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Forrest Gump
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This article is about the film. For the novel, see Forrest Gump (novel). For other uses, see Forrest Gump (disambiguation).

Forrest Gump
Film poster with an all-white background, and a park bench (facing away from the viewer) near the bottom. A man wearing a white suit is sitting on the right side of the bench and is looking to his left while resting his hands on both sides of him on the bench. A suitcase is sitting on the ground, and the man is wearing tennis shoes. At the top left of the image is the film's tagline and title, and at the bottom is the release date and production credits.
Theatrical release poster

Directed by
Robert Zemeckis
Produced by
Wendy Finerman
Steve Tisch
Steve Starkey
Charles Newirth
Screenplay by
Eric Roth
Based on
Forrest Gump
 by Winston Groom
Starring
Tom Hanks
Robin Wright
Gary Sinise
Mykelti Williamson
Sally Field
Music by
Alan Silvestri
Cinematography
Don Burgess
Editing by
Arthur Schmidt
Distributed by
Paramount Pictures
Release dates
July 6, 1994

Running time
142 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$55 million[1]
Box office
$677,387,716[1]
Forrest Gump is a 1994 American epic romantic comedy-drama film based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom. The film was directed by Robert Zemeckis and starred Tom Hanks, Robin Wright, Gary Sinise and Sally Field. The story depicts several decades in the life of Forrest Gump, a naïve and slow-witted yet athletically prodigious native of Alabama who witnesses, and in some cases influences, some of the defining events of the latter half of the 20th century in the United States; more specifically, the period between Forrest's birth in 1944 and 1982.
The film differs substantially from Winston Groom's novel on which it is based, including Gump's personality and several events that were depicted. Filming took place in late 1993, mainly in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Extensive visual effects were used to incorporate the protagonist into archived footage and to develop other scenes. A comprehensive soundtrack was featured in the film, using music intended to pinpoint specific time periods portrayed on screen. Its commercial release made it a top-selling soundtrack, selling over 12 million copies worldwide.
Released in the United States on July 6, 1994, Forrest Gump received critical acclaim and became a commercial success as the top grossing film in North America released that year, being the first major success for Paramount Pictures since the studio's sale to Viacom earlier in the year. The film earned over $677 million worldwide during its theatrical run. The film won the Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director for Robert Zemeckis, Best Actor for Tom Hanks, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Visual Effects and Best Film Editing. It also garnered multiple other awards and nominations, including Golden Globe Awards, People's Choice Awards and Young Artist Awards, among others. Since the film's release, varying interpretations have been made of the film's protagonist and its political symbolism. In 1996, a themed restaurant, Bubba Gump Shrimp Company, opened based on the film, and has since expanded to multiple locations worldwide. The scene of Gump running across the country is often referred to when real-life people attempt the feat.[2] In 2011, the Library of Congress selected Forrest Gump for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[3]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production 3.1 Script
3.2 Filming
3.3 Visual effects
4 Release 4.1 Critical reception
4.2 Box office performance
4.3 Home media
4.4 Accolades
5 Author controversy
6 Symbolism 6.1 Feather
6.2 Political interpretations
7 Soundtrack
8 Possible sequel
9 References
10 External links

Plot[edit]
While waiting at a bus stop, Forrest Gump (Tom Hanks) begins telling his life story to strangers sitting near him on the bench. His story begins with the leg braces he had to wear as a child, which resulted in him being bullied by other children. He lives with his mother (Sally Field), who tells him that "stupid is as stupid does." His mother runs a rooming house and Forrest teaches one of their guests, a young Elvis Presley (Peter Dobson), a hip-swinging dance. On a bus for his first day of school, Forrest meets Jenny (Robin Wright), with whom he immediately falls in love, and they become best friends. One day, while fleeing from some bullies, Forrest's leg braces break apart and fall away and he discovers that he can run very fast which, despite his below-average intelligence, earns him a scholarship to the University of Alabama from Bear Bryant. While in college, he witnesses George Wallace's Stand in the Schoolhouse Door, is named an All-American football player, and meets President John F. Kennedy.
After graduating, Forrest enlists in the United States Army, where he befriends Benjamin Buford "Bubba" Blue (Mykelti Williamson), and they agree to go into the shrimping business together. They are sent to Vietnam, and while on patrol, their platoon is ambushed. Forrest saves four of the men in his platoon, including platoon leader 2nd Lt. Dan Taylor (Gary Sinise), but Bubba is killed. Forrest himself is shot in the buttocks and receives the Medal of Honor from President Lyndon B. Johnson. While recovering from his injuries Forrest meets Lt. Dan again, who has had both of his legs amputated above the knees due to his injuries. He is furious at Forrest for leaving him a "cripple" and cheating him out of his destiny to die in battle like his ancestors. In Washington, Forrest is swept up in an anti-war rally at the National Mall and is reunited with Jenny, who is now part of the hippie counterculture movement. They spend the night walking around the capital, but she leaves with her abusive boyfriend the following day.
Forrest discovers an aptitude for ping pong and begins playing for the U.S. Army team, eventually competing against Chinese teams on a goodwill tour. He goes to the White House again and meets President Richard Nixon who provides him a room at the Watergate hotel, where Forrest inadvertently helps expose the Watergate scandal. For his numerous accomplishments, Forrest is invited onto The Dick Cavett Show alongside John Lennon, and helps inspire Lennon's song "Imagine". He again encounters Lt. Dan, who is now an embittered drunk living on welfare. Dan is scornful of Forrest's plans to enter the shrimping business and mockingly promises to be Forrest's first mate if he ever succeeds. Meanwhile, Jenny is living life on the edge of self-destruction, having been with countless men and become addicted to heroin; on one occasion she contemplates suicide.
Forrest is discharged from the military and uses money from a ping pong endorsement to buy a shrimping boat, fulfilling his wartime promise to Bubba, and names it "Jenny". Dan keeps his own promise and joins Forrest as first mate. They initially have little luck, but after Hurricane Carmen destroys every other shrimping boat in the region, the Bubba Gump Shrimp Company becomes a huge success due to the elimination of competition. Having had an epiphany during the hurricane, Dan finally thanks Forrest for saving his life. Forrest then returns home to care for his ailing mother, who dies soon afterwards. Forrest leaves the company in the hands of Dan, who invests their wealth in shares of a "fruit company" (Apple Computer), making them both millionaires. Forrest gives Bubba's mother a sizable check, causing her to faint, then to retire from her low-paying domestic job.
Jenny returns to visit Forrest and stays with him. He proposes but she turns him down. They make love, but she quietly slips away the next morning. Distraught, Forrest decides to go for a run, which turns into a three-year coast-to-coast marathon. Forrest becomes a celebrity, attracting a band of followers and inspiring a number of failing entrepreneurs to success. One day he stops suddenly and returns home. He receives a letter from Jenny asking to meet, which brings him to the bus stop where he began telling his story. Once they are reunited, Forrest discovers they have a young son, also named Forrest (Haley Joel Osment). Jenny reveals that she is suffering from an unknown virus. She proposes and he accepts, and they return to Alabama with Forrest Jr. and marry. The wedding is attended by Lt Dan, who now has prosthetic legs and a fiancee. Eventually, Jenny dies. Forrest waits with Forrest Jr. for the bus to pick him up for his first day of school, and sits on the same tree stump where his mother sat on his first day of school, and watches his feather bookmark float off in the wind.
Cast[edit]



A man is at the center of the image smiling into the camera. He is sitting on a blue crate and has his hands resting on his legs.

A man is at the center of the image looking at the camera. He is dressed in Vietnam-era military attire
Tom Hanks (left) and Gary Sinise on the film set in 1993.
Tom Hanks as Forrest Gump: though at an early age he is deemed to have a below average IQ of 75, he has an endearing character and shows devotion to his loved ones and duties, character traits which bring him into many life-changing situations. Along the way, he encounters many historical figures and events throughout his life. John Travolta was the original choice to play the title role, and admits passing on the role was a mistake.[4] Bill Murray was also considered for the role.[5] Hanks revealed that he signed onto the film after an hour and a half of reading the script.[6] He initially wanted to ease Forrest's pronounced Southern accent, but was eventually persuaded by director Bob Zemeckis to portray the heavy accent stressed in the novel.[6] Hanks agreed to take the role only on the condition that the film was historically accurate. Michael Conner Humphreys portrayed the young Forrest Gump. Hanks revealed in interviews that after hearing Michael's unique accented drawl, he incorporated it into the older character's accent. Winston Groom, who wrote the original novel, describes the film as having taken the "rough edges" off of the character, and envisioned him being played by John Goodman.[7]
Robin Wright as Jenny Curran: Forrest's childhood friend whom he immediately falls in love with, and never stops loving throughout his life. A victim of child sexual abuse, Jenny embarks on a different path than Forrest, leading a self-destructive life and becoming part of the hippie movement in the 1960s and the 1970s/1980s drug culture. She re-enters Forrest's life at various times in adulthood. Jenny eventually becomes a waitress in Savannah, Georgia, where she lives in an apartment with her (and Forrest's) son, Forrest Jr. They eventually get married, but soon afterwards she dies of an unspecified illness (it is only in August 1982 that the CDC coined the name "AIDS"). Hanna R. Hall portrayed the young Jenny.
Gary Sinise as Second Lieutenant Dan Taylor: Forrest and Bubba Blue's platoon leader during the Vietnam War, whose ancestors have died in every American war and regards it as his destiny to do the same. After losing his legs in an ambush and being rescued against his will by Forrest, he is initially bitter towards Forrest for leaving him a "cripple" and falls into a deep depression. He later serves as Forrest's first mate at the Bubba Gump Shrimp Company, gives most of the orders, and regains his will to live. He ultimately forgives and thanks Forrest for saving his life. By the end of the film, he is engaged to be married and is sporting "magic legs" – titanium alloy prosthetics which allow him to walk again.
Mykelti Williamson as Benjamin Buford "Bubba" Blue: Bubba is Forrest's friend whom he meets upon joining the Army. Bubba was originally supposed to be the senior partner in the Bubba Gump Shrimp Company, but due to his death in Vietnam, their platoon leader, Dan Taylor, took his place. The company posthumously carried his name. Forrest later gave Bubba's mother Bubba's share of the business. Throughout filming, Williamson wore a lip attachment to create Bubba's protruding lip.[8] David Alan Grier, Ice Cube and Dave Chappelle were all offered the role before turning it down.[5][9] Chappelle claimed he believed the film would be unsuccessful and has also admitted that he regrets not taking the role.[5]
Sally Field as Mrs. Gump: Forrest's devoted mother, who raises him after his father abandons them. Field reflected on the character, "She's a woman who loves her son unconditionally. ... A lot of her dialogue sounds like slogans, and that's just what she intends."[10]
Haley Joel Osment as Forrest Gump, Jr.: Forrest and Jenny's son. Osment was cast in the film after the casting director had noticed him in a Pizza Hut commercial.[11]
Peter Dobson as Elvis: a house guest Forrest encounters. Although Kurt Russell was uncredited, he provided the voice over for Elvis in the scene where Elvis meets Forrest.[12]
Dick Cavett as himself. Cavett played the 1970s version of himself, with makeup applied to make him appear younger. Consequently, Cavett is the only well-known figure in the film to play a cameo role rather than be represented through the use of archival footage.[13]
Sam Anderson as Principal Hancock: Forrest's elementary school principal.
Geoffrey Blake as Wesley: A member of the SDS group and Jenny's abusive boyfriend.
Siobhan Fallon Hogan as Dorothy Harris: The school bus driver who drives both Forrest, and later his son, to school.
Sonny Shroyer as Coach Paul "Bear" Bryant: Forrest's football coach at the University of Alabama.
Grand L. Bush, Conor Kennelly, and Teddy Lane Jr. as the Black Panthers: Members of an organization that protests the Vietnam War, President Lyndon B. Johnson, and anti-black racism.
Production[edit]
Script[edit]
Main article: Forrest Gump (novel)



"The writer, Eric Roth, departed substantially from the book. We flipped the two elements of the book, making the love story primary and the fantastic adventures secondary. Also, the book was cynical and colder than the movie. In the movie, Gump is a completely decent character, always true to his word. He has no agenda and no opinion about anything except Jenny, his mother and God."
—director Robert Zemeckis[14]
The film is based on the 1986 novel by Winston Groom. Both center on the character of Forrest Gump. However, the film primarily focuses on the first eleven chapters of the novel, before skipping ahead to the end of the novel with the founding of Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. and the meeting with Forrest, Jr. In addition to skipping some parts of the novel, the film adds several aspects to Gump's life that do not occur in the novel, such as his needing leg braces as a child and his run across the United States.[15]
Gump's core character and personality are also changed from the novel; among other things his film character is less of an autistic savant—in the novel, while playing football at the university, he fails craft and gym, but receives a perfect score in an advanced physics class he is enrolled in by his coach to satisfy his college requirements.[15] The novel also features Gump as an astronaut, a professional wrestler, and a chess player.[15]
Two directors were offered the opportunity to direct the film before Robert Zemeckis was selected. Terry Gilliam turned down the offer to direct.[16] Barry Sonnenfeld was attached to the film but left to direct Addams Family Values.[17]
Filming[edit]
Filming began in August 1993 and ended in December of that year.[18] Although most of the film is set in Alabama, filming took place mainly in and around Beaufort, South Carolina, as well as parts of coastal Virginia and North Carolina,[6] including a running shot on the Blue Ridge Parkway.[19] Downtown portions of the fictional town of Greenbow were filmed in Varnville, South Carolina.[20] The scene of Forrest running through Vietnam while under fire was filmed on Fripp Island, South Carolina.[21] Additional filming took place on the Biltmore Estate in Asheville, NC and along the Blue Ridge Parkway near Boone, NC. The most notable place was Grandfather Mountain where a part of the road is named "Forrest Gump Curve".[22] The Gump family home set was built along the Combahee River near Yemassee, South Carolina and the nearby land was used to film Curran's home as well as some of the Vietnam scenes.[23] Over 20 palmetto trees were planted to improve the Vietnam scenes.[23] Forrest Gump narrated his life's story in Chippewa Square in Savannah, Georgia as he sat at a bus stop bench. There were other scenes filmed in and around the Savannah area as well, including a running shot on the Richard V. Woods Memorial Bridge in Beaufort while he was being interviewed by the press, and on West Bay Street in Savannah.[23] Most of the college campus scenes were filmed in Los Angeles at the University of Southern California. The lighthouse that Forrest runs across to reach the Atlantic Ocean the first time is the Marshall Point Lighthouse in Port Clyde, Maine.
Visual effects[edit]

Black-and-white film screenshot showing the main character on the left looking towards another man, President Kennedy, on the right. Kennedy is smiling and looking to his left. In the background several men are looking in different directions and one is aiming a camera.

 Gump with President John F. Kennedy. A variety of visual effects were used to incorporate Tom Hanks into archive footage with various historical figures and events.
Ken Ralston and his team at Industrial Light & Magic were responsible for the film's visual effects. Using CGI techniques, it was possible to depict Gump meeting deceased personages and shaking their hands. Hanks was first shot against a blue screen along with reference markers so that he could line up with the archive footage.[24] To record the voices of the historical figures, voice doubles were hired and special effects were used to alter the mouth movements for the new dialogue.[14] Archival footage was used and with the help of such techniques as chroma key, image warping, morphing, and rotoscoping, Hanks was integrated into it.
In one Vietnam War scene, Gump carries Bubba away from an incoming napalm attack. To create the effect, stunt actors were initially used for compositing purposes. Then Hanks and Williamson were filmed, with Williamson supported by a cable wire as Hanks ran with him. The explosion was then filmed, and the actors were digitally added to appear just in front of the explosions. The jet fighters and napalm canisters were also added by CGI.[25]
The CGI removal of actor Gary Sinise's legs, after his character had them amputated, was achieved by wrapping his legs with a blue fabric, which later facilitated the work of the "roto-paint" team to paint out his legs from every single frame. At one point, while hoisting himself into his wheelchair, his legs are used for support.[26]
The scene where Forrest spots Jenny at a peace rally at the Lincoln Memorial and Reflecting Pool in Washington, D.C., required visual effects to create the large crowd of people. Over two days of filming, approximately 1,500 extras were used.[27] At each successive take, the extras were rearranged and moved into a different quadrant away from the camera. With the help of computers, the extras were multiplied to create a crowd of several hundred thousand people.[6][27]
Release[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
The film has received generally positive reviews. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported that 72% of critics gave the film a positive review based on a sample of 74 reviews.[28] At the website Metacritic, which uses a normalized rating system, the film earned a favorable rating of 82/100 based on 19 reviews by mainstream critics.[29]
The story was commended by several critics. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote, "I've never met anyone like Forrest Gump in a movie before, and for that matter I've never seen a movie quite like 'Forrest Gump.' Any attempt to describe him will risk making the movie seem more conventional than it is, but let me try. It's a comedy, I guess. Or maybe a drama. Or a dream. The screenplay by Eric Roth has the complexity of modern fiction . . . The performance is a breathtaking balancing act between comedy and sadness, in a story rich in big laughs and quiet truths. . . . What a magical movie."[30] Todd McCarthy of Variety wrote that the film "...has been very well worked out on all levels, and manages the difficult feat of being an intimate, even delicate tale played with an appealingly light touch against an epic backdrop."[31] The film did receive notable pans from several major reviewers. Anthony Lane of The New Yorker called the film "Warm, wise, and wearisome as hell."[32] Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly said that the film "...reduces the tumult of the last few decades to a virtual-reality theme park: a baby-boomer version of Disney's America."[33]
Critics had mixed views on the main character. Gump has been compared with various characters and people including Huckleberry Finn, Bill Clinton, and Ronald Reagan.[34][35][36] Peter Chomo writes that Gump acts as a "...social mediator and as an agent of redemption in divided times".[37] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone called Gump "...everything we admire in the American character – honest, brave, loyal...".[38] The New York Times reviewer Janet Maslin called Gump a "...hollow man..." who is "...self-congratulatory in his blissful ignorance, warmly embraced as the embodiment of absolutely nothing."[39] Marc Vincenti of Palo Alto Weekly called the character "...a pitiful stooge taking the pie of life in the face, thoughtfully licking his fingers."[40] Bruce Kawin and Gerald Mast's textbook on film history notes that Forrest Gump's dimness was a metaphor for glamorized nostalgia in that he represented a blank slate by which the Baby Boomer generation projected their memories of those events.[41]
The film is commonly seen as a polarizing one for audiences, with Entertainment Weekly writing in 2004, "Nearly a decade after it earned gazillions and swept the Oscars, Robert Zemeckis's ode to 20th-century America still represents one of cinema's most clearly drawn lines in the sand. One half of folks see it as an artificial piece of pop melodrama, while everyone else raves that it's sweet as a box of chocolates."[42]
Box office performance[edit]
Produced on a budget of $55 million, Forrest Gump opened in 1,595 theaters in its first weekend of domestic release, earning $24,450,602.[1] Motion picture business consultant and screenwriter Jeffrey Hilton suggested to producer Wendy Finerman to double the P&A (film marketing budget) based on his viewing of an early print of the film. The budget was immediately increased, per his advice. The film placed first in the weekend's box office, narrowly beating The Lion King, which was in its fourth week of release.[1] For the first ten weeks of its release, the film held the number one position at the box office.[43] The film remained in theaters for 42 weeks, earning $329.7 million in the United States and Canada, making it the fourth-highest grossing film at that time (behind only E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Star Wars IV: A New Hope, and Jurassic Park).[43][44]
The film took 66 days to surpass $250 million and was the fastest grossing Paramount film to pass $100 million, $200 million, and $300 million in box office receipts (at the time of its release).[45][46][47] The film had gross receipts of $329,694,499 in the U.S. and Canada and $347,693,217 in international markets for a total of $677,387,716 worldwide.[1] Even with such revenue, the film was known as a "successful failure"—due to distributors' and exhibitors' high fees, Paramount's "losses" clocked in at $62 million, leaving executives realizing the necessity of better deals.[48] This has however also been associated with Hollywood accounting, where expenses are inflated in order to minimize profit sharing.
Home media[edit]
Forrest Gump was first released on VHS tape on April 27, 1995, as a two-disc Laserdisc set on April 28, 1995, (including the "Through the Eyes of Forrest" special feature), before being released in a two-disc DVD set on August 28, 2001. Special features included director and producer commentaries, production featurettes, and screen tests.[49] The film was released on Blu-ray disc in November 2009.[50]
Accolades[edit]
Main article: List of accolades received by Forrest Gump
The film won the 67th Academy Awards for the Best Picture, Best Actor in a Leading Role, Best Director, Best Visual Effects, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Film Editing. The film was nominated for seven Golden Globe Award nominations, winning three of them, including Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama, Best Director – Motion Picture, and Best Motion Picture – Drama. The film was also nominated for six Saturn Awards and won two for Best Fantasy Film and Best Supporting Actor (Film).
In addition to the films multiple awards and nominations, it has also been recognized by the American Film Institute on several of its lists. The film ranks 37th on 100 Years...100 Cheers, 71st on 100 Years...100 Movies, and 76th on 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition). In addition, the quote "Mama always said life was like a box of chocolates. You never know what you're gonna get." was ranked 40th on 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes.[51] The film also ranked at number 240 on Empire's list of the 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.[52]
In December 2011, Forrest Gump was selected for preservation in the Library of Congress' National Film Registry.[53] The Registry said that the film was "honored for its technological innovations (the digital insertion of Gump seamlessly into vintage archival footage), its resonance within the culture that has elevated Gump (and what he represents in terms of American innocence) to the status of folk hero, and its attempt to engage both playfully and seriously with contentious aspects of the era's traumatic history."[54]
American Film Institute Lists
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #71
AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – Nominated
AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions – Nominated
AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains: Forrest Gump – Nominated Hero
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes: "Mama always said life was like a box of chocolates. You never know what you're gonna get." – #40
"Mama says, "Stupid is as stupid does."" – Nominated
AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores – Nominated
AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers – #37
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – #76
AFI's 10 Top 10 – Nominated Epic Film
Author controversy[edit]
Winston Groom was paid $350,000 for the screenplay rights to his novel Forrest Gump and was contracted for a 3 percent share of the film's net profits.[55] However, Paramount and the film's producers did not pay him, using Hollywood accounting to posit that the blockbuster film lost money. Tom Hanks, by contrast, contracted for the film's gross receipts instead of a salary, and he and director Zemeckis each received $40 million.[55][56] Additionally, Groom was not mentioned once in any of the film's six Oscar-winner speeches.[57]
The dispute was later resolved.[58]
Symbolism[edit]
Feather[edit]



"I don't want to sound like a bad version of 'the child within'. But the childlike innocence of Forrest Gump is what we all once had. It's an emotional journey. You laugh and cry. It does what movies are supposed to do: make you feel alive."
—producer Wendy Finerman[36]
Various interpretations have been suggested for the feather present at the opening and conclusion of the film. Sarah Lyall of The New York Times noted several opinions that were made about the feather: "Does the white feather symbolize the unbearable lightness of being? Forrest Gump's impaired intellect? The randomness of experience?"[59] Hanks interpreted the feather as: "Our destiny is only defined by how we deal with the chance elements to our life and that's kind of the embodiment of the feather as it comes in. Here is this thing that can land anywhere and that it lands at your feet. It has theological implications that are really huge."[60] Sally Field compared the feather to fate, saying: "It blows in the wind and just touches down here or there. Was it planned or was it just perchance?"[61] Visual effects supervisor Ken Ralston compared the feather to an abstract painting: "It can mean so many things to so many different people."[62]
The feather is stored in a book titled Curious George, Forrest's favorite book, which his mother read to him, connecting the scene's present time with his childhood in the 1940s. The placement of the feather in the book is directly on a picture of the monkey walking on a tightrope. Whether that was intentional or not, it is very symbolic. The feather also has a correlation with Jenny's constant obsession with "becoming a bird and flying far far away" due to the abuse (sexual and physical) she endured from her father. She goes as far in the film as to ask Forrest "if [she] jumped off the bridge, could [she] fly?"
Political interpretations[edit]
In Tom Hanks' words, "The film is non-political and thus non-judgmental".[36] Nevertheless, in 1994, CNN's Crossfire debated whether the film promoted conservative values or was an indictment of the counterculture movement of the 1960s. Thomas Byers, in a Modern Fiction Studies article, called the film "an aggressively conservative film".[63]



"...all over the political map, people have been calling Forrest their own. But, Forrest Gump isn't about politics or conservative values. It's about humanity, it's about respect, tolerance and unconditional love."
—producer Steve Tisch[63]
It has been noted that while Gump follows a very conservative lifestyle, Curran's life is full of countercultural embrace, complete with drug usage, promiscuity, and antiwar rallies, and that their eventual marriage might be a kind of reconciliation.[30] Jennifer Hyland Wang argued in a Cinema Journal article that Curran's death to an unnamed virus "...symbolizes the death of liberal America and the death of the protests that defined a decade [1960s]." She also notes that the film's screenwriter, Eric Roth, when developing the screenplay from the novel, had "...transferred all of Gump's flaws and most of the excesses committed by Americans in the 1960s and 1970s to her [Curran]."[37]
Other commentators believe that the film forecast the 1994 Republican Revolution and used the image of Forrest Gump to promote movement leader Newt Gingrich's traditional, conservative values. Jennifer Hyland Wang observes that the film idealizes the 1950s, as evidenced by the lack of "whites only" signs in Gump's southern childhood, and "revisions" the 1960s as a period of social conflict and confusion. She argues that this sharp contrast between the decades criticizes the counterculture values and reaffirms conservatism.[64] As viewed by political scientist Joe Paskett,[32] this film is "one of the best films of all time".[65] Wang argued that the film was used by Republican politicians to illustrate a "traditional version of recent history" to gear voters towards their ideology for the congressional elections.[37] In addition, presidential candidate Bob Dole cited the film's message in influencing his campaign due to its "...message that has made [the film] one of Hollywood's all-time greatest box office hits: no matter how great the adversity, the American Dream is within everybody's reach."[37]
In 1995, National Review included Forrest Gump in its list of the "Best 100 Conservative Movies" of all time.[66] Then, in 2009, the magazine ranked the film number four on its 25 Best Conservative Movies of the Last 25 Years list.[67] "Tom Hanks plays the title character, an amiable dunce who is far too smart to embrace the lethal values of the 1960s. The love of his life, wonderfully played by Robin Wright Penn, chooses a different path; she becomes a drug-addled hippie, with disastrous results."[67]
James Burton, a communication arts professor at Salisbury University, argued that conservatives claimed Forrest Gump as their own due less to the content of the film and more to the historical and cultural context of 1994. Burton claimed that the film's content and advertising campaign were affected by the cultural climate of the 1990s, which emphasized family values and "American values"—values epitomized in the successful book Hollywood vs. America. He claimed that this climate influenced the apolitical nature of the film, which allowed for many different political interpretations.[68]
Burton points out that many conservative critics and magazines (John Simon, James Bowman, the World Report) initially either criticized the film or praised it only for its non-political elements. Only after the popularity of the film was well-established did conservatives embrace the film as an affirmation of traditional values. Burton implies that the liberal-left could have prevented the conservatives from claiming rights to the film, had it chosen to vocalize elements of the film such as its criticism of military values. Instead, the liberal-left focused on what the film omitted, such as the feminist and civil rights movements.[68]
Some commentators see the conservative readings of Forrest Gump as indicants of the death of irony in American culture. Vivian Sobchack notes that the film's humor and irony relies on the assumption of the audience's historical (self-) consciousness.[68]
Soundtrack[edit]
Main articles: Forrest Gump (soundtrack) and Forrest Gump – Original Motion Picture Score
The 32-song soundtrack from the film was released on July 6, 1994. With the exception of a lengthy suite from Alan Silvestri's score, all the songs are previously released; the soundtrack includes songs from Elvis Presley, Fleetwood Mac, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Aretha Franklin, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Three Dog Night, The Byrds, The Doors, Jimi Hendrix, The Mamas & the Papas, Aileen Quinn, The Doobie Brothers, Simon & Garfunkel, Bob Seger, Buffalo Springfield, and Michael McDonald among others. Music producer Joel Sill reflected on compiling the soundtrack: "We wanted to have very recognizable material that would pinpoint time periods, yet we didn't want to interfere with what was happening cinematically."[69] The two-disc album has a variety of music from the 1950s–1980s performed by American artists. According to Sills, this was due to Zemeckis' request, "All the material in there is American. Bob (Zemeckis) felt strongly about it. He felt that Forrest wouldn't buy anything but American."[69]
The soundtrack reached a peak of number 2 on the Billboard album chart.[69] The soundtrack went on to sell twelve million copies, and is one of the top selling albums in the United States.[70] The score for the film was composed and conducted by Alan Silvestri and released on August 2, 1994.
Possible sequel[edit]
Main article: Gump and Co.
The screenplay for the sequel was written by Eric Roth in 2001. It is based on the original novel's sequel, Gump and Co. that was written by Winston Groom in 1995. Roth's script begins with Forrest sitting on a bench waiting for his son to return from school. After the September 11 attacks, Roth, Zemeckis, and Hanks decided the story was no longer "relevant."[71] In March 2007, however, it was reported that Paramount producers took another look at the screenplay.[72]
On the very first page of the sequel novel, Forrest Gump tells readers "Don't never let nobody make a movie of your life's story," though "Whether they get it right or wrong, it doesn't matter."[73] The first chapter of the book suggests that the real-life events surrounding the film have been incorporated into Forrest's storyline, and that Forrest got a lot of media attention as a result of the film.[15] During the course of the sequel novel, Gump runs into Tom Hanks and at the end of the novel is the film's release, including Gump going on The David Letterman Show and attending the Academy Awards.
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Forrest Gump (1994)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
2.Jump up ^ Man (Not Named Forrest Gump) Runs Across the U.S. | the wolf lair. Thewolflair.wordpress.com (May 11, 2011). Retrieved on March 7, 2013.
3.Jump up ^ AFP (December 28, 2011). "'Bambi', 'Forrest Gump' join Library of Congress film trove". News.yahoo.com. Retrieved January 2, 2012.[dead link]
4.Jump up ^ Forbes staff (February 25, 2009). "Star Misses – 4) Forrest Gump Starring ... John Travolta". Forbes. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
5.^ Jump up to: a b c Wiser, Paige (December 17, 2006). "Might-have-beens who (thankfully) weren't: The wacky world of Hollywood's strangest casting calls" (Fee required). Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
6.^ Jump up to: a b c d Mal, Vincent (July 6, 1994). "Show Some Gumption Hanks Excels in Tale of a Simple Man's Brushes with Fame" (Fee required). The Virginian-Pilot. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
7.Jump up ^ Grimes, William (1 September 1994). "Following the Star Of a Winsome Idiot". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
8.Jump up ^ Daly, Sean (September 15, 1997). "Mykelti Williamson later said the 'Forrest Gump' role nearly ruined his acting career". Jet (FindArticles). Retrieved July 2, 2009.
9.Jump up ^ Boucher, Geoff (March 26, 2000). "On the Trail of a Hollywood Hyphenate; Rapper/Actor/Writer/Producer/Director. Is There Room For Anything Else on Ice Cube's Resume?". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
10.Jump up ^ Wuntch, Philip (July 18, 1994). "In character – Sally Field finding the good roles" (Fee required). San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
11.Jump up ^ Daly, Sean (July 1, 2001). "Haley Joel Osment on Robots and Reality" (Fee required). The Buffalo News. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
12.Jump up ^ Eler, Robert K. (January 22, 2009). "598-page encyclopedia covers a whole lot of Elvis" (Fee required). Arkansas Democrat Gazette. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
13.Jump up ^ Forrest Gump-(Seeing is Believing: The Visual Effects of Forrest Gump-John Lennon with Dick Cavett) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001.
14.^ Jump up to: a b Mills, Bart (July 8, 1994). "In 'Forrest Gump,' Historical Figures Speak for Themselves" (Fee required). Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
15.^ Jump up to: a b c d Delarte, Alonso (February 2004). "Movies By The Book: Forrest Gump" (PDF). Bob's Poetry Magazine. p. 24. Archived from the original on March 27, 2009. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
16.Jump up ^ Plume, Kenneth (August 24, 2005). "Gilliam on Grimm". IGN. p. 3. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
17.Jump up ^ Fretts, Bruce (November 3, 1995). "Get Barry". Entertainment Weekly. p. 2. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
18.Jump up ^ McKenna, Kristine (December 19, 1993). "He's Serious About This One For Tom Hanks, it's been a long ride from 'Splash' to 'Philadelphia,' in which the likable comedy actor plays an AIDS patient who's fired from his job" (Fee required). Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
19.Jump up ^ Must-see sites abound along Blue Ridge Parkway – The Indiana Gazette Online: Indiana County Area News. Indianagazette.com (June 12, 2011). Retrieved on March 7, 2013.
20.Jump up ^ Film locations for Forrest Gump (1994). Movie-locations.com. Retrieved on March 7, 2013.
21.Jump up ^ Smith, Katherine. "Island getaway is motion-picture perfect". St. Petersburg Times. Archived from the original on June 1, 2011.
22.Jump up ^ Grandfather Mountain audio tour
23.^ Jump up to: a b c Forrest Gump-(Building the World of Gump: Production Design) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001.
24.Jump up ^ Forrest Gump-(Through the eyes of Forrest Gump) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001. Event occurs at 12:29.
25.Jump up ^ Forrest Gump-(Seeing is Believing: The Visual Effects of Forrest Gump-Vietnam) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001.
26.Jump up ^ Forrest Gump-(Seeing is Believing: The Visual Effects of Forrest Gump-Lt. Dan's Legs) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001.
27.^ Jump up to: a b Forrest Gump-(Seeing is Believing: The Visual Effects of Forrest Gump-Enhancing Reality) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001.
28.Jump up ^ "Forrest Gump". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved April 5, 2011.
29.Jump up ^ "Forrest Gump". Metacritic. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
30.^ Jump up to: a b Ebert, Roger (July 6, 1994). "Forrest Gump". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
31.Jump up ^ McCarthy, Todd (July 10, 1994). "Forrest Gump". Variety. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
32.^ Jump up to: a b Lane, Anthony. "Forrest Gump". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
33.Jump up ^ Gleiberman, Owen (July 15, 1994). "Forrest Gump (1994)". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
34.Jump up ^ Hinson, Hal (August 14, 1994). "Forrest Gump, Our National Folk Zero". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
35.Jump up ^ Rich, Frank (July 21, 1994). "The Gump From Hope". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
36.^ Jump up to: a b c Corliss, Richard; Julie Grace ; Martha Smilgis (August 1, 1994). "The World According to Gump". Time. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
37.^ Jump up to: a b c d Wang, Jennifer Hyland (Spring 2000). ""A Struggle of Contending Stories": Race, Gender, and Political Memory in Forrest Gump" (PDF). Cinema Journal 39 (3): 92–102. doi:10.1353/cj.2000.0009. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
38.Jump up ^ Travers, Peter (December 8, 2000). "Forrest Gump". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 22, 2008. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
39.Jump up ^ Burr, Ty (June 20, 1994). "Loss of innocence: 'Forrest Gump' at 10". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010. "Film critic Pauline Kael came out of retirement to bash the film on a book tour; by year's end, New York Times reviewer Janet Maslin had gone from mildly praising the film in her initial review to putting it on her worst of 1994 list, describing Forrest as a "hollow man" who's 'self-congratulatory in his blissful ignorance, warmly embraced as the embodiment of absolutely nothing.'"
40.Jump up ^ Vincenti, Marc (August 1994). "Forrest Gump". Palo Alto Weekly. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
41.Jump up ^ Mast, Gerald (2007). A Short History of the Movies: 10th Edition. London: Longman.
42.Jump up ^ Bal, Sumeet; Marc Bernardin, Monica Mehta, Joshua Rich, Erin Richter, Michael Sauter, Missy Schwartz, and Nancy Sidewater (January 9, 2004). "Cry Hard 2 The Readers Strike Back". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
43.^ Jump up to: a b "Forrest Gump Weekend Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
44.Jump up ^ "All Time Box Office Domestic Grosses". Box Office Mojo.
45.Jump up ^ "Fastest to $100 million". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
46.Jump up ^ "Fastest to $200 million". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
47.Jump up ^ "Fastest to $300 million". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
48.Jump up ^ McDonald, Paul, and Janet Wasko. The Contemporary Hollywood Film Industry. Malden: Blackwell, 2008. Pg:79 #
49.Jump up ^ Lowman, Rob (August 28, 2001). "Video Enchanted Forrest the Much-beloved "Forrest Gump" Arrives on DVD with Sweetness Intact" (Fee required). Beacon Journal. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
50.Jump up ^ Schweiger, Arlen (June 23, 2009). "Paramount Saves Top Titles for Blu-ray 'Sapphire' Treatment". Electronic House. Archived from the original on October 20, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
51.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years... The Complete Lists". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
52.Jump up ^ Braund, Simon; et al. "Empire's 500 Greatest Movies Of All Time". Empire. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
53.Jump up ^ Ben Nuckols (December 28, 2011). "Forrest Gump, Hannibal Lecter join film registry". Atlanta Journal-Constitution (Cox Newspapers). Retrieved December 28, 2011.[dead link]
54.Jump up ^ "2011 National Film Registry More Than a Box of Chocolates". Library of Congress. December 28, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
55.^ Jump up to: a b Horn, John (May 25, 1995). "'Forrest Gump' Has Yet to Make a Net Profit". The Journal Record (FindArticles). Archived from the original on April 12, 2009. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
56.Jump up ^ Davis, Charles E. (Summer 1997). "Accounting is like a box of chocolates: A lesson in cost behavior". Journal of Accounting Education 15 (3): 307–318. doi:10.1016/S0748-5751(97)00008-0.
57.Jump up ^ Turan, Kenneth (March 28, 1995). "Calender Goes to the Oscars Analysis Life Is Like a Box of Oscars But Statues Are Divvied Up, Quite Fittingly" (Fee required). Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
58.Jump up ^ `Gump' Author Settles Fight With Studio. SFGate (June 15, 1995). Retrieved on March 7, 2013.
59.Jump up ^ Lyall, Sarah (July 31, 1994). "It's 'Forrest Gump' vs. Harrumph". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 21, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
60.Jump up ^ Forrest Gump-(Through the eyes of Forrest Gump) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001. Event occurs at 23:27.
61.Jump up ^ Forrest Gump-(Through the eyes of Forrest Gump) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001. Event occurs at 23:57.
62.Jump up ^ Forrest Gump-(Through the eyes of Forrest Gump) (DVD). Paramount Pictures. August 28, 2001. Event occurs at 26:29.
63.^ Jump up to: a b Byers, Thomas B. (1996). "History Re-Membered: Forrest Gump, Postfeminist Masculinity, and the Burial of the Counterculture". Modern Fiction Studies 42 (2): 419–444. doi:10.1353/mfs.1995.0102. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
64.Jump up ^ Wang, Jennifer (Spring, 2000). ""A Struggle of Contending Stories": Race, Gender, and Political Memory in "Forrest Gump"". Cinema Journal 39 (3): 92–115. doi:10.1353/cj.2000.0009.
65.Jump up ^ Gordinier, Jeff (February 10, 1995). "Mr. Gump Goes to Washington". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 21, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
66.Jump up ^ Quillen, Ed (May 7, 1995). "Why are modern conservatives so enchanted with Forrest Gump?". Denver Post.
67.^ Jump up to: a b Miller, John J. (February 23, 2009). "The Best Conservative Movies". National Review. Archived from the original on October 21, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
68.^ Jump up to: a b c Burton, James Amos (September 2007). "Film, History and Cultural Memory: Cinematic Representations of Vietnam-Era America During the Culture Wars, 1987–1995". PhD Thesis.
69.^ Jump up to: a b c Rice, Lynette (August 14, 1994). "Songs Set the Mood for 'Gump'". Gainesville Sun. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
70.Jump up ^ "Top Albums at the Recording Industry Association of America". Recording Industry Association of America. Archived from the original on June 19, 2004. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
71.Jump up ^ Sciretta, Peter (December 7, 2008). "9/11 Killed the Forrest Gump Sequel". /Film. Archived from the original on October 21, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
72.Jump up ^ Tyler, Josh (March 7, 2007). "Forrest Gump Gets A Sequel". Cinema Blend. Archived from the original on October 21, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
73.Jump up ^ Groom, Winston (1996). Gump & Co. Pocket Books. p. 1. ISBN 0-671-52264-7.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Forrest Gump.
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Forrest Gump
Forrest Gump at the Internet Movie Database
Forrest Gump at the TCM Movie Database
Forrest Gump at allmovie
Forrest Gump at Box Office Mojo
Forrest Gump at Rotten Tomatoes


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Forrest Gump (novel)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search


Forrest Gump
Forrest Gump Cover.jpg
First edition

Author
Winston Groom
Cover artist
Bill Creevy[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Publisher
Doubleday

Publication date
 1986
Media type
Print
Pages
228
ISBN
0-385-23134-2
Followed by
Gump and Co.
Forrest Gump is a 1986 novel by Winston Groom. The title character retells adventures ranging from shrimp boating and ping pong championships, to thinking about his childhood love, as he bumbles his way through American history, with everything from the Vietnam War to college football becoming part of the story.
Throughout his life, Gump views the world simply and truthfully. He really doesn't know what he wants to do in life. Despite his low IQ, Gump is full of wisdom. According to him, he "can think things pretty good", but when he tries "sayin or writin them, it kinda come out like Jello". His mathematical abilities, as an idiot savant, and feats of strength lead him into all kinds of amazing adventures.[2]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Film adaptation
3 References
4 External links

Plot[edit]
Forrest Gump, named after General Nathan Bedford Forrest, narrates the story of his life. The author uses misspellings and grammatical errors to indicate his Southern accent, education, and cognitive disabilities. While living in Mobile, Alabama, Forrest meets Jenny Curran in first grade and walks her home.
By the time Forrest is sixteen years old, he is 6’ 6” (1.98 m), 242 pounds (110 kg), and plays high school football. Miss Henderson, whom Forrest is infatuated with, gives him reading lessons. He reads Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and two other books that he doesn't remember. While he enjoys the books, he doesn't do well on tests.
He gains popularity as a football player, joining the All State team. When Forrest is called to the principal's office, he meets Bear Bryant, who asks if he'd considered playing college football. After high school, Forrest takes a test at a local army recruitment center, and is told he is "Temporarily Deferred."
Forrest and Jenny meet again in college. They go to see Bonnie and Clyde, and play together in a folk music band at the Student Union, covering songs by Joan Baez, Bob Dylan, and Peter, Paul and Mary.
When he and Jenny get together, "we done all sorts of things that... I never even dreamt of in my wildest imagination... We rolled all over the livin room an into the kitchen... When we is finally finished, Jenny jus lie there a while, an then she look at me an say, 'Goddam Forrest, where is you been all my life?'"[2]
Forrest flunks out of The University of Alabama after one semester. He and his friend Bubba join the Army. Bubba dies in the Vietnam War. He meets Lieutenant Dan, who has lost his legs, in the infirmary.
He also plays in a Ping-Pong championship in China, and goes on a mission for NASA with a female astronaut and an ape named Sue. After their re-entry, they are captured and held by cannibals for four years. Forrest also has brief careers as a chess champion, a stunt man with a naked Raquel Welch in Hollywood, and as a professional wrestler called "The Dunce".
At the end of the book, Forrest honors Bubba's memory by starting a shrimp business.
Film adaptation[edit]
Main article: Forrest Gump
The novel was adapted into a feature-length film by Paramount Pictures in 1994. The film, starring Tom Hanks, won a number of awards, including several Academy Awards, and became the fourth highest-grossing film ever, at the time. Although different from the movie, the novel was republished by Pocket Books to tie in with the release of the film.
Before being made into an Academy Award winning movie, the novel sold an estimated 30,000 copies.[3]
The movie doesn't mention Forrest's being an idiot savant, and sanitizes his sex life and the character's profanity. According to the author, the movie "took some of the rough edges off" Forrest, whom he envisioned being played by John Goodman.[3]
The movie takes great advantage of special effects to have the characters interact with real people from history. It omits his time with NASA and some of his other careers, as well as his time with the cannibals and the ape named Sue.[2]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.abebooks.co.uk/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=3002358912
2.^ Jump up to: a b c The Write Stuff, edited by Giles Hugo and Anne Kellas (2003-01-09). "Forrest Gump". The-write-stuff.com.au. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
3.^ Jump up to: a b By WILLIAM GRIMESPublished: September 01, 1994 (1994-09-01). "Following the Star Of a Winsome Idiot - New York Times". Nytimes.com. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
External links[edit]
Forrest Gump (novel) on Open Library at the Internet Archive


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Categories: 1986 novels
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Gump and Co.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search


Gump & Co.
GumpAndCo.jpg
First edition

Author
Winston Groom
Country
United States
Language
English
Publisher
Pocket Books

Publication date
 1995
Media type
Print
Pages
242
ISBN
0-671-52170-5
Preceded by
Forrest Gump (1986)
Followed by
Gumpisms: The Wit and Wisdom of Forrest Gump (1994)
Gump & Co. (or Forrest Gump and Co.) is a 1995 novel by Winston Groom. It is the sequel to his novel Forrest Gump (1986), and the Academy Award-winning film Forrest Gump (1994), with Tom Hanks.[1]


Contents  [hide]
1 Plot
2 Film
3 Reception
4 References

Plot[edit]
After the death of Jenny, and failure of the Gump Shrimp Company, Forrest and his son find a way to stumble through life and history.[2]
On the first page, Forrest Gump tells readers "Don't never let nobody make a movie of your life's story," though "Whether they get it right or wrong, it don't matter."[3]
However, the character is not an idiot savant, as in the first book, but more similar to Tom Hanks' "kind hearted imp".[4] Frequent spelling and grammar mistakes, in the text, are used as a device to indicate the character's deficient education and cognitive difficulties.[5]
The story suggests that the real-life events surrounding the film have affected Forrest's life.[6] Gump runs into Tom Hanks. He even goes on The David Letterman Show and attends the Academy Awards.
He plays football for the New Orleans Saints, sells encyclopedias door-to-door, works on a pig farm, and helps develop the infamous New Coke. He accidentally crashes the Exxon Valdez, helps destroy the Berlin Wall, and fights in Operation Desert Storm with his friend, an orangutan named Sue (who survived a NASA mission and cannibals, with Gump, in the first book).
He meets many celebrities, including Colonel Oliver North, the Ayatollah Khomeini, John Hinckley, Jim Bakker, Ivan Boesky, Ronald Reagan, Saddam Hussein, Bill and Hillary Clinton, and Tom Hanks (who plays Forrest in the movie).
Throughout the book, Jenny appears to Forrest as a guardian angel, and advises him to "listen to Lieutenant Dan." Lt. Dan frequently mentions a fondness for oysters, and oystering re-vitalizes the Bubba Gump Shrimp Company.
Film[edit]
A film version has been in development,[7] due to the success of the first book and film,[8] but was delayed after the September 11 attacks.[9]
A screenplay was written by Eric Roth in 2001, based on Gump and Co..
In 2007, Paramount was taking another look at the project.[10]
The proposed film was mentioned in Cecil B. Demented, a John Waters film. In Cecil, the planned sequel for the movie Forrest Gump is called Forrest Gump, Gump Again.
Reception[edit]
The book is available from bookstores and various retailers; and, the film version is still in development, despite delays.
Larry King reportedly called it "the funniest novel I ever read".[11]
The publisher, Simon & Schuster, cite a number of positive reviews, including Patricia Holt, in the San Francisco Chronicle, saying it "is a delight".[12]
The New York Times review says that Winston Groom may have created the character of Forrest Gump, but he was a very different creature before Tom Hanks made him into an icon.[13]
References[edit]

Portal icon United States portal
Portal icon Books portal
1.Jump up ^ "Gump & Co. | Book by Winston Groom - Simon & Schuster". Books.simonandschuster.com. Retrieved 2012-11-24.
2.Jump up ^ "Gump & Co.: Winston Groom: 9780671522643: Amazon.com: Books". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2012-11-24.
3.Jump up ^ Groom, Winston (1996). Gump & Co. Pocket Books. p. 1. ISBN 0-671-52264-7.
4.Jump up ^ "Book Review: Gump & Co.". Entertainment Weekly. August 18, 1995.
5.Jump up ^ "Gump and Co. Summary - Winston Groom - Magill Book Reviews". Enotes.com. Retrieved 2012-11-24.
6.Jump up ^ Delarte, Alonso (February 2004). "Movies By The Book: Forrest Gump" (PDF). Bob's Poetry Magazine: p. 24. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
7.Jump up ^ "Gump & Co. (2013)". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2012-11-24.
8.Jump up ^ "Movies: Gump & Co.". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-11-24.
9.Jump up ^ Sciretta, Peter (December 7, 2008). "9/11 Killed the Forrest Gump Sequel". /Film. Archived from the original on October 21, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
10.Jump up ^ Tyler, Josh (March 7, 2007). "Forrest Gump Gets A Sequel". Cinema Blend. Archived from the original on October 21, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
11.Jump up ^ "Gump and Co. by Winston Groom - Reviews, Discussion, Bookclubs, Lists". Goodreads.com. Retrieved 2012-11-24.
12.Jump up ^ "Gump & Co. | Book by Winston Groom - Simon & Schuster Canada". Books.simonandschuster.ca. Retrieved 2012-11-24.
13.Jump up ^ Plunket, Robert (September 10, 1995). "If He Only Had a Brain". The New York Times.


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Winston Groom's Forrest Gump (1986)


Characters
Forrest Gump
 

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Forrest Gump (1994)
 

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Forrest Gump (soundtrack) ·
 Forrest Gump – Original Motion Picture Score (score)
 

Other
Gump and Co. (sequel novel) ·
 Bubba Gump Shrimp Company
 

 


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Forrest Gump (soundtrack)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search



 This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2009)

Forrest Gump: The Soundtrack

Soundtrack album by Various Artists

Released
June 28, 1994 (U.S.)
Recorded
1952–1983
Genre
Pop, rock, country, soul, psychedelic rock/pop, rock and roll, rockabilly
Length
96:14
Label
Paramount Pictures Records/Epic
Forrest Gump is the soundtrack album based on the Academy Award- and Golden Globe-winning film, Forrest Gump, and contains music from many well-known artists. The score, composed by Alan Silvestri, was released separately (as Forrest Gump – Original Motion Picture Score) on the same day. The album was reissued in 2001 with additional tracks.


Contents  [hide]
1 Charts
2 Track listing 2.1 Disc one
2.2 Disc two
2.3 Audio Cassette
3 Additional Songs
4 Charts and certifications 4.1 Chart positions
4.2 End-of-decade charts
4.3 Sales and certifications
5 See also
6 References

Charts[edit]
The soundtrack jumped from #34 to #7 on the Billboard 200 albums chart on July 30, 1994. The next week on August 6, 1994, it moved from #7 to #3, staying there for one week. It reached its peak position of #2 on the charts on August 13, 1994, staying there for seven weeks until September 17, 1994, when it was displaced by the soundtrack of The Lion King. The Forrest Gump soundtrack dropped from the charts on October 15, 1994.
Track listing[edit]
Disc one[edit]
1."Hound Dog" performed by Elvis Presley – 2:16
2."Rebel Rouser" performed by Duane Eddy – 2:21
3."(I Don't Know Why) But I Do" performed by Clarence "Frogman" Henry – 2:18
4."Walk Right In" performed by The Rooftop Singers – 2:33
5."Land of 1000 Dances" performed by Wilson Pickett – 2:25
6."Blowin' in the Wind" performed by Joan Baez – 2:49
7."Fortunate Son" performed by Creedence Clearwater Revival – 2:18
8."I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch)" performed by The Four Tops – 2:43
9."Respect" performed by Aretha Franklin – 2:27
10."Rainy Day Women #12 & 35" performed by Bob Dylan – 4:35
11."Sloop John B" performed by The Beach Boys – 2:56
12."California Dreamin'" performed by The Mamas & the Papas – 2:39
13."For What It's Worth" performed by Buffalo Springfield – 2:38
14."What the World Needs Now Is Love" performed by Jackie DeShannon – 3:13
15."Break on Through (To the Other Side)" performed by The Doors – 2:38
16."Mrs. Robinson" performed by Simon & Garfunkel – 3:51
Disc two[edit]
1."Volunteers" performed by Jefferson Airplane – 2:04
2."Let's Get Together" performed by The Youngbloods – 4:36
3."San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)" performed by Scott McKenzie – 2:58
4."Turn! Turn! Turn! (To Everything There Is a Season)" performed by The Byrds – 3:54
5."Medley: Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In" performed by The 5th Dimension – 4:48
6."Everybody's Talkin'" performed by Harry Nilsson – 2:44
7."Joy to the World" performed by Three Dog Night – 3:16
8."Stoned Love" performed by The Supremes – 2:59
9."Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head" performed by B. J. Thomas – 3:00
10."Mr. President (Have Pity on the Working Man)" performed by Randy Newman – 2:46
11."Sweet Home Alabama" performed by Lynyrd Skynyrd – 4:43
12."It Keeps You Runnin'" performed by The Doobie Brothers – 4:13
13."I've Got to Use My Imagination" performed by Gladys Knight & the Pips – 3:30
14."On the Road Again" performed by Willie Nelson – 2:29
15."Against the Wind" performed by Bob Seger & the Silver Bullet Band – 5:33
16."Forrest Gump Suite" composed and conducted by Alan Silvestri – 8:49
In August 2001, Epic released a Special Collector's Edition which added two tracks, "Running on Empty" and "Go Your Own Way", that are featured during the "Run Across America" sequence. They also remastered all the tracks. Disc 1's sequence remains the same while the new Disc 2 follows this:
1."Volunteers" – Jefferson Airplane – 2:05
2."Let's Get Together" – The Youngbloods – 4:37
3."San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Some Flowers in Your Hair)" – Scott McKenzie – 2:59
4."Turn! Turn! Turn! (To Everything There Is a Season)" – The Byrds – 3:55
5."Medley: Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In" – The 5th Dimension – 4:48
6."Everybody's Talkin'" – Harry Nilsson – 2:45
7."Joy to the World" – Three Dog Night – 3:16
8."Stoned Love" – The Supremes – 2:59
9."Raindrops Keep Falling on My Head" – B. J. Thomas – 3:00
10."Mr. President (Have Pity on the Working Man)" – Randy Newman – 2:46
11."Sweet Home Alabama" – Lynyrd Skynyrd – 4:44
12."Running on Empty" – Jackson Browne – 4:56 (additional track)
13."It Keeps You Runnin'" – The Doobie Brothers – 4:14
14."I've Got to Use My Imagination" – Gladys Knight & The Pips – 3:30
15."Go Your Own Way" – Fleetwood Mac – 3:40 (additional track)
16."On the Road Again" – Willie Nelson – 2:30
17."Against the Wind" – Bob Seger & The Silver Bullet Band – 5:33
18."Forrest Gump Suite" – Alan Silvestri – 8:50
Audio Cassette[edit]
The audio cassette release did not include the following tracks:
1."Walk Right In"
2."Land of 1000 Dances"
3."Blowin' in the Wind"
4."For What It's Worth"
5."Joy to the World"
6."Stoned Love"
7."Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head"
8."Forrest Gump Suite"
Additional Songs[edit]
Songs in the movie but not on the soundtrack include:
1."Lovesick Blues" – Hank Williams
2."Sugar Shack" – Jimmy Gilmer and The Fireballs
3."Hanky Panky" – Tommy James and The Shondells
4."All Along the Watchtower" – The Jimi Hendrix Experience
5."Soul Kitchen" – The Doors
6."Hello, I Love You" – The Doors
7."People Are Strange" – The Doors
8."Love Her Madly" – The Doors
9."Hey Joe" – The Jimi Hendrix Experience
10."Where Have All the Flowers Gone?" – Pete Seeger
11."Let's Work Together" – Canned Heat
12."Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree" – Tony Orlando & Dawn
13."Get Down Tonight" – KC & The Sunshine Band
14."Free Bird" – Lynyrd Skynyrd
15."Running on Empty" – Jackson Browne
16."Go Your Own Way" performed by Fleetwood Mac
John Lennon's song "Imagine" is mentioned in the film, but does not actually appear in it, therefore it is not on the soundtrack.
Charts and certifications[edit]

Chart positions[edit]

Year
Chart
Position
1994 Australian ARIA Albums Chart 1
1995
End-of-decade charts[edit]

Chart (1990–1999)
Position

U.S. Billboard 200[1] 88

Sales and certifications[edit]

Region
Certification
Sales/shipments


Australia (ARIA)[2]
11× Platinum 770,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[3]
Gold 25,000x
Brazil (ABPD)[4]
Gold 100,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[5]
Diamond 500,000^
France (SNEP)[6]
Gold 149,000[7]
Poland (ZPAV)[8]
Gold 50,000*
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[9]
Gold 25,000x
United Kingdom (BPI)[10]
Gold 100,000^
United States (RIAA)[11]
12× Platinum 6,000,000^

*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
xunspecified figures based on certification alone


Preceded by
MTV Unplugged in New York by Nirvana
Wired World of Sports by The 12th Man Australian ARIA Albums Chart number-one album
 December 4–17, 1994
 January 22–28, 1995 Succeeded by
Vitalogy by Pearl Jam
No Need to Argue by The Cranberries
See also[edit]
List of best-selling albums in Australia
List of best-selling albums in the United States
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Geoff Mayfield (December 25, 1999). 1999 The Year in Music Totally '90s: Diary of a Decade - The listing of Top Pop Albums of the '90s & Hot 100 Singles of the '90s. Billboard. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
2.Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2011 Albums". Australian Recording Industry Association.
3.Jump up ^ "Austrian album certifications – O.S.T. – Forrest Gump" (in German). IFPI Austria. Enter O.S.T. in the field Interpret. Enter Forrest Gump in the field Titel. Select album in the field Format. Click Suchen
4.Jump up ^ "Brazilian album certifications – Vários – Forrest Gump" (in Portuguese). Associação Brasileira dos Produtores de Discos.
5.Jump up ^ "Canadian album certifications – Various Artists – Forrest Gump - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack". Music Canada.
6.Jump up ^ "French album certifications – BOF – Forrest Gump" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique.
7.Jump up ^ "Les Albums Or :" (in French). Infodisc.fr. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
8.Jump up ^ "Polish album certifications – Soundtrack – Forrest Gump" (in Polish). Polish Producers of Audio and Video (ZPAV).
9.Jump up ^ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (Soundtrack; 'Forrest Gump')". Hung Medien.
10.Jump up ^ "British album certifications – Original Soundtrack – Forrest Gump - OST". British Phonographic Industry. Enter Forrest Gump - OST in the field Search. Select Title in the field Search by. Select album in the field By Format. Click Go
11.Jump up ^ "American album certifications – Soundtrack – Forrest Gump". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Album, then click SEARCH


[hide]
v ·
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 e
 
Winston Groom's Forrest Gump (1986)


Characters
Forrest Gump
 

Films
Forrest Gump (1994)
 

Music
Forrest Gump (soundtrack) ·
 Forrest Gump – Original Motion Picture Score (score)
 

Other
Gump and Co. (sequel novel) ·
 Bubba Gump Shrimp Company
 

 


Categories: Albums certified undecuple platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association
Albums certified gold by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry of Austria
Albums certified gold by the Associação Brasileira dos Produtores de Discos
Albums certified diamond by the Canadian Recording Industry Association
Albums certified gold by the Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique
Albums certified gold by the Polish Producers of Audio and Video
Albums certified gold by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry of Switzerland
Albums certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry
Albums certified multi-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America
Recording Industry Association of America Diamond Award albums
Film soundtracks
1994 soundtracks
Epic Records soundtracks















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Forrest Gump – Original Motion Picture Score
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search



 This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2013)

Forrest Gump – Original Motion Picture Score

Film score by Alan Silvestri

Released
June 28, 1994 (U.S.)
Recorded
1993–1994
Genre
Orchestral
Length
37:31
Label
Epic Soundtrax
Forrest Gump – Original Motion Picture Score is the original score album for the 1994 film Forrest Gump, directed by Robert Zemeckis. The music was composed and conducted by Alan Silvestri.[1]
This album is not to be confused with the better-selling (and therefore more common) album of diegetic songs from the film, which were released as Forrest Gump: The Soundtrack.
Critical response[edit]
AllMusic called it "saccharine", and said that while it worked as a soundtrack "it has little value on its own".[1]
Track listing[edit]
1."I'm Forrest... Forrest Gump" – 2:41
2."You're No Different" – 1:00
3."You Can't Sit Here" – 2:27
4."Run Forrest Run" – 2:14
5."Pray with Me" – 0:58
6."The Crimson Gump" – 1:08
7."They're Sending Me to Vietnam" – 2:24
8."I Ran and Ran" – 1:44
9."I Had a Destiny" – 1:19
10."Washington Reunion" – 0:46
11."Jesus on the Main Line" (arranger: Silvestri, soloist: Donny Gerard) – 2:00
12."That's My Boat" – 1:16
13."I Never Thanked You" – 0:48
14."Jenny Returns" – 2:43
15."The Crusade" – 2:01
16."Forrest Meets Forrest" – 1:42
17."The Wedding Guest" – 1:48
18."Where Heaven Ends" – 1:34
19."Jenny's Grave" – 1:27
20."I'll Be Right Here" – 0:49
21."Suite from Forrest Gump" – 6:34
The "Forrest Gump Suite" on the song soundtrack is a combination of "I'm Forrest...Forrest Gump" and "Suite from Forrest Gump" (the main and end titles respectively).
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b "Alan Silvestri Forrest Gump (Review)". AllMusic. Retrieved 22 January 2013.


[hide]
v ·
 t ·
 e
 
Winston Groom's Forrest Gump (1986)


Characters
Forrest Gump
 

Films
Forrest Gump (1994)
 

Music
Forrest Gump (soundtrack) ·
 Forrest Gump – Original Motion Picture Score (score)
 

Other
Gump and Co. (sequel novel) ·
 Bubba Gump Shrimp Company
 

 


Categories: Film soundtracks
1994 soundtracks
Epic Records soundtracks







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