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Brokeback Mountain
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This article is about the motion picture. For the original short story, see Brokeback Mountain (short story).

Brokeback Mountain
Brokeback mountain.jpg
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Ang Lee
Produced by
James Schamus
Larry McMurtry
Diana Ossana
Screenplay by
Larry McMurtry
 Diana Ossana
Based on
Brokeback Mountain
 by Annie Proulx
Starring
Heath Ledger
Jake Gyllenhaal
Anne Hathaway
Michelle Williams
Music by
Gustavo Santaolalla
Cinematography
Rodrigo Prieto
Editing by
Geraldine Peroni
Dylan Tichenor
Studio
River Road Entertainment
Good Machine
Distributed by
Focus Features
Release dates
September 2, 2005 (Venice International Film Festival)
December 9, 2005 (United States)
December 23, 2005 (Canada)

Running time
134 minutes
Country
United States
 Canada
Language
English
Budget
$14 million
Box office
$178,062,759
Brokeback Mountain is a 2005 American epic romantic drama film directed by Ang Lee. It is a film adaptation of the 1997 short story of the same name by Annie Proulx with the screenplay written by Diana Ossana and Larry McMurtry. The film stars Heath Ledger, Jake Gyllenhaal, Anne Hathaway, Michelle Williams, and Randy Quaid, and depicts the complex romantic and sexual relationship between two men in the American West from 1963 to 1981.[1]
Brokeback Mountain won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival and was honored with Best Picture and Best Director accolades from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, Golden Globe Awards, Producers Guild of America, Critics Choice Awards, and Independent Spirit Awards among many other organizations and festivals.
Brokeback Mountain was nominated for eight Academy Awards, the most nominations at the 78th Academy Awards, where it won three: Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Original Score. The film was widely considered to be a front runner for the Academy Award for Best Picture, but lost to Crash.[2][3][4][5] Brokeback Mountain ranks 12th among the highest-grossing romance films of all time.[6]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Commercial success
5 Reception
6 International reception
7 Controversies 7.1 Utah theater cancellation
7.2 Political pundits
7.3 Gene Shalit and The Today Show
7.4 U.S. social conservatives
7.5 Criticism of marketing
7.6 Quaid lawsuit
7.7 Allegations of animal cruelty
7.8 Post-Academy Awards reaction
7.9 Film location
7.10 Fan fiction
8 Accolades 8.1 Won
8.2 Nominated
9 Home media
10 See also
11 References
12 Further reading
13 External links

Plot[edit]
In 1963, Ennis Del Mar (Heath Ledger) and Jack Twist (Jake Gyllenhaal) are hired by Joe Aguirre (Randy Quaid) to herd his sheep through the summer in Wyoming. After a night of heavy drinking, Jack makes a sexual pass at Ennis, who is initially reluctant but eventually falls to Jack's advances. Though he informs Jack that it was a one-time incident, they develop a sexual and emotional relationship. Shortly after learning their summer together is being cut short, they briefly fight and each is bloodied.
After Jack and Ennis part ways, Ennis marries his longtime fiancée Alma Beers (Michelle Williams) and fathers two daughters. Jack returns the next summer, but Aguirre, who witnessed Jack and Ennis on the mountain, does not rehire him. Jack moves to Texas, where he meets, marries, and has a son with rodeo rider Lureen Newsome (Anne Hathaway). After four years, Jack visits Ennis. Upon meeting, the two kiss passionately, which Alma accidentally witnesses. Jack broaches the subject of creating a life together on a small ranch, but Ennis, haunted by a childhood memory of the torture and murder of a man suspected of homosexual behavior, refuses. He is also unwilling to abandon his family. Ennis and Jack continue to meet for infrequent fishing trips.
The marriages of both men deteriorate. Alma and Ennis eventually divorce in 1975. Ennis sees his family regularly until Alma finally confronts him about her knowledge of the true nature of his relationship with Jack which incites a violent argument and causes Ennis to abandon his connections with Alma. Lureen abandons her rodeo days and becomes a businesswoman with her father and expects Jack to work in sales. Hearing about Ennis' divorce, Jack drives to Wyoming hoping they can live together, but Ennis refuses to move away from his children. Jack finds solace with male prostitutes in Mexico. Ennis meets and has a brief romantic relationship with a waitress, Cassie Cartwright (Linda Cardellini). Jack and Lureen meet and befriend another couple, Randall and Lashawn Malone, and it is implied that Jack and Randall begin an affair behind their wives' backs.
At the end of a fishing trip, Ennis attempts to push back their next meeting. An argument erupts over Jack's frustration at him and Ennis meeting infrequently, and Ennis blames Jack for being the cause of his own conflicted actions. Jack attempts to hold him and there is a brief struggle, but they end up locked in an embrace. A flashback of Ennis saying goodbye to Jack during their summer on Brokeback Mountain fades back to Jack watching Ennis drive away.
Some time later, a postcard Ennis sends to Jack is returned stamped "Deceased". In a brief telephone conversation, Lureen tells Ennis that Jack died when a tire he was changing exploded. While listening, Ennis imagines Jack being bludgeoned to death by a gang. Jack's actual fate is left "deliberately ambiguous".[7] Lureen tells Ennis that Jack wanted to have his ashes scattered on Brokeback Mountain, but she does not know where it is. Ennis travels to meet with Jack's mother and father (Roberta Maxwell and Peter McRobbie), where he offers to take Jack's ashes, but the father declines, preferring to have them interred in a family plot. In Jack's childhood bedroom, Ennis finds the bloodstained shirt he thought he lost on Brokeback Mountain, realizing that Jack kept it hanging with the bloodstained shirt Jack himself wore during that fight. Ennis holds them up to his face, breathing in their scent and silently weeping. Jack's mother allows him to keep the shirts.
Later, 19-year-old Alma Jr. (Kate Mara) arrives at her father's trailer with the news that she is engaged. She asks Ennis for his blessing and invites him to the wedding. Ennis asks her if her fiancé really loves her, and she answers that he does. After Alma's departure, Ennis goes to his closet. Hanging on a nail on the door are the shirts with a postcard of Brokeback Mountain tacked above. Now Jack's shirt is tucked inside of Ennis's. Ennis fastens the top button of Jack's shirt, and with tears in his eyes mutters, "Jack, I swear..." while straightening the postcard before closing the door and walking away.
Cast[edit]
Heath Ledger as Ennis Del Mar
Jake Gyllenhaal as Jack Twist
Randy Quaid as Joe Aguirre
Michelle Williams as Alma Beers Del Mar
Anne Hathaway as Lureen Newsome Twist
Linda Cardellini as Cassie Cartwright
Anna Faris as Lashawn Malone
David Harbour as Randall Malone
Roberta Maxwell as Mrs. Twist
Peter McRobbie as John Twist
Kate Mara as Alma Del Mar Jr.
Production[edit]
Before Lee, Gus Van Sant attempted to turn Proulx's story into a film starring Joaquin Phoenix and Matt Damon. Damon told the director, "Gus, I did a gay movie (The Talented Mr. Ripley), then a cowboy movie (All the Pretty Horses). I can't follow it up with a gay-cowboy movie!"[8]
While the film is set in Wyoming, it was filmed almost entirely in the Canadian Rockies in southern Alberta.[9] The fictional "Brokeback Mountain" in the film, so named because the mountain has the same swayback curve as a brokeback horse or mule, which is swaybacked or sagging in the spine,[10] is actually a composite of Mount Lougheed south of the town of Canmore to Fortress and Moose Mountain in Kananaskis Country.[11] The campsites were filmed at Goat Creek, Upper Kananaskis Lake, Elbow Falls and Canyon Creek, also in Alberta. Other scenes were also filmed in Cowley, Fort Macleod,[12] and Calgary. The film was shot during the summer of 2004.[13]
Mark Wahlberg declined the starring role, saying he turned down the opportunity because he was "a little creeped out" by the homosexual themes and sex scene.[14]
Commercial success[edit]
Brokeback Mountain cost about US$14 million to produce, excluding its reported advertising budget of $5 million. According to interviews with the filmmakers, Focus Features was able to recoup its production costs early on by selling overseas rights to the film.
The film saw limited release in the United States on December 9, 2005 (in New York City, Los Angeles, and San Francisco), taking $547,425 in five theaters its first weekend.
Over the Christmas weekend, it posted the highest per-theater gross of any film and was considered a box office success not only in urban centers such as New York City and Los Angeles, but also in suburban theaters near Portland, Houston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, and Atlanta. On January 6, 2006, the film expanded into 483 theaters, and on January 13, 2006, Focus Features, the film's distributor, opened Brokeback in nearly 700 North American cinemas as part of its ongoing expansion strategy for the film. On January 20, the film opened in 1,194 theaters in North America; it opened in 1,652 theaters on January 27 and in 2,089 theaters on February 3, its widest release.
Brokeback Mountain's theatrical run lasted for 133 days and grossed $83,043,761 in North America and $95,000,000 abroad, adding up to a worldwide gross of more than $178 million. It is the top-grossing release of Focus Features, ranks fifth among the highest-grossing westerns (since 1979) and eighth among the highest-grossing romantic dramas (1980 – present).
The film was released in London on December 30, 2005, in only one cinema, and was widely released in the rest of the United Kingdom on January 6, 2006. On January 11, Time Out London magazine reported that Brokeback was the number one film in the city, a position it held for three weeks.[15]
The film was released in France on January 18, 2006, in 155 cinemas (expanding into 258 cinemas in the second week and into 290 in the third week). In its first week of release, Brokeback Mountain was in third place at the French box office, with 277,000 people viewing the film, or an average of 1,787 people by cinema per week, the highest such figure for any film in France that week. One month later, it reached more than one million viewers (more than 1,250,000 on March 18), with still 168 cinemas (in the 10th week). Released in Italy on January 20, the film grossed more than 890,000 euros in only three days, and was the fourth highest-grossing film in the country in its first week of release.
Brokeback Mountain was released in Australia on January 26, 2006, where it landed in fourth place at the box office and earned an average per-screen gross three times higher than its nearest competitor during its first weekend despite being released in only 48 cinemas nationwide. Most of the Australian critics praised the film.[16] Brokeback was released in many other countries during the first three months of 2006.[17]
During its first week of release, Brokeback was in first place in Hong Kong's box office, with more than US$473,868 ($22,565 per cinema).[18]
Brokeback Mountain was the highest-grossing film in the U.S. from January 17 through January 19, 2006, perhaps due primarily to its wins at the Golden Globes on January 16. Indeed, the film was one of the top five highest-grossing films in the U.S. every day from January 17 until January 28, including over the weekend (when more people go to the films and big-budget films usually crowd out independent films from the top-grossing list) of January 20–22.[19] On January 28, the film fell out of the top five and into sixth place at the box office during that weekend before entering the top five again on January 30 and remaining there until February 10.
The film was released on January 20, 2006, in Taiwan, where director Ang Lee was born. It ran until April 20.
The pair of shirts from the film sold on eBay on February 20, 2006, for US$101,100.51.[20][21] The buyer, film historian and collector Tom Gregory, called the shirts "the ruby slippers of our time," and intends never to separate them.[22] The proceeds will benefit California children's charity Variety, which has long been associated with the film industry.[23]
The shirts (still entwined and on the original hanger) are currently on loan to the Autry National Center, where they are on display in the Autry's Imagination Gallery.[24] On December 11, 2010, in association with Focus Features, the Autry screened Brokeback Mountain to commemorate the film's fifth anniversary, followed by a staged reading based on the book Beyond Brokeback, written by Members of the Ultimate Brokeback Forum and adapted for the stage by author and producer Gregory Hinton. This program was presented as part of the Out West at the Autry series. Conceived by Hinton, consulting producer for the series, Out West at the Autry was inspired not only by the installation of the iconic Brokeback shirts but also by the permanent inclusion of the International Gay Rodeo Association's (IGRA) archives into the Autry Library (both facilitated by Hinton). The Autry National Center is the first major American museum to recognize the contributions of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community to the American West.
Reception[edit]
Professional film critics have heaped praise on Brokeback Mountain.[25] The film won four Golden Globe Awards, including Best Motion Picture – Drama, and was nominated for seven, leading all other films in the 2005 awards. It won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival, as well as the title Best Picture from the Boston Society of Film Critics, the Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association, the Florida Film Critics Circle, the Las Vegas Film Critics Society, the Los Angeles Film Critics Association, the New York Film Critics Circle, the San Francisco Film Critics Circle, the Southeastern Film Critics Association, the Utah Film Critics Society, and the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTAs).








The poster's layout was fashioned after Titanic's, which similarly used the theme of star-crossed lovers.[26]
Brokeback Mountain received an 87% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes, compiled from 223 reviews, with the consensus that "a beautifully epic Western, Brokeback Mountain's gay love story is imbued with heartbreaking universality, helped by the moving performances of Ledger and Gyllenhaal."[25] It also received an 87 out of 100 score on Metacritic based on 41 reviews, indicating "Universal acclaim."[27] The film was given a "two thumbs up" rating by Roger Ebert and Richard Roeper, the former giving a four-star review in the Chicago Sun-Times. The film received positive reviews from Christianity Today.[28] Conservative radio host Michael Medved gave the film three and a half stars, stating that while the film's "agenda" is blatant, it is an artistic work.[29]
The film's significance has been attributed to its portrayal of a same-sex relationship without any reference to the history of the gay civil rights movement.[30] This emphasizes the tragic love story aspect, which leads many commentators to effectively compare Ennis and Jack's drama to classic and modern romances like Romeo and Juliet or Titanic, often using the term star-crossed lovers.[31][32][33] This link to classic romances is no coincidence; the poster for the film was inspired by that of James Cameron's Titanic, after Ang Lee's collaborator James Schamus looked at the posters of "the 50 most romantic movies ever made".[34]
There was also disagreement among reviewers, critics, and even the cast and crew as to whether the film's two protagonists were actually homosexual, bisexual, heterosexual, or under no sexual label at all. Most often the film was referred to in the media as the "gay cowboy movie," but a number of reviewers wrote that Jack and Ennis were bisexual.[35][36][37] Sex researcher Fritz Klein also asserted his opinion that the film was "a nice film with two main characters who were bisexual", and further analyzed that Jack is more "toward the gay side of bisexuality" and Ennis is "a bit more toward the straight side of being bisexual".[38] In an article in American Sexuality Magazine, bisexuality-focused sex educator Amy Andre critiqued the media's avoidance of the use of the term bisexual in association with Brokeback Mountain:
“ Brokeback Mountain is a not a movie about gay people, and there are no gay people in it. There. I said it. Despite what you may have read in the many reviews that have come out about this new cowboy feature film, Brokeback Mountain is a bisexual picture. Why can't film reviewers say the word 'bisexual' when they see lead characters with sexual and romantic relationships with both men and women? I am unaware of a single review of Brokeback calling the leads what they are—a sad statement on the invisibility of bisexual experience and the level of biphobia in both the mainstream and gay media.[39] ”
Gyllenhaal himself took the opinion that Ennis and Jack were heterosexual men who "develop this love, this bond," also saying in a Details interview: "I approached the story believing that these are actually two straight guys who fall in love."[38] Still others stated that they felt the characters' sexuality to be simply ambiguous. Clarence Patton and Christopher Murray said in New York's Gay City News that Ennis and Jack's experiences were metaphors for "many men who do not identify as gay or even queer, but who nevertheless have sex with other men".[40] A reviewer at Filmcritic.com wrote, "We later see Jack eagerly engage Lureen sexually, with no explanation as to whether he is bisexual, so in need of physical intimacy that anyone, regardless of gender, will do, or merely very adept at faking it."[41] Ledger was quoted as stating in TIME: "I don't think Ennis could be labeled as gay. Without Jack Twist, I don't know that he ever would have come out.... I think the whole point was that it was two souls that fell in love with each other." Conversely, others stated that the characters were undoubtedly gay, including GLBT non-fiction author Eric Marcus, who dismissed "talk of Ennis and Jack being anything but gay as box office-influenced political correctness intended to steer straight audiences to the film". Roger Ebert also agrees that both characters are gay, although in doubt of it: "Jack is able to accept a little more willingly that he is inescapably gay,"[42] and the film's producer James Schamus said, "I suppose movies can be Rorschach tests for all of us, but damn if these characters aren't gay to me."[38] Annie Proulx herself opined "how different readers take the story is a reflection of their own personal values, attitudes, hang-ups."[43][44]
When Ledger and Gyllenhaal were asked about any fear of being cast in such controversial roles, Ledger responded that he was not afraid of the role, but rather he was concerned that he would not be mature enough as an actor to do the story justice. Gyllenhaal has stated that he is extremely proud of the film and his role, regardless of what the reactions would be. He regards rumors of him being bisexual as flattering, stating, "I'm open to whatever people want to call me. I've never really been attracted to men sexually, but I don't think I would be afraid of it if it happened."[45] Both have stated that the sex scenes in the beginning were difficult to do. Lee found the first scene difficult to film and has stated he has great respect for the two main actors for their "courage". Ledger's performance was described by Luke Davies as a difficult and empowering portrayal given the environment of the film, stating: "In Brokeback Mountain the vulnerability, the potential for danger, is so great – a world so masculine it might destroy you for any aberration – that [Ledger's] real brilliance was to bring to the screen a character, Ennis Del Mar, so fundamentally shut down that he is like a bible of unrequited desires, stifled yearnings, lost potential."[46]
On January 3, 2006, Universal, the studio of which Focus Features is the specialty division, announced that Brokeback Mountain was the most honored film of 2005. The independent website criticstop10.com backed that assertion, reporting that Brokeback Mountain was the most frequently selected film on reviewers' year-end Top Ten lists of 2005.[47] Entertainment Weekly put it on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list, saying, "Everyone called it 'The Gay Cowboy Movie.' Until they saw it. In the end, Ang Lee's 2005 love story wasn't gay or straight, just human."[48]
On March 9, 2006, a press release was sent to more than 400 media outlets announcing that nearly $26,000 had been raised for an ad to be posted in the Daily Variety on March 10, 2006.[49] This $26,000 had been raised by just over 600 fans through an online donations site, affiliated with a non-studio-sponsored online forum which is devoted to the film and the book.[50] The story was quickly picked up by several outlets including Yahoo!, The Advocate, and The New York Times.[51][52] The ad served as a simple show of fan support despite its losing the Best Picture Oscar.
International reception[edit]
“ I think they are genuinely happy to see a Chinese director win an Academy Award with good artistic value. I think that pride is genuine, so I would not think that's hypocritical at all. ”
—Ang Lee, responding to being celebrated in China for winning the Academy Award, although the film was not released there.[53]

The title of Brokeback Mountain has been translated into several other languages. Often the foreign title is literally The Secret(s) of Brokeback Mountain (how the French, Italian, Portuguese and Polish titles translate). In Canadian French, the title was translated to Souvenirs de Brokeback Mountain (Memories of Brokeback Mountain). In Hungarian, the title was Túl a barátságon (Beyond friendship). The Region 1 DVD has English, Spanish (Latin American), French (Canadian), and on some DVDs, German audio tracks.
The film also met with mixed reactions in other nations, including China and Middle Eastern countries:
According to news reports, the film has not been shown in theaters in China, although it was freely available in bootleg DVD and video. The reason given by the state for not showing the film in theaters was that the anticipated audience was too small to justify this type of release. However, foreign media advanced the argument that this was merely a cover and that government hostility is better explained by opposition to the homosexuality portrayed in the film.[54][55] Although the film opened in theaters in Lee's native Taiwan on January 20, 2006, and Hong Kong on February 23, 2006.[56] In an interview with CNN, Ang Lee was asked "Brokeback Mountain has never been shown in China, but when you won Best Director in 2005 for that film, the Chinese media said, and I quote: "You are the pride of the Chinese people all over the world." Do you find that a little hypocritical, the fact that you are feted by China, yet your film is not allowed to be shown there?"[53] Lee responded "It was, I wouldn't say hypocritical. I think they are genuinely happy to see a Chinese director win an Academy Award with good artistic value. I think that pride is genuine, so I would not think that's hypocritical at all. Not only in my judgment, I literally meet people who are genuinely happy. No, no, I don't think so, it's just like they don't want homosexual movie shown in the movies, it's hard to put American logic... It's just something else. I don't know how to describe it, it's just something else. So what can I say?"[53] The word "brokeback" (Chinese: 斷背; pinyin: duànbèi) entered the Chinese lexicon as a slang word for homosexuality.[57]
In the Middle East, the film was a political issue. Homosexuality remains a serious crime in most Middle Eastern nations and remains a taboo subject even in the few nations where it is legal. Israel was the only country in the Middle East to show the uncensored version of the film.[citation needed] Lebanon was the only Arab country to show the film, but in a censored format. The film was also released in Turkey.[58] The film was officially banned from cinema screenings in the United Arab Emirates; however, the DVD release of the film was permitted to be rented from stores such as Blockbuster Video.[59][60]
On December 8, 2008, the Italian state-owned television channel Rai Due aired a censored version of the film, removing all the scenes with homoerotic references. This led to an uproar of protests from viewers lamenting that it was impossible to follow the plot and from the Arcigay organisation, which considered it akin to an action of homophobic censorship.[61] The state-owned television network RAI defended itself, stating that it was a mistake of the Italian film distributor, and an uncensored version of the film was later shown on March 17, 2009.[62]
Controversies[edit]
Utah theater cancellation[edit]



 Miller speaking to protesters at the University of Utah regarding his decision.
On January 6, 2006, Utah Jazz owner Larry H. Miller pulled the film from his Jordan Commons entertainment complex in Sandy, Utah, a suburb of Salt Lake City. The decision was made at the last minute after entering into a contract to show the film and heavily advertising for it. He reneged on his obligations approximately two hours before the first scheduled showing upon learning that the plot concerned a same-sex romance. Miller stated that the film got away from "traditional families", something which he believes is "dangerous".[63][64] Focus Features threatened to sue him and announced it would no longer do business with him. In a statement the company added, "You can't do business with people who break their word."
Political pundits[edit]
Several political pundits, including commentators Bill O'Reilly, John Gibson, and Cal Thomas, accused Hollywood of pushing an agenda with the film. On December 23, 2005, the Fox network reported that Brokeback Mountain was facing "Brokeback Burnout", citing as evidence a fall in revenues from Sunday, December 18, 2005, to Monday, as well as subsequent falls during the week,[65] despite the fact that nearly all films see smaller business during the week compared to weekends.
Brokeback Mountain subsequently became the butt of jokes on Gibson's Fox News Radio program for months after the film's release. After Heath Ledger died from an accidental drug overdose in January 2008, Gibson was widely criticized for mocking the deceased actor hours after the news broke. At one point during the broadcast, Gibson played Jake Gyllenhaal's line "I wish I knew how to quit you", before telling his listeners, "Well, I guess he found out how to quit you."[66] Gibson defended himself by saying there was "no point in passing up a good joke",[67] but later apologized.[68][69]
Gene Shalit and The Today Show[edit]
The film critic for the U.S. morning show The Today Show, Gene Shalit, called Gyllenhaal's character, Jack Twist, a "sexual predator" who "tracks Ennis down and coaxes him into sporadic trysts." This triggered complaints, particularly from gay media watchdog group GLAAD, which argued that Shalit's characterization of the character would be akin to calling Leonardo DiCaprio's character in Titanic a sexual predator for his romantic pursuit of the character played by Kate Winslet. Shalit later apologized.
In a letter to GLAAD, Shalit's son Peter wrote, "He may have had an unpopular opinion of a movie that is important to the gay community, but he defamed no one, and he is not a homophobe." He went on to say that GLAAD had defamed his father by "falsely accusing him of a repellent form of bigotry".[70]
U.S. social conservatives[edit]
Several conservative Christian groups, such as Concerned Women for America and Focus on the Family, lambasted the film heavily even prior to its release. Following wins by Brokeback Mountain, Capote, and Transamerica at the 2006 Golden Globes, Janice Crouse, a Concerned Women for America member, cited these films as examples of how "the media elites are proving that their pet projects are more important than profit" and suggested that they were not popular enough to merit so much critical acclaim.[71]
Conservative radio personality Rush Limbaugh has referred to the film as "Bareback Mountain" and "Humpback Mountain".[72] Don Imus, another controversial radio personality, had labeled the film "Fudgepack Mountain".[73]
Criticism of marketing[edit]
Some commentators have voiced concerns about the coverage of the film's homosexual theme in the mass media both in advertising and in public events, such as press conferences and award ceremonies. Several journalists, including New York Daily News writer Wayman Wong, Dave Cullen and Daniel Mendelsohn,[74][75] have complained that the film's director, lead actors, and publicity team all avoided using the word gay to describe the story and pointed out that while the film trailer does not show the two male leads kissing each other, it nevertheless includes a clip from a heterosexual love scene.
Quaid lawsuit[edit]
On March 23, 2006, actor Randy Quaid, who played Joe Aguirre (Ennis and Jack's boss), filed a lawsuit against Focus Features (LLC), Del Mar Productions (LLC), James Schamus, David Linde, and Does 1–10 alleging that they intentionally and negligently misrepresented Brokeback Mountain as "a low-budget, art house film with no prospect of making any money" in order to secure Quaid's professional acting services at below-market rates. The film had grossed more than $160 million as of the date of his lawsuit, which sought $10 million plus punitive damages.[76] On May 5, Quaid dropped his lawsuit. Quaid's publicist said he decided to drop the lawsuit after Focus Features agreed to pay him a bonus. Focus Features denies making such a settlement.[77]
Allegations of animal cruelty[edit]
The American Humane Association raised concerns that animals were treated improperly during filming, alleging that sheep were handled roughly and that an elk appeared to have been "shot on cue", suggesting further that the animal was anesthetized for this purpose, violating standard guidelines for animal handling in the film industry.[78]
Post-Academy Awards reaction[edit]
Main article: List of accolades received by Brokeback Mountain: Post-Academy Awards reaction
Some critics accused the Academy of homophobia for failing to award the Oscar for Best Picture to Brokeback Mountain and instead giving it to a rival nominee, Crash. Michael Jensen noted that prior to the Oscar ceremony, Brokeback Mountain became "the most honored movie in cinematic history",[79] winning more Best Picture and Director awards than previous Oscar winners Schindler's List and Titanic combined, and pointing out that prior to Brokeback, no film that had won the Writer's Guild, Director's Guild, and Producer's Guild awards failed to win the Academy Award for Best Picture, and that only four times in the previous twenty-five years had the Best Picture winner not also been the film with the most nominations. He also noted that only once before had a film not even nominated for the Golden Globe's Best Picture (Crash) gone on to win the Academy Award.
Some critics, notably Roger Ebert, defended the decision to award Crash Best Picture, arguing the better film won that year. Ebert questioned why many critics weren't mentioning the other nominees and why they were bashing Crash only because it won over their preferred film.[80]
Film location[edit]
Like the story on which it was based, the film was set in Wyoming. Some residents of that state who objected to the film's "homosexual content" criticised the setting. While the film was shot largely in the Alberta Rockies, the Wyoming tourism board stated that the film "captured the spirit of Wyoming's Big Horn Mountains".[81]
Fan fiction[edit]
Proulx, author of the original short story, says "I wish I'd never written it" because of the existence of Brokeback Mountain fan fiction:[82]

[The film] is the source of constant irritation in my private life. There are countless people out there who think the story is open range to explore their fantasies and to correct what they see as an unbearably disappointing story.[83]
The authors, mostly men who claim to "understand men better than I do",[82] often send her their works:[83]

They constantly send ghastly manuscripts and pornish rewrites of the story to me, expecting me to reply with praise and applause for "fixing" the story. They certainly don't get the message that if you can't fix it you've got to stand it. Most of these "fix-it" tales have the character Ennis finding a husky boyfriend and living happily ever after, or discovering the character Jack is not really dead after all, or having the two men's children meet and marry, etc., etc.[83]
Accolades[edit]
Main article: List of accolades received by Brokeback Mountain
Brokeback Mountain won 71 awards and had an additional 52 nominations.[84] The winners include three Academy Awards for Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Score as well as four Golden Globe awards for Best Motion Picture-Drama, Best Director, Best Song, and Best Screenplay and four BAFTA Awards for Best Film, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal). The film also received four Screen Actors Guild nominations for Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress and Best Ensemble, more than any other film released in 2005. The film is one of several highly acclaimed LGBT-related films of 2005 to be nominated for critical awards; others include Breakfast on Pluto, Capote, Rent, and Transamerica. Some of the most significant awards and nominations for Brokeback Mountain are listed below:
Won[edit]

Academy Awards
1. Best Director, Ang Lee
2. Best Original Score, Gustavo Santaolalla
3. Best Adapted Screenplay, Larry McMurtry, Diana Ossana
Golden Globe Awards
1. Best Director, Ang Lee
2. Best Motion Picture — Drama
3. Best Original Song, Gustavo Santaolalla, Bernie Taupin
4. Best Screenplay, Larry McMurtry, Diana Ossana
BAFTA Awards
1. Best Direction, Ang Lee
2. Best Film, Diana Ossana, James Schamus
3. Best Supporting Actor, Jake Gyllenhaal
4. Best Adapted Screenplay, Larry McMurtry, Diana Ossana
78th Academy Awards: Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Adapted Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana), Best Original Score (Gustavo Santaolalla)
59th BAFTA Awards: Best Film (Diana Ossana and James Schamus), Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Adapted Screenplay (Larry McMurty and Diana Ossana)
Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2005: Best Picture (Diana Ossana and James Schamus), Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Supporting Actress – (Tie) (Michelle Williams), Best Original Song (Emmylou Harris, Gustavo Santaolalla, and Bernie Taupin, "A Love That Will Never Grow Old")
Directors Guild of America Awards: Director of the Year Award — Theatrical Motion Picture (Ang Lee)
European Film Awards: Best Director (Ang Lee)
GLAAD Media Awards: Outstanding Film — Wide Release (Ang Lee, Diana Ossana, and James Schamus)
63rd Golden Globe Awards Best Motion Picture — Drama (Diana Ossana and James Schamus), Best Director — Motion Picture (Ang Lee), Best Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana), Best Song (Gustavo Santaolalla and Bernie Taupin, "A Love That Will Never Grow Old")
Independent Spirit Awards: Best Picture (Diana Ossana and James Schamus), Best Director (Ang Lee)[85]
MTV Movie Awards: Best Performance (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Kiss (Heath Ledger & Jake Gyllenhaal)
Producer's Guild Awards: Producer of the Year Award — Theatrical Motion Picture (Diana Ossana and James Schamus)
Time Magazine: TIME 100: The People Who Shape Our World (2006) (Ang Lee)[86]
Venice International Film Festival: "Golden Lion" for Best Film (Ang Lee)
Writers Guild of America Awards: Best Adapted Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana)
National Gay Pride Association: Best Motion Picture (2006) (Diana Ossana and James Schamus)
Australian Film Institute: Best International Actor (Heath Ledger)
Nominated[edit]
78th Academy Awards: Best Picture (Focus Features: Diana Ossana and James Schamus), Best Actor in a Leading Role (Heath Ledger), Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Actress in a Supporting Role (Michelle Williams), Best Cinematography (Rodrigo Prieto)
59th BAFTA Awards: Best Actor (Heath Ledger), Best Supporting Actress (Michelle Williams), Best Cinematography (Rodrigo Prieto), Best Score (Gustavo Santaolalla), Best Editing (Geraldine Peroni and Dylan Tichenor)
Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2005: Best Actor (Heath Ledger), Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Writer (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana)
European Film Awards: Screen International Award (Ang Lee)
63rd Golden Globe Awards: Best Actor — Motion Picture Drama (Heath Ledger), Best Supporting Actress — Motion Picture (Michelle Williams), Best Original Score (Gustavo Santaolalla)
49th Grammy Awards: Best Compilation Soundtrack Album For Motion Picture, Television Or Other Visual Media (Gustavo Santaolalla, producer)
Independent Spirit Awards: Best Male Lead (Heath Ledger), Best Supporting Female (Michelle Williams)
Screen Actors Guild: Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role (Heath Ledger), Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role (Jake Gyllenhaal), Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role (Michelle Williams), Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture (Heath Ledger, Jake Gyllenhaal, Michelle Williams, Anne Hathaway, Randy Quaid, Linda Cardellini, Anna Faris)
Home media[edit]
This film is the first to be released the same day as both a DVD and a download available via the Internet.[87]
It was released in the United States on April 4, 2006. The film moved more than 1.4 million copies on its first day of release and was the second biggest seller of the week behind Disney's The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. Though the ranking fluctuated daily, by late March and early April 2006, Brokeback Mountain had been the top-selling DVD on Amazon.com several days running.[88] The Region 2 (Europe) DVD was released on April 24, 2006, though at first only in the UK. Other release dates are much later: France on July 19, 2006, and Poland in September, a considerable time after the theater release in both countries. The Region 4 (Australia/New Zealand/South America) DVD was released on July 19, 2006.[89] Brokeback Mountain was re-released in a collector's edition on January 23, 2007. On that same day, Brokeback Mountain was also released as a Combo Format HD DVD/DVD.[90] Brokeback Mountain was released on Blu-ray Disc on September 30, 2007, but only in the UK.[91] Brokeback Mountain was released on Blu-ray Disc in the United States on March 10, 2009.[92]
See also[edit]

Portal icon Film in the United States portal
Portal icon LGBT portal
Portal icon 2000s portal
Brokeback Mountain (opera) composed by Charles Wuorinen with a libretto by Annie Proulx
Brokeback Mountain (short story), description of original/amended Proulx story.
Brokeback Mountain: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, description of related soundtrack recordings.
Queer Cinema
Mixed-orientation marriage, sometimes referred to as a 'brokeback' marriage.
List of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender-related films by storyline
References[edit]
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22.Jump up ^ "Hotline: Bidder ponies up for 'Brokeback' shirts". Boston Herald. February 23, 2006. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
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24.Jump up ^ Ng, David (December 15, 2009). "'Out West' at the Autry examines the history of homosexuals and transgender people in the Old West". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 17, 2011.
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26.Jump up ^ "The Cowboy Way". Posterwire.com. November 21, 2005.
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30.Jump up ^ Ehrenstein, David (February 1, 2006). "'Brokeback's' tasteful appeal". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 27, 2006.[dead link] (Link dead as of February 4, 2007)
31.Jump up ^ Lundegaard, Erik. "Love makes 'Brokeback' Oscar favorite". MSNBC. Retrieved May 27, 2006.
32.Jump up ^ Harris, Dan. "Christian conservatives serve up 'Brokeback' backlash". ABC News. Retrieved May 27, 2006.
33.Jump up ^ Koresky, Michael. "Don't fence me in: Ang Lee's 'Brokeback Mountain'". IndieWire. Archived from the original on April 23, 2006. Retrieved May 27, 2006.
34.Jump up ^ "Jake and Heath: Their love will go on". Defamer.com. Retrieved May 27, 2006.
35.Jump up ^ Blank, Ed (January 12, 2006). "Brokeback Mountain". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
36.Jump up ^ Williams, Ken (May 31, 2006). "Brokeback Mountain". The Daily Page. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
37.Jump up ^ Cheshire, Godfrey (January 4, 2006). "Somewhere over the rainbow". The Independent Weekly. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
38.^ Jump up to: a b c Lee, Ryan (January 13, 2006). "Probing the 'Brokeback Syndrome'". Southern Voice. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
39.Jump up ^ Andre, Amy. "Opinion: Bisexual Cowboys in Love". National Sexuality Resource Center. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
40.Jump up ^ Patton, Clarence; Murray, Christopher (December 22, 2005). "Brokeback on the Down Low". Gay City News Vol. 4, No. 51. Retrieved July 24, 2007.[dead link]
41.Jump up ^ Ciorciari, Tom (April 2, 2006). "Brokeback Mountain". Filmcritic.com. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
42.Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (December 16, 2005). "Brokeback Mountain review". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on July 8, 2010. Retrieved July 8, 2010.
43.Jump up ^ Testa, Matthew (December 7, 2005). "Exclusive PJH Interview: At close range with Annie Proulx". Planet Jackson Hole. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
44.Jump up ^ Testa, Matthew (December 29, 2005). "Close Range". Salt Lake City Weekly. Archived from the original on June 29, 2006. Retrieved March 16, 2006.
45.Jump up ^ "Bisexual Rumors Flatter Gyllenhaal". W.E.N.N. Movie/TV News. November 22, 2005. Retrieved August 23, 2007.
46.Jump up ^ Davis, Luke. "Heath Ledger, 1979–2008". Morry Schwartz. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
47.Jump up ^ Palabiyik, Engin. "Top films in critics' top 10 lists: 2005". Archived from the original on March 21, 2007. Retrieved July 8, 2010.
48.Jump up ^ Geier, Thom; Jensen, Jeff; Jordan, Tina; Lyons, Margaret; Markovitz, Adam; Nashawaty, Chris; Pastorek, Whitney; Rice, Lynette; Rottenberg, Josh; Schwartz, Missy; Slezak, Michael; Snierson, Dan; Stack, Tim; Stroup, Kate; Tucker, Ken; Vary, Adam B.; Vozick-Levinson, Simon; Ward, Kate (December 11, 2009). "The 100 Greatest Movies, TV Shows, Albums, Books, Characters, Scenes, Episodes, Songs, Dresses, Music Videos, and Trends that Entertained Us Over the Past 10 Years". Entertainment Weekly. (1079/1080): 74–84.
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50.Jump up ^ "The Ultimate Brokeback Guide". DaveCullen.com. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
51.Jump up ^ "Brokeback fans raise $18K for Variety AD". The Advocate. March 10, 2006. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
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54.Jump up ^ World Entertainment News Network (January 27, 2006). "Brokeback Mountain banned in China". WTOP News. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
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58.Jump up ^ "'Brokeback Mountain' Gets 4 Golden Globes, but will it make it to Lebanon?". Helem. January 17, 2006. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
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61.Jump up ^ "L'Arcigay: "La Rai ha censurato il film Brokeback Mountain"". Corriere della Sera. Italy. December 9, 2008. Retrieved November 24, 2009.
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63.Jump up ^ Gray, Brandon (January 9, 2006). "Utah Theater Snub Can't Bridle 'Brokeback Mountain'". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
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72.Jump up ^ Limbaugh, Rush (2006). "Feminization Has Taken Democratic Party Backward". Retrieved July 11, 2006.
73.Jump up ^ Imus, Don (2007). "Imus Backtracks from Slur—Kind of". Retrieved April 11, 2007.
74.Jump up ^ Cullen, Dave (January 17, 2006). "When does that hidden kiss become the shameful kiss?". Retrieved July 24, 2007.
75.Jump up ^ Mendelsohn, Daniel (February 23, 2006). "An Affair to Remember". The New York Review of Books. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
76.Jump up ^ Gorman, Steven (2006). "Randy Quaid sues studio over 'Brokeback Mountain'". Reuters. Retrieved May 5, 2006.
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79.Jump up ^ Jensen, Michael (March 7, 2006). "The Brokeback Mountain Oscar Snub". AfterElton.com. Retrieved March 17, 2011.
80.Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (March 6, 2006). "The fury of the 'Crash'-lash". Chicago Sun-Times.
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Further reading[edit]
Proulx, Annie (1997, 1999, 2006). Close Range: Wyoming Stories.
Proulx, Annie; McMurtry, Larry; Ossana, Diana (2005, 2006). Brokeback Mountain: Story to Screenplay. London, New York, Toronto and Sydney: Harper Perennial. ISBN 978-0-00-723430-1.
Packard, Chris (2006) Queer Cowboys: And Other Erotic Male Friendships in Nineteenth-Century American Literature. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1-4039-7597-3.
Cante, Richard C. (March 2008). "Introduction"; "Chapter 3". Gay Men and the Forms of Contemporary US Culture. London: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 0-7546-7230-1.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Brokeback Mountain
Official website
Brokeback Mountain at allmovie
Brokeback Mountain at Metacritic
Brokeback Mountain at Box Office Mojo
Brokeback Mountain at Rotten Tomatoes
Brokeback Mountain at the Internet Movie Database


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List of accolades received by Brokeback Mountain
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The film Brokeback Mountain received many awards, including three Academy Awards for Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Score as well as four Golden Globe awards for Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director, Best Song, and Best Screenplay and four BAFTA Awards for Best Film, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal). The film also received four Screen Actors Guild nominations for Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress and Best Ensemble, more than any other movie released in 2005.


Contents  [hide]
1 Accolades 1.1 Organizations
1.2 Guilds
1.3 Film festivals
1.4 Other accolades 1.4.1 Won
1.4.2 Nominations

2 Post-Academy Awards reaction
3 See also
4 References

Accolades[edit]
Organizations[edit]

Organization
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
Academy Awards Best Actor in a Leading Role Heath Ledger Nominated
Best Actor in a Supporting Role Jake Gyllenhaal Nominated
Best Actress in a Supporting Role Michelle Williams Nominated
Best Cinematography Rodrigo Prieto Nominated
Best Director Ang Lee Won
Best Picture Diana Ossana and James Schamus Nominated
Best Original Score Gustavo Santaolalla Won
Best Adapted Screenplay Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana Won
BAFTA Awards Best Actor in a Leading Role Role Heath Ledger Nominated
Best Actor in a Supporting Role Jake Gyllenhaal Won
Best Actress in a Supporting Role Michelle Williams Nominated
Best Cinematography Rodrigo Prieto Nominated
Best Director Ang Lee Won
Best Editing Geraldine Peroni and Dylan Tichenor Nominated
Best Film Won
Best Film Music Gustavo Santaolalla Nominated
Best Screenplay – Adapted Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana Won
GLAAD Media Awards Outstanding Film – Wide Release Won
Golden Globe Awards Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama Heath Ledger Nominated
Best Supporting Actress Michelle Williams Nominated
Best Director Ang Lee Won
Best Motion Picture – Drama Won
Best Original Score Gustavo Santaolalla Nominated
Best Original Song Gustavo Santaolalla and Bernie Taupin
Song: "A Love That Will Never Grow Old" Won
Best Screenplay Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana Won
Grammy Awards Best Compilation Soundtrack Album – Film, Television or Other Visual Media Various artists, including Gustavo Santaolalla Nominated
Independent Spirit Awards Best Male Lead Heath Ledger Nominated
Best Female Lead Michelle Williams Nominated
Best Director Ang Lee Won
Best Feature Diana Ossana and James Schamus Won
Satellite Awards Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama Heath Ledger Nominated
Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Jake Gyllenhaal Nominated
Best Director Ang Lee Won
Best Editing Geraldine Peroni and Dylan Tichenor Won
Best Film – Drama Won
Best Original Score Gustavo Santaolalla Nominated
Best Original Song Gustavo Santaolalla and Bernie Taupin
Song: "A Love That Will Never Grow Old" Won
Best Screenplay – Adapted Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana Nominated
Guilds[edit]

Guild
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
American Cinema Editors Best Editing – Drama Film Geraldine Peroni and Dylan Tichenor Nominated
American Society of Cinematographers Outstanding Cinematography – Theatrical Releases Rodrigo Prieto Nominated
Casting Society of America Best Casting – Drama Film Avy Kaufman Won
Directors Guild of America Outstanding Directing – Feature Film Ang Lee Won
Producers Guild of America Motion Picture Producer of the Year Diana Ossana and James Schamus Won
Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role Heath Ledger Nominated
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Jake Gyllenhaal Nominated
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role Michelle Williams Nominated
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Nominated
Writers Guild of America Best Screenplay – Adapted Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana Won
Film festivals[edit]

Festival
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
Santa Barbara Film Festival Outstanding Performance of the Year Heath Ledger Won
Venice Film Festival Best Film: Golden Lion Ang Lee Won
Other accolades[edit]
Won[edit]
Aurora Film Awards 2005: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana), Best Song
Austin Film Critics Association: Best Adapted Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana)
Boston Society of Film Critics: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee)
Box Office Mojo: The Ten Most Impressive Box Office Performances of 2005
Central Ohio Film Critics Association: Top 10 Films, Best Lead Performance (Heath Ledger), Best Screenplay
Chicago Film Critics Association: Best Cinematography (Rodrigo Prieto), Best Score (Gustavo Santaolalla)
Chlotrudis Society for Independent Film: Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Adapted Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana)
(International) Cinephile Society: Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Adapted Screenplay, BFCA Film of the Month - December 2005
Critics' Choice Award: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Supporting Actress (Michelle Williams)
Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association: Top 10 Films, Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana), Best Cinematography (Roberto Prieto)
European Film Awards: Best Director (Ang Lee)
Florida Film Critics Circle: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana), Cinematography (Roberto Prieto)
GLAAD Media Awards: Outstanding Film – Wide Release
Independent Spirit Awards: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee)
Internet Movie Awards: Favorite Picture, Favorite Actor in a Leading Role (Heath Ledger), Favorite Actor in a Supporting Role (Jake Gyllenhaal), Favorite Actress in a Supporting Role (Michelle Williams), Favorite Director (Ang Lee), Favorite Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana), Favorite Soundtrack or Music Score (Gustavo Santaolalla), Favorite Song ("A Love That Will Never Grow Old"), Breakthrough Performance (Michelle Williams)
Iowa Film Critics: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee)
Las Vegas Film Critics Society: Best Picture, Best Actor (Heath Ledger), Best Director (Ang Lee)
London Film Critics Circle: Best Film, Best Director of the Year
Los Angeles Film Critics Association: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee)
MTV Movie Awards: Best Performance (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Kiss (Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal)
National Board of Review: Top 10 Films, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal)
National Public Radio: Bob Mondello's Top Films for 2005
New York Film Critics Circle: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Actor (Heath Ledger)
Online Film Critics Society: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Adapted Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana), Best Score (Gustavo Santaolalla), Best Ensemble, Best Cinematography, Best Song, Best Cinematic Moment (Finding the Shirt), Best Website
Phoenix Film Critics Society: Top Ten Films, Best Performance by an Actor in a Lead Role (Heath Ledger), Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role (Michelle Williams), Best Screenplay Adapted from Another Medium, Best Cinematography
San Francisco Film Critics: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Actor (Heath Ledger)
British Film Institute: Best Film
Southeastern Film Critics Association: Top 10 Films, Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Adapted Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana)
St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association: Best Picture, Best Actor (Heath Ledger), Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Screenplay (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana)
Utah Film Critics: Best Film, Best Director (Ang Lee)
Vancouver Film Critics: Best Picture, Best Director (Ange Lee)
World Soundtrack Awards: Public Choice Award (Gustavo Santaolalla)
Nominations[edit]
Amanda Awards (Norway): Best Foreign Feature Film
Broadcast Film Critics Association: Best Actor (Heath Ledger), Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Writer (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana), Best Song (Emmylou Harris, "A Love That Will Never Grow Old"), Best Composer (Gustavo Santaolalla)
Central Ohio Film Critics Association: (1st Runner-Up) Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Ensemble Cast, Best Formal Design
Chicago Film Critics Association: Best Picture, Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Actor (Heath Ledger), Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Supporting Actress (Michelle Williams)
Chlotrudis Awards: Best Actor (Heath Ledger)
Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association: (1st Runner-Up) Best Actor (Heath Ledger), (2nd Runner-Up) Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal), (1st Runner-Up) Best Supporting Actress (Michelle Williams)
David di Donatello Awards (Italy): Best Foreign Film
European Film Awards: Screen International Award (Ang Lee)
Gotham Awards: Best Picture, Best Ensemble Cast
Independent Spirit Awards: Best Male Lead (Heath Ledger), Best Female Lead (Michelle Williams)
Los Angeles Film Critics Association: (1st Runner-Up) Best Actor (Heath Ledger)
National Board of Review: (1st Runner-Up) Best Picture, Best Actor (Heath Ledger)
National Society of Film Critics: (2nd Runner-Up) Best Actor (Heath Ledger)
Online Film Critics Society: Best Picture, Best Actor (Heath Ledger), Best Supporting Actor (Jake Gyllenhaal), Best Supporting Actress (Michelle Williams), Best Director (Ang Lee)
Southeastern Film Critics Association: (1st Runner-Up) Best Actor (Heath Ledger), (1st Runner-Up) Best Supporting Actress (Michelle Williams)
USC Scripter Award: Best Realization of a Book Adapted to Film (Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana (Screenwriters), E. Annie Proulx (Author))
World Soundtrack Awards: Best Original Soundtrack of the Year (Gustavo Santaolalla), Best Original Song Written for Film ("A Love That Will Never Grow Old")
Post-Academy Awards reaction[edit]
Some critics accused the Academy of homophobia for failing to award the Oscar for Best Picture to Brokeback Mountain and instead giving it to a rival nominee, Crash:
Kenneth Turan, Los Angeles Times: "In the privacy of the voting booth, as many political candidates who've led in polls only to lose elections have found out, people are free to act out the unspoken fears and unconscious prejudices that they would never breathe to another soul, or, likely, acknowledge to themselves. And at least this year, that acting out doomed Brokeback Mountain." [1]
Nikki Finke, Los Angeles Weekly: "I knew there was a chance that, even without seeing the movie, Oscar voters could feel guilt-tripped or succumb to a herd mentality to vote for the "gay-cowboy" movie and strike a blow against Republican wedge politics and extremist religious hatemongering. But they didn't, and Brokeback lost for all the Right's reasons."[2]
Peter Howell, Toronto Star: "Sunday's selection of Crash over Brokeback Mountain for Best Picture was the first time in memory that fear seemed to be the guiding impulse for awarding Oscar's top prize. Faced with the choice between a feel-good movie about the evils of racism and a troublesome film that challenged prejudices about homosexual love, Academy voters grabbed their security blankets and started sucking on their thumbs."[3]
Author Annie Proulx has also blamed right-wing influences for the film's failure to win Best Picture:
"The people connected with Brokeback Mountain, including me, hoped that, having been nominated for eight Academy Awards, it would get Best Picture as it had at the funny, lively Independent Spirit Awards. We should have known conservative heffalump Academy voters would have rather different ideas of what was stirring contemporary culture. Roughly 6,000 film industry voters, most in the Los Angeles area, many living cloistered lives behind wrought-iron gates or in deluxe rest-homes, out of touch not only with the shifting larger culture and the yeasty ferment that is America these days, but also out of touch with their own segregated city, decide which films are good. And rumour has it that Lions Gate inundated the Academy voters with DVD copies of Trash - excuse me - "Crash" a few weeks before the ballot deadline. Next year we can look to the awards for controversial themes on the punishment of adulterers with a branding iron in the shape of the letter A, runaway slaves, and the debate over free silver."
The writer has also pondered whether Philip Seymour Hoffman's performance, though "brilliant", involved the easier acting skill of "mimicry" (by implication, unlike Heath Ledger's Oscar-nominated Brokeback Mountain performance, in which he invented the clenched-jaw and mannerisms of "Ennis Del Mar").[4]
Supporting the charge of homophobia were media reports that some members of the Academy were so opposed to the subject matter of the film that they refused to even view Brokeback Mountain before voting.[5]
Other critics, however, pointed out that the charge of homophobia is an easy one to make, and that it was equally as likely that the Academy simply thought Crash to be a better film.[6]
The Ultimate Brokeback Forum, a web forum of several thousand members, self-financed and designed a grass roots, full page ad in the May 10, 2006 issue of Daily Variety, thanking the creators of Brokeback Mountain, listing all of the significant Best Picture Awards the film received. This particular issue of Daily Variety was covered by such news organizations as The New York Times, Newsweek, and the UK newspaper The Daily Telegraph.
See also[edit]
Brokeback Mountain soundtrack: description of related soundtrack recordings.
"Brokeback Mountain" short story: description of original/amended Proulx story.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Los Angeles Times". LATimes.com. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
2.Jump up ^ "Lost Angeles Weekly". DeadlineHollywoodDaily.com. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
3.Jump up ^ "Toronto Star". TheStar.com. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
4.Jump up ^ "The Guardian". Guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
5.Jump up ^ Pond, Steve. "AMPAS policy: If you skipped "Brokeback," you shouldn't have voted". Retrieved 2005-05-11.[dead link]
6.Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (2006-03-06). "The fury of the 'Crash'-lash". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2010-06-07.


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Brokeback Mountain


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 Critical reception ·
 Annie Proulx
 

Characters
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 Jack Twist
 

Songs
"A Love That Will Never Grow Old"
 

 


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Brokeback Mountain





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Brokeback Mountain: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
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Brokeback Mountain: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

Soundtrack album by Gustavo Santaolalla

Released
November 1, 2005
Recorded
2005
Genre
Country folk, country, soundtrack
Length
43:21
Label
Verve
Producer
Gustavo Santaolalla
Gustavo Santaolalla chronology

The Motorcycle Diaries
 (2004) Brokeback Mountain
 (2005) North Country
 (2005)


Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating
Allmusic 3.5/5 stars[1]
The Brokeback Mountain soundtrack refers to either or both the two-hour musical soundtrack edited into the 2005 film Brokeback Mountain, and the recorded albums of music selected from the film. Some albums have different performers substituted for those heard in the film. The entire chronological list of compositions in the two-hour soundtrack is annotated with notes about the film scenes (see below: Complete Soundtrack listing).


Contents  [hide]
1 Musical album recordings
2 Track listing of Verve CD
3 Track listing for "The Wings" CD single
4 Complete soundtrack listing
5 See also
6 References

Musical album recordings[edit]
Brokeback Mountain is the original soundtrack album as an audio CD, on the Verve Forecast label, of the 2005 film Brokeback Mountain starring Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal. The original score and songs were composed and produced by Gustavo Santaolalla. The album has shipped 300,000 units worldwide and 100,000 of them have been sold in the United States.[2]
The album was nominated for two Golden Globe Awards: Best Original Score and Best Original Song ("A Love That Will Never Grow Old"), winning the latter. It won the Academy Award for Original Music Score and was nominated for a Grammy Award as Best Compilation Soundtrack Album For Motion Picture, Television Or Other Visual Media.
Brokeback Mountain is the name of another soundtrack album, on the Wonderful Music label, of the 2005 film Brokeback Mountain, with the original compositions performed, instead, by the Global Stage Orchestra. The release date of this album was June 6, 2006, and it has the same track listing as the Verve CD.
Track listing of Verve CD[edit]
1."Opening" by Gustavo Santaolalla – 1:31
2."He Was a Friend of Mine" by Willie Nelson – 4:42
3."Brokeback Mountain I" by Gustavo Santaolalla – 2:32
4."A Love That Will Never Grow Old" by Emmylou Harris – 3:20
5."King of the Road" by Teddy Thompson & Rufus Wainwright – 2:53
6."Snow" by Gustavo Santaolalla – 1:18
7."The Devil's Right Hand" by Steve Earle – 2:34
8."No One's Gonna Love You Like Me" by Mary McBride – 3:06
9."Brokeback Mountain II" by Gustavo Santaolalla – 1:59
10."I Don't Want to Say Goodbye" by Teddy Thompson – 3:12
11."I Will Never Let You Go" by Jackie Greene – 1:55
12."Riding Horses" by Gustavo Santaolalla – 1:24
13."An Angel Went Up in Flames" by The Gas Band – 2:36
14."It's So Easy" by Linda Ronstadt – 2:27
15."Brokeback Mountain III" by Gustavo Santaolalla – 2:14
16."The Maker Makes" by Rufus Wainwright – 3:50
17."The Wings" by Gustavo Santaolalla – 1:52
Since the release of the soundtrack album by Verve Records, three remixes of the Gustavo Santaolalla track "The Wings" have been created and released by Verve on a CD single.
Track listing for "The Wings" CD single[edit]
1."The Wings" (Gabriel & Dresden's Organized Nature Remix)
2."The Wings" (Manny Lehman, Tony Moran & Warren Rigg Collaboration Remix)
3."The Wings" (Manny Lehman Remix)
Complete soundtrack listing[edit]
The film used a combination of original compositions and previously recorded material for background and incidental music. Much of the music used in the film does not appear on the Verve Records soundtrack CD (see above), and some of that which is on the CD is presented out of order. Here is a list of the music and music references on the film soundtrack in order of appearance in film:
1."Universal Pictures fanfare" – On-screen Universal Pictures title card
2."Focus Features fanfare" – On-screen Focus Features title card
3."River Road Entertainment fanfare" – On-screen River Road Entertainment title card
4."Opening" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Start of film; Ennis arrives in Signal, Wyoming
5."Brokeback Mountain #1" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Jack & Ennis embark on shepherding trip
6."Camp" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Jack and Ennis herd sheep and establish campsite #1 on Brokeback Mountain
7.(same as No. 36) "Riding Horses" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Jack rides away from camp, naps with sheep; Ennis carves wooden horse while it rains; "no more beans"; Ennis washes blue coffee pot in stream.
8."The Cowboy's Lament" (also known as "The Streets of Laredo"; public domain) – Hummed by Ennis on horseback just before his encounter with the bear on the trail
9."Carrying Sheep" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Montage: Jack asleep by log, setting up campsite #2, "tent don't look right" comment
10."Harmonica #1" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Jack plays a riff of "He was a Friend of Mine" (No. 53 of this list)
11."Water Walkin' Jesus" – Jack and Ennis talk religion around campfire
12."Getting Drunk" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis, drunk, tosses whiskey bottle, then falls asleep outdoors next to campfire
13."Horse Love" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis rides off from camp; finds dead sheep; joins Jack overlooking meadow; passionate scene in tent that night at camp; Joe Aguirre spies on Jack and Ennis with binoculars
14."Harmonica #2" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Jack plays a riff of "He was a Friend of Mine" (No. 53 of this list) on horseback after having separated the mixed-up sheep herds
15."Crying in Alley" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis breaks down, sobbing and sick to his stomach, in an alley in Signal, Wyoming
16."Snow" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis and Alma ride toboggan; Ennis and Timmy spread asphalt; Alma & Ennis watch movie at drive-in theater
17."Jukebox" by Ken Strange, Randall Pugh, Ron Guffnett – Playing on Jack's pickup truck radio as he arrives in Signal in 1964
18."Trust in Lies" by The Raven Shadows featuring Tim Ferguson – Jack tries to buy Jimbo a beer
19."The Battle Hymn of the Republic (John Brown's Body)" Traditional – Amateur band performs prior to the 4th of July fireworks show
20."I Will Never Let You Go" by Jackie Greene – Jack meets Lureen at the Rodeo Dance (Instrumental version in the film is credited as: "I Won't Let You Go" by Santaolalla)
21."No One's Gonna Love You Like Me" by Mary McBride/Santaolalla – Jack and Lureen dance at the Rodeo Dance
22."All Night Blues" by The Raven Shadows – Song quietly playing on Lureen's car radio
23.Music box tune – in the nursery
24."Post Office" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis mails Jack the "You bet" postcard
25."Kiss" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis and Jack reunited in Riverton
26."Brokeback Mountain #2" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Alma cries as Ennis and Jack leave; they arrive and jump naked from cliff into lake; "You know it could be like this, just like this always" campfire scene
27."Flashback" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis describes Rich and Earl
28."The Wings" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Alma & Ennis fight in front of their girls (playing on swings)
29."Tractors" (version of "The Wings") by Gustavo Santaolalla – Jack shows off a new combine; Alma reads Jack's postcard; Jack hunts for the blue parka (at 1:13:55)
30."You Are Late" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis arrives with horses in truck, Jack says "You're late." Horse riding scenes; Jack and a young Bobby ride "no hands" in a giant tractor; Ennis feeds hay.
31."King of the Road" by Roger Miller – Jack sings with radio while driving to visit Ennis (Note: Roger Miller's version is heard in the film; soundtrack album's version is performed by Teddy Thompson and Rufus Wainwright)
32."A Love That Will Never Grow Old" by Emmylou Harris – Jack leaves Ennis and drives south on highway towards the Mexican border
33."Quizas, Quizas, Quizas" by Rick Garcia – Jack picks up a hustler in Juarez, Mexico
34."Capriccio Espagnol Op. 34" by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, performed by Philharmonia Slavonica – Music for the figure skaters on TV during Thanksgiving at Alma and Monroe's
35."Mason Dixon Line" by Jeff Wilson – playing in the bar during the fight in the street
36."Riding Horses" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Jack and Ennis ride horses; camp by the river; Ennis washes blue coffee pot in stream.
37."For What It's Worth" by Stephen Stills/Buffalo Springfield – Line spoken by Jack referencing title, but actual song is not heard in film
38."The Devil's Right Hand" by Steve Earle – Ennis meets Cassie Cartwright at Riverton bar
39."It's So Easy" by Buddy Holly, performed by Linda Ronstadt – Ennis and Cassie at Riverton bar
40."An Angel Went Up in Flames" by The Gas Band – Dancing at the Childress Benefit Dance
41."I Don't Want to Say Goodbye" by Teddy Thompson – Jack dances with Lashawn at the Benefit Dance
42."D-I-V-O-R-C-E" by Tammy Wynette – Ennis, Cassie and Alma Jr. at the Riverton bar
43."Melissa" by The Allman Brothers – Ennis, Cassie and Alma Jr. at the Riverton bar
44."I'll Be Gone" by T. Gadsden/F. Peterson – Song heard softly on Ennis's truck radio as he drops Alma Junior back home and drives off
45."Brokeback Mountain #3" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis and Jack's final trip; argument at lake; flashback scene of happier days back in 1963
46."Bigger Than My Body" by John Mayer- Jack in flashback scene
47."I'm Always on a Mountain When I Fall" by Merle Haggard – Cassie confronts Ennis at bus station
48."Jack Deceased" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis collects mail and discovers "Deceased" message stamped on his returned postcard
49."The Dying Hobo/Big Rock Candy Mountain" (two forms of the same folk song) – Referenced by key lyrics used as dialogue, but actual song is not heard in film: line spoken by Lureen, "Where bluebirds sing and there's a whisky spring" related to song chorus lyrics "At the lemonade springs, Where the bluebird sings, On the big rock candy mountain" (1906 lyrics).[3]
50."Closet" by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis discovers the two shirts in Jack's closet; leaves the Twist home; truck drives on highway.
51."Eyes of Green" by Jeff Wilson – Song heard on Alma Jr.'s car radio when she arrives at Ennis's trailer
52."Ending" (version of "The Wings") by Gustavo Santaolalla – Ennis at the closet (at 2:06:56)
53."He Was a Friend of Mine" by Willie Nelson – Roll of end credits
54."The Maker Makes" by Rufus Wainwright – Later in roll of end credits.
See also[edit]
Cowboys Are Frequently, Secretly Fond of Each Other
"Brokeback Mountain" short story: description of original/amended Proulx story
Brokeback Mountain awards: description of related film awards
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Jurek, Thom. "Brokeback Mountain [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
2.Jump up ^ "Universal Music". New.umusic.com. Retrieved 2012-02-08.
3.Jump up ^ "The Big Rock Candy Mountain" (notes/lyrics), Grahamqckr, 2001, webpage: AF-famoustramp.

Awards
Preceded by
Finding Neverland Academy Award for Best Original Score
 2005 Succeeded by
Babel


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Brokeback Mountain


Short story ·
 Soundtrack ·
 Critical reception ·
 Annie Proulx
 

Characters
Ennis Del Mar ·
 Jack Twist
 

Songs
"A Love That Will Never Grow Old"
 

 


Categories: Brokeback Mountain
Film soundtracks
2005 soundtracks
Verve Forecast Records albums




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Ennis Del Mar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search


Ennis Del Mar
Brokebackmountainheathledger.jpg
Ennis Del Mar as portrayed by Heath Ledger in the 2005 film adaptation of the short story.

First appearance
"Brokeback Mountain"
Created by
Annie Proulx
Portrayed by
Heath Ledger
Information

Gender
Male
Occupation
Sheep herder, ranch hand
Spouse(s)
Alma Beers
Children
Alma Jr.
 Jenny
Ennis del Mar (Del Mar in the film) is the fictional main character of the short story "Brokeback Mountain" by Annie Proulx and the 2005 Academy Award-winning film adaptation of the same name directed by Ang Lee. Ennis's story is depicted by his complex sexual and romantic relationship with Jack Twist in the American West, over two decades from 1963 to 1983. In the film, he is portrayed by Heath Ledger, who was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance.
"Ennis del Mar" literally translates as "Island of the Sea". Ennis is a corruption of the Irish inis for island and del mar is Spanish for "of the sea".


Contents  [hide]
1 Characterization 1.1 Sexual orientation
2 Fictional character history
3 References

Characterization[edit]
In an interview about her work, and "Brokeback Mountain" in particular, Proulx stated Ennis Del Mar was a "confused Wyoming ranch [kid]" who finds himself in a personal sexual situation he did not foresee, nor can understand. She said both men were "beguiled by the cowboy myth," and "Ennis tries to be one but never gets beyond ranch hand work."[1][2] Ennis is also the more closed-down party of his and Jack's relationship, being more reluctant to show affection towards Jack. When Jack brings up suggestions about them living together, or even just Ennis moving to Texas, which is his home state, Ennis always declines, sometimes in a very harsh way.
Sexual orientation[edit]
One mystery surrounding Ennis Del Mar (as well as Jack Twist) is his sexual orientation, if any specific one at all. He has sexual and emotional relationships, of varying and fluctuating degrees, with Jack, his wife Alma, and his girlfriend Cassie.
Some film critics identified Ennis as bisexual rather than strictly homosexual. Sex researcher Fritz Klein stated he felt Ennis to be "a bit more toward the straight side of being bisexual."[3] Ledger himself was quoted as stating in Time: "I don't think Ennis could be labeled as gay. Without Jack Twist, I don't know that he ever would have come out... I think the whole point was that it was two souls that fell in love with each other." The film's producer, James Schamus, and LGBT-related non-fiction author Eric Marcus, opined that the characters were both gay.[4]
Novelist Brent Hartinger analysed some of the discussion about the sexual orientations of the characters, writing for AfterElton.com. Hartinger personally "felt it inconceivable" that the characters could be considered bisexual and not gay because the film consistently showed their dissatisfaction with their heterosexual partners and deep emotional and physical fulfilment with one another. What's more, Del Mar insisted on anal sex with his wife, and Twist sought out other males for sex outside of his marriage when Del Mar wasn't available. Hartinger puts down efforts to describe the characters as bisexual to a mixture of bisexuals who misunderstand "what it means to be gay" and some who rightfully feel starved of media representations of bisexuality. For Hartinger, the actors' opinions of "straight guys who just happened to fall in love" seems to come more from Gyllenhaal and Ledger's acting method rather than an assessment of the text. Hartinger ended the discussion with a quotation from Annie Proulx, on the subject of her short story, to illuminate the ways in which different people interpret the sexualities of the main characters:

“How different readers take the story is a reflection of their own personal values, attitudes, hang-ups... It is my feeling that a story is not finished until it is read, and that the reader finishes it through his or her life experience, prejudices, world view and thoughts.”[5]
Fictional character history[edit]
While on a 1963 shepherding job on Brokeback Mountain in Wyoming, Ennis meets and falls in love with rodeo cowboy Jack Twist.
While the two 19-year-old men work on Brokeback Mountain, Ennis is stationed at the base camp while Jack watches the sheep higher on the mountain. They meet only for meals at the base camp, gradually becoming friends. Eventually they switch roles, with Jack taking over duties at base camp and Ennis tending the flock. One night, after the two share a bottle of whiskey, Ennis decides to remain at the base camp overnight instead of returning to the sheep. The weather becomes bitterly cold that night, but Ennis is reluctant to sleep in the same tent as Jack, who insists he join him. That night the men share a brief, intense sexual encounter. During the summer their sexual and emotional relationship deepens.
After the job is finished the two part ways. Ennis marries his fiancée Alma Beers in November 1963 and starts a family, having two daughters, Alma Jr. and Jenny. Four years later, Ennis receives a postcard from Jack asking if he wants to meet. The men reunite and their passion rekindles. Jack broaches the subject of creating a life together. Unwilling to leave his family and haunted by a childhood memory of the murder of a suspected homosexual couple in his hometown, Ennis fears that such an arrangement can only end in tragedy. Unable to be open about their relationship, Ennis and Jack settle for infrequent meetings on camping trips.
Over time Ennis' marriage deteriorates. Alma knows about his relationship with Jack, having seen the two men kissing upon their reunion. In 1975 Alma divorces Ennis, taking custody of their two daughters and marrying her former employer. Jack hopes Ennis' divorce will allow them to live together, but Ennis refuses to move away from his children and remains uncomfortable with the idea of living with a man. Ennis dates waitress Cassie Cartwright. The relationship fails when Ennis stops communicating with her. On a 1983 trip with Jack, Ennis insists that to keep his job, he cannot meet with Jack again before November. Ennis and Jack's frustrations finally erupt into an argument, the struggle becoming a desperate embrace. The two men part upset.
Months later, a postcard Ennis sent to Jack is returned to the post office, stamped "deceased". During a phonecall, Jack's wife Lureen tells Ennis that Jack died in a freak accident while changing a tire. While she explains what happened, Ennis imagines Jack being beaten to death by a group of men wielding tire-irons. Lureen tells Ennis that Jack wished to have his ashes scattered on Brokeback Mountain. She suggests that Ennis contact Jack's parents.
Ennis visits Jack's parents and offers to take Jack's ashes to Brokeback Mountain. Jack's father insists that Jack's remains be buried in the family plot. He also tells Ennis that Jack wanted to bring another man back to his parents' ranch so they could revitalize the ranch. Jack's mother allows Ennis to see Jack's boyhood bedroom. While in the room, Ennis discovers two old shirts hidden in the back of the closet. The shirts, hung one inside the other on the same hanger, are the ones the two men were wearing on their last day on Brokeback Mountain in 1963. Ennis takes the now rolled-up shirts with him; Jack's mother silently offers him a paper sack to put them in.
Alma Jr. visits Ennis at his home, a trailer by the highway. She is preparing to marry and asks for her father's blessing. Though initially reluctant to attend the wedding, Ennis agrees. Ennis asks if her fiance loves her, and she affirms that he does.
After Alma Jr. leaves, Ennis opens his own closet to reveal that he has hung the shirts inside the door beneath a postcard of Brokeback Mountain. With tears in his eyes, Ennis mutters, "Jack, I swear..."
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Testa, Matthew (December 7, 2005). "Exclusive PJH Interview: At close range with Annie Proulx". Planet Jackson Hole. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
2.Jump up ^ Testa, Matthew (December 29, 2005). "Close Range". Salt Lake City Weekly. Archived from the original on 2007-06-03. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
3.Jump up ^ Andre, Amy. "Opinion: Bisexual Cowboys in Love". National Sexuality Resource Center (NSCR). Retrieved 2006-11-22.
4.Jump up ^ Lee, Ryan (January 13, 2006). "Probing the ‘Brokeback Syndrome’". Southern Voice. Retrieved 2007-07-29.
5.Jump up ^ Hartinger, Brent (December 13, 2010). "Ask the Flying Monkey: Why Doesn’t the Fem Guy Ever Chase the Butch One?". AfterElton.com. Retrieved December 14, 2010.


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Brokeback Mountain


Short story ·
 Soundtrack ·
 Critical reception ·
 Annie Proulx
 

Characters
Ennis Del Mar ·
 Jack Twist
 

Songs
"A Love That Will Never Grow Old"
 

 


Categories: Brokeback Mountain
Literary characters
Fictional LGBT characters
Fictional characters from Wyoming
Fictional cowboys
Western (genre) characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1997


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Academy Award for Best Actor
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Academy Award for Best Actor
 85th Academy Awards
Awarded for
Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role
Country
United States
Presented by
AMPAS
First awarded
1929
Currently held by
Daniel Day-Lewis,
Lincoln (2012)
Official website
www.oscars.org
The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It was first awarded at the 1st Academy Awards ceremony, held in 1929; Emil Jannings received the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh and it is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry.[1] Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.[2]
In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award.[3] However, during the 3rd ceremony held in 1930, only one of those films was cited in each winner's final award, even though each of the acting winners had two films following their names on the ballots.[4] The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film.[3] Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year.[3]
Since its inception, the award has been given to 76 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis was the most recent winner in this category for his role in Lincoln. At the ceremony held in 2013, Day-Lewis also became the first actor to win in this category three times, surpassing Marlon Brando, Gary Cooper, Tom Hanks, Dustin Hoffman, Fredric March, Jack Nicholson, Sean Penn, and Spencer Tracy who all have two wins. Tracy and Laurence Olivier have been nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor.[5]


Contents  [hide]
1 Winners and nominees
2 Multiple wins/nominations
3 Age superlatives
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 Bibliography
8 External links

Winners and nominees[edit]
In the following tables, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County; the ceremonies are always held the following year.[6][7] For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31.[8] For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932 to December 31, 1933.[8] Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.[8]



A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black tie.

A man wearing a grey suit including a white shirt and black tie.
Wallace Beery (top) and Fredric March (bottom) tied in 1931 for their roles in The Champ (Beery) and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (March). March would also win in 1946 for The Best Years of Our Lives.

A man wearing a hat and a long coat and pants, he is surrounded by people.

Emil Jannings was the first winner in this category for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh.
A man wearing a white and black hat with a grey suite including a white shirt.

Warner Baxter won in 1928 for his role in In Old Arizona.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black tie.

George Arliss won in 1929 for his role in Disraeli.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and a tie.

Lionel Barrymore won in 1930 for his role in A Free Soul.
A man wearing a black suit including a pattern tie.

Clark Gable won in 1934 for his role in It Happened One Night.
A man wearing a suit including a tie.

Spencer Tracy was the first actor to win this category two consecutive years, having won in both 1937 and 1938 for his roles in Captains Courageous and Boys Town including six other nominations.
A man wearing a hat with white shirt.

Bing Crosby won in 1944 for his role in Going My Way.
A man wearing a coat.

Ronald Colman won in 1947 for his role in A Double Life.
A man wearing a black suite including white shirt and a tie.

Laurence Olivier won in 1948 for his role as the titular character in Hamlet, a film which he himself directed.
A man wearing a blavk top.

 Broderick Crawford won in 1949 for his role in All the King's Men.
A man wearing a coat with buttons.

Marlon Brando won two from seven nominations for his roles in On the Waterfront and The Godfather.
A man wearing a grey suite including a white shirt and a tie.

Gregory Peck won in 1962 for his role in To Kill a Mockingbird.
A man wearing a hat with white shirt.

Sidney Poitier won in 1963 for his lead role in Lilies of the Field, thus becoming the first black actor to win an Oscar.
A man wearing a black suite including a pink shirt and a black tie.

 Paul Scofield won in 1966 for his role in A Man for All Seasons.
A man wearing a grey suite including a white black shirt.

 Rod Steiger won in 1967 for his role in In the Heat of the Night.
A man wearing a cowboy suit including a hat and a scarf .

John Wayne won in 1969 for his role in True Grit.
=Photograph man wearing sunglasses and a black suite including a white shirt and tie.

Jack Nicholson won two from eight nominations for his performances in 1975's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and 1997's As Good as It Gets.
A man wearing a black suite including a white shirt and purple tie.

Peter Finch won posthumously for his performance in 1976's Network.
A man wearing a black suit with a blue shirt.

Dustin Hoffman won twice from seven nominations for his roles in Kramer vs. Kramer and Rain Man.
A man wearing a brown sweater including a red shirt.

Robert De Niro was nominated five times, winning once in 1980 for his role as Jake LaMotta in Raging Bull.
A man wearing a grey suit including a tie.

 At age 76, Henry Fonda was the oldest winner in this category for his role in the 1981 film On Golden Pond.
A man wearing a blue sweater including a black shirt.

Michael Douglas won in 1987 for his role in Wall Street.
A man wearing a black and white hat including a beige suit and white shirt.

Anthony Hopkins was nominated three times, winning once in 1991 for his role as Dr. Hannibal Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs.
A man wearing black suite with a black shirt. He is also wearing a long necklace.

Al Pacino was nominated five times, winning once in 1992 for his role in Scent of a Woman.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and a tie with polkadots.

Tom Hanks won two consecutive awards in 1993 and 1994 for his roles in Philadelphia and Forrest Gump.
A man wearing a black suit including a red shirt.

 By virtue of his win 1998 for Life is Beautiful, Roberto Benigni became the second actor to win for a role in a film he directed himself.
A man wearing a blue shirt.

Denzel Washington won in 2001 for his role in Training Day.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black bowtie.

 At age 29, Adrien Brody became the youngest winner for Best Actor for his performance in The Pianist.
A man wearing a black suit including a black shirt and tie.

Sean Penn won twice from five nominations for his roles in Mystic River and Milk.
A man wearing a black shirts.

Jamie Foxx won in 2004 for his role as singer Ray Charles in Ray.
A man wearing a beige top.

 Jeff Bridges won in 2009 for his performance in Crazy Heart.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and bow tie.

Jean Dujardin won in 2011 for his role in The Artist.
Daniel Day-Lewis.

Daniel Day-Lewis became the first actor ever to win this award 3 times for his performances in My Left Foot, There Will Be Blood and Lincoln.
Key
Explanation
double-dagger Indicates the winning actor

Year
Actor
Film
Role
Ref

1927/28
(1st)
Emil JanningsAward winner The Last Command
The Way of All Flesh Grand Duke Sergius Alexander
 August Schilling [1]
Richard Barthelmess The Noose
The Patent Leather Kid Nickie Elkins
 Patent Leather Kid
1928/29
(2nd)
Warner BaxterAward winner In Old Arizona The Cisco Kid [6]
George Bancroft Thunderbolt Thunderbolt Jim Lang
Chester Morris Alibi Chick Williams (No. 1065)
Paul Muni The Valiant James Dyke
Lewis Stone The Patriot Count Pahlen
1929/30
(3rd)
George ArlissAward winner[A] Disraeli Benjamin Disraeli [7]
George Arliss[A] The Green Goddess The Raja of Rukh
Wallace Beery The Big House 'Machine Gun' Butch Schmidt
Maurice Chevalier[A] The Big Pond
The Love Parade Pierre Mirande
 Count Alfred Renard
Ronald Colman[A] Bulldog Drummond
Condemned Capt. Hugh 'Bulldog' Drummond
 Michel
Lawrence Tibbett The Rogue Song Yegor
1930/31
(4th)
Lionel BarrymoreAward winner A Free Soul Stephen Ashe [9]
Jackie Cooper Skippy Skippy Skinner
Richard Dix Cimarron Yancey Cravat
Fredric March The Royal Family of Broadway Tony Cavendish
Adolphe Menjou The Front Page Walter Burns
1931/32
(5th)
Wallace BeeryAward winner[B] The Champ Andy "Champ" Purcell [10]
Fredric MarchAward winner[B] Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Dr. Henry L. Jekyll/Edward Hyde
Alfred Lunt The Guardsman The Actor
1932/33
(6th)
Charles LaughtonAward winner The Private Life of Henry VIII King Henry VIII of England [2]
Leslie Howard Berkeley Square Peter Standish
Paul Muni I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang James Allen
1934
(7th)
Clark GableAward winner It Happened One Night Peter Warner [11]
Frank Morgan The Affairs of Cellini Alessandro - Duke of Florence
William Powell The Thin Man Nick Charles
1935
(8th)
Victor McLaglenAward winner The Informer Gypo Nolan [12]
Clark Gable Mutiny on the Bounty Fletcher Christian
Charles Laughton Mutiny on the Bounty William Bligh
Franchot Tone Mutiny on the Bounty Roger Byam
Paul Muni[C] Black Fury Joe Radek
1936
(9th)
Paul MuniAward winner The Story of Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur [13]
Gary Cooper Mr. Deeds Goes to Town Longfellow Deeds
Walter Huston Dodsworth Sam Dodsworth
William Powell My Man Godfrey Godfrey Park
Spencer Tracy San Francisco Father Tim Mullin
1937
(10th)
Spencer TracyAward winner Captains Courageous Manuel [14]
Charles Boyer Conquest Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte
Fredric March A Star Is Born Norman Maine
Robert Montgomery Night Must Fall Danny
Paul Muni The Life of Émile Zola Émile Zola
1938
(11th)
Spencer TracyAward winner Boys Town Father Flanagan [15]
Charles Boyer Algiers Pepe le Moko
James Cagney Angels with Dirty Faces Rocky Sullivan
Robert Donat The Citadel Dr. Andrew Manson
Leslie Howard Pygmalion Professor Henry Higgins
1939
(12th)
Robert DonatAward winner Goodbye, Mr. Chips Charles Edward Chipping [16]
Clark Gable Gone with the Wind Rhett Butler
Laurence Olivier Wuthering Heights Heathcliff
Mickey Rooney Babes in Arms Mickey Moran
James Stewart Mr. Smith Goes to Washington Jefferson Smith
1940
(13th)
James StewartAward winner The Philadelphia Story 'Macaulay "Mike" Connor [17]
Charlie Chaplin The Great Dictator Adenoid Hynkel (Dictator of Tomania)
 A Jewish Barber
Henry Fonda The Grapes of Wrath Tom Joad
Raymond Massey Abe Lincoln in Illinois Abraham Lincoln
Laurence Olivier Rebecca 'Maxim' de Winter
1941
(14th)
Gary CooperAward winner Sergeant York Alvin C. York [18]
Cary Grant Penny Serenade Roger Adams
Walter Huston The Devil and Daniel Webster Mr. Scratch
Robert Montgomery Here Comes Mr. Jordan Joe Pendleton
Orson Welles Citizen Kane Charles Foster Kane
1942
(15th)
James CagneyAward winner Yankee Doodle Dandy George M. Cohan [19]
Ronald Colman Random Harvest Charles Rainier
Gary Cooper The Pride of the Yankees Lou Gehrig
Walter Pidgeon Mrs. Miniver Clem Miniver
Monty Woolley The Pied Piper Howard
1943
(16th)
Paul LukasAward winner Watch on the Rhine Kurt Muller [20]
Humphrey Bogart Casablanca Richard "Rick" Blaine
Gary Cooper For Whom the Bell Tolls Robert Jordan
Walter Pidgeon Madame Curie Pierre Curie
Mickey Rooney The Human Comedy Homer Macauley
1944
(17th)
Bing CrosbyAward winner Going My Way Father Chuck O'Malley [21]
Charles Boyer Gaslight Gregory Anton
Barry Fitzgerald Going My Way Father Fitzgibbon
Cary Grant None but the Lonely Heart Ernie Mott
Alexander Knox Wilson Woodrow Wilson
1945
(18th)
Ray MillandAward winner The Lost Weekend Don Birnam [22]
Bing Crosby The Bells of St. Mary's Father Chuck O'Malley
Gene Kelly Anchors Aweigh Joseph Brady
Gregory Peck The Keys of the Kingdom Father Francis
Cornel Wilde A Song to Remember Frédéric Chopin
1946
(19th)
Fredric MarchAward winner The Best Years of Our Lives Al Stephenson [22]
Laurence Olivier Henry V King Henry V of England
Larry Parks The Jolson Story Al Jolson
Gregory Peck The Yearling Ezra "Penny" Baxter
James Stewart It's a Wonderful Life George Bailey
1947
(20th)
Ronald ColmanAward winner A Double Life Anthony John [23]
John Garfield Body and Soul Charlie Davis
Gregory Peck Gentleman's Agreement Philip Schuyler Green
William Powell Life with Father Clarence Day, Sr.
Michael Redgrave Mourning Becomes Electra Orin Mannon
1948
(21st)
Laurence OlivierAward winner Hamlet Hamlet, Prince of Denmark [24]
Lew Ayres Johnny Belinda Dr. Robert Richardson
Montgomery Clift The Search Ralph "Steve" Stevenson
Dan Dailey When My Baby Smiles at Me "Skid" Johnson
Clifton Webb Sitting Pretty Lynn Aloysius Belvedere
1949
(22nd)
Broderick CrawfordAward winner All the King's Men Willie Stark [25]
Kirk Douglas Champion Michael "Midge" Kelly
Gregory Peck Twelve O'Clock High General Savage
Richard Todd The Hasty Heart Cpl. Lachlan "Lachie" MacLachlan
John Wayne Sands of Iwo Jima Sergeant John M. Stryker
1950
(23rd)
José FerrerAward winner Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac [26]
Louis Calhern The Magnificent Yankee Oliver Wendell Holmes
William Holden Sunset Boulevard Joe Gillis
James Stewart Harvey Elwood P. Dowd
Spencer Tracy Father of the Bride Stanley T. Banks
1951
(24th)
Humphrey BogartAward winner The African Queen Charlie Allnut [27]
Marlon Brando A Streetcar Named Desire Stanley Kowalski
Montgomery Clift A Place in the Sun George Eastman
Arthur Kennedy Bright Victory Larry Nevins
Fredric March Death of a Salesman Willy Loman
1952
(25th)
Gary CooperAward winner High Noon Marshal Will Kane [28]
Marlon Brando Viva Zapata! Emiliano Zapata
Kirk Douglas The Bad and the Beautiful Jonathan Shields
José Ferrer Moulin Rouge Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
 The Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec
Alec Guinness The Lavender Hill Mob Henry Holland
1953
(26th)
William HoldenAward winner Stalag 17 Sgt. J.J. Sefton [29]
Marlon Brando Julius Caesar Mark Antony
Richard Burton The Robe Marcellus Gallio
Montgomery Clift From Here to Eternity Pvt. Robert E. Lee 'Prew' Prewitt
Burt Lancaster From Here to Eternity 1st Sgt. Milton Warden
1954
(27th)
Marlon BrandoAward winner On the Waterfront Terry Malloy [30]
Humphrey Bogart The Caine Mutiny Lt. Cmdr. Philip Francis Queeg
Bing Crosby The Country Girl Frank Elgin
James Mason A Star Is Born Norman Maine
Dan O'Herlihy Adventures of Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe
1955
(28th)
Ernest BorgnineAward winner Marty Marty Piletti [31]
James Cagney Love Me or Leave Me Martin Snyder
James Dean (posthumous nomination) East of Eden Cal Trask
Frank Sinatra The Man with the Golden Arm Frankie Machine
Spencer Tracy Bad Day at Black Rock John J. Macreedy
1956
(29th)
Yul BrynnerAward winner The King and I King Mongkut of Siam [32]
James Dean (posthumous nomination) Giant Jett Rink
Kirk Douglas Lust for Life Vincent van Gogh
Rock Hudson Giant Jordan "Bick" Benedict Jr.
Laurence Olivier Richard III King Richard III of England
1957
(30th)
Alec GuinnessAward winner The Bridge on the River Kwai Colonel Nicholson [33]
Marlon Brando Sayonara Major Lloyd "Ace" Gruver, USAF
Anthony Franciosa A Hatful of Rain Polo Pope
Charles Laughton Witness for the Prosecution Sir Wilfrid Robarts
Anthony Quinn Wild Is the Wind Gino
1958
(31st)
David NivenAward winner Separate Tables Major Angus Pollock [34]
Tony Curtis The Defiant Ones John 'Joker' Jackson
Paul Newman Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Brick Pollitt
Sidney Poitier The Defiant Ones Noah Cullen
Spencer Tracy The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man
1959
(32nd)
Charlton HestonAward winner Ben-Hur Judah Ben-Hur [35]
Laurence Harvey Room at the Top Joe Lampton
Jack Lemmon Some Like It Hot Jerry
Paul Muni The Last Angry Man Dr. Sam Abelman
James Stewart Anatomy of a Murder Paul Biegler
1960
(33rd)
Burt LancasterAward winner Elmer Gantry Elmer Gantry [36]
Trevor Howard Sons and Lovers Walter Morel
Jack Lemmon The Apartment C. C. "Bud" Baxter
Laurence Olivier The Entertainer Archie Rice
Spencer Tracy Inherit the Wind Henry Drummond
1961
(34th)
Maximilian SchellAward winner Judgment at Nuremberg Hans Rolfe [37]
Charles Boyer Fanny Cesar
Paul Newman The Hustler Eddie Felson
Spencer Tracy Judgment at Nuremberg Chief Judge Dan Haywood
Stuart Whitman The Mark Jim Fuller
1962
(35th)
Gregory PeckAward winner To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus Finch [38]
Burt Lancaster Birdman of Alcatraz Robert Franklin Stroud
Jack Lemmon Days of Wine and Roses Joe Clay
Marcello Mastroianni Divorce, Italian Style Ferdinando Cefalù
Peter O'Toole Lawrence of Arabia T. E. Lawrence
1963
(36th)
Sidney PoitierAward winner Lilies of the Field Homer Smith [39]
Albert Finney Tom Jones Tom Jones
Richard Harris This Sporting Life Frank Machin
Rex Harrison Cleopatra Julius Caesar
Paul Newman Hud Hud Bannon
1964
(37th)
Rex HarrisonAward winner My Fair Lady Professor Henry Higgins [40]
Richard Burton Becket Thomas Becket
Peter O'Toole Becket King Henry II of England
Anthony Quinn Zorba the Greek Alexis Zorba
Peter Sellers Dr. Strangelove Group Captain Lionel Mandrake
 President Merkin Muffley
 Dr. Strangelove
1965
(38th)
Lee MarvinAward winner Cat Ballou Kid Shelleen
 Tim Strawn [41]
Richard Burton The Spy Who Came in from the Cold Alec Leamas
Laurence Olivier Othello Othello
Rod Steiger The Pawnbroker Sol Nazerman
Oskar Werner Ship of Fools Willie Schumann
1966
(39th)
Paul ScofieldAward winner A Man for All Seasons Sir Thomas More [42]
Alan Arkin The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming Lt. Rozanov
Richard Burton Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? George
Michael Caine Alfie Alfie Elkins
Steve McQueen The Sand Pebbles Jake Holman
1967
(40th)
Rod SteigerAward winner In the Heat of the Night Police Chief Bill Gillespie [43]
Warren Beatty Bonnie and Clyde Clyde Barrow
Dustin Hoffman The Graduate Benjamin Braddock
Paul Newman Cool Hand Luke Lucas "Cool Hand Luke" Jackson
Spencer Tracy (posthumous nomination) Guess Who's Coming to Dinner Matt Drayton
1968
(41st)
Cliff RobertsonAward winner Charly Charly Gordon [44]
Alan Arkin The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter John Singer
Alan Bates The Fixer Yakov Bok
Ron Moody Oliver! Fagin
Peter O'Toole The Lion in Winter King Henry II of England
1969
(42nd)
John WayneAward winner True Grit Rooster Cogburn [45]
Richard Burton Anne of the Thousand Days King Henry VIII of England
Dustin Hoffman Midnight Cowboy Enrico Salvatore "Ratso" "Rico" Rizzo
Peter O'Toole Goodbye, Mr. Chips Arthur Chipping
Jon Voight Midnight Cowboy Joe Buck
1970
(43rd)
George C. ScottAward winner Patton General George S. Patton, Jr. [46]
Melvyn Douglas I Never Sang for My Father Tom Garrison
James Earl Jones The Great White Hope Jack Jefferson
Jack Nicholson Five Easy Pieces Robert Eroica Dupea
Ryan O'Neal Love Story Oliver Barrett IV
1971
(44th)
Gene HackmanAward winner The French Connection Detective Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle [47]
Peter Finch Sunday Bloody Sunday Dr. Daniel Hirsh
Walter Matthau Kotch Joseph P. Kotcher
George C. Scott The Hospital Dr. Herbert Bock
Chaim Topol Fiddler on the Roof Tevye
1972
(45th)
Marlon BrandoAward winner The Godfather Vito Corleone [48]
Michael Caine Sleuth Milo Tindle
Laurence Olivier Sleuth Andrew Wyke
Peter O'Toole The Ruling Class Jack Gurney, 14th Earl of Gurney
Paul Winfield Sounder Nathan Lee Morgan
1973
(46th)
Jack LemmonAward winner Save the Tiger Harry Stoner [49]
Marlon Brando Last Tango in Paris Paul
Jack Nicholson The Last Detail Signalman First Class Billy L. "Badass" Buddusky
Al Pacino Serpico Frank "Paco" Serpico
Robert Redford The Sting Johnny "Kelly" Hooker
1974
(47th)
Art CarneyAward winner Harry and Tonto Harry Coombes [50]
Albert Finney Murder on the Orient Express Hercule Poirot
Dustin Hoffman Lenny Lenny Bruce
Jack Nicholson Chinatown J. J. "Jake" Gittes
Al Pacino The Godfather Part II Michael Corleone
1975
(48th)
Jack NicholsonAward winner One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest Randle Patrick "Mac" McMurphy [51]
Walter Matthau The Sunshine Boys Willy Clark
Al Pacino Dog Day Afternoon Sonny Wortzik
Maximilian Schell The Man in the Glass Booth Arthur Goldman
James Whitmore Give 'em Hell, Harry! Harry S. Truman
1976
(49th)
Peter FinchAward winner (posthumous win) Network Howard Beale [52]
Robert De Niro Taxi Driver Travis Bickle
Giancarlo Giannini Seven Beauties Pasqualino Frafuso
William Holden Network Max Schumacher
Sylvester Stallone Rocky Rocky Balboa
1977
(50th)
Richard DreyfussAward winner The Goodbye Girl Elliot Garfield [53]
Woody Allen Annie Hall Alvy Singer
Richard Burton Equus Martin Dysart
Marcello Mastroianni A Special Day Gabriele
John Travolta Saturday Night Fever Anthony "Tony" Manero
1978
(51st)
Jon VoightAward winner Coming Home Luke Martin [54]
Warren Beatty Heaven Can Wait Joe Pendleton
Gary Busey The Buddy Holly Story Buddy Holly
Robert De Niro The Deer Hunter Michael Vronsky
Laurence Olivier The Boys from Brazil Ezra Lieberman
1979
(52nd)
Dustin HoffmanAward winner Kramer vs. Kramer Ted Kramer [55]
Jack Lemmon The China Syndrome Jack Godell
Al Pacino ...And Justice for All Arthur Kirkland
Roy Scheider All That Jazz Joe Gideon
Peter Sellers Being There Chance the Gardener aka Chauncey Gardiner
1980
(53rd)
Robert De NiroAward winner Raging Bull Jake LaMotta [56]
Robert Duvall The Great Santini Lieutenant Colonel Wilbur "Bull" Meechum
John Hurt The Elephant Man John Merrick
Jack Lemmon Tribute Scottie Templeton
Peter O'Toole The Stunt Man Eli Cross
1981
(54th)
Henry FondaAward winner On Golden Pond Norman Thayer, Jr. [57]
Warren Beatty Reds John Silas "Jack" Reed
Burt Lancaster Atlantic City Lou Pascal
Dudley Moore Arthur Arthur Bach
Paul Newman Absence of Malice Michael Colin Gallagher
1982
(55th)
Ben KingsleyAward winner Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi [58]
Dustin Hoffman Tootsie Michael Dorsey, aka Dorothy Michaels
Jack Lemmon Missing Ed Horman
Paul Newman The Verdict Frank Galvin
Peter O'Toole My Favorite Year Alan Swann
1983
(56th)
Robert DuvallAward winner Tender Mercies Mac Sledge [59]
Michael Caine Educating Rita Dr. Frank Bryant
Tom Conti Reuben, Reuben Gowan McGland
Tom Courtenay The Dresser Norman
Albert Finney The Dresser Sir
1984
(57th)
F. Murray AbrahamAward winner Amadeus Antonio Salieri [60]
Jeff Bridges Starman Starman
Albert Finney Under the Volcano Geoffrey Firmin
Tom Hulce Amadeus Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Sam Waterston The Killing Fields Sydney Schanberg
1985
(58th)
William HurtAward winner Kiss of the Spider Woman Luis Molina [61]
Harrison Ford Witness Detective Captain John Book
James Garner Murphy's Romance Murphy Jones
Jack Nicholson Prizzi's Honor Charley Partanna
Jon Voight Runaway Train Oscar "Manny" Manheim
1986
(59th)
Paul NewmanAward winner The Color of Money Fast Eddie Felson [62]
Dexter Gordon Round Midnight Dale Turner
Bob Hoskins Mona Lisa George
William Hurt Children of a Lesser God James Leeds
James Woods Salvador Richard Boyle
1987
(60th)
Michael DouglasAward winner Wall Street Gordon Gekko [63]
William Hurt Broadcast News Tom Grunick
Marcello Mastroianni Dark Eyes Romano
Jack Nicholson Ironweed Francis Phelan
Robin Williams Good Morning, Vietnam Adrian Cronauer
1988
(61st)
Dustin HoffmanAward winner Rain Man Raymond Babbitt, aka Rain Man [64]
Gene Hackman Mississippi Burning Agent Rupert Anderson
Tom Hanks Big Josh Baskin
Edward James Olmos Stand and Deliver Jaime Escalante
Max von Sydow Pelle the Conqueror Lassefar
1989
(62nd)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner My Left Foot Christy Brown [65]
Kenneth Branagh Henry V King Henry V of England
Tom Cruise Born on the Fourth of July Ron Kovic
Morgan Freeman Driving Miss Daisy Hoke Colburn
Robin Williams Dead Poets Society John Charles "Keats" Keating
1990
(63rd)
Jeremy IronsAward winner Reversal of Fortune Claus von Bülow [66]
Kevin Costner Dances with Wolves Lieutenant John J. Dunbar
Robert De Niro Awakenings Leonard Lowe
Gérard Depardieu Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac
Richard Harris The Field "Bull" McCabe
1991
(64th)
Anthony HopkinsAward winner The Silence of the Lambs Dr. Hannibal Lecter [67]
Warren Beatty Bugsy Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel
Robert De Niro Cape Fear Maximilian "Max" Cady
Nick Nolte The Prince of Tides Tom Wingo
Robin Williams The Fisher King Henry "Parry" Sagan
1992
(65th)
Al PacinoAward winner Scent of a Woman Lieutenant Colonel Frank Slade [68]
Robert Downey, Jr. Chaplin Charlie Chaplin
Clint Eastwood Unforgiven William "Will" Munny
Stephen Rea The Crying Game Fergus
Denzel Washington Malcolm X Malcolm X
1993
(66th)
Tom HanksAward winner Philadelphia Andrew Beckett [69]
Daniel Day-Lewis In the Name of the Father Gerry Conlon
Laurence Fishburne What's Love Got to Do with It Ike Turner
Anthony Hopkins The Remains of the Day James Stevens
Liam Neeson Schindler's List Oskar Schindler
1994
(67th)
Tom HanksAward winner Forrest Gump Forrest Gump [70]
Morgan Freeman The Shawshank Redemption Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding
Nigel Hawthorne The Madness of King George King George III of the United Kingdom
Paul Newman Nobody's Fool Donald "Sully" Sullivan
John Travolta Pulp Fiction Vincent Vega
1995
(68th)
Nicolas CageAward winner Leaving Las Vegas Ben Sanderson [71]
Richard Dreyfuss Mr. Holland's Opus Glenn Holland
Anthony Hopkins Nixon Richard Nixon
Sean Penn Dead Man Walking Matthew Poncelet
Massimo Troisi (posthumous nomination) Il Postino Mario Ruoppolo
1996
(69th)
Geoffrey RushAward winner Shine David Helfgott [72]
Tom Cruise Jerry Maguire Jerry Maguire
Ralph Fiennes The English Patient Count Laszlo de Almásy
Woody Harrelson The People vs. Larry Flynt Larry Flynt
Billy Bob Thornton Sling Blade Karl Childers
1997
(70th)
Jack NicholsonAward winner As Good as It Gets Melvin Udall [73]
Matt Damon Good Will Hunting Will Hunting
Robert Duvall The Apostle Euliss "Sonny" Dewey — The Apostle E.F.
Peter Fonda Ulee's Gold Ulysses "Ulee" Jackson
Dustin Hoffman Wag the Dog Stanley Motss
1998
(71st)
Roberto BenigniAward winner Life Is Beautiful Guido Orefice [74]
Tom Hanks Saving Private Ryan Captain John Miller
Ian McKellen Gods and Monsters James Whale
Nick Nolte Affliction Wade Whitehouse
Edward Norton American History X Derek Vinyard
1999
(72nd)
Kevin SpaceyAward winner American Beauty Lester Burnham [75]
Russell Crowe The Insider Jeffrey Wigand
Richard Farnsworth The Straight Story Alvin Straight
Sean Penn Sweet and Lowdown Emmet Ray
Denzel Washington The Hurricane Rubin "The Hurricane" Carter
2000
(73rd)
Russell CroweAward winner Gladiator Maximus Decimus Meridius [76]
Javier Bardem Before Night Falls Reinaldo Arenas
Tom Hanks Cast Away Chuck Noland
Ed Harris Pollock Jackson Pollock
Geoffrey Rush Quills The Marquis de Sade
2001
(74th)
Denzel WashingtonAward winner Training Day Detective Alonzo Harris [77]
Russell Crowe A Beautiful Mind John Forbes Nash, Jr.
Sean Penn I Am Sam Sam Dawson
Will Smith Ali Muhammad Ali
Tom Wilkinson In the Bedroom Dr. Matthew Fowler
2002
(75th)
Adrien BrodyAward winner The Pianist Władysław Szpilman [78]
Nicolas Cage Adaptation. Charlie Kaufman
 Donald Kaufman
Michael Caine The Quiet American Thomas Fowler
Daniel Day-Lewis Gangs of New York William "Bill the Butcher" Cutting
Jack Nicholson About Schmidt Warren R. Schmidt
2003
(76th)
Sean PennAward winner Mystic River Jimmy Markum [79]
Johnny Depp Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Captain Jack Sparrow
Ben Kingsley House of Sand and Fog Massoud Amir Behrani
Jude Law Cold Mountain Inman
Bill Murray Lost in Translation Bob Harris
2004
(77th)
Jamie FoxxAward winner Ray Ray Charles [80]
Don Cheadle Hotel Rwanda Paul Rusesabagina
Johnny Depp Finding Neverland J. M. Barrie
Leonardo DiCaprio The Aviator Howard Hughes
Clint Eastwood Million Dollar Baby Frankie Dunn
2005
(78th)
Philip Seymour HoffmanAward winner Capote Truman Capote [81]
Terrence Howard Hustle & Flow Djay
Heath Ledger Brokeback Mountain Ennis Del Mar
Joaquin Phoenix Walk the Line Johnny Cash
David Strathairn Good Night, and Good Luck Edward R. Murrow
2006
(79th)
Forest WhitakerAward winner The Last King of Scotland Idi Amin [82]
Leonardo DiCaprio Blood Diamond Danny Archer
Ryan Gosling Half Nelson Dan Dunne
Peter O'Toole Venus Maurice
Will Smith The Pursuit of Happyness Chris Gardner
2007
(80th)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner There Will Be Blood Daniel Plainview [83]
George Clooney Michael Clayton Michael Clayton
Johnny Depp Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street Benjamin Barker, aka Sweeney Todd
Tommy Lee Jones In the Valley of Elah Hank Deerfield
Viggo Mortensen Eastern Promises Nikolai Luzhin
2008
(81st)
Sean PennAward winner Milk Harvey Milk [84]
Richard Jenkins The Visitor Walter Vale
Frank Langella Frost/Nixon Richard Nixon
Brad Pitt The Curious Case of Benjamin Button Benjamin Button
Mickey Rourke The Wrestler Randy "The Ram" Robinson
2009
(82nd)
Jeff BridgesAward winner Crazy Heart Otis "Bad" Blake [85]
George Clooney Up in the Air Ryan Bingham
Colin Firth A Single Man George Falconer
Morgan Freeman Invictus Nelson Mandela
Jeremy Renner The Hurt Locker Sergeant First Class William James
2010
(83rd)
Colin FirthAward winner The King's Speech King George VI [86]
Javier Bardem Biutiful Uxbal
Jeff Bridges True Grit Rooster Cogburn
Jesse Eisenberg The Social Network Mark Zuckerberg
James Franco 127 Hours Aron Ralston
2011
(84th)
Jean DujardinAward winner The Artist George Valentin [87]
Demián Bichir A Better Life Carlos Galindo
George Clooney The Descendants Matt King
Gary Oldman Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy George Smiley
Brad Pitt Moneyball Billy Beane
2012
(85th)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner Lincoln Abraham Lincoln [88]
Bradley Cooper Silver Linings Playbook Patrick "Pat" Solitano, Jr.
Hugh Jackman Les Misérables Jean Valjean
Joaquin Phoenix The Master Freddie Quell
Denzel Washington Flight Captain William "Whip" Whitaker
Multiple wins/nominations[edit]

Number
Actor

Wins


3
 Daniel Day-Lewis
2
Marlon Brando
Gary Cooper
Tom Hanks
Dustin Hoffman
Fredric March
Jack Nicholson
Sean Penn
Spencer Tracy
Nominations

9
Laurence Olivier
Spencer Tracy
8
Paul Newman
Jack Nicholson
Peter O'Toole
7
Marlon Brando
Dustin Hoffman
Jack Lemmon

6
 Richard Burton
5
Gary Cooper
Daniel Day-Lewis
Robert De Niro
Tom Hanks
Fredric March
Paul Muni
Al Pacino
Gregory Peck
Sean Penn
James Stewart
4
Warren Beatty
Charles Boyer
Michael Caine
Albert Finney
Burt Lancaster
Denzel Washington
3
Humphrey Bogart
Jeff Bridges
James Cagney
Montgomery Clift
George Clooney
Ronald Colman
Bing Crosby
Russell Crowe
Johnny Depp
Kirk Douglas
Robert Duvall
Morgan Freeman
Clark Gable
William Holden
Anthony Hopkins
William Hurt
Charles Laughton
Marcello Mastroianni
William Powell
Jon Voight
Robin Williams
2
Alan Arkin
Javier Bardem
Nicolas Cage
Tom Cruise
James Dean
Leonardo DiCaprio
Richard Dreyfuss
Clint Eastwood
José Ferrer
Peter Finch
Colin Firth
Henry Fonda
Cary Grant
Alec Guinness
Gene Hackman
Richard Harris
Rex Harrison
Leslie Howard
Walter Huston
Ben Kingsley
Walter Matthau
Robert Montgomery
Nick Nolte
Joaquin Phoenix
Walter Pidgeon
Brad Pitt
Sidney Poitier
Anthony Quinn
Mickey Rooney
Geoffrey Rush
Maximilian Schell
George C. Scott
Peter Sellers
Will Smith
Rod Steiger
John Travolta
John Wayne
Age superlatives[edit]

Record
Actor
Film
Age (in years)

Oldest winner Henry Fonda On Golden Pond 76
Oldest nominee Richard Farnsworth The Straight Story 79
Youngest winner Adrien Brody The Pianist 29
Youngest nominee Jackie Cooper Skippy 9

See also[edit]
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
Critics Choice Movie Award for Best Actor
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
List of Best Actor winners by age
List of Big Five Academy Award winners and nominees
List of superlative Academy Award winners and nominees
List of nominees for the Academy Award for Best Actor (by actor)
List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year
List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories
List of actors nominated for Academy Awards for foreign language performances
List of actors who won the Academy, BAFTA, Golden Globe, SAG, and Critic's Choice Award for a single performance
Notes[edit]
A^ : Rules at the time of the first three ceremonies allowed for a performer to receive a single nomination which could honor their work in more than one film. George Arliss, Maurice Chevalier, and Ronald Colman were all nominated for two different roles in the same category. Current Academy rules forbid this from happening. No official reason was ever given as to why Arliss won the award for only one of the two films he was listed for.[89]B1 2 : Fredric March received one more vote than Wallace Beery. Academy rules at that time considered such a close margin to be a tie, so both March and Beery received the award. Under current Academy rules, however, dual awards are given only for exact ties.[90]C^ : Paul Muni's performance in Black Fury was not nominated for an Oscar. For two years only, the Academy allowed a write-in vote.[91][92] Technically, this meant that any performance was eligible for the award. The decision was made the previous year in response to the controversy surrounding Bette Davis's failure to receive a nomination for Of Human Bondage. Muni came 2nd in the vote, however, the Academy does not recognise Davis or Muni as nominees in these years.[93][94]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule One: Award Definitions". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
2.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Six: Special Rules for the Acting Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c Levy 2003, p. 56
4.Jump up ^ Dirks, Tim. "1929–38 Academy Awards Winners and History". Filmsite (Rainbow Media). Retrieved August 30, 2013.
5.Jump up ^ Martin, Monique (February 2, 2010). "History of the Best Actor Category of the Academy Awards". Associated Content (Yahoo!). Retrieved August 30, 2013.
6.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Two: Eligibility". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 29, 2013.
7.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Two: The Awards Year and Deadline". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
8.^ Jump up to: a b c Levy 2003, p. 52
9.Jump up ^ "The 4th Academy Awards (1931) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
10.Jump up ^ "The 5th Academy Awards (1932) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
11.Jump up ^ "The 7th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
12.Jump up ^ "The 8th Academy Awards (1936) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
13.Jump up ^ "The 9th Academy Awards (1937) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
14.Jump up ^ "The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
15.Jump up ^ "The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
16.Jump up ^ "The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
17.Jump up ^ "The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
18.Jump up ^ "The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
19.Jump up ^ "The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
20.Jump up ^ "The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
21.Jump up ^ "The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
22.^ Jump up to: a b "The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
23.Jump up ^ "The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
24.Jump up ^ "The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
25.Jump up ^ "The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
26.Jump up ^ "The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
27.Jump up ^ "The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
28.Jump up ^ "The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
29.Jump up ^ "The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
30.Jump up ^ "The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
31.Jump up ^ "The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
32.Jump up ^ "The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
33.Jump up ^ "The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
34.Jump up ^ "The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
35.Jump up ^ "The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
36.Jump up ^ "The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
37.Jump up ^ "The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
38.Jump up ^ "The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
39.Jump up ^ "The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
40.Jump up ^ "The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
41.Jump up ^ "The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
42.Jump up ^ "The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
43.Jump up ^ "The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
44.Jump up ^ "The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
45.Jump up ^ "The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
46.Jump up ^ "The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
47.Jump up ^ "The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
48.Jump up ^ "The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
49.Jump up ^ "The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
50.Jump up ^ "The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
51.Jump up ^ "The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
52.Jump up ^ "The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
53.Jump up ^ "The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
54.Jump up ^ "The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
55.Jump up ^ "The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
56.Jump up ^ "The 53rd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
57.Jump up ^ "The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
58.Jump up ^ "The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
59.Jump up ^ "The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
60.Jump up ^ "The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
61.Jump up ^ "The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
62.Jump up ^ "The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
63.Jump up ^ "The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
64.Jump up ^ "The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
65.Jump up ^ "The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
66.Jump up ^ "The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
67.Jump up ^ "The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
68.Jump up ^ "The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
69.Jump up ^ "The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
70.Jump up ^ "The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
71.Jump up ^ "The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
72.Jump up ^ "The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
73.Jump up ^ "The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
74.Jump up ^ "The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
75.Jump up ^ "The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
76.Jump up ^ "The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
77.Jump up ^ "The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
78.Jump up ^ "The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
79.Jump up ^ "The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
80.Jump up ^ "The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
81.Jump up ^ "The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
82.Jump up ^ "The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
83.Jump up ^ "The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
84.Jump up ^ "The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
85.Jump up ^ "The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
86.Jump up ^ "The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
87.Jump up ^ "The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
88.Jump up ^ "The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
89.Jump up ^ Rooney, David (November 25, 2003). "On the double-bubble". Retrieved August 30, 2013.
90.Jump up ^ Levy 2003, p. 116
91.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 1002
92.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 10045
93.Jump up ^ Levy 2003, p. 51
94.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 65
Bibliography[edit]
Wiley, Mason; Bona, Damien (1996), Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards (5 ed.), New York, United States: Ballantine Books, ISBN 0-345-40053-4, OCLC 779680732
Levy, Emanuel (2003), All About Oscar: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards, New York, United States: Continuum International Publishing Group, ISBN 0-8264-1452-4
External links[edit]
Oscars.org (official Academy site)
Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional site)
The Academy Awards Database (official site)
Complete Downloadable List of Academy Award Nominees


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Academy Award for Best Actor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Academy Award for Best Actor
 85th Academy Awards
Awarded for
Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role
Country
United States
Presented by
AMPAS
First awarded
1929
Currently held by
Daniel Day-Lewis,
Lincoln (2012)
Official website
www.oscars.org
The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It was first awarded at the 1st Academy Awards ceremony, held in 1929; Emil Jannings received the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh and it is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry.[1] Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.[2]
In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award.[3] However, during the 3rd ceremony held in 1930, only one of those films was cited in each winner's final award, even though each of the acting winners had two films following their names on the ballots.[4] The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film.[3] Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year.[3]
Since its inception, the award has been given to 76 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis was the most recent winner in this category for his role in Lincoln. At the ceremony held in 2013, Day-Lewis also became the first actor to win in this category three times, surpassing Marlon Brando, Gary Cooper, Tom Hanks, Dustin Hoffman, Fredric March, Jack Nicholson, Sean Penn, and Spencer Tracy who all have two wins. Tracy and Laurence Olivier have been nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor.[5]


Contents  [hide]
1 Winners and nominees
2 Multiple wins/nominations
3 Age superlatives
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 Bibliography
8 External links

Winners and nominees[edit]
In the following tables, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County; the ceremonies are always held the following year.[6][7] For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31.[8] For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932 to December 31, 1933.[8] Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.[8]



A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black tie.

A man wearing a grey suit including a white shirt and black tie.
Wallace Beery (top) and Fredric March (bottom) tied in 1931 for their roles in The Champ (Beery) and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (March). March would also win in 1946 for The Best Years of Our Lives.

A man wearing a hat and a long coat and pants, he is surrounded by people.

Emil Jannings was the first winner in this category for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh.
A man wearing a white and black hat with a grey suite including a white shirt.

Warner Baxter won in 1928 for his role in In Old Arizona.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black tie.

George Arliss won in 1929 for his role in Disraeli.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and a tie.

Lionel Barrymore won in 1930 for his role in A Free Soul.
A man wearing a black suit including a pattern tie.

Clark Gable won in 1934 for his role in It Happened One Night.
A man wearing a suit including a tie.

Spencer Tracy was the first actor to win this category two consecutive years, having won in both 1937 and 1938 for his roles in Captains Courageous and Boys Town including six other nominations.
A man wearing a hat with white shirt.

Bing Crosby won in 1944 for his role in Going My Way.
A man wearing a coat.

Ronald Colman won in 1947 for his role in A Double Life.
A man wearing a black suite including white shirt and a tie.

Laurence Olivier won in 1948 for his role as the titular character in Hamlet, a film which he himself directed.
A man wearing a blavk top.

 Broderick Crawford won in 1949 for his role in All the King's Men.
A man wearing a coat with buttons.

Marlon Brando won two from seven nominations for his roles in On the Waterfront and The Godfather.
A man wearing a grey suite including a white shirt and a tie.

Gregory Peck won in 1962 for his role in To Kill a Mockingbird.
A man wearing a hat with white shirt.

Sidney Poitier won in 1963 for his lead role in Lilies of the Field, thus becoming the first black actor to win an Oscar.
A man wearing a black suite including a pink shirt and a black tie.

 Paul Scofield won in 1966 for his role in A Man for All Seasons.
A man wearing a grey suite including a white black shirt.

 Rod Steiger won in 1967 for his role in In the Heat of the Night.
A man wearing a cowboy suit including a hat and a scarf .

John Wayne won in 1969 for his role in True Grit.
=Photograph man wearing sunglasses and a black suite including a white shirt and tie.

Jack Nicholson won two from eight nominations for his performances in 1975's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and 1997's As Good as It Gets.
A man wearing a black suite including a white shirt and purple tie.

Peter Finch won posthumously for his performance in 1976's Network.
A man wearing a black suit with a blue shirt.

Dustin Hoffman won twice from seven nominations for his roles in Kramer vs. Kramer and Rain Man.
A man wearing a brown sweater including a red shirt.

Robert De Niro was nominated five times, winning once in 1980 for his role as Jake LaMotta in Raging Bull.
A man wearing a grey suit including a tie.

 At age 76, Henry Fonda was the oldest winner in this category for his role in the 1981 film On Golden Pond.
A man wearing a blue sweater including a black shirt.

Michael Douglas won in 1987 for his role in Wall Street.
A man wearing a black and white hat including a beige suit and white shirt.

Anthony Hopkins was nominated three times, winning once in 1991 for his role as Dr. Hannibal Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs.
A man wearing black suite with a black shirt. He is also wearing a long necklace.

Al Pacino was nominated five times, winning once in 1992 for his role in Scent of a Woman.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and a tie with polkadots.

Tom Hanks won two consecutive awards in 1993 and 1994 for his roles in Philadelphia and Forrest Gump.
A man wearing a black suit including a red shirt.

 By virtue of his win 1998 for Life is Beautiful, Roberto Benigni became the second actor to win for a role in a film he directed himself.
A man wearing a blue shirt.

Denzel Washington won in 2001 for his role in Training Day.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black bowtie.

 At age 29, Adrien Brody became the youngest winner for Best Actor for his performance in The Pianist.
A man wearing a black suit including a black shirt and tie.

Sean Penn won twice from five nominations for his roles in Mystic River and Milk.
A man wearing a black shirts.

Jamie Foxx won in 2004 for his role as singer Ray Charles in Ray.
A man wearing a beige top.

 Jeff Bridges won in 2009 for his performance in Crazy Heart.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and bow tie.

Jean Dujardin won in 2011 for his role in The Artist.
Daniel Day-Lewis.

Daniel Day-Lewis became the first actor ever to win this award 3 times for his performances in My Left Foot, There Will Be Blood and Lincoln.
Key
Explanation
double-dagger Indicates the winning actor

Year
Actor
Film
Role
Ref

1927/28
(1st)
Emil JanningsAward winner The Last Command
The Way of All Flesh Grand Duke Sergius Alexander
 August Schilling [1]
Richard Barthelmess The Noose
The Patent Leather Kid Nickie Elkins
 Patent Leather Kid
1928/29
(2nd)
Warner BaxterAward winner In Old Arizona The Cisco Kid [6]
George Bancroft Thunderbolt Thunderbolt Jim Lang
Chester Morris Alibi Chick Williams (No. 1065)
Paul Muni The Valiant James Dyke
Lewis Stone The Patriot Count Pahlen
1929/30
(3rd)
George ArlissAward winner[A] Disraeli Benjamin Disraeli [7]
George Arliss[A] The Green Goddess The Raja of Rukh
Wallace Beery The Big House 'Machine Gun' Butch Schmidt
Maurice Chevalier[A] The Big Pond
The Love Parade Pierre Mirande
 Count Alfred Renard
Ronald Colman[A] Bulldog Drummond
Condemned Capt. Hugh 'Bulldog' Drummond
 Michel
Lawrence Tibbett The Rogue Song Yegor
1930/31
(4th)
Lionel BarrymoreAward winner A Free Soul Stephen Ashe [9]
Jackie Cooper Skippy Skippy Skinner
Richard Dix Cimarron Yancey Cravat
Fredric March The Royal Family of Broadway Tony Cavendish
Adolphe Menjou The Front Page Walter Burns
1931/32
(5th)
Wallace BeeryAward winner[B] The Champ Andy "Champ" Purcell [10]
Fredric MarchAward winner[B] Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Dr. Henry L. Jekyll/Edward Hyde
Alfred Lunt The Guardsman The Actor
1932/33
(6th)
Charles LaughtonAward winner The Private Life of Henry VIII King Henry VIII of England [2]
Leslie Howard Berkeley Square Peter Standish
Paul Muni I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang James Allen
1934
(7th)
Clark GableAward winner It Happened One Night Peter Warner [11]
Frank Morgan The Affairs of Cellini Alessandro - Duke of Florence
William Powell The Thin Man Nick Charles
1935
(8th)
Victor McLaglenAward winner The Informer Gypo Nolan [12]
Clark Gable Mutiny on the Bounty Fletcher Christian
Charles Laughton Mutiny on the Bounty William Bligh
Franchot Tone Mutiny on the Bounty Roger Byam
Paul Muni[C] Black Fury Joe Radek
1936
(9th)
Paul MuniAward winner The Story of Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur [13]
Gary Cooper Mr. Deeds Goes to Town Longfellow Deeds
Walter Huston Dodsworth Sam Dodsworth
William Powell My Man Godfrey Godfrey Park
Spencer Tracy San Francisco Father Tim Mullin
1937
(10th)
Spencer TracyAward winner Captains Courageous Manuel [14]
Charles Boyer Conquest Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte
Fredric March A Star Is Born Norman Maine
Robert Montgomery Night Must Fall Danny
Paul Muni The Life of Émile Zola Émile Zola
1938
(11th)
Spencer TracyAward winner Boys Town Father Flanagan [15]
Charles Boyer Algiers Pepe le Moko
James Cagney Angels with Dirty Faces Rocky Sullivan
Robert Donat The Citadel Dr. Andrew Manson
Leslie Howard Pygmalion Professor Henry Higgins
1939
(12th)
Robert DonatAward winner Goodbye, Mr. Chips Charles Edward Chipping [16]
Clark Gable Gone with the Wind Rhett Butler
Laurence Olivier Wuthering Heights Heathcliff
Mickey Rooney Babes in Arms Mickey Moran
James Stewart Mr. Smith Goes to Washington Jefferson Smith
1940
(13th)
James StewartAward winner The Philadelphia Story 'Macaulay "Mike" Connor [17]
Charlie Chaplin The Great Dictator Adenoid Hynkel (Dictator of Tomania)
 A Jewish Barber
Henry Fonda The Grapes of Wrath Tom Joad
Raymond Massey Abe Lincoln in Illinois Abraham Lincoln
Laurence Olivier Rebecca 'Maxim' de Winter
1941
(14th)
Gary CooperAward winner Sergeant York Alvin C. York [18]
Cary Grant Penny Serenade Roger Adams
Walter Huston The Devil and Daniel Webster Mr. Scratch
Robert Montgomery Here Comes Mr. Jordan Joe Pendleton
Orson Welles Citizen Kane Charles Foster Kane
1942
(15th)
James CagneyAward winner Yankee Doodle Dandy George M. Cohan [19]
Ronald Colman Random Harvest Charles Rainier
Gary Cooper The Pride of the Yankees Lou Gehrig
Walter Pidgeon Mrs. Miniver Clem Miniver
Monty Woolley The Pied Piper Howard
1943
(16th)
Paul LukasAward winner Watch on the Rhine Kurt Muller [20]
Humphrey Bogart Casablanca Richard "Rick" Blaine
Gary Cooper For Whom the Bell Tolls Robert Jordan
Walter Pidgeon Madame Curie Pierre Curie
Mickey Rooney The Human Comedy Homer Macauley
1944
(17th)
Bing CrosbyAward winner Going My Way Father Chuck O'Malley [21]
Charles Boyer Gaslight Gregory Anton
Barry Fitzgerald Going My Way Father Fitzgibbon
Cary Grant None but the Lonely Heart Ernie Mott
Alexander Knox Wilson Woodrow Wilson
1945
(18th)
Ray MillandAward winner The Lost Weekend Don Birnam [22]
Bing Crosby The Bells of St. Mary's Father Chuck O'Malley
Gene Kelly Anchors Aweigh Joseph Brady
Gregory Peck The Keys of the Kingdom Father Francis
Cornel Wilde A Song to Remember Frédéric Chopin
1946
(19th)
Fredric MarchAward winner The Best Years of Our Lives Al Stephenson [22]
Laurence Olivier Henry V King Henry V of England
Larry Parks The Jolson Story Al Jolson
Gregory Peck The Yearling Ezra "Penny" Baxter
James Stewart It's a Wonderful Life George Bailey
1947
(20th)
Ronald ColmanAward winner A Double Life Anthony John [23]
John Garfield Body and Soul Charlie Davis
Gregory Peck Gentleman's Agreement Philip Schuyler Green
William Powell Life with Father Clarence Day, Sr.
Michael Redgrave Mourning Becomes Electra Orin Mannon
1948
(21st)
Laurence OlivierAward winner Hamlet Hamlet, Prince of Denmark [24]
Lew Ayres Johnny Belinda Dr. Robert Richardson
Montgomery Clift The Search Ralph "Steve" Stevenson
Dan Dailey When My Baby Smiles at Me "Skid" Johnson
Clifton Webb Sitting Pretty Lynn Aloysius Belvedere
1949
(22nd)
Broderick CrawfordAward winner All the King's Men Willie Stark [25]
Kirk Douglas Champion Michael "Midge" Kelly
Gregory Peck Twelve O'Clock High General Savage
Richard Todd The Hasty Heart Cpl. Lachlan "Lachie" MacLachlan
John Wayne Sands of Iwo Jima Sergeant John M. Stryker
1950
(23rd)
José FerrerAward winner Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac [26]
Louis Calhern The Magnificent Yankee Oliver Wendell Holmes
William Holden Sunset Boulevard Joe Gillis
James Stewart Harvey Elwood P. Dowd
Spencer Tracy Father of the Bride Stanley T. Banks
1951
(24th)
Humphrey BogartAward winner The African Queen Charlie Allnut [27]
Marlon Brando A Streetcar Named Desire Stanley Kowalski
Montgomery Clift A Place in the Sun George Eastman
Arthur Kennedy Bright Victory Larry Nevins
Fredric March Death of a Salesman Willy Loman
1952
(25th)
Gary CooperAward winner High Noon Marshal Will Kane [28]
Marlon Brando Viva Zapata! Emiliano Zapata
Kirk Douglas The Bad and the Beautiful Jonathan Shields
José Ferrer Moulin Rouge Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
 The Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec
Alec Guinness The Lavender Hill Mob Henry Holland
1953
(26th)
William HoldenAward winner Stalag 17 Sgt. J.J. Sefton [29]
Marlon Brando Julius Caesar Mark Antony
Richard Burton The Robe Marcellus Gallio
Montgomery Clift From Here to Eternity Pvt. Robert E. Lee 'Prew' Prewitt
Burt Lancaster From Here to Eternity 1st Sgt. Milton Warden
1954
(27th)
Marlon BrandoAward winner On the Waterfront Terry Malloy [30]
Humphrey Bogart The Caine Mutiny Lt. Cmdr. Philip Francis Queeg
Bing Crosby The Country Girl Frank Elgin
James Mason A Star Is Born Norman Maine
Dan O'Herlihy Adventures of Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe
1955
(28th)
Ernest BorgnineAward winner Marty Marty Piletti [31]
James Cagney Love Me or Leave Me Martin Snyder
James Dean (posthumous nomination) East of Eden Cal Trask
Frank Sinatra The Man with the Golden Arm Frankie Machine
Spencer Tracy Bad Day at Black Rock John J. Macreedy
1956
(29th)
Yul BrynnerAward winner The King and I King Mongkut of Siam [32]
James Dean (posthumous nomination) Giant Jett Rink
Kirk Douglas Lust for Life Vincent van Gogh
Rock Hudson Giant Jordan "Bick" Benedict Jr.
Laurence Olivier Richard III King Richard III of England
1957
(30th)
Alec GuinnessAward winner The Bridge on the River Kwai Colonel Nicholson [33]
Marlon Brando Sayonara Major Lloyd "Ace" Gruver, USAF
Anthony Franciosa A Hatful of Rain Polo Pope
Charles Laughton Witness for the Prosecution Sir Wilfrid Robarts
Anthony Quinn Wild Is the Wind Gino
1958
(31st)
David NivenAward winner Separate Tables Major Angus Pollock [34]
Tony Curtis The Defiant Ones John 'Joker' Jackson
Paul Newman Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Brick Pollitt
Sidney Poitier The Defiant Ones Noah Cullen
Spencer Tracy The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man
1959
(32nd)
Charlton HestonAward winner Ben-Hur Judah Ben-Hur [35]
Laurence Harvey Room at the Top Joe Lampton
Jack Lemmon Some Like It Hot Jerry
Paul Muni The Last Angry Man Dr. Sam Abelman
James Stewart Anatomy of a Murder Paul Biegler
1960
(33rd)
Burt LancasterAward winner Elmer Gantry Elmer Gantry [36]
Trevor Howard Sons and Lovers Walter Morel
Jack Lemmon The Apartment C. C. "Bud" Baxter
Laurence Olivier The Entertainer Archie Rice
Spencer Tracy Inherit the Wind Henry Drummond
1961
(34th)
Maximilian SchellAward winner Judgment at Nuremberg Hans Rolfe [37]
Charles Boyer Fanny Cesar
Paul Newman The Hustler Eddie Felson
Spencer Tracy Judgment at Nuremberg Chief Judge Dan Haywood
Stuart Whitman The Mark Jim Fuller
1962
(35th)
Gregory PeckAward winner To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus Finch [38]
Burt Lancaster Birdman of Alcatraz Robert Franklin Stroud
Jack Lemmon Days of Wine and Roses Joe Clay
Marcello Mastroianni Divorce, Italian Style Ferdinando Cefalù
Peter O'Toole Lawrence of Arabia T. E. Lawrence
1963
(36th)
Sidney PoitierAward winner Lilies of the Field Homer Smith [39]
Albert Finney Tom Jones Tom Jones
Richard Harris This Sporting Life Frank Machin
Rex Harrison Cleopatra Julius Caesar
Paul Newman Hud Hud Bannon
1964
(37th)
Rex HarrisonAward winner My Fair Lady Professor Henry Higgins [40]
Richard Burton Becket Thomas Becket
Peter O'Toole Becket King Henry II of England
Anthony Quinn Zorba the Greek Alexis Zorba
Peter Sellers Dr. Strangelove Group Captain Lionel Mandrake
 President Merkin Muffley
 Dr. Strangelove
1965
(38th)
Lee MarvinAward winner Cat Ballou Kid Shelleen
 Tim Strawn [41]
Richard Burton The Spy Who Came in from the Cold Alec Leamas
Laurence Olivier Othello Othello
Rod Steiger The Pawnbroker Sol Nazerman
Oskar Werner Ship of Fools Willie Schumann
1966
(39th)
Paul ScofieldAward winner A Man for All Seasons Sir Thomas More [42]
Alan Arkin The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming Lt. Rozanov
Richard Burton Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? George
Michael Caine Alfie Alfie Elkins
Steve McQueen The Sand Pebbles Jake Holman
1967
(40th)
Rod SteigerAward winner In the Heat of the Night Police Chief Bill Gillespie [43]
Warren Beatty Bonnie and Clyde Clyde Barrow
Dustin Hoffman The Graduate Benjamin Braddock
Paul Newman Cool Hand Luke Lucas "Cool Hand Luke" Jackson
Spencer Tracy (posthumous nomination) Guess Who's Coming to Dinner Matt Drayton
1968
(41st)
Cliff RobertsonAward winner Charly Charly Gordon [44]
Alan Arkin The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter John Singer
Alan Bates The Fixer Yakov Bok
Ron Moody Oliver! Fagin
Peter O'Toole The Lion in Winter King Henry II of England
1969
(42nd)
John WayneAward winner True Grit Rooster Cogburn [45]
Richard Burton Anne of the Thousand Days King Henry VIII of England
Dustin Hoffman Midnight Cowboy Enrico Salvatore "Ratso" "Rico" Rizzo
Peter O'Toole Goodbye, Mr. Chips Arthur Chipping
Jon Voight Midnight Cowboy Joe Buck
1970
(43rd)
George C. ScottAward winner Patton General George S. Patton, Jr. [46]
Melvyn Douglas I Never Sang for My Father Tom Garrison
James Earl Jones The Great White Hope Jack Jefferson
Jack Nicholson Five Easy Pieces Robert Eroica Dupea
Ryan O'Neal Love Story Oliver Barrett IV
1971
(44th)
Gene HackmanAward winner The French Connection Detective Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle [47]
Peter Finch Sunday Bloody Sunday Dr. Daniel Hirsh
Walter Matthau Kotch Joseph P. Kotcher
George C. Scott The Hospital Dr. Herbert Bock
Chaim Topol Fiddler on the Roof Tevye
1972
(45th)
Marlon BrandoAward winner The Godfather Vito Corleone [48]
Michael Caine Sleuth Milo Tindle
Laurence Olivier Sleuth Andrew Wyke
Peter O'Toole The Ruling Class Jack Gurney, 14th Earl of Gurney
Paul Winfield Sounder Nathan Lee Morgan
1973
(46th)
Jack LemmonAward winner Save the Tiger Harry Stoner [49]
Marlon Brando Last Tango in Paris Paul
Jack Nicholson The Last Detail Signalman First Class Billy L. "Badass" Buddusky
Al Pacino Serpico Frank "Paco" Serpico
Robert Redford The Sting Johnny "Kelly" Hooker
1974
(47th)
Art CarneyAward winner Harry and Tonto Harry Coombes [50]
Albert Finney Murder on the Orient Express Hercule Poirot
Dustin Hoffman Lenny Lenny Bruce
Jack Nicholson Chinatown J. J. "Jake" Gittes
Al Pacino The Godfather Part II Michael Corleone
1975
(48th)
Jack NicholsonAward winner One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest Randle Patrick "Mac" McMurphy [51]
Walter Matthau The Sunshine Boys Willy Clark
Al Pacino Dog Day Afternoon Sonny Wortzik
Maximilian Schell The Man in the Glass Booth Arthur Goldman
James Whitmore Give 'em Hell, Harry! Harry S. Truman
1976
(49th)
Peter FinchAward winner (posthumous win) Network Howard Beale [52]
Robert De Niro Taxi Driver Travis Bickle
Giancarlo Giannini Seven Beauties Pasqualino Frafuso
William Holden Network Max Schumacher
Sylvester Stallone Rocky Rocky Balboa
1977
(50th)
Richard DreyfussAward winner The Goodbye Girl Elliot Garfield [53]
Woody Allen Annie Hall Alvy Singer
Richard Burton Equus Martin Dysart
Marcello Mastroianni A Special Day Gabriele
John Travolta Saturday Night Fever Anthony "Tony" Manero
1978
(51st)
Jon VoightAward winner Coming Home Luke Martin [54]
Warren Beatty Heaven Can Wait Joe Pendleton
Gary Busey The Buddy Holly Story Buddy Holly
Robert De Niro The Deer Hunter Michael Vronsky
Laurence Olivier The Boys from Brazil Ezra Lieberman
1979
(52nd)
Dustin HoffmanAward winner Kramer vs. Kramer Ted Kramer [55]
Jack Lemmon The China Syndrome Jack Godell
Al Pacino ...And Justice for All Arthur Kirkland
Roy Scheider All That Jazz Joe Gideon
Peter Sellers Being There Chance the Gardener aka Chauncey Gardiner
1980
(53rd)
Robert De NiroAward winner Raging Bull Jake LaMotta [56]
Robert Duvall The Great Santini Lieutenant Colonel Wilbur "Bull" Meechum
John Hurt The Elephant Man John Merrick
Jack Lemmon Tribute Scottie Templeton
Peter O'Toole The Stunt Man Eli Cross
1981
(54th)
Henry FondaAward winner On Golden Pond Norman Thayer, Jr. [57]
Warren Beatty Reds John Silas "Jack" Reed
Burt Lancaster Atlantic City Lou Pascal
Dudley Moore Arthur Arthur Bach
Paul Newman Absence of Malice Michael Colin Gallagher
1982
(55th)
Ben KingsleyAward winner Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi [58]
Dustin Hoffman Tootsie Michael Dorsey, aka Dorothy Michaels
Jack Lemmon Missing Ed Horman
Paul Newman The Verdict Frank Galvin
Peter O'Toole My Favorite Year Alan Swann
1983
(56th)
Robert DuvallAward winner Tender Mercies Mac Sledge [59]
Michael Caine Educating Rita Dr. Frank Bryant
Tom Conti Reuben, Reuben Gowan McGland
Tom Courtenay The Dresser Norman
Albert Finney The Dresser Sir
1984
(57th)
F. Murray AbrahamAward winner Amadeus Antonio Salieri [60]
Jeff Bridges Starman Starman
Albert Finney Under the Volcano Geoffrey Firmin
Tom Hulce Amadeus Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Sam Waterston The Killing Fields Sydney Schanberg
1985
(58th)
William HurtAward winner Kiss of the Spider Woman Luis Molina [61]
Harrison Ford Witness Detective Captain John Book
James Garner Murphy's Romance Murphy Jones
Jack Nicholson Prizzi's Honor Charley Partanna
Jon Voight Runaway Train Oscar "Manny" Manheim
1986
(59th)
Paul NewmanAward winner The Color of Money Fast Eddie Felson [62]
Dexter Gordon Round Midnight Dale Turner
Bob Hoskins Mona Lisa George
William Hurt Children of a Lesser God James Leeds
James Woods Salvador Richard Boyle
1987
(60th)
Michael DouglasAward winner Wall Street Gordon Gekko [63]
William Hurt Broadcast News Tom Grunick
Marcello Mastroianni Dark Eyes Romano
Jack Nicholson Ironweed Francis Phelan
Robin Williams Good Morning, Vietnam Adrian Cronauer
1988
(61st)
Dustin HoffmanAward winner Rain Man Raymond Babbitt, aka Rain Man [64]
Gene Hackman Mississippi Burning Agent Rupert Anderson
Tom Hanks Big Josh Baskin
Edward James Olmos Stand and Deliver Jaime Escalante
Max von Sydow Pelle the Conqueror Lassefar
1989
(62nd)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner My Left Foot Christy Brown [65]
Kenneth Branagh Henry V King Henry V of England
Tom Cruise Born on the Fourth of July Ron Kovic
Morgan Freeman Driving Miss Daisy Hoke Colburn
Robin Williams Dead Poets Society John Charles "Keats" Keating
1990
(63rd)
Jeremy IronsAward winner Reversal of Fortune Claus von Bülow [66]
Kevin Costner Dances with Wolves Lieutenant John J. Dunbar
Robert De Niro Awakenings Leonard Lowe
Gérard Depardieu Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac
Richard Harris The Field "Bull" McCabe
1991
(64th)
Anthony HopkinsAward winner The Silence of the Lambs Dr. Hannibal Lecter [67]
Warren Beatty Bugsy Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel
Robert De Niro Cape Fear Maximilian "Max" Cady
Nick Nolte The Prince of Tides Tom Wingo
Robin Williams The Fisher King Henry "Parry" Sagan
1992
(65th)
Al PacinoAward winner Scent of a Woman Lieutenant Colonel Frank Slade [68]
Robert Downey, Jr. Chaplin Charlie Chaplin
Clint Eastwood Unforgiven William "Will" Munny
Stephen Rea The Crying Game Fergus
Denzel Washington Malcolm X Malcolm X
1993
(66th)
Tom HanksAward winner Philadelphia Andrew Beckett [69]
Daniel Day-Lewis In the Name of the Father Gerry Conlon
Laurence Fishburne What's Love Got to Do with It Ike Turner
Anthony Hopkins The Remains of the Day James Stevens
Liam Neeson Schindler's List Oskar Schindler
1994
(67th)
Tom HanksAward winner Forrest Gump Forrest Gump [70]
Morgan Freeman The Shawshank Redemption Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding
Nigel Hawthorne The Madness of King George King George III of the United Kingdom
Paul Newman Nobody's Fool Donald "Sully" Sullivan
John Travolta Pulp Fiction Vincent Vega
1995
(68th)
Nicolas CageAward winner Leaving Las Vegas Ben Sanderson [71]
Richard Dreyfuss Mr. Holland's Opus Glenn Holland
Anthony Hopkins Nixon Richard Nixon
Sean Penn Dead Man Walking Matthew Poncelet
Massimo Troisi (posthumous nomination) Il Postino Mario Ruoppolo
1996
(69th)
Geoffrey RushAward winner Shine David Helfgott [72]
Tom Cruise Jerry Maguire Jerry Maguire
Ralph Fiennes The English Patient Count Laszlo de Almásy
Woody Harrelson The People vs. Larry Flynt Larry Flynt
Billy Bob Thornton Sling Blade Karl Childers
1997
(70th)
Jack NicholsonAward winner As Good as It Gets Melvin Udall [73]
Matt Damon Good Will Hunting Will Hunting
Robert Duvall The Apostle Euliss "Sonny" Dewey — The Apostle E.F.
Peter Fonda Ulee's Gold Ulysses "Ulee" Jackson
Dustin Hoffman Wag the Dog Stanley Motss
1998
(71st)
Roberto BenigniAward winner Life Is Beautiful Guido Orefice [74]
Tom Hanks Saving Private Ryan Captain John Miller
Ian McKellen Gods and Monsters James Whale
Nick Nolte Affliction Wade Whitehouse
Edward Norton American History X Derek Vinyard
1999
(72nd)
Kevin SpaceyAward winner American Beauty Lester Burnham [75]
Russell Crowe The Insider Jeffrey Wigand
Richard Farnsworth The Straight Story Alvin Straight
Sean Penn Sweet and Lowdown Emmet Ray
Denzel Washington The Hurricane Rubin "The Hurricane" Carter
2000
(73rd)
Russell CroweAward winner Gladiator Maximus Decimus Meridius [76]
Javier Bardem Before Night Falls Reinaldo Arenas
Tom Hanks Cast Away Chuck Noland
Ed Harris Pollock Jackson Pollock
Geoffrey Rush Quills The Marquis de Sade
2001
(74th)
Denzel WashingtonAward winner Training Day Detective Alonzo Harris [77]
Russell Crowe A Beautiful Mind John Forbes Nash, Jr.
Sean Penn I Am Sam Sam Dawson
Will Smith Ali Muhammad Ali
Tom Wilkinson In the Bedroom Dr. Matthew Fowler
2002
(75th)
Adrien BrodyAward winner The Pianist Władysław Szpilman [78]
Nicolas Cage Adaptation. Charlie Kaufman
 Donald Kaufman
Michael Caine The Quiet American Thomas Fowler
Daniel Day-Lewis Gangs of New York William "Bill the Butcher" Cutting
Jack Nicholson About Schmidt Warren R. Schmidt
2003
(76th)
Sean PennAward winner Mystic River Jimmy Markum [79]
Johnny Depp Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Captain Jack Sparrow
Ben Kingsley House of Sand and Fog Massoud Amir Behrani
Jude Law Cold Mountain Inman
Bill Murray Lost in Translation Bob Harris
2004
(77th)
Jamie FoxxAward winner Ray Ray Charles [80]
Don Cheadle Hotel Rwanda Paul Rusesabagina
Johnny Depp Finding Neverland J. M. Barrie
Leonardo DiCaprio The Aviator Howard Hughes
Clint Eastwood Million Dollar Baby Frankie Dunn
2005
(78th)
Philip Seymour HoffmanAward winner Capote Truman Capote [81]
Terrence Howard Hustle & Flow Djay
Heath Ledger Brokeback Mountain Ennis Del Mar
Joaquin Phoenix Walk the Line Johnny Cash
David Strathairn Good Night, and Good Luck Edward R. Murrow
2006
(79th)
Forest WhitakerAward winner The Last King of Scotland Idi Amin [82]
Leonardo DiCaprio Blood Diamond Danny Archer
Ryan Gosling Half Nelson Dan Dunne
Peter O'Toole Venus Maurice
Will Smith The Pursuit of Happyness Chris Gardner
2007
(80th)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner There Will Be Blood Daniel Plainview [83]
George Clooney Michael Clayton Michael Clayton
Johnny Depp Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street Benjamin Barker, aka Sweeney Todd
Tommy Lee Jones In the Valley of Elah Hank Deerfield
Viggo Mortensen Eastern Promises Nikolai Luzhin
2008
(81st)
Sean PennAward winner Milk Harvey Milk [84]
Richard Jenkins The Visitor Walter Vale
Frank Langella Frost/Nixon Richard Nixon
Brad Pitt The Curious Case of Benjamin Button Benjamin Button
Mickey Rourke The Wrestler Randy "The Ram" Robinson
2009
(82nd)
Jeff BridgesAward winner Crazy Heart Otis "Bad" Blake [85]
George Clooney Up in the Air Ryan Bingham
Colin Firth A Single Man George Falconer
Morgan Freeman Invictus Nelson Mandela
Jeremy Renner The Hurt Locker Sergeant First Class William James
2010
(83rd)
Colin FirthAward winner The King's Speech King George VI [86]
Javier Bardem Biutiful Uxbal
Jeff Bridges True Grit Rooster Cogburn
Jesse Eisenberg The Social Network Mark Zuckerberg
James Franco 127 Hours Aron Ralston
2011
(84th)
Jean DujardinAward winner The Artist George Valentin [87]
Demián Bichir A Better Life Carlos Galindo
George Clooney The Descendants Matt King
Gary Oldman Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy George Smiley
Brad Pitt Moneyball Billy Beane
2012
(85th)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner Lincoln Abraham Lincoln [88]
Bradley Cooper Silver Linings Playbook Patrick "Pat" Solitano, Jr.
Hugh Jackman Les Misérables Jean Valjean
Joaquin Phoenix The Master Freddie Quell
Denzel Washington Flight Captain William "Whip" Whitaker
Multiple wins/nominations[edit]

Number
Actor

Wins


3
 Daniel Day-Lewis
2
Marlon Brando
Gary Cooper
Tom Hanks
Dustin Hoffman
Fredric March
Jack Nicholson
Sean Penn
Spencer Tracy
Nominations

9
Laurence Olivier
Spencer Tracy
8
Paul Newman
Jack Nicholson
Peter O'Toole
7
Marlon Brando
Dustin Hoffman
Jack Lemmon

6
 Richard Burton
5
Gary Cooper
Daniel Day-Lewis
Robert De Niro
Tom Hanks
Fredric March
Paul Muni
Al Pacino
Gregory Peck
Sean Penn
James Stewart
4
Warren Beatty
Charles Boyer
Michael Caine
Albert Finney
Burt Lancaster
Denzel Washington
3
Humphrey Bogart
Jeff Bridges
James Cagney
Montgomery Clift
George Clooney
Ronald Colman
Bing Crosby
Russell Crowe
Johnny Depp
Kirk Douglas
Robert Duvall
Morgan Freeman
Clark Gable
William Holden
Anthony Hopkins
William Hurt
Charles Laughton
Marcello Mastroianni
William Powell
Jon Voight
Robin Williams
2
Alan Arkin
Javier Bardem
Nicolas Cage
Tom Cruise
James Dean
Leonardo DiCaprio
Richard Dreyfuss
Clint Eastwood
José Ferrer
Peter Finch
Colin Firth
Henry Fonda
Cary Grant
Alec Guinness
Gene Hackman
Richard Harris
Rex Harrison
Leslie Howard
Walter Huston
Ben Kingsley
Walter Matthau
Robert Montgomery
Nick Nolte
Joaquin Phoenix
Walter Pidgeon
Brad Pitt
Sidney Poitier
Anthony Quinn
Mickey Rooney
Geoffrey Rush
Maximilian Schell
George C. Scott
Peter Sellers
Will Smith
Rod Steiger
John Travolta
John Wayne
Age superlatives[edit]

Record
Actor
Film
Age (in years)

Oldest winner Henry Fonda On Golden Pond 76
Oldest nominee Richard Farnsworth The Straight Story 79
Youngest winner Adrien Brody The Pianist 29
Youngest nominee Jackie Cooper Skippy 9

See also[edit]
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
Critics Choice Movie Award for Best Actor
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
List of Best Actor winners by age
List of Big Five Academy Award winners and nominees
List of superlative Academy Award winners and nominees
List of nominees for the Academy Award for Best Actor (by actor)
List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year
List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories
List of actors nominated for Academy Awards for foreign language performances
List of actors who won the Academy, BAFTA, Golden Globe, SAG, and Critic's Choice Award for a single performance
Notes[edit]
A^ : Rules at the time of the first three ceremonies allowed for a performer to receive a single nomination which could honor their work in more than one film. George Arliss, Maurice Chevalier, and Ronald Colman were all nominated for two different roles in the same category. Current Academy rules forbid this from happening. No official reason was ever given as to why Arliss won the award for only one of the two films he was listed for.[89]B1 2 : Fredric March received one more vote than Wallace Beery. Academy rules at that time considered such a close margin to be a tie, so both March and Beery received the award. Under current Academy rules, however, dual awards are given only for exact ties.[90]C^ : Paul Muni's performance in Black Fury was not nominated for an Oscar. For two years only, the Academy allowed a write-in vote.[91][92] Technically, this meant that any performance was eligible for the award. The decision was made the previous year in response to the controversy surrounding Bette Davis's failure to receive a nomination for Of Human Bondage. Muni came 2nd in the vote, however, the Academy does not recognise Davis or Muni as nominees in these years.[93][94]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule One: Award Definitions". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
2.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Six: Special Rules for the Acting Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c Levy 2003, p. 56
4.Jump up ^ Dirks, Tim. "1929–38 Academy Awards Winners and History". Filmsite (Rainbow Media). Retrieved August 30, 2013.
5.Jump up ^ Martin, Monique (February 2, 2010). "History of the Best Actor Category of the Academy Awards". Associated Content (Yahoo!). Retrieved August 30, 2013.
6.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Two: Eligibility". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 29, 2013.
7.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Two: The Awards Year and Deadline". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
8.^ Jump up to: a b c Levy 2003, p. 52
9.Jump up ^ "The 4th Academy Awards (1931) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
10.Jump up ^ "The 5th Academy Awards (1932) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
11.Jump up ^ "The 7th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
12.Jump up ^ "The 8th Academy Awards (1936) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
13.Jump up ^ "The 9th Academy Awards (1937) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
14.Jump up ^ "The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
15.Jump up ^ "The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
16.Jump up ^ "The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
17.Jump up ^ "The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
18.Jump up ^ "The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
19.Jump up ^ "The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
20.Jump up ^ "The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
21.Jump up ^ "The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
22.^ Jump up to: a b "The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
23.Jump up ^ "The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
24.Jump up ^ "The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
25.Jump up ^ "The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
26.Jump up ^ "The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
27.Jump up ^ "The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
28.Jump up ^ "The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
29.Jump up ^ "The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
30.Jump up ^ "The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
31.Jump up ^ "The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
32.Jump up ^ "The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
33.Jump up ^ "The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
34.Jump up ^ "The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
35.Jump up ^ "The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
36.Jump up ^ "The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
37.Jump up ^ "The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
38.Jump up ^ "The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
39.Jump up ^ "The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
40.Jump up ^ "The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
41.Jump up ^ "The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
42.Jump up ^ "The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
43.Jump up ^ "The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
44.Jump up ^ "The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
45.Jump up ^ "The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
46.Jump up ^ "The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
47.Jump up ^ "The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
48.Jump up ^ "The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
49.Jump up ^ "The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
50.Jump up ^ "The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
51.Jump up ^ "The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
52.Jump up ^ "The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
53.Jump up ^ "The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
54.Jump up ^ "The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
55.Jump up ^ "The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
56.Jump up ^ "The 53rd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
57.Jump up ^ "The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
58.Jump up ^ "The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
59.Jump up ^ "The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
60.Jump up ^ "The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
61.Jump up ^ "The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
62.Jump up ^ "The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
63.Jump up ^ "The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
64.Jump up ^ "The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
65.Jump up ^ "The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
66.Jump up ^ "The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
67.Jump up ^ "The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
68.Jump up ^ "The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
69.Jump up ^ "The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
70.Jump up ^ "The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
71.Jump up ^ "The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
72.Jump up ^ "The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
73.Jump up ^ "The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
74.Jump up ^ "The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
75.Jump up ^ "The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
76.Jump up ^ "The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
77.Jump up ^ "The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
78.Jump up ^ "The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
79.Jump up ^ "The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
80.Jump up ^ "The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
81.Jump up ^ "The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
82.Jump up ^ "The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
83.Jump up ^ "The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
84.Jump up ^ "The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
85.Jump up ^ "The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
86.Jump up ^ "The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
87.Jump up ^ "The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
88.Jump up ^ "The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
89.Jump up ^ Rooney, David (November 25, 2003). "On the double-bubble". Retrieved August 30, 2013.
90.Jump up ^ Levy 2003, p. 116
91.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 1002
92.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 10045
93.Jump up ^ Levy 2003, p. 51
94.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 65
Bibliography[edit]
Wiley, Mason; Bona, Damien (1996), Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards (5 ed.), New York, United States: Ballantine Books, ISBN 0-345-40053-4, OCLC 779680732
Levy, Emanuel (2003), All About Oscar: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards, New York, United States: Continuum International Publishing Group, ISBN 0-8264-1452-4
External links[edit]
Oscars.org (official Academy site)
Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional site)
The Academy Awards Database (official site)
Complete Downloadable List of Academy Award Nominees


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Academy Award for Best Actor
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Academy Award for Best Actor
 85th Academy Awards
Awarded for
Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role
Country
United States
Presented by
AMPAS
First awarded
1929
Currently held by
Daniel Day-Lewis,
Lincoln (2012)
Official website
www.oscars.org
The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It was first awarded at the 1st Academy Awards ceremony, held in 1929; Emil Jannings received the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh and it is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry.[1] Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.[2]
In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award.[3] However, during the 3rd ceremony held in 1930, only one of those films was cited in each winner's final award, even though each of the acting winners had two films following their names on the ballots.[4] The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film.[3] Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year.[3]
Since its inception, the award has been given to 76 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis was the most recent winner in this category for his role in Lincoln. At the ceremony held in 2013, Day-Lewis also became the first actor to win in this category three times, surpassing Marlon Brando, Gary Cooper, Tom Hanks, Dustin Hoffman, Fredric March, Jack Nicholson, Sean Penn, and Spencer Tracy who all have two wins. Tracy and Laurence Olivier have been nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor.[5]


Contents  [hide]
1 Winners and nominees
2 Multiple wins/nominations
3 Age superlatives
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 Bibliography
8 External links

Winners and nominees[edit]
In the following tables, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County; the ceremonies are always held the following year.[6][7] For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31.[8] For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932 to December 31, 1933.[8] Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.[8]



A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black tie.

A man wearing a grey suit including a white shirt and black tie.
Wallace Beery (top) and Fredric March (bottom) tied in 1931 for their roles in The Champ (Beery) and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (March). March would also win in 1946 for The Best Years of Our Lives.

A man wearing a hat and a long coat and pants, he is surrounded by people.

Emil Jannings was the first winner in this category for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh.
A man wearing a white and black hat with a grey suite including a white shirt.

Warner Baxter won in 1928 for his role in In Old Arizona.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black tie.

George Arliss won in 1929 for his role in Disraeli.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and a tie.

Lionel Barrymore won in 1930 for his role in A Free Soul.
A man wearing a black suit including a pattern tie.

Clark Gable won in 1934 for his role in It Happened One Night.
A man wearing a suit including a tie.

Spencer Tracy was the first actor to win this category two consecutive years, having won in both 1937 and 1938 for his roles in Captains Courageous and Boys Town including six other nominations.
A man wearing a hat with white shirt.

Bing Crosby won in 1944 for his role in Going My Way.
A man wearing a coat.

Ronald Colman won in 1947 for his role in A Double Life.
A man wearing a black suite including white shirt and a tie.

Laurence Olivier won in 1948 for his role as the titular character in Hamlet, a film which he himself directed.
A man wearing a blavk top.

 Broderick Crawford won in 1949 for his role in All the King's Men.
A man wearing a coat with buttons.

Marlon Brando won two from seven nominations for his roles in On the Waterfront and The Godfather.
A man wearing a grey suite including a white shirt and a tie.

Gregory Peck won in 1962 for his role in To Kill a Mockingbird.
A man wearing a hat with white shirt.

Sidney Poitier won in 1963 for his lead role in Lilies of the Field, thus becoming the first black actor to win an Oscar.
A man wearing a black suite including a pink shirt and a black tie.

 Paul Scofield won in 1966 for his role in A Man for All Seasons.
A man wearing a grey suite including a white black shirt.

 Rod Steiger won in 1967 for his role in In the Heat of the Night.
A man wearing a cowboy suit including a hat and a scarf .

John Wayne won in 1969 for his role in True Grit.
=Photograph man wearing sunglasses and a black suite including a white shirt and tie.

Jack Nicholson won two from eight nominations for his performances in 1975's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and 1997's As Good as It Gets.
A man wearing a black suite including a white shirt and purple tie.

Peter Finch won posthumously for his performance in 1976's Network.
A man wearing a black suit with a blue shirt.

Dustin Hoffman won twice from seven nominations for his roles in Kramer vs. Kramer and Rain Man.
A man wearing a brown sweater including a red shirt.

Robert De Niro was nominated five times, winning once in 1980 for his role as Jake LaMotta in Raging Bull.
A man wearing a grey suit including a tie.

 At age 76, Henry Fonda was the oldest winner in this category for his role in the 1981 film On Golden Pond.
A man wearing a blue sweater including a black shirt.

Michael Douglas won in 1987 for his role in Wall Street.
A man wearing a black and white hat including a beige suit and white shirt.

Anthony Hopkins was nominated three times, winning once in 1991 for his role as Dr. Hannibal Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs.
A man wearing black suite with a black shirt. He is also wearing a long necklace.

Al Pacino was nominated five times, winning once in 1992 for his role in Scent of a Woman.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and a tie with polkadots.

Tom Hanks won two consecutive awards in 1993 and 1994 for his roles in Philadelphia and Forrest Gump.
A man wearing a black suit including a red shirt.

 By virtue of his win 1998 for Life is Beautiful, Roberto Benigni became the second actor to win for a role in a film he directed himself.
A man wearing a blue shirt.

Denzel Washington won in 2001 for his role in Training Day.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and black bowtie.

 At age 29, Adrien Brody became the youngest winner for Best Actor for his performance in The Pianist.
A man wearing a black suit including a black shirt and tie.

Sean Penn won twice from five nominations for his roles in Mystic River and Milk.
A man wearing a black shirts.

Jamie Foxx won in 2004 for his role as singer Ray Charles in Ray.
A man wearing a beige top.

 Jeff Bridges won in 2009 for his performance in Crazy Heart.
A man wearing a black suit including a white shirt and bow tie.

Jean Dujardin won in 2011 for his role in The Artist.
Daniel Day-Lewis.

Daniel Day-Lewis became the first actor ever to win this award 3 times for his performances in My Left Foot, There Will Be Blood and Lincoln.
Key
Explanation
double-dagger Indicates the winning actor

Year
Actor
Film
Role
Ref

1927/28
(1st)
Emil JanningsAward winner The Last Command
The Way of All Flesh Grand Duke Sergius Alexander
 August Schilling [1]
Richard Barthelmess The Noose
The Patent Leather Kid Nickie Elkins
 Patent Leather Kid
1928/29
(2nd)
Warner BaxterAward winner In Old Arizona The Cisco Kid [6]
George Bancroft Thunderbolt Thunderbolt Jim Lang
Chester Morris Alibi Chick Williams (No. 1065)
Paul Muni The Valiant James Dyke
Lewis Stone The Patriot Count Pahlen
1929/30
(3rd)
George ArlissAward winner[A] Disraeli Benjamin Disraeli [7]
George Arliss[A] The Green Goddess The Raja of Rukh
Wallace Beery The Big House 'Machine Gun' Butch Schmidt
Maurice Chevalier[A] The Big Pond
The Love Parade Pierre Mirande
 Count Alfred Renard
Ronald Colman[A] Bulldog Drummond
Condemned Capt. Hugh 'Bulldog' Drummond
 Michel
Lawrence Tibbett The Rogue Song Yegor
1930/31
(4th)
Lionel BarrymoreAward winner A Free Soul Stephen Ashe [9]
Jackie Cooper Skippy Skippy Skinner
Richard Dix Cimarron Yancey Cravat
Fredric March The Royal Family of Broadway Tony Cavendish
Adolphe Menjou The Front Page Walter Burns
1931/32
(5th)
Wallace BeeryAward winner[B] The Champ Andy "Champ" Purcell [10]
Fredric MarchAward winner[B] Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Dr. Henry L. Jekyll/Edward Hyde
Alfred Lunt The Guardsman The Actor
1932/33
(6th)
Charles LaughtonAward winner The Private Life of Henry VIII King Henry VIII of England [2]
Leslie Howard Berkeley Square Peter Standish
Paul Muni I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang James Allen
1934
(7th)
Clark GableAward winner It Happened One Night Peter Warner [11]
Frank Morgan The Affairs of Cellini Alessandro - Duke of Florence
William Powell The Thin Man Nick Charles
1935
(8th)
Victor McLaglenAward winner The Informer Gypo Nolan [12]
Clark Gable Mutiny on the Bounty Fletcher Christian
Charles Laughton Mutiny on the Bounty William Bligh
Franchot Tone Mutiny on the Bounty Roger Byam
Paul Muni[C] Black Fury Joe Radek
1936
(9th)
Paul MuniAward winner The Story of Louis Pasteur Louis Pasteur [13]
Gary Cooper Mr. Deeds Goes to Town Longfellow Deeds
Walter Huston Dodsworth Sam Dodsworth
William Powell My Man Godfrey Godfrey Park
Spencer Tracy San Francisco Father Tim Mullin
1937
(10th)
Spencer TracyAward winner Captains Courageous Manuel [14]
Charles Boyer Conquest Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte
Fredric March A Star Is Born Norman Maine
Robert Montgomery Night Must Fall Danny
Paul Muni The Life of Émile Zola Émile Zola
1938
(11th)
Spencer TracyAward winner Boys Town Father Flanagan [15]
Charles Boyer Algiers Pepe le Moko
James Cagney Angels with Dirty Faces Rocky Sullivan
Robert Donat The Citadel Dr. Andrew Manson
Leslie Howard Pygmalion Professor Henry Higgins
1939
(12th)
Robert DonatAward winner Goodbye, Mr. Chips Charles Edward Chipping [16]
Clark Gable Gone with the Wind Rhett Butler
Laurence Olivier Wuthering Heights Heathcliff
Mickey Rooney Babes in Arms Mickey Moran
James Stewart Mr. Smith Goes to Washington Jefferson Smith
1940
(13th)
James StewartAward winner The Philadelphia Story 'Macaulay "Mike" Connor [17]
Charlie Chaplin The Great Dictator Adenoid Hynkel (Dictator of Tomania)
 A Jewish Barber
Henry Fonda The Grapes of Wrath Tom Joad
Raymond Massey Abe Lincoln in Illinois Abraham Lincoln
Laurence Olivier Rebecca 'Maxim' de Winter
1941
(14th)
Gary CooperAward winner Sergeant York Alvin C. York [18]
Cary Grant Penny Serenade Roger Adams
Walter Huston The Devil and Daniel Webster Mr. Scratch
Robert Montgomery Here Comes Mr. Jordan Joe Pendleton
Orson Welles Citizen Kane Charles Foster Kane
1942
(15th)
James CagneyAward winner Yankee Doodle Dandy George M. Cohan [19]
Ronald Colman Random Harvest Charles Rainier
Gary Cooper The Pride of the Yankees Lou Gehrig
Walter Pidgeon Mrs. Miniver Clem Miniver
Monty Woolley The Pied Piper Howard
1943
(16th)
Paul LukasAward winner Watch on the Rhine Kurt Muller [20]
Humphrey Bogart Casablanca Richard "Rick" Blaine
Gary Cooper For Whom the Bell Tolls Robert Jordan
Walter Pidgeon Madame Curie Pierre Curie
Mickey Rooney The Human Comedy Homer Macauley
1944
(17th)
Bing CrosbyAward winner Going My Way Father Chuck O'Malley [21]
Charles Boyer Gaslight Gregory Anton
Barry Fitzgerald Going My Way Father Fitzgibbon
Cary Grant None but the Lonely Heart Ernie Mott
Alexander Knox Wilson Woodrow Wilson
1945
(18th)
Ray MillandAward winner The Lost Weekend Don Birnam [22]
Bing Crosby The Bells of St. Mary's Father Chuck O'Malley
Gene Kelly Anchors Aweigh Joseph Brady
Gregory Peck The Keys of the Kingdom Father Francis
Cornel Wilde A Song to Remember Frédéric Chopin
1946
(19th)
Fredric MarchAward winner The Best Years of Our Lives Al Stephenson [22]
Laurence Olivier Henry V King Henry V of England
Larry Parks The Jolson Story Al Jolson
Gregory Peck The Yearling Ezra "Penny" Baxter
James Stewart It's a Wonderful Life George Bailey
1947
(20th)
Ronald ColmanAward winner A Double Life Anthony John [23]
John Garfield Body and Soul Charlie Davis
Gregory Peck Gentleman's Agreement Philip Schuyler Green
William Powell Life with Father Clarence Day, Sr.
Michael Redgrave Mourning Becomes Electra Orin Mannon
1948
(21st)
Laurence OlivierAward winner Hamlet Hamlet, Prince of Denmark [24]
Lew Ayres Johnny Belinda Dr. Robert Richardson
Montgomery Clift The Search Ralph "Steve" Stevenson
Dan Dailey When My Baby Smiles at Me "Skid" Johnson
Clifton Webb Sitting Pretty Lynn Aloysius Belvedere
1949
(22nd)
Broderick CrawfordAward winner All the King's Men Willie Stark [25]
Kirk Douglas Champion Michael "Midge" Kelly
Gregory Peck Twelve O'Clock High General Savage
Richard Todd The Hasty Heart Cpl. Lachlan "Lachie" MacLachlan
John Wayne Sands of Iwo Jima Sergeant John M. Stryker
1950
(23rd)
José FerrerAward winner Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac [26]
Louis Calhern The Magnificent Yankee Oliver Wendell Holmes
William Holden Sunset Boulevard Joe Gillis
James Stewart Harvey Elwood P. Dowd
Spencer Tracy Father of the Bride Stanley T. Banks
1951
(24th)
Humphrey BogartAward winner The African Queen Charlie Allnut [27]
Marlon Brando A Streetcar Named Desire Stanley Kowalski
Montgomery Clift A Place in the Sun George Eastman
Arthur Kennedy Bright Victory Larry Nevins
Fredric March Death of a Salesman Willy Loman
1952
(25th)
Gary CooperAward winner High Noon Marshal Will Kane [28]
Marlon Brando Viva Zapata! Emiliano Zapata
Kirk Douglas The Bad and the Beautiful Jonathan Shields
José Ferrer Moulin Rouge Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
 The Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec
Alec Guinness The Lavender Hill Mob Henry Holland
1953
(26th)
William HoldenAward winner Stalag 17 Sgt. J.J. Sefton [29]
Marlon Brando Julius Caesar Mark Antony
Richard Burton The Robe Marcellus Gallio
Montgomery Clift From Here to Eternity Pvt. Robert E. Lee 'Prew' Prewitt
Burt Lancaster From Here to Eternity 1st Sgt. Milton Warden
1954
(27th)
Marlon BrandoAward winner On the Waterfront Terry Malloy [30]
Humphrey Bogart The Caine Mutiny Lt. Cmdr. Philip Francis Queeg
Bing Crosby The Country Girl Frank Elgin
James Mason A Star Is Born Norman Maine
Dan O'Herlihy Adventures of Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe
1955
(28th)
Ernest BorgnineAward winner Marty Marty Piletti [31]
James Cagney Love Me or Leave Me Martin Snyder
James Dean (posthumous nomination) East of Eden Cal Trask
Frank Sinatra The Man with the Golden Arm Frankie Machine
Spencer Tracy Bad Day at Black Rock John J. Macreedy
1956
(29th)
Yul BrynnerAward winner The King and I King Mongkut of Siam [32]
James Dean (posthumous nomination) Giant Jett Rink
Kirk Douglas Lust for Life Vincent van Gogh
Rock Hudson Giant Jordan "Bick" Benedict Jr.
Laurence Olivier Richard III King Richard III of England
1957
(30th)
Alec GuinnessAward winner The Bridge on the River Kwai Colonel Nicholson [33]
Marlon Brando Sayonara Major Lloyd "Ace" Gruver, USAF
Anthony Franciosa A Hatful of Rain Polo Pope
Charles Laughton Witness for the Prosecution Sir Wilfrid Robarts
Anthony Quinn Wild Is the Wind Gino
1958
(31st)
David NivenAward winner Separate Tables Major Angus Pollock [34]
Tony Curtis The Defiant Ones John 'Joker' Jackson
Paul Newman Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Brick Pollitt
Sidney Poitier The Defiant Ones Noah Cullen
Spencer Tracy The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man
1959
(32nd)
Charlton HestonAward winner Ben-Hur Judah Ben-Hur [35]
Laurence Harvey Room at the Top Joe Lampton
Jack Lemmon Some Like It Hot Jerry
Paul Muni The Last Angry Man Dr. Sam Abelman
James Stewart Anatomy of a Murder Paul Biegler
1960
(33rd)
Burt LancasterAward winner Elmer Gantry Elmer Gantry [36]
Trevor Howard Sons and Lovers Walter Morel
Jack Lemmon The Apartment C. C. "Bud" Baxter
Laurence Olivier The Entertainer Archie Rice
Spencer Tracy Inherit the Wind Henry Drummond
1961
(34th)
Maximilian SchellAward winner Judgment at Nuremberg Hans Rolfe [37]
Charles Boyer Fanny Cesar
Paul Newman The Hustler Eddie Felson
Spencer Tracy Judgment at Nuremberg Chief Judge Dan Haywood
Stuart Whitman The Mark Jim Fuller
1962
(35th)
Gregory PeckAward winner To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus Finch [38]
Burt Lancaster Birdman of Alcatraz Robert Franklin Stroud
Jack Lemmon Days of Wine and Roses Joe Clay
Marcello Mastroianni Divorce, Italian Style Ferdinando Cefalù
Peter O'Toole Lawrence of Arabia T. E. Lawrence
1963
(36th)
Sidney PoitierAward winner Lilies of the Field Homer Smith [39]
Albert Finney Tom Jones Tom Jones
Richard Harris This Sporting Life Frank Machin
Rex Harrison Cleopatra Julius Caesar
Paul Newman Hud Hud Bannon
1964
(37th)
Rex HarrisonAward winner My Fair Lady Professor Henry Higgins [40]
Richard Burton Becket Thomas Becket
Peter O'Toole Becket King Henry II of England
Anthony Quinn Zorba the Greek Alexis Zorba
Peter Sellers Dr. Strangelove Group Captain Lionel Mandrake
 President Merkin Muffley
 Dr. Strangelove
1965
(38th)
Lee MarvinAward winner Cat Ballou Kid Shelleen
 Tim Strawn [41]
Richard Burton The Spy Who Came in from the Cold Alec Leamas
Laurence Olivier Othello Othello
Rod Steiger The Pawnbroker Sol Nazerman
Oskar Werner Ship of Fools Willie Schumann
1966
(39th)
Paul ScofieldAward winner A Man for All Seasons Sir Thomas More [42]
Alan Arkin The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming Lt. Rozanov
Richard Burton Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? George
Michael Caine Alfie Alfie Elkins
Steve McQueen The Sand Pebbles Jake Holman
1967
(40th)
Rod SteigerAward winner In the Heat of the Night Police Chief Bill Gillespie [43]
Warren Beatty Bonnie and Clyde Clyde Barrow
Dustin Hoffman The Graduate Benjamin Braddock
Paul Newman Cool Hand Luke Lucas "Cool Hand Luke" Jackson
Spencer Tracy (posthumous nomination) Guess Who's Coming to Dinner Matt Drayton
1968
(41st)
Cliff RobertsonAward winner Charly Charly Gordon [44]
Alan Arkin The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter John Singer
Alan Bates The Fixer Yakov Bok
Ron Moody Oliver! Fagin
Peter O'Toole The Lion in Winter King Henry II of England
1969
(42nd)
John WayneAward winner True Grit Rooster Cogburn [45]
Richard Burton Anne of the Thousand Days King Henry VIII of England
Dustin Hoffman Midnight Cowboy Enrico Salvatore "Ratso" "Rico" Rizzo
Peter O'Toole Goodbye, Mr. Chips Arthur Chipping
Jon Voight Midnight Cowboy Joe Buck
1970
(43rd)
George C. ScottAward winner Patton General George S. Patton, Jr. [46]
Melvyn Douglas I Never Sang for My Father Tom Garrison
James Earl Jones The Great White Hope Jack Jefferson
Jack Nicholson Five Easy Pieces Robert Eroica Dupea
Ryan O'Neal Love Story Oliver Barrett IV
1971
(44th)
Gene HackmanAward winner The French Connection Detective Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle [47]
Peter Finch Sunday Bloody Sunday Dr. Daniel Hirsh
Walter Matthau Kotch Joseph P. Kotcher
George C. Scott The Hospital Dr. Herbert Bock
Chaim Topol Fiddler on the Roof Tevye
1972
(45th)
Marlon BrandoAward winner The Godfather Vito Corleone [48]
Michael Caine Sleuth Milo Tindle
Laurence Olivier Sleuth Andrew Wyke
Peter O'Toole The Ruling Class Jack Gurney, 14th Earl of Gurney
Paul Winfield Sounder Nathan Lee Morgan
1973
(46th)
Jack LemmonAward winner Save the Tiger Harry Stoner [49]
Marlon Brando Last Tango in Paris Paul
Jack Nicholson The Last Detail Signalman First Class Billy L. "Badass" Buddusky
Al Pacino Serpico Frank "Paco" Serpico
Robert Redford The Sting Johnny "Kelly" Hooker
1974
(47th)
Art CarneyAward winner Harry and Tonto Harry Coombes [50]
Albert Finney Murder on the Orient Express Hercule Poirot
Dustin Hoffman Lenny Lenny Bruce
Jack Nicholson Chinatown J. J. "Jake" Gittes
Al Pacino The Godfather Part II Michael Corleone
1975
(48th)
Jack NicholsonAward winner One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest Randle Patrick "Mac" McMurphy [51]
Walter Matthau The Sunshine Boys Willy Clark
Al Pacino Dog Day Afternoon Sonny Wortzik
Maximilian Schell The Man in the Glass Booth Arthur Goldman
James Whitmore Give 'em Hell, Harry! Harry S. Truman
1976
(49th)
Peter FinchAward winner (posthumous win) Network Howard Beale [52]
Robert De Niro Taxi Driver Travis Bickle
Giancarlo Giannini Seven Beauties Pasqualino Frafuso
William Holden Network Max Schumacher
Sylvester Stallone Rocky Rocky Balboa
1977
(50th)
Richard DreyfussAward winner The Goodbye Girl Elliot Garfield [53]
Woody Allen Annie Hall Alvy Singer
Richard Burton Equus Martin Dysart
Marcello Mastroianni A Special Day Gabriele
John Travolta Saturday Night Fever Anthony "Tony" Manero
1978
(51st)
Jon VoightAward winner Coming Home Luke Martin [54]
Warren Beatty Heaven Can Wait Joe Pendleton
Gary Busey The Buddy Holly Story Buddy Holly
Robert De Niro The Deer Hunter Michael Vronsky
Laurence Olivier The Boys from Brazil Ezra Lieberman
1979
(52nd)
Dustin HoffmanAward winner Kramer vs. Kramer Ted Kramer [55]
Jack Lemmon The China Syndrome Jack Godell
Al Pacino ...And Justice for All Arthur Kirkland
Roy Scheider All That Jazz Joe Gideon
Peter Sellers Being There Chance the Gardener aka Chauncey Gardiner
1980
(53rd)
Robert De NiroAward winner Raging Bull Jake LaMotta [56]
Robert Duvall The Great Santini Lieutenant Colonel Wilbur "Bull" Meechum
John Hurt The Elephant Man John Merrick
Jack Lemmon Tribute Scottie Templeton
Peter O'Toole The Stunt Man Eli Cross
1981
(54th)
Henry FondaAward winner On Golden Pond Norman Thayer, Jr. [57]
Warren Beatty Reds John Silas "Jack" Reed
Burt Lancaster Atlantic City Lou Pascal
Dudley Moore Arthur Arthur Bach
Paul Newman Absence of Malice Michael Colin Gallagher
1982
(55th)
Ben KingsleyAward winner Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi [58]
Dustin Hoffman Tootsie Michael Dorsey, aka Dorothy Michaels
Jack Lemmon Missing Ed Horman
Paul Newman The Verdict Frank Galvin
Peter O'Toole My Favorite Year Alan Swann
1983
(56th)
Robert DuvallAward winner Tender Mercies Mac Sledge [59]
Michael Caine Educating Rita Dr. Frank Bryant
Tom Conti Reuben, Reuben Gowan McGland
Tom Courtenay The Dresser Norman
Albert Finney The Dresser Sir
1984
(57th)
F. Murray AbrahamAward winner Amadeus Antonio Salieri [60]
Jeff Bridges Starman Starman
Albert Finney Under the Volcano Geoffrey Firmin
Tom Hulce Amadeus Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Sam Waterston The Killing Fields Sydney Schanberg
1985
(58th)
William HurtAward winner Kiss of the Spider Woman Luis Molina [61]
Harrison Ford Witness Detective Captain John Book
James Garner Murphy's Romance Murphy Jones
Jack Nicholson Prizzi's Honor Charley Partanna
Jon Voight Runaway Train Oscar "Manny" Manheim
1986
(59th)
Paul NewmanAward winner The Color of Money Fast Eddie Felson [62]
Dexter Gordon Round Midnight Dale Turner
Bob Hoskins Mona Lisa George
William Hurt Children of a Lesser God James Leeds
James Woods Salvador Richard Boyle
1987
(60th)
Michael DouglasAward winner Wall Street Gordon Gekko [63]
William Hurt Broadcast News Tom Grunick
Marcello Mastroianni Dark Eyes Romano
Jack Nicholson Ironweed Francis Phelan
Robin Williams Good Morning, Vietnam Adrian Cronauer
1988
(61st)
Dustin HoffmanAward winner Rain Man Raymond Babbitt, aka Rain Man [64]
Gene Hackman Mississippi Burning Agent Rupert Anderson
Tom Hanks Big Josh Baskin
Edward James Olmos Stand and Deliver Jaime Escalante
Max von Sydow Pelle the Conqueror Lassefar
1989
(62nd)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner My Left Foot Christy Brown [65]
Kenneth Branagh Henry V King Henry V of England
Tom Cruise Born on the Fourth of July Ron Kovic
Morgan Freeman Driving Miss Daisy Hoke Colburn
Robin Williams Dead Poets Society John Charles "Keats" Keating
1990
(63rd)
Jeremy IronsAward winner Reversal of Fortune Claus von Bülow [66]
Kevin Costner Dances with Wolves Lieutenant John J. Dunbar
Robert De Niro Awakenings Leonard Lowe
Gérard Depardieu Cyrano de Bergerac Cyrano de Bergerac
Richard Harris The Field "Bull" McCabe
1991
(64th)
Anthony HopkinsAward winner The Silence of the Lambs Dr. Hannibal Lecter [67]
Warren Beatty Bugsy Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel
Robert De Niro Cape Fear Maximilian "Max" Cady
Nick Nolte The Prince of Tides Tom Wingo
Robin Williams The Fisher King Henry "Parry" Sagan
1992
(65th)
Al PacinoAward winner Scent of a Woman Lieutenant Colonel Frank Slade [68]
Robert Downey, Jr. Chaplin Charlie Chaplin
Clint Eastwood Unforgiven William "Will" Munny
Stephen Rea The Crying Game Fergus
Denzel Washington Malcolm X Malcolm X
1993
(66th)
Tom HanksAward winner Philadelphia Andrew Beckett [69]
Daniel Day-Lewis In the Name of the Father Gerry Conlon
Laurence Fishburne What's Love Got to Do with It Ike Turner
Anthony Hopkins The Remains of the Day James Stevens
Liam Neeson Schindler's List Oskar Schindler
1994
(67th)
Tom HanksAward winner Forrest Gump Forrest Gump [70]
Morgan Freeman The Shawshank Redemption Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding
Nigel Hawthorne The Madness of King George King George III of the United Kingdom
Paul Newman Nobody's Fool Donald "Sully" Sullivan
John Travolta Pulp Fiction Vincent Vega
1995
(68th)
Nicolas CageAward winner Leaving Las Vegas Ben Sanderson [71]
Richard Dreyfuss Mr. Holland's Opus Glenn Holland
Anthony Hopkins Nixon Richard Nixon
Sean Penn Dead Man Walking Matthew Poncelet
Massimo Troisi (posthumous nomination) Il Postino Mario Ruoppolo
1996
(69th)
Geoffrey RushAward winner Shine David Helfgott [72]
Tom Cruise Jerry Maguire Jerry Maguire
Ralph Fiennes The English Patient Count Laszlo de Almásy
Woody Harrelson The People vs. Larry Flynt Larry Flynt
Billy Bob Thornton Sling Blade Karl Childers
1997
(70th)
Jack NicholsonAward winner As Good as It Gets Melvin Udall [73]
Matt Damon Good Will Hunting Will Hunting
Robert Duvall The Apostle Euliss "Sonny" Dewey — The Apostle E.F.
Peter Fonda Ulee's Gold Ulysses "Ulee" Jackson
Dustin Hoffman Wag the Dog Stanley Motss
1998
(71st)
Roberto BenigniAward winner Life Is Beautiful Guido Orefice [74]
Tom Hanks Saving Private Ryan Captain John Miller
Ian McKellen Gods and Monsters James Whale
Nick Nolte Affliction Wade Whitehouse
Edward Norton American History X Derek Vinyard
1999
(72nd)
Kevin SpaceyAward winner American Beauty Lester Burnham [75]
Russell Crowe The Insider Jeffrey Wigand
Richard Farnsworth The Straight Story Alvin Straight
Sean Penn Sweet and Lowdown Emmet Ray
Denzel Washington The Hurricane Rubin "The Hurricane" Carter
2000
(73rd)
Russell CroweAward winner Gladiator Maximus Decimus Meridius [76]
Javier Bardem Before Night Falls Reinaldo Arenas
Tom Hanks Cast Away Chuck Noland
Ed Harris Pollock Jackson Pollock
Geoffrey Rush Quills The Marquis de Sade
2001
(74th)
Denzel WashingtonAward winner Training Day Detective Alonzo Harris [77]
Russell Crowe A Beautiful Mind John Forbes Nash, Jr.
Sean Penn I Am Sam Sam Dawson
Will Smith Ali Muhammad Ali
Tom Wilkinson In the Bedroom Dr. Matthew Fowler
2002
(75th)
Adrien BrodyAward winner The Pianist Władysław Szpilman [78]
Nicolas Cage Adaptation. Charlie Kaufman
 Donald Kaufman
Michael Caine The Quiet American Thomas Fowler
Daniel Day-Lewis Gangs of New York William "Bill the Butcher" Cutting
Jack Nicholson About Schmidt Warren R. Schmidt
2003
(76th)
Sean PennAward winner Mystic River Jimmy Markum [79]
Johnny Depp Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Captain Jack Sparrow
Ben Kingsley House of Sand and Fog Massoud Amir Behrani
Jude Law Cold Mountain Inman
Bill Murray Lost in Translation Bob Harris
2004
(77th)
Jamie FoxxAward winner Ray Ray Charles [80]
Don Cheadle Hotel Rwanda Paul Rusesabagina
Johnny Depp Finding Neverland J. M. Barrie
Leonardo DiCaprio The Aviator Howard Hughes
Clint Eastwood Million Dollar Baby Frankie Dunn
2005
(78th)
Philip Seymour HoffmanAward winner Capote Truman Capote [81]
Terrence Howard Hustle & Flow Djay
Heath Ledger Brokeback Mountain Ennis Del Mar
Joaquin Phoenix Walk the Line Johnny Cash
David Strathairn Good Night, and Good Luck Edward R. Murrow
2006
(79th)
Forest WhitakerAward winner The Last King of Scotland Idi Amin [82]
Leonardo DiCaprio Blood Diamond Danny Archer
Ryan Gosling Half Nelson Dan Dunne
Peter O'Toole Venus Maurice
Will Smith The Pursuit of Happyness Chris Gardner
2007
(80th)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner There Will Be Blood Daniel Plainview [83]
George Clooney Michael Clayton Michael Clayton
Johnny Depp Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street Benjamin Barker, aka Sweeney Todd
Tommy Lee Jones In the Valley of Elah Hank Deerfield
Viggo Mortensen Eastern Promises Nikolai Luzhin
2008
(81st)
Sean PennAward winner Milk Harvey Milk [84]
Richard Jenkins The Visitor Walter Vale
Frank Langella Frost/Nixon Richard Nixon
Brad Pitt The Curious Case of Benjamin Button Benjamin Button
Mickey Rourke The Wrestler Randy "The Ram" Robinson
2009
(82nd)
Jeff BridgesAward winner Crazy Heart Otis "Bad" Blake [85]
George Clooney Up in the Air Ryan Bingham
Colin Firth A Single Man George Falconer
Morgan Freeman Invictus Nelson Mandela
Jeremy Renner The Hurt Locker Sergeant First Class William James
2010
(83rd)
Colin FirthAward winner The King's Speech King George VI [86]
Javier Bardem Biutiful Uxbal
Jeff Bridges True Grit Rooster Cogburn
Jesse Eisenberg The Social Network Mark Zuckerberg
James Franco 127 Hours Aron Ralston
2011
(84th)
Jean DujardinAward winner The Artist George Valentin [87]
Demián Bichir A Better Life Carlos Galindo
George Clooney The Descendants Matt King
Gary Oldman Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy George Smiley
Brad Pitt Moneyball Billy Beane
2012
(85th)
Daniel Day-LewisAward winner Lincoln Abraham Lincoln [88]
Bradley Cooper Silver Linings Playbook Patrick "Pat" Solitano, Jr.
Hugh Jackman Les Misérables Jean Valjean
Joaquin Phoenix The Master Freddie Quell
Denzel Washington Flight Captain William "Whip" Whitaker
Multiple wins/nominations[edit]

Number
Actor

Wins


3
 Daniel Day-Lewis
2
Marlon Brando
Gary Cooper
Tom Hanks
Dustin Hoffman
Fredric March
Jack Nicholson
Sean Penn
Spencer Tracy
Nominations

9
Laurence Olivier
Spencer Tracy
8
Paul Newman
Jack Nicholson
Peter O'Toole
7
Marlon Brando
Dustin Hoffman
Jack Lemmon

6
 Richard Burton
5
Gary Cooper
Daniel Day-Lewis
Robert De Niro
Tom Hanks
Fredric March
Paul Muni
Al Pacino
Gregory Peck
Sean Penn
James Stewart
4
Warren Beatty
Charles Boyer
Michael Caine
Albert Finney
Burt Lancaster
Denzel Washington
3
Humphrey Bogart
Jeff Bridges
James Cagney
Montgomery Clift
George Clooney
Ronald Colman
Bing Crosby
Russell Crowe
Johnny Depp
Kirk Douglas
Robert Duvall
Morgan Freeman
Clark Gable
William Holden
Anthony Hopkins
William Hurt
Charles Laughton
Marcello Mastroianni
William Powell
Jon Voight
Robin Williams
2
Alan Arkin
Javier Bardem
Nicolas Cage
Tom Cruise
James Dean
Leonardo DiCaprio
Richard Dreyfuss
Clint Eastwood
José Ferrer
Peter Finch
Colin Firth
Henry Fonda
Cary Grant
Alec Guinness
Gene Hackman
Richard Harris
Rex Harrison
Leslie Howard
Walter Huston
Ben Kingsley
Walter Matthau
Robert Montgomery
Nick Nolte
Joaquin Phoenix
Walter Pidgeon
Brad Pitt
Sidney Poitier
Anthony Quinn
Mickey Rooney
Geoffrey Rush
Maximilian Schell
George C. Scott
Peter Sellers
Will Smith
Rod Steiger
John Travolta
John Wayne
Age superlatives[edit]

Record
Actor
Film
Age (in years)

Oldest winner Henry Fonda On Golden Pond 76
Oldest nominee Richard Farnsworth The Straight Story 79
Youngest winner Adrien Brody The Pianist 29
Youngest nominee Jackie Cooper Skippy 9

See also[edit]
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
Critics Choice Movie Award for Best Actor
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role
List of Best Actor winners by age
List of Big Five Academy Award winners and nominees
List of superlative Academy Award winners and nominees
List of nominees for the Academy Award for Best Actor (by actor)
List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year
List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories
List of actors nominated for Academy Awards for foreign language performances
List of actors who won the Academy, BAFTA, Golden Globe, SAG, and Critic's Choice Award for a single performance
Notes[edit]
A^ : Rules at the time of the first three ceremonies allowed for a performer to receive a single nomination which could honor their work in more than one film. George Arliss, Maurice Chevalier, and Ronald Colman were all nominated for two different roles in the same category. Current Academy rules forbid this from happening. No official reason was ever given as to why Arliss won the award for only one of the two films he was listed for.[89]B1 2 : Fredric March received one more vote than Wallace Beery. Academy rules at that time considered such a close margin to be a tie, so both March and Beery received the award. Under current Academy rules, however, dual awards are given only for exact ties.[90]C^ : Paul Muni's performance in Black Fury was not nominated for an Oscar. For two years only, the Academy allowed a write-in vote.[91][92] Technically, this meant that any performance was eligible for the award. The decision was made the previous year in response to the controversy surrounding Bette Davis's failure to receive a nomination for Of Human Bondage. Muni came 2nd in the vote, however, the Academy does not recognise Davis or Muni as nominees in these years.[93][94]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule One: Award Definitions". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
2.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Six: Special Rules for the Acting Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c Levy 2003, p. 56
4.Jump up ^ Dirks, Tim. "1929–38 Academy Awards Winners and History". Filmsite (Rainbow Media). Retrieved August 30, 2013.
5.Jump up ^ Martin, Monique (February 2, 2010). "History of the Best Actor Category of the Academy Awards". Associated Content (Yahoo!). Retrieved August 30, 2013.
6.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Two: Eligibility". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 29, 2013.
7.^ Jump up to: a b "Rule Two: The Awards Year and Deadline". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. AMPAS. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
8.^ Jump up to: a b c Levy 2003, p. 52
9.Jump up ^ "The 4th Academy Awards (1931) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
10.Jump up ^ "The 5th Academy Awards (1932) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
11.Jump up ^ "The 7th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
12.Jump up ^ "The 8th Academy Awards (1936) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
13.Jump up ^ "The 9th Academy Awards (1937) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
14.Jump up ^ "The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
15.Jump up ^ "The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
16.Jump up ^ "The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
17.Jump up ^ "The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
18.Jump up ^ "The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
19.Jump up ^ "The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
20.Jump up ^ "The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
21.Jump up ^ "The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
22.^ Jump up to: a b "The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
23.Jump up ^ "The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
24.Jump up ^ "The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
25.Jump up ^ "The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Beverly Hills: AMPAS. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
26.Jump up ^ "The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
27.Jump up ^ "The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
28.Jump up ^ "The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
29.Jump up ^ "The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
30.Jump up ^ "The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
31.Jump up ^ "The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
32.Jump up ^ "The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
33.Jump up ^ "The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
34.Jump up ^ "The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
35.Jump up ^ "The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
36.Jump up ^ "The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
37.Jump up ^ "The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
38.Jump up ^ "The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
39.Jump up ^ "The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
40.Jump up ^ "The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
41.Jump up ^ "The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
42.Jump up ^ "The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
43.Jump up ^ "The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
44.Jump up ^ "The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
45.Jump up ^ "The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
46.Jump up ^ "The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
47.Jump up ^ "The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
48.Jump up ^ "The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
49.Jump up ^ "The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
50.Jump up ^ "The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
51.Jump up ^ "The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
52.Jump up ^ "The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
53.Jump up ^ "The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
54.Jump up ^ "The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
55.Jump up ^ "The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
56.Jump up ^ "The 53rd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
57.Jump up ^ "The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
58.Jump up ^ "The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
59.Jump up ^ "The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
60.Jump up ^ "The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
61.Jump up ^ "The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
62.Jump up ^ "The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
63.Jump up ^ "The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
64.Jump up ^ "The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
65.Jump up ^ "The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
66.Jump up ^ "The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
67.Jump up ^ "The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
68.Jump up ^ "The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
69.Jump up ^ "The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
70.Jump up ^ "The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
71.Jump up ^ "The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
72.Jump up ^ "The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
73.Jump up ^ "The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
74.Jump up ^ "The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
75.Jump up ^ "The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
76.Jump up ^ "The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
77.Jump up ^ "The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
78.Jump up ^ "The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
79.Jump up ^ "The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
80.Jump up ^ "The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
81.Jump up ^ "The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
82.Jump up ^ "The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
83.Jump up ^ "The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
84.Jump up ^ "The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
85.Jump up ^ "The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
86.Jump up ^ "The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
87.Jump up ^ "The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
88.Jump up ^ "The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners". Beverly Hills: oscars.org and Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
89.Jump up ^ Rooney, David (November 25, 2003). "On the double-bubble". Retrieved August 30, 2013.
90.Jump up ^ Levy 2003, p. 116
91.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 1002
92.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 10045
93.Jump up ^ Levy 2003, p. 51
94.Jump up ^ Wiley & Bona 1996, p. 65
Bibliography[edit]
Wiley, Mason; Bona, Damien (1996), Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards (5 ed.), New York, United States: Ballantine Books, ISBN 0-345-40053-4, OCLC 779680732
Levy, Emanuel (2003), All About Oscar: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards, New York, United States: Continuum International Publishing Group, ISBN 0-8264-1452-4
External links[edit]
Oscars.org (official Academy site)
Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional site)
The Academy Awards Database (official site)
Complete Downloadable List of Academy Award Nominees


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Jack Twist
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

For the fictional criminal, see Strangers (Dean Koontz novel).

Jack Twist
Brokeback Mountain Jack Twist.jpg
First appearance
Brokeback Mountain
Created by
Annie Proulx
Portrayed by
Jake Gyllenhaal
Information

Gender
Male
Spouse(s)
Lureen Newsome
Children
Bobby
Jack Twist is a fictional character of the short story "Brokeback Mountain" by Annie Proulx and the 2005 Academy Award-winning film adaptation of the same name directed by Ang Lee, where he was portrayed by American actor Jake Gyllenhaal. Jack's story is depicted by the complex, sexual, and romantic relationship he had with Ennis Del Mar in the American West from 1963 to 1983.
Gyllenhaal was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance.


Contents  [hide]
1 Characterization 1.1 Sexual orientation
2 Fictional character history
3 References
4 External links

Characterization[edit]
In an interview about her work, and "Brokeback Mountain" in particular, author Proulx stated Jack Twist is a "confused Wyoming ranch [kid]" who finds himself in a personal sexual situation he did not foresee, nor can understand. She said both men were "beguiled by the cowboy myth," and Jack "settles on rodeo as an expression of the Western ideal. It more or less works for him until he becomes a tractor salesman."[1] Jack is also more romantic than Ennis, being the one who pursues the relationship and insists that they should live together officially. He is open about his desires and discontents, which is also shown in the novella, when he tries to open Lureen's eyes about their son's dyslexia even though he knows that he has no say in the matter, since she holds the money in the family.
Sexual orientation[edit]
One mystery surrounding Jack Twist (as well as Ennis Del Mar) is his sexual orientation, if any specific one at all. He has a sexual and emotional relationship with Lureen, but he still shows more sexual desire towards men in general than Ennis, who has no relations with men other than Jack. Jack sleeps with other men, including male prostitutes. While meeting Ennis in the mountains for the very last time, Jack says he is having an extramarital relationship with a woman; which might have affirmed that he is bisexual. However, it is likely that the woman, the "ranch foreman's wife," is actually the ranch foreman himself, as in a previous scene, he invites Jack to a cabin to "do a little fishing and drink some whisky ..." In a later scene, Jack's father mentions that Jack had revealed a plan before he died to come up with a male ranch neighbor friend and do up the family ranch and live there.[2]
Some film critics suggest Jack is bisexual rather than strictly homosexual. Sex researcher Fritz Klein stated he felt Jack to be more "toward the gay side of bisexuality."[3] Gyllenhaal himself took the opinion that Ennis and Jack were heterosexual men who "develop this love, this bond," also saying in a Details interview: "I approached the story believing that these are actually two straight guys who fall in love."[3] The film's producer, James Schamus, and LGBT non-fiction author Eric Marcus, opined that the characters were both gay.[3]
Novelist Brent Hartinger analyzed some of the discussion about the sexual orientations of the characters, writing for AfterElton.com. Hartinger personally "felt it inconceivable" that the characters could be considered bisexual and not gay because the film consistently showed their dissatisfaction with their heterosexual partners and deep emotional and physical fulfilment with one another. Hartinger added that Del Mar insists on anal sex with his wife, and Twist seeks out other males for sex outside of his marriage when Del Mar is not available. Hartinger puts down efforts to describe the characters as bisexual to a mixture of bisexuals who misunderstand "what it means to be gay" and some who rightfully feel starved of media representations of bisexuality. For Hartinger, the actors' opinions of "straight guys who just happened to fall in love" seems to come more from Gyllenhaal and Ledger's acting method rather than an assessment of the text. Hartinger ended the discussion with a quotation from Proulx, on the subject of her short story, to illuminate the ways in which different people interpret the sexualities of the main characters:

How different readers take the story is a reflection of their own personal values, attitudes, hang-ups... It is my feeling that a story is not finished until it is read, and that the reader finishes it through his or her life experience, prejudices, world view and thoughts.[4]
Fictional character history[edit]
While on a 1963 shepherding job on the fictional Brokeback Mountain in Wyoming, rodeo cowboy Jack meets and falls in love with ranch hand Ennis Del Mar (portrayed in the film by the late Australian actor Heath Ledger).
When the two 19-year-old men first begin work on Brokeback Mountain, Ennis is stationed at the base camp while Jack watches after the sheep higher on the mountain. They initially meet only for meals at the base camp, where they gradually become friends. After a time they switch roles, with Jack taking over duties at base camp and Ennis tending the flock. One night, after the two share a bottle of whiskey, Ennis decides to remain at the base camp overnight instead of returning up the mountain. Ennis is at first reluctant to even sleep in the same tent as Jack, but later that night the men share a brief, intense sexual encounter. Over the remainder of the summer their sexual and emotional relationship deepens further.
After the job is finished the two part ways. Jack tries to get the same job again at Brokeback Mountain, but his former employer, having seen him and Ennis, does not rehire him. Jack then moves to Texas, where he meets and eventually marries rodeo princess Lureen Newsome (portrayed in the film by Anne Hathaway), having a son, Bobby, with her.
Four years after they separate from each other, Jack sends a postcard to Ennis, asking if he wants to meet him while he passes through the area. The men reunite, and their passion immediately rekindles. Jack broaches the subject of creating a life together on a small ranch. Ennis, for various reasons, resists. Unable to be open about their relationship, Ennis and Jack settle for infrequent meetings on camping trips in the mountains.
As the years pass, Ennis' marriage eventually ends in divorce, causing Jack to hope that this will allow him and Ennis to live together. But Ennis continues to refuse to move away from his children, and remains uncomfortable about men living together. On another trip with Ennis in the mountains, in 1983, Jack discovers that in order to keep his job, Ennis cannot meet with Jack again before November. Ennis and Jack's frustrations finally erupt into a bitter argument and a struggle that becomes a desperate embrace. However, the two men part upset.
Months later, a postcard Ennis sent to Jack about meeting in November, has returned to the post office, stamped deceased. In a strained telephone conversation, Jack's wife, Lureen, tells Ennis that Jack died in an accident while changing a tire. While she explains what happened, images of Jack being beaten to death by three men flash across the screen. The scene can be interpreted either as meaning that this is what really happened and Lureen is covering up the truth, or simply a figment of Ennis's imagination, showing what he thinks may have happened given his memories of a hate crime committed in his town when he was young. Lureen tells Ennis that Jack wished to have his ashes scattered on Brokeback Mountain. She suggests that Ennis contact Jack's parents about this.
Ennis visits Jack's parents in Lightning Flat, Wyoming and offers to take Jack's ashes to Brokeback Mountain. Jack's father refuses, insisting that Jack's remains be buried in the family plot. Jack's mother is more welcoming, and allows Ennis to see Jack's boyhood bedroom. While in the room, Ennis discovers two old shirts hidden in the back of the closet. The shirts, hung one inside the other on the same hanger, are the ones the two men were wearing on their last day on Brokeback Mountain in 1963. Ennis takes the now rolled-up shirts with him; Jack's mother silently offers him a paper sack to put them in.
At the end of the story, Ennis opens his own closet to reveal that he has hung the two shirts reversed, with his plaid shirt hugging Jack's blue shirt. They hang inside the door beneath a postcard of Brokeback Mountain. Ennis carefully fastens the top button of Jack's shirt. With tears in his eyes, Ennis mutters, "Jack, I swear ...".
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Testa, Matthew (December 7, 2005). "Exclusive PJH Interview: At close range with Annie Proulx". Planet Jackson Hole. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
2.Jump up ^ http://finearts.uvic.ca/writing/websites/writ203/screenplays/award_winning/brokeback_mountain.pdf
3.^ Jump up to: a b c Amy Andre. "Opinion: Bisexual Cowboys in Love". National Sexuality Resource Center (NSCR). Retrieved 2006-11-22.
4.Jump up ^ Hartinger, Brent (December 13, 2010). "Ask the Flying Monkey: Why Doesn’t the Fem Guy Ever Chase the Butch One?". AfterElton.com. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
External links[edit]
Jack Twist at the Internet Movie Database


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Brokeback Mountain


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Songs
"A Love That Will Never Grow Old"
 

 


Categories: Brokeback Mountain
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A Love That Will Never Grow Old
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search


"A Love That Will Never Grow Old"

song by Emmylou Harris from the album Brokeback Mountain: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

Released
2005
Recorded
2005
Genre
Country
Length
3:21
Label
Verve Forecast
Writer
Bernie Taupin
Composer
Gustavo Santaolalla
Brokeback Mountain: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack track listing

"Brokeback Mountain I"
 (3) "A Love That Will Never Grow Old"
 (4) "King of the Road"
 (5)

"A Love That Will Never Grow Old" is a song from the film Brokeback Mountain. Its music was composed by Argentine composer Gustavo Santaolalla, with lyrics by Bernie Taupin, and performed by singer Emmylou Harris. It won the 2005 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song,[1] the Satellite Award and the Internet Movie Award for Best Original Song. The song was nominated at the World Soundtrack Awards for Best Original Song Written Directly for a Film. It is available on the film soundtrack.
Reception[edit]
Thom Jurek from Allmusic described the song as "simple, spare, and poignant", and marked it as a highlight from the film soundtrack.[2]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "63rd Golden Globe Award Winners". Golden Globe Awards. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. January 16, 2006. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
2.Jump up ^ Jurek, Thom. "Brokeback Mountain [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved April 8, 2011.


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Brokeback Mountain (short story)
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"Brokeback Mountain"
Brokeback Mountain Annie Proulx.jpg
Author
Annie Proulx
Country
United States
Language
English
Genre(s)
Short story
Published in
The New Yorker
Publication type
Magazine
Publisher
The New Yorker
Media type
Print (Periodical)
Publication date
October 13, 1997
"Brokeback Mountain" is a short storyby Americanauthor Annie Proulx. It was originally published in The New Yorkeron October 13, 1997, and was subsequently published in a slightly expanded version in Proulx's 1999 collection of short stories, Close Range: Wyoming Stories. The story won an O. Henry Awardprize (third place) in 1998. The New Yorkerwon the National Magazine Award for Fiction for its publication of "Brokeback Mountain" in 1998. The collection was named a finalist for the 2000 Pulitzer Prizein Fiction.
Screenwriters Larry McMurtryand Diana Ossanaadapted the story for the film of the same name, released in 2005. At that time, the short story and the screenplay were published together, along with essays by Proulx and the screenwriters, in Brokeback Mountain: Story to Screenplay.[1][2]The story was also published separately in book form.


Contents [hide]
1Synopsis
2Literary form
3Origins
4Film adaptation
5Opera
6See also
7References
8Further reading

Synopsis[edit]
Two young men who meet in Wyomingin 1963 forge a sudden emotional and sexual attachment, but soon part ways. As their separate lives play out with marriages, children and jobs, they reunite for brief liaisons on camping trips in remote settings over the course of the next 20 years.
Literary form[edit]
"Brokeback Mountain" is a story told by an omniscientnarrator. The narrativeis realisticin tone and employs description, metaphor and dialogue to examine the actions, thoughts, emotions, and motivations of its main characters.
The narrative is mostly linear; the story describes events in sequence from a beginning point in time, the year 1963 when the characters are introduced, to the end of the story some 20 years later. Other than the title location, the settings are actual locations in the United States, and the characters are described as real people living in a specific milieu. The story adheres to conventions of modern dramatic fiction; its literary devices serve to present a portrait of recognizable people in familiar situations, without supernaturalor metaphysicalallusions (while other of the "Wyoming Stories" do include passages of magical realism).
The story begins with the introduction of the two protagonists:
“ They were raised on small, poor ranches in opposite corners of the state, Jack Twistin Lightning Flat, up on the Montana border, Ennis del Marfrom around Sage, near the Utah line, both high school drop out country boys with no prospects, brought up to hard work and privation, both rough mannered, rough spoken, inured to the stoiclife. ”
From there, the story is an episodic examination of conflicts arising from the characters' interaction with each other and other people in their lives. The story condenses passing years and significant events into brief passages, and employs dialogue to reveal character and conflict.
“ They never talked about the sex, let it happen, at first only in the tent at night, then in the full daylight with the hot sun striking down, and at evening in the fire glow, quick, rough, laughing and snorting, no lack of noises, but saying not a goddamn word except once Ennis said, "I'm not no queer," and Jack jumped in with "Me neither. A one shot thing. Nobody's business but ours." ”
Origins[edit]
According to Proulx, her inspiration for the characters did not come from real life, though she mentioned one incident in which she noticed a middle-aged man in a bar, who appeared to be watching only the menplaying pool, which led her to consider the life of a typical western ranch hand who might be gay. Regarding the setting, Proulx stated:
“ Rural North America, regional cultures, the images of an ideal and seemingly attainable world the characters cherish in their long views despite the rigid and difficult circumstances of their place and time interest me and are what I write about. I watch for the historical skew between what people have hoped for and who they thought they were and what befell them."[3][4] ”
About the story's main characters, Ennis Del Mar and Jack Twist, Proulx said they affected her long after the story was published, and the film version rekindled her feelings for them — an attachment that she had previously rejected. In an interview in The Missouri Review,[5]Proulx called the notion of falling in love with fictional characters "repugnant".
Film adaptation[edit]
Main article: Brokeback Mountain
The film Brokeback Mountainwon numerous awards, including Academy Awards(for 2005) for Best Adapted Screenplay (McMurtry and Ossana), Best Director (Ang Lee), and Best Original Score (Gustavo Santaolalla). It was nominated for a total of eight awards (the most that year), including Best Picture. Its loss of Best Picture to Crashwas not generally expected, though predicted by some.[6]
Proulx has praised the faithfulness of the adaptation of her story into a feature film. Before the movie was made, she called McMurtry and Ossana's adaptation "an exceptionally fine screenplay." Later, she praised the film as "huge and powerful," writing that she was "knocked for a loop" when she first saw it.
“ I may be the first writer in America to have a piece of writing make its way to the screen whole and entire," she said. "And, when I saw the film for the first time, I was astonished that the characters of Jack and Ennis came surging into my mind again... ”
Nearly all of the dialogue and descriptions from the original story were included in the screenplay. Few major differences have been noted. Most of the changes involve expansion, with brief mentions of the character's marriages in the story becoming scenes of domestic life in the film. The narrative sequence is nearly identical in story and film: both begin with Jack and Ennis meeting in 1963 and end with a scene of Ennis 20 years later. One example of adaptation of the story's dramatic arc arises from a significant memory (of the men embracing by a campfire): it appears in the film as a flashbackin the same sequence as Jack recalls it in the story.
Before Lee's adaptation, Gus Van Santhad wished to make an adaptation starring Matt Damonand Joaquin Phoenix. Among the reasons it never made it to production included Damon's refusal to make a "gay-cowboy movie" immediately after starring in a "gay movie" (The Talented Mr. Ripley) and a "cowboy movie" (All the Pretty Horses).[7]Damon later named Brokeback Mountainas the "movie [he] didn't do that [he wishes he] had."[8]
Opera[edit]
Gerard Mortierand the New York City Operacommissioned Charles Wuorinen, an American composer, to turn Proulx's story into a work for the operatic stage. Proulx wrote the libretto, and Wuorinen completed the opera in 2012. The premiere was postponed after New York City Opera's General Director, Gerard Mortier, resigned. The project was then again taken up by Mortier at the Teatro Realin Madridwhere Brokeback Mountainis set to premiere on 28 January 2014.[9]
See also[edit]

Portal icon Novels portal
List of accolades received by Brokeback Mountain
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^"Brokeback Mountain: Story to Screenplay (Trade Paperback)". Scribner. Retrieved 2007-07-24.
2.Jump up ^"Brokeback Mountain: Story to Screenplay (Hardcover)". Scribner. Retrieved 2007-07-24.
3.Jump up ^Testa, Matthew (December 7, 2005). "Exclusive PJH Interview: At close range with Annie Proulx". Planet Jackson Hole. Retrieved 2007-07-24.
4.Jump up ^Testa, Matthew (December 29, 2005). "Close Range". Salt Lake City Weekly. Retrieved 2006-03-16.
5.Jump up ^"Interview with Annie Proulx". The Missouri ReviewVol. XXII, No. 2. 1999.
6.Jump up ^Associated Press (7 Feb 2006). "Can ‘Brokeback Mountain’ survive ‘Crash’?". Retrieved 7 June 2010.
7.Jump up ^Nashawaty, Chris (August 10, 2007). Entertainment Weekly. The Strong Violent Type.[1]
8.Jump up ^Nashawaty, Chris (August 10, 2007). Entertainment Weekly. The Strong Violent Type.[2]
9.Jump up ^"Opera: Brokeback Mountain, Teatro Real;". Teatro-Real.com. 2013-10-02. Retrieved 2013-10-02.
Further reading[edit]
Brokeback Mountain: Story to Screenplay(includes the short story and film screenplay), New York: Scribner, 2005. ISBN 0-7432-9416-5; ISBN 978-0-7432-9416-4
Proulx, Annie (1997, 1999, 2006). Close Range: Brokeback Mountain and Other Stories. London, New York, Toronto and Sydney: Harper Perennial. ISBN 0-00-720558-9; ISBN 978-0-00-720558-5


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Brokeback Mountain


Short story·
Soundtrack·
Critical reception·
Annie Proulx


Characters
Ennis Del Mar·
Jack Twist


Songs
"A Love That Will Never Grow Old"





Categories: 1997 short stories
American short stories
Bisexuality-related fiction
Brokeback Mountain
LGBT literature in the United States
Works by Annie Proulx
Works originally published in The New Yorker
Short stories adapted into films
Wyoming in fiction


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This page was last modified on 21 December 2013 at 18:59.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Useand Privacy Policy.
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