sacrificial Suicide
3.2 Religious beliefs
3.3 Animal abuse allegations
4 Personal life
5 Discography
6 References
7 External links
Biography[edit]
Benton was born in Niagara Falls, New York but was raised in Tampa, Florida. It was here on July 21, 1987, after guitarist Brian Hoffman replied to Benton's advertisement in a local music magazine, Deicide was formed. Within days the band, consisting of Benton (bass/vocals), Hoffman, Hoffman's brother Eric (guitars) and Steve Asheim (drums), was named "Amon", after the Egyptian deity.[1] Within a month, Amon had recorded the crude Feasting the Beast 8-track demo in Benton's garage and had started playing the occasional gig in the Tampa area.[2] In 1989, Amon recorded their second demo, Sacrificial, at Morrisound with producer Scott Burns. Benton reportedly stormed into Roadrunner Records' A&R man Monte Conners' office and presented him with the demo, saying, "Sign us, you fucking asshole!" The next day contracts were issued to the band.[3]
Satanist beliefs[edit]
Benton is known for his Satanist and Anti-Christian beliefs and views of "today's corrupt religious systems." He is renowned for an inverted cross he has repeatedly branded into his forehead over the years. According to Steve Asheim, this act was likely in response to previous press attention the band received when Brian Hoffman burned an inverted cross into his arm with a cigarette.[4]
Despite having claimed in an interview he shares a "spiritual link" with Lucifer, who tells him "what to say and what to write about,"[5] the nature of Benton's 'Satanism' is obscure and a subject of controversy, particularly due to allegations by former Deicide guitarist Eric Hoffman, who dismissed it as insincere and spurious.[6] In early years, Benton was ostensibly a theistic satanist; he implied he had held the belief of the Christian God but worshipped Satan instead. Thus, his beliefs have been questioned by followers of Anton LaVey's Church of Satan, which Benton has blasted on the grounds it is an organized religion, promoting what he perceives to be "Hollywood Satanism".[7]
Arguably, Benton's claims have always been tongue-in-cheek as his purported "Satanism" has since largely been defined as vehement anti-Christian atheism complemented with theatrics suitable for the band.[8] In the July 2008 issue of Revolver Magazine, Benton stated there was no ideological agenda in Deicide and the music was first and foremost.[9]
Controversy[edit]
Sacrificial Suicide[edit]
The self-titled 1990 debut album of his group Deicide featured a song entitled "Sacrificial Suicide", in which Benton was alleged to have claimed that in order to achieve a life opposite that of Jesus he planned to commit suicide at age 33. This claim that he would commit suicide at the age of 33 continued throughout the 1990s. However, he passed that age in 2000 and did not commit suicide. In 2006, he stated that these statements had been "asinine remarks" and that "only cowards and losers" choose to kill themselves.[10]
Religious beliefs[edit]
In the early-to-mid-1990s, Benton was a frequent opponent guest to Christian radio shows, such as Bob Larson's "Talk Back" show.[11] Though a serious discussion rarely took place on the program, the exchanges between the two mainly consisted of taunts from Benton and tongue-in-cheek teasing. Larson continually invited Benton to his talk show, but Benton often declined.
However, Eli Elixir, Satanic practitioner and former singer of American band Satan’s Host declared to webzine Lords of Metal about Benton:
"We have gigged with these guys in the past here in the States, and I can tell you first hand. He is not one who studies the true Satanic, Luciferian ideologies, as with the philosophies, theories and practices. He is more of a bitter bible basher, in his lyrics and mannerisms. There are very rarely any, to practically no Satanic theorems of the Left hand Path Philosophies, let alone incantations and rituals of evoking. He basically just pontificates his hatred for Christianity and its idiocy to those who follow it. There's nothing wrong with that, it has seemed to work for him as with his ranting ways".[12]
Animal abuse allegations[edit]
In 1993, newspapers reported that Benton had expressed an interest in, and participated in, the burning of live rodents such as rats and squirrels. During an interview with NME Magazine, Benton shot a squirrel with a pellet gun: Benton explained it was to prevent any further damage to his electrical system and other contents in the attic of his home where the interview was held.[13] The publicity led to an attempted bomb attack on Benton during Deicide's Legion tour at the International 2 in Manchester, England, by an animal rights organization. A similar attack was attempted at a previous show in Stockholm, where a supposed small fire bomb was set to detonate during Deicide's set. No one was injured, but the bomb damaged the venue. The bomb was reported to be an M-80.[14] The tour was curtailed.[15]
Personal life[edit]
Benton has a vast interest in motorcycles,[13] which can be seen in the music videos for the Deicide songs "Scars of the Crucifix" and "Conviction." He also has two sons, Daemon Michael Benton and Vinnie Benton.[13] Although Deicide is a death metal band, Benton prefers not to use the "death metal" terminology.[7]
Discography[edit]
With DeicideAs Amon; Feasting the Beast demo (1987)
As Amon; Sacrificial demo (1989)
Deicide (1990)
Legion (1992)
Amon: Feasting the Beast compilation (1993)
Once Upon the Cross (1995)
Serpents of the Light (1997)
When Satan Lives live album (1998)
Insineratehymn (2000)
In Torment in Hell (2001)
The Best of Deicide compilation (2003)
Scars of the Crucifix (2004)
When London Burns DVD (2006)
The Stench of Redemption (2006)
Doomsday L.A. live EP/DVD (2007)
Till Death Do Us Part (2008)
To Hell with God (2011)
In the Minds of Evil (2013)
With Vital RemainsDechristianize (2003)
Icons of Evil (2007)
Guest appearancesCancer, Death Shall Rise (1991); backing vocals on "Hung, Drawn and Quartered"
Cannibal Corpse, Eaten Back to Life (1990); backing vocals on "Mangled" and "A Skull Full of Maggots"
Cannibal Corpse, Butchered at Birth (1991); backing vocals on "Vomit the Soul"
Napalm Death, Harmony Corruption (1990); backing vocals on "Unfit Earth"
Transmetal, Dante's Inferno (1993); backing vocals on "Dante's Inferno" and "Hymn for Him"
Roadrunner United (2005); vocals on "Annihilation by the Hands of God"
Roadrunner United Live Concert DVD (2008); vocals on Obituary's "The End Complete" and Deicide's "Dead By Dawn".
Belphegor, Conjuring the Dead (2014); additional vocals on "Legions of Destruction"
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Mudrian, Albert (2004). In Choosing Death: The Improbable History of Death Metal and Grindcore, Feral House, ISBN 1-932595-04-X, pp. 90–91.
2.Jump up ^ Mudrian (2004), as above.
3.Jump up ^ Mudrian (2004), as above, p. 162.
4.Jump up ^ YouTube - Steve Asheim Interview Deicide
5.Jump up ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7R3IimbaQk0
6.Jump up ^ "Former DEICIDE Guitarist Says GLEN BENTON Lied To The Public About Tour Cancellations". Blabbermouth.net. January 14, 2005. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Deicide
8.Jump up ^ DEICIDE Frontman: Whenever ERIC HOFFMAN Posts Something On BLABBERMOUTH, We Know It's Him
9.Jump up ^ GOING POSTAL | RevolverMag.com - The World's Loudest Rock Magazine!
10.Jump up ^ "DEICIDE Frontman On JON NÖDVEIDT's Suicide: 'Only Cows And Posers Choose That Option'". Blabbermouth.net. September 7, 2006. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
11.Jump up ^ "ROC's interview with Glen Benton". Retrieved 2007-06-21.
12.Jump up ^ (English) Elix Elixir (Satan's Host) about the Satanism of Glen Benton, interview Satan's Host at Lords of Metal, published in edition November 2009
13.^ Jump up to: a b c Koutsou, Rena (June 6, 2010). "Deicide (Glen Benton) interview". MetalPaths. Retrieved 2010-06-07.
14.Jump up ^ Metal: The Definitive Guide by Garry Sharpe-Young
15.Jump up ^ Deicide Interview by Shan Siva
External links[edit]
Deicide (official site)
Deicide: sons of Satan, The Metal Forge, 2006-10-16
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
Deicide
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v ·
t ·
e
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Portal
Portal
[show]
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t ·
e
Roadrunner United
Authority control
MusicBrainz: aa00e639-71e0-45d4-980b-d22b52fa9427
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glen_Benton
Glen Benton
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Glen Benton
Deicide band 004.jpg
Glen Benton, 2009
Background information
Born
June 18, 1967 (age 48)
Niagara Falls, New York, U.S.
Genres
Death metal, technical death metal
Occupation(s)
Musician
Songwriter
Instruments
Vocals, bass guitar, guitar
Years active
1985–present
Labels
Earache
Associated acts
Deicide
Vital Remains
Glen Benton (born June 18, 1967) is an American death metal musician. He is best known as the vocalist and bassist for the death metal band Deicide and was also a part of the band Vital Remains, where he has performed in recording sessions as well as live with them on a few occasions. He is known for very low guttural growls as well as very high shrieks.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Satanist beliefs
3 Controversy 3.1 Sacrificial Suicide
3.2 Religious beliefs
3.3 Animal abuse allegations
4 Personal life
5 Discography
6 References
7 External links
Biography[edit]
Benton was born in Niagara Falls, New York but was raised in Tampa, Florida. It was here on July 21, 1987, after guitarist Brian Hoffman replied to Benton's advertisement in a local music magazine, Deicide was formed. Within days the band, consisting of Benton (bass/vocals), Hoffman, Hoffman's brother Eric (guitars) and Steve Asheim (drums), was named "Amon", after the Egyptian deity.[1] Within a month, Amon had recorded the crude Feasting the Beast 8-track demo in Benton's garage and had started playing the occasional gig in the Tampa area.[2] In 1989, Amon recorded their second demo, Sacrificial, at Morrisound with producer Scott Burns. Benton reportedly stormed into Roadrunner Records' A&R man Monte Conners' office and presented him with the demo, saying, "Sign us, you fucking asshole!" The next day contracts were issued to the band.[3]
Satanist beliefs[edit]
Benton is known for his Satanist and Anti-Christian beliefs and views of "today's corrupt religious systems." He is renowned for an inverted cross he has repeatedly branded into his forehead over the years. According to Steve Asheim, this act was likely in response to previous press attention the band received when Brian Hoffman burned an inverted cross into his arm with a cigarette.[4]
Despite having claimed in an interview he shares a "spiritual link" with Lucifer, who tells him "what to say and what to write about,"[5] the nature of Benton's 'Satanism' is obscure and a subject of controversy, particularly due to allegations by former Deicide guitarist Eric Hoffman, who dismissed it as insincere and spurious.[6] In early years, Benton was ostensibly a theistic satanist; he implied he had held the belief of the Christian God but worshipped Satan instead. Thus, his beliefs have been questioned by followers of Anton LaVey's Church of Satan, which Benton has blasted on the grounds it is an organized religion, promoting what he perceives to be "Hollywood Satanism".[7]
Arguably, Benton's claims have always been tongue-in-cheek as his purported "Satanism" has since largely been defined as vehement anti-Christian atheism complemented with theatrics suitable for the band.[8] In the July 2008 issue of Revolver Magazine, Benton stated there was no ideological agenda in Deicide and the music was first and foremost.[9]
Controversy[edit]
Sacrificial Suicide[edit]
The self-titled 1990 debut album of his group Deicide featured a song entitled "Sacrificial Suicide", in which Benton was alleged to have claimed that in order to achieve a life opposite that of Jesus he planned to commit suicide at age 33. This claim that he would commit suicide at the age of 33 continued throughout the 1990s. However, he passed that age in 2000 and did not commit suicide. In 2006, he stated that these statements had been "asinine remarks" and that "only cowards and losers" choose to kill themselves.[10]
Religious beliefs[edit]
In the early-to-mid-1990s, Benton was a frequent opponent guest to Christian radio shows, such as Bob Larson's "Talk Back" show.[11] Though a serious discussion rarely took place on the program, the exchanges between the two mainly consisted of taunts from Benton and tongue-in-cheek teasing. Larson continually invited Benton to his talk show, but Benton often declined.
However, Eli Elixir, Satanic practitioner and former singer of American band Satan’s Host declared to webzine Lords of Metal about Benton:
"We have gigged with these guys in the past here in the States, and I can tell you first hand. He is not one who studies the true Satanic, Luciferian ideologies, as with the philosophies, theories and practices. He is more of a bitter bible basher, in his lyrics and mannerisms. There are very rarely any, to practically no Satanic theorems of the Left hand Path Philosophies, let alone incantations and rituals of evoking. He basically just pontificates his hatred for Christianity and its idiocy to those who follow it. There's nothing wrong with that, it has seemed to work for him as with his ranting ways".[12]
Animal abuse allegations[edit]
In 1993, newspapers reported that Benton had expressed an interest in, and participated in, the burning of live rodents such as rats and squirrels. During an interview with NME Magazine, Benton shot a squirrel with a pellet gun: Benton explained it was to prevent any further damage to his electrical system and other contents in the attic of his home where the interview was held.[13] The publicity led to an attempted bomb attack on Benton during Deicide's Legion tour at the International 2 in Manchester, England, by an animal rights organization. A similar attack was attempted at a previous show in Stockholm, where a supposed small fire bomb was set to detonate during Deicide's set. No one was injured, but the bomb damaged the venue. The bomb was reported to be an M-80.[14] The tour was curtailed.[15]
Personal life[edit]
Benton has a vast interest in motorcycles,[13] which can be seen in the music videos for the Deicide songs "Scars of the Crucifix" and "Conviction." He also has two sons, Daemon Michael Benton and Vinnie Benton.[13] Although Deicide is a death metal band, Benton prefers not to use the "death metal" terminology.[7]
Discography[edit]
With DeicideAs Amon; Feasting the Beast demo (1987)
As Amon; Sacrificial demo (1989)
Deicide (1990)
Legion (1992)
Amon: Feasting the Beast compilation (1993)
Once Upon the Cross (1995)
Serpents of the Light (1997)
When Satan Lives live album (1998)
Insineratehymn (2000)
In Torment in Hell (2001)
The Best of Deicide compilation (2003)
Scars of the Crucifix (2004)
When London Burns DVD (2006)
The Stench of Redemption (2006)
Doomsday L.A. live EP/DVD (2007)
Till Death Do Us Part (2008)
To Hell with God (2011)
In the Minds of Evil (2013)
With Vital RemainsDechristianize (2003)
Icons of Evil (2007)
Guest appearancesCancer, Death Shall Rise (1991); backing vocals on "Hung, Drawn and Quartered"
Cannibal Corpse, Eaten Back to Life (1990); backing vocals on "Mangled" and "A Skull Full of Maggots"
Cannibal Corpse, Butchered at Birth (1991); backing vocals on "Vomit the Soul"
Napalm Death, Harmony Corruption (1990); backing vocals on "Unfit Earth"
Transmetal, Dante's Inferno (1993); backing vocals on "Dante's Inferno" and "Hymn for Him"
Roadrunner United (2005); vocals on "Annihilation by the Hands of God"
Roadrunner United Live Concert DVD (2008); vocals on Obituary's "The End Complete" and Deicide's "Dead By Dawn".
Belphegor, Conjuring the Dead (2014); additional vocals on "Legions of Destruction"
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Mudrian, Albert (2004). In Choosing Death: The Improbable History of Death Metal and Grindcore, Feral House, ISBN 1-932595-04-X, pp. 90–91.
2.Jump up ^ Mudrian (2004), as above.
3.Jump up ^ Mudrian (2004), as above, p. 162.
4.Jump up ^ YouTube - Steve Asheim Interview Deicide
5.Jump up ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7R3IimbaQk0
6.Jump up ^ "Former DEICIDE Guitarist Says GLEN BENTON Lied To The Public About Tour Cancellations". Blabbermouth.net. January 14, 2005. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Deicide
8.Jump up ^ DEICIDE Frontman: Whenever ERIC HOFFMAN Posts Something On BLABBERMOUTH, We Know It's Him
9.Jump up ^ GOING POSTAL | RevolverMag.com - The World's Loudest Rock Magazine!
10.Jump up ^ "DEICIDE Frontman On JON NÖDVEIDT's Suicide: 'Only Cows And Posers Choose That Option'". Blabbermouth.net. September 7, 2006. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
11.Jump up ^ "ROC's interview with Glen Benton". Retrieved 2007-06-21.
12.Jump up ^ (English) Elix Elixir (Satan's Host) about the Satanism of Glen Benton, interview Satan's Host at Lords of Metal, published in edition November 2009
13.^ Jump up to: a b c Koutsou, Rena (June 6, 2010). "Deicide (Glen Benton) interview". MetalPaths. Retrieved 2010-06-07.
14.Jump up ^ Metal: The Definitive Guide by Garry Sharpe-Young
15.Jump up ^ Deicide Interview by Shan Siva
External links[edit]
Deicide (official site)
Deicide: sons of Satan, The Metal Forge, 2006-10-16
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Authority control
MusicBrainz: aa00e639-71e0-45d4-980b-d22b52fa9427
Categories: 1967 births
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Karla LaVey
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2009)
This article's lead section may not adequately summarize key points of its contents. (August 2014)
Karla LaVey
Karla LaVey.jpg
Karla at the 2012 Black X Mass show
Born
July 1952 (age 62)
San Francisco, California
Residence
San Francisco, California
Occupation
Radio presenter, religious leader
Religion
LaVeyan Satanism
Parent(s)
Anton LaVey, Carole Lansing
Karla Maritza LaVey (born 1952) was a High Priestess of the Church of Satan.
Biography[edit]
She is the daughter of Carole Lansing and Anton LaVey, former High Priestess of the Church of Satan, and Founder and current High Priestess of the First Satanic Church. She has two half siblings, Zeena Schreck and Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey. She founded the First Satanic Church headquartered in San Francisco in 1999, which carries on her father's legacy. In addition to holding the title of High Priestess, LaVey was also a founding member of the Church of Satan, which was originally named "The Satanic Church". LaVey acted as the public representative for both the church and her father for the better part of four decades.
In the 1970s she was very close friends with Alice Cooper, whom she would later introduce to her father.
Karla has been featured on television, radio, in news and magazine articles including Fox News.[1] She has lectured on the subject of Satanism around the world. She can be seen in the films Satanis: The Devil's Mass, Witchcraft 70, and Speak of the Devil (Anton LaVey documentary).
In 1979, Karla was dispatched to Amsterdam to oversee the International Church of Satan headquarters[2] which acted as a liaison to its members overseas. During this time Karla was given the title High Priestess of the Church of Satan which she would occasionally use in interviews with print media and her lecture tours.
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s Karla made numerous appearances on television combating the Satanic Panic that seemed so prevalent for that time. Some of her appearances included the Joan Rivers Show, Ron Reagan Show, 20/20, and 60 Minutes.
On October 29, 1997 Anton LaVey, Karla’s father, died of pulmonary edema.
On November 7, 1997 Karla held a press conference to announce the death of Anton LaVey. It was at this time that Blanche Barton (LaVey’s assistant/biographer who also gave birth to LaVey’s only son, Xerxes) and Karla LaVey announced that they would run the Church of Satan as co-High Priestesses.
Several days later Barton produced a hand written will claiming that LaVey had left all of his belongings, property, writings, and royalties, including the Church of Satan to be put in a trust managed by Barton. Karla contested this will which was later found to be invalid.
A settlement was later reached in which Anton LaVey’s belongings, writings, and royalties would be split among his three children and that Barton would receive the “corporation known as Church of Satan.”
Karla then decided to continue on with her father's work by organizing the First Satanic Church and running it out of San Francisco, just as her father had. The Church of Satan, under the leadership of Blanche Barton, was later moved to New York City, and subsequently transferred over to yet another administration.
Currently, Karla LaVey promotes and sponsors live Satanic events, shows and concerts. She also hosts a weekly radio show in San Francisco.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ FoxNews
2.Jump up ^ “Satan Wants you” by Arthur Lyons – Mysterious Press (June 1988) ISBN 0-89296-217-8
External links[edit]
Official First Satanic Church Website
Official First Satanic Church MySpace
[show]
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t ·
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LaVeyan Satanism
Categories: Living people
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1952 births
Church of Satan
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karla_LaVey
Karla LaVey
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page.
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2009)
This article's lead section may not adequately summarize key points of its contents. (August 2014)
Karla LaVey
Karla LaVey.jpg
Karla at the 2012 Black X Mass show
Born
July 1952 (age 62)
San Francisco, California
Residence
San Francisco, California
Occupation
Radio presenter, religious leader
Religion
LaVeyan Satanism
Parent(s)
Anton LaVey, Carole Lansing
Karla Maritza LaVey (born 1952) was a High Priestess of the Church of Satan.
Biography[edit]
She is the daughter of Carole Lansing and Anton LaVey, former High Priestess of the Church of Satan, and Founder and current High Priestess of the First Satanic Church. She has two half siblings, Zeena Schreck and Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey. She founded the First Satanic Church headquartered in San Francisco in 1999, which carries on her father's legacy. In addition to holding the title of High Priestess, LaVey was also a founding member of the Church of Satan, which was originally named "The Satanic Church". LaVey acted as the public representative for both the church and her father for the better part of four decades.
In the 1970s she was very close friends with Alice Cooper, whom she would later introduce to her father.
Karla has been featured on television, radio, in news and magazine articles including Fox News.[1] She has lectured on the subject of Satanism around the world. She can be seen in the films Satanis: The Devil's Mass, Witchcraft 70, and Speak of the Devil (Anton LaVey documentary).
In 1979, Karla was dispatched to Amsterdam to oversee the International Church of Satan headquarters[2] which acted as a liaison to its members overseas. During this time Karla was given the title High Priestess of the Church of Satan which she would occasionally use in interviews with print media and her lecture tours.
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s Karla made numerous appearances on television combating the Satanic Panic that seemed so prevalent for that time. Some of her appearances included the Joan Rivers Show, Ron Reagan Show, 20/20, and 60 Minutes.
On October 29, 1997 Anton LaVey, Karla’s father, died of pulmonary edema.
On November 7, 1997 Karla held a press conference to announce the death of Anton LaVey. It was at this time that Blanche Barton (LaVey’s assistant/biographer who also gave birth to LaVey’s only son, Xerxes) and Karla LaVey announced that they would run the Church of Satan as co-High Priestesses.
Several days later Barton produced a hand written will claiming that LaVey had left all of his belongings, property, writings, and royalties, including the Church of Satan to be put in a trust managed by Barton. Karla contested this will which was later found to be invalid.
A settlement was later reached in which Anton LaVey’s belongings, writings, and royalties would be split among his three children and that Barton would receive the “corporation known as Church of Satan.”
Karla then decided to continue on with her father's work by organizing the First Satanic Church and running it out of San Francisco, just as her father had. The Church of Satan, under the leadership of Blanche Barton, was later moved to New York City, and subsequently transferred over to yet another administration.
Currently, Karla LaVey promotes and sponsors live Satanic events, shows and concerts. She also hosts a weekly radio show in San Francisco.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ FoxNews
2.Jump up ^ “Satan Wants you” by Arthur Lyons – Mysterious Press (June 1988) ISBN 0-89296-217-8
External links[edit]
Official First Satanic Church Website
Official First Satanic Church MySpace
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
LaVeyan Satanism
Categories: Living people
American Satanists
1952 births
Church of Satan
American occultists
American people of Russian descent
American people of Ukrainian descent
People from San Francisco, California
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Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey
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Xerxes LaVey
Born
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey
November 1, 1993 (age 21)
United States
Parent(s)
Anton LaVey
Blanche Barton
Relatives
Karla LaVey
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey (sometimes known simply as Xerxes LaVey[1]) is a LaVeyan Satanist and the son of Anton LaVey. He was born on November 1, 1993 to Anton and Blanche Barton.[2] On October 29, 1997 Anton LaVey died of heart failure. On November 7, 1997 Karla LaVey, Xerxes' sister, held a press conference to announce the death of Anton LaVey. It was at this time that Blanche Barton and Karla LaVey announced that they would run the Church of Satan as co-High Priestesses. Several days later, Barton produced a hand-written will claiming that LaVey had left all of his belongings, property, writings, and royalties, including the Church of Satan, for their son, to be put in a trust managed by Barton. Karla contested this will, which was later found to be invalid.[3]
A settlement was reached in which Anton LaVey’s belongings, writings, and royalties would be split among his three children, Karla, Zeena and Satan, and that Barton would receive the “corporation known as Church of Satan.”[3]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Chris Mathews (2009). Modern Satanism: Anatomy of a Radical Subculture. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-313-36639-0. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
2.Jump up ^ James R. Lewis (1 January 2001). Satanism Today. ABC-CLIO. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-57607-292-9. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
3.^ Jump up to: a b Lattin, Don (January 25, 1999). "Satan's Den in Great Disrepair: Relatives of S.F. hellhound Anton LaVey battle over `Black House'". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved Nov 15, 2013.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satan_Xerxes_Carnacki_LaVey
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Xerxes LaVey
Born
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey
November 1, 1993 (age 21)
United States
Parent(s)
Anton LaVey
Blanche Barton
Relatives
Karla LaVey
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey (sometimes known simply as Xerxes LaVey[1]) is a LaVeyan Satanist and the son of Anton LaVey. He was born on November 1, 1993 to Anton and Blanche Barton.[2] On October 29, 1997 Anton LaVey died of heart failure. On November 7, 1997 Karla LaVey, Xerxes' sister, held a press conference to announce the death of Anton LaVey. It was at this time that Blanche Barton and Karla LaVey announced that they would run the Church of Satan as co-High Priestesses. Several days later, Barton produced a hand-written will claiming that LaVey had left all of his belongings, property, writings, and royalties, including the Church of Satan, for their son, to be put in a trust managed by Barton. Karla contested this will, which was later found to be invalid.[3]
A settlement was reached in which Anton LaVey’s belongings, writings, and royalties would be split among his three children, Karla, Zeena and Satan, and that Barton would receive the “corporation known as Church of Satan.”[3]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Chris Mathews (2009). Modern Satanism: Anatomy of a Radical Subculture. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-313-36639-0. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
2.Jump up ^ James R. Lewis (1 January 2001). Satanism Today. ABC-CLIO. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-57607-292-9. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
3.^ Jump up to: a b Lattin, Don (January 25, 1999). "Satan's Den in Great Disrepair: Relatives of S.F. hellhound Anton LaVey battle over `Black House'". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved Nov 15, 2013.
Categories: Living people
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Anton LaVey
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Anton LaVey
Anton LaVey photo.jpg
Born
Howard Stanton Levey
April 11, 1930
Chicago, Illinois, US
Died
October 29, 1997 (aged 67)
San Francisco
Known for
LaVeyan Satanism
Religion
LaVeyan Satanism
Spouse(s)
Carole Lansing (1935–1975) (m. 1951–60)
Partner(s)
Diane Hegarty
Blanche Barton
Children
Karla LaVey (born 1952)
Zeena Schreck (born LaVey – 1963)
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey (born November 1, 1993)
Signature
Anton LaVey Signature.jpg
Anton Szandor LaVey[1] (born Howard Stanton Levey; April 11, 1930 – October 29, 1997) was an American author, occultist, carnival and circus performer, and musician. He was the founder of the Church of Satan and the religion of modern Satanism. He authored several books including The Satanic Bible, The Satanic Rituals, The Satanic Witch, The Devil's Notebook, and Satan Speaks!. LaVey was labeled many things by journalists, religious detractors and Satanists alike, including "The Father of Modern Satanism",[2] "The Black Pope",[3] and the "evilest man in the world".[4]
Contents [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 Ancestry and early life
1.2 Beginnings as a Satanist
1.3 Church of Satan
1.4 Death
2 LaVey related books 2.1 Books by LaVey
2.2 Books featuring writings by LaVey
2.3 Books about LaVey
3 Recordings of Anton LaVey
4 See also
5 References
6 External links 6.1 Writings by LaVey
6.2 Interviews with LaVey
6.3 About LaVey
Biography[edit]
Part of a series on
Individualism
Topics and concepts[show]
Thinkers[show]
Philosophies[show]
Principal concerns[show]
v ·
t ·
e
Ancestry and early life[edit]
LaVey was born as Howard Stanton Levey in Chicago, Illinois. His father, Michael Joseph Levey (1903–1992), from Chicago, Illinois married LaVey's mother, the former Gertrude Augusta Coultron who was born to a Russian father and Ukrainian mother who had emigrated to Ohio in 1893; both became naturalized American citizens in 1900. LaVey's family moved to California, where he spent his early life in the San Francisco Bay Area. His parents supported his musical interests, as he tried a number of instruments; his favorites were keyboards such as the pipe organ and the calliope. He did covers of instrumentals like Harlem Nocturne by Earle Hagen.[5]
He attended Tamalpais High School in Mill Valley, California, until the age of 16.[6][7] According to his biography, he left high school to join a circus and later carnivals, first as a roustabout and cage boy in an act with the big cats, then as a musician playing the calliope. LaVey later claimed to have seen that many of the same men attended both the bawdy Saturday night shows and the tent revival meetings on Sunday mornings, which reinforced his increasingly cynical view of religion. He would later work as an organist in bars, lounges and nightclubs. In the foreword to the German version of The Satanic Bible, he cites this as the impetus to defy Christian religion as he knew it. He explains why church-goers employ double moral standards.[8] While playing organ in Los Angeles burlesque houses, he allegedly had a brief affair with then-unknown Marilyn Monroe when she was a dancer at the Mayan Theater. This is challenged by those who then knew Monroe, as well as the manager of the Mayan, Paul Valentine, who said she had never been one of his dancers, nor had the theater ever been used as a burlesque house.[9]
According to his biography, LaVey moved back to San Francisco, where he worked for three years as a photographer for the San Francisco Police Department (SFPD). He dabbled as a psychic investigator, looking into "800 calls" referred to him by the police department. Later biographers questioned whether LaVey ever worked with the SFPD, as there are no records substantiating the claim.[1][10] During this period, LaVey was friends with a number of writers associated with Weird Tales magazine; a picture of him with George Haas, Robert Barbour Johnson (whom he had met in the circus as an animal trainer and painter of carnival scenes) and Clark Ashton Smith appears in Blanche Barton's biography The Secret Life of a Satanist.
In 1950, LaVey met Carole Lansing and they married the following year. Lansing gave birth to LaVey's first daughter, Karla LaVey, born in 1952. They divorced in 1960 after LaVey became entranced by Diane Hegarty. Hegarty and LaVey never married; however, she was his companion for many years and mothered his second daughter, Zeena Galatea Schreck (née LaVey), in 1963.[11] At the end of their relationship, Hegarty sued for palimony.[12][13]
Beginnings as a Satanist[edit]
Becoming a local celebrity through his paranormal research and live performances as an organist, including playing the Wurlitzer at the Lost Weekend cocktail lounge, he attracted many San Francisco notables to his parties. Guests included Carin de Plessin, Michael Harner, Chester A. Arthur III, Forrest J. Ackerman, Fritz Leiber, Cecil E. Nixon and Kenneth Anger. LaVey formed a group called the Order of the Trapezoid, which later evolved into the governing body of the Church of Satan.
Church of Satan[edit]
LaVey began presenting Friday night lectures on the occult and rituals. A member of this circle suggested that he had the basis for a new religion. On Walpurgisnacht, April 30, 1966, he ritualistically shaved his head, allegedly "in the tradition of ancient executioners", declared the founding of the Church of Satan and proclaimed 1966 as "the Year One", Anno Satanas—the first year of the Age of Satan. Media attention followed the subsequent Satanic wedding ceremony of Radical journalist John Raymond to New York City socialite Judith Case on February 1, 1967. The Los Angeles Times and San Francisco Chronicle were among the newspapers that printed articles dubbing him "The Black Pope". LaVey performed Satanic baptisms (including the first Satanic baptism in history for his three-year-old daughter Zeena, dedicating her to the Devil, which garnered world-wide publicity and was originally recorded on The Satanic Mass LP) [14][15][16][17] and Satanic funerals (including one for naval machinist-repairman third-class Edward Olsen, complete with a chrome-helmeted honor guard), and released a record album entitled The Satanic Mass.
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, LaVey melded ideological influences from Friedrich Nietzsche, Ayn Rand,[18] H.L. Mencken, and Jack London with the ideology and ritual practices of the Church of Satan. He wrote essays introduced with reworked excerpts from Ragnar Redbeard's Might Is Right and concluded with "Satanized" versions of John Dee's Enochian Keys to create books such as The Complete Witch (re-released in 1989 as The Satanic Witch), and The Satanic Rituals. The latter book also included rituals drawing on the work of H.P. Lovecraft which were actually penned by Michael A. Aquino, who would later found the Temple of Set.
Due to increasing visibility through his books, LaVey was the subject of numerous articles in the news media throughout the world, including popular magazines such as Look, McCall's, Newsweek, and TIME, and men's magazines. He also appeared on talk shows such as The Joe Pyne Show, Donahue, and The Tonight Show, and in a feature length documentary called Satanis: The Devil's Mass in 1970. He would be credited for the mainstreaming of Satanism and witchcraft in the U.S. during the 1960s, 1970s and after. In 1972 the public work at La Vey's Black House in San Francisco was curtailed and work was continued via 'grottoes' or subsidiary branches of the Church of Satan located throughout the USA and some in other countries.
LaVey's third and final companion was Blanche Barton. Barton and LaVey are the parents of Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey, born November 1, 1993. Barton succeeded him as the head of the Church after his death, and has since stepped down from that role and handed it to Magus Peter H. Gilmore.
Death[edit]
Statue of LaVey in Wax Museum, Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco.
Anton LaVey died on October 29, 1997, in St. Mary's Medical Center in San Francisco of pulmonary edema.[19] He was taken to St. Mary's, a Catholic hospital, because it was the closest available. A secret Satanic funeral, attended by invitation only, was held in Colma after which LaVey's body was cremated.[6]
LaVey related books[edit]
Books by LaVey[edit]
The Satanic Bible (1969) (Avon, ISBN 0-380-01539-0)
The Satanic Rituals (1972) (Avon, ISBN 0-380-01392-4)
The Satanic Witch (1989) (Feral House, ISBN 0-922915-00-8)
The Devil's Notebook (1992) (Feral House, ISBN 0-922915-11-3)
Satan Speaks! (1998) (Feral House, ISBN 0-922915-66-0)
Books featuring writings by LaVey[edit]
"Misanthropia", Rants and Incendiary Tracts: Voices of Desperate Illuminations 1558–Present!, edited by Bob Black and Adam Parfrey (Amok Press and Loompanics Unlimited, 1989, ISBN 0-941693-03-1)
"The Invisible War", Apocalypse Culture: Expanded & revised edition, edited by Adam Parfrey (Amok Press, 1990, ISBN 0-922915-05-9)
"Forward", Might Is Right, or The Survival of the Fittest by Ragnar Redbeard, LL.D., edited by Katja Lane (M.H.P. & Co., Ltd, 1996, ISBN 0-915179-12-1)
Books about LaVey[edit]
The Devil's Avenger: A Biography of Anton Szandor LaVey by Burton H. Wolfe (Pyramid Books, 1974, ISBN 0-515-03471-1, Out of print)
The Black Pope by Burton H. Wolfe (a drastically revised and updated edition of The Devil's Avenger; available at http://themindopeningbooks.us/)
The Secret Life Of A Satanist: The Authorized Biography of Anton LaVey by Blanche Barton (Feral House, 1990, ISBN 0-922915-12-1).
Popular Witchcraft: Straight from the Witch's Mouth by Jack Fritscher ; featuring Anton LaVey (University of Wisconsin Press : Popular Press, 2004, ISBN 0-299-20300-X, hardcover, ISBN 0-299-20304-2, paperback)
The 2009 play 'Debate' by Irish author Seán Ferrick features LaVey as a character. He is one of four witnesses in a case between God and The Devil, and events from both his life and after his death are used as evidence. He was portrayed by Mark O'Brien and Fiachra MacNamara
Recordings of Anton LaVey[edit]
The Satanic Mass, LP (Murgenstrumm Records, 1968; re-released on CD with one bonus track, "Hymn of the Satanic Empire, or The Battle Hymn of the Apocalypse", by Amarillo Records, 1994; Mephisto Media, 2001)
Answer Me/Honolulu Baby, 7" single (Amarillo Records, 1993)
Strange Music, 10" EP (Amarillo Records, 1994; now available through Reptilian Records)
Satan Takes A Holiday, CD (Amarillo Records, 1995; now available through Reptilian Records)
Religious titles
Preceded by
Church established High Priest of the Church of Satan
1966–1997 Succeeded by
Peter H. Gilmore after vacancy
See also[edit]
Church of Satan
The Satanic Bible
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Wright, Lawrence – "It's Not Easy Being Evil in a World That's Gone to Hell", Rolling Stone, September 5, 1991: 63–68, 105–16.
2.Jump up ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=1ovVPyL6AmwC&pg=PA91&lpg=PA91&dq=father+of+modern+satanism+lavey&source=bl&ots=Zg0MUpnyHS&sig=SPn6FA6GUTsHzIwE6jjQ8vwydlc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=W9R0VenHIsarsAWjqIPACA&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=father%20of%20modern%20satanism%20lavey&f=false
3.Jump up ^ http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Anton-LaVey-Church-of-Satan-founder-3309154.php
4.Jump up ^ http://www.maryellenmark.com/text/magazines/rolling%20stone/920S-000-004.html
5.Jump up ^ Video on YouTube
6.^ Jump up to: a b Hatfield, Larry D. (November 7, 1997). "Anton LaVey, Church of Satan founder". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
7.Jump up ^ Stafford, Matthew (Tam 1978) (August 22, 2008). "Cool for school: For 100 years, it's been one Tam thing after another...". Pacific Sun. Retrieved March 14, 2012.
8.Jump up ^ LaVey, Anton Szandor (1999). Die Satanische Bible (Satanic Bible). Berlin: Second Sight Books.
9.Jump up ^ The Church of Satan by Michael Aquino p. 17-19, detailing information from Harry Lipton, Monroe's agent, Paul Valentine and Edward Webber"
10.Jump up ^ Lewis, James R. (2003). Legitimating New Religions. Rutgers University Press. p. 109. ISBN 0813533244.
11.Jump up ^ Lattin, Don (January 25, 1999). "Satan's Den in Great Disrepair". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2009-09-16. "Both Karla LaVey [sic] and Schreck were the product of LaVey's common-law marriage to Diane Hegarty from 1962 to 1986. One of the highlights of that unholy union was Schreck's 1967 satanic baptism at the Black House, when she was three years old."
12.Jump up ^ "Palimony Suit Rests on Bed of Nails". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. September 11, 1988. Retrieved 2009-09-16. "On paper, the agreement seemed friendly enough: She got the 1967 Jaguar. He got the 1936 Cord, the 1972 Datsun 280 and the 1976 Cadillac limousine. Still to be decided were the medieval torture implements, the crystal ball, the devil bust, the bed of nails and the classic wooden coffin. But now, the whole thing has become a devil of an issue in San Francisco Superior Court, as the nation's first prince and princess of darkness square off in legal proceedings."
13.Jump up ^ Phillips, Richard (September 13, 1988). "The End is Near". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2009-09-16. "Anton Szandor LaVey, high priest of San Francisco's Church of Satan, lived with Diane Hegarty for 22 years. Now they are squaring off in a palimony suit over household property."
14.Jump up ^ "The Satanic Mass/Zeena's Baptism Track A9 go to 3:42".
15.Jump up ^ "The Satanic Mass, Track A9 (Zeena's Baptism)". Murgenstrumm, 1968 Vinly LP.
16.Jump up ^ "Satanist Anton LaVey Baptising Daughter". San Francisco, California, USA: Bettmann/CORBIS. May 23, 1967. "LaVey [...] said the mystic ceremony was the first such baptism in history."
17.Jump up ^ "clippings of Zeena's baptism world wide".
18.Jump up ^ Lewis, James R. "Who Serves Satan? A Demographic and Ideological Profile". Marburg Journal of Religion. June 2001.
19.Jump up ^ "Anton LaVey; Founded the Church of Satan". Los Angeles Times. November 8, 1997. "Anton LaVey, who founded the Church of Satan in 1966 and wrote the "Satanic Bible" as a guide for international followers, has died at the age of 67. LaVey was cremated Tuesday after a satanic funeral at Woodlawn Memorial Chapel in Colma. Security concerns led his daughter, Church of Satan High Priestess Karla LaVey, to demand "absolute secrecy from all who knew of LaVey's death and satanic funeral," family spokesman Lee Houskeeper said. ..."
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anton LaVey.
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Anton LaVey
Writings by LaVey[edit]
The Nine Satanic Statements
The Eleven Satanic Rules of the Earth
The Nine Satanic Sins
Pentagonal Revisionism: A Five-Point Program, 1988
The World’s Most Powerful Religion
Enochian Pronunciation Guide
Letters From The Devil from The National Insider, Vol. 14, No. 17, April 27, 1969.
On Occultism of the Past from The Cloven Hoof, September 1971 c.e., Volume Three, Number Nine.
Interviews with LaVey[edit]
Section concerning Anton LaVey in Chapter XII (Satan in the Suburbs) of "Occult America" by John Godwin (Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1972)
Section concerning Anton LaVey in "Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Sorcery, But Were Afraid to Ask" by Arlene J. Fitzgerald (Manor Books, 1973)
“Anton LaVey: America’s Satanic Master of Devils, Magic, Music, and Madness” by Walt Harrington in "The Washington Post Magazine", February 23, 1986.
“Anton LaVey / The Church of Satan Interview” by Eugene Robinson in "The Birth of Tragedy", No. 4 "The God Issue", November 1986 – January 1987
"Dinner with the Devil: An evening with Anton Szandor LaVey, the High Priest of the Church of Satan" by Reverend Bob Johnson in "High Society", August 1994.
"The Doctor is in......" by Shane & Amy Bugbee in "MF Magazine" #3, Summer 1997.
Interview with Anton LaVey by Michelle Carr and Elvia Lahman, originally published in the September 11, 1997 Velvet Hammer souvenir programme.
About LaVey[edit]
Anton Szandor LaVey: A Biographical Sketch by Magus Peter H. Gilmore, on the Church of Satan's official website.
Anton Lavey by Alex Burns at disinformation.
Anton LaVey at the Internet Movie Database
People of Significance entry for LaVey
Anton LaVey at the Notable Names Database
Short biographical sketch with particular focus on his influence on Marilyn Manson, taken from "Spin magazine" (February 1998, pg. 64).
Anton LaVey at Find a Grave
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VIAF: 19917109 ·
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_LaVey
Anton LaVey
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Anton LaVey
Anton LaVey photo.jpg
Born
Howard Stanton Levey
April 11, 1930
Chicago, Illinois, US
Died
October 29, 1997 (aged 67)
San Francisco
Known for
LaVeyan Satanism
Religion
LaVeyan Satanism
Spouse(s)
Carole Lansing (1935–1975) (m. 1951–60)
Partner(s)
Diane Hegarty
Blanche Barton
Children
Karla LaVey (born 1952)
Zeena Schreck (born LaVey – 1963)
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey (born November 1, 1993)
Signature
Anton LaVey Signature.jpg
Anton Szandor LaVey[1] (born Howard Stanton Levey; April 11, 1930 – October 29, 1997) was an American author, occultist, carnival and circus performer, and musician. He was the founder of the Church of Satan and the religion of modern Satanism. He authored several books including The Satanic Bible, The Satanic Rituals, The Satanic Witch, The Devil's Notebook, and Satan Speaks!. LaVey was labeled many things by journalists, religious detractors and Satanists alike, including "The Father of Modern Satanism",[2] "The Black Pope",[3] and the "evilest man in the world".[4]
Contents [hide]
1 Biography 1.1 Ancestry and early life
1.2 Beginnings as a Satanist
1.3 Church of Satan
1.4 Death
2 LaVey related books 2.1 Books by LaVey
2.2 Books featuring writings by LaVey
2.3 Books about LaVey
3 Recordings of Anton LaVey
4 See also
5 References
6 External links 6.1 Writings by LaVey
6.2 Interviews with LaVey
6.3 About LaVey
Biography[edit]
Part of a series on
Individualism
Topics and concepts[show]
Thinkers[show]
Philosophies[show]
Principal concerns[show]
v ·
t ·
e
Ancestry and early life[edit]
LaVey was born as Howard Stanton Levey in Chicago, Illinois. His father, Michael Joseph Levey (1903–1992), from Chicago, Illinois married LaVey's mother, the former Gertrude Augusta Coultron who was born to a Russian father and Ukrainian mother who had emigrated to Ohio in 1893; both became naturalized American citizens in 1900. LaVey's family moved to California, where he spent his early life in the San Francisco Bay Area. His parents supported his musical interests, as he tried a number of instruments; his favorites were keyboards such as the pipe organ and the calliope. He did covers of instrumentals like Harlem Nocturne by Earle Hagen.[5]
He attended Tamalpais High School in Mill Valley, California, until the age of 16.[6][7] According to his biography, he left high school to join a circus and later carnivals, first as a roustabout and cage boy in an act with the big cats, then as a musician playing the calliope. LaVey later claimed to have seen that many of the same men attended both the bawdy Saturday night shows and the tent revival meetings on Sunday mornings, which reinforced his increasingly cynical view of religion. He would later work as an organist in bars, lounges and nightclubs. In the foreword to the German version of The Satanic Bible, he cites this as the impetus to defy Christian religion as he knew it. He explains why church-goers employ double moral standards.[8] While playing organ in Los Angeles burlesque houses, he allegedly had a brief affair with then-unknown Marilyn Monroe when she was a dancer at the Mayan Theater. This is challenged by those who then knew Monroe, as well as the manager of the Mayan, Paul Valentine, who said she had never been one of his dancers, nor had the theater ever been used as a burlesque house.[9]
According to his biography, LaVey moved back to San Francisco, where he worked for three years as a photographer for the San Francisco Police Department (SFPD). He dabbled as a psychic investigator, looking into "800 calls" referred to him by the police department. Later biographers questioned whether LaVey ever worked with the SFPD, as there are no records substantiating the claim.[1][10] During this period, LaVey was friends with a number of writers associated with Weird Tales magazine; a picture of him with George Haas, Robert Barbour Johnson (whom he had met in the circus as an animal trainer and painter of carnival scenes) and Clark Ashton Smith appears in Blanche Barton's biography The Secret Life of a Satanist.
In 1950, LaVey met Carole Lansing and they married the following year. Lansing gave birth to LaVey's first daughter, Karla LaVey, born in 1952. They divorced in 1960 after LaVey became entranced by Diane Hegarty. Hegarty and LaVey never married; however, she was his companion for many years and mothered his second daughter, Zeena Galatea Schreck (née LaVey), in 1963.[11] At the end of their relationship, Hegarty sued for palimony.[12][13]
Beginnings as a Satanist[edit]
Becoming a local celebrity through his paranormal research and live performances as an organist, including playing the Wurlitzer at the Lost Weekend cocktail lounge, he attracted many San Francisco notables to his parties. Guests included Carin de Plessin, Michael Harner, Chester A. Arthur III, Forrest J. Ackerman, Fritz Leiber, Cecil E. Nixon and Kenneth Anger. LaVey formed a group called the Order of the Trapezoid, which later evolved into the governing body of the Church of Satan.
Church of Satan[edit]
LaVey began presenting Friday night lectures on the occult and rituals. A member of this circle suggested that he had the basis for a new religion. On Walpurgisnacht, April 30, 1966, he ritualistically shaved his head, allegedly "in the tradition of ancient executioners", declared the founding of the Church of Satan and proclaimed 1966 as "the Year One", Anno Satanas—the first year of the Age of Satan. Media attention followed the subsequent Satanic wedding ceremony of Radical journalist John Raymond to New York City socialite Judith Case on February 1, 1967. The Los Angeles Times and San Francisco Chronicle were among the newspapers that printed articles dubbing him "The Black Pope". LaVey performed Satanic baptisms (including the first Satanic baptism in history for his three-year-old daughter Zeena, dedicating her to the Devil, which garnered world-wide publicity and was originally recorded on The Satanic Mass LP) [14][15][16][17] and Satanic funerals (including one for naval machinist-repairman third-class Edward Olsen, complete with a chrome-helmeted honor guard), and released a record album entitled The Satanic Mass.
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, LaVey melded ideological influences from Friedrich Nietzsche, Ayn Rand,[18] H.L. Mencken, and Jack London with the ideology and ritual practices of the Church of Satan. He wrote essays introduced with reworked excerpts from Ragnar Redbeard's Might Is Right and concluded with "Satanized" versions of John Dee's Enochian Keys to create books such as The Complete Witch (re-released in 1989 as The Satanic Witch), and The Satanic Rituals. The latter book also included rituals drawing on the work of H.P. Lovecraft which were actually penned by Michael A. Aquino, who would later found the Temple of Set.
Due to increasing visibility through his books, LaVey was the subject of numerous articles in the news media throughout the world, including popular magazines such as Look, McCall's, Newsweek, and TIME, and men's magazines. He also appeared on talk shows such as The Joe Pyne Show, Donahue, and The Tonight Show, and in a feature length documentary called Satanis: The Devil's Mass in 1970. He would be credited for the mainstreaming of Satanism and witchcraft in the U.S. during the 1960s, 1970s and after. In 1972 the public work at La Vey's Black House in San Francisco was curtailed and work was continued via 'grottoes' or subsidiary branches of the Church of Satan located throughout the USA and some in other countries.
LaVey's third and final companion was Blanche Barton. Barton and LaVey are the parents of Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey, born November 1, 1993. Barton succeeded him as the head of the Church after his death, and has since stepped down from that role and handed it to Magus Peter H. Gilmore.
Death[edit]
Statue of LaVey in Wax Museum, Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco.
Anton LaVey died on October 29, 1997, in St. Mary's Medical Center in San Francisco of pulmonary edema.[19] He was taken to St. Mary's, a Catholic hospital, because it was the closest available. A secret Satanic funeral, attended by invitation only, was held in Colma after which LaVey's body was cremated.[6]
LaVey related books[edit]
Books by LaVey[edit]
The Satanic Bible (1969) (Avon, ISBN 0-380-01539-0)
The Satanic Rituals (1972) (Avon, ISBN 0-380-01392-4)
The Satanic Witch (1989) (Feral House, ISBN 0-922915-00-8)
The Devil's Notebook (1992) (Feral House, ISBN 0-922915-11-3)
Satan Speaks! (1998) (Feral House, ISBN 0-922915-66-0)
Books featuring writings by LaVey[edit]
"Misanthropia", Rants and Incendiary Tracts: Voices of Desperate Illuminations 1558–Present!, edited by Bob Black and Adam Parfrey (Amok Press and Loompanics Unlimited, 1989, ISBN 0-941693-03-1)
"The Invisible War", Apocalypse Culture: Expanded & revised edition, edited by Adam Parfrey (Amok Press, 1990, ISBN 0-922915-05-9)
"Forward", Might Is Right, or The Survival of the Fittest by Ragnar Redbeard, LL.D., edited by Katja Lane (M.H.P. & Co., Ltd, 1996, ISBN 0-915179-12-1)
Books about LaVey[edit]
The Devil's Avenger: A Biography of Anton Szandor LaVey by Burton H. Wolfe (Pyramid Books, 1974, ISBN 0-515-03471-1, Out of print)
The Black Pope by Burton H. Wolfe (a drastically revised and updated edition of The Devil's Avenger; available at http://themindopeningbooks.us/)
The Secret Life Of A Satanist: The Authorized Biography of Anton LaVey by Blanche Barton (Feral House, 1990, ISBN 0-922915-12-1).
Popular Witchcraft: Straight from the Witch's Mouth by Jack Fritscher ; featuring Anton LaVey (University of Wisconsin Press : Popular Press, 2004, ISBN 0-299-20300-X, hardcover, ISBN 0-299-20304-2, paperback)
The 2009 play 'Debate' by Irish author Seán Ferrick features LaVey as a character. He is one of four witnesses in a case between God and The Devil, and events from both his life and after his death are used as evidence. He was portrayed by Mark O'Brien and Fiachra MacNamara
Recordings of Anton LaVey[edit]
The Satanic Mass, LP (Murgenstrumm Records, 1968; re-released on CD with one bonus track, "Hymn of the Satanic Empire, or The Battle Hymn of the Apocalypse", by Amarillo Records, 1994; Mephisto Media, 2001)
Answer Me/Honolulu Baby, 7" single (Amarillo Records, 1993)
Strange Music, 10" EP (Amarillo Records, 1994; now available through Reptilian Records)
Satan Takes A Holiday, CD (Amarillo Records, 1995; now available through Reptilian Records)
Religious titles
Preceded by
Church established High Priest of the Church of Satan
1966–1997 Succeeded by
Peter H. Gilmore after vacancy
See also[edit]
Church of Satan
The Satanic Bible
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Wright, Lawrence – "It's Not Easy Being Evil in a World That's Gone to Hell", Rolling Stone, September 5, 1991: 63–68, 105–16.
2.Jump up ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=1ovVPyL6AmwC&pg=PA91&lpg=PA91&dq=father+of+modern+satanism+lavey&source=bl&ots=Zg0MUpnyHS&sig=SPn6FA6GUTsHzIwE6jjQ8vwydlc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=W9R0VenHIsarsAWjqIPACA&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=father%20of%20modern%20satanism%20lavey&f=false
3.Jump up ^ http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Anton-LaVey-Church-of-Satan-founder-3309154.php
4.Jump up ^ http://www.maryellenmark.com/text/magazines/rolling%20stone/920S-000-004.html
5.Jump up ^ Video on YouTube
6.^ Jump up to: a b Hatfield, Larry D. (November 7, 1997). "Anton LaVey, Church of Satan founder". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
7.Jump up ^ Stafford, Matthew (Tam 1978) (August 22, 2008). "Cool for school: For 100 years, it's been one Tam thing after another...". Pacific Sun. Retrieved March 14, 2012.
8.Jump up ^ LaVey, Anton Szandor (1999). Die Satanische Bible (Satanic Bible). Berlin: Second Sight Books.
9.Jump up ^ The Church of Satan by Michael Aquino p. 17-19, detailing information from Harry Lipton, Monroe's agent, Paul Valentine and Edward Webber"
10.Jump up ^ Lewis, James R. (2003). Legitimating New Religions. Rutgers University Press. p. 109. ISBN 0813533244.
11.Jump up ^ Lattin, Don (January 25, 1999). "Satan's Den in Great Disrepair". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2009-09-16. "Both Karla LaVey [sic] and Schreck were the product of LaVey's common-law marriage to Diane Hegarty from 1962 to 1986. One of the highlights of that unholy union was Schreck's 1967 satanic baptism at the Black House, when she was three years old."
12.Jump up ^ "Palimony Suit Rests on Bed of Nails". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. September 11, 1988. Retrieved 2009-09-16. "On paper, the agreement seemed friendly enough: She got the 1967 Jaguar. He got the 1936 Cord, the 1972 Datsun 280 and the 1976 Cadillac limousine. Still to be decided were the medieval torture implements, the crystal ball, the devil bust, the bed of nails and the classic wooden coffin. But now, the whole thing has become a devil of an issue in San Francisco Superior Court, as the nation's first prince and princess of darkness square off in legal proceedings."
13.Jump up ^ Phillips, Richard (September 13, 1988). "The End is Near". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2009-09-16. "Anton Szandor LaVey, high priest of San Francisco's Church of Satan, lived with Diane Hegarty for 22 years. Now they are squaring off in a palimony suit over household property."
14.Jump up ^ "The Satanic Mass/Zeena's Baptism Track A9 go to 3:42".
15.Jump up ^ "The Satanic Mass, Track A9 (Zeena's Baptism)". Murgenstrumm, 1968 Vinly LP.
16.Jump up ^ "Satanist Anton LaVey Baptising Daughter". San Francisco, California, USA: Bettmann/CORBIS. May 23, 1967. "LaVey [...] said the mystic ceremony was the first such baptism in history."
17.Jump up ^ "clippings of Zeena's baptism world wide".
18.Jump up ^ Lewis, James R. "Who Serves Satan? A Demographic and Ideological Profile". Marburg Journal of Religion. June 2001.
19.Jump up ^ "Anton LaVey; Founded the Church of Satan". Los Angeles Times. November 8, 1997. "Anton LaVey, who founded the Church of Satan in 1966 and wrote the "Satanic Bible" as a guide for international followers, has died at the age of 67. LaVey was cremated Tuesday after a satanic funeral at Woodlawn Memorial Chapel in Colma. Security concerns led his daughter, Church of Satan High Priestess Karla LaVey, to demand "absolute secrecy from all who knew of LaVey's death and satanic funeral," family spokesman Lee Houskeeper said. ..."
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anton LaVey.
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Anton LaVey
Writings by LaVey[edit]
The Nine Satanic Statements
The Eleven Satanic Rules of the Earth
The Nine Satanic Sins
Pentagonal Revisionism: A Five-Point Program, 1988
The World’s Most Powerful Religion
Enochian Pronunciation Guide
Letters From The Devil from The National Insider, Vol. 14, No. 17, April 27, 1969.
On Occultism of the Past from The Cloven Hoof, September 1971 c.e., Volume Three, Number Nine.
Interviews with LaVey[edit]
Section concerning Anton LaVey in Chapter XII (Satan in the Suburbs) of "Occult America" by John Godwin (Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1972)
Section concerning Anton LaVey in "Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Sorcery, But Were Afraid to Ask" by Arlene J. Fitzgerald (Manor Books, 1973)
“Anton LaVey: America’s Satanic Master of Devils, Magic, Music, and Madness” by Walt Harrington in "The Washington Post Magazine", February 23, 1986.
“Anton LaVey / The Church of Satan Interview” by Eugene Robinson in "The Birth of Tragedy", No. 4 "The God Issue", November 1986 – January 1987
"Dinner with the Devil: An evening with Anton Szandor LaVey, the High Priest of the Church of Satan" by Reverend Bob Johnson in "High Society", August 1994.
"The Doctor is in......" by Shane & Amy Bugbee in "MF Magazine" #3, Summer 1997.
Interview with Anton LaVey by Michelle Carr and Elvia Lahman, originally published in the September 11, 1997 Velvet Hammer souvenir programme.
About LaVey[edit]
Anton Szandor LaVey: A Biographical Sketch by Magus Peter H. Gilmore, on the Church of Satan's official website.
Anton Lavey by Alex Burns at disinformation.
Anton LaVey at the Internet Movie Database
People of Significance entry for LaVey
Anton LaVey at the Notable Names Database
Short biographical sketch with particular focus on his influence on Marilyn Manson, taken from "Spin magazine" (February 1998, pg. 64).
Anton LaVey at Find a Grave
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LaVeyan Satanism
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Literature
The Satanic Bible ·
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The Compleat Witch, Or What to Do When Virtue Fails ·
The Devil's Notebook ·
Satan Speaks! ·
The Church of Satan: A History of the World's Most Notorious Religion ·
The Secret Life of a Satanist ·
The Satanic Scriptures ·
Letters from the Devil: The Lost Writing of Anton Szandor LaVey ·
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9
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Related topics
Occultism ·
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Satanis: The Devil's Mass ·
Speak of the Devil: The Canon of Anton LaVey ·
The Satanic Mass LP ·
Satan Takes a Holiday ·
An Interview with Peter H. Gilmore
Authority control
WorldCat ·
VIAF: 19917109 ·
LCCN: no95008617 ·
ISNI: 0000 0001 2277 2341 ·
GND: 11926305X ·
SUDOC: 148511171 ·
BNF: cb145315929 (data) ·
MusicBrainz: d06850d5-d4c8-4438-b311-e2d034e69452 ·
NLA: 35286937 ·
NKC: xx0009248
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Category:American Satanists
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Pages in category "American Satanists"
The following 16 pages are in this category, out of 16 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
B
Blanche Barton
Glen Benton
Paul Booth
G
Peter H. Gilmore
H
Diane Hegarty
K
Ricky Kasso
John Katehis
L
Anton LaVey
Karla LaVey
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey
Steven Johnson Leyba
M
James Mason (National Socialist)
N
Peggy Nadramia
R
Richard Ramirez
Boyd Rice
S
Nikolas Schreck
Categories: American people by religion
Satanists by nationality
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This page was last modified on 26 March 2013, at 18:57.
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Category:American Satanists
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Pages in category "American Satanists"
The following 16 pages are in this category, out of 16 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
B
Blanche Barton
Glen Benton
Paul Booth
G
Peter H. Gilmore
H
Diane Hegarty
K
Ricky Kasso
John Katehis
L
Anton LaVey
Karla LaVey
Satan Xerxes Carnacki LaVey
Steven Johnson Leyba
M
James Mason (National Socialist)
N
Peggy Nadramia
R
Richard Ramirez
Boyd Rice
S
Nikolas Schreck
Categories: American people by religion
Satanists by nationality
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Category:Satanists by nationality
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Subcategories
This category has the following 9 subcategories, out of 9 total.
► Luciferians by nationality (3 C)
A
► American Satanists (16 P)
B
► British Satanists (2 C, 1 P)
C
► Czech Satanists (1 P)
D
► Danish Satanists (1 C, 1 P)
F
► French Satanists (3 P)
I
► Italian Satanists (2 P)
N
► Norwegian Satanists (3 P)
S
► Swedish Satanists (1 C, 4 P)
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Category:Satanists by nationality
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Subcategories
This category has the following 9 subcategories, out of 9 total.
► Luciferians by nationality (3 C)
A
► American Satanists (16 P)
B
► British Satanists (2 C, 1 P)
C
► Czech Satanists (1 P)
D
► Danish Satanists (1 C, 1 P)
F
► French Satanists (3 P)
I
► Italian Satanists (2 P)
N
► Norwegian Satanists (3 P)
S
► Swedish Satanists (1 C, 4 P)
Categories: Satanists
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