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The Shawshank Redemption Wikipedia pages
The Shawshank Redemption (soundtrack)
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Jump to: navigation, search
The Shawshank Redemption
Film score by Thomas Newman
Released
September 20, 1994
Recorded
1994
Genre
Classical
Length
53:24
Label
Sony BMG
Producer
Thomas Newman and Bill Bernstein
Thomas Newman chronology
Little Women The Shawshank Redemption The War
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
Allmusic 3/5 stars[1]
Filmtracks 4/5 stars
SoundtrackNet 5/5 stars
The Shawshank Redemption is the original soundtrack, on the Sony BMG label, of the 1994 film The Shawshank Redemption starring Morgan Freeman, Tim Robbins, Bob Gunton, William Sadler and Clancy Brown. The original score was composed by Thomas Newman.
The album was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score and a Grammy Award: "Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television" but lost both to The Lion King.
Track listing[edit]
1.May (0:33)
2.Shawshank Prison (Stoic Theme) (1:53)
3.New Fish (1:50)
4.Rock Hammer (1:51)
5.An Inch of His Life (2:48)
6.If I Didn't Care by The Ink Spots (3:03)
7.Brooks was Here (5:06)
8.His Judgement Cometh (2:00)
9.Suds on the Roof (1:36)
10.Workfield (1:10)
11.Shawshank Redemption (4:26)
12.Lovesick Blues by Hank Williams (2:42)
13.Elmo Blatch (1:08)
14.Sisters (1:18)
15.Zihuatanejo (4:43)
16.The Marriage of Figaro: Duettino - Sull'aria, performed by Edith Mathis, Gundula Janowitz, Orchestra of the Deutsche Oper Berlin, Karl Böhm (dir.) (3:32)
17.Lovely Raquel (1:55)
18.And That Right Soon (1:08)
19.Compass and Guns (3:53)
20.So was Red (2:44)
21.End Title (4:05)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Allmusic review
Categories: 1994 soundtracks
Classical music soundtracks
Film soundtracks
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This page was last modified on 16 October 2013, at 17:32.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shawshank_Redemption_(soundtrack)
The Shawshank Redemption (soundtrack)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Shawshank Redemption
Film score by Thomas Newman
Released
September 20, 1994
Recorded
1994
Genre
Classical
Length
53:24
Label
Sony BMG
Producer
Thomas Newman and Bill Bernstein
Thomas Newman chronology
Little Women The Shawshank Redemption The War
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
Allmusic 3/5 stars[1]
Filmtracks 4/5 stars
SoundtrackNet 5/5 stars
The Shawshank Redemption is the original soundtrack, on the Sony BMG label, of the 1994 film The Shawshank Redemption starring Morgan Freeman, Tim Robbins, Bob Gunton, William Sadler and Clancy Brown. The original score was composed by Thomas Newman.
The album was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score and a Grammy Award: "Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television" but lost both to The Lion King.
Track listing[edit]
1.May (0:33)
2.Shawshank Prison (Stoic Theme) (1:53)
3.New Fish (1:50)
4.Rock Hammer (1:51)
5.An Inch of His Life (2:48)
6.If I Didn't Care by The Ink Spots (3:03)
7.Brooks was Here (5:06)
8.His Judgement Cometh (2:00)
9.Suds on the Roof (1:36)
10.Workfield (1:10)
11.Shawshank Redemption (4:26)
12.Lovesick Blues by Hank Williams (2:42)
13.Elmo Blatch (1:08)
14.Sisters (1:18)
15.Zihuatanejo (4:43)
16.The Marriage of Figaro: Duettino - Sull'aria, performed by Edith Mathis, Gundula Janowitz, Orchestra of the Deutsche Oper Berlin, Karl Böhm (dir.) (3:32)
17.Lovely Raquel (1:55)
18.And That Right Soon (1:08)
19.Compass and Guns (3:53)
20.So was Red (2:44)
21.End Title (4:05)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Allmusic review
Categories: 1994 soundtracks
Classical music soundtracks
Film soundtracks
Navigation menu
Create account
Log in
Article
Talk
Read
Edit
View history
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
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Interaction
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About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
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Page information
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Cite this page
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Printable version
Languages
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This page was last modified on 16 October 2013, at 17:32.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shawshank_Redemption_(soundtrack)
Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption"
Author
Stephen King
Country
United States
Language
English
Genre(s)
Fiction
Published in
Different Seasons
Publisher
Viking Press
Media type
Print (Hardcover)
Publication date
1982
Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption is a novella by Stephen King, from his 1982 collection Different Seasons, subtitled Hope Springs Eternal. It was adapted for the screen in 1994 as The Shawshank Redemption, which was nominated for seven Academy Awards in 1994, including Best Picture.[1] In 2009, it was adapted for the stage as the play The Shawshank Redemption.[2]
The novella's plotline is heavily based on God Sees the Truth, But Waits by Leo Tolstoy.
Contents [hide]
1 Plot
2 Adaptations
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
Andy Dufresne, a banker from Maine, is arrested for the double murder of his wife and her lover. He is sent to Shawshank Prison for life. At the prison, he meets Red, a prisoner who specializes in procuring items from the outside world.
As a free man, Andy had been an amateur geologist, so he asks Red to get him a rock hammer, a tool he uses to shape the rocks he finds in the exercise yard into small sculptures. One of the next items he orders from Red is a large poster of Rita Hayworth. Over the ensuing years, Andy regularly requests more posters from Red, including pin-ups of Marilyn Monroe and Jayne Mansfield. When asked, Andy tells Red that he likes to imagine he can step through the pictures and be with the actresses.
One day, Andy and other prisoners are tarring a roof when Andy overhears a guard complaining about the amount of tax he will have to pay on a sum of money bequeathed to him. Andy approaches the guard, and tells him a way that he can legally shelter the money from taxation.
A gang of predatory prisoners called "The Sisters," led by Bogs Diamond, rapes any prisoner they can, and Andy is no exception. However, when Andy makes himself useful to the guards, they protect him from "The Sisters." One night, Bogs is found in his cell unconscious and severely beaten. Andy is also allowed to stay alone in his cell instead of having a cellmate like most other prisoners.
Andy's work assignment is later shifted from the laundry to the prison's library. The new assignment also allows Andy to spend more time doing financial paperwork for the staff. Andy applies to the Maine State Senate for funding to expand the library. For years he gets no response to his weekly letters until the Senate finally sends him $200, thinking Andy will stop requesting funds. Instead of ceasing his letter writing, he starts writing twice as often. His diligent work results in a major expansion of the library's collection, and he also helps a number of prisoners earn equivalency diplomas.
The warden of Shawshank, Norton, also realizes that a man of Andy's skills is useful. He has started a program called "Inside-Out" where convicts do work outside the prison for slave wages. Normal companies outside cannot compete with the cost of Inside-Out workers, so they offer Norton bribes not to bid for contracts. This cash has to be laundered somehow, and Andy makes himself useful here as well.
One day, Andy hears from another prisoner, Tommy Williams, whose former cellmate had bragged about killing a rich golfer and a lawyer's wife (Andy latches onto the idea that the word "lawyer" could easily have been mixed up with "banker," the professions being similarly viewed by the uneducated public), and framing the lawyer for the crime. Upon hearing Tommy's story, Andy realizes that this evidence could possibly result in a new trial and a chance at freedom. Norton scoffs at the story, however, and as soon as possible he makes sure Tommy is moved to another prison. Andy is too useful to Norton to be allowed to go free; furthermore, he knows details about Norton's corrupt dealings. Andy eventually resigns himself to the fact that the prospect for his legal vindication has become non-existent.
Before he was sentenced to life, Andy managed to sell off his assets and invest the proceeds under a pseudonym. This alias, Peter Stevens, has a driver's license, Social Security card and other credentials. The documents required to claim Stevens' assets and assume his identity are in a safe deposit box in a Portland bank; the key to the box is hidden under a rock along a wall lining a hay field in the small town of Buxton, not far from Shawshank.
After eighteen years in prison, Andy shares the information with Red, describing exactly how to find the place and how one day "Peter Stevens" will own a small seaside resort hotel in Zihuatanejo, Mexico. Andy also tells Red that he could use a man who knows how to get things. Red, confused about why Andy has confided this information in him, reflects on Andy's continued ability to surprise.
One morning, after he has been incarcerated for nearly 27 years, Andy disappears from his locked cell. After searching the prison grounds and surrounding area without finding any sign of him, the warden looks in Andy's cell and discovers that the current poster pasted to his wall—of a young Linda Ronstadt (Raquel Welch in the film adaptation of the novella)[3]—covers a man-sized hole. Andy had used his rock hammer not just to shape rocks, but to carve a hole through the wall. Once through the wall, he broke into a sewage pipe, crawled through it, emerged into a field beyond the prison's outer perimeter, and vanished. His prison uniform is found two miles away from the outfall. How he made good his escape with no equipment, clothing or known accomplices, nobody can determine.
A few weeks later, Red gets a blank postcard from a small Texas town near the Mexican border, and surmises that Andy crossed the border there. Shortly afterwards, Red is paroled. After nearly 40 years' imprisonment, he finds the transition to life "outside" a difficult process. On the weekends, he hitchhikes to Buxton, searching for suitable hay fields from Andy's "directions". After several months of wandering the rural town roads, he finds a field with a rock wall on the correct side, with a black rock in it. Under this rock, he finds a letter addressed to him from "Peter Stevens" inviting him to join Peter in Mexico. With the letter are 20 $50 bills. The story ends with Red violating his parole to follow Andy to Mexico.
Adaptations[edit]
The novella has been adapted into a film, The Shawshank Redemption, and a play, The Shawshank Redemption. Actor Morgan Freeman, who portrayed Red in the film, stated in an interview that the novella is his favorite book.[4]
See also[edit]
Stephen King short fiction bibliography
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Session Timeout — Academy Awards® Database — AMPAS". Awardsdatabase.oscars.org. 2010-01-29. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
2.Jump up ^ Jasper Rees (September 13, 2009). "The Shawshank Redemption hits the West End". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 2011-06-15.
3.Jump up ^ Source novella: Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption.
4.Jump up ^ Head, Steve (11 May 2005). "10 QUESTIONS: MORGAN FREEMAN". IGN.
External links[edit]
The Shawshank Redemption at the Internet Movie Database
[show]
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e
Works of Stephen King
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Category
Categories: Novellas by Stephen King
American novellas
English-language novels
1982 novels
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This page was last modified on 9 February 2015, at 04:32.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rita_Hayworth_and_Shawshank_Redemption
Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption"
Author
Stephen King
Country
United States
Language
English
Genre(s)
Fiction
Published in
Different Seasons
Publisher
Viking Press
Media type
Print (Hardcover)
Publication date
1982
Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption is a novella by Stephen King, from his 1982 collection Different Seasons, subtitled Hope Springs Eternal. It was adapted for the screen in 1994 as The Shawshank Redemption, which was nominated for seven Academy Awards in 1994, including Best Picture.[1] In 2009, it was adapted for the stage as the play The Shawshank Redemption.[2]
The novella's plotline is heavily based on God Sees the Truth, But Waits by Leo Tolstoy.
Contents [hide]
1 Plot
2 Adaptations
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
Andy Dufresne, a banker from Maine, is arrested for the double murder of his wife and her lover. He is sent to Shawshank Prison for life. At the prison, he meets Red, a prisoner who specializes in procuring items from the outside world.
As a free man, Andy had been an amateur geologist, so he asks Red to get him a rock hammer, a tool he uses to shape the rocks he finds in the exercise yard into small sculptures. One of the next items he orders from Red is a large poster of Rita Hayworth. Over the ensuing years, Andy regularly requests more posters from Red, including pin-ups of Marilyn Monroe and Jayne Mansfield. When asked, Andy tells Red that he likes to imagine he can step through the pictures and be with the actresses.
One day, Andy and other prisoners are tarring a roof when Andy overhears a guard complaining about the amount of tax he will have to pay on a sum of money bequeathed to him. Andy approaches the guard, and tells him a way that he can legally shelter the money from taxation.
A gang of predatory prisoners called "The Sisters," led by Bogs Diamond, rapes any prisoner they can, and Andy is no exception. However, when Andy makes himself useful to the guards, they protect him from "The Sisters." One night, Bogs is found in his cell unconscious and severely beaten. Andy is also allowed to stay alone in his cell instead of having a cellmate like most other prisoners.
Andy's work assignment is later shifted from the laundry to the prison's library. The new assignment also allows Andy to spend more time doing financial paperwork for the staff. Andy applies to the Maine State Senate for funding to expand the library. For years he gets no response to his weekly letters until the Senate finally sends him $200, thinking Andy will stop requesting funds. Instead of ceasing his letter writing, he starts writing twice as often. His diligent work results in a major expansion of the library's collection, and he also helps a number of prisoners earn equivalency diplomas.
The warden of Shawshank, Norton, also realizes that a man of Andy's skills is useful. He has started a program called "Inside-Out" where convicts do work outside the prison for slave wages. Normal companies outside cannot compete with the cost of Inside-Out workers, so they offer Norton bribes not to bid for contracts. This cash has to be laundered somehow, and Andy makes himself useful here as well.
One day, Andy hears from another prisoner, Tommy Williams, whose former cellmate had bragged about killing a rich golfer and a lawyer's wife (Andy latches onto the idea that the word "lawyer" could easily have been mixed up with "banker," the professions being similarly viewed by the uneducated public), and framing the lawyer for the crime. Upon hearing Tommy's story, Andy realizes that this evidence could possibly result in a new trial and a chance at freedom. Norton scoffs at the story, however, and as soon as possible he makes sure Tommy is moved to another prison. Andy is too useful to Norton to be allowed to go free; furthermore, he knows details about Norton's corrupt dealings. Andy eventually resigns himself to the fact that the prospect for his legal vindication has become non-existent.
Before he was sentenced to life, Andy managed to sell off his assets and invest the proceeds under a pseudonym. This alias, Peter Stevens, has a driver's license, Social Security card and other credentials. The documents required to claim Stevens' assets and assume his identity are in a safe deposit box in a Portland bank; the key to the box is hidden under a rock along a wall lining a hay field in the small town of Buxton, not far from Shawshank.
After eighteen years in prison, Andy shares the information with Red, describing exactly how to find the place and how one day "Peter Stevens" will own a small seaside resort hotel in Zihuatanejo, Mexico. Andy also tells Red that he could use a man who knows how to get things. Red, confused about why Andy has confided this information in him, reflects on Andy's continued ability to surprise.
One morning, after he has been incarcerated for nearly 27 years, Andy disappears from his locked cell. After searching the prison grounds and surrounding area without finding any sign of him, the warden looks in Andy's cell and discovers that the current poster pasted to his wall—of a young Linda Ronstadt (Raquel Welch in the film adaptation of the novella)[3]—covers a man-sized hole. Andy had used his rock hammer not just to shape rocks, but to carve a hole through the wall. Once through the wall, he broke into a sewage pipe, crawled through it, emerged into a field beyond the prison's outer perimeter, and vanished. His prison uniform is found two miles away from the outfall. How he made good his escape with no equipment, clothing or known accomplices, nobody can determine.
A few weeks later, Red gets a blank postcard from a small Texas town near the Mexican border, and surmises that Andy crossed the border there. Shortly afterwards, Red is paroled. After nearly 40 years' imprisonment, he finds the transition to life "outside" a difficult process. On the weekends, he hitchhikes to Buxton, searching for suitable hay fields from Andy's "directions". After several months of wandering the rural town roads, he finds a field with a rock wall on the correct side, with a black rock in it. Under this rock, he finds a letter addressed to him from "Peter Stevens" inviting him to join Peter in Mexico. With the letter are 20 $50 bills. The story ends with Red violating his parole to follow Andy to Mexico.
Adaptations[edit]
The novella has been adapted into a film, The Shawshank Redemption, and a play, The Shawshank Redemption. Actor Morgan Freeman, who portrayed Red in the film, stated in an interview that the novella is his favorite book.[4]
See also[edit]
Stephen King short fiction bibliography
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Session Timeout — Academy Awards® Database — AMPAS". Awardsdatabase.oscars.org. 2010-01-29. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
2.Jump up ^ Jasper Rees (September 13, 2009). "The Shawshank Redemption hits the West End". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 2011-06-15.
3.Jump up ^ Source novella: Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption.
4.Jump up ^ Head, Steve (11 May 2005). "10 QUESTIONS: MORGAN FREEMAN". IGN.
External links[edit]
The Shawshank Redemption at the Internet Movie Database
[show]
v ·
t ·
e
Works of Stephen King
Wikipedia book
Category
Categories: Novellas by Stephen King
American novellas
English-language novels
1982 novels
Navigation menu
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Article
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Read
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Edit links
This page was last modified on 9 February 2015, at 04:32.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rita_Hayworth_and_Shawshank_Redemption
The Shawshank Redemption
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see The Shawshank Redemption (disambiguation).
The Shawshank Redemption
ShawshankRedemptionMoviePoster.jpg
Home video release poster
Directed by
Frank Darabont
Produced by
Niki Marvin
Screenplay by
Frank Darabont
Based on
Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption
by Stephen King
Starring
Tim Robbins
Morgan Freeman
Bob Gunton
William Sadler
Clancy Brown
Gil Bellows
James Whitmore
Music by
Thomas Newman
Cinematography
Roger Deakins
Edited by
Richard Francis-Bruce
Production
company
Castle Rock Entertainment
Distributed by
Columbia Pictures
Release dates
September 10, 1994 (Toronto)
September 23, 1994 (United States)
Running time
142 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$25 million[1]
Box office
$28.3 million (North America)[1]
The Shawshank Redemption is a 1994 American drama film written and directed by Frank Darabont and starring Tim Robbins and Morgan Freeman. Adapted from the Stephen King novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption, the film tells the story of Andy Dufresne, a banker who is sentenced to life in Shawshank State Prison for the murder of his wife and her lover despite his claims of innocence. During his time at the prison, he befriends a fellow inmate, Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding, and finds himself protected by the guards after the warden begins using him in his money laundering operation.
Despite being a box office disappointment, the film received multiple award nominations and outstanding reviews from critics for its acting, story, and realism. It has since been successful on cable television, VHS, DVD, and Blu-ray. It was included in the American Film Institute's 100 Years...100 Movies 10th Anniversary Edition.[2]
Contents [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Themes
4 Production
5 Release 5.1 Critical response
5.2 Accolades
5.3 Home media
6 Music
7 Legacy
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
Plot[edit]
In 1947 Portland, Maine, banker Andy Dufresne is wrongfully convicted of murdering his wife and her lover and sentenced to two consecutive life sentences at the fictional Shawshank State Penitentiary in rural Maine. Andy befriends prison contraband smuggler, Ellis "Red" Redding, an inmate serving a life sentence. Red procures a rock hammer and later a large poster of Rita Hayworth for Andy. Working in the prison laundry, Andy is regularly assaulted by the "bull queer" gang "the Sisters" and their leader, Bogs.
In 1949, Andy overhears the brutal captain of the guards, Byron Hadley, complaining about being taxed on an inheritance and offers to help him legally shelter the money. After a vicious assault by the Sisters nearly kills Andy, Hadley beats Bogs severely. Bogs is sent to another prison and Andy is never attacked again. Warden Samuel Norton meets with Andy and reassigns him to the prison library to assist elderly inmate Brooks Hatlen. Andy's new job is a pretext for him to begin managing financial matters for the prison employees. As time passes, the warden begins using Andy to handle matters for a variety of people including guards from other prisons and the warden himself. Andy begins writing weekly letters to the state government for funds to improve the decaying library.
In 1954, Brooks is paroled, but cannot adjust to the outside world after fifty years in prison and hangs himself. Andy receives a library donation that includes a recording of The Marriage of Figaro. He plays an excerpt over the public address system, resulting in his receiving solitary confinement. After his release from solitary Andy explains that hope is what gets him through his time, a concept that Red dismisses. In 1963, Norton begins exploiting prison labor for public works, profiting by undercutting skilled labor costs and receiving kickbacks. He has Andy launder the money using the alias Randall Stephens.
In 1965, Tommy Williams is incarcerated for burglary. He joins Andy's and Red's circle of friends, and Andy helps him pass his G.E.D. exam. In 1966, Tommy reveals to Red and Andy that an inmate at another prison claimed responsibility for the murders Andy was convicted of, implying Andy's innocence. Andy approaches Warden Norton with this information, but the warden refuses to listen and sends Andy back to solitary when he mentions the money laundering. Norton then has Captain Hadley murder Tommy under the guise of an escape attempt. Andy refuses to continue the money laundering, but relents after Norton threatens to burn the library, remove Andy's protection from the guards, and move him out of his cell into worse conditions. Andy is released from solitary confinement after two months and tells Red of his dream of living in Zihuatanejo, a Mexican coastal town. Red feels Andy is being unrealistic, but promises Andy that if he is ever released he will visit a specific hayfield near Buxton, Maine and retrieve a package Andy buried there. Red becomes worried about Andy's state of mind, especially when he learns Andy asked another inmate to supply him with six feet of rope.
The next day at roll call the guards find Andy's cell empty. An irate Warden Norton throws a rock at the poster of Raquel Welch hanging on the wall, and the rock tears through the poster. Removing the poster, the warden discovers a tunnel that Andy dug with his rock hammer over the previous two decades. The previous night, Andy escaped through the tunnel and used the prison's sewage pipe to reach freedom. Andy escapes with Norton's suit, shoes, and the ledger containing details of the money laundering. While guards search for him the following morning, Andy poses as Randall Stephens and visits several banks to withdraw the laundered money. Finally, he mails the ledger and evidence of the corruption and murders at Shawshank to a local newspaper. The police arrive at Shawshank and take Hadley into custody, while Norton commits suicide to avoid arrest.
After serving 40 years, Red is finally paroled. He struggles to adapt to life outside prison and fears he never will. Remembering his promise to Andy, he visits Buxton and finds a cache containing money and a letter asking him to come to Zihuatanejo. Red violates his parole and travels to Fort Hancock, Texas to cross the border to Mexico, admitting he finally feels hope. On a beach in Zihuatanejo he finds Andy, and the two friends are happily reunited.
Cast[edit]
Tim Robbins as Andy Dufresne. Kevin Costner, Tom Hanks and Brad Pitt were all offered the role but turned it down because of scheduling conflicts with Waterworld, Forrest Gump and Interview with the Vampire, respectively.
Morgan Freeman as Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding, Andy's best friend and the film's narrator; convicted of murder in 1927. Before Freeman was cast, Clint Eastwood, Harrison Ford, Paul Newman, and Robert Redford were each considered for the role. Although written as a middle-aged Irishman with greying red hair (as in the novella), Darabont cast Freeman for his authoritative presence and demeanor; he could not see anyone else as Red.[3] The short dialogue with Andy is a jest towards this casting decision, as when asked about the origin of his nickname, Red ironically replies, "Maybe it's because I'm Irish." Freeman once stated in an interview that Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption is his favorite book.[4]
Bob Gunton as Warden Samuel Norton. Although he is well versed in the Bible and presents himself as a pious, devout Christian and reform-minded administrator, his actions reveal him to be corrupt, ruthless, and remorseless.
William Sadler as Heywood, a member of Red's gang of long-serving convicts.
Clancy Brown as Capt. Byron Hadley, chief of the guards. Hadley is a sadistic guard who thinks nothing of delivering beatings to the inmates to keep them in line. When cast for the role, Brown declined the offer to study real-life prison guards as preparation for his role, because he felt that he would end up with too many inspirations to balance.[5]
Gil Bellows as Tommy Williams, a young convict whose experiences in a previous prison hold the truth about Andy's innocence.
Mark Rolston as Bogs Diamond, the head of "The Sisters" gang and a prison rapist.
James Whitmore as Brooks Hatlen, prison librarian/trustee and one of the oldest convicts at Shawshank, having been in prison since 1905. Darabont cast Whitmore because he was one of his favorite character actors.[3]
Jeffrey DeMunn as the prosecuting attorney in Andy Dufresne's trial.
Themes[edit]
Chicago Sun-Times film reviewer Roger Ebert suggested that The Shawshank Redemption is an allegory for maintaining one's feeling of self-worth when placed in a hopeless position. Andy Dufresne's integrity is an important theme in the story line, especially in prison, where integrity is lacking.[6]
Isaac M. Morehouse suggests that the film provides a great illustration of how characters can be free, even in prison, or unfree, even in freedom, based on one's outlook on life.[7]
The famous Shawshank Oak Tree, where Red finds the package left by Andy Dufresne
Production[edit]
Frank Darabont secured the film adaptation rights from author Stephen King after impressing the author with his short film adaptation of The Woman in the Room in 1983. Although the two had become friends and maintained a pen-pal relationship, Darabont did not work with him until four years later in 1987, when he optioned to adapt Shawshank.[8] This is one of the more famous Dollar Deals made by King with aspiring filmmakers. Darabont later directed The Green Mile (1999), which was based on another work about a prison by Stephen King, and then followed that up with an adaptation of King's novella The Mist.
Rob Reiner, who had previously adapted another King novella, The Body, into the film Stand by Me (1986), offered $2.5 million in an attempt to write and direct Shawshank. He planned to cast Tom Cruise in the part of Andy and Harrison Ford as Red. Darabont seriously considered and liked Reiner's vision, but he ultimately decided it was his "chance to do something really great" by directing the film himself.[3]
Ohio State Reformatory, also known as the Mansfield Reformatory, served as the fictional Shawshank Prison
Though the film is set in Maine, the Ohio State Reformatory in Mansfield, Ohio, served as the fictional Shawshank Prison. Though a large portion of the prison was torn down after filming, the main administration building and two cell blocks remained; the site was revisited for filming parts of the film Air Force One.[9] Several of the interior shots of the specialized prison facilities, such as the admittance rooms and the warden's office, were shot in the reformatory.[9] The interior of the boarding room used by Brooks and Red was located in the administration building, though exterior shots were made elsewhere.[9] The prison site is a tourist attraction.[9] Internal scenes in the prison cellblocks were actually filmed on a soundstage built inside the nearby shuttered Westinghouse factory.[9] Downtown scenes were also filmed in Mansfield, as well as neighboring Ashland, Ohio. The oak tree under which Andy buries his letter to Red is located at
40°39′14″N 82°23′31″W, near Malabar Farm State Park, in Lucas, Ohio. The tree was heavily damaged by straight-line winds in a thunderstorm on July 29, 2011; officials were unsure if the tree would survive.[10] However, thanks to rally groups and inspections by forestry organizations, the tree was found to be alive and well and still stands to this day.[11]
Just as a prison in Ohio stood in for a fictional one in Maine, the beach scenes shown in the final minutes of the film that were meant to portray Zihuatanejo, Mexico were actually shot in the Caribbean on the island of St.Croix, one of the U.S. Virgin Islands. The beach at ‘Zihuatanejo’ is Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge, a two-mile crescent of sand just south of Frederiksted on the southwestern tip of the island. The refuge is a hatching ground for leatherback turtles, and open only at limited times (10am to 4pm on Saturdays and Sundays), and not at all during the breeding season.[12]
The beach at Zihuatanejo made famous by the film has recently been closed to the public due to a health warning as a result of high levels of pollution in the water.[13]
The film was dedicated to Allen Greene, an agent and a close personal friend of the film's director, Frank Darabont. Greene died shortly before the film was released due to complications of HIV/AIDS.[14]
Release[edit]
The Shawshank Redemption received a limited release on September 23, 1994 in North America. During its opening weekend, the film earned $727,000 from 33 theaters—an average of $22,040 per theater. It received a wide release on October 14, 1994, expanding to a total of 944 theaters to earn $2.4 million—an average of $2,545 per theater—finishing as the number 9 film of the weekend.[1] The film left theaters in late November 1994, after 10 weeks with an approximate total gross of $16 million.[15]
It was later re-released in February 1995, during the Oscar season, and made an additional $9 million.[15][not in citation given] In total the film made approximately $28.3 million in North American theaters, making it the number 51 highest grossing film of 1994 and the number 21 highest grossing R-rated film of 1994.[1]
After grossing $28 million at the box office in North America and another $30 million overseas, it went on to the video rental market and by the end had made about $80 million in sales, Warner Bros' said. Television licensing fees to date likely have surpassed U.S. box-office receipts, according to a person familiar with the studio's finances. As a general rule, studios pocket about half of box-office revenue (less than that overseas), two-thirds of home entertainment sales, and almost all of TV licensing revenue. Based on those margins, "Shawshank" has brought in more than $100 million.[16]
Critical response[edit]
The Shawshank Redemption garnered widespread critical acclaim from critics and has a "certified fresh" score of 91% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 64 reviews with an average rating of 8.2 out of 10. Moreover, it is currently rated an average of 9.2 out of 10 on IMDB by almost 1.4 million voters making it the highest rated movie on the entire website. The critical consensus states "The Shawshank Redemption is an uplifting, deeply satisfying prison drama with sensitive direction and fine performances."[17] The film also has a score of 80 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 19 critics indicating "generally favorable reviews'.[18] The film has been critically acclaimed for depicting Jean-Paul Sartre's ideas about existentialism more fully than any other contemporary movie.[19]
Entertainment Weekly reviewer Owen Gleiberman praised the choice of scenery, writing that the "moss-dark, saturated images have a redolent sensuality" that makes the film very realistic.[20] While praising Morgan Freeman's acting and oratory skills as making Red appear real, Gleiberman felt that with the "laconic-good-guy, neo-Gary Cooper role, Tim Robbins is unable to make Andy connect with the audience."[20]
Accolades[edit]
The film was nominated for seven Academy Awards in 1994 without winning in any category: Best Picture, Best Actor for Freeman, Best Adapted Screenplay for Frank Darabont, Best Cinematography for Roger Deakins, Best Editing for Richard Francis-Bruce, Best Original Score for Thomas Newman, and Best Sound Mixing for Robert J. Litt, Elliot Tyson, Michael Herbick and Willie D. Burton.[21] It received two Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture for Freeman, and Best Screenplay for Darabont.[22] Robbins and Freeman were both nominated for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role at the inaugural Screen Actors Guild Awards in 1995.[23] Darabont was nominated for a Directors Guild of America award in 1994 for Best Director for a feature film,[24] while cinematographer Roger Deakins won the American Society of Cinematographers award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography.[25]
Home media[edit]
Despite its disappointing box office return, Warner Bros. shipped 320,000 rental video copies throughout the United States, and it became one of the top rented films of 1995. The film's home viewing success was considered to be based on positive recommendations and repeat customers.[26] The film's Academy Award nominations enabled it to fare well in the video sales and cable TV viewings.[citation needed] In June 1997, TNT, an American cable network, showed the film for the first time. The film was the first feature in TNT's Saturday Night New Classics. A 2004 Sunday Times article suggested that TNT aired the film frequently from then on, about once every two months.[2] TV airings of the film accrued record breaking numbers.[26]
Music[edit]
Main article: The Shawshank Redemption (soundtrack)
The score was composed by Thomas Newman and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Score in 1994, which was his first Oscar nomination. Much of the score consists of faint piano music, and pizzicato strings during the more active or humorous moments. The score's two main themes only occur two or three times. The prison theme, first heard in the beginning, is a four note ascending line in the bass, which is developed and reaches its climax when Andy is standing in the river in the rain. The second theme represents freedom, and is first heard when the inmates are sharing beer, feeling like 'free men.' This theme doesn't reoccur until the final credits, this time grander, with fuller orchestration. Like Hans Zimmer's score to the "Thin Red Line", the track is often played in trailers during their most dramatic moments. Zimmer himself has credited the score as the one "that has influenced everything the most" and that Newman opened up the harmonic palette of film scores. A central scene in the film features the "Letter Duet" ("Canzonetta sull'aria") from Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro Act 3 , K. 492, also known in Italian as "Sull'aria...che soave zeffiretto," meaning a duettino, or a short duet. In the duettino, Countess Almaviva (a soprano) dictates to Susanna (also a soprano) the invitation to a tryst addressed to the countess' husband in a plot to expose his infidelity.
Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding (Morgan Freeman) remarks in his voice-over narration: "I have no idea to this day what those two Italian ladies were singing about. [...] I'd like to think they were singing about something so beautiful it can't be expressed in words, and it makes your heart ache because of it." The music highlights the irony in the movie as the opera characters are singing about a duplicitous love letter to expose infidelity.
Legacy[edit]
In 1998, Shawshank was not listed in AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies, but nine years later (2007), it was #72 on the revised list, outranking both Forrest Gump (#76) and Pulp Fiction (#94), the two most critically acclaimed movies from the year of Shawshank's release. In 1999, film critic Roger Ebert listed Shawshank on his "Great Movies" list.[27] It has been #1 on IMDb's user-generated Top 250 since 2008, when it surpassed The Godfather.[28]
Readers of Empire magazine voted the film as the best film of the 1990s, and it placed number 4 on Empire 's list of "The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time" in 2008.[26][29] In March 2011, the film was voted by BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 1Xtra listeners as their favorite film of all time.[30] Additionally, the Writers Guild of America included Frank Darabont's screenplay on its 101 Greatest Screenplays list, at number twenty-two. In an interview the film's supporting actor Morgan Freeman quotes “About everywhere you go, people say, ‘The Shawshank Redemption—greatest movie I ever saw’ ” and that these words “Just comes out of them”. Tim Robbins the lead actor says “I swear to God, all over the world—all over the world—wherever I go, there are people who say, ‘That movie changed my life’ ”.[31]
Year
Award
Nominee
Ranking
Ref.
1998 AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies The Shawshank Redemption N/A [32]
2003 AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains Andy Dufresne (Hero) N/A [33]
Warden Samuel Norton (Villain) N/A [33]
2004 AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs Duettino – Sull'Aria (from The Marriage of Figaro) N/A [34]
2005 AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes "Get busy livin’, or get busy dyin'" N/A [35]
2005 AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores Thomas Newman, The Shawshank Redemption N/A [36]
2006 AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers The Shawshank Redemption #23 [37]
2007 AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) The Shawshank Redemption #72 [38]
2008 Empire's 500 Greatest Movies of All Time The Shawshank Redemption #4 [29]
See also[edit]
List of films considered the best
List of number-one DVDs of 2002 (UK)
List of number-one DVDs of 2006 (UK)
Flag of Maine.svgMaine portal
United States film.svgFilm in the United States portal
Alcatel 9109HA.png1990s portal
Scale of justice 2.svgCriminal justice portal
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Shawshank Redemption (1994)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Gilbey, Ryan (2004-09-26). "Film: Why are we still so captivated?". The Sunday Times (London). Archived from the original on 2010-04-13. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c Audio commentary with director and writer Frank Darabont
4.Jump up ^ Head, Steve (11 May 2005). "10 QUESTIONS: MORGAN FREEMAN". IGN.
5.Jump up ^ Shawshank: The Redeeming Feature DVD Documentary
6.Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (1994-09-23). "Review: The Shawshank Redemption". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on 2010-04-13. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
7.Jump up ^ Morehouse, Isaac M. (2008-10-03). "Stop Worrying about the Election". Mises Daily. Ludwig von Mises Institute. Retrieved 2013-11-24.
8.Jump up ^ Rauzi, Robin (1993-12-01). "Doing 'Redemption' Time in a Former Prison". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2013-03-11.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Cleveland: The Shawshank Redemption prison". A.V. Club. 2011-08-03. Retrieved 2011-08-03.
10.Jump up ^ Whitmire, Lou (July 29, 2011). "'Shawshank' tree ripped by high wind". Mansfield News Journal (Gannett Company). Retrieved August 5, 2011.
11.Jump up ^ Destries, Michael (July 30, 2012). "Good News: The Shawshank Oak Tree is Alive and Well". Ecorazzi.
12.Jump up ^ http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/s/shawshank.html#.VCMQJhaK1TI
13.Jump up ^ Gordon, Sarah (April 9, 2014). "Public health warning closes Mexican beach made famous by Shawshank Redemption". Daily Mail.
14.Jump up ^ The Shawshank Redemption – Did you know?
15.^ Jump up to: a b "The Shawshank Redemption (1994) – Weekend Box Office Results – Box Office Mojo". Retrieved 2011-04-29.
16.Jump up ^ Adams, Russell. "The Shawshank Residuals". wsj.com. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
17.Jump up ^ "The Shawshank Redemption". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved 2010-08-19.
18.Jump up ^ "The Shawshank Redemption". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 2010-08-19.
19.Jump up ^ This claim is made by Alexander Hooke in issue 102 of Philosophy Now, accessible here (link, accessed 3rd June 2014.
20.^ Jump up to: a b Gleiberman, Owen (1994-09-23). "The Shawshank Redemption". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
21.Jump up ^ "The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org.
22.Jump up ^ "THE 52ND ANNUAL GOLDEN GLOBE AWARDS (1995)". Golden Globes. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
23.Jump up ^ "The Inaugural Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild Awards. SAG-AFTRA. 1995. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
24.Jump up ^ Dutka, Elaine (January 24, 1995). "DGA Nods: What's It Mean for the Oscars? : Movies: The surprising nominations of Frank Darabont ("Shawshank Redemption") and Mike Newell ("Four Weddings and a Funeral") may throw a twist into the Academy Awards". Los Angeles Times (Tribune Company). Retrieved October 15, 2012.
25.Jump up ^ "9th Annual ASC Awards – 1994". American Society of Cinematographers Awards (American Society of Cinematographers). 1994. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
26.^ Jump up to: a b c Kermode, Mark (August 22, 2004). "Hope springs eternal". The Guardian. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
27.Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (1999-10-17). "Great Movies: The Shawshank Redemption". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on 2010-04-13. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
28.Jump up ^ Monaco, Paul (May 5, 2010). A History of American Movies: A Film-by-Film Look at the Art, Craft, and Business of Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. 286. ISBN 978-0810874343. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
29.^ Jump up to: a b "The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time". Empire. Bauer Consumer Media. 2008. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
30.Jump up ^ "Radio 1 Movies Blog". BBC. Retrieved 2011-04-29.
31.Jump up ^ Shawshank Redemption anniversary story
32.Jump up ^ "America's Greatest Movies". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
33.^ Jump up to: a b "AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
34.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
35.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
36.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
37.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
38.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies -- 10th Anniversary Edition". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
Further reading[edit]
Mark Kermode (2003). The Shawshank Redemption. London: British Film Institute. ISBN 978-0-85170-968-0.
Oliver, Simon; Watts, Pete. "Shawshank Redemption and The Bible". Bibledex Verses. Brady Haran for the University of Nottingham. A discussion of Bible verses in the movie.
Turner, Cory (August 4, 2011). "On Location: Mansfield, Ohio's 'Shawshank' Industry". All Things Considered. National Public Radio.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Shawshank Redemption
The Shawshank Redemption at the American Film Institute Catalog
The Shawshank Redemption at AllMovie
The Shawshank Redemption at the TCM Movie Database
The Shawshank Redemption at Box Office Mojo
The Shawshank Redemption at the Internet Movie Database
The Shawshank Redemption at Rotten Tomatoes
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shawshank_Redemption
The Shawshank Redemption
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For other uses, see The Shawshank Redemption (disambiguation).
The Shawshank Redemption
ShawshankRedemptionMoviePoster.jpg
Home video release poster
Directed by
Frank Darabont
Produced by
Niki Marvin
Screenplay by
Frank Darabont
Based on
Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption
by Stephen King
Starring
Tim Robbins
Morgan Freeman
Bob Gunton
William Sadler
Clancy Brown
Gil Bellows
James Whitmore
Music by
Thomas Newman
Cinematography
Roger Deakins
Edited by
Richard Francis-Bruce
Production
company
Castle Rock Entertainment
Distributed by
Columbia Pictures
Release dates
September 10, 1994 (Toronto)
September 23, 1994 (United States)
Running time
142 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$25 million[1]
Box office
$28.3 million (North America)[1]
The Shawshank Redemption is a 1994 American drama film written and directed by Frank Darabont and starring Tim Robbins and Morgan Freeman. Adapted from the Stephen King novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption, the film tells the story of Andy Dufresne, a banker who is sentenced to life in Shawshank State Prison for the murder of his wife and her lover despite his claims of innocence. During his time at the prison, he befriends a fellow inmate, Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding, and finds himself protected by the guards after the warden begins using him in his money laundering operation.
Despite being a box office disappointment, the film received multiple award nominations and outstanding reviews from critics for its acting, story, and realism. It has since been successful on cable television, VHS, DVD, and Blu-ray. It was included in the American Film Institute's 100 Years...100 Movies 10th Anniversary Edition.[2]
Contents [hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Themes
4 Production
5 Release 5.1 Critical response
5.2 Accolades
5.3 Home media
6 Music
7 Legacy
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
Plot[edit]
In 1947 Portland, Maine, banker Andy Dufresne is wrongfully convicted of murdering his wife and her lover and sentenced to two consecutive life sentences at the fictional Shawshank State Penitentiary in rural Maine. Andy befriends prison contraband smuggler, Ellis "Red" Redding, an inmate serving a life sentence. Red procures a rock hammer and later a large poster of Rita Hayworth for Andy. Working in the prison laundry, Andy is regularly assaulted by the "bull queer" gang "the Sisters" and their leader, Bogs.
In 1949, Andy overhears the brutal captain of the guards, Byron Hadley, complaining about being taxed on an inheritance and offers to help him legally shelter the money. After a vicious assault by the Sisters nearly kills Andy, Hadley beats Bogs severely. Bogs is sent to another prison and Andy is never attacked again. Warden Samuel Norton meets with Andy and reassigns him to the prison library to assist elderly inmate Brooks Hatlen. Andy's new job is a pretext for him to begin managing financial matters for the prison employees. As time passes, the warden begins using Andy to handle matters for a variety of people including guards from other prisons and the warden himself. Andy begins writing weekly letters to the state government for funds to improve the decaying library.
In 1954, Brooks is paroled, but cannot adjust to the outside world after fifty years in prison and hangs himself. Andy receives a library donation that includes a recording of The Marriage of Figaro. He plays an excerpt over the public address system, resulting in his receiving solitary confinement. After his release from solitary Andy explains that hope is what gets him through his time, a concept that Red dismisses. In 1963, Norton begins exploiting prison labor for public works, profiting by undercutting skilled labor costs and receiving kickbacks. He has Andy launder the money using the alias Randall Stephens.
In 1965, Tommy Williams is incarcerated for burglary. He joins Andy's and Red's circle of friends, and Andy helps him pass his G.E.D. exam. In 1966, Tommy reveals to Red and Andy that an inmate at another prison claimed responsibility for the murders Andy was convicted of, implying Andy's innocence. Andy approaches Warden Norton with this information, but the warden refuses to listen and sends Andy back to solitary when he mentions the money laundering. Norton then has Captain Hadley murder Tommy under the guise of an escape attempt. Andy refuses to continue the money laundering, but relents after Norton threatens to burn the library, remove Andy's protection from the guards, and move him out of his cell into worse conditions. Andy is released from solitary confinement after two months and tells Red of his dream of living in Zihuatanejo, a Mexican coastal town. Red feels Andy is being unrealistic, but promises Andy that if he is ever released he will visit a specific hayfield near Buxton, Maine and retrieve a package Andy buried there. Red becomes worried about Andy's state of mind, especially when he learns Andy asked another inmate to supply him with six feet of rope.
The next day at roll call the guards find Andy's cell empty. An irate Warden Norton throws a rock at the poster of Raquel Welch hanging on the wall, and the rock tears through the poster. Removing the poster, the warden discovers a tunnel that Andy dug with his rock hammer over the previous two decades. The previous night, Andy escaped through the tunnel and used the prison's sewage pipe to reach freedom. Andy escapes with Norton's suit, shoes, and the ledger containing details of the money laundering. While guards search for him the following morning, Andy poses as Randall Stephens and visits several banks to withdraw the laundered money. Finally, he mails the ledger and evidence of the corruption and murders at Shawshank to a local newspaper. The police arrive at Shawshank and take Hadley into custody, while Norton commits suicide to avoid arrest.
After serving 40 years, Red is finally paroled. He struggles to adapt to life outside prison and fears he never will. Remembering his promise to Andy, he visits Buxton and finds a cache containing money and a letter asking him to come to Zihuatanejo. Red violates his parole and travels to Fort Hancock, Texas to cross the border to Mexico, admitting he finally feels hope. On a beach in Zihuatanejo he finds Andy, and the two friends are happily reunited.
Cast[edit]
Tim Robbins as Andy Dufresne. Kevin Costner, Tom Hanks and Brad Pitt were all offered the role but turned it down because of scheduling conflicts with Waterworld, Forrest Gump and Interview with the Vampire, respectively.
Morgan Freeman as Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding, Andy's best friend and the film's narrator; convicted of murder in 1927. Before Freeman was cast, Clint Eastwood, Harrison Ford, Paul Newman, and Robert Redford were each considered for the role. Although written as a middle-aged Irishman with greying red hair (as in the novella), Darabont cast Freeman for his authoritative presence and demeanor; he could not see anyone else as Red.[3] The short dialogue with Andy is a jest towards this casting decision, as when asked about the origin of his nickname, Red ironically replies, "Maybe it's because I'm Irish." Freeman once stated in an interview that Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption is his favorite book.[4]
Bob Gunton as Warden Samuel Norton. Although he is well versed in the Bible and presents himself as a pious, devout Christian and reform-minded administrator, his actions reveal him to be corrupt, ruthless, and remorseless.
William Sadler as Heywood, a member of Red's gang of long-serving convicts.
Clancy Brown as Capt. Byron Hadley, chief of the guards. Hadley is a sadistic guard who thinks nothing of delivering beatings to the inmates to keep them in line. When cast for the role, Brown declined the offer to study real-life prison guards as preparation for his role, because he felt that he would end up with too many inspirations to balance.[5]
Gil Bellows as Tommy Williams, a young convict whose experiences in a previous prison hold the truth about Andy's innocence.
Mark Rolston as Bogs Diamond, the head of "The Sisters" gang and a prison rapist.
James Whitmore as Brooks Hatlen, prison librarian/trustee and one of the oldest convicts at Shawshank, having been in prison since 1905. Darabont cast Whitmore because he was one of his favorite character actors.[3]
Jeffrey DeMunn as the prosecuting attorney in Andy Dufresne's trial.
Themes[edit]
Chicago Sun-Times film reviewer Roger Ebert suggested that The Shawshank Redemption is an allegory for maintaining one's feeling of self-worth when placed in a hopeless position. Andy Dufresne's integrity is an important theme in the story line, especially in prison, where integrity is lacking.[6]
Isaac M. Morehouse suggests that the film provides a great illustration of how characters can be free, even in prison, or unfree, even in freedom, based on one's outlook on life.[7]
The famous Shawshank Oak Tree, where Red finds the package left by Andy Dufresne
Production[edit]
Frank Darabont secured the film adaptation rights from author Stephen King after impressing the author with his short film adaptation of The Woman in the Room in 1983. Although the two had become friends and maintained a pen-pal relationship, Darabont did not work with him until four years later in 1987, when he optioned to adapt Shawshank.[8] This is one of the more famous Dollar Deals made by King with aspiring filmmakers. Darabont later directed The Green Mile (1999), which was based on another work about a prison by Stephen King, and then followed that up with an adaptation of King's novella The Mist.
Rob Reiner, who had previously adapted another King novella, The Body, into the film Stand by Me (1986), offered $2.5 million in an attempt to write and direct Shawshank. He planned to cast Tom Cruise in the part of Andy and Harrison Ford as Red. Darabont seriously considered and liked Reiner's vision, but he ultimately decided it was his "chance to do something really great" by directing the film himself.[3]
Ohio State Reformatory, also known as the Mansfield Reformatory, served as the fictional Shawshank Prison
Though the film is set in Maine, the Ohio State Reformatory in Mansfield, Ohio, served as the fictional Shawshank Prison. Though a large portion of the prison was torn down after filming, the main administration building and two cell blocks remained; the site was revisited for filming parts of the film Air Force One.[9] Several of the interior shots of the specialized prison facilities, such as the admittance rooms and the warden's office, were shot in the reformatory.[9] The interior of the boarding room used by Brooks and Red was located in the administration building, though exterior shots were made elsewhere.[9] The prison site is a tourist attraction.[9] Internal scenes in the prison cellblocks were actually filmed on a soundstage built inside the nearby shuttered Westinghouse factory.[9] Downtown scenes were also filmed in Mansfield, as well as neighboring Ashland, Ohio. The oak tree under which Andy buries his letter to Red is located at
40°39′14″N 82°23′31″W, near Malabar Farm State Park, in Lucas, Ohio. The tree was heavily damaged by straight-line winds in a thunderstorm on July 29, 2011; officials were unsure if the tree would survive.[10] However, thanks to rally groups and inspections by forestry organizations, the tree was found to be alive and well and still stands to this day.[11]
Just as a prison in Ohio stood in for a fictional one in Maine, the beach scenes shown in the final minutes of the film that were meant to portray Zihuatanejo, Mexico were actually shot in the Caribbean on the island of St.Croix, one of the U.S. Virgin Islands. The beach at ‘Zihuatanejo’ is Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge, a two-mile crescent of sand just south of Frederiksted on the southwestern tip of the island. The refuge is a hatching ground for leatherback turtles, and open only at limited times (10am to 4pm on Saturdays and Sundays), and not at all during the breeding season.[12]
The beach at Zihuatanejo made famous by the film has recently been closed to the public due to a health warning as a result of high levels of pollution in the water.[13]
The film was dedicated to Allen Greene, an agent and a close personal friend of the film's director, Frank Darabont. Greene died shortly before the film was released due to complications of HIV/AIDS.[14]
Release[edit]
The Shawshank Redemption received a limited release on September 23, 1994 in North America. During its opening weekend, the film earned $727,000 from 33 theaters—an average of $22,040 per theater. It received a wide release on October 14, 1994, expanding to a total of 944 theaters to earn $2.4 million—an average of $2,545 per theater—finishing as the number 9 film of the weekend.[1] The film left theaters in late November 1994, after 10 weeks with an approximate total gross of $16 million.[15]
It was later re-released in February 1995, during the Oscar season, and made an additional $9 million.[15][not in citation given] In total the film made approximately $28.3 million in North American theaters, making it the number 51 highest grossing film of 1994 and the number 21 highest grossing R-rated film of 1994.[1]
After grossing $28 million at the box office in North America and another $30 million overseas, it went on to the video rental market and by the end had made about $80 million in sales, Warner Bros' said. Television licensing fees to date likely have surpassed U.S. box-office receipts, according to a person familiar with the studio's finances. As a general rule, studios pocket about half of box-office revenue (less than that overseas), two-thirds of home entertainment sales, and almost all of TV licensing revenue. Based on those margins, "Shawshank" has brought in more than $100 million.[16]
Critical response[edit]
The Shawshank Redemption garnered widespread critical acclaim from critics and has a "certified fresh" score of 91% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 64 reviews with an average rating of 8.2 out of 10. Moreover, it is currently rated an average of 9.2 out of 10 on IMDB by almost 1.4 million voters making it the highest rated movie on the entire website. The critical consensus states "The Shawshank Redemption is an uplifting, deeply satisfying prison drama with sensitive direction and fine performances."[17] The film also has a score of 80 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 19 critics indicating "generally favorable reviews'.[18] The film has been critically acclaimed for depicting Jean-Paul Sartre's ideas about existentialism more fully than any other contemporary movie.[19]
Entertainment Weekly reviewer Owen Gleiberman praised the choice of scenery, writing that the "moss-dark, saturated images have a redolent sensuality" that makes the film very realistic.[20] While praising Morgan Freeman's acting and oratory skills as making Red appear real, Gleiberman felt that with the "laconic-good-guy, neo-Gary Cooper role, Tim Robbins is unable to make Andy connect with the audience."[20]
Accolades[edit]
The film was nominated for seven Academy Awards in 1994 without winning in any category: Best Picture, Best Actor for Freeman, Best Adapted Screenplay for Frank Darabont, Best Cinematography for Roger Deakins, Best Editing for Richard Francis-Bruce, Best Original Score for Thomas Newman, and Best Sound Mixing for Robert J. Litt, Elliot Tyson, Michael Herbick and Willie D. Burton.[21] It received two Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture for Freeman, and Best Screenplay for Darabont.[22] Robbins and Freeman were both nominated for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role at the inaugural Screen Actors Guild Awards in 1995.[23] Darabont was nominated for a Directors Guild of America award in 1994 for Best Director for a feature film,[24] while cinematographer Roger Deakins won the American Society of Cinematographers award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography.[25]
Home media[edit]
Despite its disappointing box office return, Warner Bros. shipped 320,000 rental video copies throughout the United States, and it became one of the top rented films of 1995. The film's home viewing success was considered to be based on positive recommendations and repeat customers.[26] The film's Academy Award nominations enabled it to fare well in the video sales and cable TV viewings.[citation needed] In June 1997, TNT, an American cable network, showed the film for the first time. The film was the first feature in TNT's Saturday Night New Classics. A 2004 Sunday Times article suggested that TNT aired the film frequently from then on, about once every two months.[2] TV airings of the film accrued record breaking numbers.[26]
Music[edit]
Main article: The Shawshank Redemption (soundtrack)
The score was composed by Thomas Newman and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Score in 1994, which was his first Oscar nomination. Much of the score consists of faint piano music, and pizzicato strings during the more active or humorous moments. The score's two main themes only occur two or three times. The prison theme, first heard in the beginning, is a four note ascending line in the bass, which is developed and reaches its climax when Andy is standing in the river in the rain. The second theme represents freedom, and is first heard when the inmates are sharing beer, feeling like 'free men.' This theme doesn't reoccur until the final credits, this time grander, with fuller orchestration. Like Hans Zimmer's score to the "Thin Red Line", the track is often played in trailers during their most dramatic moments. Zimmer himself has credited the score as the one "that has influenced everything the most" and that Newman opened up the harmonic palette of film scores. A central scene in the film features the "Letter Duet" ("Canzonetta sull'aria") from Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro Act 3 , K. 492, also known in Italian as "Sull'aria...che soave zeffiretto," meaning a duettino, or a short duet. In the duettino, Countess Almaviva (a soprano) dictates to Susanna (also a soprano) the invitation to a tryst addressed to the countess' husband in a plot to expose his infidelity.
Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding (Morgan Freeman) remarks in his voice-over narration: "I have no idea to this day what those two Italian ladies were singing about. [...] I'd like to think they were singing about something so beautiful it can't be expressed in words, and it makes your heart ache because of it." The music highlights the irony in the movie as the opera characters are singing about a duplicitous love letter to expose infidelity.
Legacy[edit]
In 1998, Shawshank was not listed in AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies, but nine years later (2007), it was #72 on the revised list, outranking both Forrest Gump (#76) and Pulp Fiction (#94), the two most critically acclaimed movies from the year of Shawshank's release. In 1999, film critic Roger Ebert listed Shawshank on his "Great Movies" list.[27] It has been #1 on IMDb's user-generated Top 250 since 2008, when it surpassed The Godfather.[28]
Readers of Empire magazine voted the film as the best film of the 1990s, and it placed number 4 on Empire 's list of "The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time" in 2008.[26][29] In March 2011, the film was voted by BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 1Xtra listeners as their favorite film of all time.[30] Additionally, the Writers Guild of America included Frank Darabont's screenplay on its 101 Greatest Screenplays list, at number twenty-two. In an interview the film's supporting actor Morgan Freeman quotes “About everywhere you go, people say, ‘The Shawshank Redemption—greatest movie I ever saw’ ” and that these words “Just comes out of them”. Tim Robbins the lead actor says “I swear to God, all over the world—all over the world—wherever I go, there are people who say, ‘That movie changed my life’ ”.[31]
Year
Award
Nominee
Ranking
Ref.
1998 AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies The Shawshank Redemption N/A [32]
2003 AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains Andy Dufresne (Hero) N/A [33]
Warden Samuel Norton (Villain) N/A [33]
2004 AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs Duettino – Sull'Aria (from The Marriage of Figaro) N/A [34]
2005 AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes "Get busy livin’, or get busy dyin'" N/A [35]
2005 AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores Thomas Newman, The Shawshank Redemption N/A [36]
2006 AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers The Shawshank Redemption #23 [37]
2007 AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) The Shawshank Redemption #72 [38]
2008 Empire's 500 Greatest Movies of All Time The Shawshank Redemption #4 [29]
See also[edit]
List of films considered the best
List of number-one DVDs of 2002 (UK)
List of number-one DVDs of 2006 (UK)
Flag of Maine.svgMaine portal
United States film.svgFilm in the United States portal
Alcatel 9109HA.png1990s portal
Scale of justice 2.svgCriminal justice portal
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Shawshank Redemption (1994)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Gilbey, Ryan (2004-09-26). "Film: Why are we still so captivated?". The Sunday Times (London). Archived from the original on 2010-04-13. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
3.^ Jump up to: a b c Audio commentary with director and writer Frank Darabont
4.Jump up ^ Head, Steve (11 May 2005). "10 QUESTIONS: MORGAN FREEMAN". IGN.
5.Jump up ^ Shawshank: The Redeeming Feature DVD Documentary
6.Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (1994-09-23). "Review: The Shawshank Redemption". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on 2010-04-13. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
7.Jump up ^ Morehouse, Isaac M. (2008-10-03). "Stop Worrying about the Election". Mises Daily. Ludwig von Mises Institute. Retrieved 2013-11-24.
8.Jump up ^ Rauzi, Robin (1993-12-01). "Doing 'Redemption' Time in a Former Prison". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2013-03-11.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Cleveland: The Shawshank Redemption prison". A.V. Club. 2011-08-03. Retrieved 2011-08-03.
10.Jump up ^ Whitmire, Lou (July 29, 2011). "'Shawshank' tree ripped by high wind". Mansfield News Journal (Gannett Company). Retrieved August 5, 2011.
11.Jump up ^ Destries, Michael (July 30, 2012). "Good News: The Shawshank Oak Tree is Alive and Well". Ecorazzi.
12.Jump up ^ http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/s/shawshank.html#.VCMQJhaK1TI
13.Jump up ^ Gordon, Sarah (April 9, 2014). "Public health warning closes Mexican beach made famous by Shawshank Redemption". Daily Mail.
14.Jump up ^ The Shawshank Redemption – Did you know?
15.^ Jump up to: a b "The Shawshank Redemption (1994) – Weekend Box Office Results – Box Office Mojo". Retrieved 2011-04-29.
16.Jump up ^ Adams, Russell. "The Shawshank Residuals". wsj.com. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
17.Jump up ^ "The Shawshank Redemption". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved 2010-08-19.
18.Jump up ^ "The Shawshank Redemption". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 2010-08-19.
19.Jump up ^ This claim is made by Alexander Hooke in issue 102 of Philosophy Now, accessible here (link, accessed 3rd June 2014.
20.^ Jump up to: a b Gleiberman, Owen (1994-09-23). "The Shawshank Redemption". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
21.Jump up ^ "The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org.
22.Jump up ^ "THE 52ND ANNUAL GOLDEN GLOBE AWARDS (1995)". Golden Globes. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
23.Jump up ^ "The Inaugural Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild Awards. SAG-AFTRA. 1995. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
24.Jump up ^ Dutka, Elaine (January 24, 1995). "DGA Nods: What's It Mean for the Oscars? : Movies: The surprising nominations of Frank Darabont ("Shawshank Redemption") and Mike Newell ("Four Weddings and a Funeral") may throw a twist into the Academy Awards". Los Angeles Times (Tribune Company). Retrieved October 15, 2012.
25.Jump up ^ "9th Annual ASC Awards – 1994". American Society of Cinematographers Awards (American Society of Cinematographers). 1994. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
26.^ Jump up to: a b c Kermode, Mark (August 22, 2004). "Hope springs eternal". The Guardian. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
27.Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (1999-10-17). "Great Movies: The Shawshank Redemption". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on 2010-04-13. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
28.Jump up ^ Monaco, Paul (May 5, 2010). A History of American Movies: A Film-by-Film Look at the Art, Craft, and Business of Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. 286. ISBN 978-0810874343. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
29.^ Jump up to: a b "The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time". Empire. Bauer Consumer Media. 2008. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
30.Jump up ^ "Radio 1 Movies Blog". BBC. Retrieved 2011-04-29.
31.Jump up ^ Shawshank Redemption anniversary story
32.Jump up ^ "America's Greatest Movies". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
33.^ Jump up to: a b "AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
34.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
35.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
36.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
37.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
38.Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies -- 10th Anniversary Edition". AFI. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
Further reading[edit]
Mark Kermode (2003). The Shawshank Redemption. London: British Film Institute. ISBN 978-0-85170-968-0.
Oliver, Simon; Watts, Pete. "Shawshank Redemption and The Bible". Bibledex Verses. Brady Haran for the University of Nottingham. A discussion of Bible verses in the movie.
Turner, Cory (August 4, 2011). "On Location: Mansfield, Ohio's 'Shawshank' Industry". All Things Considered. National Public Radio.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Shawshank Redemption
The Shawshank Redemption at the American Film Institute Catalog
The Shawshank Redemption at AllMovie
The Shawshank Redemption at the TCM Movie Database
The Shawshank Redemption at Box Office Mojo
The Shawshank Redemption at the Internet Movie Database
The Shawshank Redemption at Rotten Tomatoes
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