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Shakespeare in Love
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Shakespeare in Love
Shakespeare in Love 1998 Poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster
 
Directed by
John Madden
Produced by
David Parfitt
Donna Gigliotti
Harvey Weinstein
Edward Zwick
Marc Norman
Written by
Marc Norman
Tom Stoppard
Starring
Joseph Fiennes
Gwyneth Paltrow
Geoffrey Rush
Colin Firth
Ben Affleck
Judi Dench
Music by
Stephen Warbeck
Cinematography
Richard Greatrex
Editing by
David Gamble
Distributed by
Miramax Films (US)
Alliance Atlantis (CAN)
Universal Studios (Worldwide)
Release dates
3 December 1998 (US)
29 January 1999 (UK)
 
Running time
123 minutes
Country
United Kingdom
 United States
Language
English
Budget
$25 million[1]
Box office
$289,317,794[1]
Shakespeare in Love is a 1998 British romantic comedy-drama film directed by John Madden, written by Marc Norman and playwright Tom Stoppard. The film depicts a love affair involving playwright William Shakespeare (Joseph Fiennes) while he was writing the play Romeo and Juliet. The story is fiction, though several of the characters are based on real people. In addition, many of the characters, lines, and plot devices are references to Shakespeare's plays.
Shakespeare in Love won seven Oscars, including Best Picture, Best Actress (Gwyneth Paltrow), and Best Supporting Actress (Judi Dench).

Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 References to Elizabethan literature
5 Plot precedents and similarities
6 Inaccuracies
7 Reception 7.1 Accolades
8 Cultural influence
9 Stage adaptation
10 References
11 External links

Plot[edit]
William Shakespeare is a poor playwright for Philip Henslowe, owner of The Rose Theatre, in 1593 London. Shakespeare is working on a new comedy, Romeo and Ethel, the Pirate's Daughter. Suffering from writer's block, he is unable to complete the play, but begins auditions for Romeo. A young man named Thomas Kent is cast in the role after impressing Shakespeare with his performance and his love of Shakespeare's previous work. Kent is actually Viola de Lesseps, the daughter of a wealthy merchant who desires to act but, since women are banned from the stage, she must disguise herself.
After Shakespeare discovers his star's true identity, he and Viola begin a passionate secret affair. Inspired by her, Shakespeare writes quickly, and benefits from the advice of playwright and friendly rival Christopher 'Kit' Marlowe, completely transforming the play into what will become Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare and Viola know, however, that their romance is doomed. He is married, albeit long separated from his wife, while Viola's parents have arranged her betrothal to Lord Wessex (Colin Firth), an aristocrat who needs money. When Viola is summoned to the court of Queen Elizabeth I, Shakespeare dons a woman's disguise to accompany her as her cousin. At court, he persuades Wessex to bet £50 that a play cannot capture the nature of true love. If Romeo and Juliet is a success, Shakespeare as playwright will win the money. The Queen, who enjoys Shakespeare's plays, agrees to witness the wager.
Edmund Tilney, the Master of the Revels, the Queen's official in charge of the theatres, learns that there is a woman in the theatre company at The Rose playhouse, and orders the theatre closed for violating morality and the law. Left without a stage or lead actor, it seems that Romeo and Juliet must close before it even opens, until Richard Burbage, the owner of a competing theatre, the Curtain, offers his stage to Shakespeare. Shakespeare assumes the lead role of Romeo, with a boy actor playing Juliet. Viola learns that the play will be performed on her wedding day, and after the ceremony secretly travels to the theatre. Shortly before the play begins, the boy playing Juliet starts experiencing the voice change of puberty. Viola replaces him and plays Juliet to Shakespeare's Romeo. Their passionate portrayal of two lovers inspires the entire audience.
Tilney arrives at the theatre with Wessex, who has deduced his new bride's location. Tilney plans to arrest the audience and cast for indecency, but the Queen is in attendance. Although she recognizes Viola, the Queen does not unmask her, instead declaring that the role of Juliet is being performed by Thomas Kent. However, even a queen is powerless to end a lawful marriage, so she orders "Kent" to fetch Viola so that she may sail with Wessex to the Colony of Virginia. The Queen also states that Romeo and Juliet has accurately portrayed true love so Wessex must pay Shakespeare £50, the exact amount Shakespeare requires to buy a share in the Lord Chamberlain's Men. The Queen then directs "Kent" to tell Shakespeare to write something "a little more cheerful next time, for Twelfth Night".
Viola and Shakespeare part, resigned to their fates. The film closes as Shakespeare begins to write Twelfth Night, Or What You Will imagining his love washed ashore in a strange land after a shipwreck and musing, "For she will be my heroine for all time, and her name will be...Viola", a strong young woman castaway who disguises herself as a young man.
Cast[edit]
Joseph Fiennes as William Shakespeare
Gwyneth Paltrow as Viola de Lesseps
Geoffrey Rush as Philip Henslowe
Colin Firth as Lord Wessex
Ben Affleck as Ned Alleyn
Judi Dench as Elizabeth I of England
Simon Callow as Edmund Tilney
Jim Carter as Ralph Bashford
Martin Clunes as Richard Burbage
Antony Sher as Dr. Moth
Imelda Staunton as Nurse
Tom Wilkinson as Hugh Fennyman
Mark Williams as Wabash
Daniel Brocklebank as Sam Gosse|Juliet
Jill Baker as Lady de Lesseps
Patrick Barlow as Will Kempe
Joe Roberts as John Webster
Simon Day as First Boatsman
Rupert Everett as Christopher 'Kit' Marlowe
Production[edit]
The original idea for Shakespeare in Love came to screenwriter Marc Norman in the late 1980s. He pitched a draft screenplay to director Edward Zwick. The screenplay attracted Julia Roberts who agreed to play Viola. However, Zwick disliked Norman's screenplay and hired the playwright Tom Stoppard to improve it (Stoppard's first major success had been with the Shakespeare-themed play Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead).[2]
The film went into production in 1991 at Universal Pictures, with Zwick as director, but although sets and costumes were in construction, Shakespeare had not yet been cast, because Julia Roberts insisted that only Daniel Day-Lewis could play the role.[citation needed] Day-Lewis was uninterested, and when Roberts failed to persuade him, she withdrew from the film, six weeks before shooting was due to begin. The production went into turnaround, and Zwick was unable to persuade other studios to take up the screenplay.[2]
Eventually, Zwick got Miramax interested in the screenplay, but Miramax chose John Madden as director. Miramax boss Harvey Weinstein acted as producer, and successfully persuaded Ben Affleck to take a small role as Ned Alleyn.[3]
The film was considerably reworked after the first test screenings. The scene with Shakespeare and Viola in the punt was re-shot, to make it more emotional, and some lines were re-recorded to clarify the reasons why Viola had to marry Wessex. The ending was re-shot several times, until Stoppard eventually came up with the idea of Viola suggesting to Shakespeare that their parting could inspire his next play.[4]
References to Elizabethan literature[edit]
The main source for much of the action in the film is Romeo and Juliet. Will and Viola play out the famous balcony and bedroom scenes; like Juliet, Viola has a witty nurse, and is separated from Will by a gulf of duty (although not the family enmity of the play: the "two households" of Romeo and Juliet are supposedly inspired by the two rival playhouses). In addition, the two lovers are equally "star-crossed" — they are not ultimately destined to be together (since Viola is of rich and socially ambitious merchant stock and is promised to marry Lord Wessex, while Shakespeare himself is poor and already married). There is also a Rosaline, with whom Will is in love at the beginning of the film. These sometimes reference earlier cinematic versions of Shakespeare. The balcony scene pastiches the Zeffirelli version of Romeo and Juliet.[5]
Many other plot devices used in the film are common in various Shakespearean comedies and in the works of the other playwrights of the Elizabethan era: the Queen disguised as a commoner, the cross-dressing disguises, mistaken identities, the sword fight, the suspicion of adultery (or, at least, cheating), the appearance of a "ghost" (cf. Macbeth), and the "play within a play". According to Douglas Brode, the film deftly portrays many of the these devices as though the events depicted were the inspiration for Shakespeare's own use of them in his plays.[6]
The film also has sequences in which Shakespeare and the other characters utter words that will later appear in his plays:
On the street, Shakespeare hears a Puritan preaching against the two London stages: "The Rose smells thusly rank, by any name! I say, a plague on both their houses!" Two references in one, both to Romeo and Juliet; first, "A rose by any other name would smell as sweet" (Act II, scene ii, lines 1 and 2); second, "a plague on both your houses" (Act III, scene I, line 94).
Backstage of a performance of The Two Gentlemen of Verona, Shakespeare sees William Kempe in full make-up, silently contemplating a skull, a reference to Hamlet.
Shakespeare utters the lines "Doubt thou the stars are fire, / Doubt that the sun doth move" (from Hamlet) to Philip Henslowe.
As Shakespeare's writer's block is introduced, he is seen crumpling balls of paper and throwing them around his room. They land near props which represent scenes in his several plays: a skull (Hamlet), and an open chest (The Merchant of Venice).
Viola, as well as being Paltrow's character in the film, is the lead character in Twelfth Night who dresses as a man after the supposed death of her brother.
At the end of the film, Shakespeare imagines a shipwreck overtaking Viola on her way to America, inspiring the second scene of his next play, Twelfth Night, and perhaps also The Tempest.
Shakespeare writes a sonnet to Viola which begins: "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" (from Sonnet 18).
Shakespeare tells Henslowe that he still owes him for "one gentleman of Verona", a reference to Two Gentlemen of Verona, part of which we also see being acted before the Queen later in the film.
In the boat, when Shakespeare tells Viola, disguised as Thomas Kent, of his lady’s beauty and charms, she dismisses his praise, as no real woman could live up to the ideal. This is a set up for Sonnet 130, “My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun”.
Christopher Marlowe appears in the film as the master playwright whom the characters within the film consider the greatest English dramatist of that time — this is accurate, yet also humorous, since everyone in the film's audience knows what will eventually happen to Shakespeare. Marlowe gives Shakespeare a plot for his next play, "Romeo and Ethel the Pirate's Daughter" ("Romeo is Italian...always in and out of love...until he meets...Ethel. The daughter of his enemy! His best friend is killed in a duel by Ethel's brother or something. His name is Mercutio.")[7] Marlowe's Doctor Faustus is quoted repeatedly: "Was this the face that launched a thousand ships/ And burned the topless towers of Ilium?" A reference is also made to Marlowe's final, unfinished play The Massacre at Paris in a scene wherein Marlowe (Rupert Everett) seeks payment for the final act of the play from Richard Burbage (Martin Clunes). Burbage promises the payment the next day, so Marlowe refuses to part with the pages and departs for Deptford, where he is killed.[8] The only surviving text of The Massacre at Paris is an undated quarto that is too short to represent the complete original play and in all probability it is a memorial reconstruction by the actors who performed the work.[9]
The child John Webster who plays with mice is a reference to the leading figure in the Jacobean generation of playwrights. His plays (The Duchess of Malfi, The White Devil) are known for their blood and gore, which is why he says that he enjoys Titus Andronicus, and why he says of Romeo and Juliet when asked by the Queen "I liked it when she stabbed herself."[10]
When the clown Will Kempe (Patrick Barlow) says to Shakespeare that he would like to play in a drama, he is told that "they would laugh at Seneca if you played it," a reference to the Roman tragedian renowned for his sombre and bloody plot lines which were a major influence on the development of English tragedy.
Will is shown signing a paper repeatedly, with many relatively illegible signatures visible. This is a reference to the fact that several versions of Shakespeare's signature exist, and in each one he spelled his name differently.
Plot precedents and similarities[edit]
After the film's release, certain publications, including Private Eye, noted strong similarities between the film and the 1941 novel No Bed for Bacon, by Caryl Brahms and S. J. Simon, which also features Shakespeare falling in love and finding inspiration for his later plays. In a foreword to a subsequent edition of No Bed for Bacon (which traded on the association by declaring itself "A Story of Shakespeare and Lady Viola in Love") Ned Sherrin, Private Eye insider and former writing partner of Brahms', confirmed that he had lent a copy of the novel to Stoppard after he joined the writing team,[11] but that the basic plot of the film had been independently developed by Marc Norman, who was unaware of the earlier work.
The film's plot can claim a tradition in fiction reaching back to Alexandre Duval's "Shakespeare amoureux ou la Piece a l'Etude" (1804), in which Shakespeare falls in love with an actress who is playing Richard III.[12]
The writers of Shakespeare in Love were sued in 1999 by bestselling author Faye Kellerman. She claimed that the plotline was stolen from her 1989 novel The Quality of Mercy, in which Shakespeare romances a Jewish woman who dresses as a man, and attempts to solve a murder. Miramax Films spokesman Andrew Stengel derided the claim, filed in the US District Court six days before the 1999 Academy Awards, as "absurd", and argued that the timing "suggests a publicity stunt".[13][14]
Inaccuracies[edit]
The film is "not constrained by worries about literary or historical accuracy" and includes anachronisms such as a reference to Virginia tobacco plantations, when there was no Virginia.[15] The most apparent deviation from the actual literary history is the made-up play title "Romeo and Ethel" allegedly preceding the present version. In fact, the story of Romeo and Juliet had been invented before Shakespeare. It was well-known from Arthur Brooke's 1562 narrative poem The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet, which itself was rooted in an Italian original.[16]
Reception[edit]
Janet Maslin made the film an "NYT Critics' Pick", calling it "pure enchantment"; according to Maslin, the film is "far richer and more deft than the other Elizabethan film in town (Elizabeth); she notes "Gwyneth Paltrow, in her first great, fully realized starring performance, makes a heroine so breathtaking that she seems utterly plausible as the playwright's guiding light."[15] According to Roger Ebert, who gave the film four stars out of four:[7]

"The contemporary feel of the humor (like Shakespeare's coffee mug, inscribed "Souvenir of Stratford-Upon-Avon") makes the movie play like a contest between "Masterpiece Theatre" and Mel Brooks. Then the movie stirs in a sweet love story, juicy court intrigue, backstage politics and some lovely moments from "Romeo and Juliet"... Is this a movie or an anthology? I didn't care. I was carried along by the wit, the energy and a surprising sweetness."
Shakespeare in Love was among 1999's box office number-one films in the United Kingdom. The U.S. box office reached over $100 million; including the box office from the rest of the world, the film took in over $289 million.[1]
It has been reported by The Sunday Telegraph that the film had an impact on the British Royal Family in prompting the revival of the title of Earl of Wessex, which had been extinct since the 11th century. Prince Edward was originally to have been titled Duke of Cambridge following his marriage to Sophie Rhys-Jones in 1999, the year after the film's release. However, after watching Shakespeare in Love, he reportedly became attracted to the title of the character played by Colin Firth, and asked Queen Elizabeth II to be given the title of Earl of Wessex instead.[17]
Accolades[edit]

 This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2012)
American Film Institute recognition:
AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions – #50 [18]
AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – Nominated[19]
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) - Nominated[20]

Award
Category
Recipient(s)
Outcome
71st Academy Awards[21] Best Picture David Parfitt, Donna Gigliotti, Marc Norman, Harvey Weinstein and Edward Zwick Won
Best Actress Gwyneth Paltrow Won
Best Supporting Actress Judi Dench Won
Best Art Direction Martin Childs and Jill Quertier Won
Best Costume Design Sandy Powell Won
Best Original Musical or Comedy Score Stephen Warbeck Won
Best Original Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
Best Director John Madden Nominated
Best Supporting Actor Geoffrey Rush Nominated
Best Cinematography Richard Greatrex Nominated
Best Film Editing David Gamble Nominated
Best Makeup Lisa Westcott and Veronica Brebner Nominated
Best Sound Robin O'Donoghue, Dominic Lester and Peter Glossop Nominated
52nd British Academy Film Awards BAFTA Award for Best Film
Won
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role Judi Dench Won
BAFTA Award for Best Editing David Gamble Won
BAFTA Award for Best Direction John Madden Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role Joseph Fiennes Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role Gwyneth Paltrow Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role Geoffrey Rush Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role Tom Wilkinson Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Cinematography Richard Greatrex Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Makeup and Hair Lisa Westcott Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Sound Robin O'Donoghue, Dominic Lester, Peter Glossop, and John Downer Nominated
Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music Stephen Warbeck Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design Sandy Powell Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Production Design Martin Childs Nominated
49th Berlin International Film Festival[22] Golden Bear
Nominated
Silver Bear Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
Directors Guild of America Awards 1998 Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures John Madden Nominated
56th Golden Globe Awards Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
Won
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy Gwyneth Paltrow Won
Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
Golden Globe Award for Best Director John Madden Nominated
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Geoffrey Rush Nominated
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture Judi Dench Nominated
5th Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
Won
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role Joseph Fiennes Nominated
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role Gwyneth Paltrow Won
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Geoffrey Rush Nominated
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role Judi Dench Nominated
Writers Guild of America Awards 1998 Best Original Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
1998 New York Film Critics Circle Awards Best Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
Cultural influence[edit]
The film was spoofed and homaged, along with Star Wars, in the 1999 short film George Lucas in Love.
The film was seen and frequently interrupted by Brenda Meeks in Scary Movie.
Stage adaptation[edit]
In October 2011 the show-business paper Variety reported that Disney Theatrical Productions, linked to Miramax through former owners Disney Corporation, intend to mount a stage version of the movie in London. Co-producer will be Sonia Friedmann Productions. The writer will again be Stoppard and he will be joined by director Jack O'Brien and designer Bob Crowley, who worked with Stoppard on his Coast of Utopia trilogy and The Invention of Love.[23]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c "Shakespeare in Love (1998)". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved 2012-02-19.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Peter Biskind, "Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance and the Rise of Independent Film" (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004), p. 327.
3.Jump up ^ Peter Biskind, "Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance and the Rise of Independent Film" (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004), p. 328-30.
4.Jump up ^ Peter Biskind, "Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance and the Rise of Independent Film" (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004), p. 330-1.
5.Jump up ^ French, Emma, Selling Shakespeare to Hollywood: Marketing of Filmed Shakespeare Adaptations from 1989 Into the New Millennium, University of Hertfordshire Press, 2006, p.153.
6.Jump up ^ Douglas Brode, Shakespeare in the movies: from the silent era to today, Berkley Boulevard Books, 2001, p.240.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Ebert, Roger (25 December 1998). "Shakespeare in Love". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2012-02-16.
8.Jump up ^ Greenwich 2000 (2010-01-05). "Greenwich England: Deptford". Wwp.greenwich2000.com. Retrieved 2010-07-05.
9.Jump up ^ Probes, Christine McCall (2008). "Senses, signs, symbols and theological allusion in Marlowe's The Massacre at Paris". In Deats, Sara Munson; Logan, Robert A. Placing the plays of Christopher Marlowe: Fresh Cultural Contexts. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. p. 149. ISBN 0754662047.
10.Jump up ^ Burt, Richard (2002). Shakespeare After Mass Media. London: Macmillan. p. 306. ISBN 978-0-3122-9454-0.
11.Jump up ^ "Closed government". The Spectator. 6 February 1999. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
12.Jump up ^ Portillo, Rafael; Salvador, Mercedes (2003). Pujante, Ángel-Luis; Hoenselaars, Ton, ed. Four Hundred Years of Shakespeare in Europe. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press. p. 182. ISBN 0-87413-812-4.
13.Jump up ^ "Novelist sues Shakespeare makers". BBC News. 1999-03-23. Retrieved 2008-06-30.
14.Jump up ^ "Writer sues makers of 'Shakespeare in Love'". CNN. 1999-03-23. Archived from the original on 2008-04-04. Retrieved 2008-06-30.
15.^ Jump up to: a b Maslin, Janet (11 December 1998). "Shakespeare Saw a Therapist?". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-02-16.
16.Jump up ^ A.R.T. – American Repertory Theater
17.Jump up ^ Richard Eden (12 December 2010). "Royal wedding: Prince William asks the Queen not to make him a duke". The Telegraph. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
18.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions" (web). Retrieved 2012-03-30.
19.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs Nominees" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-02-16.
20.Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) Ballot
21.Jump up ^ "The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners". Oscars.org. Retrieved 2011-11-19.
22.Jump up ^ "Berlinale: 1999 Prize Winners". Berlinale.de. Retrieved 2012-02-04.
23.Jump up ^ Gordon Cox (21 October 2011). "'Shakespeare' to take stage". Variety (London). Retrieved 25 October 2011.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Shakespeare in Love
Official website
Shakespeare in Love at the Internet Movie Database
Shakespeare in Love at allmovie
Shakespeare in Love at Box Office Mojo
Shakespeare in Love at Rotten Tomatoes

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The Piano Academy Award winner for
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Categories: 1998 films
English-language films
1990s comedy-drama films
1990s romantic comedy films
Best Musical or Comedy Picture Golden Globe winners
Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners
Best Picture Academy Award winners
British comedy-drama films
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Cultural depictions of Elizabeth I of England
Films about actors
Films about William Shakespeare
Films based on Romeo and Juliet
Films directed by John Madden
Films featuring a Best Actress Academy Award winning performance
Films featuring a Best Musical or Comedy Actress Golden Globe winning performance
Films featuring a Best Supporting Actress Academy Award winning performance
Films set in London
Films set in the 16th century
Films set in Tudor England
Films whose art director won the Best Art Direction Academy Award
Films whose writer won the Best Original Screenplay Academy Award
Miramax Films films
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Mamma Mia! (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

Mamma Mia!
MammaMiaTeaserPoster.JPG
Promotional poster
 
Directed by
Phyllida Lloyd
Produced by
Judy Cramer
Gary Goetzman
Screenplay by
Catherine Johnson
Based on
Mamma Mia!
 by Catherine Johnson
Starring
Meryl Streep
Pierce Brosnan
Colin Firth
Stellan Skarsgård
Julie Walters
Dominic Cooper
Amanda Seyfried
Christine Baranski
Music by
Benny Andersson
Björn Ulvaeus
ABBA
Cinematography
Haris Zambarloukos
Editing by
Lesley Walker
Studio
Playtone
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
Release dates
June 30, 2008 (United Kingdom)
July 18, 2008 (United States)
 
Running time
109 minutes
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English
Budget
$52 million
Box office
$609,841,637[1]
Mamma Mia! (promoted as Mamma Mia! The Movie) is a 2008 British musical/romantic comedy film adapted from the 1999 West End/2001 Broadway musical of the same name, based on the songs of successful pop group ABBA, with additional music composed by ABBA member Benny Andersson. The film was directed by Phyllida Lloyd and distributed by Universal Pictures in partnership with Tom Hanks and Rita Wilson's Playtone and Littlestar,[2] and the title originates from ABBA's 1975 chart-topper "Mamma Mia". Meryl Streep heads the cast, playing the role of single mother Donna Sheridan. Pierce Brosnan (Sam Carmichael), Colin Firth (Harry Bright), and Stellan Skarsgård (Bill Anderson) play the three possible fathers to Donna's daughter, Sophie played by Amanda Seyfried.
The film has also developed a cult following since 2009.[3]

Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Musical numbers
4 Production
5 Release 5.1 Reception
5.2 Box office
5.3 Awards and nominations
6 Sequel
7 Home media
8 References
9 External links

Plot[edit]
On a Greek island called Kalokairi, 20-year-old bride-to-be Sophie Sheridan posts three wedding invitations ("I Have a Dream") to different men.
Sophie's bridesmaids and best friends, Ali and Lisa, arrive before the wedding. Sophie reveals that she found her mother's diary and learned she has three possible fathers: New York-based Irish architect Sam Carmichael, Swedish adventurer and writer Bill Anderson, and British banker Harry Bright. She invited them without telling her mother, believing that after she spends time with them she will know who her father is ("Honey, Honey"). Villa owner Donna Sheridan is ecstatic to reunite with her former Dynamos bandmates, wisecracking author Rosie and wealthy multiple divorcée Tanya, and reveals her bafflement at her daughter's desire to get married. Donna shows off the villa and explains her precarious finances to Rosie and Tanya ("Money, Money, Money"). The three men arrive, and Sophie smuggles them to their room and explains that she, not her mother, sent the invitations. She begs them to hide so Donna will have a surprise at the wedding: seeing the old friends of whom she "so often" favourably speaks. They overhear Donna working (humming "Fernando") and swear to Sophie they will not reveal her secret.
Donna spies them and is dumbfounded to find herself facing former lovers she could never forget ("Mamma Mia"), and is adamant that they leave. She confides in Tanya and Rosie ("Chiquitita") a secret she has kept from everyone — she is uncertain which of the men is Sophie's father. Tanya and Rosie rally her spirits by getting Donna to dance with the female staff and islanders ("Dancing Queen"). Sophie finds the men aboard Bill's yacht, and they sail around Kalokairi ("Our Last Summer") and tell stories of Donna as a carefree girl. Sophie musters up the courage to speak with her fiancée Sky about her ploy, but loses her nerve. Sky and Sophie sing to each other ("Lay All Your Love on Me"), but are interrupted when Sky is snatched for his bachelor party.
At Sophie's hen party, Donna, Tanya and Rosie perform as Donna and The Dynamos ("Super Trouper"). Sophie is delighted to see her mother rock out, but becomes nervous when the festivities are interrupted by the arrival of Sam, Bill and Harry. She decides to talk with each of her prospective dads alone. While her girlfriends dance with the men ("Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! (A Man After Midnight)"), Sophie learns from Bill that Donna received the money to invest in her villa from his great aunt Sofia. Sophie guesses she must be Sofia's namesake and Bill is her father. She asks him to give her away and to keep their secret from Donna until the wedding. Sophie's happiness is short-lived as Sam and Harry each tell her they must be her dad and will give her away ("Voulez-Vous"). Sophie cannot tell them the truth and, overwhelmed by the consequences of her actions, faints.
In the morning, Rosie and Tanya reassure Donna they will take care of the men. On Bill's boat, Bill and Harry are about to confide in each other, but are interrupted by Rosie. Donna confronts Sophie, believing Sophie wants the wedding stopped. Sophie says that all she wants is to avoid her mother's mistakes. Donna is accosted by Sam, concerned about Sophie getting married so young. Donna confronts him and both realize they still have feelings for each other ("SOS"). Down on the beach, Tanya and young Pepper continue their flirtations from the previous night ("Does Your Mother Know"). Sophie confesses to Sky and asks for his help. He reacts angrily to his fiancée's deception and Sophie turns to her mother for support. As Donna helps her daughter dress for the wedding, their rift is healed and Donna reminisces about Sophie's childhood and how quickly she has grown ("Slipping Through My Fingers"). Sophie asks Donna to give her away. As the bridal party walks to the chapel, Sam intercepts Donna, begging her to talk. She reveals the pain she felt over losing him ("The Winner Takes It All").
Sophie and Donna walk down the aisle as the band plays "Knowing Me, Knowing You". Donna tells Sophie that her father could be any of the three men, whom Sophie admits to inviting. Sam reveals that while he left to get married, he did not go through with it, and returned to find Donna with another man. Harry confesses that Donna was the first and last woman he loved, and reveals he has begun a relationship with a waiter from the taverna. The three men agree that they would be happy to be one-third of a father for Sophie. She tells Sky they should postpone their wedding and travel the world as they have wanted. Seeing that there is a chance a wedding can still be done and not wanting any of the wedding preparations to go to waste, Sam proposes to Donna ("I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do"). She accepts and they are married. At the reception, Sam sings to Donna ("When All Is Said and Done"), which prompts Rosie to make a play for Bill ("Take a Chance on Me"). All the couples present proclaim their love ("Mamma Mia" reprise). Sophie and Sky bid farewell to Kalokairi and sail away ("I Have a Dream" reprise).
During the principal credits, Donna, Tanya and Rosie reprise "Dancing Queen", followed by "Waterloo" with the rest of the cast. Amanda Seyfried sings "Thank You for the Music" over the end credits, followed by an instrumental of "Does Your Mother Know".
Cast[edit]
Meryl Streep as Donna Carmichael (née Sheridan), Sophie's mother, owner of the hotel Villa Donna, and wife of Sam at the end.
Amanda Seyfried as Sophie Sheridan, Donna's daughter, Sky's fiancée and current girlfriend.[4]
Pierce Brosnan as Sam Carmichael, Sophie's possible father, husband to Donna, and an Irish-American architect.[5]
Colin Firth as Harry Bright, Sophie's possible father and an English banker; based on "Our Last Summer", which he sings at one point.
Stellan Skarsgård as Bill Anderson, Sophie's possible father, a Swedish sailor and travel writer.
Dominic Cooper as Sky, Sophie's fiancé, designing a website for the hotel.
Julie Walters as Rosie Mulligan, one of Donna's former bandmates in Donna and the Dynamos; an unmarried fun-loving author.
Christine Baranski as Tanya Chesham-Leigh, Donna's other former bandmate; a rich three-time divorcee.
Philip Michael as Pepper, Sky's best man who likes Tanya. He is also a bartender.
Juan Pablo Di Pace as Petros.
Ashley Lilley as Ali, close friend of Sophie and her bridesmaid.
Rachel McDowall as Lisa, close friend of Sophie and her bridesmaid.
Enzo Squillino as Gregoris, one of Donna Sheridan's employees.
Niall Buggy as Father Alex, priest who nearly married Sophie and Sky, but ends up marrying Sam and Donna.
Cameo appearances and Uncredited RolesBenny Andersson as Piano player
Björn Ulvaeus as Greek god
Rita Wilson as Greek goddess

 

ABBA appeared together with the film's cast in 2008.
Musical numbers[edit]
See also: Mamma Mia! The Movie Soundtrack
The following songs are included in the film, of which 18 (including a hidden track) are on the soundtrack album, and 3 are excluded:
1."I Have a Dream" - Sophie
2."Honey, Honey" - Sophie, Ali and Lisa
3."Money, Money, Money" - Donna, Tanya, Rosie and Greek Chorus
4."Mamma Mia" - Donna, Sophie, Ali, Lisa and Greek Chorus
5."Chiquitita" - Rosie, Tanya and Donna
6."Dancing Queen" - Tanya, Rosie, Donna, Greek Chorus and Company
7."Our Last Summer" - Harry, Bill, Sam and Sophie
8."Lay All Your Love on Me" - Sky, Sophie, Sky's Bachelor party friends.
9."Super Trouper" - Donna, Tanya and Rosie
10."Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! (A Man After Midnight)" - Sophie, Donna, Tanya, Rosie, Ali, Lisa and Greek Chorus
11."Voulez-Vous" - Donna, Sam, Tanya, Rosie, Harry, Bill, Sky, Ali, Lisa and Pepper
12."The Name of the Game" - Sophie (deleted scene)
13."SOS" - Sam, Donna and Greek Chorus
14."Does Your Mother Know" - Tanya, Pepper, Lisa, Guys and Girls
15."Slipping Through My Fingers" - Donna and Sophie
16."The Winner Takes It All" - Donna
17."I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do" - Sam, Donna and Company
18."When All Is Said and Done" - Sam, Donna and Company
19."Take a Chance on Me" - Rosie, Bill, Tanya, Pepper ,Harry and Company
20."Mamma Mia!" (Reprise) - Company
21."I Have a Dream" (Reprise) - Sophie
22."Dancing Queen" (Reprise) - Donna, Rosie and Tanya
23."Waterloo" - Donna, Rosie, Tanya, Sam, Bill, Harry, Sky and Sophie
24."Thank You for the Music" - Sophie
Production[edit]

 

 Movie was filmed in the Greek island of Skopelos
 

 The Agios Ioannis chapel during filming of the wedding scene for Mamma Mia!.
Most of the outdoor scenes were filmed on location at the small Greek island of Skopelos (during August/September 2007),[6] and the seaside hamlet of Damouchari in the Pelion area of Greece. On Skopelos, Kastani beach on the south west coast was the film's main location site.[6] The producers built a beach bar and jetty along the beach, but removed both set pieces after production wrapped.[6] A complete set for Donna's Greek villa was built at the 007 stage at Pinewood Studios and most of the film was shot there. Real trees were utilised for the set, watered daily through an automated watering system and given access to daylight in order to keep them growing.
The part of the film where Brosnan's character, Sam, leaves his New York office to go to the Greek Island was actually filmed at the iconic Lloyd's Building on Lime Street in the City of London. He dashes down the escalators and through the porte-cochere, where yellow cabs and actors representing New York mounted police were used for authenticity.[7]
The "Fernando" Bill Anderson's yacht (actually a ketch) in the film was the Tai-Mo-Shan built in 1934 by H. S. Rouse at the Hong Kong and Whampoa dockyards.[8][9]
Meryl Streep had taken opera singing lessons as a child, and as an adult, she had previously sung in several films, including Postcards from the Edge, Silkwood, Death Becomes Her, and A Prairie Home Companion.[10]
Release[edit]
Though the world premiere of the film occurred elsewhere, most of the media attention was focused on the Swedish premiere, where Anni-Frid Lyngstad and Agnetha Fältskog joined Björn Ulvaeus and Benny Andersson joined the cast at the Rival Theatre in Mariatorget, Stockholm, owned by Andersson, on July 4, 2008. It was the first time all four members of ABBA had been photographed together since 1986.[11]
Reception[edit]
Mamma Mia! received mixed reviews from critics. Rotten Tomatoes reported that 54% of critics gave the film positive reviews based upon a sample of 175 reviews, with an average rating of 5.5/10.[12] The Times gave it four stars out of five,[13] as did Channel 4 which said it had "all the swing and sparkle of sequined bell-bottoms."[14] BBC Radio 5 Live's film critic Mark Kermode admitted to enjoying the film, despite describing the experience as 'the closest you get to see A-List actors doing drunken karaoke'.[15] The Guardian was more negative, giving it one star, stating that the film gave the reviewer a "need to vomit",[16] while Bob Chipman of Escape to the Movies said it was "so base, so shallow and so hinged on meaningless spectacle, it's amazing it wasn't made for men".[17] The Daily Telegraph stated that it was enjoyable but poorly put together ("Finding the film a total shambles was sort of a shame, but I have a sneaking suspicion I'll go to see it again anyway."),[18] whereas Empire said it was "cute, clean, camp fun, full of sunshine and toe tappers."[19]
The casting of actors not noted for their singing abilities led to some mixed reviews. Variety stated that "some stars, especially the bouncy and rejuvenated Streep, seem better suited for musical comedy than others, including Brosnan and Skarsgård."[20] Brosnan, especially, was savaged by many critics: his singing was compared to "a water buffalo" (New York Magazine),[21] "a donkey braying" (The Philadelphia Inquirer)[22] and "a wounded raccoon" (The Miami Herald),[23] and Matt Brunson of Creative Loafing Charlotte said he "looks physically pained choking out the lyrics, as if he's being subjected to a prostate exam just outside of the camera's eye."[24]
Box office[edit]
As of April 6, 2009, Mamma Mia! has grossed a worldwide total of $602,609,487 and is the fifth highest-grossing film of 2008.[1] It eventually became the highest grossing musical of all-time in terms of worldwide gross. It is the third highest-grossing film of 2008 internationally (i.e., outside North America) with an international total of $458,479,424 and the thirteenth highest gross of 2008 in North America (the US and Canada) with $144,130,063.
In the United Kingdom, Mamma Mia! has grossed £69,166,087 as of January 23, 2009, and is the sixth highest grossing film of all time at the UK box office (behind Skyfall, Avatar, Titanic, Toy Story 3, and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 2).[25] The film opened at #1 in the U.K, taking £6,594,058 on 496 screens. It managed to hold onto the top spot for 2 weeks, narrowly keeping Pixar's WALL-E from reaching #1 in its second week.
When released on July 3 in Greece, the film grossed $1,602,646 in its opening weekend, ranking #1 at the Greek box office.[26]
The film made $9,627,000 in its opening day in the United States and Canada, and $27,605,376 in its opening weekend, ranking #2 at the box office, behind The Dark Knight.[27] At the time, it made Mamma Mia! the record-holder for the highest grossing opening weekend for a movie musical, surpassing Hairspray's box office record in 2007.
Awards and nominations[edit]
Golden Globe Awards[28] Best Motion Picture: Comedy or Musical Nominated
Best Actress in a Motion Picture: Comedy or Musical (Meryl Streep) Nominated
BAFTA Awards[29] Outstanding British Film Nominated
The Carl Foreman Award for Special Achievement by a British Director, Writer or Producer for their First Feature Film (Judy Craymer) Nominated
Outstanding Music (Benny Andersson, Björn Ulvaeus) Nominated
Razzie Awards[30] Worst Supporting Actor (Pierce Brosnan) WINNER

Sequel[edit]
Because of the film's financial success, Hollywood studio chief David Linde, the co-chairman of Universal Studios told The Daily Mail that it would take a while, but there could be a sequel. He stated that he would be delighted if Judy Craymer, Catherine Johnson, Phyllida Lloyd, Benny Andersson, and Björn Ulvaeus agreed to the project, noting that there are still plenty of ABBA songs to use.[31]
Home media[edit]
November 2008, Mamma Mia! became the fastest-selling DVD of all time in the UK, according to Official UK Charts Company figures. It sold 1,669,084 copies on its first day of release, breaking the previous record (held by Titanic) by 560,000 copies. By the end of 2008, The Official UK Charts Company declared it had become the biggest selling DVD ever in the UK, with one in every four households owning a copy (over 5 million copies sold).[32] The record was previously held by Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl with sales of 4.7 million copies.
In the United States the DVD made over $30 million on its first day of release.[33]
By December 31, 2008, Mamma Mia! had become the best-selling DVD of all time in Sweden with 545,000 copies sold.[34]
1-disc featuresSing-along
"The Name of the Game" deleted musical number
Audio commentary with director Phyllida Lloyd
The single-disc DVD released in Sweden on 26 November contains all of the following:
Sing-along
"The Name of the Game" deleted musical number
Deleted scenes
Outtakes
The Making of Mamma Mia! featurette
Anatomy of a Musical Number: "Lay All Your Love on Me"
Becoming a Singer featurette
A look inside Mamma Mia! featurette
"Gimme! Gimme! Gimme!" music video
Björn Ulvaeus cameo
Audio commentary with director Phyllida Lloyd
German and English audio
Subtitles in English, German, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Norwegian, Swedish and Icelandic
2-disc special edition
The widescreen single-disc includes a bonus disc which includes:
Limited time only digital copy
Deleted scenes
Outtakes
The Making of Mamma Mia! featurette
Anatomy of a Musical Number: "Lay All Your Love on Me"
Becoming a Singer featurette
Behind the scenes with Amanda
On Location in Greece featurette
A Look Inside Mamma Mia! featurette
"Gimme! Gimme! Gimme!" music video
Björn Ulvaeus cameo
Blu-ray exclusivesUniversal Pictures' U-Control[35]
Behind the Hits (details and trivia of the music while the musical performance plays)
Picture-in-picture (access to cast and crew interviews and behind the scene while the movie plays)
.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Mamma Mia! (2008)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2009-02-05.
2.Jump up ^ "Mamma Mia! (2008) - Company Credits". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2008-04-05.
3.Jump up ^ http://www.totalfilm.com/features/the-34-greatest-cult-movies-of-all-time/mamma-mia
4.Jump up ^ "Amanda Seyfried". Imdb.com. Retrieved 2009-01-17.
5.Jump up ^ "Brosnan set for Abba show movie". BBC. 2007-03-07. Retrieved 2008-03-09.  |coauthors= requires |author= (help)
6.^ Jump up to: a b c Mansfield, Paul (2008-07-15). "Mamma Mia! - Unfazed by the fuss in Skopelos". London: The Telegraph. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
7.Jump up ^ description of London locations, accessed 28 August 2009.
8.Jump up ^ "45’ Teak Ketch 1933. Yacht for sale from classic yacht broker in Poole". Sandeman Yacht brokerage Poole. Sandeman Yacht Company. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
9.Jump up ^ "Tai-Mo-Shan". Coburg Yacht Brokers website. Coburg Yacht Brokers. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
10.Jump up ^ Hiscock, John (2008-07-04). "Meryl Streep the singing and dancing queen". London: The Telegraph. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
11.Jump up ^ Sandra Wejbro (2008-07-04). "ABBA återförenades på röda mattan (Swedish)". Aftonbladet. Retrieved 2008-07-06.
12.Jump up ^ "Mamma Mia! Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2012-07-07.
13.Jump up ^ Times Online
14.Jump up ^ Channel 4 review
15.Jump up ^ BBC 5 Live Kermode and Mayo Film Review
16.Jump up ^ Guardian Review
17.Jump up ^ [1]
18.Jump up ^ Telegraph review
19.Jump up ^ Empire review
20.Jump up ^ Variety Review
21.Jump up ^ New York Magazine, New York Movies
22.Jump up ^ Philadelphia Inquirer Movie Review, July 18, 2008
23.Jump up ^ Miami Herald Movies, July 18, 2008
24.Jump up ^ Charlotte Film Reviews, July 23, 2008
25.Jump up ^ "UK all time top grossing films". 25thframe.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
26.Jump up ^ "Greece Box Office Index". Box Office Mojo. June 10, 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
27.Jump up ^ "Box Office Mojo". Box Office Mojo. July 19, 2008. Retrieved 2008-07-19.
28.Jump up ^ HOLLYWOOD FOREIGN PRESS ASSOCIATION 2008 GOLDEN GLOBE AWARDS NOMINATIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
29.Jump up ^ 2009 BAFTA Film Awards
30.Jump up ^ Wilson, John (2009). "29th Annual Golden Raspberry (Razzie) Award "Winners"". Home of the Golden Raspberry Award Foundation. Golden Raspberry Award Foundation. Retrieved 2009-05-01.
31.Jump up ^ "Baz Bamigboye on a possible Mamma Mia sequel, Kate Winslet, Leonardo DiCaprio and much more". Mail Online. 2008-10-17. Retrieved 2010-01-17.  |coauthors= requires |author= (help)
32.Jump up ^ Hollywood Reporter - Mamma Mia now biggest selling DVD in UK history
33.Jump up ^ MAMMA MIA! DVD Takes In 30 Million In First Day Of Sales
34.Jump up ^ http://nyheterna.se/1.799701/
35.Jump up ^ "Updated: Mamma Mia! Offers a Blu-ray First, Details Announced | HDR TheHDRoom". Thehdroom.com. 2008-10-29. Retrieved 2009-01-17.
External links[edit]
Official website
Mamma Mia! at the Internet Movie Database
Mamma Mia! at allmovie
Mamma Mia! at Box Office Mojo
Mamma Mia! at Rotten Tomatoes
Mamma Mia! at Metacritic
Mamma Mia! production notes

[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
ABBA

 
Agnetha Fältskog ·
 Björn Ulvaeus ·
 Benny Andersson ·
 Anni-Frid Lyngstad
 
 
Studio albums

Ring Ring (1973)
"Ring Ring" ·
 "Another Town, Another Train" ·
 "Disillusion" ·
 "People Need Love" ·
 "I Saw It in the Mirror" ·
 "Nina, Pretty Ballerina" ·
 "Love Isn't Easy (But It Sure Is Hard Enough)" ·
 "Me and Bobby and Bobby's Brother" ·
 "He Is Your Brother" ·
 "She's My Kind of Girl" ·
 "I Am Just a Girl" ·
 "Rock'n Roll Band" ·
 Bonus Tracks: ·
 "Merry-Go-Round" ·
 "Santa Rosa"
 
 
Waterloo (1974)
"Waterloo" ·
 "Sitting in the Palmtree" ·
 "King Kong Song" ·
 "Hasta Mañana" ·
 "My Mama Said" ·
 "Dance (While the Music Still Goes On)" ·
 "Honey, Honey" ·
 "Watch Out" ·
 "What About Livingstone?" ·
 "Gonna Sing You My Lovesong" ·
 "Suzy-Hang-Around"
 
 
ABBA (1975)
"Mamma Mia" ·
 "Hey, Hey Helen" ·
 "Tropical Loveland" ·
 "SOS" ·
 "Man in the Middle" ·
 "Bang-A-Boomerang" ·
 "I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do" ·
 "Rock Me" ·
 "Intermezzo No. 1" (instrumental) ·
 "I've Been Waiting for You" ·
 "So Long" ·
 Bonus Tracks: ·
 "Crazy World" ·
 "Pick a Bale of Cotton/On Top of Old Smoky/Midnight Special medley"
 
 
Arrival (1976)
"When I Kissed the Teacher" ·
 "Dancing Queen" ·
 "My Love, My Life" ·
 "Dum Dum Diddle" ·
 "Knowing Me, Knowing You" ·
 "Money, Money, Money" ·
 "That's Me" ·
 "Why Did It Have to Be Me?" ·
 "Tiger" ·
 "Arrival" (instrumental) ·
 Bonus Tracks: ·
 "Fernando" ·
 "Happy Hawaii"
 
 
ABBA: The Album (1977)
"Eagle" ·
 "Take a Chance on Me" ·
 "One Man, One Woman" ·
 "The Name of the Game" ·
 "Move On" ·
 "Hole in Your Soul" ·
 "Thank You for the Music" ·
 "I Wonder (Departure)" ·
 "I'm a Marionette"
 
 
Voulez-Vous (1979)
"As Good as New" ·
 "Voulez-Vous" ·
 "I Have a Dream" ·
 "Angeleyes" ·
 "The King Has Lost His Crown" ·
 "Does Your Mother Know" ·
 "If It Wasn't for the Nights" ·
 "Chiquitita" ·
 "Lovers (Live a Little Longer)" ·
 "Kisses of Fire" ·
 Bonus Tracks: ·
 "Summer Night City" ·
 "Lovelight" ·
 "Gimme! Gimme! Gimme! (A Man After Midnight)"
 
 
Super Trouper (1980)
"Super Trouper" ·
 "The Winner Takes It All" ·
 "On and On and On" ·
 "Andante, Andante" ·
 "Me and I" ·
 "Happy New Year" ·
 "Our Last Summer" ·
 "The Piper" ·
 "Lay All Your Love on Me" ·
 "The Way Old Friends Do" (live) ·
 Bonus Tracks: ·
 "Elaine" ·
 "Put On Your White Sombrero"
 
 
The Visitors (1981)
"The Visitors (Crackin' Up)" ·
 "Head over Heels" ·
 "When All Is Said and Done" ·
 "Soldiers" ·
 "I Let the Music Speak" ·
 "One of Us" ·
 "Two for the Price of One" ·
 "Slipping Through My Fingers" ·
 "Like an Angel Passing Through My Room" ·
 Bonus Tracks: ·
 "Should I Laugh Or Cry" ·
 "I Am the City" ·
 "You Owe Me One" ·
 "Cassandra" ·
 "Under Attack" ·
 "The Day Before You Came"
 

 
Compilations
Greatest Hits ·
 Greatest Hits Vol. 2 ·
 Gracias Por La Música ·
 The Singles: The First Ten Years ·
 Thank You for the Music ·
 Gold: Greatest Hits ·
 Oro: Grandes Éxitos ·
 More Gold: More Hits ·
 Thank You for the Music ·
 The Definitive Collection ·
 18 Hits ·
 The Complete Studio Recordings ·
 Number Ones ·
 The Albums
 
 
Other albums
ABBA Live ·
 List of ABBA tribute albums  (Abba-esque ·
 The ABBA Generation ·
 ABBAmania ·
 Abbasalutely ·
 Rajaton Sings ABBA with Lahti Symphony Orchestra ·
 A Tribute to ABBA)
   ·
 Mamma Mia  (Mamma Mia! Original Cast Recording ·
 Mamma Mia! The Movie Soundtrack)
 
 
 
Tours and TV specials
Eurovision Song Contest 1974 ·
 European & Australian Tour (ABBA) ·
 ABBA: The Tour ·
 Dick Cavett Meets ABBA ·
 Congratulations
 
 
Films and musicals
ABBA: The Movie ·
 The Girl with the Golden Hair ·
 Mamma Mia! ·
 Mamma Mia! (film)
 
 
Video games
SingStar ABBA ·
 ABBA: You Can Dance
 
 
Related music
Discography ·
 Awards and nominations ·
 Songs ·
 Just Like That ·
 Unreleased songs ·
 ABBA: The Museum ·
 Music of Sweden
 
 
Related people and groups
Stig Anderson ·
 Rutger Gunnarsson ·
 Ola Brunkert ·
 Michael B. Tretow ·
 Lasse Hallström ·
 A-Teens ·
 Linda Ulvaeus
 
 
Wikipedia book Book:ABBA


 

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Twins (disambiguation)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  (Redirected from Twins (film))
Jump to: navigation, search

 Look up twins in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Twins are two offspring produced in the same pregnancy.
Twins may also refer to:

Contents  [hide]
1 Film & television
2 Music
3 Other uses
4 See also
Film & television[edit]
The Twins (1923 film), a 1923 Australian silent film
Twins (1925 film), a film starring Stan Laurel
Twins (1988 film), a film starring Arnold Schwarzenegger and Danny DeVito
The Twins (2005 film), a 2005 South Korean film
Twins (TV series), a 2005 American sitcom
The Twins (1979 TV series), a Hong Kong television series
Twins (The Matrix), fictional characters in the 2003 film The Matrix Reloaded
The Twins (Transformers)
Music[edit]
Twins (group), a Hong-Kong based Cantopop group Twins (2001 EP), an EP by Twins
Twins (2002 EP), an EP by Twins
The Twins (group), a German pop group
TWiiNS, a Slovak pop group
Twins (Ornette Coleman album), 1961
Twins (By2 album), 2009
Twins (In the Nursery album), 1986
Twins (Ty Segall album), 2012
"Twins (Knock Out)", a 2005 song by Super Junior
Other uses[edit]
World Trade Center, the Twin Towers in lower Manhattan destroyed in the 9/11 terrorist attack
LG Twins, a Korean baseball team
Minnesota Twins, a MLB baseball team
NASA TWINS Mission, a NASA program
Twins, a series of twenty-six children's books by Lucy Fitch Perkins
The Twins (novel), by Tessa De-Loo
Twins (book), a 2006 young adult novel by Marcy Dermansky
Twins, a photobook by Steven Underhill
Twins --- A Variety Store Named "The End of the World", a novel by Novala Takemoto
See also[edit]
Twinz, an American hip hop duo
Twin (disambiguation)
Twin Sisters (disambiguation)
Gemini (disambiguation)
"The Twins", a poem by Henry Sambrooke Leigh
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Pretty Woman
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  (Redirected from Pretty Woman (film))
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This article is about the film. For the song sometimes known as "Pretty Woman", see Oh, Pretty Woman. For the song in the musical Sweeney Todd, see Pretty Women.
Not to be confused with Pretty Lady.

Pretty Woman
A man in a suit stands back to back with a woman wearing a short skirt and thigh high boots.
Theatrical release poster
 
Directed by
Garry Marshall
Produced by
Arnon Milchan
Steven Reuther
Gary W. Goldstein
Written by
J. F. Lawton
Starring
Julia Roberts
Richard Gere
Music by
James Newton Howard
Cinematography
Charles Minsky
Editing by
Raja Gosnell
 Priscilla Nedd
Studio
Touchstone Pictures
Distributed by
Buena Vista Pictures
Release dates
March 23, 1990
 
Running time
119 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$14 million
Box office
$463,407,268
Pretty Woman is a 1990 American romantic comedy film set in Los Angeles. Written by J. F. Lawton and directed by Garry Marshall, the film stars Richard Gere and Julia Roberts, and features Hector Elizondo, Ralph Bellamy (in his final performance), and Jason Alexander in supporting roles. The story of Pretty Woman centers on the down-on-her-luck Hollywood prostitute Vivian Ward who is hired by a wealthy businessman, Edward Lewis, to be his escort for several business and social functions, and their developing relationship over the course of Vivian's week-long stay with him.
Originally intended to be a dark cautionary tale about class and prostitution in Los Angeles, this motion picture was reconceived as romantic comedy with a large budget. It was widely successful at the box office, and it became one of the highest money-makers of 1990.
Today it is one of the most financially successful entries in the romantic comedy genre, with an estimated gross income of $463.4 million.[1] It is considered by many critics to be the most successful movie in the genre.[2]
Pretty Woman is one of the most popular films of all time; it saw the highest number of ticket sales in the US ever for a romantic comedy,[3] with Box Office Mojo listing it as the #1 romantic comedy by the highest estimated domestic tickets sold at 42,176,400, slightly ahead of My Big Fat Greek Wedding (2002) at 41,419,500 tickets.
The film received a moderate amount of critical praise, particularly for the performance of Roberts, for which she received a Golden Globe Award, and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress. In addition, the screenwriter J. F. Lawton was nominated for a Writers Guild Award and a BAFTA Award. This movie was followed by a string of similar romantic comedies, including Runaway Bride (1999), which re-united Gere and Roberts under the direction of Garry Marshall once again.

Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production 3.1 Development
3.2 Casting
3.3 Filming
4 Reception 4.1 Box office
4.2 Critical response
4.3 Accolades
5 Music 5.1 Soundtrack
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

Plot[edit]
Edward Lewis (Gere), a successful businessman and "corporate raider", takes a detour on Hollywood Boulevard to ask for directions. Receiving little help, he encounters a prostitute named Vivian Ward (Roberts) who is willing to assist him in getting to his destination.
The morning after, Edward hires Vivian to stay with him for a week as an escort for social events. Vivian advises him that it "will cost him," and Edward agrees to give her $3,000 and access to his credit cards. Vivian then goes shopping on Rodeo Drive, only to be snubbed by saleswomen who disdain her because of her unsophisticated appearance. Initially, hotel manager Barnard Thompson (Hector Elizondo) is also somewhat taken aback. But he relents and decides to help her buy a dress, even coaching her on dinner etiquette. Edward returns and is visibly amazed by Vivian's transformation. The business dinner does not end well, however, with Edward making clear his intention to dismantle Morse's corporation once it was bought, close down the shipyard which Morse spent 40 years building, and sell the land for real estate. Morse and his grandson abandon their dinner in anger, while Edward remains preoccupied with the deal afterward. Back at the hotel, Edward reveals to Vivian that he had not spoken to his recently deceased father for 14 and half years. Later that night, the two make love on the grand piano in the hotel lounge.
The next morning, Vivian tells Edward about the snubbing that took place the day before. Edward takes Vivian on a shopping spree. Vivian then returns, carrying all the bags, to the shop that had snubbed her, telling the salesgirls they had made a big mistake.
The following day, Edward takes Vivian to a polo match where he is interested in networking for his business deal. While Vivian chats with David Morse, the grandson of the man involved in Edward's latest deal, Philip Stuckey (Edward's attorney) wonders if she is a spy. Edward re-assures him by telling him how they met, and Philip (Jason Alexander) then approaches Vivian and offers to hire her once she is finished with Edward, inadvertently insulting her. When they return to the hotel, she is furious with Edward for telling Phillip about her. She plans to leave, but he apologizes and persuades her to see out the week. Edward leaves work early the next day and takes a breath-taking Vivian on a date to the opera in San Francisco in his private jet. She is clearly moved by the opera (which is La Traviata, whose plot deals with a rich man tragically falling in love with a courtesan).
While playing chess with Edward after returning, Vivian persuades him to take the next day off. They spend the entire day together, and then have sex, in a personal rather than professional way. Just before she falls asleep, Vivian admits that she's in love with Edward. Over breakfast, Edward offers to put Vivian up in an apartment so he can continue seeing her. She feels insulted and says this is not the "fairy tale" she wants. He then goes off to work without resolving the situation. Vivian's friend, Kit De Luca (Laura San Giacomo), comes to the hotel and realizes that Vivian is in love with Edward.
Edward meets with Mr. Morse, about to close the deal, and changes his mind at the last minute. His time with Vivian has shown him another way of living and working, taking time off and enjoying activities for which he initially had little time. As a result, his strong interest towards his business is put aside. He decides that he would rather help Morse than take over his company. Furious, Philip goes to the hotel to confront Edward, but only finds Vivian there. He blames her for changing Edward and tries to rape her. Edward arrives in time to stop Philip, chastising him for his greed and ordering him to leave the room.
Edward tends to Vivian and tries to persuade her to stay with him because she wants to, not because he's paying her. She refuses once again and returns to the apartment she shares with Kit, preparing to leave for San Francisco to earn a G.E.D. in the hopes of a better life. Edward gets into the car with the chauffeur that took her home. Instead of going to the airport, he goes to her apartment arriving accompanied by music from La Traviata. He climbs up the fire escape, despite his fear of heights, with a bouquet of roses clutched between his teeth, to woo her.
His leaping from the white limousine, and then climbing the outside ladder and steps, is a visual urban metaphor for the knight on white horse rescuing the "princess" from the tower, a childhood fantasy Vivian told him about. The film ends as the two of them kiss on the fire escape.
Cast[edit]
Richard Gere as Edward Lewis, a rich, ruthless businessman from New York who is alone on business for a week in Los Angeles. At the start of the film, he borrows a Lotus Esprit from his lawyer and, not being able to drive it well, winds up lost in the red-light district. While asking for directions back to the Beverly Wilshire Hotel he meets a hooker named Vivian.
Julia Roberts as Vivian Ward, a beautiful, kind-hearted prostitute on Hollywood Boulevard, who is independent and assertive—refusing to have a pimp and fiercely reserving the right to choose her customers and what she would do and not do when with them. She runs into Edward, a wealthy businessman, when he asks her for directions to Beverly Hills. Edward hires Vivian for the night and offers her $3,000 to spend the week as his escort to business social engagements.
Ralph Bellamy as James Morse, a businessman and owner of an underperforming company that Edward is interested in buying and breaking up. Edward later has a change of heart and offers to partner with Morse for a Navy shipbuilding contract that would effectively make his company strong again.
Jason Alexander as Philip Stuckey, Edward's insensitive lawyer. Philip pesters Edward after he sees Vivian and David Morse getting along. After learning that Vivian is a prostitute, Philip propositions her (to her dismay). After a lucrative deal falls through because of Edward's feelings for Vivian, he angrily tries to force himself on her but is stopped by Edward. The epitome of corporate greed, Philip represents what Edward might have become had he not met Vivian and changed his outlook on life.
John David Carson as Mark Roth, a businessman in Edward's office.
Laura San Giacomo as Kit De Luca, Vivian's wisecracking friend and roommate, who spent their rent money on drugs. After Vivian gives her rent money and a little more, while telling her that she has 'potential', an inspired Kit begins to plan for a life off the streets.
Alex Hyde-White as David Morse, James Morse's grandson, who is smart and is being groomed to take over the Morse Company when his grandfather either dies or retires. He plays polo and might have feelings toward Vivian as he shows her his horse during the game that Edward and Vivian attend.
Amy Yasbeck as Elizabeth Stuckey, Philip's wife, who likes to be the center of attention in everything. She is quite sarcastic to Vivian when they first meet at the polo game, although she does tell Edward that Vivian is sweet.
Elinor Donahue as Bridget, a friend of Barney Thompson who works in a women's clothing store and is asked by Barney to help Vivian purchase a dress after Vivian has an encounter with two snobby women in another dress store.
Hector Elizondo as Barnard "Barney" Thompson, the stuffy but golden-hearted manager of the hotel. At first, Barnard does not hide his disdain for Vivian, but he eventually befriends her, helps her buy a cocktail dress, and gives her lessons in table manners.
Judith Baldwin as Susan, one of Edward's ex-girlfriends, with whom Edward reunites at the beginning of the film. She has married and reveals to Edward that his secretary was one of her bridesmaids.
Laurelle Brooks Mehus as the night desk clerk where among other scenes she shared the opening hotel scene with Vivian and Edward.
James Patrick Stuart as the day bellhop who carries Vivian's new clothes for her after her shopping spree.
Dey Young as a snobby saleswoman in a dress store.
Larry Miller as Mr. Hollister, the salesman in the clothing store where Vivian buys her cocktail dress and many other outfits using Edward's credit card.
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
Pretty Woman was initially conceived to be a dark drama about prostitution in Los Angeles in the 1980s.[4] The relationship between Vivian and Edward also originally harboured controversial themes, including the concept of having Vivian addicted to drugs; part of the deal was that she had to stay off cocaine for a week, because she needed the money to go to Disneyland. Edward eventually throws her out of his car and drives off. The movie was scripted to end with Vivian and her prostitute friend on the bus to Disneyland.[4] These traits, considered by producer Laura Ziskin to be detrimental to the otherwise sympathetic portrayal of her, were removed or incorporated into the character of Vivian's friend, Kit. These "cut scenes" have been found in public view, and some were included on the DVD released on the film's 15th anniversary.[4] One such scene has Vivian offering Edward, "I could just pop ya good and be on my way", indicating a lack of interest in "pillow talk". In another, she is confronted by drug dealers outside The Blue Banana, and rescued by Edward and Darryl.
Pretty Woman bears striking resemblances to Pygmalion myths: particularly George Bernard Shaw's play of the same name, which also formed the basis for the Broadway musical My Fair Lady. It was then-Disney Studio President Jeffrey Katzenberg who insisted the film should be re-written as a modern-day fairy tale with qualities of a love story, as opposed to being the dark drama it was originally developed as. It was pitched to Touchstone Pictures and re-written as a romantic comedy. The original script was titled $3,000, however this title was changed because executives at Touchstone thought it sounded like a title for a science fiction film.[5] It also has unconfirmed references to That Touch of Mink, starring Doris Day and Cary Grant.
Casting[edit]
Casting of Pretty Woman was a rather lengthy process. Marshall had initially considered Christopher Reeve, Daniel Day-Lewis, and Denzel Washington for the role of Lewis, and Al Pacino turned it down.[6] Pacino went as far as doing a casting reading with Roberts before rejecting the part.[7] Gere agreed to the project. Reportedly, Gere started off much more active in his role, but Garry Marshall took him aside and said "No, no, no. Richard. In this movie, one of you moves and one of you does not. Guess which one you are?"[citation needed] Julia Roberts was not the first-choice for the role of Vivian, and was not wanted by Disney. Many other actresses were considered at the time. Marshall originally envisioned Karen Allen for the role. When she declined, it went to many better-known actresses of the time including Molly Ringwald,[8] who turned it down because she felt uncomfortable with the content in the script, and did not like the idea of playing a prostitute. Winona Ryder, a popular box-office draw at the time, auditioned, but was turned down because Marshall felt she was "too young". Jennifer Connelly was also dismissed for the same reason.[4]
Meg Ryan, who was a top choice of Marshall's, turned it down. According to a note written by Marshall, Mary Steenburgen was the first choice to play Vivian. Michelle Pfeiffer turned the role down as well, because she did not like the "tone" of the script.[9] Daryl Hannah was also considered, but turned the role down because she believed it was "degrading to women".[9] Valeria Golino also turned it down as she did not think the movie could work with her thick Italian accent. Jennifer Jason Leigh had auditioned for the part, but later decided not to do the movie after she read the script because she felt it was sexist.[10] When all the other actresses turned down the role, 21-year-old Julia Roberts, who was relatively unknown at the time, with the exception of her Oscar-nominated performance in the film Steel Magnolias (1989), won the role of Vivian. Roberts' performance made her a star.
Filming[edit]
Pretty Woman's budget was substantial; therefore producers could shoot in many locations on the film's estimated budget of $14 million.[4] The majority of the film was shot on location in Los Angeles, California, specifically in Beverly Hills, and inside soundstages at Walt Disney Studios in Burbank. The escargot restaurant called "The Voltaire" was shot at the restaurant "Rex", now called "Cicada". The filming of the Beverly Wilshire Hotel lobby was shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles. Filming commenced on July 24, 1989, but was immediately plagued by countless problems, including issues with space and time. This included Ferrari and Porsche, who had declined the product placement opportunity of the car Edward drove, because the manufacturers did not want to be associated with soliciting prostitutes.[4] Lotus Cars saw the placement value with such a major feature film. This company supplied a Silver 1989.5 Esprit SE (which was later sold). This gamble paid off as the sales of the Lotus Esprit tripled during 1990-91.[citation needed]
Shooting was a generally pleasurable and easy-going experience for those involved, the film's budget was broad and the shooting schedule was not tight.[4] While shooting the scene where Vivian is lying down on the floor of Edward's penthouse, watching re-runs of I Love Lucy, in order to achieve a genuine laughter, Garry Marshall had to tickle Roberts' feet (out of camera range) to get her to laugh so hysterically, which is featured in the film. Likewise the scene in which Gere playfully snaps the lid of a jewelry case on Roberts' fingers was improvised by Gere, and Roberts' surprised laugh was genuine, while the dress worn by Roberts in that scene is considered one of the most unforgettable dresses of all time.[11]
During the scene in which Roberts sings along to Prince in the bathtub sliding down and dunking her head under the bubbles, Roberts came up and opened her eyes and saw that everyone had left except the cameraman, who got the shot. In addition, during the love-making scene between Roberts and Gere, Roberts got so nervous that a vein visibly popped out on her forehead. She also developed a case of hives, and calamine lotion was used to clear them until shooting could resume.[4] The filming was completed on October 18.
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
In its opening weekend, Pretty Woman opened at #1 at the box office grossing $11,280,591 and averaging $8,513 per theater.[12] Despite the film dropping to number two in its second weekend, it grossed more in its second weekend, grossing $12,471,670.[12] It remained number one at the box office for four non-consecutive weeks and on the top ten for sixteen weeks.[12] The film has grossed $178,406,268 in the United States and $285,000,000 in other countries for a total worldwide gross of $463,406,268.[13] It was also the fourth highest-grossing film of the year in the United States[14] and the third highest-grossing worldwide.[15]
Critical response [edit]
The film received decidedly mixed reviews from critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 62% of 55 film critics have given the film a positive review, with a rating average of 5.7 out of 10.[16] Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, gives the film a score of 51 based on 17 reviews.[17]
Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a D, stating that the film "starts out as a neo-Pygmalion comedy" and with "its tough-hooker heroine, it can work as a feminist version of an upscale princess fantasy." Gleiberman also said that it "pretends to be about how love transcends money" and that it "is really obsessed with status symbols."[18] On the movie's twentieth anniversary, Gleiberman wrote another article explaining his review, ultimately saying that although he felt he was right, he'd have given it a B today.[19] Carina Chocano of The New York Times said that movie wasn’t a love story, it was a money story. Its logic depended on a disconnect between character and narrative, between image and meaning, between money and value, and that made it not cluelessly traditional but thoroughly postmodern.[20]
Accolades[edit]
AwardsNominationsCesar Awards 1991 Best Foreign Film
63rd Academy Awards Best Actress - Julia Roberts
48th Golden Globe Awards Best Motion Picture (Comedy or Musical)
Best Actor - Richard Gere
Best Actress - Julia Roberts (won)
Best Supporting Actor - Hector Elizondo
Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay - J. F. Lawton
Music[edit]
Pretty Woman is noted for its musical selections and hugely successful soundtrack. The film features the song "Oh, Pretty Woman" by Roy Orbison, which inspired the movie's title. Roxette's "It Must Have Been Love" reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 in June 1990. The soundtrack also features "King of Wishful Thinking" by Go West, "Show Me Your Soul" by the Red Hot Chili Peppers, "No Explanation" by Peter Cetera, "Wild Women Do" by Natalie Cole and "Fallen" by Lauren Wood. The soundtrack went on to be certified three times platinum by the RIAA.[21]
The opera featured in the movie is La Traviata, which also served as inspiration for the plot of the movie. The highly dramatic aria fragment that is repeated in the movie is from the end of "Dammi tu forza!" ("Give me strength!") from the opera. The piano piece which Richard Gere's character plays in the hotel lobby was composed by and performed by Gere. Julia Roberts sings the song "Kiss" by Prince while Richard Gere's character is on the phone. Background music is composed by James Newton Howard. Entitled "He Sleeps/Love Theme", this piano composition is inspired by Bruce Springsteen's "Racing in the Street."
Soundtrack[edit]

Pretty Woman
 
Soundtrack album by Various artists

Released
February 14, 1990
Genre
Pop, Rock
Length
43:36
Label
Capitol

Professional ratings

Review scores

Source
Rating
Allmusic 3/5 stars link
The soundtrack was released on February 14, 1990[22][23] and featured a snapshot of up-and-coming acts of the 90s.
Track listing
No.
Title
Length

1. "Wild Women Do" (performed by Natalie Cole) 4:06
2. "Fame '90" (performed by David Bowie) 3:36
3. "King of Wishful Thinking" (performed by Go West) 4:00
4. "Tangled" (performed by Jane Wiedlin) 4:18
5. "It Must Have Been Love" (performed by Roxette) 4:17
6. "Life in Detail" (performed by Robert Palmer) 4:07
7. "No Explanation" (performed by Peter Cetera) 4:19
8. "Real Wild Child (Wild One)" (performed by Christopher Otcasek) 3:39
9. "Fallen" (performed by Lauren Wood) 3:59
10. "Oh, Pretty Woman" (performed by Roy Orbison) 2:55
11. "Show Me Your Soul" (performed by Red Hot Chili Peppers) 4:20
Total length:
 43:36 
See also[edit]
Runaway Bride, a 1999 film reuniting director Marshall with stars Roberts, Gere, and Elizondo.

References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Box Office Mojo". Retrieved 2007-07-12.
2.Jump up ^ Mandell, Zack (2012-05-18). "Julia Roberts' Romantic Comedy Career Flourishes with Time". Yahoo! Voices.
3.Jump up ^ Prince, Rosa (2012-03-21). "Richard Gere: Pretty Woman a ‘silly romantic comedy’". The Daily Telegraph.
4.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Pretty Woman: 15th anniversary (DVD). Buena Vista Home Entertainment, Touchstone. 2005.
5.Jump up ^ Stewart, James B (2005). DisneyWar. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 110. ISBN 978-0-7432-6709-0.
6.Jump up ^ Pretty Woman casting information and trivia at IMDB; accessed May 17, 2007.
7.Jump up ^ "Al Pacino interview by Larry King transcript". CNN.
8.Jump up ^ Corcoran, Monica (June 28, 2008). "Molly Ringwald: Pretty in Pucci". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
9.^ Jump up to: a b "Darly Hannah pleased to decline Pretty Woman".
10.Jump up ^ Boris Kachka (December 4, 2005). "Lone Star. Jennifer Jason Leigh plays an extroverted striver in Abigail’s Party. Now, that’s a stretch.". New York Magazine (New York Media Holdings, LLC.): 2.
11.Jump up ^ Dumas, Daisy. "From Pretty Woman and Atonement to The Seven Year Itch, the most unforgettable dresses of all time". Dailymail.
12.^ Jump up to: a b c "Pretty Woman (1990) - Weekend Box Office". Box Office Mojo (Amazon.com). Retrieved 2009-09-29.
13.Jump up ^ "Pretty Woman (1990)". Box Office Mojo (Amazon.com). Retrieved 2009-09-29.
14.Jump up ^ "1990 Yearly Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo (Amazon.com). Retrieved 2009-09-29.
15.Jump up ^ "1990 Yearly Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo (Amazon.com). Retrieved 2009-09-29.
16.Jump up ^ "Pretty Woman". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixter. Retrieved February 14, 2013.
17.Jump up ^ "Pretty Woman reviews at Metacritic.com". Metacritic. Retrieved 2009-09-29.
18.Jump up ^ Owen Gleiberman (1990-03-23). Pretty Woman. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2009-09-29.
19.Jump up ^ Gleiberman, Owen. "'Pretty Woman': 20 years after my most infamous review (yes, I gave it a D), here's my mea culpa -- and also my defense". Entertainment Weekly. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
20.Jump up ^ Chocano, Carina (2011-04-11). "Thelma, Louise and All the Pretty Women". The New York Times.
21.Jump up ^ "Pretty Woman's soundtrack RIAA multi platinum award". www.riaa.com. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
22.Jump up ^ "Pretty Woman Original Soundtrack". Amazon.com. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
23.Jump up ^ "Pretty Woman Original Soundtrack". Allmusic.com. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Pretty Woman
Pretty Woman at the Internet Movie Database
Pretty Woman at allmovie
Pretty Woman at Rotten Tomatoes
Pretty Woman at Box Office Mojo

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1980s
Young Doctors in Love (1982) ·
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1990s
Pretty Woman (1990) ·
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Categories: 1990 films
English-language films
1990s romantic comedy films
American romantic comedy films
Films directed by Garry Marshall
Films featuring a Best Musical or Comedy Actress Golden Globe winning performance
Films about prostitution
American sex comedy films
Films set in Los Angeles, California
Touchstone Pictures films
Film scores by James Newton Howard




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The Bodyguard (1992 film)
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Jump to: navigation, search

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 Parts of this article (those related to Musical Adaptation) are outdated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (December 2012)

The Bodyguard
The Bodyguard 1992 Film Poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster
 
Directed by
Mick Jackson[1]
Produced by
Kevin Costner
Lawrence Kasdan
Jim Wilson
Written by
Lawrence Kasdan
Starring
Kevin Costner
Whitney Houston
Gary Kemp
Bill Cobbs
Ralph Waite
Tomas Arana
 Michele Lamar Richards
Mike Starr
DeVaughn Nixon
Gerry Bamman
 Joe Urla
Music by
Alan Silvestri
Cinematography
Andrew Dunn
Editing by
Donn Cambern
Richard A. Harris
Studio
Tig Productions
 Kasdan Pictures
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures
Release dates
November 25, 1992
 
Running time
130 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$25 million[2]
Box office
$411,006,740[3]
The Bodyguard is a 1992 American romantic thriller film starring Kevin Costner and Whitney Houston. Costner stars as a former Secret Service Agent-turned-bodyguard who is hired to protect Houston's character, a music star, from an unknown stalker. Lawrence Kasdan wrote the film in the 1970s, originally as a vehicle for Steve McQueen and Diana Ross[4] It was directed by Mick Jackson. This film was Houston's acting debut. It was the second-highest-grossing film worldwide in 1992, making $411 million worldwide, despite mixed to negative reviews from critics. The soundtrack became the best-selling soundtrack of all time, selling more than 45 million copies worldwide.[5]

Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Background
4 Reception 4.1 Critical reception
4.2 Box office
5 Soundtrack
6 Parodies
7 Remake
8 Musical adaptation
9 References
10 External links

Plot[edit]
Rachel Marron (Whitney Houston) is an Oscar-nominated music superstar who is being stalked and sent death threats. Frank Farmer (Kevin Costner) is a former Secret Service Special Agent who served as part of the presidential protection detail during the presidencies of Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. Frank is haunted by the fact that he was not there when Reagan was shot because he was off duty at the time. He is now a highly successful private and professional bodyguard who protects corporate VIPs. He is hired by Rachel's manager, Bill Devaney (Bill Cobbs), to protect her after she receives a number of threats against her life and a small bomb detonates in her dressing room.[6]
The film follows Rachel's singing career and family life. Frank is unsure about accepting the job because he sees Rachel as a spoiled diva who is oblivious to the threats against her life. Rachel's handlers had kept the bomb in the dressing room secret from her. At first, Rachel looks upon Frank as paranoid and his protection techniques intrusive. Rachel's existing bodyguard Tony (Mike Starr) resents Frank's presence. But at a concert where Rachel is performing there is a riot and Frank successfully protects her from danger; as a result of his protection, Rachel falls in love with Frank. He initially tries to keep the relationship professional, but the two sleep together. However, recognizing that their relationship may compromise his protection of her, Frank breaks off their affair. Hurt, Rachel begins to push Frank's buttons by violating their security routines and attempting to sleep with his former Secret Service co-worker, Greg Portman (Tomas Arana). After she has personal contact with her stalker via a creepy phone call, Rachel realizes that she must put her trust in Frank ahead of her own desire for success. She finally recognizes the seriousness of the situation and cancels the rest of her tour.
Frank, Rachel, Rachel's driver Henry (Christopher Birt), Rachel's son Fletcher (DeVaughn Nixon), and her sister Nicki (Michele Lamar Richards) then travel to Frank's father's home, which is a large log cabin in the mountains by a lake. Frank's dad, Herb Farmer (Ralph Waite) is a semi-retired attorney who welcomes the group to his home. At the mountain retreat, Nicki attempts to seduce Frank, and becomes angry when her advances are refused. Fletcher is almost killed the next day, when a bomb explodes inside the boat he had been riding in moments before. After finding footprints around the cabin, and finding the automobiles sabotaged, they realize Rachel's stalker has followed them.
They secure the house for the night, with plans to leave in the morning. It is then revealed that Rachel's obsessive stalker and the person trying to kill her are not the same person, when an upset and drunken Nicki admits that in a drug-induced jealous fit she hired a hitman to kill Rachel, but that the letters from the stalker came before that. After Fletcher was almost killed, Nicki realized the hitman she hired would kill anyone to get to his target, including her beloved nephew. However, she cannot call it off because she does not know the killer's identity.
The hitman breaks into the house, Nicki tries to stop him, and he shoots and kills her before escaping. Frank, who is armed with a semi-automatic handgun, ensures that his father has secured the rest of the group on the second floor, then pursues the killer into the woods. Frank shoots at the hitman, but the hitman escapes through the dark woods. Frank learns the next day, from his Secret Service colleagues, that they have apprehended the stalker and were interviewing him when Nicki was shot.
Frank heads with Rachel to the Oscars. During the actual show, Rachel freezes and runs offstage, angry at Frank for embarrassing her. She goes back to the audience to be there when they announce her name as the winner for Best Actress. As she comes toward the stage to accept the award, the hitman is revealed to be Portman. Frank notices Portman pointing a gun at her disguised as a camera, and tries to get a shot at him, but is unable to. As Portman aims his gun at Rachel, Frank runs on stage and leaps in front of her as she accepts her award, getting shot himself in the process of shielding Rachel. He shoots Portman through his camera-gun, killing him. Rachel calls for help, urging Frank to stay with her.
Frank recovers and goes to say goodbye to Rachel at the airport. After the plane starts to taxi, Rachel gets down and runs to Frank, and they kiss. She gets back on the plane, and Frank leaves to head to his next job.
Cast[edit]
Kevin Costner as Frank Farmer
Whitney Houston as Rachel Marron
Gary Kemp as Sy Spector
Bill Cobbs as Bill Devaney
Ralph Waite as Herb Farmer
Tomas Arana as Greg Portman
Michele Lamar Richards as Nicki Marron
Mike Starr as Tony Scipelli
DeVaughn Nixon as Fletcher Marron
Gerry Bamman as Ray Court
Joe Urla as Minella
Background[edit]
Lawrence Kasdan's first screenplay,[4] the film was originally proposed in 1976 with Steve McQueen and Diana Ross in the leads, but negotiations fell through as McQueen refused to be billed second to Ross.[7] It was proposed again in 1989[citation needed], starring Ryan O'Neal and Ross again in the leads. The project fell through due to irreconcilable differences in the relationship between the two stars. Costner stated that he based Frank Farmer on Steve McQueen; even cutting his hair like McQueen (who had died 12 years earlier). Olivia Newton-John, Pat Benatar, Madonna, Joan Jett, Deborah Harry, Janet Jackson, Terri Nunn, Kim Carnes, and Dolly Parton were all at some point considered for the role of Rachel Marron.
The 1920s Beverly Hills mansion and grounds featured in the film once belonged to William Randolph Hearst; also featured in The Godfather (1972).
Reception[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
As of August 2013, The Bodyguard holds a 32% rating on the film aggregator website, Rotten Tomatoes,[8] and received seven Golden Raspberry Award nominations, including Worst Picture, but didn't win any.[9] Owen Gleibermann, of Entertainment Weekly reviewed the film negatively, stating, "To say that Houston and Costner fail to strike sparks would be putting it mildly." He added, "[...] the movie gives us these two self-contained celebrity icons working hard to look as if they want each other. It's like watching two statues attempting to mate."[10] However, other critics praised the film, such as Roger Ebert, who gave the film three out of four stars, remarking "The movie does contain a love story, but it's the kind of guarded passion that grows between two people who spend a lot of time keeping their priorities straight."[11]
Two songs from the film, "Run to You" and "I Have Nothing", were nominated for an Oscar for Best Original Song.[12] The film was also nominated for four Grammy Awards, winning three, including Album of the Year for its soundtrack album of the same name.[13] The film is listed in Golden Raspberry Award founder John Wilson's book The Official Razzie Movie Guide as one of the The 100 Most Enjoyably Bad Movies Ever Made.[14]
Box office[edit]
In the United States, The Bodyguard opened on November 25, 1992 in 1,717 theaters; it grossed $16.6 million in its opening weekend, ranking third.[15] The film was in theaters for thirteen non-consecutive weeks, ultimately grossing $121.9 million domestically, and $410.9 million worldwide. It was the seventh highest-grossing film of 1992 in North America, and the second highest-grossing film of 1992, worldwide.[16] At the time, the film became one of the 100 all-time highest grossing films worldwide, though it has since fallen out.[17]
Soundtrack[edit]
Main article: The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album
The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album became the best-selling soundtrack of all time. It has been certified diamond in the US (sales of at least ten million) with shipments of over 17 million copies.[18] Worldwide, the sales are over 45 million copies.[19] In addition, Houston's cover of "I Will Always Love You" sold 12 million units worldwide.[20]
The soundtrack features five hit singles for Houston: "I Will Always Love You," "I'm Every Woman," "Queen of the Night," and two Oscar-nominated songs "I Have Nothing" and "Run to You."
In 2013, La La Land Records released a limited edition CD (3500 units) of Alan Silvestri's original score. [21]
Parodies[edit]
The Simpsons – in the episode "Mayored to the Mob", Homer Simpson receives bodyguard training from an instructor singing "I Will Always Love You'" after graduating his class. Also in the episode, Mark Hamill gets carried by Homer in a fashion which parodies the way Costner carries Houston in the film.
30 Rock – in the episode "Hard Ball", Tracy Jordan is rescued from a mob by his entourage; his character sang "I Will Always Love You" during the scene.
Bulletproof – a scene in the film parodies The Bodyguard with Adam Sandler's character singing "I Will Always Love You" and remarking that Damon Wayans's character can always be his bodyguard.
The Venture Bros. – in the second season episode "I Know Why the Caged Bird Kills", after having fallen in love with her charge, Dr. Venture, bodyguard Myra Brandish says she was taught "Never let them out of your sight. Never let your guard down. Never fall in love", the tag line from the film.
In Living Color - Kim Wayans plays Grace Jones as the Whitney Houston character and Jim Carrey plays the Kevin Costner character, complete with bad hair. The scene when Kevin Costner carries Whitney Houston off-stage from the original movie is reversed with Grace Jones carrying Frank Farmer off while singing "I Will Always Love You".
American Dad! - In the episode "Lincoln Lover", Stan Smith creates a play which depicts the relationship between Abraham Lincoln and his bodyguard. At the end of the play, the song "I Will Always Love You" starts playing.
Joey - In the episode "Joey and the Beard," Joey Tribbiani is told, "You know the rules: Never let her out of your sight, never let your guard down, and never fall in love." He quickly recognizes this as the film's tagline.
Remake[edit]
In 2011, Warner Bros. announced a remake that will update the story to reflect the world of the Internet; in which sites such as Twitter, Google Maps and countless other sites make access to celebrities easier than ever. The remake will be penned by Jeremiah Friedman and Nick Palmer. Singer Rihanna was once sought after to play the role of Rachel .[22]
On 10 March 2011, Rihanna ruled out playing the part saying, "Absolutely not. I hate it when singers do singing movies all the time, because you can never look at them as anybody else. I want to play a character. My whole life is playing Rihanna; being a singer won't be a stretch for me."[23]
Musical adaptation[edit]
Main article: The Bodyguard (musical)
A musical adaptation of the film is set to open in London's Adelphi Theatre in the West End in Fall 2012. David Ian, who will produce the musical, has been receiving the stage rights from Costner, a producer of the film as well as its star, and Lawrence Kasdan, who wrote it, reports Baz Bamigboye. The film's famous soundtrack will be used as a score for the production. In addition to the megahit "I Will Always Love You", the songs include "I'm Every Woman", "Run To You", "Jesus Loves Me" and "Queen Of The Night". Tony Award-winning actress and singer Heather Headley has recently been cast to play the role of Rachel Marron, the role played in the film by Houston. MOBO award winning and BRIT nominated singer Beverley Knight will take over the role of Rachel Marron in September 2013 through to March 2014.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Murphy, Ryan (1992-11-01). "A look inside Hollywood and the movies. : TINKER, TINKER : Today's Special: 'Bodyguard.' Care for the Director's Cut or the Final Cut?". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
2.Jump up ^ Box Office Information for The Bodyguard. The Numbers. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
3.Jump up ^ Box Office Information for The Bodyguard. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
4.^ Jump up to: a b John J. Puccio (February 8, 2005). "Bodyguard (DVD)" (review). DVDTown.com.
5.Jump up ^ Ford, Rebecca (March 15, 2012). "Whitney Houston's 'The Bodyguard' to Re-Release in Theaters for One Night". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 16, 2012.
6.Jump up ^ The Bodyguard (1992), IMDB.com
7.Jump up ^ Beck, Marilyn, Stacy Jenel Smith. – "Costner Sings to Houston's Debut". – Los Angeles Daily News. – October 7, 1991.
8.Jump up ^ The Bodyguard Movie Reviews. Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved on 2011-04-05.
9.Jump up ^ 1992 RAZZIE® Nominees & "Winners" – The Official RAZZIE® Forum. Razzies.com. Retrieved on 2011-04-05.
10.Jump up ^ "The Bodyguard". Entertainment Weekly. 1992-12-04. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
11.Jump up ^ "The Bodyguard". Chicago Sun Times. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
12.Jump up ^ Awards for The Bodyguard (1992), IMDB.com
13.Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
14.Jump up ^ Wilson, John (2005). The Official Razzie Movie Guide: Enjoying the Best of Hollywood's Worst. Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 0-446-69334-0.
15.Jump up ^ The Bodyguard (1992) Box Office Mojo Retrieved 2010-09-13
16.Jump up ^ The Bodyguard (1992) Box Office Mojo Retrieved 2010-09-13
17.Jump up ^ The Bodyguard (1992). Box Office Mojo (1993-04-27). Retrieved on 2011-04-05.
18.Jump up ^ Gold & Platinum – April 05, 2011. RIAA. Retrieved on 2011-04-05.
19.Jump up ^ Whitney Houston. Music.ninemsn.com.au. (Jul. 26, 2007) Retrieved on 2011-04-05.
20.Jump up ^ Shawn Telford (November 8, 2008). "Behind the glitter and glitz, the real Dolly Parton shines". Seattlepi.com. Retrieved September 15, 2010.
21.Jump up ^ http://www.lalalandrecords.com/BodyGuard.html
22.Jump up ^ Rihanna to be in 'The Bodyguard' remake? - Times Of India. Timesofindia.indiatimes.com (2011-02-27). Retrieved on 2011-04-05.
23.Jump up ^ http://www.bvonmovies.com/2011/03/09/rihanna-not-interested-in-bodyguard-remake/
External links[edit]
The Bodyguard at the Internet Movie Database
The Bodyguard at the TCM Movie Database
The Bodyguard at allmovie
The Bodyguard at Box Office Mojo
The Bodyguard at Rotten Tomatoes

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Tuck Everlasting
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

This article is about the novel. For the first film inspired by it, see Tuck Everlasting (1981 film). For the 2002 Disney film, see Tuck Everlasting (2002 film)

Tuck Everlasting
Tuck Everlasting25.png
Cover to the 25th anniversary edition
 
Author
Natalie Babbitt
Country
United States
Language
English
Subject
Immortality, Children's book
Genre
Children's book, Fantasy, Romance comedy
Publisher
Farrar, Straus and Giroux (BYR)
Publication date
1975
Media type
Print
Pages
139 pages
Tuck Everlasting is a fantasy children's novel by Natalie Babbitt. It was published in 1975. The book explores the concept of immortality and the reasons why it might not be as desirable as it appears to be. It has sold over two million copies and has been called a classic of modern children's literature. It has been published as an unabridged audio book three individual times: by Listening Library/Random House in 1988 and narrated by Peter Thomas, by Recorded Books Inc. in 1993 and narrated by Barbara Caruso, and by Audio Bookshelf in 2001 and narrated by Melissa Hughes.

Contents  [hide]
1 Plot summary
2 Awards and recognition
3 Adaptations
4 References

Plot summary[edit]
10-year-old Winnie Foster, bored and frustrated by her over-protected life in a fenced house on the edge of the town of Treegap, decides to slip away into the nearby woods. There, to her great surprise, she finds a boy drinking from a special spring beneath a towering ash tree. He appears to be about 17 years old, but says he is 104, and he tells her that his name is Jesse Tuck. As they talk, a woman and another brother, somewhat older appear - the mother and the brother of Jesse - and they are alarmed to see her there. Full of fear and apologies, they sweep Winnie up and carry her off to their rustic house on a pond farther north where Jesse's father, Angus Tuck, is waiting. Here, Winnie is introduced to their strange life - a life without end, the result of drinking from the strange spring. They are immortal. At first afraid and unbelieving, Winnie soon comes to love them, for they are open and affectionate with her. Angus Tuck takes her out on the pond in a rowboat and explains that she must keep the magic water a secret, for bringing immortality into the natural world would only take human beings out of the natural cycle of life and death and turning them into what he claims he and his family have become: "nothing but rocks on the side of the road." Winnie's brief time with the Tucks is ended with the appearance of a stranger, the nameless "man in the yellow suit" who confronts the Tuck family, tells them he's going to take Winnie back to her home in exchange for ownership of the magic spring, and grabs her to drag her away. Hearing this plan, Jesse's mother, Mae, seizes a shotgun, the village constable appears and, charging Mae of murder, takes her - and Winnie - back to Treegap. Mae is locked into a cell in the jailhouse and is likely to be tried for murder and hanged. But she is immortal and cannot die, and the secret of the magic spring would be exposed. The Tuck family must rescue her from the jail cell. Jesse manages to talk to Winnie and give her a bottle of the magic water, asking her to drink it when she turns 17 so that they can travel together over the wide world and even get married. That night, Winnie secretly leaves her house and joins the Tuck family where, when a barred window in the jail cell is pulled out, Winnie takes Mae's place, and the Tucks slip away under the noise and safety of a thunderstorm. Winnie is left with a choice: either she can wait until she is 17, then drink the water and go off with Jesse, or she can decide that a normal life will be the best. The final chapter tells how Mae and Angus Tuck, returning after many years to Treegap to look for Winnie, find that she has had the happy normal life she chose, and has died in peace.
Awards and recognition[edit]
The novel was selected as an ALA Notable Book as well as being included on the Horn Book Magazine Fanfare List. It has received numerous awards since its publication including the Janusz Korczak Medal and the 1976 Christopher Award for best book for young people. It was included in Anita Silvey's 2005 book The 100 Best Books For Children. Based on a 2007 online poll, the National Education Association named the book one of its "Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children."[1] It was one of the "Top 100 Chapter Books" of all time in a 2004 poll by School Library Journal.[2]
Adaptations[edit]
The novel has twice been adapted to film. The first was released in 1981 and distributed by One Pass Media. The second was by Disney in 2002. It was directed by Jay Russell and starred Alexis Bledel as Winnie Foster, Jonathan Jackson as Jesse Tuck, William Hurt and Sissy Spacek as Jesse's parents, and Ben Kingsley as the Man in the Yellow Suit. It received mixed, but generally favorable reviews and currently holds a 61% rating at Rotten Tomatoes. The New York Post praised it as 'handsomely crafted and well-acted'.[3] It grossed a little over $19 million at the domestic box office and did not receive a wide-release in foreign territories.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ National Education Association (2007). "Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children". Retrieved August 22, 2012.
2.Jump up ^ Bird, Elizabeth. "Top 100 Chapter Book Poll Results".
3.Jump up ^ Lou Lumineck. "New York Post film review". Retrieved 2008-09-05.
 

Categories: American children's novels



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Tuck Everlasting (1981 film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

Tuck Everlasting

Directed by
Frederick King Keller
Produced by
Howard Kling
 Frederick King Keller
Written by
Natalie Babbitt (novel)
 Fred A. Keller
 Frederick King Keller
Starring
Margaret Chamberlain
 Paul Fleesa
 Fred A. Keller
 James McGuire
 Sonia Raimi
Music by
Malcolm Dalglish
 Grey Larsen
Cinematography
Michael Mathews
Release dates
June 5, 1981
Running time
90 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Tuck Everlasting is a 1981 American film based on Natalie Babbitt's 1975 children's book of the same title.

Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Others (actors)
4 Other adaptations
5 External links

Plot[edit]
The story involves the Tucks, a family who drank from a magic spring from the Fosters' little forest and became immortal (hence the name "Tuck Everlasting").
In the novel, set in the late 19th century, the protagonist is ten-year-old Winifred Foster. She comes from a well-bred, strait-laced family and becomes lost in the woods one day during an attempt to escape her smothered lifestyle. In the woods, she encounters Jesse Tuck, a boy who is immortal due to a spring from which he and his family drank water years ago.
Cast[edit]
Margaret Chamberlain.....Winnie Foster
Paul Flessa.....Jesse Tuck
Fred A. Keller.....Angus Tuck
James McGuire.....Man in Yellow Suit
Sonia Raimi.....Mae Tuck
Marvin Macnow.....Mr.Foster
Bruce D'Auria.....Miles Tuck
Others (actors)[edit]
Frank O'Hara
Barbara Harmon
Halle Sims
Davin Smith
Joe Marshall
Bill Klaiber
Pam Reed
Mary Gulino
Joey Giambra
Tom Kelly
Edward Granger
Eric Harris
Gretchen Lopez
Ron Swick
Other adaptations[edit]
Tuck Everlasting (2002 film)
External links[edit]
Tuck Everlasting (1981) at the Internet Movie Database
Tuck Everlasting (1981 film) at allmovie
Template:Http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0081664/fullcredits
Template:Http://www.answers.com/topic/tuck-everlasting-1981-film


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Categories: English-language films
Films based on children's books
1981 films
Films set in the 1910s
1980s fantasy films
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Tuck Everlasting (2002 film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search


 This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2013)

Tuck Everlasting
Tuck Everlasting (2002 film) poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster
 
Directed by
Jay Russell
Produced by
Marc Abraham
 Jane Startz
Thomas Bliss
Written by
Jeffrey Lieber
James V. Hart
Natalie Babbitt (Novel)
Narrated by
Elisabeth Shue
Starring
Alexis Bledel
Ben Kingsley
Sissy Spacek
Amy Irving
Victor Garber
Jonathan Jackson
Scott Bairstow
William Hurt
Music by
William Ross
Cinematography
James L. Carter
Editing by
Jay Cassidy
Studio
Walt Disney Pictures
Scholastic Entertainment
Distributed by
Buena Vista Pictures
Release dates
October 11, 2002 (US)
 March 20, 2003 (Australia)
 August 1, 2004 (UK)
Running time
96 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$15 million[1]
Box office
$19,344,615[2]
Tuck Everlasting is a 2002 fantasy family film based on the children's book of the same title by Natalie Babbitt published in 1975. The Walt Disney Pictures release was directed by Jay Russell.

Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Differences between the movie and the book
4 References
5 External links

Plot[edit]
The plot revolves around a 15-year-old girl named Winnie, who is from a restrictive upper-class family. One day Winnie runs away into the forest and meets a boy named Jesse Tuck, drinking from a spring. She is then kidnapped by Jesse's elder brother. Winnie soon falls in love with Jesse and later learns that the family cannot age or be injured due to drinking water from a magical spring around a hundred years ago and that they kidnapped her in order to hide the secret. The Tucks say to her that living forever is more painful than it sounds and believe that giving away the secret of the spring will lead to abomination of God's laws, and fellow humans suffering similar pain as they.
Meanwhile a suspicious man in a yellow suit befriends Winnie's family over time while Winnie is gone. He spies on the Tucks and it is learned that the man in the yellow suit desires the spring so that he can sell waters to the citizens for profit. When he is trustworthy to Winnie's family, he makes a deal where if he agrees to save Winnie from the Tucks and return her to her family, he will get the forest and therefore with it the spring. The man in the yellow suit goes to the Tucks and reveals his intents to get the forest and therefore the spring. He orders them to tell him where the spring is; when they refuse and try to deny any knowledge about the spring the man threatens Winnie with a pistol. He calls their bluff by shooting Jesse and exposing his youth; but in return Jesse's mother violently bats the man with the yellow suit; with the rear end of a rifle. The hit is so massive that the man dies instantly; constables manage to see the attack and arrest Jesse's mother for killing the man in the yellow suit. Jesse's mother and the family is sentenced to be hanged for kidnapping Winnie and murdering the man with the yellow suit; this would expose their immortality.
Winnie helps break the Tucks out of jail and takes their place in the jail cell. When she is found in jail the next day, the police assume that the Tucks escaped and put Winnie in the cell.
The Tucks decide to leave the area and invite Winnie to join them. Winnie is forced to decide whether to drink from the spring and live forever, or live a mortal existence. She decides that despite the love she and Jesse share, her presence will only endanger the Tucks and she chooses to stay behind. After many years, Jesse returns to the tree where the spring used to be, and it is revealed that Winnie chose to never drink from the spring and she lived a long and charitable life.
Cast[edit]
Alexis Bledel as Winifred 'Winnie' Foster
Jonathan Jackson as Jesse Tuck
Ben Kingsley as The Man in the Yellow Suit
William Hurt as Angus 'Tuck' Tuck
Sissy Spacek as Mae Tuck
Scott Bairstow as Miles Tuck
Amy Irving as Mother Foster
Victor Garber as Robert Foster
Julia Hart as Sally Hannaway
Noami Kline as Beatrice Ruston
Robert Luis as Night Deputy (as Robert Logan)
Differences between the movie and the book[edit]

In the book...
In the film...
Winnie is 10 She is 15
The book is set in 1880 The movie is set in 1914
Winnie's gravestone says 1870-1948 (died 78) It says 1899-1999 (died 100)
Winnie runs away because she's tired of being cooped up She runs away because she's going to be sent to a boarding school
To save Mae, the Tucks remove the bars of a window of the jail, and Winnie switches places with Mae. Winnie tells the prison guard that the people who kidnapped her are back to get her. He runs outside with a shotgun to face them. He shoots them, but runs away when he sees they cannot die. Meanwhile, Winnie grabs his keys and unlocks Mae and Angus's cell doors.
Mae is sent to jail to be hanged. Tuck is imprisoned and Mae is to be sent to the gallows
Mae and Tuck visit Winnie's grave (in 1950). They return to Treegap riding their old horse-drawn wagon. Only Jesse comes back (in or around 2002). He returns riding a motorcycle.
Mae, Jesse, and Miles "kidnap" Winnie when they fear that their secret will get out. They take her to their cabin north of Treegap Only Miles does
The Tucks run off in a fierce lighting storm. The Tucks escape in a carriage
Jesse gives Winnie a water bottle that has water from the spring and tells her to drink it when she turns seventeen Jesse does not give Winnie a water bottle, but she contemplates drinking from the spring after the Tucks leave
The Tucks' house deep in the woods is a faded red The Tucks' house is a brown log cabin.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Tuck Everlasting". IMDb. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
2.Jump up ^ "Tuck Everlasting". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
External links[edit]
Tuck Everlasting
Tuck Everlasting at allmovie
Tuck Everlasting (2002) at the Internet Movie Database
Tuck Everlasting (1981) at the Internet Movie Database
Alexis Bledel interview for Tuck Everlasting

[hide]
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Films directed by Jay Russell

 
1980s
End of the Line (1987)
 
 
2000s
My Dog Skip (2000) ·
 Tuck Everlasting (2002) ·
 Ladder 49 (2004) ·
 The Water Horse: Legend of the Deep (2007)
 

 

Categories: English-language films
2002 films
Walt Disney Pictures films
2000s fantasy films
Films based on children's books
Films shot anamorphically
Films set in 1914
2000s romance films



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