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Blackfish and The Cove Wikipedia film pages
Blackfish (film)
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Blackfish
Black-and-white picture of an orca (killer whale) with the title Blackfish and credits underneath
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Gabriela Cowperthwaite
Produced by
Manuel V. Oteyza
Gabriela Cowperthwaite
Written by
Gabriela Cowperthwaite
Eli Despres
Tim Zimmermann
Music by
Jeff Beal
Cinematography
Jonathan Ingalls
Christopher Towey
Edited by
Eli Despres
Production
company
CNN Films
Manny O. Productions
Distributed by
Magnolia Pictures
Release dates
January 19, 2013 (Sundance)
July 19, 2013 (United States)
Running time
83 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Box office
$2.2 million[2][3]
Blackfish is a 2013 documentary directed by Gabriela Cowperthwaite. The film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2013, and was picked up by Magnolia Pictures and CNN Films for wider release.
Blackfish focuses on Tilikum, an orca held by SeaWorld and the controversy over captive killer whales.
Contents [hide]
1 Synopsis
2 Development
3 Reception 3.1 Critical response
3.2 Box office
3.3 Response from trainers
3.4 Response from SeaWorld
4 Impact
5 Home media
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Synopsis[edit]
Tilikum at SeaWorld Orlando in 2009.
The documentary[4] focuses on the captivity of Tilikum, an orca involved in the deaths of three individuals, and the consequences of keeping orcas in captivity. The coverage of Tilikum includes his capture in 1983 off the coast of Iceland, and purported harassment by fellow captive orcas at Sealand of the Pacific, incidents that Cowperthwaite argues contributed to the orca's aggression and includes testimonial from Lori Marino, Director of Science with the Nonhuman Rights Project. Cowperthwaite also focuses on SeaWorld's claims that lifespans of orcas in captivity are comparable to those in the wild,[5] typically 30 years for males and 50 years for females,[6] a claim the film argues is false.[7] Interview subjects also include former SeaWorld trainers, such as John Hargrove, who describe their experiences with Tilikum and other captive whales.
Development[edit]
Dawn Brancheau at SeaWorld Orlando in 2006.
Cowperthwaite began work on the film after the 2010 death of Tilikum's trainer Dawn Brancheau and in response to the claim that the orca had targeted the trainer because she had worn her hair in a ponytail.[8] Cowperthwaite argued that this claim had been conjecture and that "there had to be more to this story".[8]
The film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2013, and was picked up by Magnolia Pictures and CNN Films for wider release.[7]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
On Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, the film has a score of 98% based on 119 reviews with an average rating of 8 out of 10. The site's critical consensus states, "Blackfish is an aggressive, impassioned documentary that will change the way you look at performance killer whales."[9] On Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score from on reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 83 out of 100 based on 33 critics indicating "universal acclaim."[10] The Deseret News called it "a gripping example of documentary filmmaking at its finest".[11]
Box office[edit]
In release for 14 weeks, the film earned $2,073,582 at the North American domestic box office.[12]
Response from trainers[edit]
After the film's release, former SeaWorld trainer Bridgette Pirtle said the final film was "a complete ‘180’ from what was originally presented to me."[13] In earlier statements, Pirtle praised the film's direction and supported its message.[14] Mark Simmons, one of Tilikum's first trainers, believed few of his interview comments were used "[b]ecause the things I said flew in the face of the movie’s clear agenda. What I contributed did not support Gabriela or Tim Zimmerman’s intent with the film."[15]
Michael Scarpuzzi, the vice president for zoological operations and trainer for SeaWorld San Diego says the film uses Brancheau’s death and gruesome details to “not inform the public, but, rather regrettably, because of the desire to sensationalize.” He states, "We have altered how we care for, display and train these extraordinary animals. We have changed the facilities, equipment and procedures at our killer whale habitats. The care and educational presentation of these animals at SeaWorld has been made safer than ever. Does Blackfish inform its viewers of that fact? No, it does not."[16]
In January 2014, the family of the late trainer Dawn Brancheau said neither it nor the foundation named after her were affiliated with the film, and that they did not believe it accurately reflected Brancheau or her experiences.[17]
Response from SeaWorld[edit]
SeaWorld Entertainment refused to take part in the production of Blackfish, and later claimed the film was inaccurate,[18] saying in a statement:
Blackfish ... is inaccurate and misleading and, regrettably, exploits a tragedy .... [T]he film paints a distorted picture that withholds ...key facts about SeaWorld—among them...that SeaWorld rescues, rehabilitates and returns to the wild hundreds of wild animals every year, and that SeaWorld commits millions of dollars annually to conservation and scientific research.[19]
SeaWorld responded further with an open letter rebutting the claims.[5] The Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project, a non-profit focusing on orca in captivity, responded with open letters criticizing SeaWorld's claims.[20][21] Marine researcher Debbie Giles also offered rebuttals to SeaWorld, finding its assertions inaccurate.[22]
On December 31, 2013, the Orlando Business Journal posted a poll asking if Blackfish had changed readers' opinions on SeaWorld. The majority of votes stated that the film had not. It was later found that 180 out of 328 votes (55%) originated from a single SeaWorld-hosted IP address.[23] SeaWorld defended the voting, stating that "each of the votes that came from a SeaWorld domain were cast by team members who are passionate about the incredible work SeaWorld does and the experiences our parks provide."[24]
SeaWorld also created a section of its website titled "Truth About Blackfish," addressing the claims stated above and highlighting what it considered other problems with the film:[25][26]
On February 27, 2014, SeaWorld filed a complaint with the U.S. Department of Labor, claiming the Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigator who investigated Brancheau's death had behaved unethically by aiding the filmmakers. Cowperthwaite denied claims of improper collaboration.[27]
In March 2014, Cowperthwaite rebutted a number of claims on SeaWorld's website and challenged SeaWorld officials to a public debate.[28]
Impact[edit]
The ending to the upcoming 3D-animated film Finding Dory was revised after Pixar's John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton saw the film and spoke with director Gabriela Cowperthwaite. The depiction of a marine park in the film was altered.[29] The film Paper Towns, scheduled for a June 2015 release, had scenes featuring SeaWorld cut. Producer Wyck Gofrey explained, "Since [John Green] wrote the book [the film is based on], the documentary [Blackfish] came out. I think it's a little less playful to go to SeaWorld now."[30]
Reaction to the documentary prompted the bands and singers Heart, Barenaked Ladies, Willie Nelson, Martina McBride, .38 Special, Cheap Trick, REO Speedwagon, Pat Benatar, The Beach Boys, Trace Adkins and Trisha Yearwood to cancel their concerts at the "Bands, Brew & BBQ" event at SeaWorld Orlando and Busch Gardens Tampa in 2014.[31][32][33][34]
SeaWorld announced afterward it had suffered a $15.9 million loss, which CEO James Atchison attributed in part to high ticket prices and poor weather.[35]
Overall attendance at SeaWorld parks and Busch Gardens declined by 5% in the first nine months of 2013, though it was unclear if the drop in attendance was due to the influence of the film.[27] SeaWorld claimed attendance figures for its three marine parks — Orlando, San Diego and San Antonio — in the last three months of 2013 were at record levels for that quarter.[36]
In response to the film, New York State Senator Greg Ball proposed legislation in New York that bans keeping orcas in captivity.[37] In March 2014, California State Assemblyman Richard Bloom introduced the Orca Welfare and Safety Act, a bill in California that would ban entertainment-driven killer whale captivity and retire all current whales.[38] In June 2014, US Congressmen Adam Schiff and Jared Huffman attached an amendment to the Agriculture Appropriations Act, requiring the USDA to update the Animal Welfare Act in regards to cetacean captivity. It passed with "unanimous bipartisan support."[39] The bill allocates 1 million USD to studying the impacts of captivity on marine mammals. Schiff cited Blackfish as raising public concern.[40]
After the release of Blackfish, Southwest Airlines came under pressure to end its 26-year relationship with SeaWorld.[41] Southwest responded that it was aware of concerns and was "engaged" with SeaWorld over them, but that the partnership would continue.[42] In July 2014, it was announced that the partnership would not be renewed. A press release stated that the break was mutual and based on "shifting priorities".[41] The petitioning by activists was cited as a possible factor for the split.[43][44]
In August 2014 the company announced that attendance and revenue were down about 1-2% for the second quarter of 2014 compared with the second quarter of 2013. Additionally, SeaWorld stock prices dropped by 33%.[45] The company attributed the decline to the proposed government legislation related to the documentary.[46] In November 2014, SeaWorld announced that attendance at the parks had dropped 5.2% from the previous year and profits had fallen 28% over that quarter. As of November 2014, the company's stock was down 50% from the previous year.[47][48][49]
In September 2014, the Rosen Law Firm PA announced an investigation into "potential securities claim" on behalf of SeaWorld investors.[50] According to the firm, SeaWorld "acknowledged for the first time the negative publicity may have had a hit and may have been why the attendance has been flat for now and the past quarters." The firm will investigate if SeaWorld was aware of the impact and "chose to downplay that as a reason for its performance results."[51] In September 2014, the Rosen Law Firm filed a class action lawsuit. It alleges that SeaWorld "misled investors by claiming the decrease in attendance at its parks was caused by Easter holiday and other factors" rather than the release of Blackfish and improper practices.[50]
SeaWorld said in August 2014 that the film had hurt revenues at its San Diego, California, park.[52] On December 11, 2014, SeaWorld announced that chief executive Jim Atchison would resign, with an interim successor replacing him on January 15, 2015. The company's share price had fallen 44% in 2014.[52][53]
Home media[edit]
Blackfish was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 26, 2013 in the UK (Region 2, PAL).[citation needed] Its US release was on November 12, 2013.[citation needed]
The documentary was broadcast on CNN on October 24, 2013.[29] After the broadcast, CNN aired an Anderson Cooper special with Jack Hanna, Gabriela Cowperthwaite, Naomi Rose and Jack Hurley. This was followed by a special edition of Crossfire with Blackfish associate producer Tim Zimmermann debating Grey Stafford, a conservationist, zoologist, and member of the International Marine Animal Trainers Association.
The documentary aired on BBC Four in the UK on November 21, 2013 as part of the Storyville documentary series.[54]
See also[edit]
Killer whale attacks on humans
Non-human animal personhood
Nonhuman Rights Project
The Whale (2011 film)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blackfish-2013
2.Jump up ^ http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=blackfish.htm
3.Jump up ^ http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=intl&id=blackfish.htm
4.Jump up ^ French, Philip (July 27, 2013). "Blackfish – review". The Observer (UK). Retrieved March 9, 2014.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "SeaWorld: The Truth Is in Our Parks and People. An Open Letter from SeaWorld’s Animal Advocates". SeaWorld. n.d. Archived from the original on December 27, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
6.Jump up ^ "Killer Whale (Orcinus orca)". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Protected Fisheries. Archived from the original on February 10, 2014. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Kaufman, Amy (January 25, 2013). "'Blackfish' has SeaWorld in hot water". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Kohn, Eric (January 26, 2013). "Sundance Interview: 'Blackfish' Director Gabriela Cowperthwaite Discusses Suffering Orcas, Trainer Death, and Why SeaWorld Hasn't Seen the Movie". IndieWire. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
9.Jump up ^ "Blackfish". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
10.Jump up ^ Blackfish at Metacritic
11.Jump up ^ Peterson, Jeff (January 24, 2013). "Sundance review: 'Blackfish' is an alarming film". Deseret News (Salt Lake City, Utah). Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
12.Jump up ^ "Blackfish (2013)". Box Office Mojo. October 24, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
13.Jump up ^ Davis, Eric (January 9, 2014). "Blackfish Exposed by Former SeaWorld Trainer". MiceChat.com. Archived from the original on November 9, 2014. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
14.Jump up ^ Batt, Elizabeth (April 9, 2014). "Op-Ed: Sean Hannity's 'debate' on orca bill evolves into full-on bashing". Digital Journal. Archived from the original on November 9, 2015. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
15.Jump up ^ Davis, Eric (January 13, 2014). "More Blackfish Backlash – Tilikum’s Trainer Dives In". MiceChat.com. Archived from the original on November 10, 2014. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
16.Jump up ^ Scarpuzzi, Michael (October 28, 2013). "Blackfish film ignores SeaWorld's benefits to conservation, research". CNN.com. Retrieved December 5, 2014.
17.Jump up ^ Garcia, Jason (January 21, 2014). "Family of Dawn Brancheau chastises 'Blackfish'". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
18.Jump up ^ Pat Saperstein (July 18, 2013). "SeaWorld: Killer Whale Doc ‘Blackfish’ Is ‘Inaccurate’". Variety. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
19.Jump up ^ "SeaWorld responds to questions about captive orcas, 'Blackfish' film". CNN. October 21, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
20.Jump up ^ "Marine Mammal Captivity: The Truth Is in the Facts An Open Letter from the Informed American Public". Oceanic Preservation Society. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
21.Jump up ^ Costanzo, Amy. "An Open Letter BACK to SeaWorld". The Orca Project. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
22.Jump up ^ "SeaWorld Is So Pissed Over the Blackfish Documentary". Gawker.com. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
23.Jump up ^ "Something's fishy with this SeaWorld/'Blackfish' poll". Orlando Business Journal. January 2, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
24.Jump up ^ "SeaWorld-Owned IP Address Linked To Majority Of Votes In Newspaper's 'Blackfish' Poll: Report". Huffington Post. January 3, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
25.Jump up ^ Parker, Kolten (February 17, 2014). "SeaWorld posts videos in response to 'Blackfish' documentary". San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
26.Jump up ^ SeaWorld.com "Truth About Blackfish". SeaWorld. n.d. Retrieved April 8, 2014.
27.^ Jump up to: a b Cieply, Michael (February 27, 2014). "SeaWorld Questions Ethics of ‘Blackfish’ Investigator". The New York Times. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
28.Jump up ^ "Blackfish Director Challenges SeaWorld to Debate". EcoWatch. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
29.^ Jump up to: a b Kaufman, Amy (August 9, 2013). "'Blackfish' gives Pixar second thoughts on 'Finding Dory' plot". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved August 9, 2013.
30.Jump up ^ Ford, Rebecca (January 16, 2015). "SeaWorld Scene Cut From John Green's 'Paper Towns' Film". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved January 18, 2015.
31.Jump up ^ Ahmed, Saeed (December 9, 2013). "Heart cancels SeaWorld show amid 'Blackfish' controversy". CNN. Retrieved December 27, 2013.
32.Jump up ^ Duke, Alan (December 16, 2013). "Martina McBride, 38 Special, cancel SeaWorld gig over 'Blackfish' backlash". CNN. Retrieved December 27, 2013.
33.Jump up ^ "Beach Boys, Benatar Cancel at Busch Gardens". The New York Times. Associated Press. January 16, 2014. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
34.Jump up ^ Gibson, Megan (December 11, 2013). "The Documentary Blackfish Is Still Creating Waves at SeaWorld". Time.
35.Jump up ^ Stock, Kyle (August 29, 2013). "SeaWorld's Slump Raises a Question: Is Shamu Too Sad, or Too Expensive?". Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on October 5, 2013.
36.Jump up ^ Garcia, Jason (January 13, 2014). "Amid 'Blackfish' controversy, SeaWorld sets attendance record". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on April 2, 2004. Retrieved April 8, 2014.
37.Jump up ^ "Sign The Petition To End The Torture". Nysenate.gov. Archived from the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
38.Jump up ^ Michael, Martinez (December 16, 2013). "California bill would ban orca shows at SeaWorld". CNN. Archived from the original on March 9, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
39.Jump up ^ "Reps. Schiff and Huffman Pass Amendment Directing USDA to Update Rules Protecting Captive Orcas and Other Marine Mammals". Congressman Adam Shiff. June 11, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
40.Jump up ^ "After ‘Blackfish,’ SeaWorld hurt financially but keeps up political spending". The Washington Post. August 19, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
41.^ Jump up to: a b Stout, David (August 1, 2014). "So Long, Shamu: Southwest, SeaWorld End Ties". Time. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
42.Jump up ^ McInnis, Marilee (January 8, 2014). "Update on SeaWorld Partnership". Southwest Airlines. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
43.Jump up ^ Marlow, Ian (August 13, 2014). "SeaWorld shares dive as documentary spurs attendance drop". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
44.Jump up ^ Solomon, Jesse (August 13, 2014). "SeaWorld stock gets soaked, plunges 33%". CNN. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
45.Jump up ^ Pedicini, Sandra, "SeaWorld stock tanks after low earnings", Orlando Sentinel, August 13, 2014
46.Jump up ^ Roose, Kevin, "SeaWorld: Remember When We Said That Blackfish Movie Didn’t Hurt Us? Well, Never Mind", New York, August 13, 2014
47.Jump up ^ Omberg, Emily, "SeaWorld's financial struggles from 'Blackfish' affecting Busch Gardens", Orlando Sun Times, November 18, 2014
48.Jump up ^ Omberg, Emily, "SeaWorld losing revenue, attendance and profit because of "Blackfish"", Orlando Sun Times, November 12, 2014
49.Jump up ^ Trigaux, Robert, "As SeaWorld suffers 'Blackfish' impact, Busch Gardens suffers, too", Tampa Bay Times, November 17, 2014
50.^ Jump up to: a b "Equity Alert: The Rosen Law Firm Files Securities Class Action Against SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. -- SEAS" (Press release). Rosen Law Firm via MarketWatch.com. September 9, 2014. Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2014. (archive requires scrolldown)
51.Jump up ^ "NY law firm explores class-action suit against SeaWorld". Orlando Business Journal. August 19, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
52.^ Jump up to: a b "SeaWorld boss steps down after film hurts attendance". BBC News. December 11, 2014. Archived from the original on December 13, 2014.
53.Jump up ^ "SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. Announces David D'Alessandro Named Interim CEO" (Press release). SeaWorld Entertainment. December 11, 2014. Archived from the original on December 14, 2014. Retrieved December 14, 2014.
54.Jump up ^ "Storyville: Blackfish - The Whale That Killed". BBC. November 21, 2013. Archived from the original on January 29, 2014. Retrieved November 22, 2013. "The story of a killer whale who has taken the lives of several people while in captivity"
External links[edit]
Official website
Blackfish at the Internet Movie Database
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackfish_(film)
Blackfish (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Blackfish
Black-and-white picture of an orca (killer whale) with the title Blackfish and credits underneath
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Gabriela Cowperthwaite
Produced by
Manuel V. Oteyza
Gabriela Cowperthwaite
Written by
Gabriela Cowperthwaite
Eli Despres
Tim Zimmermann
Music by
Jeff Beal
Cinematography
Jonathan Ingalls
Christopher Towey
Edited by
Eli Despres
Production
company
CNN Films
Manny O. Productions
Distributed by
Magnolia Pictures
Release dates
January 19, 2013 (Sundance)
July 19, 2013 (United States)
Running time
83 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Box office
$2.2 million[2][3]
Blackfish is a 2013 documentary directed by Gabriela Cowperthwaite. The film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2013, and was picked up by Magnolia Pictures and CNN Films for wider release.
Blackfish focuses on Tilikum, an orca held by SeaWorld and the controversy over captive killer whales.
Contents [hide]
1 Synopsis
2 Development
3 Reception 3.1 Critical response
3.2 Box office
3.3 Response from trainers
3.4 Response from SeaWorld
4 Impact
5 Home media
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Synopsis[edit]
Tilikum at SeaWorld Orlando in 2009.
The documentary[4] focuses on the captivity of Tilikum, an orca involved in the deaths of three individuals, and the consequences of keeping orcas in captivity. The coverage of Tilikum includes his capture in 1983 off the coast of Iceland, and purported harassment by fellow captive orcas at Sealand of the Pacific, incidents that Cowperthwaite argues contributed to the orca's aggression and includes testimonial from Lori Marino, Director of Science with the Nonhuman Rights Project. Cowperthwaite also focuses on SeaWorld's claims that lifespans of orcas in captivity are comparable to those in the wild,[5] typically 30 years for males and 50 years for females,[6] a claim the film argues is false.[7] Interview subjects also include former SeaWorld trainers, such as John Hargrove, who describe their experiences with Tilikum and other captive whales.
Development[edit]
Dawn Brancheau at SeaWorld Orlando in 2006.
Cowperthwaite began work on the film after the 2010 death of Tilikum's trainer Dawn Brancheau and in response to the claim that the orca had targeted the trainer because she had worn her hair in a ponytail.[8] Cowperthwaite argued that this claim had been conjecture and that "there had to be more to this story".[8]
The film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2013, and was picked up by Magnolia Pictures and CNN Films for wider release.[7]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
On Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, the film has a score of 98% based on 119 reviews with an average rating of 8 out of 10. The site's critical consensus states, "Blackfish is an aggressive, impassioned documentary that will change the way you look at performance killer whales."[9] On Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score from on reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 83 out of 100 based on 33 critics indicating "universal acclaim."[10] The Deseret News called it "a gripping example of documentary filmmaking at its finest".[11]
Box office[edit]
In release for 14 weeks, the film earned $2,073,582 at the North American domestic box office.[12]
Response from trainers[edit]
After the film's release, former SeaWorld trainer Bridgette Pirtle said the final film was "a complete ‘180’ from what was originally presented to me."[13] In earlier statements, Pirtle praised the film's direction and supported its message.[14] Mark Simmons, one of Tilikum's first trainers, believed few of his interview comments were used "[b]ecause the things I said flew in the face of the movie’s clear agenda. What I contributed did not support Gabriela or Tim Zimmerman’s intent with the film."[15]
Michael Scarpuzzi, the vice president for zoological operations and trainer for SeaWorld San Diego says the film uses Brancheau’s death and gruesome details to “not inform the public, but, rather regrettably, because of the desire to sensationalize.” He states, "We have altered how we care for, display and train these extraordinary animals. We have changed the facilities, equipment and procedures at our killer whale habitats. The care and educational presentation of these animals at SeaWorld has been made safer than ever. Does Blackfish inform its viewers of that fact? No, it does not."[16]
In January 2014, the family of the late trainer Dawn Brancheau said neither it nor the foundation named after her were affiliated with the film, and that they did not believe it accurately reflected Brancheau or her experiences.[17]
Response from SeaWorld[edit]
SeaWorld Entertainment refused to take part in the production of Blackfish, and later claimed the film was inaccurate,[18] saying in a statement:
Blackfish ... is inaccurate and misleading and, regrettably, exploits a tragedy .... [T]he film paints a distorted picture that withholds ...key facts about SeaWorld—among them...that SeaWorld rescues, rehabilitates and returns to the wild hundreds of wild animals every year, and that SeaWorld commits millions of dollars annually to conservation and scientific research.[19]
SeaWorld responded further with an open letter rebutting the claims.[5] The Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project, a non-profit focusing on orca in captivity, responded with open letters criticizing SeaWorld's claims.[20][21] Marine researcher Debbie Giles also offered rebuttals to SeaWorld, finding its assertions inaccurate.[22]
On December 31, 2013, the Orlando Business Journal posted a poll asking if Blackfish had changed readers' opinions on SeaWorld. The majority of votes stated that the film had not. It was later found that 180 out of 328 votes (55%) originated from a single SeaWorld-hosted IP address.[23] SeaWorld defended the voting, stating that "each of the votes that came from a SeaWorld domain were cast by team members who are passionate about the incredible work SeaWorld does and the experiences our parks provide."[24]
SeaWorld also created a section of its website titled "Truth About Blackfish," addressing the claims stated above and highlighting what it considered other problems with the film:[25][26]
On February 27, 2014, SeaWorld filed a complaint with the U.S. Department of Labor, claiming the Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigator who investigated Brancheau's death had behaved unethically by aiding the filmmakers. Cowperthwaite denied claims of improper collaboration.[27]
In March 2014, Cowperthwaite rebutted a number of claims on SeaWorld's website and challenged SeaWorld officials to a public debate.[28]
Impact[edit]
The ending to the upcoming 3D-animated film Finding Dory was revised after Pixar's John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton saw the film and spoke with director Gabriela Cowperthwaite. The depiction of a marine park in the film was altered.[29] The film Paper Towns, scheduled for a June 2015 release, had scenes featuring SeaWorld cut. Producer Wyck Gofrey explained, "Since [John Green] wrote the book [the film is based on], the documentary [Blackfish] came out. I think it's a little less playful to go to SeaWorld now."[30]
Reaction to the documentary prompted the bands and singers Heart, Barenaked Ladies, Willie Nelson, Martina McBride, .38 Special, Cheap Trick, REO Speedwagon, Pat Benatar, The Beach Boys, Trace Adkins and Trisha Yearwood to cancel their concerts at the "Bands, Brew & BBQ" event at SeaWorld Orlando and Busch Gardens Tampa in 2014.[31][32][33][34]
SeaWorld announced afterward it had suffered a $15.9 million loss, which CEO James Atchison attributed in part to high ticket prices and poor weather.[35]
Overall attendance at SeaWorld parks and Busch Gardens declined by 5% in the first nine months of 2013, though it was unclear if the drop in attendance was due to the influence of the film.[27] SeaWorld claimed attendance figures for its three marine parks — Orlando, San Diego and San Antonio — in the last three months of 2013 were at record levels for that quarter.[36]
In response to the film, New York State Senator Greg Ball proposed legislation in New York that bans keeping orcas in captivity.[37] In March 2014, California State Assemblyman Richard Bloom introduced the Orca Welfare and Safety Act, a bill in California that would ban entertainment-driven killer whale captivity and retire all current whales.[38] In June 2014, US Congressmen Adam Schiff and Jared Huffman attached an amendment to the Agriculture Appropriations Act, requiring the USDA to update the Animal Welfare Act in regards to cetacean captivity. It passed with "unanimous bipartisan support."[39] The bill allocates 1 million USD to studying the impacts of captivity on marine mammals. Schiff cited Blackfish as raising public concern.[40]
After the release of Blackfish, Southwest Airlines came under pressure to end its 26-year relationship with SeaWorld.[41] Southwest responded that it was aware of concerns and was "engaged" with SeaWorld over them, but that the partnership would continue.[42] In July 2014, it was announced that the partnership would not be renewed. A press release stated that the break was mutual and based on "shifting priorities".[41] The petitioning by activists was cited as a possible factor for the split.[43][44]
In August 2014 the company announced that attendance and revenue were down about 1-2% for the second quarter of 2014 compared with the second quarter of 2013. Additionally, SeaWorld stock prices dropped by 33%.[45] The company attributed the decline to the proposed government legislation related to the documentary.[46] In November 2014, SeaWorld announced that attendance at the parks had dropped 5.2% from the previous year and profits had fallen 28% over that quarter. As of November 2014, the company's stock was down 50% from the previous year.[47][48][49]
In September 2014, the Rosen Law Firm PA announced an investigation into "potential securities claim" on behalf of SeaWorld investors.[50] According to the firm, SeaWorld "acknowledged for the first time the negative publicity may have had a hit and may have been why the attendance has been flat for now and the past quarters." The firm will investigate if SeaWorld was aware of the impact and "chose to downplay that as a reason for its performance results."[51] In September 2014, the Rosen Law Firm filed a class action lawsuit. It alleges that SeaWorld "misled investors by claiming the decrease in attendance at its parks was caused by Easter holiday and other factors" rather than the release of Blackfish and improper practices.[50]
SeaWorld said in August 2014 that the film had hurt revenues at its San Diego, California, park.[52] On December 11, 2014, SeaWorld announced that chief executive Jim Atchison would resign, with an interim successor replacing him on January 15, 2015. The company's share price had fallen 44% in 2014.[52][53]
Home media[edit]
Blackfish was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 26, 2013 in the UK (Region 2, PAL).[citation needed] Its US release was on November 12, 2013.[citation needed]
The documentary was broadcast on CNN on October 24, 2013.[29] After the broadcast, CNN aired an Anderson Cooper special with Jack Hanna, Gabriela Cowperthwaite, Naomi Rose and Jack Hurley. This was followed by a special edition of Crossfire with Blackfish associate producer Tim Zimmermann debating Grey Stafford, a conservationist, zoologist, and member of the International Marine Animal Trainers Association.
The documentary aired on BBC Four in the UK on November 21, 2013 as part of the Storyville documentary series.[54]
See also[edit]
Killer whale attacks on humans
Non-human animal personhood
Nonhuman Rights Project
The Whale (2011 film)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blackfish-2013
2.Jump up ^ http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=blackfish.htm
3.Jump up ^ http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=intl&id=blackfish.htm
4.Jump up ^ French, Philip (July 27, 2013). "Blackfish – review". The Observer (UK). Retrieved March 9, 2014.
5.^ Jump up to: a b "SeaWorld: The Truth Is in Our Parks and People. An Open Letter from SeaWorld’s Animal Advocates". SeaWorld. n.d. Archived from the original on December 27, 2013. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
6.Jump up ^ "Killer Whale (Orcinus orca)". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Protected Fisheries. Archived from the original on February 10, 2014. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Kaufman, Amy (January 25, 2013). "'Blackfish' has SeaWorld in hot water". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Kohn, Eric (January 26, 2013). "Sundance Interview: 'Blackfish' Director Gabriela Cowperthwaite Discusses Suffering Orcas, Trainer Death, and Why SeaWorld Hasn't Seen the Movie". IndieWire. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
9.Jump up ^ "Blackfish". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
10.Jump up ^ Blackfish at Metacritic
11.Jump up ^ Peterson, Jeff (January 24, 2013). "Sundance review: 'Blackfish' is an alarming film". Deseret News (Salt Lake City, Utah). Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
12.Jump up ^ "Blackfish (2013)". Box Office Mojo. October 24, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2013.
13.Jump up ^ Davis, Eric (January 9, 2014). "Blackfish Exposed by Former SeaWorld Trainer". MiceChat.com. Archived from the original on November 9, 2014. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
14.Jump up ^ Batt, Elizabeth (April 9, 2014). "Op-Ed: Sean Hannity's 'debate' on orca bill evolves into full-on bashing". Digital Journal. Archived from the original on November 9, 2015. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
15.Jump up ^ Davis, Eric (January 13, 2014). "More Blackfish Backlash – Tilikum’s Trainer Dives In". MiceChat.com. Archived from the original on November 10, 2014. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
16.Jump up ^ Scarpuzzi, Michael (October 28, 2013). "Blackfish film ignores SeaWorld's benefits to conservation, research". CNN.com. Retrieved December 5, 2014.
17.Jump up ^ Garcia, Jason (January 21, 2014). "Family of Dawn Brancheau chastises 'Blackfish'". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
18.Jump up ^ Pat Saperstein (July 18, 2013). "SeaWorld: Killer Whale Doc ‘Blackfish’ Is ‘Inaccurate’". Variety. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
19.Jump up ^ "SeaWorld responds to questions about captive orcas, 'Blackfish' film". CNN. October 21, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
20.Jump up ^ "Marine Mammal Captivity: The Truth Is in the Facts An Open Letter from the Informed American Public". Oceanic Preservation Society. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
21.Jump up ^ Costanzo, Amy. "An Open Letter BACK to SeaWorld". The Orca Project. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
22.Jump up ^ "SeaWorld Is So Pissed Over the Blackfish Documentary". Gawker.com. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
23.Jump up ^ "Something's fishy with this SeaWorld/'Blackfish' poll". Orlando Business Journal. January 2, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
24.Jump up ^ "SeaWorld-Owned IP Address Linked To Majority Of Votes In Newspaper's 'Blackfish' Poll: Report". Huffington Post. January 3, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
25.Jump up ^ Parker, Kolten (February 17, 2014). "SeaWorld posts videos in response to 'Blackfish' documentary". San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
26.Jump up ^ SeaWorld.com "Truth About Blackfish". SeaWorld. n.d. Retrieved April 8, 2014.
27.^ Jump up to: a b Cieply, Michael (February 27, 2014). "SeaWorld Questions Ethics of ‘Blackfish’ Investigator". The New York Times. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
28.Jump up ^ "Blackfish Director Challenges SeaWorld to Debate". EcoWatch. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
29.^ Jump up to: a b Kaufman, Amy (August 9, 2013). "'Blackfish' gives Pixar second thoughts on 'Finding Dory' plot". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved August 9, 2013.
30.Jump up ^ Ford, Rebecca (January 16, 2015). "SeaWorld Scene Cut From John Green's 'Paper Towns' Film". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved January 18, 2015.
31.Jump up ^ Ahmed, Saeed (December 9, 2013). "Heart cancels SeaWorld show amid 'Blackfish' controversy". CNN. Retrieved December 27, 2013.
32.Jump up ^ Duke, Alan (December 16, 2013). "Martina McBride, 38 Special, cancel SeaWorld gig over 'Blackfish' backlash". CNN. Retrieved December 27, 2013.
33.Jump up ^ "Beach Boys, Benatar Cancel at Busch Gardens". The New York Times. Associated Press. January 16, 2014. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
34.Jump up ^ Gibson, Megan (December 11, 2013). "The Documentary Blackfish Is Still Creating Waves at SeaWorld". Time.
35.Jump up ^ Stock, Kyle (August 29, 2013). "SeaWorld's Slump Raises a Question: Is Shamu Too Sad, or Too Expensive?". Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on October 5, 2013.
36.Jump up ^ Garcia, Jason (January 13, 2014). "Amid 'Blackfish' controversy, SeaWorld sets attendance record". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on April 2, 2004. Retrieved April 8, 2014.
37.Jump up ^ "Sign The Petition To End The Torture". Nysenate.gov. Archived from the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
38.Jump up ^ Michael, Martinez (December 16, 2013). "California bill would ban orca shows at SeaWorld". CNN. Archived from the original on March 9, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
39.Jump up ^ "Reps. Schiff and Huffman Pass Amendment Directing USDA to Update Rules Protecting Captive Orcas and Other Marine Mammals". Congressman Adam Shiff. June 11, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
40.Jump up ^ "After ‘Blackfish,’ SeaWorld hurt financially but keeps up political spending". The Washington Post. August 19, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
41.^ Jump up to: a b Stout, David (August 1, 2014). "So Long, Shamu: Southwest, SeaWorld End Ties". Time. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
42.Jump up ^ McInnis, Marilee (January 8, 2014). "Update on SeaWorld Partnership". Southwest Airlines. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
43.Jump up ^ Marlow, Ian (August 13, 2014). "SeaWorld shares dive as documentary spurs attendance drop". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
44.Jump up ^ Solomon, Jesse (August 13, 2014). "SeaWorld stock gets soaked, plunges 33%". CNN. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
45.Jump up ^ Pedicini, Sandra, "SeaWorld stock tanks after low earnings", Orlando Sentinel, August 13, 2014
46.Jump up ^ Roose, Kevin, "SeaWorld: Remember When We Said That Blackfish Movie Didn’t Hurt Us? Well, Never Mind", New York, August 13, 2014
47.Jump up ^ Omberg, Emily, "SeaWorld's financial struggles from 'Blackfish' affecting Busch Gardens", Orlando Sun Times, November 18, 2014
48.Jump up ^ Omberg, Emily, "SeaWorld losing revenue, attendance and profit because of "Blackfish"", Orlando Sun Times, November 12, 2014
49.Jump up ^ Trigaux, Robert, "As SeaWorld suffers 'Blackfish' impact, Busch Gardens suffers, too", Tampa Bay Times, November 17, 2014
50.^ Jump up to: a b "Equity Alert: The Rosen Law Firm Files Securities Class Action Against SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. -- SEAS" (Press release). Rosen Law Firm via MarketWatch.com. September 9, 2014. Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2014. (archive requires scrolldown)
51.Jump up ^ "NY law firm explores class-action suit against SeaWorld". Orlando Business Journal. August 19, 2014. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
52.^ Jump up to: a b "SeaWorld boss steps down after film hurts attendance". BBC News. December 11, 2014. Archived from the original on December 13, 2014.
53.Jump up ^ "SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. Announces David D'Alessandro Named Interim CEO" (Press release). SeaWorld Entertainment. December 11, 2014. Archived from the original on December 14, 2014. Retrieved December 14, 2014.
54.Jump up ^ "Storyville: Blackfish - The Whale That Killed". BBC. November 21, 2013. Archived from the original on January 29, 2014. Retrieved November 22, 2013. "The story of a killer whale who has taken the lives of several people while in captivity"
External links[edit]
Official website
Blackfish at the Internet Movie Database
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackfish_(film)
The Cove (film)
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The Cove
The Cove 2009 promo image.jpg
Canadian free-diving world champion Mandy-Rae Cruickshank swimming with dolphins in a photograph used for the film's movie poster[1]
Directed by
Louie Psihoyos
Produced by
Fisher Stevens
Paula DuPre Pesmen
Written by
Mark Monroe
Starring
Ric O'Barry
Music by
J. Ralph
Cinematography
Brook Aitken
Edited by
Geoffrey Richman
Production
company
Participant Media
Distributed by
Lionsgate
Roadside Attractions
Release dates
July 31, 2009
Running time
87 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Japanese
Box office
$1,140,043
The Cove is a 2009 documentary film that analyzes and questions dolphin hunting practices in Japan. It was awarded the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2010. The film is a call to action to halt mass dolphin kills, change Japanese fishing practices, and to inform and educate the public about the risks, and increasing hazard, of mercury poisoning from dolphin meat. The film is told from an ocean conservationist's point of view.[2][3] The film highlights the fact that the number of dolphins killed in the Taiji dolphin drive hunting is several times greater than the number of whales killed in the Antarctic, and claims that 23,000 dolphins and porpoises are killed in Japan every year by the country's whaling industry. The migrating dolphins are herded into a cove where they are netted and killed by means of spears and knives over the side of small fishing boats. The film argues that dolphin hunting as practiced in Japan is unnecessary and cruel.
Since the film's release, The Cove has drawn controversy over neutrality, secret filming, and its portrayal of the Japanese people.
The film was directed by former National Geographic photographer Louie Psihoyos.[4] Portions were filmed secretly during 2007 using underwater microphones and high-definition cameras disguised as rocks.[2][5]
The documentary won the U.S. Audience Award at the 25th annual Sundance Film Festival in January 2009. It was selected out of the 879 submissions in the category.[2][6]
Contents [hide]
1 Synopsis
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Reception 4.1 Japanese media
4.2 Critics
4.3 Reactions in Western Australia
4.4 Reactions in Taiji, Japan
4.5 Release in Japan
4.6 Lawsuit over alleged inaccuracies
4.7 Reactions in Seaworld
5 Noteworthy achievements
6 Awards and nominations
7 References
8 External links
Synopsis[edit]
The film follows former dolphin trainer and Sea Shepherd Conservation Society activist Ric O'Barry's quest to document the dolphin hunting operations in Taiji, Wakayama, Japan. In the 1960s, O'Barry helped capture and train the five wild dolphins who shared the role of "Flipper" in the hit television series of the same name. The show, very popular, fueled widespread public adoration of dolphins, influencing the development of marine parks that included dolphins in their attractions. After one of the dolphins, in O'Barry's opinion, committed a form of suicide in his arms by closing her blowhole voluntarily in order to suffocate, O'Barry came to see the dolphin's captivity and the dolphin capture industry as a curse, not a blessing. Days later, he was arrested off the island of Bimini, attempting to cut a hole in the sea pen in order to set free a captured dolphin.[7] Since then, according to the film, O'Barry has dedicated himself full-time as an advocate on behalf of dolphins around the world.
After meeting with O'Barry, Psihoyos and his crew travel to Taiji, Japan, a town that appears to be devoted to dolphins and whales. In a nearby, isolated cove, however, surrounded by wire fences and "Keep Out" signs, an activity takes place that the townspeople attempt to hide from the public. In the cove, a group of Taiji fishermen engage in dolphin drive hunting. The film states that the dolphin hunt is, in large part, motivated by the tremendous revenue generated for the town by selling some of the captured dolphins, female bottlenose dolphins, to aquariums and marine parks and killing the majority of the rest. The dolphins that are not sold into captivity are then slaughtered in the cove and the meat is sold in supermarkets. According to the evidence presented in the film, the local Japanese government officials are involved in the hiding of the hunting, and the Japanese public is not fully aware of the hunt and the marketing of dolphin meat. The film states that the dolphin meat contains dangerously high levels of mercury and interviews two local politicians, Taiji City Councilmen, who have, for that reason, advocated the removal of dolphin meat from local school lunches.
Attempts to view or film the dolphin killing in the cove are physically blocked by local police and the Japanese local government who treat the visitors with open intimidation, derision, and anger. Foreigners who come to Taiji, including The Cove's film crew, are shadowed and questioned by local police. In response, together with the Oceanic Preservation Society, Psihoyos, O'Barry, and the crew utilize special tactics and technology to covertly film what is taking place in the cove.[8] The film also reports on Japan's alleged "buying" of votes of poor nations in the International Whaling Commission. The film indicates that while Dominica has withdrawn from the IWC, Japan has recruited the following nations to its whaling agenda: Cambodia, Ecuador, Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, Kiribati, Laos, and the Republic of the Marshall Islands. This is not entirely accurate, however, as Ecuador has been a strong opponent of whaling.[9][10] At the end of the film, O'Barry marches into a meeting of the Commission carrying a TV showing footage of the Taiji dolphin slaughter. O'Barry walks around the crowded meeting room displaying the images until he is escorted from the room.
Geographical location of some of the filming and killing of the dolphins is here: Map
Cast[edit]
Ric O'Barry at the Cove in Taiji, Japan 2014
Ric O'Barry
Scott Baker[11]
Hayden Panettiere
Joe Chisholm
Mandy-Rae Cruickshank
Charles Hambleton
Simon Hutchins
Hardy Jones
Kirk Krack
Isabel Lucas
Roger Payne
John Potter
Louie Psihoyos
Dave Rastovich
Paul Watson
Production[edit]
In the film, Ric O'Barry states, "Today they would kill me, if they could. And I'm not exaggerating, if these fisherman could catch me and kill me, they would."[12] The film shows KernerFX's (previously part of ILM) contribution of specialized camouflaged high-definition cameras that were designed to look like rocks. These hidden cameras helped capture footage and were so well camouflaged that, according to director Louie Psihoyos, the crew had a hard time finding them again.[13]
Reception[edit]
Japanese media[edit]
Some media in Japan have questioned whether one scene was manufactured for the camera, discussed whether the movie should properly be called a documentary and sought to discredit it.[14] Louie Psihoyos, the documentary’s director, argues that such allegations are fabricated to protect the local whaling industry and that none of the scenes in the film were staged.[15]
An NHK TV program alleged that various techniques were used by anti-hunt activists in the film to irritate local people by saying nasty words both in Japanese and English, and then using violence or aggressive tactics with local fishermen until local police arrived. NHK concluded that the activists did so in order to capture angry and wild expressions by the local fishermen in the film and in photos.[16]
Critics[edit]
The film received very positive reviews from critics. Roger Ebert gave the film four stars (out of four), calling the film "a certain Oscar nominee."[17] Jeannette Catsoulis of The New York Times called the film "an exceptionally well-made documentary that unfolds like a spy thriller," going on to describe it as "one of the most audacious and perilous operations in the history of the conservation movement."[18] Other reviewers also played up the espionage angle of the film, including Time magazine's Mary Pols who said that The Cove "puts Hollywood capers like Mission Impossible to shame," and Peter Rainer of The Christian Science Monitor, who called it "a rousing piece of real-world thriller filmmaking."[19][20] Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 96% of critics had given the film positive reviews, based upon 115 total reviews, summarizing the consensus as "Though decidedly one-sided, The Cove is an impeccably crafted, suspenseful exposé of the covert slaughter of dolphins in Japan."[21] At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film has received an average score of 82, based on 26 reviews.[22]
There were several unfavorable reviews, usually describing the film as well-made propaganda. David Cox of The Guardian Film Blog called it a "piece of evangelism," and subsumed that from a neutral point of view "Westerners... kill and eat cows. Easterners eat dolphins. What's the difference?".[23] Academic Ilan Kapoor, echoing the famous phrase by Gayatri Spivak, argues that "it's a case of (mostly) 'white men saving cute dolphins from yellow men.'"[24] Hirotaka Akamatsu, Japanese Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries, said "it is regrettable that this movie is made as a message that brutal Japanese are killing cute dolphins".[25] According to Michelle Orange of Movie Line "How much of this (The Cove) should we believe? As a piece of propaganda, The Cove is brilliant; as a story of ingenuity and triumph over what seems like senseless brutality, it is exceptionally well-told; but as a conscientious overview of a complex and deeply fraught, layered issue, it invokes the same phrase as even the most well-intentioned, impassioned activist docs: Buyer beware."[26] There has been some controversy over the depiction of the Japanese people in the film. However, upon questioning, director Louie Psihoyos said of his sympathy for the Japanese people, many of whom are unaware of the situation at the cove, "To me, it's a love letter. I'm giving you the information your government won't give you."[27]
Reactions in Western Australia[edit]
In August 2009, after the screening of the film in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane film festivals, the councillors of the Shire of Broome, Western Australia, voted unanimously to suspend its sister city relationship with the Japanese whaling port town of Taiji, as long as the latter continues its dolphin slaughter.[28][29][30] The decision was reversed in October 2009.[31]
Reactions in Taiji, Japan[edit]
The whale and dolphin hunting season in Japan usually begins on September 1 each year; in 2009, the hunting began on September 9. Although activists tend to believe that it was because of the publicity generated by the film,[32] it has been reported that the delay was due to the weather and rough seas.[33] According to campaigners, out of the 100 dolphins captured on September 9, some were taken to be sold to marine museums and the rest were released, while 50 pilot whales were killed and sold for meat on the same day. While campaigners claim that it has become apparent that The Cove is having an impact on the way in which Japanese fisherman normally conduct the dolphin hunt,[34] on March 23, 2010 the Japanese government stated "The dolphin hunting is a part of traditional fishery of this country and it has been lawfully carried out."[35][clarification needed]]]
Upon the film winning the Oscar, the town mayor of Taiji and the chief of Taiji Fishery Union said "The hunt is performed legally and properly with the permission of Wakayama Prefecture [local government]."[36] Several people who appear in the film, including Taiji assemblyman Hisato Ryono and Tetsuya Endo, an associate professor at Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, say that they were lied to by the documentary's producers about what the film would contain and Endo has pressed charges against the Japanese film publisher.[37]
Since the release of the film, a much larger number of activists, mainly non-Japanese, have visited Taiji to protest or film the dolphin hunts. The Taiji fishermen responded by constructing an elaborate structure of tarps to better conceal the drive-hunting activities in and around the cove.[38]
Release in Japan[edit]
The film was initially screened only at two small venues in Japan: at the Foreign Correspondents' Club in Tokyo in September 2009, and at the Tokyo International Film Festival in October 2009 where it received mixed reviews.[39][40] A Japanese film distributor, Medallion Media/Unplugged, subsequently acquired the rights to screen the film in Japan. The company hoped to begin a run of the movie in Japanese cinemas in June 2010.[41] Medallion prepared the documentary for presentation in Japan by pixelating the faces of Taiji residents and fishermen depicted in the film.[36] Nationalist protesters vowed to block the release of the film in Japan and dozens equipped with loudspeakers have demonstrated outside of the distributor's office in central Tokyo.[40][42]
As of June 2010, the controversy over the film and the film's subject had received little press attention in Japanese-language media in Japan. Boyd Harnell of the Japan Times stated on May 23, 2010, that Japanese news editors had told him that the topic was "too sensitive" for them to cover.[43]
In April 2010, Colonel Frank Eppich, the United States Air Force commander of Yokota Air Base, located near Tokyo, banned screenings of the film at the base theater. A base spokesman said that The Cove was banned because using a base venue to display the film could be seen as an endorsement of the film. The spokesman added, "We have a lot of issues with Japan ... and anything done on an American base would be seen as an approval of that event."[44] In response, Louie Psihoyos said that he would give away 100 DVD copies of the film for free to Yokota base personnel.[42]
A screening scheduled for June 26, 2010 at Theater N in Shibuya was canceled after staff were harassed by right-wing protesters. Unplugged stated that it was in negotiations with other theaters to screen the film.[45] Another theater in Tokyo and one in Osaka subsequently declined to screen the film. In response, a group of 61 media figures, including journalist Akihiro Ōtani and filmmaker Yoichi Sai, released a statement expressing concern over the threat to freedom of speech by the intimidation of right-wing groups.[46] The Directors Guild of Japan also asked theaters not to stop showing the film, arguing that "such moves would limit opportunities to express thoughts and beliefs, which are the core of democracy."[47]
On June 9, 2010, Tsukuru Publishing Co. sponsored a screening of the film and panel discussion at Nakano Zero theater in Nakano, Tokyo. The panelists included five who had signed the statement above. Afterwards, panel member Kunio Suzuki, former head of Issuikai, an Uyoku dantai (rightist) group, condemned the right-winger's threats against theaters and urged that the film be shown. "Not letting people watch the movie is anti-Japanese," said Suzuki.[48]
In response to the cancellation of screenings of the film in Japan, Japanese video sharing site Nico Nico Douga screened the film for free on June 18, 2010. The same week, Ric O'Barry was invited to speak at several universities in Japan about the film. O'Barry stated that he was planning on bringing several Hollywood stars to Taiji in September 2010 in an attempt to halt that year's hunt.[49]
On July 3, 2010, six theaters in Sendai, Tokyo, Yokohama, Kyoto, Osaka, and Hachinohe began screening the film. Right-wing nationalists protested outside four of the theaters, but close police supervision prevented any disruption to the viewing schedules and ensured free access for viewers to the theaters. The two in Tokyo and Yokohama were successful in obtaining prior court injunctions prohibiting protests outside their venues.[50]
A local Taiji activist group, called People Concerned for the Ocean, announced that they would distribute DVDs of the film, dubbed in Japanese, to all 3,500 residents of Taiji. The DVDs were to be distributed to the residents on March 5–6, 2011.[51]
The assistant chief of the whaling division at Japan's Fisheries Agency Hideki Moronuki is portrayed as having been fired in the movie..[52] Close-up Gendai, a Japanese social affairs television program, showed a video-conference in English with Psihoyos and asked how he came to think Moronuki was fired. Psihoyos stated that he met Akira Nakamae, the Deputy Minister of Fisheries, on an airplane going to the 2008 IWC meeting in Santiago[53] and was told then, but Nakamae denied ever having such a meeting.[14]
Lawsuit over alleged inaccuracies[edit]
Tetsuya Endō, an associate professor of the Health Sciences University of Hokkaido who is shown in the film discussing the high mercury content of dolphin meat, is suing the Japanese rights-holder, Medallion Media, and the distributor, Unplugged, for ¥11 million over what Endō said were misleading edits of his comments in the film which have damaged his reputation. In reference to the scene in which Endo was holding in his hand the meat of a dolphin from Taiji, Endo argued that the director arbitrarily inserted into the scene a caption saying mercury was detected in the meat, even though he was explaining about another dolphin. The director, who is a photographer and founder of a marine life conservation group, alleges in the film that a large quantity of mercury is contained in dolphin meat.The litigation opened in Tokyo District Court on December 1, 2010.[54]
Reactions in Seaworld[edit]
SeaWorld spokesperson Fred Jacobs has responded by saying that, "We think we're being unfairly criticized for something we're opposed to."[55] He adds that, "SeaWorld opposes the dolphin hunts documented in The Cove. We do not purchase any animals from these hunts. More than 80 percent of the marine mammals in our care were born in our parks. We haven't collected a dolphin from the wild in decades."[56] However, Jacobs does not condemn those who purchase from the Taiji dolphin hunt.[57] O'Barry has thus been criticized for emphasizing that dolphinariums are a large contributing factor to the economic success of the dolphin slaughter in Taiji and for encouraging boycotts of dolphin shows to protest the dolphin slaughter. The scene in The Cove that displays a map consisting of arrows emanating from Taiji and pointing to countries with dolphinariums has been said to be misleading since the majority of those countries do not currently have dolphins of Japanese origin. In the United States it is currently illegal to import dolphins obtained from a drive, including the drive hunt at Taiji, as it is considered an inhumane method.[55] Since 1993 there have been no permits issued to facilities in the United States to import dolphins acquired through drive hunt methods.[58] Marilee Menard, the executive director of the Alliance of Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums, has also stated that she believes that the filmmakers are "misrepresenting that the majority of zoos and aquariums with dolphins around the world are taking these animals."[55]
Noteworthy achievements[edit]
The Cove won over 25 film awards. Some notable awards include "Best Documentary" from the Environmental Media Awards,[59] Three Cinema Eye Honors[60] for "Outstanding Achievement", and the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature on the 82nd Annual Academy Awards.[61]
Awards and nominations[edit]
The Cove has been nominated for or received numerous awards, including the following:
82nd Academy Awards (2010) – Best Documentary Feature (won)[62] During the presentation ceremony, ABC cameras abruptly cut away to the crowd when O'Barry raised a banner urging the audience to "Text DOLPHIN to 44144".[63] TV Guide labeled the moment as "Fastest Cutaway",[63] and film critic Sean Means wrote it showed that the Oscar ceremony was "studiously devoid of genuine excitement".[64]
Genesis Awards (2010) - Best Documentary Feature (won)
62nd Writers Guild Awards (2009) – Best Documentary Feature Screenplay (February 20, 2010)
Directors Guild Awards (2009) – Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Documentary, Directors Guild of America (January 31, 2010)[65]
National Board of Review – Best Documentary, (December 3, 2009)[66]
15th BFCA Critics' Choice Awards (2009) – Best Documentary Feature, Critics' Choice Awards in Los Angeles (January 15, 2010)[67]
Los Angeles Film Critics Association – Best Documentary[68]
Toronto Film Critics Association Awards (2009) – Allan King Documentary Award (December 16, 2009)[69]
Toronto Film Critics Association Awards (2009) – Best Documentary Feature (December 16, 2009)[69]
Newport Beach Film Festival (2009) – Audience Award for Best Documentary[70]
New York Film Critics Online (NYFCO) – Best Documentary (December 13, 2009)[71]
Sheffield Doc/Fest (2009) – The Sheffield Green Award (November 8, 2009)[72]
Cinema Eye Honors (2009) – (Nominated) Outstanding Achievement In Original Music Score – J. Ralph (November 5, 2009)[73]
Traveling through film festivals and social events all around the United States, The Cove has also received the best documentary nod from many critics organizations, including The Boston Society of Film Critics,[74] San Diego Film Critics Society,[75] Dallas/Ft. Worth Film Critics Association,[76] Utah Film Critics Association,[77] Florida Film Critics Association,[78] Houston Film Critics Association,[79] and the Denver Film Critics Society.[80] As the film has received more and more recognition, the Oceanic Preservation Society translated their website into multiple languages to cater to interest from around the world.[81]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ The Cove (2009). "The Cove Poster". Impawards.com. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c "Dolphin slaughter film a hit at Sundance" The Japan Times. (January 27, 2009). Retrieved on January 27, 2009.
3.Jump up ^ OPSociety.org, Oceanic Preservation Society – Facts
4.Jump up ^ Catsoulis, Jeannette. The Cove (2008) From Flipper’s Trainer to Dolphin Defender The New York Times. July 31, 2009.
5.Jump up ^ Jurgensen, John. A Dolphin Horror Film The Wall Street Journal. July 31, 2009.
6.Jump up ^ The Cove Sundance Festival 2009
7.Jump up ^ "SaveJapanDolphins.org". SaveJapanDolphins.org. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
8.Jump up ^ "TheCoveMovie.com". TheCoveMovie.com. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
9.Jump up ^ "Ecuador ECUADOR PROPONE PONER FIN A LA "CAZA CIENTÍFICA" QUE JAPÓN REALIZARÁ EN SANTUARIO AUSTRAL". Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores del Ecuador. February 17, 2011. Retrieved September 21, 2010.
10.Jump up ^ "Ecuador has not joined the pro-whaling block in the IWC". Sea Shepherd. August 11, 2010. Retrieved September 21, 2010.
11.Jump up ^ "Scott Baker | Marine Mammal Institute". Mmi.oregonstate.edu. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
12.Jump up ^ In the first five minutes of the film
13.Jump up ^ Wired.com, How Filmmakers Used Spy Tech to Catch Dolphin Slaughter, August 20, 2009
14.^ Jump up to: a b 『クローズアップ現代 問われる表現 イルカ漁映画』NHK2010年7月6日
15.Jump up ^ "Unfazed by `The Cove,' Taiji's Fishermen Prepare to Resume Dolphin Hunt". August 27, 2010.
16.Jump up ^ "クジラと生きる Living with Whales". May 22, 2011.
17.Jump up ^ The Cove rogerebert.com
18.Jump up ^ Catsoulis, Jeannette (July 31, 2009). "Movie Review - The Cove - From Flipper’s Trainer to Dolphin Defender". Movies.nytimes.com. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
19.Jump up ^ Pols, Mary (August 10, 2009). "Documentary Review: The Cove". TIME. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
20.Jump up ^ Rainer, Peter (August 7, 2009). "Review: 'The Cove'". csmonitor.com. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
21.Jump up ^ "The Cove Movie Reviews, Pictures". Rotten Tomatoes. IGN Entertainment, Inc. Retrieved May 28, 2010.
22.Jump up ^ "Cove, The reviews at Metacritic.com". Metacritic. CNET Networks, Inc. Retrieved November 24, 2009.
23.Jump up ^ Cox, David (October 26, 2009). "Guardian.co.uk". The Guardian. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
24.Jump up ^ Ilan Kapoor (2010-03-31). "Bright Lights Film Journal :: Troubled Waters: Crashing into The Cove". Brightlightsfilm.com. Retrieved 2010-09-21.
25.Jump up ^ "農林水産省/赤松農林水産大臣記者会見概要". Maff.go.jp. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
26.Jump up ^ From Lowbrow (July 30, 2009). "MovieLine.com". MovieLine.com. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
27.Jump up ^ Japan defends dolphin hunt in Oscar-winning 'Cove'. Associated Press. March 8, 2010.
28.Jump up ^ "Dolphin Kill Film to Shock Taiji Sister City Broome". Theaustralian.news.com.au. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
29.Jump up ^ Debbie Guest (2009-08-23). "Broome Suspends Sister City Relationship with Taiji Over Dolphin Slaughter". Theaustralian.news.com.au. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
30.Jump up ^ "太地のイルカ漁描く映画「The Cove」日本公開を期待". News.janjan.jp. August 27, 2009. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
31.Jump up ^ "Australian Town Embraces Taiji Again". The Japan Times. October 15, 2009. Retrieved October 28, 2009.
32.Jump up ^ "Hunters Pass On Opening Day Of Dolphin Season". All Things Considered (NPR). September 5, 2009. Retrieved September 7, 2009.
33.Jump up ^ "紀伊民報「イルカとクジラ捕獲 太地の追い込み漁」, September 9, 2009". Agara.co.jp. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
34.Jump up ^ Conservationists say 70 dolphins in Japan released. Associated Press. September 15, 2009.
35.Jump up ^ "イルカ漁は「法令に基づく伝統的漁業」 「ザ・コーブ」踏まえ政府が答弁書決定". Sankei.jp.msn.com. March 23, 2010. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
36.^ Jump up to: a b Matsutani, Minoru, "Cove Oscar is Taiji's Chagrin", Japan Times, March 9, 2010, p. 1. (アカデミー賞：「ザ・コーヴ」受賞に和歌山反発.)
37.Jump up ^ Alabaster, Jay, (Associated Press), "Cove Oscar Won't End Taiji Dolphin Kill", Japan Times, March 20, 2010, p. 2.
38.Jump up ^ Alabaster, Jay, (Associated Press), and Kyodo News, "Activists may shift tactics in Taiji; Sigh of relief" and Japan Times, March 3, 2011, p. 3.
39.Jump up ^ Tabuchi, Hiroko (October 22, 2009). "Film on the Dolphin Hunt Stirs Outrage in Japan". The New York Times. Retrieved February 9, 2010.
40.^ Jump up to: a b "Right-wingers vow to block release of 'The Cove' in Japan". Associated Press. 2010-04-10. Retrieved 2010-04-10.
41.Jump up ^ Matsutani, Minoru, "Distributor Hopes to Screen The Cove Soon", Japan Times, February 13, 2009, p. 1.
42.^ Jump up to: a b Associated Press, "'Cove' director reacts to base ban", Japan Times, April 23, 2010, p. 2.
43.Jump up ^ Harnell, Boyd, "Experts fear Taiji mercury tests are fatally flawed", Japan Times, May 23, 2010, p. 12.
44.Jump up ^ Harnell, Boyd, "Yokota base bans 'Cove' to be neutral", Japan Times, April 13, 2010, p. 1.
45.Jump up ^ Agence France-Presse, "Japan screens controversial film", The Straits Times, June 4, 2010.
46.Jump up ^ Kyodo News, "'Cove' censure threatens free speech: writers, filmmakers", Japan Times, June 9, 2010, p. 3.
47.Jump up ^ Bassett, Deborah (July 6, 2010). "The Cove Opens in Tokyo With Clash From Protesters". Huffington Post. Retrieved January 6, 2011.
48.Jump up ^ Matsutani, Minoru, "Rightist also tells theaters to run 'Cove'", Japan Times, June 11, 2010, p. 2.
49.Jump up ^ Associated Press, "Nico Nico Doga plans to stream 'Cove' for free", Japan Times, June 17, 2010, p. 2.
50.Jump up ^ Kyodo News, "Public screenings of 'The Cove' begin", Japan Times, July 4, 2010, p. 1.
51.Jump up ^ Matsutani, Minoru, "Activists to give Taiji residents free 'Cove' DVD", Japan Times, March 1, 2011, p. 2.
52.Jump up ^ "ワシントン条約第１５回締約国会議 結果報告会". Kōchi Prefectural Government. May 29, 2010. Retrieved July 7, 2010.
53.Jump up ^ Sea Change Radio
54.Jump up ^ Kyodo News, "Professor in 'Cove' sues film firms over arbitrary editing", Japan Times, December 2, 2010.
55.^ Jump up to: a b c Mieszkowski, Katharine (August 7, 2009), "Dolphins Are Dying to Amuse Us", Salon, retrieved June 7, 2011
56.Jump up ^ "The Cove's Shocking Discovery", The Oprah Winfrey Show, April 22, 2010, retrieved June 7, 2011
57.Jump up ^ Alexander, Brian (August 6, 2009), Dolphin hunt film sparks dilemma for tourists, msnbc.msn.com, retrieved January 9, 2012
58.Jump up ^ Rose, Naomi A.; E.C.M. Parsons, and Richard Farinato (2009). "The Case Against Marine Mammals in Captivity" (PDF). The Humane Society of the United States and the World Society for the Protection of Animals. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
59.Jump up ^ "EMA – 20th Anniversary Awards". Ema-online.org. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
60.Jump up ^ "'The Cove' Tops Cinema Eye Honors". indieWIRE. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
61.Jump up ^ "Oscar.com – Oscar Night – Winners". Oscar.go.com. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
62.Jump up ^ "Nominees for the 82nd Academy Awards". Retrieved February 11, 2010.
63.^ Jump up to: a b TV Guide, "11 Top Oscar Moments" March 7, 2010[dead link]
64.Jump up ^ The Salt Lake Tribune, "Hurt Locker Wins Top Oscar Prize" March 8, 2010
65.Jump up ^ DGA Website:"Kathryn Bigelow wins DGA Feature Film Award for The Hurt Locker. Other winners of 2009 DGA Awards announced." (January 31, 2010). Retrieved January 31, 2010.
66.Jump up ^ The National Board of Review Official Website, December 2009
67.Jump up ^ The Japan Times: "'Cove' named best documentary" (January 19, 2010). Retrieved January 19, 2010.
68.Jump up ^ King, Susan (December 13, 2009). "L.A. Film Critics announce 2009 winners [Updated]". Los Angeles Times.
69.^ Jump up to: a b "Toronto Film Critics Association Awards 2009". torontofilmcritics.com. 2009-12-16. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
70.Jump up ^ "Newport Beach Film Festival". Newportbeachfilmfest.com. Retrieved 2014-04-19.
71.Jump up ^ IndieWire.com, December 2009
72.Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
73.Jump up ^ IndieWire.com, November 2009
74.Jump up ^ "BSFC Award Winners – Recent". Thebsfc.org. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
75.Jump up ^ "San Diego Film Critics Society – Movie Reviews by San Diego’s Top Film Critics". Sdfcs.org. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
76.Jump up ^ Robinson, Anna (2009-12-17). "Dallas-Ft. Worth Film Critics Awards 2009". Altfg.com. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
77.Jump up ^ Montgomery, Steve (2009-12-18). "Utah Film Critics Awards 2009". Altfg.com. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
78.Jump up ^ "Florida Film Critics Circle – Home". Floridafilmcriticscircle.webs.com. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
79.Jump up ^ "The Hurt Locker wins top award from Houston film critics – 2009-Dec-19 – CultureMap Houston". Culturemap.com. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
80.Jump up ^ "Denver Film Critics Society 2009–2010 Award Nominations | Denver Film Critics Society". Denverfilmcritics.org. 2010-01-13. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
81.Jump up ^ "Welcome". The Cove Movie. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
External links[edit]
Portal icon United States portal
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Coordinates: 33°35′55.92″N 135°56′46.86″E
Official US website
Official UK site
The Cove at the Internet Movie Database
The Cove at the TCM Movie Database
The Cove at Box Office Mojo
The Cove at Rotten Tomatoes
The Cove at Metacritic
Oscar-Winning Doc The Cove – video report by Democracy Now!
The making of The Cove Director Louie Psihoyos technical interview on Momentum about the making of "The Cove"
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cove_(film)
The Cove (film)
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The Cove
The Cove 2009 promo image.jpg
Canadian free-diving world champion Mandy-Rae Cruickshank swimming with dolphins in a photograph used for the film's movie poster[1]
Directed by
Louie Psihoyos
Produced by
Fisher Stevens
Paula DuPre Pesmen
Written by
Mark Monroe
Starring
Ric O'Barry
Music by
J. Ralph
Cinematography
Brook Aitken
Edited by
Geoffrey Richman
Production
company
Participant Media
Distributed by
Lionsgate
Roadside Attractions
Release dates
July 31, 2009
Running time
87 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Japanese
Box office
$1,140,043
The Cove is a 2009 documentary film that analyzes and questions dolphin hunting practices in Japan. It was awarded the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2010. The film is a call to action to halt mass dolphin kills, change Japanese fishing practices, and to inform and educate the public about the risks, and increasing hazard, of mercury poisoning from dolphin meat. The film is told from an ocean conservationist's point of view.[2][3] The film highlights the fact that the number of dolphins killed in the Taiji dolphin drive hunting is several times greater than the number of whales killed in the Antarctic, and claims that 23,000 dolphins and porpoises are killed in Japan every year by the country's whaling industry. The migrating dolphins are herded into a cove where they are netted and killed by means of spears and knives over the side of small fishing boats. The film argues that dolphin hunting as practiced in Japan is unnecessary and cruel.
Since the film's release, The Cove has drawn controversy over neutrality, secret filming, and its portrayal of the Japanese people.
The film was directed by former National Geographic photographer Louie Psihoyos.[4] Portions were filmed secretly during 2007 using underwater microphones and high-definition cameras disguised as rocks.[2][5]
The documentary won the U.S. Audience Award at the 25th annual Sundance Film Festival in January 2009. It was selected out of the 879 submissions in the category.[2][6]
Contents [hide]
1 Synopsis
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Reception 4.1 Japanese media
4.2 Critics
4.3 Reactions in Western Australia
4.4 Reactions in Taiji, Japan
4.5 Release in Japan
4.6 Lawsuit over alleged inaccuracies
4.7 Reactions in Seaworld
5 Noteworthy achievements
6 Awards and nominations
7 References
8 External links
Synopsis[edit]
The film follows former dolphin trainer and Sea Shepherd Conservation Society activist Ric O'Barry's quest to document the dolphin hunting operations in Taiji, Wakayama, Japan. In the 1960s, O'Barry helped capture and train the five wild dolphins who shared the role of "Flipper" in the hit television series of the same name. The show, very popular, fueled widespread public adoration of dolphins, influencing the development of marine parks that included dolphins in their attractions. After one of the dolphins, in O'Barry's opinion, committed a form of suicide in his arms by closing her blowhole voluntarily in order to suffocate, O'Barry came to see the dolphin's captivity and the dolphin capture industry as a curse, not a blessing. Days later, he was arrested off the island of Bimini, attempting to cut a hole in the sea pen in order to set free a captured dolphin.[7] Since then, according to the film, O'Barry has dedicated himself full-time as an advocate on behalf of dolphins around the world.
After meeting with O'Barry, Psihoyos and his crew travel to Taiji, Japan, a town that appears to be devoted to dolphins and whales. In a nearby, isolated cove, however, surrounded by wire fences and "Keep Out" signs, an activity takes place that the townspeople attempt to hide from the public. In the cove, a group of Taiji fishermen engage in dolphin drive hunting. The film states that the dolphin hunt is, in large part, motivated by the tremendous revenue generated for the town by selling some of the captured dolphins, female bottlenose dolphins, to aquariums and marine parks and killing the majority of the rest. The dolphins that are not sold into captivity are then slaughtered in the cove and the meat is sold in supermarkets. According to the evidence presented in the film, the local Japanese government officials are involved in the hiding of the hunting, and the Japanese public is not fully aware of the hunt and the marketing of dolphin meat. The film states that the dolphin meat contains dangerously high levels of mercury and interviews two local politicians, Taiji City Councilmen, who have, for that reason, advocated the removal of dolphin meat from local school lunches.
Attempts to view or film the dolphin killing in the cove are physically blocked by local police and the Japanese local government who treat the visitors with open intimidation, derision, and anger. Foreigners who come to Taiji, including The Cove's film crew, are shadowed and questioned by local police. In response, together with the Oceanic Preservation Society, Psihoyos, O'Barry, and the crew utilize special tactics and technology to covertly film what is taking place in the cove.[8] The film also reports on Japan's alleged "buying" of votes of poor nations in the International Whaling Commission. The film indicates that while Dominica has withdrawn from the IWC, Japan has recruited the following nations to its whaling agenda: Cambodia, Ecuador, Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, Kiribati, Laos, and the Republic of the Marshall Islands. This is not entirely accurate, however, as Ecuador has been a strong opponent of whaling.[9][10] At the end of the film, O'Barry marches into a meeting of the Commission carrying a TV showing footage of the Taiji dolphin slaughter. O'Barry walks around the crowded meeting room displaying the images until he is escorted from the room.
Geographical location of some of the filming and killing of the dolphins is here: Map
Cast[edit]
Ric O'Barry at the Cove in Taiji, Japan 2014
Ric O'Barry
Scott Baker[11]
Hayden Panettiere
Joe Chisholm
Mandy-Rae Cruickshank
Charles Hambleton
Simon Hutchins
Hardy Jones
Kirk Krack
Isabel Lucas
Roger Payne
John Potter
Louie Psihoyos
Dave Rastovich
Paul Watson
Production[edit]
In the film, Ric O'Barry states, "Today they would kill me, if they could. And I'm not exaggerating, if these fisherman could catch me and kill me, they would."[12] The film shows KernerFX's (previously part of ILM) contribution of specialized camouflaged high-definition cameras that were designed to look like rocks. These hidden cameras helped capture footage and were so well camouflaged that, according to director Louie Psihoyos, the crew had a hard time finding them again.[13]
Reception[edit]
Japanese media[edit]
Some media in Japan have questioned whether one scene was manufactured for the camera, discussed whether the movie should properly be called a documentary and sought to discredit it.[14] Louie Psihoyos, the documentary’s director, argues that such allegations are fabricated to protect the local whaling industry and that none of the scenes in the film were staged.[15]
An NHK TV program alleged that various techniques were used by anti-hunt activists in the film to irritate local people by saying nasty words both in Japanese and English, and then using violence or aggressive tactics with local fishermen until local police arrived. NHK concluded that the activists did so in order to capture angry and wild expressions by the local fishermen in the film and in photos.[16]
Critics[edit]
The film received very positive reviews from critics. Roger Ebert gave the film four stars (out of four), calling the film "a certain Oscar nominee."[17] Jeannette Catsoulis of The New York Times called the film "an exceptionally well-made documentary that unfolds like a spy thriller," going on to describe it as "one of the most audacious and perilous operations in the history of the conservation movement."[18] Other reviewers also played up the espionage angle of the film, including Time magazine's Mary Pols who said that The Cove "puts Hollywood capers like Mission Impossible to shame," and Peter Rainer of The Christian Science Monitor, who called it "a rousing piece of real-world thriller filmmaking."[19][20] Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 96% of critics had given the film positive reviews, based upon 115 total reviews, summarizing the consensus as "Though decidedly one-sided, The Cove is an impeccably crafted, suspenseful exposé of the covert slaughter of dolphins in Japan."[21] At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film has received an average score of 82, based on 26 reviews.[22]
There were several unfavorable reviews, usually describing the film as well-made propaganda. David Cox of The Guardian Film Blog called it a "piece of evangelism," and subsumed that from a neutral point of view "Westerners... kill and eat cows. Easterners eat dolphins. What's the difference?".[23] Academic Ilan Kapoor, echoing the famous phrase by Gayatri Spivak, argues that "it's a case of (mostly) 'white men saving cute dolphins from yellow men.'"[24] Hirotaka Akamatsu, Japanese Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries, said "it is regrettable that this movie is made as a message that brutal Japanese are killing cute dolphins".[25] According to Michelle Orange of Movie Line "How much of this (The Cove) should we believe? As a piece of propaganda, The Cove is brilliant; as a story of ingenuity and triumph over what seems like senseless brutality, it is exceptionally well-told; but as a conscientious overview of a complex and deeply fraught, layered issue, it invokes the same phrase as even the most well-intentioned, impassioned activist docs: Buyer beware."[26] There has been some controversy over the depiction of the Japanese people in the film. However, upon questioning, director Louie Psihoyos said of his sympathy for the Japanese people, many of whom are unaware of the situation at the cove, "To me, it's a love letter. I'm giving you the information your government won't give you."[27]
Reactions in Western Australia[edit]
In August 2009, after the screening of the film in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane film festivals, the councillors of the Shire of Broome, Western Australia, voted unanimously to suspend its sister city relationship with the Japanese whaling port town of Taiji, as long as the latter continues its dolphin slaughter.[28][29][30] The decision was reversed in October 2009.[31]
Reactions in Taiji, Japan[edit]
The whale and dolphin hunting season in Japan usually begins on September 1 each year; in 2009, the hunting began on September 9. Although activists tend to believe that it was because of the publicity generated by the film,[32] it has been reported that the delay was due to the weather and rough seas.[33] According to campaigners, out of the 100 dolphins captured on September 9, some were taken to be sold to marine museums and the rest were released, while 50 pilot whales were killed and sold for meat on the same day. While campaigners claim that it has become apparent that The Cove is having an impact on the way in which Japanese fisherman normally conduct the dolphin hunt,[34] on March 23, 2010 the Japanese government stated "The dolphin hunting is a part of traditional fishery of this country and it has been lawfully carried out."[35][clarification needed]]]
Upon the film winning the Oscar, the town mayor of Taiji and the chief of Taiji Fishery Union said "The hunt is performed legally and properly with the permission of Wakayama Prefecture [local government]."[36] Several people who appear in the film, including Taiji assemblyman Hisato Ryono and Tetsuya Endo, an associate professor at Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, say that they were lied to by the documentary's producers about what the film would contain and Endo has pressed charges against the Japanese film publisher.[37]
Since the release of the film, a much larger number of activists, mainly non-Japanese, have visited Taiji to protest or film the dolphin hunts. The Taiji fishermen responded by constructing an elaborate structure of tarps to better conceal the drive-hunting activities in and around the cove.[38]
Release in Japan[edit]
The film was initially screened only at two small venues in Japan: at the Foreign Correspondents' Club in Tokyo in September 2009, and at the Tokyo International Film Festival in October 2009 where it received mixed reviews.[39][40] A Japanese film distributor, Medallion Media/Unplugged, subsequently acquired the rights to screen the film in Japan. The company hoped to begin a run of the movie in Japanese cinemas in June 2010.[41] Medallion prepared the documentary for presentation in Japan by pixelating the faces of Taiji residents and fishermen depicted in the film.[36] Nationalist protesters vowed to block the release of the film in Japan and dozens equipped with loudspeakers have demonstrated outside of the distributor's office in central Tokyo.[40][42]
As of June 2010, the controversy over the film and the film's subject had received little press attention in Japanese-language media in Japan. Boyd Harnell of the Japan Times stated on May 23, 2010, that Japanese news editors had told him that the topic was "too sensitive" for them to cover.[43]
In April 2010, Colonel Frank Eppich, the United States Air Force commander of Yokota Air Base, located near Tokyo, banned screenings of the film at the base theater. A base spokesman said that The Cove was banned because using a base venue to display the film could be seen as an endorsement of the film. The spokesman added, "We have a lot of issues with Japan ... and anything done on an American base would be seen as an approval of that event."[44] In response, Louie Psihoyos said that he would give away 100 DVD copies of the film for free to Yokota base personnel.[42]
A screening scheduled for June 26, 2010 at Theater N in Shibuya was canceled after staff were harassed by right-wing protesters. Unplugged stated that it was in negotiations with other theaters to screen the film.[45] Another theater in Tokyo and one in Osaka subsequently declined to screen the film. In response, a group of 61 media figures, including journalist Akihiro Ōtani and filmmaker Yoichi Sai, released a statement expressing concern over the threat to freedom of speech by the intimidation of right-wing groups.[46] The Directors Guild of Japan also asked theaters not to stop showing the film, arguing that "such moves would limit opportunities to express thoughts and beliefs, which are the core of democracy."[47]
On June 9, 2010, Tsukuru Publishing Co. sponsored a screening of the film and panel discussion at Nakano Zero theater in Nakano, Tokyo. The panelists included five who had signed the statement above. Afterwards, panel member Kunio Suzuki, former head of Issuikai, an Uyoku dantai (rightist) group, condemned the right-winger's threats against theaters and urged that the film be shown. "Not letting people watch the movie is anti-Japanese," said Suzuki.[48]
In response to the cancellation of screenings of the film in Japan, Japanese video sharing site Nico Nico Douga screened the film for free on June 18, 2010. The same week, Ric O'Barry was invited to speak at several universities in Japan about the film. O'Barry stated that he was planning on bringing several Hollywood stars to Taiji in September 2010 in an attempt to halt that year's hunt.[49]
On July 3, 2010, six theaters in Sendai, Tokyo, Yokohama, Kyoto, Osaka, and Hachinohe began screening the film. Right-wing nationalists protested outside four of the theaters, but close police supervision prevented any disruption to the viewing schedules and ensured free access for viewers to the theaters. The two in Tokyo and Yokohama were successful in obtaining prior court injunctions prohibiting protests outside their venues.[50]
A local Taiji activist group, called People Concerned for the Ocean, announced that they would distribute DVDs of the film, dubbed in Japanese, to all 3,500 residents of Taiji. The DVDs were to be distributed to the residents on March 5–6, 2011.[51]
The assistant chief of the whaling division at Japan's Fisheries Agency Hideki Moronuki is portrayed as having been fired in the movie..[52] Close-up Gendai, a Japanese social affairs television program, showed a video-conference in English with Psihoyos and asked how he came to think Moronuki was fired. Psihoyos stated that he met Akira Nakamae, the Deputy Minister of Fisheries, on an airplane going to the 2008 IWC meeting in Santiago[53] and was told then, but Nakamae denied ever having such a meeting.[14]
Lawsuit over alleged inaccuracies[edit]
Tetsuya Endō, an associate professor of the Health Sciences University of Hokkaido who is shown in the film discussing the high mercury content of dolphin meat, is suing the Japanese rights-holder, Medallion Media, and the distributor, Unplugged, for ¥11 million over what Endō said were misleading edits of his comments in the film which have damaged his reputation. In reference to the scene in which Endo was holding in his hand the meat of a dolphin from Taiji, Endo argued that the director arbitrarily inserted into the scene a caption saying mercury was detected in the meat, even though he was explaining about another dolphin. The director, who is a photographer and founder of a marine life conservation group, alleges in the film that a large quantity of mercury is contained in dolphin meat.The litigation opened in Tokyo District Court on December 1, 2010.[54]
Reactions in Seaworld[edit]
SeaWorld spokesperson Fred Jacobs has responded by saying that, "We think we're being unfairly criticized for something we're opposed to."[55] He adds that, "SeaWorld opposes the dolphin hunts documented in The Cove. We do not purchase any animals from these hunts. More than 80 percent of the marine mammals in our care were born in our parks. We haven't collected a dolphin from the wild in decades."[56] However, Jacobs does not condemn those who purchase from the Taiji dolphin hunt.[57] O'Barry has thus been criticized for emphasizing that dolphinariums are a large contributing factor to the economic success of the dolphin slaughter in Taiji and for encouraging boycotts of dolphin shows to protest the dolphin slaughter. The scene in The Cove that displays a map consisting of arrows emanating from Taiji and pointing to countries with dolphinariums has been said to be misleading since the majority of those countries do not currently have dolphins of Japanese origin. In the United States it is currently illegal to import dolphins obtained from a drive, including the drive hunt at Taiji, as it is considered an inhumane method.[55] Since 1993 there have been no permits issued to facilities in the United States to import dolphins acquired through drive hunt methods.[58] Marilee Menard, the executive director of the Alliance of Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums, has also stated that she believes that the filmmakers are "misrepresenting that the majority of zoos and aquariums with dolphins around the world are taking these animals."[55]
Noteworthy achievements[edit]
The Cove won over 25 film awards. Some notable awards include "Best Documentary" from the Environmental Media Awards,[59] Three Cinema Eye Honors[60] for "Outstanding Achievement", and the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature on the 82nd Annual Academy Awards.[61]
Awards and nominations[edit]
The Cove has been nominated for or received numerous awards, including the following:
82nd Academy Awards (2010) – Best Documentary Feature (won)[62] During the presentation ceremony, ABC cameras abruptly cut away to the crowd when O'Barry raised a banner urging the audience to "Text DOLPHIN to 44144".[63] TV Guide labeled the moment as "Fastest Cutaway",[63] and film critic Sean Means wrote it showed that the Oscar ceremony was "studiously devoid of genuine excitement".[64]
Genesis Awards (2010) - Best Documentary Feature (won)
62nd Writers Guild Awards (2009) – Best Documentary Feature Screenplay (February 20, 2010)
Directors Guild Awards (2009) – Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Documentary, Directors Guild of America (January 31, 2010)[65]
National Board of Review – Best Documentary, (December 3, 2009)[66]
15th BFCA Critics' Choice Awards (2009) – Best Documentary Feature, Critics' Choice Awards in Los Angeles (January 15, 2010)[67]
Los Angeles Film Critics Association – Best Documentary[68]
Toronto Film Critics Association Awards (2009) – Allan King Documentary Award (December 16, 2009)[69]
Toronto Film Critics Association Awards (2009) – Best Documentary Feature (December 16, 2009)[69]
Newport Beach Film Festival (2009) – Audience Award for Best Documentary[70]
New York Film Critics Online (NYFCO) – Best Documentary (December 13, 2009)[71]
Sheffield Doc/Fest (2009) – The Sheffield Green Award (November 8, 2009)[72]
Cinema Eye Honors (2009) – (Nominated) Outstanding Achievement In Original Music Score – J. Ralph (November 5, 2009)[73]
Traveling through film festivals and social events all around the United States, The Cove has also received the best documentary nod from many critics organizations, including The Boston Society of Film Critics,[74] San Diego Film Critics Society,[75] Dallas/Ft. Worth Film Critics Association,[76] Utah Film Critics Association,[77] Florida Film Critics Association,[78] Houston Film Critics Association,[79] and the Denver Film Critics Society.[80] As the film has received more and more recognition, the Oceanic Preservation Society translated their website into multiple languages to cater to interest from around the world.[81]
References[edit]
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External links[edit]
Portal icon United States portal
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Coordinates: 33°35′55.92″N 135°56′46.86″E
Official US website
Official UK site
The Cove at the Internet Movie Database
The Cove at the TCM Movie Database
The Cove at Box Office Mojo
The Cove at Rotten Tomatoes
The Cove at Metacritic
Oscar-Winning Doc The Cove – video report by Democracy Now!
The making of The Cove Director Louie Psihoyos technical interview on Momentum about the making of "The Cove"
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Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature
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Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Documentary Feature
Categories: 2009 films
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