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The X-Files

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This article is about the television series. For other uses, see The X-Files (disambiguation).

The X-Files
Thexfiles.jpg
Genre
Science fiction[1]
Horror[1]
Drama[2]
Mystery[3]
Thriller[4]
Created by
Chris Carter
Starring
David Duchovny
Gillian Anderson
Robert Patrick
Annabeth Gish
Mitch Pileggi
Composer(s)
Mark Snow
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
9
No. of episodes
202 (List of episodes)
Production

Executive producer(s)
Chris Carter
R. W. Goodwin
Howard Gordon
Frank Spotnitz
Vince Gilligan
John Shiban
Kim Manners
Glen Morgan
James Wong
Michelle MacLaren
Michael W. Watkins
David Greenwalt
Location(s)
Vancouver (seasons 1–5)
Los Angeles (seasons 6–9)
Running time
44 minutes
Production company(s)
Ten Thirteen Productions
20th Century Fox Television
Distributor
20th Television
Broadcast

Original channel
Fox
Picture format
4:3 (original broadcast)
16:9 (DVD seasons 5–9)
Audio format
Dolby Surround 2.0
Original run
September 10, 1993 – May 19, 2002
Chronology

Followed by
The X-Files: I Want to Believe
Related shows
The Lone Gunmen
Millennium
The X-Files is an American science fiction horror drama television series. It is part of The X-Files franchise, created by Chris Carter. The program originally aired from September 10, 1993 to May 19, 2002, spanning nine seasons and 202 episodes. The series recounted the exploits of FBI Special Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) who investigate X-Files: marginalized, unsolved cases involving paranormal phenomena. Mulder believes in the existence of aliens and the paranormal while Scully, a skeptic, is assigned to make scientific analyses of Mulder's discoveries that debunk Mulder's work and thus return him to mainstream cases. Early in the series, both agents become pawns in a larger conflict and come to trust only each other. They develop a close relationship, which begins as a platonic friendship, but becomes a romance by series end. In addition to the series-spanning story arc, "Monster-of-the-Week" episodes formed roughly two-thirds of the episodes. In such stand-alone episodes, Mulder and Scully investigated strange crimes that had no effect on the show's mythology, though the episodes enriched the show's background.
The X-Files was inspired by shows like Alfred Hitchcock Presents, The Twilight Zone, Night Gallery, Tales from the Darkside and especially Kolchak: The Night Stalker and The Invaders. When creating the main characters, Carter sought to reverse the usual gender stereotypes and made Mulder a believer and Scully a skeptic. For the first seven seasons, the show featured Duchovny and Anderson equally. In the last two seasons Anderson became the star, while Duchovny appeared intermittently, following a lawsuit. New main characters were introduced: FBI agents John Doggett (Robert Patrick) and Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish). Mulder and Scully's boss, Assistant Director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi), also became a main character. The first five seasons of The X-Files were filmed and produced in Vancouver, British Columbia, but the series eventually moved to Los Angeles, California to accommodate Duchovny.
The X-Files was a hit for the Fox network; initially it was considered a cult show, but eventually gained mainstream popularity. By the time it ended, the show had become the longest-running science fiction series in U.S. television history. The series spawned a spin-off show, and two feature films. The series received largely positive reviews from television critics, although its long-term story arc was criticized near the show's conclusion. The series won multiple Emmy and Golden Globe Awards, and Duchovny and Anderson received multiple award nominations with several wins. It became a popular culture touchstone, tapping into public mistrust of governments and large institutions and embracing conspiracy theories and spirituality.


Contents
  [hide] 1 Series overview 1.1 General
1.2 Mythology
2 Cast and characters
3 Production 3.1 Conception
3.2 Casting
3.3 Filming
3.4 Music
3.5 Opening sequence
4 Broadcast and release 4.1 Episodes
4.2 Nielsen ratings
4.3 The X-Files feature film
4.4 The X-Files: I Want to Believe
4.5 Possible third film
4.6 Home video release
5 Spin-offs 5.1 The Lone Gunmen
5.2 Comic books
6 Impact 6.1 Critical reception

6.2 Accolades
6.3 Fandom
6.4 Merchandise
6.5 Legacy
7 Notes
8 References 8.1 Notes
8.2 Bibliography
9 External links
Series overview[edit]
General[edit]
The X-Files follows the careers and personal lives of FBI Special Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson). Mulder is a talented profiler and a firm believer in the supernatural. He is also adamant about the existence of intelligent extraterrestrial life and its presence on Earth. This set of beliefs earns him the nickname "Spooky" and an assignment to a little-known department that deals with unsolved cases, known as the X-Files. His belief in the paranormal springs from the claimed abduction of his sister Samantha Mulder by extraterrestrials when Mulder was 12. Her abduction drives Mulder throughout most of the series. Because of this, as well as more nebulous desires for vindication and the revelation of truths kept hidden by human authorities, Mulder struggles to maintain objectivity in his investigations. Agent Scully is a foil for Mulder in this regard. As a medical doctor and natural skeptic, Scully approaches cases with complete detachment even when Mulder, despite his considerable training, loses his objectivity.[5] Her initial task is to debunk Mulder's theories, supplying logical, scientific explanations for the cases' apparently unexplainable phenomena. Although she is frequently able to offer scientific alternatives to Mulder's deductions, she is rarely able to refute them completely. Over the course of the series, she becomes increasingly dissatisfied with her own ability to approach the cases scientifically.[6]
Various episodes also deal with the relationship between Mulder and Scully, originally platonic, but that later develops romantically.[7] Mulder and Scully are joined by John Doggett (Robert Patrick) and Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish) late in the series, after Mulder is abducted. Doggett replaces him as Scully's partner and helps her search for him, later involving Reyes, of whom Doggett had professional knowledge.[8][9] The X-Files ends when Mulder is secretly subjected to a military tribunal for breaking into a top-secret military facility and viewing plans for alien invasion and colonization of Earth. He is found guilty, but he escapes punishment with the help of the other agents and he and Scully become fugitives.[10]
Mythology[edit]
Main articles: List of The X-Files episodes, Mythology of The X-Files, X-File, Syndicate (The X-Files), and Colonist (The X-Files)
As the show progressed, key episodes, called parts of the "Mytharc", were recognized as the "mythology" of the series canon; these episodes carried the extraterrestrial/conspiracy storyline that evolved throughout the series. "Monster-of-the-Week"—often abbreviated as "MOTW" or "MoW"—came to denote the remainder of The X-Files episodes. These episodes, comprising the majority of the series, dealt with paranormal phenomena, including cryptids and mutants; science fiction technologies; horror monsters; and satiric/comedic elements.[11] The main story arc involves the agents' efforts to uncover a government conspiracy to hide the existence of extraterrestrials on earth and their sinister collaboration with those governments. Mysterious men comprising a shadow element within the U.S. government, known as "The Syndicate", are the major villains in the series; late in the series it is revealed that The Syndicate acts as the only liaison between mankind and a group of extraterrestrials that intends to destroy the human species. They are usually represented by The Smoking Man (William B. Davis), a ruthless killer and a masterful politician and negotiator and the series' principal antagonist.[12]
As the series goes along, Mulder and Scully learn about evidence of the alien invasion piece by piece. It is revealed that the extraterrestrials plan on using a sentient virus, known as the black oil, to infect mankind and turn the population of the world into a slave race. The Syndicate—having made a deal to be spared by the aliens—have been working to develop an alien-human hybrid that will be able to withstand the effects of the black oil. The group has also been secretly working on a vaccine to overcome the black oil; this vaccine is later revealed in the latter parts of season five, as well as the 1998 film. Counter to the alien colonization effort, another faction of aliens, the faceless rebels, are working to stop alien colonization. Eventually, in the season six episodes "Two Fathers"/"One Son", the rebels manage to destroy the Syndicate. The colonists, now without human liaisons, dispatch the "Super Soldiers": beings that resemble humans, but are biologically alien. In the latter parts of season eight, and the whole of season nine, the Super Soldiers manage to replace key individuals in the government, forcing Mulder and Scully to go into hiding.[12]
Cast and characters[edit]
Main article: List of The X-Files characters
Fox Mulder (seasons 1–7, main; season 8–9, intermittent lead[nb 1])  is portrayed by David Duchovny. Mulder is an FBI special agent who believes in the existence of extraterrestrials and a government conspiracy to hide the truth regarding them. He works in the X-Files office, which is concerned with cases marked as unsolvable; most involve supernatural/mysterious circumstances. Mulder considers the X-Files so important that he has made their study his life's main purpose.[13] After his abduction by aliens at the end of season seven, his role in the show diminished and much of his work is taken on by Agent John Doggett.[14] He appeared in an episode of The Lone Gunmen and both the 1998 film The X-Files and the 2008 film The X-Files: I Want to Believe.[15][16][17]
Dana Scully (seasons 1–9, main)  is portrayed by Gillian Anderson. Scully is an FBI special agent, medical doctor and scientist who is Mulder's partner. In contrast to his credulity, Scully is a skeptic, basing her beliefs on scientific explanations.[18] As the series progresses, she becomes more open to the possibility of paranormal happenings.[19] In the latter part of the eighth season, her position in the X-Files office is taken by Agent Monica Reyes, and Scully moves to Quantico to teach new FBI agents.[20] She appeared in both The X-Files feature films.[16][17] Anderson met her future husband, Clyde Klotz, the series' assistant art director, on the set. Anderson and Klotz had a daughter, Piper, during the period.[21]
Walter Skinner (seasons 1–8, recurring; season 9, main)  is portrayed by Mitch Pileggi. Skinner is an FBI assistant director who served in the United States Marine Corps in the Vietnam War. During this time he shot and killed a young boy carrying explosives, an incident which scarred him for life.[22] Skinner is originally Mulder and Scully's direct supervisor.[23] He later serves the same position for Doggett and Reyes.[24] Although he is originally portrayed as somewhat malevolent, he eventually becomes a close friend of Mulder and Scully.[24][25] He appeared in an episode of The Lone Gunmen and both The X-Files feature films.[17][26]
John Doggett (seasons 8–9, main)  is portrayed by Robert Patrick. Doggett is an FBI special agent who makes his first appearance in the season eight episode "Within". Doggett served in the United States Marine Corps from the 1970s to the 1980s. Later, he started to work with the New York Police Department, reaching the rank of detective.[24] After his son's death, he joined the FBI's Criminal Investigations Division.[27] In 2000, Alvin Kersh assigned him to the X-Files office as Scully's partner after an unsuccessful task force attempt to find Mulder.[24] He did not appear in The X-Files feature films.
Monica Reyes (season 8, recurring; season 9, main)  is portrayed by Annabeth Gish. Reyes is an FBI special agent who was born and raised in Mexico City.[28] She majored in folklore and mythology at Brown University and earned a master's degree in religious studies. Her first FBI assignment was serving on a special task force investigating satanic rituals.[29] She is a longtime friend of Doggett's and becomes his partner after Scully's departure.[20][29] Reyes was last seen in the New Mexico desert in 2002, where she warns Mulder and Scully of the arrival of Knowle Rohrer.[10] She did not appear in The X-Files feature films.
The Smoking Man (seasons 1–7, 9, recurring)  is portrayed by William B. Davis. The Smoking Man is the series' primary villain. In the seventh season episode "Requiem", The Smoking Man is believed to be killed after being pushed down a flight of stairs by Alex Krycek until the series finale "The Truth", where Mulder and Scully travel through remote New Mexico and reach a pueblo where a "wise man" reputedly lives and is revealed to be the Smoking Man.[10][25] The Smoking Man is later killed by a rocket shot from a helicopter.[10] He appears in the 1998 feature film.[16]
Production[edit]
Conception[edit]
See also: The X-Files (season 1) and Pilot (The X-Files)


"Mulder and Scully came right out of my head. A dichotomy. They are the equal parts of my desire to believe in something and my inability to believe in something. My skepticism and my faith. And the writing of the characters came very easily to me. I want, like a lot of people do, to have the experience of witnessing a paranormal phenomenon. At the same time I want not to accept it, but to question it. I think those characters and those voices came out of that duality."
—Chris Carter on creating the characters of Mulder and Scully.[30]

 

 Chris Carter created The X-Files and wrote the series pilot, along with several other episodes.
California native Chris Carter was given the opportunity to produce new shows for the Fox network in the early 1990s. Tired of the comedies he had been working on for Walt Disney Pictures,[31] a report that 3.7 million Americans may have been abducted by aliens, the Watergate scandal and the 1970s horror series Kolchak: The Night Stalker, triggered the idea for The X-Files. He wrote the pilot episode in 1992.[32]
Carter's initial pitch for The X-Files was rejected by Fox executives. He fleshed out the concept and returned a few weeks later, when they commissioned the pilot. Carter worked with NYPD Blue producer Daniel Sackheim to further develop the pilot, drawing stylistic inspiration from the 1988 documentary The Thin Blue Line and the English television series Prime Suspect.[33] Inspiration also came from Carter's memories of The Twilight Zone as well as from the The Silence of the Lambs, which provided the impetus for framing the series around agents from the FBI, in order to provide the characters with a more plausible reason for being involved in each case than Carter believed was present in Kolchak.[34] Carter was determined to keep the relationship between the two leads strictly platonic, basing their interactions on the characters of Emma Peel and John Steed in the The Avengers series.[35][36]
The early 1990s cult hit Twin Peaks was a major influence on the show's dark atmosphere and its often surreal blend of drama and irony. Duchovny had appeared as a cross-dressing DEA agent in Twin Peaks and the Mulder character was seen as a parallel to that show's FBI Agent Dale Cooper.[37] The producers and writers cited All the President's Men, Three Days of the Condor, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Rashomon, The Thing, The Boys from Brazil, The Silence of the Lambs and JFK as other influences.[38] Carter's use of continuous takes in "Triangle" was modeled on Hitchcock's Rope.[39] In addition, episodes written by Darin Morgan often referred to other films.[40]
Casting[edit]

  
Duchovny portrayed Fox Mulder as a main character for the first seven seasons of the series and as an intermittent lead in the last two.
 
Anderson portrayed Dana Scully for the entire nine seasons of the series; she also made The X-Files history in 2000 by becoming the first female writer and director of an episode.[41]
 
Duchovny had worked in Los Angeles for three years prior to The X-Files; at first he wanted to focus on feature films. In 1993, his manager, Melanie Green, gave him the script for the "pilot episode" of The X-Files. Green and Duchovny were both convinced it was a good script, so he auditioned for the lead.[42] Duchovny's audition was "terrific", though he talked rather slowly and while the casting director of the show was very positive toward Duchovny, Carter thought that he was not particularly intelligent. This inspired him to ask Duchovny if he could "please" imagine himself as an FBI agent in "future" episodes. Duchovny, however, turned out to be one of the best-read people that Carter knew.[43]
Anderson auditioned for the role of Scully in 1993. "I couldn’t put the script down," she recalled.[41] The network wanted either a more established or a "taller, leggier, blonder and breastier" actress for Scully than the 24-year-old Anderson, a theater veteran with minor film experience. After auditions Carter felt she was the only choice.[44][45][46] Carter insisted that Anderson had the kind of no-nonsense integrity that the role required. Anderson rewarded his insight by winning numerous awards: the Screen Actors Guild Award in 1996 and 1997, an Emmy Award in 1997, and a Golden Globe Award 1997.[41]
The character Walter Skinner was played by actor Mitch Pileggi, who had unsuccessfully auditioned for the roles of two or three other characters on The X-Files before getting the part. At first, the fact that he was asked back to audition for the recurring role slightly puzzled him, until he discovered the reason he had not previously been cast in those roles—Carter had been unable to envision Pileggi as any of those characters, because the actor had been shaving his head. When the actor auditioned for Walter Skinner, he had been in a grumpy mood and had allowed his small amount of hair to grow. Pileggi's attitude fit well with Walter Skinner's character, causing Carter to assume that the actor was only pretending to be grumpy. Pileggi later realized he had been lucky that he had not been cast in one of the earlier roles, as he believed he would have appeared in only a single episode and would have missed the opportunity to play the recurring role.[47]
Before the seventh season aired, David Duchovny filed a lawsuit against 20th Century Fox. Duchovny was upset because, he claimed, that Fox had undersold the rights to its own affiliates, thereby costing him huge sums of money. Eventually, the lawsuit was settled, and Duchovny was awarded a settlement of about $20 million. The lawsuit put strain on Duchovny's professional relationships. Neither Carter nor Duchovny were contracted to work on the series beyond the seventh season, however, Fox entered into negotiations near the end of season in order to bring the two on board for an eighth season.[48] After settling his contract dispute, Duchovny quit full-time participation in the show after the seventh season.[49] This contributed to uncertainties over the likelihood of an eighth season.[50] Carter and most fans felt the show was at its natural endpoint with Duchovny's departure, but it was decided Mulder would be abducted at the end of the seventh season, and would return in 12 episodes the following year.[51] The producers then announced that a new character, John Doggett, would indeed be filling Mulder's role.[52]
More than 100 actors auditioned for the role of John Doggett, but only about ten were considered. Lou Diamond Phillips, Hart Bochner and Bruce Campbell were among the ten. The producers choose Robert Patrick.[8] Carter believed that the series could continue for another ten years with new leads and the opening credits were accordingly redesigned in both seasons eight and nine to emphasize the new actors (along with Pileggi, who was finally listed as a main character).[9] Doggett's presence did not give the series the ratings boost the network executives were hoping for.[14] The eight season episode "This is Not Happening" marked the first appearance of Monica Reyes, played by Gish, who became a main character in season nine. Her character was developed and introduced due to Anderson's possible departure at the end of the eighth season. Although Anderson stayed until the end, Gish became a series regular.[53] During season nine, for six episodes actor Cary Elwes played Brad Follmer.[54]
Minor recurring characters[edit]
Glen Morgan and James Wong's early influence on The X-Files mythology led to their introduction of popular secondary characters who would continue for years in episodes written by others: Scully's father, William (Don S. Davis); her mother, Margaret (Sheila Larken); and her sister, Melissa (Melinda McGraw). The conspiracy-inspired trio The Lone Gunmen were also secondary characters.[55] The trio was introduced in the first season episode "E.B.E." as a way to make Mulder appear more credible. They were originally meant to only appear in that episode, but due to their popularity, they returned in the second season episode "Blood" and became recurring characters.[56] Davis' character, The Smoking Man, was initially cast as an extra in the pilot episode. His character, however, grew into the main antagonist.[57]
Filming[edit]

 

 "The End" was the last episode to be filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia (pictured), closing season 5. The show produced 117 episodes in Canada before moving to Los Angeles in its sixth season.
During the early stages of production, Carter founded Ten Thirteen Productions and began to plan for filming the pilot in Los Angeles. However, unable to find suitable locations for many scenes, he decided to "go where the good forests are" and moved production to Vancouver.[58] It was soon realized by the production crew that since so much of the first season would require filming on location, rather than on sound stages, a second location manager would be needed.[59] The show remained in Vancouver for the first five seasons; production then shifted to Los Angeles beginning with the sixth season.[60] Duchovny was unhappy over his geographical separation from his wife Téa Leoni, although his discontent was popularly attributed to frustration with climatic conditions in Vancouver.[61] Anderson also wanted to return to the United States and Carter relented following the fifth season. The season ended in May 1998 with "The End", the final episode shot in Vancouver and the final episode with the involvement of many of the original crew members, including director and producer R.W. Goodwin and his wife Sheila Larken, who played Margaret Scully and would later return briefly.[39][62] The X-Files crew returned to Vancouver to film The X-Files: I Want to Believe. According to Spotnitz, the film script was written specifically for the city and surrounding areas.[63]
With the move to Los Angeles, many changes behind the scenes occurred, as much of the original The X-Files crew was gone. New production designer Corey Kaplan, editor Lynne Willingham, writer David Amann and director and producer Michael Watkins joined and stayed for several years. Bill Roe became the show's new director of photography and episodes generally had a drier, brighter look due to California's sunshine and climate, as compared with Vancouver's rain, fog and temperate forests. Early in the sixth season, the producers took advantage of the new location, setting the show in new parts of the country.[64] For example, Vince Gilligan's "Drive", about a man subject to an unexplained illness, was a frenetic action episode, unusual for The X-Files largely because it was set in Nevada's stark desert roads.[39] The "Dreamland" two-part episode was also set in Nevada, this time in Area 51. The episode was largely filmed at "Club Ed", a movie ranch located on the outskirts of Lancaster, California.[39][65][66]
Music[edit]
Main article: Music of The X-Files
The music was composed by Mark Snow, who got involved with The X-Files through his friendship with executive producer Goodwin. Initially Carter had no candidates. A little over a dozen people were considered, but Goodwin continued to press for Snow, who auditioned around three times with no sign from the production staff as to whether they wanted him. One day, however, Snow's agent called him, talking about the "pilot episode" and hinting that he had got the job.[67]


 
"The X-Files" (sample)




"The X-Files", the theme from the television series, as performed by Mark Snow. The sample illustrates the noted whistle and echo effects.
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Problems playing this file? See media help.
 
The theme, "The X-Files", used more instrumental sections than most dramas.[68] The theme song's famous whistle effect was inspired by the track "How Soon is Now" from The Smiths' 1985 album Meat Is Murder. After attempting to craft the theme with different sound effects, Snow used a Proteus 2 rack-mount synth with an effect called "Whistling Joe". After hearing this effect, Carter was "taken aback" and noted it is was "going to be good".[69] According to the "Behind the Truth" segment on the first season DVD, Snow created the echo effect on the track by accident. He felt that after several revisions, something still was not right. Carter walked out of the room and Snow put his hand and forearm on his keyboard in frustration. The keyboard had an echo effect setting that had accidentally been activated. The resulting riff pleased Carter; Snow said, "this sound was in the keyboard. And that was it."[68] The second episode, "Deep Throat", marked Snow's debut as solo composer for an entire episode. The production crew was determined to limit the music in the early episodes.[70] The theme song appeared first in "Deep Throat".[69]
Snow was tasked with composing the score for both The X-Files films. The films marked the first appearance of real instruments; previous music had been digitally crafted by Snow.[69][71] Snow's soundtrack for the first film, The X-Files: Original Motion Picture Score, was released in 1998.[72] For the second film, Snow recorded with the Hollywood Studio Symphony in May 2008 at the Newman Scoring Stage at 20th Century Fox in Century City.[73] UNKLE recorded a new version of the theme music for the end credits.[74] Some of the unusual sounds were created by a variation of silly putty and dimes tucked into piano strings. Snow commented that the fast percussion featured in some tracks was inspired by the track "Prospectors Quartet" from the There Will Be Blood soundtrack.[75] The soundtrack score, The X-Files: I Want to Believe: Original Motion Picture Score, was released in 2008.[76]
Opening sequence[edit]

 

 Shots from the show's original opening credit sequence.
The opening sequence was made in 1993 for the first season and remained unchanged until Duchovny left the show.[9][68] Carter sought to make the title an "impactful opening" with "supernatural images".[77] These scenes notably include a split-screen image of a seed germinating as well as a "terror-filled, warped face".[77] The latter was created when Carter found a video operator who was able to create the effect. The sequence was extremely popular and won the show its first Emmy Award, which was for Outstanding Graphic Design and Title Sequences. Rabwin was particularly pleased with the sequence and felt that it was something that had "never [been] seen on television before."[68]
The premiere episode of season eight, "Within", revealed the first major change to the opening credits. Along with Patrick, the sequence used new images and updated photos for Duchovny and Anderson, although Duchovny only appears in the opening credits when he appears in an episode. Carter and the production staff saw Duchovny's departure as a chance to change things. The replacement shows various pictures of Scully's pregnancy. According to executive producer Frank Spotnitz, the sequence also features an "abstract" way of showing Mulder's absence in the eighth season: he falls into an eye.[9] Season nine featured an entirely new sequence. Since Anderson wanted to move on, the sequence featured Reyes and Skinner. Duchovny's return to the show for the two-part series finale, "The Truth" marked the largest number of cast members to be featured in the opening credits, with five.[78]
The sequence ends with the tagline "The Truth Is Out There", which is used for the majority of the episodes.[77] The tagline changes in specific episodes to slogans that are relevant to that episode. The first of these was "Trust No One" in "The Erlenmeyer Flask".[79][80] Other examples include: "Everything Dies" in "Herrenvolk",[81] "Believe to Understand" in "Closure",[82] and "They're Watching" in "Trust No 1".[83]
Broadcast and release[edit]
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of The X-Files episodes
Nielsen ratings[edit]
Nielsen ratings for The X-Files

Season
Timeslot (ET)
Premiered
Ended
Rank
Viewers
 (in millions)

Date
Premiere
 viewers
 (in millions)
Date
Finale
 viewers
 (in millions)
1
Friday 9:00 pm
September 10, 1993
12.00[84]
May 13, 1994
14.00[85]
#105[86]
N/A
2 September 16, 1994
16.10[87]
May 19, 1995
16.60[88]
#63[86]
14.50[89]
3 September 22, 1995
19.94[90]
May 17, 1996
17.86[90]
#55[91]
15.40[89]
4
Friday 9:00 pm/Sunday 9:00 pm
October 4, 1996
21.11[92]
May 18, 1997
19.85[92]
#12[93]
19.20[94]
5
Sunday 9:00 pm
November 2, 1997
27.34[95]
May 17, 1998
18.76[95]
#11[93]
19.80[94]
6 November 8, 1998
20.24[96]
May 16, 1999
15.86[96]
#12[97]
17.20[94]
7 November 7, 1999
17.82[98]
May 21, 2000
15.26[98]
#29[99]
14.20[100]
8 November 5, 2000
15.87[101]
May 20, 2001
14.00[102]
#31[103]
13.93[100]
9 November 11, 2001
10.60[104]
May 19, 2002
13.00[105]
#63[104]
9.10[106]

The pilot premiered on September 10, 1993 and reached 12 million viewers.[84] As the season progressed, ratings began to increase and the season finale garnered 14 million viewers.[85] The first season ranked 105th out of 128 shows during the 1993–94 television season.[86] The series' second season increased in ratings—a trend that would continue for the next three seasons—and finished 63rd out of 141 shows.[86] These ratings were not spectacular, but the series had attracted enough fans to receive the label "cult hit", particularly by Fox standards. Most importantly it made great gains among the 18-to-49 age demographic sought by advertisers.[86][107] During its third year, the series ranked 55th[91] and was viewed by an average of 15.40 million viewers, an increase of almost seven percent over the second season, making it Fox's top-rated program in the 18–49-year-old demographic.[108] Although the first three episodes of the fourth season aired on Friday night, the fourth episode "Unruhe" aired on Sunday night. The show remained on Sunday until its end.[108] The season hit a high with its twelfth episode, "Leonard Betts", which was chosen as the lead-out program following Super Bowl XXXI. The episode was viewed by 29.1 million viewers, the series' highest-rated episode.[92] The fifth season debuted with "Redux I" on November 2, 1997 and was viewed by 27.34 million people, making it the highest-rated non-special broadcast episode of the series.[95] The season ranked as the eleventh-most watched series during the 1997–98 year, with an average of 19.8 million viewers. It was the series' highest-rated season as well as Fox' highest-rated program during the 1997–98 season.[94][93]
The sixth season premiered with "The Beginning", watched by 20.24 million viewers.[96] The show ended season six with lower numbers than the previous season, beginning a decline that would continue for the show's final three years.[97][99][103][106] The X-Files was nevertheless Fox's highest-rated show that year.[109] The seventh season, originally intended as the show's last, ranked as the 29th most-watched show for the 1999–2000 year, with 14.20 million viewers.[99] This made it, at the time, the lowest-rated year of the show since the third season.[89][99] After Duchovny left the series as a permanent regular, ratings began to plummet. The first episode of season eight, "Within", which only marginally featured Duchovny, was viewed by 15.87 million viewers.[101] The episode marked an 11% decrease from the seventh season opener, "The Sixth Extinction."[110] The first part of the ninth season opener "Nothing Important Happened Today", without Duchovny, only attracted 10.6 million viewers, the series' lowest-rated season premiere.[104]
The series finale "The Truth" attracted 13.00 million viewers, the series' lowest rated season finale.[105] The final season was the 63rd most-watched show for the 2001–02 season, tying its season two rank.[86][106] On May 19, 2002, the series finale aired and the Fox network confirmed that The X-Files was over.[78] When talking about the beginning of the ninth season, Carter said "We lost our audience on the first episode. It's like the audience had gone away and I didn't know how to find them. I didn't want to work to get them back because I believed what we are doing deserved to have them back."[111] While news outlets cited declining ratings because of lackluster stories and poor writing,[7] The X-Files production crew blamed September 11 terrorist attacks as the main factor.[112] By its final airing, The X-Files had become the longest-running consecutive science fiction series ever on U.S. broadcast television. This record was later surpassed by Stargate SG-1 in 2007[113] and Smallville in 2011.[114]
The X-Files feature film[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (film)
After several successful seasons, Carter wanted to tell the story of the series on a wider scale, which ultimately turned into a feature film. He later explained that the main problem was to create a story that would not require the viewer to be familiar with the broadcast series.[115] The movie was filmed in the hiatus between the show's fourth and fifth seasons and re-shoots were conducted during the filming of the show's fifth season. Due to the demands on the actors' schedules, some episodes of the fifth season focused on just one of the two leads.[116] In summer 1998, the eponymous The X-Files, also known as The X-Files: Fight the Future was released. The crew intended the movie to be a continuation of the season five finale "The End", but was also meant to stand on its own. The season six premiere, "The Beginning", began where the film ended.[117]
The film was written by Carter and Spotnitz and directed by series regular Rob Bowman. In addition to Mulder, Scully, Skinner and The Smoking Man, it featured guest appearances by Martin Landau, Armin Mueller-Stahl and Blythe Danner, who appeared only in the film. It also featured the last appearance of John Neville as the Well-Manicured Man. Jeffrey Spender, Diana Fowley, Alex Krycek and Gibson Praise—characters who had been introduced in the fifth season finale—do not appear in the film. Although the film had a strong domestic opening and received mostly positive reviews from critics, attendance dropped sharply after the first weekend.[118] Although it failed to make a profit during its theatrical release—due in part to its large promotional budget—The X-Files film was more successful internationally. Eventually, the worldwide theatrical box office total reached $189 million. The film's production cost and ad budgets were each close to $66 million.[32] Unlike the series, Anderson and Duchovny received equal pay for the film.[117]
The X-Files: I Want to Believe[edit]
Main article: The X-Files: I Want to Believe
In November 2001, Carter decided to pursue a second film adaptation. Production was slated to begin after the ninth season, with a projected release in December 2003.[119] In April 2002, Carter reiterated his desire and the studio's desire to do a sequel film. He planned to write the script over the summer and begin production in spring or summer 2003 for a 2004 release.[120] Carter described the film as independent of the series, saying "We're looking at the movies as stand-alones. They're not necessarily going to have to deal with the mythology."[121] Bowman, who had directed various episodes of The X-Files in the past as well as the 1998 film, expressed an interest in the sequel, but Carter took the job. Spotnitz co-authored the script with Carter.[63][122]
The X-Files: I Want to Believe became the second movie based on the series, after 1998's The X-Files: Fight the Future. Filming began in December 2007 in Vancouver and finished on March 11, 2008.[63][123][124] The movie was released in the US on July 25, 2008. In an interview with Entertainment Weekly, Carter said that if I Want to Believe proved successful, he would propose a third movie that would return to the television series' mythology and focus on the alien invasion foretold within the series, due to occur in December 2012.[125] The film grossed $4 million on its opening day in the United States.[126] It opened fourth on the U.S. weekend box office chart, with a gross of $10.2 million.[127] By the end of its theatrical run, it had grossed $20,982,478 domestically and an additional $47,373,805 internationally, for a total worldwide gross of $68,369,434.[128] Among 2008 domestic releases, it finished in 114th place.[129] The film's stars both claimed that the timing of the movie's release, a week after the highly popular Batman film The Dark Knight, negatively affected its success.[130][131] The film received mixed to negative reviews. Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 reviews from mainstream film critics, reported "mixed or average" reviews, with an average score of 47 based on 33 reviews.[132] Rotten Tomatoes reported that 32% of 160 listed film critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of 4.9 out of 10. The website wrote of the critics' consensus stating; "The chemistry between leads David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson do live up to The X-Files' televised legacy, but the roving plot and droning routines make it hard to identify just what we're meant to believe in."[133]
Possible third film[edit]
In several interviews around the release, Carter said that if the X-Files: I Want to Believe movie proved successful at the box office, a third installment would be made going back to the TV series' mythology, focusing specifically on the alien invasion and colonization of Earth foretold in the series finale, due to occur on December 22, 2012.[125][134] In an October 2009 interview, David Duchovny likewise said he wants to do a 2012 X-Files movie, but did not know if he would get the chance.[135][136] Anderson stated in August 2012 that a third X-Files film is "looking pretty good.[137] As of July 2013, Fox had not approved the movie, although Carter, Spotnitz, Duchovny and Anderson expressed interest.[138][139] At the New York Comic Con held October 10–13, 2013, Duchovny and Anderson reaffirmed that they and Carter are interested in making a third film, with Anderson saying “If it takes fan encouragement to get Fox interested in that, then I guess that’s what it would be.”[140]
In an interview published in October 2013, Carter gave the following update:[141]

Empire magazine: Fans are eagerly awaiting news of a third movie. Have you anything to share?
 Chris Carter: It's really up to 20th Century Fox, whether they have the will to do it. I think all of us are interested in putting the band back together. I have an idea for a third movie in my head. The colonisation date has passed [December 22, 2012] and that is something we wouldn't ignore. For the second movie, we only had the budget for a stand-alone story, but we want to go back to the mythology.
— Chris Carter,  Empire magazine, October 2013, pp 146–147
Home video release[edit]
Main articles: Series overview and home release and The X-Files merchandise
On September 24, 1996, the first "wave" set of The X-Files VHS tapes were released. Wave sets were released covering the first through fourth seasons.[142][143] Each "wave" was three VHS tapes, each containing two episodes, for a total of six episodes per wave and two waves per season.[144][145] For example, the home video release of wave one drew from the first half of the first season: "Pilot"/"Deep Throat", "Conduit"/"Ice" and "Fallen Angel"/"Eve".[144] Each wave was also available in a boxed set.[142] Unlike later DVD season releases, the tapes did not include every episode from the seasons. Ultimately twelve episodes—approximately half the total number aired—were selected by Carter to represent each season, including nearly all "mythology arc" episodes and selected standalone episodes.[144][145] Carter briefly introduced each episode with an explanation of why the episode was chosen and anecdotes from the set. These clips were later included on the full season DVDs.[144] Wave eight, covering the last part of the fourth season, was the last to be released. No Carter interviews appeared on DVDs for later seasons. Many of the waves had collectible cards for each episode.[146]
All nine seasons were released on DVD along with the two films.[147][148] The entire series was re-released on DVD in early 2006, in a "slimmer" package. The first five slim case versions did not come with some bonus materials that were featured in the original fold-out versions. However, seasons six, seven, eight and nine all contained the bonus materials found in the original versions.[149] Episodic DVDs have also been released in Region 2, such as "Deadalive", "Existence", "Nothing Important Happened Today", "Providence" and "The Truth".[150] Various other episodes were released on DVD and VHS. In 2005, four DVD sets were released containing the main story arc episodes of The X-Files. The four being Volume 1 – Abduction, Volume 2 – Black Oil, Volume 3 – Colonization and Volume 4 – Super Soldiers.[151] A boxed set containing all nine seasons and the first film was made available in 2007, which contains all of the special features from the initial releases. The set also includes an additional disc of new bonus features and various collectibles, including a poster for the first film, a comic book, a set of collector cards and a guide to all 202 episodes across all nine seasons and the first film. Due to the fact that the set was released in 2007, the second film, which was released in 2008, is not included.[147]
Release of The X-Files' seasons on Blu-ray, restored in high-definition, is rumored to begin in late 2013.[152]
Spin-offs[edit]
The Lone Gunmen[edit]
The Lone Gunmen is an American science fiction television series created by Carter and broadcast on Fox, and was crafted as a more humorous spin-off of The X-Files. The series starred the eponymous Lone Gunmen, and was first broadcast in March 2001, during The X-Files's month-long hiatus.[56] Although the debut episode garnered 13.23 million viewers, its ratings began to steadily drop.[153] The program was cancelled after thirteen episodes.[154] The last episode was broadcast in June 2001 and ended on a cliffhanger which was partially resolved in a ninth season episode of The X-Files entitled "Jump the Shark".[155]
Comic books[edit]
Main article: The X-Files Season 10
The X-Files was converted into a comic book series written during the show's third and fourth seasons. The initial comic books were written solely by Stefan Petrucha According to Petrucha, there were three types of stories: "those that dealt with the characters, those that dealt with the conspiracy, and the monster-of-the-week sort of stuff".[156] Petrucha cited that latter as the easiest to write. Petrucha saw Scully as a "scientist […] with real world faith", and that the difference between [Mulder and Scully] is not that Mulder believes and Scully doesn't; it's more a difference in procedure."[156] In this manner, Mulder's viewpoint was often written to be just as valid as Scully's, and Scully's science was often portrayed to be just as convincing as Mulder's more outlandish ideas.[156] Petrucha was eventually fired and various other authors took up the job.[156] A 2010 30 Days of Night/The X-Files cross-over graphic novel was released in 2010, and follows Mulder and Scully to Alaska as they investigate a series of grisly murders that may be linked to vampires.[157]
In 2013, it was announced that The X-Files would return to comic book form with "Season 10". The series, which follows Mulder and Scully after the events of the second movie, was released in June 2013. Joe Harris wrote the series, and Michael Walsh and Jordie Bellaire provided the artwork. It was later announced that Carter himself would be the executive producer for the series and would be "providing feedback to the creative team regarding scripts and outlines to keep the new stories in line with existing and on-going canon."[158] The series restarted the series' mythology, and the first arc of the story focused on “seek[ing] to bring the mythology of the Alien Conspiracy back up to date in a more paranoid, post-terror, post-wikileaks society.”[158] Furthermore, sequels to popular Monster-of-the-Week episodes are expected to be made.[158]
Impact[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
Overall[edit]
The X-Files received positive reviews from television critics, with many calling it one of the best series that aired on American television in the 1990s. Ian Burrell from the British newspaper The Independent called the show "one of the greatest cult shows in modern television."[159] Richard Corliss from Time magazine called the show the "cultural touchstone of" the 1990s.[160] Hal Boedeker from the Orlando Sentinel said in 1996 that the series had grown from a cult favorite to a television "classic".[161] The Evening Herald said the show had "overwhelming influence" on television, in front of such shows as The Simpsons.[162] In 2012, Entertainment Weekly listed the show at #4 in the "25 Best Cult TV Shows from the Past 25 Years," describing it as "a paean to oddballs, sci-fi fans, conspiracy theorists and Area 51 pilgrims everywhere. Ratings improved every year for the first five seasons, while Mulder and Scully's believer-versus-skeptic dynamic created a TV template that's still in heavy use today."[163]
In 2004 and 2007, The X-Files ranked #2 on TV Guide's "Top Cult Shows Ever".[164] In 2002, the show ranked as the 37th best television show of all time.[165] In 1997, the episodes "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose" and "Small Potatoes" respectively ranked #10 and #72 on "TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time."[166] In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time.[167] In 2007, Time included it on a list of the "100 Best TV Shows of All Time."[168] In 2008, Entertainment Weekly named it the fourth-best piece of science fiction media,[169] the fourth best TV show in the last 25 years[170] and in 2009, named it the fourth-best piece of science fiction, in their list of the "20 Greatest Sci-Fi TV Shows" in history.[171] Empire magazine ranked The X-Files ninth best TV show in history, further claiming that the best episode was the third season entry "Jose Chung's From Outer Space".[172] According to The Guardian, MediaDNA research discovered that The X-Files was on top of the list of the most innovative TV brands.[173] In 2009, it was announced that the show's catchphrase "The Truth Is Out There" was among Britain's top 60 best-known slogans and quotes.[174]
First seven seasons[edit]
The "pilot episode" was generally well received by fans and critics. Variety criticized the episode for "using reworked concepts", but praised the production and noted its potential. Of the acting, Variety said "Duchovny's delineation of a serious scientist with a sense of humor should win him partisans and Anderson's wavering doubter connects well. They're a solid team...'" Variety praised the writing and direction: "Mandel's cool direction of Carter's ingenious script and the artful presentation itself give TV sci-fi a boost." The magazine concluded, "Carter's dialogue is fresh without being self-conscious and the characters are involving. Series kicks off with drive and imagination, both innovative in recent TV."[175] Entertainment Weekly said that Scully "was set up as a scoffing skeptic" in the pilot but progressed toward belief throughout the season.[176] After the airing of four episodes, the magazine called The X-Files "the most paranoid, subversive show on TV", noting the "marvelous tension between Anderson—who is dubious about these events—and Duchovny, who has the haunted, imploring look of a true believer".[177] Virgin Media said the most memorable "Monster-of-the-Week" was "Eugene Tooms" from "Squeeze" and "Tooms".[178]
The following four seasons received similar praise. The DVD Journal gave the second season four out of four stars, calling it a "memorable season". The review highlighted "The Host", "Duane Barry" and "Ascension", the cliffhanger finale "Anasazi", the "unforgettable" "Humbug" and meeting Mulder and Scully's families in "Colony" and "One Breath".[179] IGN gave the season a rating of 9 out of 10, with the reviewer noting it was an improvement upon the first as it had "started to explore a little" and the "evolution of the characters makes the product shine even though the plotlines have begun to seem familiar".[180] Todd VanDerWerff of The A.V. Club called the third season The X-Files' "best season and maybe one of the greatest TV seasons of all time", noting it was consistent and "[swung] from strength to strength" between mythology and stand-alone episodes.[181] Michael Sauter of Entertainment Weekly gave the fifth season an "A – ", writing that it "proves the show was—even then—still at its creative peak (if only for another year or so) and full of surprises".[182] He praised the new additions to the series' mythology and concluded that "many stand-alone episodes now look like classics".[182] Francis Dass, writing for the New Straits Times, noted that the season was "very interesting" and possessed "some [...] truly inspiring and hilarious" episodes."[183]
After the 1998 film, the show began to receive increasingly critical reviews. Some longtime fans became alienated during the show's sixth season, due to the different tone taken by most stand-alone episodes after the move to Los Angeles.[184] Rather than adhering to the "Monsters-of-the-Week" style, they were often romantic or humorous or both, such as "Arcadia" or "Terms of Endearment." Some fans felt there was no coherent plan to the main storyline and that Carter was "making it all up as he goes along."[184] As for the seventh season, The A.V. Club noted that while the first eight seasons of The X-Files were "good-to-great", the seventh season of the show was "flagging" and possessed "significant problems".[185] Despite this, the final two seasons that featured Duchovny included several episodes that were lauded by critics, including the sixth season entries "Triangle" and "The Unnatural",[186][187] as well as the seventh season installment "X-Cops".[188]
Final two seasons[edit]
The show's eighth season received mixed to positive reviews from critics. The A.V. Club noted that the eighth season was "revitalized by the new 'search for Mulder' story-arc."[185] Amy H. Sturgis commended the eighth season, praising Anderson's performance as Scully as "excellence" and positively wrote that Doggett was "non-Mulderish".[189] Collin Polonowonski from DVD Times said that the season included "more hits than misses overall" but offered a negative word about the mythology episodes, claiming that they were the "weakest" episodes in the season.[190] Jesse Hassenger from PopMatters, however, criticized the new season, claiming that Patrick was miscast and calling Duchovny's appearances as Mulder shallow.[191]
Season nine received mixed to negative reviews by critics and garnered negative reaction from many long-time fans and viewers. Sabadino Parker from PopMatters, called the show "a pale reflection of the show it once was."[192] Elizabeth Weinbloom from The New York Times concluded, "shoddy writing notwithstanding, it was this halfhearted culmination of what was once a beautifully complicated friendship", between Mulder and Scully that ended remaining interest in what was a "waning phenomenon".[7] Another The New York Times review stated, "The most imaginative show on television has finally reached the limits of its imagination."[193] The A.V. Club listed the ninth season and the 2008 film The X-Files: I Want to Believe as the "bad apple" of The X-Files franchise, describing the ninth season as "clumsy mish-mash of stuff that had once worked and new serialized storylines about so-called 'super soldiers'".[185] Brian Linder from IGN, on the other hand, was more positive to the ninth season, saying that the series could still have aired if the writers created a new storyline for Patrick and Gish's character.[194]
Accolades[edit]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by The X-Files
The X-Files received prestigious awards over its nine-year run, totaling 62 Emmy nominations and 16 awards.[195][196] Capping its successful first season, The X-Files crew members James Castle, Bruce Bryant and Carol Johnsen won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Graphic Design and Title Sequences in 1994.[196] In 1995 the show was nominated for seven Emmy Awards with one win. The following year, the show won five Emmys out of eight nominations. In 1997, The X-Files won three awards out of twelve. In 1998, the show won one of fifteen. In 1999 it won one out of eight, in the category "Outstanding Makeup for a Series". Season seven won three Emmys from six nominations. The following season would not be as successful, catching only two nominations and winning again in the Makeup category for "Deadalive". The ninth season received one nomination in "Outstanding Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)".[195][196]
The show was nominated for 12 Golden Globe Awards overall, winning five.[196][197] The first nomination came in 1994, when the show won "Best Series – Drama".[196] The following year, Anderson and Duchovny were nominated for "Best Actor in a Leading Role" and "Best Actress in a Leading Role", respectively.[196][197] In 1996, the series won three awards; Anderson and Duchovny for Best Actress and Actor and for "Best Series – Drama".[196] In 1997 and 1998, the show received the same three nominations. In 1997, however, the series won "Best Series – Drama".[196][197] In 1998 the series won no award and received no nominations thereafter.[197] In addition to Emmys and Golden Globes, the show received nominations from other groups. These included nominations for: two American Cinema Editors awards, three Directors Guild of America Awards, nine Television Critics Association Awards and two Writers Guild of American Awards. The X-Files was also nominated for nine Satellite Awards, managing to win two of them; 14 Screen Actors Guild Awards, garnering two wins; and two Young Artist Awards, winning one.[198]
Fandom[edit]

 

 A fan cosplaying as Agent Scully.
As The X-Files saw its viewership expand from a "small, but devoted" group of fans to a worldwide mass cult audience,[199][200] digital telecommunications were becoming mainstream. According to The New York Times, "this may have been the first show to find its audience growth tied to the growth of the Internet."[201] The X-Files incorporated new technologies into storylines beginning in the early seasons: Mulder and Scully communicated on cellular phones, e-mail contact with secret informants provided plot points in episodes such as "Colony" and "Anasazi", while The Lone Gunmen were portrayed as Internet aficionados as early as 1994.[202] Many X-Files fans also had online access. Fans of the show became commonly known as "X-Philes", a term coined from the Greek root "-phil-" meaning love or obsession.[201] In addition to watching the show, X-Philes reviewed episodes themselves on unofficial websites, formed communities with other fans through Usenet newsgroups and listservs,[203] and wrote their own fan fiction.[204]
The X-Files also "caught on with viewers who wouldn't ordinarily consider themselves sci-fi fans."[199] While Carter argued that the show was plot-driven, many fans saw it as character-driven.[204] Duchovny and Anderson were characterized as "Internet sex symbols."[201] As the show grew in popularity, subgroups of fans developed, such as "shippers" hoping for a romantic or sexual partnership between Mulder and Scully, or those who already perceived one between the lines.[204] Other groups arose to pay tribute to the stars[203] or their characters,[205] while others joined the subculture of "slash" fiction.[204] As of summer 1996, a journalist wrote, "there are entire forums online devoted to the 'M/S' [Mulder and Scully] relationship."[203] In addition to "MOTW", Internet fans invented acronyms such as "UST" meaning "unresolved sexual tension" and "COTR" standing for "conversation on the rock"—referencing a popular scene in the third season episode "Quagmire"—to aid in their discussions of the agents' relationship, which was itself identified as the "MSR."[206]
The producers did not endorse some fans' readings, according to a study on the subject: "Not content to allow Shippers to perceive what they wish, Carter has consistently reassured NoRomos [those against the idea of a Mulder/Scully romance] that theirs is the preferred reading. This allows him the plausible deniability to credit the show's success to his original plan even though many watched in anticipation of a romance, thanks, in part, to his strategic polysemy. He can deny that these fans had reason to do so, however, since he has repeatedly stated that a romance was not and would never be." The Scully-obsessed writer in Carter's 1999 episode "Milagro" was read by some as his alter ego, realizing that by this point "she has fallen for Mulder despite his authorial intent."[204] The writers sometimes paid tribute to the more visible fans by naming minor characters after them. The best example is Leyla Harrison. Played by Jolie Jenkins and introduced in the eighth season episode "Alone", Harrison, was created and named in memory of an Internet fan and prolific writer of fan fiction of the same name, who died of cancer on February 10, 2001.[9]
Merchandise[edit]
Main article: The X-Files merchandise
The X-Files spawned an industry of spin-off products. In 2004, U.S.-based Topps Comics and[207][156] most recently, DC Comics imprint Wildstorm launched a new series of licensed tie-in comics.[208] During the series' run, the Fox Broadcasting Company published the official The X-Files Magazine.[209] The X-Files Collectible Card Game was released in 1996 and an expansion set was released in 1997.[210] The X-Files has inspired three video games. In 1998, The X-Files Game was released for the PC and Macintosh and a year later for the PlayStation. This game is set within the timeline of the second or third season and follows an Agent Craig Willmore in his search for the missing Mulder and Scully.[211] In 2000, Fox Interactive released The X-Files: Unrestricted Access, a game-style database for Windows and Mac, which allowed users access to every case file.[212] Then, in 2004, The X-Files: Resist or Serve was released. The game is a survival-horror game released for the PlayStation 2 and is an original story set in the seventh season. It allows the player control of both Mulder and Scully. Both games feature acting and voice work from members of the series' cast.[213] The X-Files Collectible Card Game (XF:CCG or X-Files CCG) was a collectible card game based on the X-Files fictional universe. It was created by the US Playing Card Company (USPCC).[214]
Legacy[edit]
See also: The X-Files franchise

 

 The set for Mulder's office.
The X-Files directly inspired other TV series, including Strange World,[199][215] The Burning Zone,[216] Special Unit 2,[217] Mysterious Ways,[218] Lost,[219] Dark Skies,[217][220] The Visitor,[199] Fringe,[217][221] Warehouse 13,[217] and Supernatural,[217][222] with key aspects carried over to more standard crime dramas, such as Eleventh Hour[217][223] and Bones.[224] The influence can be seen on other levels: television series such as Lost developed their own complex mythologies.[219] In terms of characterization, the role of Dana Scully was seen as somewhat original, changing "how women [on television] were not just perceived but behaved" and perhaps influencing the portrayal of "strong women" investigators.[46] Russell T Davies said The X-Files had been an inspiration on his series Torchwood, describing it as "dark, wild and sexy... The X-Files meets This Life".[225][226] Other shows have been influenced by the tone and mood of The X-Files. For example, Buffy the Vampire Slayer drew from the mood and coloring of The X-Files, as well as from its occasional blend of horror and humor. Creator Joss Whedon described his show as a cross between The X-Files and My So-Called Life.[227]
The show's popularity led it to become a major aspect of popular culture. The show is parodied in The Simpsons season eight episode "The Springfield Files," which aired on January 12, 1997. In it, Mulder and Scully—voiced by Duchovny and Anderson—are sent to Springfield to investigate an alien sighting by Homer Simpson, but end up finding no evidence other than Homer's word and depart. The Smoking Man appears in the background when Homer is interviewed and the show's theme plays during one particular screen.[228] Nathan Ditum from Total Film ranked Duchovny and Anderson's performances as the fourth-best guest appearances in The Simpsons history.[229] In the Star Trek Deep Space Nine episode "Trials and Tribbleations," Benjamin Sisko is interviewed by Federation Department of Temporal Investigations agents Dulmer and Lucsly, anagrams of Mulder and Scully, respectively.[230] The pair were later expanded upon in Christopher L. Bennett's book Watching the Clock.[231] Welsh music act Catatonia released the 1998 single "Mulder and Scully", which became a hit in the United Kingdom.[232] American singer and songwriter Bree Sharp wrote a song called "David Duchovny" about the actor in 1999 that heavily references the show and its characters. Although never a mainstream hit, the song became popular underground and gained a cult following.[233][234][235] The series attained a degree of historical importance. On July 16, 2008, Carter and Spotnitz donated several props from the series and new film to the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History. Some of the items included the original pilot script and the "I Want to Believe" poster from Mulder's office.[236]
Carter, Duchovny and Anderson celebrated the 20th anniversary of the series at a July 18, 2013 panel at the San Diego Comic-Con hosted by TV Guide. During the discussion, Anderson discussed Scully's impact on female fans, relating that a number of women have informed her that they entered into careers in physics because of the character. Anderson also indicated that she was not in favor of an X-Files miniseries, and Duchovny ruled out working with her on an unrelated project, but both expressed willingness to do a third feature film. Carter, was more reserved at the idea, stating, "You need a reason to get excited about going on and doing it again."[237]
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Duchovny appeared in only half of season eight's episodes and only two episodes in season nine. Despite this, his face is featured in the opening credits for those episodes in which he appears and he also receives star billing.
References[edit]
Notes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Delsara 2000, p. 59.
2.Jump up ^ Cooper, Tracie. "The Files: Seasons 01". Allmovie. Rovi. Retrieved November 19, 2012.
3.Jump up ^ Delsara 2000, p. 62.
4.Jump up ^ Delsara 2000, p. 58.
5.Jump up ^ Lowry 1995, pp. 99–156.
6.Jump up ^ Gross, Terry (March 2001). "Interview with Chris Carter". National Public Radio. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c Weinbloom, Elizabeth (June 2, 2002). "'The X-Files'; A Botched Romance". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Fleming, Michael (July 20, 2000). "Patrick Marks 'X-Files' Spot". Variety. Penske Business Media. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Carter, Chris, et al (2002). The Truth Behind Season 8 (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Eighth Season: Fox Home Entertainment.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Truth, Part Two". BBC Cult. BBC. Retrieved May 9, 2012.
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12.^ Jump up to: a b Kowalski 2007, pp. 243–246.
13.Jump up ^ Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, p. 71.
14.^ Jump up to: a b Gates, Anita (February 18, 2001). "Television/Radio; Without Mulder (Most of the Time), 'The X-Files' Thrives". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). Retrieved July 5, 2009.
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16.^ Jump up to: a b c Duncan 1998, passim.
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18.Jump up ^ Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, p. 137.
19.Jump up ^ Gross, Terry (March 2001). "Interview with Chris Carter". National Public Radio. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
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22.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin (director); Glen Morgan & James Wong (writers). "One Breath". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 8. Fox.
23.Jump up ^ David Nutter (director); Glen Morgan & James Wong (writers). "Tooms". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 21. Fox.
24.^ Jump up to: a b c d Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer). "Within". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 1. Fox.
25.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer). "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. Fox.
26.Jump up ^ Richmond, Alex. "The Lying Game". Television Without Pity. NBCUniversal. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
27.Jump up ^ Barry K. Thomas (director); Greg Walker (writer). "Empedocles". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 17. Fox.
28.Jump up ^ Michelle Maxwell MacLaren (director); Vince Gilligan (writer) (January 13, 2002). "John Doe". The X-Filess. Season 9. Episode 7. Fox.
29.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (February 25, 2001). "This Is Not Happening". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 14. Fox.
30.Jump up ^ Bischoff, David (December 1994). "Opening the X-Files: Behind the Scenes of TV's Hottest Show". Omni (General Media, Inc) 17 (3).
31.Jump up ^ Edwards 1996, p. 9.
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33.Jump up ^ Edwards, p. 13.
34.Jump up ^ Lowry 1995, pp. 10–12.
35.Jump up ^ Lovece 1996, pp. 3–4.
36.Jump up ^ Edwards 1996, p. 12.
37.Jump up ^ Millman, Joyce (May 19, 2002). "Television/Radio; 'The X-Files' Finds the Truth: Its Time Is Past". The New York Times. Retrieved July 9, 2009.
38.Jump up ^ Aspan, Maria (January 23, 2006). "'X-Files' Are Closed; a Lawsuit Opens". The New York Times. Retrieved July 31, 2009.
39.^ Jump up to: a b c d Carter, Chris, et al (2000). The Truth About Season Six (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Sixth Season: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
40.Jump up ^ Kirby, Jonathan (October 29, 2007). "Not Just a Fluke: How Darin Morgan Saved The X-Files". PopMatters. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
41.^ Jump up to: a b c Anderson, Gillian. "Biography". Official Gillian Anderson Website. Retrieved April 10, 2011.
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43.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris. "Casting Mulder". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
44.Jump up ^ Maher, Kevin (March 29, 2007). "Interview with Anderson". The Times (News Corporation). Retrieved September 13, 2011.
45.Jump up ^ Lowry 1995, pp. 15–16.
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47.Jump up ^ Mayhall, Robin M. (June 1995). "Mitch Pileggi interview". The X-Tapes. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
48.Jump up ^ Kessenich 2002, p. 80.
49.Jump up ^ "Duchovny Quits X-Files". BBC News. May 18, 2001. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
50.Jump up ^ Spencer, Russ (April 28, 2000). "A close encounter with Chris Carter". Salon. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
51.Jump up ^ Elber, Lynn (May 18, 2000). "Fox Mulder 'Ready to Get Back to Work'". Associated Press / Space. Archived from the original on September 24, 2004. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
52.Jump up ^ Shapiro 2001, p. 278.
53.Jump up ^ Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, p. 190.
54.Jump up ^ "Cary Elwes Joins X-Files". ABC News. American Broadcasting Company. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
55.Jump up ^ Stark, Jeff (April 13, 2001). "Interview with Chris Carter". Salon. Salon Media Group. Retrieved June 29, 2009.
56.^ Jump up to: a b Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, p. 49.
57.Jump up ^ Spotnitz, Frank, Carter, Chris, Shiban, John , Manners, Kim and Gordon, Howard among others (2004). Threads of Mythology (DVD). The X-Files Mythology, Volume 1 – Abduction: Fox Home Entertainment.
58.Jump up ^ Lowry 1995, p. 17.
59.Jump up ^ Gradnitzer & Pittson 1999, p. 16.
60.Jump up ^ Meisler 2000, pp. 18–19.
61.Jump up ^ Strachan, Alex (February 17, 1998). "The Alienation of David Duchovny". Vancouver Sun (Postmedia Network Inc.). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
62.Jump up ^ Strachan, Alex (March 30, 1998). "X-Files Creator Bids B.C. Sad Adieu". The Vancouver Sun (Postmedia Network Inc.). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
63.^ Jump up to: a b c Glen Schaefer (March 12, 2008). "Filming of the X-Files Sequel Wraps". Postmedia Network. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
64.Jump up ^ Hurwitz, Matt (March 2002). "Directing The X-Files". DGA Monthly. Directors Guild of America. Archived from the original on March 16, 2010.
65.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris, et al (2000). The Truth Behind Season 7 (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Seventh Season: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
66.Jump up ^ Meisler 2000, p. 65.
67.Jump up ^ "The S Files". Soundtrack.net. June 6, 2008. Retrieved May 27, 1998.
68.^ Jump up to: a b c d Chris Carter, et al (2000). The Truth Behind Season 1 (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete First Season: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
69.^ Jump up to: a b c Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, pp. 34–35.
70.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris (2005). Audio Commentary for "Deep Throat" (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete First Season: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
71.Jump up ^ Larson, Randall (October 1998). "Dark Music – From Ambient Sound Design to Mahleresque Melody". Cinefantastique 30 (7/8): 47–48.
72.Jump up ^ Love, Bret. "X-Files (Score) – Mark Snow". AllMusic. Retrieved December 5, 2012.
73.Jump up ^ Dan Goldwasser (May 30, 2008). "Mark Snow Scores The X-Files: I Want to Believe". ScoringSessions.com. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
74.Jump up ^ "X-Files Theme Gets a Fresh Spin for Summer Film". Reuters. June 27, 2008. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
75.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris and Snow, Mark (2005). 'Trust No One' Documentary (DVD). The X-Files: I Want to Believe: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
76.Jump up ^ "The X-Files: I Want to Believe – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack". Amazon.com. Retrieved December 5, 2012.
77.^ Jump up to: a b c Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, p. 35.
78.^ Jump up to: a b Carter, Chris, et al (2002). The Truth Behind Season 9 (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Ninth Season: Fox Home Entertainment.
79.Jump up ^ Lowry 1995, p. 156.
80.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (writer); R.W. Goodwin (director) (May 13, 1994). "The Erlenmeyer Flask". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 24. Fox.
81.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (writer); R.W. Goodwin (director) (October 4, 1996). "Herrenvolk". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 1. Fox.
82.Jump up ^ Shapiro 2001, p. 139.
83.Jump up ^ Chris Carter and Frank Spotnitz (writers); Tony Wharmby (director) (January 6, 2002). "Trust No 1". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 6. Fox.
84.^ Jump up to: a b "Smooth Start for 'seaQuest DSV' – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). September 15, 1993. p. 03D. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
85.^ Jump up to: a b "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 18, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
86.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "ABC Hits a 'Home' Run". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. April 28, 1995. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
87.Jump up ^ "'Girl' Helps ABC Start Fall Season on Top – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). September 21, 1994. p. 03D. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
88.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 24, 1995. p. 03.D. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
89.^ Jump up to: a b c Lowry 1996, p. 249.
90.^ Jump up to: a b Lowry 1996, p. 251.
91.^ Jump up to: a b "Season Winner NBC Coasts, While CBS Outrates ABC". St. Paul Pioneer Press (MediaNews Group). May 30, 1996. Retrieved March 18, 2012. (subscription required)
92.^ Jump up to: a b c Meisler 1998, p. 298.
93.^ Jump up to: a b c "The Final Countdown". Entertainment Weekly (Time, Inc) (434). May 29, 1998. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
94.^ Jump up to: a b c d Kessenich 2002, p. 12.
95.^ Jump up to: a b c Meisler 1999, p. 284.
96.^ Jump up to: a b c Meisler 2000, p. 294.
97.^ Jump up to: a b "TV Winners & Losers: Numbers Racket – A Final Tally Of The Season's Shows". Entertainment Weekly. Time, Inc. June 4, 1999. (subscription required)
98.^ Jump up to: a b Shapiro 2001, p. 281.
99.^ Jump up to: a b c d "Top TV Shows For 1999–2000 Season". Variety. Penske Business Media. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
100.^ Jump up to: a b Kessenich 2002, p. 146.
101.^ Jump up to: a b Staff (November 8, 2000). "Campaign Ad Sales Outstrip Last Election's – Election 2000: Media". The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution (Cox Enterprises). p. E20. Retrieved March 8, 2012. (subscription required)
102.Jump up ^ Associated Press (May 2001). "Season Finales Lift NBC to No. 1". The Cincinnati Post (E. W. Scripps Company). p. 3C. Retrieved January 15, 2012. (subscription required)
103.^ Jump up to: a b "The Bitter End". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. June 1, 2001. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
104.^ Jump up to: a b c Kessenich 2002, p. 193.
105.^ Jump up to: a b "ARTS & TV in Brief 'Survivor: Marquesas' Outwits the Competition". The Boston Herald (Herald Media Inc). May 2002. p. 48. Retrieved January 15, 2012. (subscription required)
106.^ Jump up to: a b c "How Did Your Favorite Show Rate?". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 28, 2002. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
107.Jump up ^ Powers, William (September 17, 1995). "'X-Files': Signs of Intelligent Life; Cult Favorite Gains a Following Among the Masses". The Washington Post (The Washington Post Company). Retrieved December 1, 2012. (subscription required)
108.^ Jump up to: a b Lowry 1996, p. 249–250.
109.Jump up ^ Brownfield, Paul (August 28, 1999). "Exploring the Unknown: 'X-Files' Future." Los Angeles Times (Tribune Company). Retrieved December 1, 2012.
110.Jump up ^ Bauder, David (November 7, 2000). "NBC Out to Early Lead in Sweeps Competition". Associated Press Archive. Retrieved March 8, 2012. (subscription required)
111.Jump up ^ Goodman, Tim (January 18, 2002). "'X-Files' Creator Ends Fox Series". San Francisco Chronicle (Hearst Corporation). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
112.Jump up ^ Newitz, Annalee (February 23, 2008). "Chris Carter Says 9/11 Killed X-Files". i09. Gawker Media. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
113.Jump up ^ "Dr Who 'Longest-Running Sci-Fi'". BBC News. BBC. September 28, 2006. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
114.Jump up ^ "Smallville will break Stargate SG-1’s world record". GateWorld. Retrieved May 19, 2010.
115.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris, et al (1998). The Making of The X-Files Movie (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
116.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris, Gilligan, Vince, Shiban, John, Haglund, Dean, Manners, Kim, Bowman, Rob, Spotnitz, Frank, Cartwright, Veronica, Rabwin, Paul, Rogers, Mimi and Goodwin, R.W. "Bob" (1998). The Truth Behind Season 5 (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Fifth Season: Fox Home Entertainment.
117.^ Jump up to: a b Carter, Chris and Bowman, Rob (2005). Audio Commentary for The X-Files: Fight the Future (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
118.Jump up ^ "The X-Files (1998) – Weekend Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. Amazon. Retrieved July 2, 2012.
119.Jump up ^ "X-Files Cast and Crew Talk New Movie & New Season". IGN (News Corporation). September 10, 2001. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
120.Jump up ^ Smith, Christopher (April 11, 2002). "Carter Sheds Light on X-Files 2". Cinescape (Kuwait National Cinema Company). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
121.Jump up ^ Linder, Brian (May 9, 2002). "Carter Talks X-Files Sequel". IGN (News Corporation). Retrieved February 9, 2011.
122.Jump up ^ "Bowman Spills It On Reign of Fire, X-Files 2 Hopes". Mania.com. June 18, 2002. Retrieved March 17, 2012.
123.Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock; Tatiana Siegel (September 31, 2007). "Fox Sets Date for 'X-Files' Sequel". Variety (Penske Business Media). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
124.Jump up ^ "Duchovny and Two Co-Writers Announce New X-Files Feature film". Canadian Press. March 12, 2008. Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
125.^ Jump up to: a b Clark Collis (April 18, 2008). "'X-Files' Creator Chris Carter Wants to Believe in a Third Movie Featuring Mulder and Scully". Entertainment Weekly (Time Inc). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
126.Jump up ^ Finke, Nikki (July 25, 2008). "'Dark Knight $314.2M In 10 Days: Keeps Smashing Record After Record; 'Step Brothers' Big; 'X-Files 2' Bombs". Deadline.com. Retrieved September 5, 2009.
127.Jump up ^ "Weekend Box Office Results for July 25–27, 2008". Box Office Mojo. Amazon. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
128.Jump up ^ "The X-Files: I Want to Believe". The Numbers. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
129.Jump up ^ "2008 Domestic Gross". Box Office Mojo. Amazon. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
130.Jump up ^ Goodwin, Liam (August 1, 2008). "David Duchovny Blames Disappointing X-Files Box Office On The Dark Knight". Filmonic.com. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
131.Jump up ^ Kilkelly, Daniel (August 4, 2008). "'X-Files' Star Reflects On Film's Performance". Digital Spy. Hearst Magazines UK. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
132.Jump up ^ "The X Files: I Want to Believe". Metacritic. Retrieved September 11, 2009.
133.Jump up ^ "The X-Files: I Want to Believe (2008)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved September 11, 2009.
134.Jump up ^ Parfitt, Orlando (July 31, 2008). "Carter Already Planning X-Files 3". IGN (News Corporation). Retrieved October 14, 2009.
135.Jump up ^ Vejvoda, Jim (October 16, 2009). "Duchovny on X-Files 3". IGN (News Corporation). Retrieved October 19, 2009.
136.Jump up ^ "David Duchovny Talks Gay Crushes and a Possible X-Files Sequel". The Daily Telegraph (Telegraph Media Group). January 11, 2011. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
137.Jump up ^ Marcus, Stephanie (August 27, 2012). "Gillian Anderson: 'X-Files 3' Movie Is 'Looking Pretty Good'". The Huffington Post (AOL). Retrieved September 4, 2012.
138.Jump up ^ Radish, Christian (August 2, 2012). "Writer/Producer Frank Spotnitz Talks His Desire to Make a Third X-Files Movie and the Possibility of a Millennium Movie". Collider. Toplingo. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
139.Jump up ^ "'X-Files' Movie: David Duchovny Is In". The Huffington Post (AOL). August 12, 2012. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
140.Jump up ^ "David Duchovny, Gillian Anderson Want to Reunite for Third 'X-Files' Movie". New York Daily News. Associated Press. October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 14, 2013.
141.Jump up ^ de Semlyen, Nick (October 2013). "The XX-Files". Empire (London, England UK: Bauer Media Group): 146–147. Interview with series creator Chris Carter conducted by Nick de Semlyen.
142.^ Jump up to: a b "Video & DVDs – 1". X-Files Merchandise. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
143.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Wave 8 Triple Pack (1993)". Amazon.com. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
144.^ Jump up to: a b c d "The X-Files – Wave 1, Triple Pack (1993)". Amazon.com. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
145.^ Jump up to: a b "The X-Files – Wave 2 Triple Pack (1993)". Amazon.com. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
146.Jump up ^ "VHS Wave Art". Eatthecorn.com. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
147.^ Jump up to: a b "The X-Files: The Complete Collector's Edition (1998)". Amazon.com. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
148.Jump up ^ "The X-Files Movie 2-Pack (Fight the Future / I Want to Believe) (2010)". Amazon.com. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
149.Jump up ^ For the various seasons and their special features, see: Robert Mandel, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete First Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
David Nutter, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete Second Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
R. W. Goodwin, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete Third Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
R. W. Goodwin, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete Fourth Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
R. W. Goodwin, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete Fifth Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
Kim Manners, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete Sixth Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
Kim Manners, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete Seventh Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
Kim Manners, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete Eighth Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
Kim Manners, et al (2006). The X-Files: The Complete Ninth Season (Slim case) (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
150.Jump up ^ For the episode DVDs, see: Tony Wharmby (2001). The X Files: Deadalive (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
Kim Manners (2001). The X Files: Existence (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
Kim Manners (2001). The X Files: Nothing Important Happened Today (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
Chris Carter (2002). The X Files: Providence (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
Kim Manners (2002). The X Files: The Truth (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
151.Jump up ^ Lacey, Gord (June 7, 2005). "The X-Files – More Mythology sets coming soon". TVShowsOnDVD. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
152.Jump up ^ Hunt, Bill (November 12, 2012). "Is Fox Bringing The X-Files to BD in 2013 as Well?". The Digital Bits. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
153.Jump up ^ Kissell, Rick (March 19, 2001). "Eye Hoops March On". Variety (Penske Business Media). Retrieved November 29, 2012. (subscription required)
154.Jump up ^ "TV Sound Off". Corpus Christi Caller-Times (The E.W. Scripps Company). March 18, 2001. Retrieved March 9, 2013. (subscription required)
155.Jump up ^ Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, p. 206.
156.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Vitaris, Paula (October 1997). "The X-Files: Stefan Petrucha on His Struggle to Create a comic Book Worthy of the Show". Cinefantastique 29 (4/5).
157.Jump up ^ Niles & Jones 2010, pp. 1–144.
158.^ Jump up to: a b c Brown, Sophie (March 5, 2013). "The X-Files Season 10: What You Need To Know". Wired. Condé Nast. Retrieved March 9, 2013.
159.Jump up ^ Burrell, Ian (July 17, 2007). "Ex-Files No Longer: Partners Once More". The Independent (London: Independent Print Limited). Archived from the original on February 28, 2009. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
160.Jump up ^ Corliss, Richard (April 7, 1997). "A Star Trek into the X-Files". Time (Time, Inc). Retrieved August 17, 2009.
161.Jump up ^ Boedeker, Hal (May 17, 1996). "Having Grown From a Cult Favorite to a Classic, 'The X-Files' Wraps Up Its 3rd Season". Orlando Sentinel (Tribune Company). Retrieved August 18, 2009.
162.Jump up ^ McManus, Darragh (July 26, 2008). "X Hits the Spot". Evening Herald (Independent News & Media). Retrieved August 17, 2009.
163.Jump up ^ "25 Best Cult TV Shows from the Past 25 Years". Entertainment Weekly (Time Inc). August 3, 2012. pp. 37–38.
164.Jump up ^ "TV Guide Names the Top Cult Shows Ever". TV Guide. July 27, 1998. Retrieved June 29, 2007.
165.Jump up ^ "TV Guide Names Top 50 Shows". CBS News. CBS Corporation. April 26, 2002. Retrieved July 29, 2009.
166.Jump up ^ "Special Collector's Issue: 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time". TV Guide (June 28 – July 4). 1997.
167.Jump up ^ Roush, Matt (February 25, 2013). "Showstoppers: The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time". TV Guide. pp. 16–17.
168.Jump up ^ "Best TV Shows of All-TIME". Time (Time, Inc). September 6, 2007. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
169.Jump up ^ Pastorek, Whitney (2003). "The Sci-Fi 25: The Genre's Best Since 1982". Entertainment Weekly (Time, Inc). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
170.Jump up ^ "The New Classics: TV". Entertainment Weekly (Time, Inc). 2008. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
171.Jump up ^ "20 Greatest Sci-Fi TV Shows". Entertainment Weekly (Time, Inc). September 30, 2009. Retrieved October 4, 2009.
172.Jump up ^ "The X-Files: 1993–2002". Empire (Bauer Consumer Media). Retrieved August 17, 2009.
173.Jump up ^ "What the MediaDNA Research Found". The Guardian (London: Guardian Media Group). March 13, 2003. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
174.Jump up ^ "Forsyth's Winning Words". BBC. October 30, 1998. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
175.Jump up ^ Scott, Tony (September 9, 1993). "The X-Files Fri.". Variety. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
176.Jump up ^ "'X' Marks What's Hot: With a Quirky Sense of Humor and a Generous Helping of the Paranormal, Fox's 'X-Files' Slyly Alters the Time-Tested Recipe for Mystery-Solving". Entertainment Weekly. January 21, 1994.
177.Jump up ^ Tucker, Ken (October 8, 1993). "Alien Nation: FBI Agents battle unearthly Boogeymen in the 'The X-Files'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
178.Jump up ^ "Lifting the lid on the X-Files". Virgin Media. January 30, 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
179.Jump up ^ JJB. "The X-Files: The Complete Second Season". The DVD Journal. Retrieved February 12, 2012.
180.Jump up ^ IGN Staff (December 7, 2000). "X-Files Season Two Gift Pack". IGN. News Corporation. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
181.Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (July 4, 2010). "The Blessing Way/Paper Clip/DPO". The A.V. Club. The Onion. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
182.^ Jump up to: a b Sauter, Michael (May 14, 2002). "The X-Files: The Complete Fifth Season". Entertainment Weekly. Time, Inc. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
183.Jump up ^ Dass, Francis (April 20, 2000). "A Late 'X-Files' Collection". New Straits Times (New Straits Times Press). Retrieved July 29, 2010
184.^ Jump up to: a b Parks, Jo-Ann (January 2000). "What's Ailing The X-Files". Space.com. TechMediaNetwork. Archived from the original on September 1, 2005. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
185.^ Jump up to: a b c Adams, Sam; et al (May 7, 2012). "One Bad Apple... We Can Live With That: 31 Rotten Parts of Otherwise Fantastic Wholes". The A.V. Club. The Onion. Retrieved May 19, 2012.
186.Jump up ^ Cressey, Earl (November 5, 2002). "X-Files: Season Six". Internet Brands. Retrieved March 14, 2012.
187.Jump up ^ "A Look Back on Some of the Best Stand-Alone Episodes From the X-Files Series". Vancouver Sun (Postmedia Network Inc.). July 25, 2008. Retrieved August 9, 2009.
188.Jump up ^ Mink, Eric (February 12, 2000). "'X Files' Boldy Goes Thru 7th Season". New York Daily News (Mortimer Zuckerman). Retrieved December 7, 2011.
189.Jump up ^ H. Sturgis, Amy. "The X-Files—Season 8". Revolution Science Fiction. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
190.Jump up ^ Polonowonski, Collin (March 25, 2004). "The X-Files: Season 8". DVD Times. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
191.Jump up ^ Hassenger, Jesse (November 4, 2003). "The X-Files: The Complete Eight Season". PopMatters. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
192.Jump up ^ Parker, Sabadino (May 15, 2002). "I Don't Believe It". PopMatters. Retrieved August 3, 2009.
193.Jump up ^ "The Nearly Ex Files". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). October 10, 2002. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
194.Jump up ^ Linder, Brian (January 18, 2001). "X-Files Exits After 9 Seasons". IGN (News Corporation). Retrieved August 17, 2009.
195.^ Jump up to: a b "Advanced Primetime Awards Search – The X-Files". Emmys.com (Academy of Television Arts & Sciences). Retrieved July 10, 2009.
196.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, p. 241.
197.^ Jump up to: a b c d "HFPA – Award Search – X-Files, The". GoldenGlobes.org. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Retrieved January 25, 2012.
198.Jump up ^ For information regarding show award nominations and wins, see: Lowry 1995, p. 257
Lowry 1996, pp. 253–257
Meisler 1998, p. 296
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Meisler 2000, p. 292
Shapiro 2001, p. 280
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200.Jump up ^ Gumbel andrew (March 28, 2008). "Mystery Over Big-Screen Return of 'The X-Files'". The Independent (London: Independent Print Limited). Archived from the original on March 31, 2008. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
201.^ Jump up to: a b c Millman, Joyce (May 19, 2005). "The Nearly Ex Files". The New York Times publisher=The New York Times Company.
202.Jump up ^ Whitehead, Jayson (May 6, 2002). "Anybody Can Rule". Gadfly Online. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
203.^ Jump up to: a b c Davis, Rachel Leibrock (July 25–31, 1996). "The X-Phile Facts". Metroactive (Metro Newspapers). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
204.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Scodari, Christine; Felder, Jenna L. (2000). "Creating a Pocket Universe: 'Shippers', Fan Fiction and The X-Files Online". Communication Studies. Archived from the original on September 13, 2012.
205.Jump up ^ Sarah R. Wakefield. "'Your Sister in St. Scully': An Electronic Community of Female Fans of The X-Files—Critical Essay." Journal of Popular Film and Television, Fall 2001.
206.Jump up ^ Lavery 1995, pp. 36–51.
207.Jump up ^ Bianculli, David (March 6, 1995). "X Hits Spot in Comics, Too". The New York Daily News (Daily News, L.P.). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
208.Jump up ^ Renaud, Jeffrey (June 12, 2008). "Spotnitz Wants to Believe in Wildstorm's "The X-Files Special"". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
209.Jump up ^ O'Donnel, Maureen (June 25, 1997) "UFO Lore Alive in Chicago Area". Chicago Sun-Times (Sun-Times Media Group). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
210.Jump up ^ Sarrett, Peter (1997). "X-Files CCG". Gamereport. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
211.Jump up ^ Baxter, Steve (June 19, 1998). "Computer X-Files: The Game is Out There". CNN (Turner Broadcasting System, Inc). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
212.Jump up ^ Flaherty, Mike (April 10, 1998). "The X-Files: Unrestricted Access". Entertainment Weekly (Time, Inc). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
213.Jump up ^ McNamara, John (June 26, 2004). "X-Files: Resist or Serve". Time (London: Time, Inc). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
214.Jump up ^ "The X Files Collectible Card Game – Premiere Edition Starter / Theme Deck (Random)". Amazon.com. Retrieved December 5, 2012.
215.Jump up ^ Wertheimer, Ron (March 8, 1999). "Television Review: Caught in the Trap Of Science Run Amok". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
216.Jump up ^ Caryn, James (September 3, 1996). "A Virus That Speaks Of a Deadly World Plot". The New York Times (The New York Times Company). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
217.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Moore, Trent (February 21, 2012). "13 Supernatural TV Series That (Lovingly) Ripped Off the X-Files". Blastr. SyFy. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
218.Jump up ^ Bonin, Liane (August 14, 2000). "NBC's Only New Hit May Go to Another Network". Entertainment Weekly (Time Inc). Retrieved July 27, 2009.
219.^ Jump up to: a b "Throwdown! 22 Pop-Culture Fights". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. August 9, 2008. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
220.Jump up ^ Faraci, Devin (January 6, 2011). "It’s Time To Bring Back Dark Skies, The X-Files Meets Mad Men Show". Badass Digest. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
221.Jump up ^ Surette, Tim (May 12, 2009). "'Fringe vs. The X-Files vs. Reality'". TV.com. CBS Interactive. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
222.Jump up ^ MacKenzie, Carina Adly (November 17, 2010). "'Supernatural's Very 'X-Files' Moment: The Truth is in There". Zap2it. Retrieved April 4, 2012.
223.Jump up ^ Goldberg, Harold (September 19, 2007). "Is Eleventh Hour The New X-Files?". AMC TV. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
224.Jump up ^ Rosen, Steven (September 13, 2005). "'Bones,' From the Heap of Tired Ideas". Media Life Magazine. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
225.Jump up ^ Burrell, Ian (October 17, 2005). "BBC to Screen 'Dr Who For Adults' as New Spin-Off Show". The Independent (London: Independent Print Limited). Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved August 1, 2009.
226.Jump up ^ "Captain Jack to Get His Own Series in New Russell T Davies Drama for BBC Three". BBC. November 17, 2005. Retrieved August 1, 2009.
227.Jump up ^ Rawson-Jones, Ben. "Buffy The Vampire Slayer". BBC. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
228.Jump up ^ Steven Dean Moore (director); Reid Harrison (writer). "The Springfield Files". The Simpsons. Season 8. Episode 10. Fox.
229.Jump up ^ Ditum, Nathan (March 29, 2009). "The 20 Best Simpsons Movie-Star Guest Spots". Total Film. Retrieved August 6, 2009.
230.Jump up ^ Meehan 2005, p. 115.
231.Jump up ^ Lyons, Robert (June 24, 2011). "Book Review: Star Trek: Department of Temporal Investigations: Watching the Clock". TrekMovie.com. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
232.Jump up ^ Rawson-Jones, Ben (October 30, 2006). "Cult Nostalgia: 'The X-Files' (1993–2002)". Digital Spy (Hearst Magazines UK). Retrieved August 18, 2009.
233.Jump up ^ Freydkin, Donna (July 27, 1999). "Sharp Owes Her Fame to a Secret Agent Man". CNN Entertainment. Time Warner. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
234.Jump up ^ "Bree Sharp Taking 'David Duchovny' To Lilith Fair". VH1 News. VH1. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
235.Jump up ^ Roeper, Richard (August 16, 1999). "This Musical Confection Holds Your Attention". Chicago Sun-Times (Sun-Times Media Group). Retrieved October 15, 2012. (subscription required)
236.Jump up ^ "Smithsonian Wants to Believe! National Museum of American History Acquires X-Files Collection". National Museum of American History. July 16, 2008. Archived from the original on June 30, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
237.Jump up ^ Keck, William (July 29, 2013). "A Very Special X-Files Reunion". TV Guide. p. 6.
Bibliography[edit]
Delsara, Jan (2000). PopLit, PopCult and The X-Files: A Critical Exploration. McFarland. ISBN 9780786407897.
Duncan, Jody (1998). The Making of The X-Files Movie. HarperPrism. ISBN 9780061073168.
Edwards, Ted (1996). X-Files Confidential. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 9780316218085.
Gradnitzer, Louisa; Pittson, Todd (1999). X Marks the Spot: On Location with The X-Files. Arsenal Pulp Press. ISBN 9781551520667.
Hurwitz, Matt; Knowles, Chris (2008). The Complete X-Files. Insight Editions. ISBN 9781933784724.
Kessenich, Tom (2002). Examinations: An Unauthorized Look at Seasons 6–9 of "The X-Files". New York, US: Trafford Publishing. ISBN 9781553698128.
Kowalski, ed. (2007). "Freedom and Worldviews in The X-Files". The Philosophy of The X-files. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813124544.
Lavery, David (1995). Deny All Knowledge: Reading the X-Files. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 9780815604075.
Lovece, Frank (1996). The X-Files Declassified. Citadel Press. ISBN 9780806517452.
Lowry, Brian (1995). The Truth is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. ISBN 9780061053306.
Lowry, Brian (1996). Trust No One: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. ISBN 9780061053535.
Meehan, Eileen R. (November 3, 2005). Why TV Is Not Our Fault: Television Programming, Viewers and Who's Really in Control. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780742524866.
Meisler, Andy (2000). The End and the Beginning: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 5. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780061075957.
Meisler, Andy (1999). Resist or Serve: The Official Guide to The X-Files, Vol. 4. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780061073090
Meisler, Andy (1998). I Want to Believe: The Official Guide to the X-Files, Vol. 3. Perennial Currents. ISBN 9780061053863
Niles, Steve; Jones, Adam (2010). The X-Files/30 Days of Night. IDW. ISBN 9781401231781.
Shapiro, Marc (2001). All Things: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 6. Harper Prism. ISBN 9780061076114.
External links[edit]
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to The X-Files.

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List of The X-Files characters

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The following is a list of characters in The X-Files. The X-Files is an American science fiction television series, first broadcast in September 1993, and followed by two feature films—The X-Files and The X-Files: I Want to Believe. These characters defined the series' overarching mythology, or fictional history, and appeared in a range of episodes across several seasons.
For series' first seven seasons, the protagonists were FBI Special Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson). A supporting cast of secondary protagonists was gradually introduced, with the agents' direct superior Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi), conspiracy theorists The Lone Gunmen (Tom Braidwood, Dean Haglund and Bruce Harwood) and secretive informants Deep Throat (Jerry Hardin) and X (Steven Williams) forming a core of recurring characters. Following Duchovny's departure from the series, actor Robert Patrick was introduced in the eighth season as the replacement character John Doggett, who was later accompanied by Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish) in the ninth and final season.
Although the series initially lacked a recognizable antagonist, this role was eventually filled by The Smoking Man (William B. Davis) and the shadowy Syndicate. Syndicate member Alex Krycek (Nicholas Lea) was introduced in the second season as a partner for Mulder to fill in while Anderson was pregnant, growing to become a recurring villain appearing in all subsequent seasons.
Characters who had a lesser degree of importance on the series can be found at List of minor The X-Files characters, while characters who had no bearing on the overarching storyline can be found at List of Monster-of-the-Week characters in The X-Files.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Main characters 1.1 Fox Mulder
1.2 Dana Scully
1.3 John Doggett
1.4 Monica Reyes
1.5 Walter Skinner
2 Federal Bureau of Investigation characters 2.1 Brad Follmer
2.2 Diana Fowley
2.3 Alvin Kersh
2.4 Jeffrey Spender
3 The Lone Gunmen 3.1 John Fitzgerald Byers
3.2 Melvin Frohike
3.3 Richard Langly
4 Syndicate characters 4.1 Marita Covarrubias
4.2 Deep Throat
4.3 First Elder
4.4 Alex Krycek
4.5 Knowle Rohrer
4.6 The Smoking Man
4.7 Well-Manicured Man
4.8 X
5 Footnotes 5.1 References

Main characters[edit]
Fox Mulder[edit]
Main article: Fox Mulder
Fox Mulder (seasons 1–7 main, seasons 8–9 recurring) is portrayed by David Duchovny. Mulder is an FBI special agent who believes in the existence of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and a government conspiracy to hide or deny the truth regarding such craft. Mulder and his partner Dana Scully work in the FBI's X-Files office, which is concerned with cases with particularly mysterious or possibly supernatural circumstances that were marked as unsolvable and shelved by the FBI. Mulder considers the X-Files and the truth behind the supposed conspiracy so important that he has made their study the main purpose of his life. After his abduction by aliens at the end of season seven, he is replaced on the X-Files by Agent John Doggett. Mulder appeared in an episode of The Lone Gunmen and both The X-Files feature films.
Dana Scully[edit]
Main article: Dana Scully
Dana Scully (seasons 1–9 main) is portrayed by Gillian Anderson. Scully is an FBI special agent partnered with Agent Fox Mulder. Together they work out of the cramped basement office at FBI headquarters in Washington, D.C. to investigate unsolved cases labeled "X-Files". In contrast to Fox Mulder's credulous "believer" character, Scully was a skeptic, choosing to base her beliefs on what science can prove. However, as the series progressed she became more open to the possibility of paranormal happenings. In season eight she was assigned a new partner, Agent John Doggett, after Mulder is abducted by aliens. Later in the same season she leaves the X-Files office, to be replaced by Agent Monica Reyes. She has appeared in both The X-Files feature films.
John Doggett[edit]
Main article: John Doggett
John Doggett (seasons 8–9 main) is portrayed by Robert Patrick. Doggett is an FBI special agent who makes his first appearance in the season 8 premier, "Within". Doggett served in the United States Military during the 1970s–80s. Later he joined the New York Police Department and was eventually promoted to the rank of detective. After his son's death, Dogget took a job in the FBI working in the Criminal Investigations Division. In 2000, Alvin Kersh assigned him to the X-Files office as Dana Scully's partner after an unsuccessful task force attempt to find missing agent Fox Mulder in "Without". He did not appear in either of The X-Files feature films.
Monica Reyes[edit]
Main article: Monica Reyes
Monica Reyes (season 8 recurring, season 9 main) is portrayed by Annabeth Gish. Reyes is an FBI special agent who was born and raised in Mexico City, Mexico, where her parents still reside (as of 2002). Because she was raised in Mexico, Reyes speaks fluent Spanish. She majored in folklore and mythology at Brown University, and has a Masters degree in Religious Studies. In 1990, Reyes enrolled in the FBI at Quantico, Virginia. Her first assignment in the FBI was serving on a special task force investigating satanic rituals. She is a longtime friend of Agent John Doggett and serves as his replacement partner on the X-Files after the departure of Agent Dana Scully. Reyes was last seen in the New Mexico desert in 2002, where she warns Mulder and Scully of the arrival of Knowle Rohrer. She did not appear in either of The X-Files feature films.
Walter Skinner[edit]
Main article: Walter Skinner
Walter Skinner (seasons 1–8 recurring, season 9 main) is portrayed by Mitch Pileggi. Skinner is an FBI assistant director who served in the United States Marine Corps in the Vietnam War. During this time he shot and killed a young boy carrying explosives, an episode which scarred him for life. Skinner is originally the direct supervisor of Special Agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully, and the X-Files office. He later serves the same position for Agents John Doggett and Monica Reyes. Although he is originally portrayed as a somewhat malevolent character, Skinner eventually becomes a close friend of Mulder and Scully. He appeared in an episode of The Lone Gunmen and both The X-Files feature films.
Federal Bureau of Investigation characters[edit]
Brad Follmer[edit]
Main article: Brad Follmer
Brad D. Follmer is portrayed by Cary Elwes. Follmer was an assistant director at the FBI. He had a romantic history with Monica Reyes that he brought up while trying to keep her away from the X-files. His true motives were more political in nature and part of his sycophancy to Alvin Kersh. He did not believe in the X-files and deliberately showed disrespect to John Doggett by calling him "Mr. Doggett" instead of "Agent".[1][2][3]
In 2002, new evidence concerning the murder of Luke Doggett came to light. John Doggett sought Follmer's assistance because he had worked on organized crime in New York City before coming to Washington. Reyes, however, recalled seeing Follmer accept a bribe from a mobster. Although he had convincingly claimed he was only paying an informant, the truth was as Reyes suspected: Follmer was crooked. Once the truth of Luke's fate was revealed, Follmer shot and killed the mobster who had nevertheless threatened to blackmail him concerning his bribe acceptance. Follmer's future at the FBI was left unresolved, although he would have likely faced criminal charges for his actions.[4]
Diana Fowley[edit]
Diana Fowley is an FBI agent played by Mimi Rogers and first appeared in the fifth season finale "The End".[5] In keeping with the show's history of ambiguity, Fowley's motivations were never explained, although many viewers assumed her to be deeply associated with the Syndicate conspirators and working against Special Agent Fox Mulder in his pursuit of the truth within the X-Files.[6] An old fling of Agent Mulder, additional tension was generated on the show and amongst viewers because of a perceived rekindling of her former close personal relationship with agent Mulder and the possibility of Fowley coming between him and his trusted partner, Special Agent Dana Scully.[5]
The character of Diana Fowley subsequently vanished during "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati". Her absence was explained by Agent Scully stating, "Diana Fowley was found murdered this morning", although her death was not witnessed.[7]
Alvin Kersh[edit]
Main article: Alvin Kersh
Deputy Director Alvin D. Kersh is played by James Pickens, Jr. Kersh was a Navy A-6 Intruder weapons officer during the Vietnam War. He is known for using the same instincts that served him as an aviator in the military to guide his career in the FBI.[8]
As an Assistant Director, he temporarily became supervisor to Agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully when they were assigned away from the X-Files division.[9] During this time, the Cigarette Smoking Man could be seen in his office, reminiscent of his silent presence in Walter Skinner's office in earlier seasons.[10] Kersh assigned Mulder and Scully mostly to menial tasks, such as terrorist details and Federal background checks. When they did investigate an X-File behind his back, Kersh would charge them for expenses they incurred on the case, forcing them to pay out of their own pocket.[11] He also attempted to separate Mulder and Scully, believing that Mulder threw away a promising career as a criminal profiler, but that Scully's career could still be saved.[12]
When Mulder and Scully were reassigned to the X-Files Section, Kersh continued to climb the ladder, culminating in an assignment as Deputy Director. It was not long after his promotion that Mulder was abducted by aliens. Kersh assigned John Doggett to run the manhunt for Mulder.[8] When Mulder returned, Kersh refused to assign him to the X-Files, keeping Doggett in that position.[13] When Mulder and Doggett pursued an unauthorized case, Kersh was prepared to fire them both, but Mulder accepted full responsibility and was dismissed from the FBI.[14] Shortly thereafter, Mulder disappeared again, and Doggett brought in Monica Reyes to help him investigate Kersh's involvement in the conspiracy surrounding Mulder's disappearance. The investigation turned up nothing. Although Doggett seemed convinced that Kersh was involved in the conspiracy, Kersh insisted that he was actually protecting Mulder.[15]
During the ninth season, the Toothpick Man, a key conspirator, could be seen in the company of Kersh, much like Cigarette Smoking Man before. In the end, Kersh showed a heroic side when during the series finale, he helped Doggett and Skinner free Mulder from a military prison. Following this, Kersh had to permanently close the X-Files to appease his irate superiors.[16] The X-Files are still officially closed when Mulder consults with the FBI 6 years later when FBI Agent Monica Bannon goes missing, however, Kersh is noticeably absent.[17]
Jeffrey Spender[edit]
Main article: Jeffrey Spender
Jeffrey Frank Spender is portrayed by Chris Owens. Spender was a skeptic who was assigned to The X-Files after Fox Mulder's forced leave. Spender is the son of the Cigarette Smoking Man (also known as C. G. B. Spender, or CSM) and his ex-wife, multiple abductee Cassandra Spender. Heavily involved in the Syndicate at that time, CSM abandoned the family when Spender was 12 years old.[18] Subsequently, his mother was driven insane by what she claims were multiple alien abductions.[18] Shortly after Samantha Mulder was abducted and then returned, Jeffrey and Samantha were raised together by his father in California.[19] Spender met Agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully in 1998. That same year CSM began sending him letters, however Spender would return them unopened.[18] After his father set fire to the X-Files in "The End", Spender and Agent Diana Fowley start working on the X-Files.[5] Spender receives orders from CSM to push Mulder and Scully to be fired from the FBI, which he eventually does in "Two Fathers".[6] Later on he reinstates Mulder and Scully to the X-Files but appears to be shot in the head and killed by his father in "One Son".[20]
Three years later, it is revealed in "William" that Spender survived the gunshot, but was subjected to horribly disfiguring experiments at the hands of his father. Posing as Mulder, he infiltrated Scully's house, and injected William with a magnetite substance to seemingly "cure" the baby of his telekinetic powers. The motivation or repercussions of his actions are never fully explained.[21] He testified for the defense during Mulder's murder trial in "The Truth" where he revealed that Teena Mulder had an affair with CSM, and that he and Fox Mulder are half-brothers. A DNA test conducted on a disfigured Spender in the episode "William" initially led agents Scully, Doggett and Reyes to believe he was Fox Mulder thus lending further credence to Spender's claim that both he and Mulder are the children of the Cigarette Smoking Man.[16]
The Lone Gunmen[edit]
Main article: The Lone Gunmen
John Fitzgerald Byers[edit]
John Fitzgerald Byers is portrayed by Bruce Harwood. Byers was born in Sterling, Virginia on November 22, 1963, the day John F. Kennedy was assassinated, and was named after the fallen president – his parents were originally planning to name him Bertram after his father. Byers idolized his namesake, but always had suspicions about the real cause of his death.[22]
Byers worked as a public affairs officer for the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in Baltimore until May 1989. At this time he met Susanne Modeski at a consumer electronics show in Baltimore and instantly fell in love with her. Initially lying about her identity to him, she revealed herself to be a scientist working for the Army Advanced Weapons facility and appealed to him for help in stopping one of her developments – a gas causing fear and paranoia – from being used by the military on innocent civilians. Enlisting the help of Melvin Frohike and Richard Langly, who were also at the electronics show, they succeeded in helping Modeski, although she was later kidnapped. Modeski had awakened a desire in all three of them to uncover the truth, which subsequently led to the formation and publication of The Lone Gunmen newsletter, providing information on government cover-ups and conspiracy theories.[22]
Byers appears to have some working knowledge of medicine, genetics and chemistry; he is able to interpret DNA strands, instantly informing Fox Mulder that Dana Scully’s blood had been tampered with in "One Breath".[23] All three of the Lone Gunmen died in the X-Files episode "Jump the Shark", sacrificing themselves to save thousands from a terrorist created plague by using fire doors to seal themselves in a closed hallway with the man carrying the plague. Walter Skinner pulled some strings and arranged for them to be interred at Arlington National Cemetery as tribute to their brave deeds.[24]
Melvin Frohike[edit]
Melvin Frohike is portrayed by Tom Braidwood. Frohike was born circa 1953 in Pontiac, Michigan. Prior to joining The Lone Gunmen, he was an acclaimed tango dancer in Miami. On giving up the tango, he toured the country with hippies before founding Frohike Electronics Corp., specializing in cable pirating hardware.[25]
In 1989 at a consumer electronics show in Baltimore, where his company had a trade stand, he met John Fitzgerald Byers and Richard Langly and they subsequently formed a group publishing The Lone Gunmen newsletter.[22] Frohike has a deep attraction for Dana Scully. In his first appearance he was taking photographs of Scully, ogling her and calling her “tasty”. Whilst this attraction seemed rather lustful at first, he has shown genuine affection for Scully (and Fox Mulder) on numerous occasions, being the first person to bring her flowers after she returned from her abduction in the episode "One Breath".[23][26] All three of the Lone Gunmen died in the X-Files episode "Jump the Shark". They intentionally lock themselves in a closed hallway with a man carrying a terrorist created plague saving thousands. Walter Skinner arranges for them to be interred at Arlington National Cemetery.[24]
Richard Langly[edit]
Richard “Ringo” Langly is portrayed by Dean Haglund. Langly was born circa 1968/69 in Saltville, Nebraska. He showed an aptitude for computers from an early age, which was frowned upon by his parents.[27] In 1989 he met Melvin Frohike and John Fitzgerald Byers at a consumer electronics show in Baltimore, and they subsequently formed a group publishing The Lone Gunmen newsletter. Langly wears thick black-rimmed glasses, heavy metal and punk T-shirts (favoring The Ramones in particular) and jeans. He has long, blond hair (which sometimes leads to him being mistaken for a girl) and bears a striking resemblance to Garth Algar from Wayne's World. He idolizes Joey Ramone in particular.[22]
Langly is The Lone Gunmen’s expert in computers, hacking and programming. He is possibly the most paranoid of the Gunmen, taping all incoming phone calls, including those from Fox Mulder. All three of the Lone Gunmen died in the X-Files episode "Jump the Shark", sacrificing themselves to save thousands from a terrorist created plague by using fire doors to seal themselves in a closed hallway with the man carrying the plague. Walter Skinner pulled some strings and arranged for them to be interred at Arlington National Cemetery as tribute to their brave deeds.[24]
Syndicate characters[edit]
Marita Covarrubias[edit]
Main article: Marita Covarrubias

 

Laurie Holden portrayed Covarrubias in all of the character's appearances.
Marita Covarrubias is introduced as an informant to Mulder after the death of his former source, X. X scrawls the letters "SRSG" in his own blood as he dies, leading Mulder to the Special Representative to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.[28][29] However, it is later seen that Covarrubias is working for The Smoking Man and the Syndicate.[30][31] The Syndicate later discovered that Covarrubias had betrayed them and was providing information to Mulder. As a result, Syndicate scientists infected her with black oil in order to test a vaccine they had been working to create.[32][33] A cured Covarrubias later makes contact with Krycek at the behest of The Smoking Man, who wishes to resume the work of the now-eradicated Syndicate. However, Covarrubias and Krycek betray The Smoking Man and leave him for dead.[34] In the series finale "The Truth", Skinner seeks Covarrubias as a witness in Mulder's trial for murder. She is called upon to testify, and speaks about her involvement with the Syndicate. However, when pressed for further information about the continuation of the conspiracy she clams up, and at Mulder's request is dismissed from the stand for fear that if she divulges certain knowledge, she would be killed.[16]
The character of Marita Covarrubias was portrayed by Laurie Holden in all her appearances. When auditioning for the role, Holden was not allowed access to an episode script, instead simply being told that her character worked for the United Nations and had an air of "intelligent seriousness".[35] Writer Frank Spotnitz has described Covarrubias as "young, attractive, vital [and] dangerous" compared to the other characters working for the Syndicate.[36] Holden has compared the character to Mata Hari, adding that "you can't really read what she's saying or what her intentions are".[35] Robert Shearman and Lars Pearson, in their book Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen, felt that the character was "used so perfunctorily since her introduction" that her appearances added little to the episodes she featured in, describing her as a "bad parody" of the earlier characters Deep Throat and X.[37]
Deep Throat[edit]
Main article: Deep Throat (The X-Files)
Deep Throat was the first of Mulder's informants, leaking information to him to aid his investigations. As a member of the then-unseen Syndicate, he was in a position to know a great deal of information. Deep Throat felt that the truth the Syndicate kept secret from the public needed to be known, and believed Mulder to be the one person capable of exposing this knowledge.[38][39] However, he believed the public was just not ready to know some truths.[26][40] In the first season finale of The X-Files, "The Erlenmeyer Flask", Mulder was taken hostage following his investigation into an alien-human hybrid program. Fearing for Mulder's life, Deep Throat helped Scully gain access to a high containment facility, where she managed to secretly remove an alien fetus for use as collateral in saving Mulder. In the subsequent meeting between the operatives and Deep Throat, he was gunned down by an assassin.[41][42] The character later appeared in dreams and visions experienced by Mulder during his recuperation on a Navajo reservation,[43][44] and again years later while being experimented on by The Smoking Man.[45]
Deep Throat was inspired by the historical Deep Throat,[46] FBI Associate Director Mark Felt.[47] Also cited as an influence on the fictional Deep Throat was X, the character portrayed by Donald Sutherland in the 1991 Oliver Stone film JFK.[46] The character was intended to bridge the gap between Mulder and Scully and the shadowy conspirators who were working against them; and was conceived as someone "who works in some level of government that we have no idea exists".[46] Jerry Hardin was cast as Deep Throat based on his role in 1993's The Firm.[48] Hardin's performance has been cited as "the spine of the series",[49] and his portrayal of the character has been met with positive reviews from critics.[50][51][52]
First Elder[edit]
The First Elder is portrayed by Don S. Williams. He was a high-ranking member of the Syndicate. His exact position in the Syndicate was unclear, especially in regard to the Well Manicured Man, though at times he seemed higher-ranking than the Smoking Man. He contacted Scully in person while Mulder pursued evidence of an alien autopsy on a train.[53] He also obtained photographs taken by X of a meeting between The Smoking Man and Teena Mulder as proof that one of the Smoking Man's henchmen was a traitor. The First Elder set up a trap to reveal the identity of the traitor and dispatched an assassin to kill him. X fell for the trap and was executed.[28]
After Mulder shot Department of Defense agent Scott Ostlehoff in his head to obscure his identity, Mulder and Scully used the situation to effectively fake Mulder's death. CSM spoke with the First Elder at a horse track about Mulder's death, which CSM saw as unfortunate and unhelpful. However, the fact that Mulder was alive soon became known to both men, upon which the First Elder ordered one of his operatives to carry out a specific task. The operative followed CSM as he tried to recruit Mulder to work with the Syndicate, watching their movements through the scope of a sniper rifle. Shortly after the discovery of Scott Blevins' betrayal, the First Elder's operative shot CSM, who had been holding a photograph of Mulder and his sister.[54] He was killed along with the rest of the Syndicate by a group of Alien rebels in 1999.[20]
Alex Krycek[edit]
Main article: Alex Krycek
Alex Krycek is portrayed by Nicholas Lea. Krycek is a Russian-American who makes his first appearance in the season two episode "Sleepless", where Krycek, a young FBI special agent, is assigned as a temporary investigation partner to Fox Mulder. Krycek proceeds to work with Mulder and attempts to gain his trust.[55]
However, it later becomes evident that Krycek is actually an undercover agent working for the Cigarette Smoking Man.[55] Krycek plays an important part in several events that are harmful to Mulder and Dana Scully: he assists in Scully's abduction, and murders Mulder's father, Bill Mulder.[56] Krycek also assaults Assistant Director Walter Skinner and acquires a secret tape from him which reveals a US government coverup regarding alien visits to Earth. After a botched murder attempt on Scully results in the death of her sister, the Cigarette Smoking Man attempts to kill Krycek with a car bomb, but Krycek escapes.[57] He lies low in Hong Kong for a short period, selling secrets acquired from the tape until he is found, beaten and apprehended by Mulder who takes him back to the US. Unbeknown to him, Krycek is under the control of an alien organism and he escapes Mulder before he is taken to a missile silo in North Dakota by the Cigarette Smoking Man. Having ejected the alien influence into an alien craft, he is left locked in a missile bay, screaming and banging on the door.
When escaping a gulag in Russia, where Krycek pursues a mysterious rock, his left arm is amputated to prevent some experiments on him.[58] Later in the series, Krycek can be seen switching sides as it suits him, occasionally helping Mulder, Cigarette Smoking Man and other people. He attempted to blackmail Skinner by infecting him with lethal nanotechnology,[59] but ended up being thrown into a Tunisian prison when the Cigarette Smoking Man discovered that Krycek had stolen an alien artifact from him. In the last season 7 episode, "Requiem", Krycek tries and fails to kill the wheelchair-bound Cigarette Smoking Man by throwing him down a flight of stairs.[34] Later, when Mulder was abducted by aliens and returned in a deathlike state, Krycek attempts to again blackmail Skinner, with the means to save Mulder's life. Skinner refuses, and Krycek has a violent confrontation with John Doggett before escaping.[13] In the last season 8 episode, "Existence", Krycek is shot between the eyes and killed by Skinner during an unsuccessful attempt to kill Mulder.[15] Krycek's ghost briefly showed up to help Mulder escape a military base in the series finale.[16]
Knowle Rohrer[edit]

 

Adam Baldwin, who played the super soldier Knowle Rohrer.
Knowle Rohrer is portrayed by Adam Baldwin. He served alongside Sergeant John Doggett in the U.S. Marine Corps with the 24th Marine Amphibious Unit in Beirut, Lebanon. Doggett and Rohrer were friends, but lost touch when Rohrer and Shannon McMahon were taken out of their company to be the first people transformed into Super Soldiers, a new type of alien-human hybrid intended by the alien Colonists as replacements for normal humans.[60]
Knowle reached the rank of Master Sergeant and continued on with his military career by joining the Department of Defense. The work he did there is unknown, but it is safe to assume that he was involved in classified operations. When Doggett became assigned to the X-Files, he re-established contact with Rohrer.[60][61] Doggett became suspicious of Rohrer when information was given to him from Rohrer that got a man killed, but it was not until Doggett saw Rohrer meet with Alex Krycek that he realized Rohrer was a member of the conspiracy.[15]
In "Nothing Important Happened Today II", he is decapitated by fellow Super Soldier, Shannon McMahon, but owing to his hybrid abilities, manages to then impale her with his arm, and they both fall into a water reservoir, presumably both now dead.[1]
However in the series finale, "The Truth", it is revealed that he survived, when Mulder breaks into Mount Weather. Rohrer chases down Mulder, and in the ensuing scuffle, Rohrer plummets onto some power lines. Mulder is then taken into military custody and put on trial for Rohrer's supposed death. Eventually, Mulder breaks out with the help of Alvin Kersh, and with Dana Scully, headed to New Mexico for a final confrontation with the Cigarette Smoking Man, whom he discovered was still alive. Doggett and Monica Reyes went after Mulder and Scully to warn them that the conspirators knew where they were. Rohrer, alive and well, followed, intending to kill them all (including the Cigarette Smoking Man, who had long since outlived his usefulness to the conspiracy). However, as he approached Doggett and Reyes in the New Mexican desert, Rohrer died from exposure to magnetite. It turned out that the Cigarette Smoking Man figured out that magnetite killed the Super Soldiers, and consequently chose to hide in a pueblo saturated with it.[16]
The Smoking Man[edit]
Main article: The Smoking Man
C.G.B. Spender, best known as the Cigarette Smoking Man and Cancer Man, is portrayed by William B. Davis, and serves as the main antagonist of the series. In Spender's first appearance, he oversaw Dana Scully's debriefing and disposed of her evidence in the show's pilot episode, and eventually developed into the series' primary antagonist. The character is known initially only by this nickname because he is almost always seen chain-smoking Morley Cigarettes, and is usually surrounded by clouds of smoke. In the first seasons of the show, he was usually present in Walter Skinner's office, which was often a sign to discredit Fox Mulder's work on the X-Files.[62]
He is involved in the Syndicate, a shadow organization within the United States government that exists to hide the fact that aliens are visiting Earth from the public. Spender is the leader of the Men in Black (MIB) in the series.[41] In the season 6 two-part episodes "Two Fathers" and "One Son" it is learned that his birthname or alias is C.G.B. Spender and was formerly married to Cassandra Spender, with whom he had a son, Jeffrey Frank Spender. Diana Fowley is revealed to be a subordinate of his; together, they escape the annihilation of the Syndicate. His confidence in Jeffrey falters after a failed assassination attempt and later on Jeffrey's betrayal, he confronts his son and apparently kills him.[6][20] The episodes also presented further evidence suggesting that he is Mulder's father. Eventually, Fowley also splits from him, which leads to her death. After the fall of the Syndicate, Smoking Man has no more fellow conspirators who can match his power, so he begins to operate as he wishes.[7] However, his cancer resurfaces and he requires the use of a wheelchair. At the end of the 7th season, Alex Krycek and Marita Covarrubias betray him and throw him down a flight of stairs, where they presumed him dead.[34]
Through the 9th season, he was presumed dead until Jeffrey Spender appeared in "William". It is learned that his attempted murder on his son failed which led him to subject his son to terrible experiments. In this very same episode it is revealed that he is Mulder's biological father.[21] In the series finale, Mulder and Scully travel through remote New Mexico, and reach a pueblo where a "wise man" reputedly lives. It is in fact the Smoking Man. He is shown to be in the same condition as when he disappeared, but has degenerated further and is now quite unkempt. He has a shock of long white hair, and living a primitive life in hiding from the New Syndicate. He reveals to Mulder and Scully all he has left to tell, including the fact that the aliens are scheduled to invade in 2012. Shortly after he is killed by a missile shot from a helicopter ordered by Knowle Rohrer.[16]
Well-Manicured Man[edit]
Main article: Well-Manicured Man
The Well-Manicured Man is a British member of the Syndicate. An Englishman, he is an important member, along with The Smoking Man and The Elder, and was a friend of Bill Mulder earlier in his life.[43][63] The Well-Manicured Man is instrumental in the Syndicate's secondary agenda, to develop a vaccination against the black oil used by the aliens as a means of mind control.[64][65][66] To this end, he works with Alex Krycek to develop a vaccine, eventually testing it—successfully—on Marita Covarrubias.[67][68]
In the 1998 feature film The X-Files, when Scully is infected with the black oil and taken to Antarctica, it is the Well-Manicured Man who, having grown disillusioned with the Syndicate, gives Mulder the coordinates needed to find her and a sample of the vaccine needed to cure Scully. The colonists had kept secret a secondary characteristic of the black oil—that those infected with it for prolonged periods would gestate a new colonist lifeform, killing the host. Upon discovering this, the Syndicate vowed to work more closely with the colonists in the hope of being spared this fate, while only the Well-Manicured Man wished to continue working on a vaccination for resistance. This rejection led to his betrayal of the Syndicate, and to him committing suicide by car bomb before his duplicity was discovered.[69]
The Well-Manicured Man was portrayed by John Neville in all his appearances. Conceived as the "voice of reason" within the Syndicate,[70] the character has been seen as representing an opposing viewpoint to that of The Smoking Man.[71] The character has been positively received by critics. MTV's Tami Katzoff has called him a "legendary TV character", noting his "moral ambivalence about the work of his shadow organization" and his ability to show "empathy for Mulder and Scully".[72] The San Francisco Chronicle's Bob Graham has praised Neville's portrayal of the character in the feature film, calling his expository monologue "a Wagnerian demonstration of the art of declamation".[73]
X[edit]
Main article: X (The X-Files)
X, sometimes referred to as Mr. X, serves as an informant to Mulder, replacing Deep Throat in this capacity. While X's loyalties and his own agenda were often unclear, he has more than once proven that he at least does not want Mulder dead. In the episode "End Game", he is approached by Scully, who pleads that she needs to know where Mulder is, believing his life to be in danger. X reluctantly gives her the information after a fight with Skinner.[74][75] In "731", X's loyalty to Mulder is further confirmed. Trapped on a train car equipped with a time bomb, Mulder is attacked by an assassin. X fatally shoots the assassin as he is about to step off the car, and boards with only enough time left to save either Mulder or the alien-human hybrid the car was transporting, opting to save Mulder.[76][77] In the season 4 opener "Herrenvolk", X's position as an informant is discovered by the Syndicate, and he is assassinated, but not before leading Mulder to his successor, Marita Covarrubias.[28][29] After his death, X appears two more times—in The Lone Gunmen origin story "Unusual Suspects," set before his death, and as a ghost in the series finale, "The Truth".[16][22][78]
X is portrayed in the series by Steven Williams, and made his début in the second season episode "The Host",[79][80] although the character would not appear on-screen until "Sleepless", two episodes later.[55][81] The role had originally been conceived as a female, with Natalija Nogulich cast in the role, however her initial scenes were deemed unsatisfactory by the producers, leading to her replacement.[82][83] Williams' portrayal of X was intended to introduce a personality completely different to the character's predecessor, Deep Throat,[84][85] and has been positively received by critics and fans.[86][87][88]
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Tony Wharmby. "Nothing Important Happened Today". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 2. Fox.
2.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Provenance". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 9. Fox.
3.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Providence". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 10. Fox.
4.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Release". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 17. Fox.
5.^ Jump up to: a b c R. W. Goodwin. "The End". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 20. Fox.
6.^ Jump up to: a b c Kim Manners. "Two Fathers". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 11. Fox.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Michael W. Watkins. "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 2. Fox.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Carter. "Within". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 1. Fox.
9.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Beginning". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 1. Fox.
10.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Triangle". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 3. Fox.
11.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Drive". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 2. Fox.
12.Jump up ^ Michael Watkins. "Tithonus". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 10. Fox.
13.^ Jump up to: a b Tony Wharmby. "Deadalive". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 15. Fox.
14.Jump up ^ Rod Hardy. "Vienen". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 18. Fox.
15.^ Jump up to: a b c Chris Carter. "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. Fox.
16.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox.
17.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "I Want to Believe". The X-Files. Episode 2. Fox.
18.^ Jump up to: a b c Chris Carter. "The Red and the Black". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 14. Fox.
19.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Closure". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 11. Fox.
20.^ Jump up to: a b c Rob Bowman. "One Son". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 12. Fox.
21.^ Jump up to: a b David Duchovny. "William". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 16. Fox.
22.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Kim Manners (director); Vince Gilligan (writer) (November 16, 1997). "Unusual Suspects". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 3. Fox.
23.^ Jump up to: a b R.W. Goodwin. "One Breath". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 8. Fox.
24.^ Jump up to: a b c Cliff Bole. "Jump the Shark". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 15. Fox.
25.Jump up ^ Bryan Spicer (director); Thomas Schnauz (writer). "Tango de los Pistoleros". The Lone Gunmen. Season 1. Episode 10. Fox.
26.^ Jump up to: a b William Graham (director); Glen Morgan & James Wong (writers) (February 18, 1994). "E.B.E.". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 17. Fox.
27.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Cap'n Toby Show". The Lone Gunmen. Season 4. Episode 8. Fox.
28.^ Jump up to: a b c R. W. Goodwin. "Herrenvolk". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 1. Fox.
29.^ Jump up to: a b Meisler (1998), pp. 19–25.
30.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (March 1, 1998). "Patient X". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 13. Fox.
31.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), pp.173–184
32.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (March 8, 1998). "The Red and the Black". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 14. Fox.
33.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), pp.187–196
34.^ Jump up to: a b c Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 21, 2000). "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. Fox.
35.^ Jump up to: a b Flaherty, Mike (April 25, 1997). ""X" and the Single Girl". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 1, 2012.
36.Jump up ^ Flaherty, Mike (September 22, 2000). "Apocalypse How? 'The X-Files' Explained". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 1, 2012.
37.Jump up ^ Shearman and Pearson, p. 102
38.Jump up ^ Larry Shaw (director); Howard Gordon & Alex Gansa (writers) (November 19, 1993). "Fallen Angel". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 9. Fox.
39.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 123–124
40.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 138–139
41.^ Jump up to: a b R.W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 13, 1994). "The Erlenmeyer Flask". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 24. Fox.
42.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 155–156
43.^ Jump up to: a b R.W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (September 22, 1995). "The Blessing Way". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 1. Fox.
44.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 231–233
45.Jump up ^ Michael Watkins (director); Chris Carter & David Duchovny (writers) (November 14, 1999). "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 2. Fox.
46.^ Jump up to: a b c Edwards, p. 37
47.Jump up ^ O'Connor, John D. (May 31, 2005). "I'm the Guy They Called Deep Throat | Politics". Vanity Fair. Retrieved December 30, 2011.
48.Jump up ^ Lovece, p. 27
49.Jump up ^ Lowry, p. 91
50.Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (August 8, 2008). ""Born Again/Roland/The Erlenmeyer Flask" | The X-Files/Millennium | TV Club | TV | The A.V. Club". The A.V. Club. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
51.Jump up ^ Rawson-Jones, Ben (April 21, 2007). "Cult Spy Icon #2: Deep Throat - 'The X Files' - US TV News". Digital Spy. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
52.Jump up ^ "The 'X-Files' Informant is Out There, Speaking on All Kinds of Levels". San Jose Mercury News. November 19, 1993. Retrieved April 30, 2011.
53.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "731". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 10. Fox.
54.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin & Kim Manners. "Redux". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 1 & 2. Fox.
55.^ Jump up to: a b c Rob Bowman. "Sleepless". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 4. Fox.
56.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin. "Anasazi". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 25. Fox.
57.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Paper Clip". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 2. Fox.
58.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Terma". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 9. Fox.
59.Jump up ^ Daniel Sackheim. "S.R. 819". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 9. Fox.
60.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "Per Manum". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 13. Fox.
61.Jump up ^ Tony Wharmby. "Three Words". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 16. Fox.
62.Jump up ^ Robert Mandel. "Pilot". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 1. Fox.
63.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 231–233
64.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (November 24, 1996). "Tunguska". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 8. Fox.
65.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writer) (December 1, 1996). "Terma". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 9. Fox.
66.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), pp.95–110
67.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (writer and director); Frank Spotnitz (writer) (March 8, 1998). "The Red and the Black". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 14. Fox.
68.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), pp.187–196
69.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (June 19, 1998). "The X-Files". Fox.
70.Jump up ^ Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (narrators). "The X-Files: Commentary". The X-Files (DVD) (Fox).
71.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (narrator). "Deleted Scenes: Tunguska". The X-Files: The Complete Fourth Season (DVD) (Fox).
72.Jump up ^ Katzoff, Tami (November 22, 2011). "'X-Files' Actor John Neville Dies: Remembering The Well-Manicured Man". MTV. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
73.Jump up ^ Graham, Bob (October 16, 1998). "Conspiracy Marks the Spot / 'The X-Files' proves an intriguing thrill". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
74.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Frank Spotnitz (writer) (November 11, 1994). "End Game". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 17. Fox.
75.Jump up ^ Lowry (1995), pp.202–204
76.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Frank Spotnitz (writer) (December 1, 1995). "731". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 10. Fox.
77.Jump up ^ Lovece, pp.206–208
78.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), pp.12–23
79.Jump up ^ Daniel Sackheim (director); Chris Carter (writer) (September 23, 1994). "The Host". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 2. Fox.
80.Jump up ^ Lowry (1995), pp.164–165
81.Jump up ^ Lowry (1995), pp.169–170
82.Jump up ^ Paul Rabwin (narrator). "Deleted Scenes: Sleepless". The X-Files: The Complete Second Season (DVD) (Fox Broadcasting Company).
83.Jump up ^ Lovece, p.116
84.Jump up ^ Lovece, pp.28–29
85.Jump up ^ Edwards, pp.104–105
86.Jump up ^ Bernardin, Marc (January 19, 2009). "The X-Files, Steven Williams | 20 Black Sci-Fi Icons". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved September 16, 2011.
87.Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (July 18, 2010). ""The Walk"/"Oubliette"/"Nisei" | The X-Files/Milllennium | TV Club". The A.V. Club. Retrieved September 16, 2011.
88.Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (June 27, 2010). ""F. Emasculata"/"Soft Light"/"Our Town"/"Anasazi" | The X-Files/Millennium". A.V. Club. Retrieved December 30, 2011.
References[edit]
Edwards, Ted (1996). X-Files Confidential. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0-316-21808-1.
Lovece, Frank (1996). The X-Files Declassified. Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-1745-X.
Lowry, Brian (1995). The Truth is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105330-9.
Meisler, Andy (1998). I Want to Believe: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 3. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105386-4.
Meisler, Andy (1999). Resist or Serve: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 4. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-107309-1.
Shearman, Robert; Pearson, Lars (2009). Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen. Mad Norwegian Press. ISBN 0-9759446-9-X.
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Fox Mulder

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Fox Mulder
Xfiles-FoxMulder-small.jpg
David Duchovny as Fox Mulder
 
First appearance
"Pilot"
Last appearance
I Want to Believe
Portrayed by
David Duchovny
Information

Occupation
FBI Special Agent
Family
Bill Mulder (legal father, deceased)
Teena Mulder (mother, deceased)
C.G.B. Spender (biological father, deceased)
Samantha Mulder (half-sister, deceased)
Jeffrey Spender (half-brother)
William Scully (son)[1]
Significant other(s)
Dana Scully (lover)
Birth name
Fox William Mulder
Date of birth
October 13, 1961
Chilmark, Massachusetts, U.S.
Affiliated with
The Lone Gunmen
The X-Files
Dana Scully
FBI Special Agent Fox William Mulder is a fictional character in the Fox science fiction television series The X-Files. Mulder's peers consider his (often correct) theories on extraterrestrial activity as spooky and far-fetched. He also has a photographic memory. With his FBI partner Dana Scully, he works in the X-Files office, which is concerned with cases with particularly mysterious or possibly paranormal circumstances that were left unsolved and shelved by the FBI. Fox Mulder is played by David Duchovny. Mulder was a main character for the first seven seasons, but was limited to a recurring character for the last two seasons.
Mulder made his first appearance in the first season pilot episode, broadcast in 1993. Mulder believes in extraterrestrial unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and a government conspiracy to hide or deny the truth of their existence. Mulder considers the X-Files and the truth behind the supposed conspiracy so important that he has made them the main focus of his life.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc 1.1 Characterization
1.2 Relationships
1.3 Appearance
2 Conceptual history
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Character arc[edit]
The mysterious disappearance of Mulder's sister and his ensuing search for her became the consuming drive of his life.[2] In 1982, Mulder graduated with first class honours from University of Oxford with a Bachelor of Arts degree in psychology. He then graduated with honors from the Quantico FBI Training Academy in 1984.[3] Mulder joined the FBI on October 24, 1986.[4] On graduating from the Academy, Mulder began his work in the Behavioral Science Unit (psychological profiling) under Agent Bill Patterson, with whom he had a testy relationship.[5]
In 1988, the FBI assigned Mulder to the Violent Crimes Unit.[3] Around this time, Mulder first came across the X-Files, an obscure FBI section dealing with cases relating to the paranormal; he pored over these cases in his spare time, becoming obsessed with them.[6] In 1991, Mulder re-opened the X-Files with Special Agent Diana Fowley, but Fowley left shortly thereafter.[7] Mulder investigated the X-Files by himself until March 1992, when Dana Scully, an instructor at the FBI Academy, was partnered with him for the purpose of applying scientific reasoning to Mulder's work and theories.[6]
Mulder's ultimate goal was to uncover what he believed to be a government conspiracy to hide the truth about alien life, and to find out what had happened to his sister.[6] His quest and belief in the existence of aliens was, for most of the series, the driving force of the plot, or mytharc. However, during a period of time after Scully's cancer went into remission (season 5), Mulder was convinced by Michael Kritschgau that aliens did not in fact exist, and that the government conspirators had merely concocted that threat as a smokescreen, to justify military activities and toy with him.[8][9]
During the seventh season, Mulder eventually discovers the truth about his sister. Samantha was abducted (either by the alien colonists or the government conspirators), and various tests were performed on her. She was then returned to The Smoking Man to live out her life under his supervision, all the while undergoing additional tests. She was unable to bear the testing any longer so she ran away from her home and was eventually admitted to a nearby hospital, where she disappeared from her locked room. It is revealed that Samantha was taken by "spiritual intervention", with the help of beings called "Walk-ins". Mulder is briefly reunited with Samantha's spirit.[10]
Mulder was also abducted by the aliens himself in 2000, and returned to Earth, almost dead, a few months later.[11] He had been infected by an alien virus (for the second time), but Scully found a way to rescue him.[12] After Mulder returned home to his apartment, an application was submitted to the FBI for his reinstatement to the X-files but this was declined by Deputy Director Alvin Kersh, who had been promoted in charge of the X-Files shortly after Mulder had been abducted. He returned to work for a brief period of time,[13] but was eventually fired for failure to follow orders not to investigate any X-Files.[14] After Scully gave birth to William, Mulder went into hiding in New Mexico after Kersh said his life was in danger.[15]
After about a year in hiding, Mulder obtains crucial information from a secret facility about the date of the planned alien colonization effort, but is caught and put on trial for the murder of Knowle Rohrer. Despite a defense organized by Walter Skinner with numerous witnesses, the judges sentence Mulder to death. With help from several people, including a reformed Kersh and the ghost of Alex Krycek, Mulder breaks out of prison and escapes with Scully. As of the series finale, Mulder and Scully were on the run.[16] Six years after the events of the ninth season, Fox Mulder's fugitive status is clear. Scully mentions that he is wanted by the FBI and dialogue also shows that the FBI does not really want to find him and is simply happy to have him "out of their hair". He is called to assist with the investigation of a missing FBI agent. In exchange for his help, all charges against him are dropped.[17]
Characterization[edit]
"If there was a profiler like himself profiling him he would have to work from the fact that he has some oral fixation because he is constantly popping sunflower seeds. He doesn't have a bedroom, you've never seen him in his bed, you've seen him sleeping only in the couch."
— David Duchovny talking about his character.[18]
Despite his aloofness and cynical sense of humor, Mulder displays unbridled enthusiasm and interest when it comes to the paranormal, especially because of his personal involvement after his sister's abduction.[6] Walter Skinner and other FBI officials have become concerned by his unprofessional behavior. This only proves true as Mulder makes a habit of letting his personal feelings cloud his judgment; his emotional attachment to UFO cases becomes more severe throughout the series, because of Dana Scully's eventual abduction and resultant cancer as well as his sister's abduction.[10] Mulder can lose his temper when Scully is involved; on multiple occasions, he has become violent in his grief and unreserved in threatening physical force.[19] Mulder's overprotectiveness of Scully stems not only from his obvious devotion and love for her, but also a long-harbored guilt; Mulder has admitted feeling indirectly responsible for the ordeals and tragedies Scully had gone through because of their investigations.
In the episode "Drive", Mulder facetiously apologizes on behalf of the "international Jewish conspiracy" in response to the abusive and anti-Semitic tirades of a suspect, to which Mulder appears to take offense; the suspect also guesses Mulder's ethnicity is Jewish based on his last name.[20] Despite this, in the episode "Kaddish", Mulder is unable to identify a Talmudic book, states that he does not know Hebrew, and quips that Jesus returned from the dead.[21] Also, Mulder, as his father before him,[22] had a Christian burial presided over by a Protestant minister following his apparent "death" in the episode "Deadalive".[12] This suggests he hails from a Protestant background, as Scully hails from a Catholic background.[23] Mulder also seeks comfort in a Christian church following the events of the episode "Conduit".[24] Of course Mulder could conceivably be of a Jewish ethnic descent but a Christian background, perhaps through ancestral marriage or conversion. David Duchovny suggested Mulder is Jewish when interviewed during production of the second season.[25] In the episode "The Field Where I Died", Mulder went into a hypnotic trance and recalls a past life, where he is in a concentration camp during the Holocaust.
Mulder is almost never seen sleeping in a bed. The bedroom in his apartment (which appeared as late as the sixth season of the show's run) is apparently used for storage and is filled floor to ceiling with junk, including a couple of boxes of pornographic magazines.[2] Instead, Mulder sleeps on his couch, often falling asleep to a blaring television. Mulder can seem to go through manic periods when worried or working on a case, contributing to or exacerbating his insomniac tendencies.[26] Since "Dreamland II" where a "man in black" body-swaps with Mulder and takes over his life, Mulder gets his bedroom renovated and equipped with a waterbed.[2] In "Monday" he finds himself soaked through when his waterbed (which he can't remember getting; it is implied he thinks it was a present from Scully) is leaking.[27]
Relationships[edit]
"He's a guy who should be working, and he's not working because he's tried to make this relationship with Scully work."
— David Duchovny in an interview talking about The X-Files: I Want to Believe.[28]
Mulder had a rather strained relationship with his parents Bill and Teena Mulder, not least thanks to the X-Files. Initially, he had no idea his father was involved in the conspiracy and Samantha's disappearance. Bill, who became disenchanted with the shadow government and his own role in the conspiracy, eventually approached Fox about his past deeds, but was shot and killed by Alex Krycek — working as an assassin for the Syndicate — before he could reveal any great amount of information.[29] Over the next few years, Mulder got into several conflicts with his mother while trying to discover the extent of her own knowledge of his father's precise involvement. Teena dies of an apparent suicide, when the stress of Samantha's abduction finally becomes too painful.[30]
During the last years of his work on the X-Files, Mulder was even forced to doubt that Bill was his true father. He is led to consider the possibility that his mother had had an affair with the Smoking Man, a connection which may have resulted in the birth of either Samantha or Mulder himself.[31] The possibility was hinted at later in the series, and Jeffrey Spender, who certainly was the Smoking Man's son, said that Mulder was his half-brother. In the ninth season, "William" explains that Spender and Mulder have very similar DNA, providing strong evidence that they do have the same father.[32][33]
Mulder's closest friend was FBI partner Dana Scully, who was assigned to "debunk [his] work" by the conspirators and the FBI brass. But against their intentions, her loyalties quickly became affixed to Mulder's quest and Mulder himself, a connection which seemed to pull Mulder's work out of obscurity, as Scully's scientific bent afforded them a certain amount of credibility.[6] Their intense professional and personal relationship continued to strengthen through the years. While the relationship was platonic for the greater part of the series, there are clues that it developed into a romantic one by the last few seasons.[15] Mulder and Scully almost always called each other by their surnames — Mulder purportedly hated his first name, but Scully had no such aversion.[26] At the end of season seven, the romantic undertones were confirmed when the two shared a kiss.[15] In the series finale, the very last scene depicted Mulder and Scully in bed together, contemplating what the future held.[16]
Mulder's greatest nemesis was The Smoking Man, who, despite his obvious ill-intent, seemed to hold Mulder in special regard. Though he mocked Mulder to his face for his foolishness and the futility of his quest, in "Two Fathers" he told his son Jeffrey Spender, "You pale to Fox Mulder."[33] Mulder also developed an intense enmity for Alex Krycek, a double agent who briefly worked with Mulder in the FBI as an infiltrator,[34] and who continued to serve as a recurring adversary, acting as an assassin for the Syndicate in the murders of Bill Mulder and Melissa Scully.[22][29]
Appearance[edit]
Duchovny portrays Mulder as a series regular for the first seven seasons of the show. Duchovny left the show following the seventh season finale "Requiem", wherein he was abducted by aliens. Although he makes a handful of cameos in the first part of season eight—most notably in the episodes "Within", "Without", "The Gift", and "Per Manum"—Mulder is returned by the aliens and the latter part of the season deals with his death, subsequent resurrection, and his departure from the FBI. After the conclusion of the eighth season, Duchovny left the show, and only appeared in four ninth season episodes: "Trust No 1", "Jump the Shark", "William", and "The Truth". Duchovny's appearances in "Trust No 1" and "Jump the Shark" were via archival footage, and he only made a small cameo in the third. However, his appearance in "The Truth", the program's series finale, was substantial, and Duchovny was once again listed in the credits as starring.
Conceptual history[edit]

 

 Duchovny portrayed Mulder, the main character in the first seven seasons of the series, and a recurring character in the last two.
David Duchovny had worked in Los Angeles three years prior to The X-Files. At first he wanted to base his acting career around films, but in 1993 his manager Melanie Green gave him a script of the "pilot episode" of The X-Files. Green and Duchovny were both convinced it was a good script, so Duchovny auditioned for the lead.[35] When Duchovny was auditioning for the part of Fox Mulder, he made a "terrific" audition, but talked rather slowly. Chris Carter thought that he was a "good judge of character", and thought that Duchovny wasn't too "bright". So he talked to Duchovny and asked him if he could "please" imagine himself as an FBI agent for the "future" weeks. The casting director of the show was very positive about him, while according to Carter, Duchovny turned out to be one of the best-read people he knew.[36] After getting the role, Duchovny thought the show wouldn't last for long or that it wouldn't make as much impact as it did.[35]
Carter has said that he named Mulder after his mother's maiden name. His first name, Fox, was actually not a tribute to the Fox network which aired The X-Files, as often assumed. Carter said he had a childhood friend named Fox.[37] When Duchovny got the script many of his characteristics were "fully formed".[35] Executive producer Frank Spotnitz called portraying actor Duchovny "amazingly smart". He further stated that Duchovny was behind some of the main characteristic ideas behind Mulder.[38]
At the end of the seventh season Duchovny was fighting for a "better" contract with the Fox network, saying he wanted more money (while not saying how much) and a better scheduled work hour.[39] After settling his contract dispute, portraying actor Duchovny quit full-time participation in the show after the seventh season.[40] This contributed to uncertainties over the likelihood of an eighth season.[41] Carter and most fans felt the show was at its natural endpoint with Duchovny's departure, but it was decided Mulder would be abducted at the end of the seventh season, leaving things open for the actor's return in 12 episodes the following year.[42] Duchovny's character Mulder was replaced by John Jay Doggett (portrayed by Robert Patrick). In season nine, Duchovny wasn't available for shooting, so he only appeared in three episodes with small cameos, the first being an archive footage only in "Trust No 1", a brief cameo in "William", which he also directed and appeared full-time in the series finale, "The Truth".[43]
After the show ended, Carter and Frank Spotnitz started to talk about a movie sequel. Duchovny stated in an interview that very same year that it always had been a "desire" to come back to the franchise, saying it was a "natural" stage of development for the franchise to go to the cinema. When talking about Mulder in The X-Files: I Want to Believe, Duchovny said that he wanted to play him a "little different". He continued saying that Mulder had "lost every battle" saying he was "beaten down by life [...]. He’s the same guy, but he is older Mulder”.[44]
Mulder had a brief cameo on The Lone Gunmen, an X-Files spin-off featuring the characters of the same name. He appeared on the episode "All About Yves". In the Millennium episode "Lamentation", the main character, Frank Black, visits the FBI Academy in Quantico, Virginia, and Mulder and Dana Scully are briefly seen descending a stairway. In fact, they are Duchovny and Andersons' stand-ins.[45]
Reception[edit]
Duchovny was nominated for two Emmy Awards in 1997 and 1998 in the category "Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series", but lost.[46] He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award in 1995 in the category "Best Actor - Drama Series". Two years later he was again nominated for a Golden Globe in the same category and won, in 1997 and 1998 he was nominated in the same category but didn't win.[47] Duchovny has been nominated five times in the category "Outstanding Actor - Drama Series" by the Screen Actors Guild awards but didn't win once.[48][49][50][51][52] Duchovny won a Satellite Award in the category "Best Actor - Drama Series" in 1997,[53] and was nominated once again 1998.[54]
Animated versions of Mulder appeared on The Simpsons and Eek! the Cat (both series which have been featured in episodes of The X-Files), in the episodes "The Springfield Files" and "Eek Space-9", respectively. Both featured the voice acting of Duchovny. Duchovny appeared as Mulder on the sketch show Saturday Night Live with Molly Shannon as Scully, when he hosted an episode. Joining him was co-star Nicholas Lea, who would appear as Alex Krycek in a sketch that spoofed The X-Files.[55]
New York Times writer Joyce Millman said that Twin Peaks character Special agent Dale Cooper could have been Mulder's "quirky [...] spiritual twin" if David Duchovny hadn't appeared in the show earlier.[56] When reviewing The X-Files: I Want to Believe, reviewer Moira Macdonald said it was a "kick" watching Duchovny and Gillian Anderson (portrayed Dana Scully).[57] Jesse Hassenger from PopMatters when reviewing season eight, was throughout negative to the new season, claiming that Patrick was miss-cast and calling David Duchovny's appearances as Mulder shallow.[58] Critics and fans alike have praised Duchovny and Anderson's "on-screen chemistry" for years.[59] Richard Corliss from Time magazine praised Duchovny for settling in his role so "quickly" and calling the character "an obsessive plodder".[60] Robert Patrick, the actor who replaced Duchovny as the male lead after the seventh season, commented that the chemistry Duchovny and Gillian Anderson had could only happen "once in a lifetime".[61]
TV Guide ranked Fox Mulder # 7 on its "50 Greatest Sci-Fi Legends" list.[62]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ "Inside The X: 9x19 Transcript". Inside The X. May 19, 2002. Retrieved July 14, 2009.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c Kim Manners & Michael Watkins. "Dreamland". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 4 & 5. Fox.
3.^ Jump up to: a b "Kill Switch". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 11. Fox.
4.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Unusual Suspects". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 3. Fox.
5.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Grotesque". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 14. Fox.
6.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Robert Mandel. "Pilot". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 1. Fox.
7.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin. "The End". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 20. Fox.
8.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin. "Gethsemane". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 24. Fox.
9.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin & Kim Manners. "Redux". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 1 & 2. Fox.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "Closure". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 11. Fox.
11.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. Fox.
12.^ Jump up to: a b Tony Wharmby. "Deadalive". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 15. Fox.
13.Jump up ^ Tony Wharmby. "Three Words". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 16. Fox.
14.Jump up ^ Rod Hardy. "Vienen". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 17. Fox.
15.^ Jump up to: a b c Kim Manners. "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. Fox.
16.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox.
17.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "I Want to Believe". The X-Files. Episode 2. Fox.
18.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris, Anderson, Gillian, Duchovny, David, B. Davis, William and Williams, Steven (1998). Inside The X-Files (Season 5) (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
19.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Emily". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 7. Fox.
20.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Drive". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 2. Fox.
21.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Kaddish". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 15. Fox.
22.^ Jump up to: a b R.W. Goodwin. "The Blessing Way". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 1. Fox.
23.Jump up ^ Michael Lange. "Miracle Man". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 18. Fox.
24.Jump up ^ Daniel Sackheim. "Conduit". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 4. Fox.
25.Jump up ^ "The Truth Is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files Vol. 1", by Brian Lowry, Chris Carter. Harper Paperbacks, 1995.
26.^ Jump up to: a b David Nutter. "Tooms". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 21. Fox.
27.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Monday". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 14. Fox.
28.Jump up ^ Utichi, Jon (August 1, 2008). "David Duchovny on The X-Files, Californication and Directing". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved July 11, 2009.
29.^ Jump up to: a b R.W. Goodwin. "Anasazi". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 25. Fox.
30.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin. "Sein Und Zeit". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 10. Fox.
31.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin. "Talitha Cumi". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 24. Fox.
32.Jump up ^ David Duchovny. "William". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 16. Fox.
33.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "Two Fathers". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 11. Fox.
34.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Sleepless". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 4. Fox.
35.^ Jump up to: a b c "Inside the actor's studio - David Duchovny (part 1)". Youtube. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
36.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris. "Casting Mulder". BBC News. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
37.Jump up ^ Lowry, Brian (1995). The Truth is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. p. 11. ISBN 0-06-105330-9.
38.Jump up ^ Spotnitz, Frank. "Amazingly Smart". BBC News. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
39.Jump up ^ Germain, David (April 28, 2000). "Scully, Mulder go Hollywood in Duchovny's `X-Files' tale". The Associated Press. Retrieved July 9, 2009.
40.Jump up ^ "Duchovny quits X-Files". BBC News. May 18, 2001. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
41.Jump up ^ Spencer, Russ (April 28, 2000). "A close encounter with Chris Carter". Salon. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
42.Jump up ^ Elber, Lynn (May 18, 2000). "Fox Mulder 'Ready to Get Back to Work'". Associated Press / Space. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
43.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris, Patrick, Robert, Spotnitz, Frank and Gish, Annabeth (2002). The Truth Behind Season 9 (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
44.Jump up ^ "David Duchovny Wants To Believe". The Deadbolt. May 22, 2002. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
45.Jump up ^ Winrich Kolbe. "Lamentation". Millennium. Season 1. Episode 18. Fox.
46.Jump up ^ "Advanced Primetime Awards Search". Academy of Television Arts & Science. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
47.Jump up ^ "X-Files, The". HFPA. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
48.Jump up ^ "2nd Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Archived from the original on October 15, 2008. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
49.Jump up ^ "3rd Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Retrieved July 10, 2009.[dead link]
50.Jump up ^ "4th Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Retrieved July 10, 2009.[dead link]
51.Jump up ^ "5th Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Retrieved July 10, 2009.[dead link]
52.Jump up ^ "6th Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Archived from the original on January 23, 2010. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
53.Jump up ^ "1st Annual SATELLITE Awards (1997)". International Press Academy Satellite Award. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
54.Jump up ^ "2nd Annual SATELLITE Awards (1998)". International Press Academy Satellite Award. Retrieved October 23, 2011.
55.Jump up ^ "David Duchovny on Saturday Night Live". Youtube. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
56.Jump up ^ Millman, Joyce (May 19, 2002). "TELEVISION/RADIO; 'The X-Files' Finds the Truth: Its Time Is Past". The New York Times. Retrieved July 9, 2009.
57.Jump up ^ Macdonald, Moira (July 24, 2008). ""X-Files" movie both satisfies and disappoints". The Seattle Times. Retrieved July 9, 2009.
58.Jump up ^ Hassenger, Jesse (November 4, 2003). "The X-Files: The Complete Eight Season". PopMatters. Retrieved July 5, 2009.
59.Jump up ^ "Duchovny's droll appeal". BBC. May 18, 2001. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
60.Jump up ^ Corliss, Richard (July 24, 2008). ""X-Files" Movie: For X-Philes Only". Time Magazine. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
61.Jump up ^ Manners, Kim and Patrick, Robert (2001). Audio Commentary for "Within" (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
62.Jump up ^ TV Guide Book of Lists. Running Press. 2007. p. 168. ISBN 0-7624-3007-9.
External links[edit]

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Dana Scully

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Dana Scully
Scully.jpg
Gillian Anderson as Dana Scully
 
First appearance
"Pilot"
Last appearance
I Want to Believe
Portrayed by
Gillian Anderson
Information

Occupation
FBI special agent
Family
Bill Scully Sr. (father, deceased)
Margaret Scully (mother)
Bill Scully Jr. (brother)
Melissa Scully (sister, deceased)
Charles Scully (brother)
Significant other(s)
Fox Mulder (lover)
Children
Emily Sim (daughter, deceased)
William Scully (son)
Religion
Roman Catholic
Born
Dana Katherine Scully
 February 23, 1964 (age 49)
Annapolis, Maryland, U.S.
Affiliated with
The Lone Gunmen
The X-Files
Fox Mulder
Dr. Dana Katherine Scully, B.S., M.D., is a fictional character in the Fox science fiction television series The X-Files. Dana Scully is played by Gillian Anderson. Scully is an FBI agent, partnered with fellow Special Agent Fox Mulder for the first seven seasons, and in the eighth and ninth seasons partnered with John Doggett. In the television series, they work out of a cramped basement office at FBI headquarters in Washington, D.C. to investigate unsolved cases labeled "X-Files"; as of the second film, Scully had left government employment and worked as a surgeon in a private Catholic hospital. In contrast to Mulder's credulous "believer" character, Scully is the skeptic for the first seven seasons, choosing to base her beliefs on what science can prove. She later on becomes a "believer" after Mulder's abduction at the end of season seven.
She has appeared in all but four episodes of The X-Files, and additionally appears in the 20th Century Fox films The X-Files, released in 1998 (sometimes subtitled Fight the Future), and The X-Files: I Want to Believe, released 10 years later. The episodes she does not appear in are "3," "Zero Sum," "Unusual Suspects," and "Travelers." She appears only briefly in "The Gift," in a flashback which reuses footage from a previous episode.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc 1.1 Characterization
1.2 Relationships
2 Conceptual history
3 Reception
4 Notes 4.1 References
5 External links
Character arc[edit]
Dana Katherine Scully was born on February 23, 1964, to William and Margaret Scully, into a close-knit Catholic family.[1][2] She has an older brother, Bill Jr., an older sister, Melissa, and a younger brother, Charles, who is never seen on the show except in flashbacks.[3] Scully's father was a U.S. Navy Captain, who died of a heart attack in early January 1994.[4] Dana Scully grew up in Annapolis, Maryland and later in San Diego, California. As a young girl, Scully's favorite book was Moby-Dick and she came to nickname her father "Ahab" from the book, and in return, he called her "Starbuck." Due to this she named her dog Queequeg.[5]
Scully attended The University of Maryland, and received a B.S. degree in physics. Her undergraduate thesis was titled Einstein's Twin Paradox: A New Interpretation.[6] Scully earned her M.D. from Stanford University.[7] While in medical school she was recruited by the FBI; she accepted the agency's offer of employment because she felt she could distinguish herself there. Upon being partnered with Fox Mulder, she maintained her medical skills by acting as a forensic pathologist, often performing or consulting on autopsies of victims on X-Files cases.[8]
In the second season, Scully is kidnapped by an ex-FBI mental patient named Duane Barry,[9] and is then taken from Barry by a military covert operation that were working with the alien conspirators,[10] but is later returned.[2] In the third season she finds out that a super hi-tech microchip was implanted in the back of her neck. After having it removed, she developed cancer in the fourth season.[11]
She is hospitalized after her cancer becomes terminal. She is saved when Mulder breaks into the Department of Defense to retrieve another chip to be implanted back into her neck. It should be mentioned that, at the time, Scully was also undergoing experimental medical treatments and was having a dramatic renewal of her faith.[12]
After being pronounced infertile in the fifth season, Scully mysteriously became pregnant in the show's seventh season finale, "Requiem".[13] The child, named William, after her own father, as well as Mulder's father, was born at the end of the eighth season.[14] The cause of her pregnancy is never formally revealed; however the most probable of theories is that Mulder fathered the child, as growing intimacy in the later portion of the series implies a sexual relationship between the two (season 7 episode "all things" is seen as proof due to its opening scene, though the remainder of the episode takes place prior to the opening scene, and the closing scene can also be interpreted as proof against this). Also, in the film, X-Files: I Want to Believe, Mulder calls William "our son." Beyond this, the pair had unsuccessfully tried for a child through in vitro fertilization. It was around this time that Mulder was fired from the FBI by Deputy Director Alvin Kersh,[15] and Scully left the field to teach forensics at Quantico.[16] William was given up for adoption during the end of the ninth season after Scully felt she could no longer provide the safety that William needed.[17] William was a "miracle child", of some importance to the alien Conspiracy. He demonstrated extraordinary powers, including telekinesis.[18]
In The X-Files: I Want to Believe she is shown working as a medical doctor at the Our Lady of Sorrows Hospital in Virginia. Early on in the film Scully is contacted by the FBI who are looking for Fox Mulder in the hope that he will assist them with the investigation of a missing FBI agent. In exchange for his help the charges against him will be dropped. Unlike Mulder, Scully was apparently not considered a fugitive by the FBI. However, she did continue to maintain her romantic relationship with Mulder throughout the six years that he was on the run from the American government. In the movie they are shown to be living together in a secluded house.[19]
Characterization[edit]
Throughout the series, her Catholic faith served as a cornerstone, although at times a contradiction to her otherwise rigid skepticism of the paranormal.[20] Due to her career in science and medicine, she drifted from her Catholic Christian upbringing but remained somewhat entrenched in her religious beliefs. Scully almost always wears a gold cross necklace, given to her by her mother as a Christmas present when she was fifteen. When she was abducted by Duane Barry, a self-proclaimed alien abductee,[10] it was the only item left behind in Barry's getaway car. Mulder wore it as a talisman of her until Scully miraculously reappeared in a Washington, D.C. hospital.[21] After she recovered from the trauma of her abduction, he returned the cross to her.[2]
The abduction visibly tested the limits of her faith — Mulder believes that Scully was taken aboard an alien spaceship and was subjected to tests. However, because of Scully's skepticism, she believes she was kidnapped by men and subjected to tests, not aliens. She believes she could have been brought there by Barry, and she began to exhibit symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder on a case involving a murdering fetishist named Donnie Pfaster.[22] This psychological re-victimization continued after Pfaster escaped from prison five years later and again attempted to kill her in her home, ending only after she fatally shot him. She struggled with what motivated her actions to kill Pfaster, and questioned whether it was God compelling her to kill him, or "something else."[23]
Sometime after her recovery, Scully began to regularly attend Mass again. At the request of Father McCue, Scully got involved in a case concerning a paraplegic girl who was found dead in a kneeling position with her palms outstretched and eye sockets charred. After Scully discovered the girl was part of a set of quadruplets and two more were murdered, Father McCue shared with her the story of the seraphim and the nephilim, which Scully interpreted as a possible explanation for the deformations and deaths of the girls. Scully continued to have visions of Emily, and when the last girl died, Scully believed she was returning the girl to God. Upon her return to Washington D.C., she went to confession to gain peace of mind and acceptance for Emily's death.[24]
Relationships[edit]
While in medical school, she carried on an affair with her married instructor, Dr. Daniel Waterston who may have been the "college boyfriend" mentioned in "Trust No 1." It is never indicated in the show whether or not the relationship became sexual. According to Anderson in the episode's audio commentary, Scully came very close to having an affair with the married Waterston but left before she could break up his marriage. The end of her relationship with Waterston came about following her decision to go into the FBI.[25] After her entrance to the FBI's Academy at Quantico, Scully began a year-long relationship with her Academy instructor, Jack Willis, with whom she shared a birthday.[3]
Towards the end of the series, her previously platonic friendship with partner Fox Mulder developed into a romantic relationship. When Mulder was injured in a boat crash, he awakened in a hospital and told Scully that he loved her.[26] In the season six episode "How the Ghosts Stole Christmas", a ghost that seems to know the inner workings of Scully's mind suggests that her source of intimacy for Mulder comes from her desire to always prove him wrong.[27] By the end of the sixth season, Mulder and Scully were increasingly shown enjoying more light-hearted activities together, such as practicing baseball,[28] using FBI funds for a "night out" during a movie premiere,[29] and watching a movie at Mulder's apartment.[30] In the season seven episode all things, Scully is shown getting dressed in Mulder's bathroom, while Mulder sleeps, apparently naked, in the bedroom.[25] In another episode, a man reveals to Scully that he works for a "new" Syndicate like-organization, and his job requires him and a few other colleagues to spy on her around the clock. Due to this he knows intimate details of Scully's personal life, right down to her "natural hair color". It is suggested by this man that Scully ultimately initiated a sexual relationship with Mulder, as he remarked that he was very surprised when she invited Mulder "into her bed".[31] The last scene of the series finale featured Mulder and Scully holding each other on a bed, facing an uncertain future together.[32]
In the film, The X-Files: I Want to Believe, which takes place six years later, Mulder and Scully are still in a relationship and are now living together in rural Virginia. Scully was concerned that Mulder's continuing pursuit of the unknown was taking its toll on their relationship and they could not be together if he couldn't "escape the darkness." However, the film ends with the couple sharing a passionate kiss, and in the "secret ending" after the majority of the credits, a happily smiling Scully is seen in a small rowboat with Mulder, both clad in swimwear, in a tropical sea, having taken him up on his offer to run away together.[19]
Conceptual history[edit]

 

 Gillian Anderson portrayed Agent Scully.
Chris Carter named Scully after his favorite sportscaster, Vin Scully of the Los Angeles Dodgers. John Doggett was likewise named after Vin Scully's longtime broadcasting partner, Jerry Doggett.[33] Scully's character was also inspired by Jodie Foster's portrayal of Clarice Starling in the film The Silence of the Lambs.[34] Scully was a known name in UFO lore. In 1950 the less than credible Behind the Flying Saucers was published, written by Variety columnist Frank Scully. The name Scully was also used in 1976 film All the President's Men, an obvious inspiration for the show, in a list of names who work for the Committee for the Re-Election of the President.
The casting for Scully caused a conflict between Carter and the Fox network. Carter had chosen 24-year-old Gillian Anderson, who Carter felt was perfect for the role.[35] Of her audition, Carter said, "she came in and read the part with a seriousness and intensity that I knew the Scully character had to have and I knew [...] she was the right person for the part".[36] However, Fox executives had wanted a more glamorous "bombshell" for the part, hoping that this would lead to the series involving a romantic element. This led Carter to insist that he did not want the roles of Mulder and Scully to become romantically involved.[35] Carter decided Scully would be the skeptic to play against established stereotypes; typically on television the quality was attributed to a male.[36] Because Duchovny was much taller than Anderson, during scenes where Mulder and Scully stand or walk next to each other Anderson stood on "the Gilly-Board", an apple box named after her.[37]
Scully appears in every episode of the nine-season series with the exceptions of "3", "Zero Sum", "Unusual Suspects" and "Travelers". She has appeared outside The X-Files on numerous occasions, the most notable being in the Millennium (also created by Chris Carter) episode "Lamentation," in which the main character, Frank Black, visits the FBI Academy in Quantico, Virginia, and Mulder and Scully are briefly seen descending a stairway. In fact, they are Duchovny and Anderson's stand-ins.[38] An animated version of Scully, which featured the voice acting of Anderson, would appear on season 8 of The Simpsons, in the episode "The Springfield Files", as well as Canadian animated series Eek! The Cat, on the episode "Eek Space 9". The animated television series ReBoot featured characters Fax Modem and Data Nully, obvious spoofs of Mulder and Scully, in the episode "Trust No One". Anderson provided her voice work for the episode, but co-star Duchovny declined.
Reception[edit]

 

 A fan cosplaying as Agent Scully.
"I love it when women come up to me and tell me I'm a positive influence on their lives and the lives of their young daughters. That's a great feeling."
— Gillian Anderson talking about the reaction to Dana Scully from female fans.[39]
Anderson won many awards for her portrayal of Special Agent Scully during the nine-season-long run of The X-Files, including an Emmy for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series in 1997,[40] a Golden Globe for Best Actress in a Television Drama Series in 1997,[41] and two SAG Awards for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series in 1996 and 1997.[42][43]
Film critic Scott Mendelson, writing in The Huffington Post, cited Scully as an example of strong female characters on television, calling her "one of the most iconic characters in the science-fiction genre".[44] Radio Times's Laura Pledger also named her as a strong TV woman, placing her at #1.[45] Rebecca Traister of Salon.com opined that Scully had a better character arc than Mulder. She wrote, "The very fact that her character was such a hard sell made her repeated brushes with the supernatural all the more powerful. Mulder's desire to believe was so expansive, his credulity so flexible, that it's not as though he was ever going to have either shaken from him. But Scully's surety was solid, stable, rigid; every time she saw something she thought she'd never see, we saw it crack, sparks fly from it. She was forced to question herself, grow, change".[46] She praised her for being more "rational, resilient, [and] mature" than her partner and for their mature relationship.[46] In a review of "Irresistible", Todd VanDerWerff of The A.V. Club wrote that it was a cliché to put Scully in danger, as "Scully is [the show's] heart, and any time she's in danger, it feels like the show itself is about to be stabbed through the heart".[47]
The character of Scully has become something of a sci-fi heroine due to her intelligence and resilience, frequently appearing on lists of important female science fiction characters, such as Total Sci-Fi Online's list of The 25 Women Who Shook Sci-Fi, where she came in fourth.[48] TV Squad named her the thirteenth greatest woman on television,[49] while the site also listed her among the most memorable female science fiction television characters.[50] She is also often cited as being an unlikely sex symbol, frequently being included in lists of sexy TV characters.[51] She was listed in AfterEllen.com's Top 50 Favorite Female TV Characters.[52] The pairing Mulder/Scully was ranked number 15 on Sleuth Channel's poll of America's Top Sleuths.[53]
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Michael Lange. "Miracle Man". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 18. FOX.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c R. W. Goodwin. "One Breath". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 2. FOX.
3.^ Jump up to: a b David Nutter. "Lazarus". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 15. FOX Home Entertainment.
4.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Beyond the Sea". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 13. FOX.
5.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Quagmire". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 22. FOX.
6.Jump up ^ Joe Napolitano. "The Jersey Devil". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 5. FOX.
7.Jump up ^ http://www.imdb.com/character/ch0004843/bio
8.Jump up ^ Robert Mandel. "Pilot". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 1. FOX.
9.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Duane Barry". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 5. FOX.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Michael Lange. "Ascension". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 6. FOX.
11.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Memento Mori". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 15. FOX.
12.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin. "Redux". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 1 & 2. FOX.
13.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 1 & 2. FOX.
14.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. FOX.
15.Jump up ^ Rod Hardy. "Vienen". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 18. FOX.
16.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Nothing Important Happened Today". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 1 & 2. FOX.
17.Jump up ^ David Duchovny. "William". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 16. FOX.
18.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Redux". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 9. FOX.
19.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Carter. "The X-Files: I Want to Believe". The X-Files. Episode 2 of 2. FOX.
20.Jump up ^ Kowalski, Dean (2007). The Philosophy of The X-Files. University Press of Kentucky. p. 50.
21.Jump up ^ David Nutter. "3". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 7. FOX.
22.Jump up ^ David Nutter. "Irresistible". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 13. FOX.
23.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Orison". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 7. FOX.
24.Jump up ^ Allen Coulter. "All Souls". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 17. FOX.
25.^ Jump up to: a b Gillian Anderson. "all things". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 17. FOX.
26.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Triangle". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 3. FOX.
27.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "How the Ghosts Stole Christmas". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 6. FOX.
28.Jump up ^ David Duchovny. "The Unnatural". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 19. FOX.
29.Jump up ^ Allen Coulter. "Hollywood A.D.". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 19. FOX.
30.Jump up ^ Allen Coulter. "Je Souhaite". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 21. FOX.
31.Jump up ^ Tony Wharmby. "Trust No 1". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 8. FOX.
32.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. FOX.
33.Jump up ^ Levine, Ken (2011-01-30). "Naming characters on TV shows". kenlevine.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
34.Jump up ^ Lowry, p.15
35.^ Jump up to: a b Lowry, pp.15–17
36.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Carter (narrator). Chris Carter Speaks about Season One Episodes: Pilot (DVD). Fox.
37.Jump up ^ Anderson, Gillian (2013-05-16). "I am Gillian Anderson - AMA!". Reddit. Retrieved 2013-05-16.
38.Jump up ^ "Millennium Episode 117".
39.Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson Bio". Ask Men.
40.Jump up ^ "GA Wins Emmy in '97 - YouTube.Com".
41.Jump up ^ "GA and DD win GGS in 1997 - YouTube.Com".
42.Jump up ^ "GA wins SAG award in '96 - YouTube.Com".
43.Jump up ^ "SAGs - 1997 Gillian Anderson - YouTube.Com".
44.Jump up ^ Mendelson, Scott (3 February 2011). "Why Wonder Woman Belongs on Television, Where Female Superheroes Thrive". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 11 March 2012.
45.Jump up ^ Pledger, Laura (8 March 2012). "Ten Strong TV women". Radio Times. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
46.^ Jump up to: a b Traister, Rebecca (24 July 2008). "Scully have I loved". Salon.com. Retrieved 11 March 2012.
47.Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (6 June 2010). ""Irresistible"/"Die Hand Die Verletzt"/"Fresh Bones"". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 11 March 2012.
48.Jump up ^ "The 25 Women Who Shook Sci-Fi - totalscifionline.com".
49.Jump up ^ Potts, Kim (2 March 2011). "TV's Greatest Women: 25-1". TV Squad. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
50.Jump up ^ Ryan, Maureen (8 March 2011). "Sci-Fi TV's Most Memorable Female Characters". TV Squad. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
51.Jump up ^ "Maxim's Hottest Nerd Crushes".
52.Jump up ^ "AfterEllen.com's Top 50 Favorite Female TV Characters". AfterEllen.com. February 27, 2012. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved June 24, 2012.
53.Jump up ^ "America's Top Sleuths". 2006. Retrieved February 3, 2013.
References[edit]
Lowry, Brian; Stegall, Sarah (1995). The Truth Is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files. HarperPrism. ISBN 0-06-105330-9.
External links[edit]

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John Doggett

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For other use of the name see Nova Scotia judge and politician John Doggett (Nova Scotia) and African-American conservative commentator, see John Doggett (columnist).

John Doggett
John Doggett.jpg
Robert Patrick as John Doggett
 
First appearance
"Within"
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Portrayed by
Robert Patrick
Information

Occupation
FBI Special Agent
Family
Barbara Doggett (wife, divorced)
 Luke Doggett (son, deceased)
Birth name
John Jay Doggett
Date of birth
April 4, 1960
Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
Affiliated with
Federal Bureau of Investigation
New York Police Department
United States Marine Corps
The X-Files
Dana Scully
Monica Reyes
FBI Special Agent John Jay Doggett is a fictional character in the Fox science fiction television series The X-Files. With his FBI partners Dana Scully (season 8) and Monica Reyes (season 9), they work on the X-Files office together, which is concerned with cases with particularly mysterious or possibly supernatural circumstances that were left unsolved and shelved by the FBI. John Doggett is played by Robert Patrick. Doggett was a main character from the eighth to ninth seasons (2000–2002), replacing David Duchovny's character Fox Mulder. Doggett appeared in the opening credits and every episode from the season eight premiere to the series finale.
Doggett made his first appearance in the 2000 episode "Within". Doggett served in the United States Military from the 1970s to the 1980s. Later he started working for the New York Police Department, he was eventually promoted to detective. After his son's death, he got a job in the FBI. He started to work for the Criminal Investigations Division. In 2000, he was assigned to the X-Files office, after the disappearance of Mulder. The introduction of Doggett was met with mostly positive reaction by critics, while getting more mixed response from longtime fans of the series.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Character arc[edit]
Doggett served in the United States Marine Corps in the 24th Marine Amphibious Unit from 1977-1983. His final rank was Sergeant (E-5). While serving in the military, he became good friends with fellow Marine Knowle Rohrer. From 1982-1983, Doggett played a role in the Multi-National Peacekeeping Force for Lebanon development. Doggett retired from the U.S. Marine Corps with commendations after being wounded in the line of duty. After gaining a Juris Doctor and a Masters degree in Public Administration from Syracuse University, Doggett went on to work for the New York Police Department from 1987–1995, eventually becoming a detective in the Fugitive Division's Warrant section.[1] While he was working for the NYPD, his son, Luke Doggett, was abducted and murdered. Doggett teamed up with Special Agent Monica Reyes, who was working out of the New York FBI field office at the time, to search for his son's killer. After his son's death, Doggett's marriage to Barbara Doggett (played by Patrick's real-life wife Barbara) ended in divorce.[2]
In 1995, Doggett graduated from the FBI Academy and assumed the position of FBI Special Agent in the Criminal Investigations Division. In 2000, Agent Doggett was assigned by Deputy Director Alvin Kersh to head up the manhunt to find Special Agent Fox Mulder.[1] The manhunt was unsuccessful and Doggett was demoted to work on the X-Files with Special Agent Dana Scully. During this time, Doggett and Kersh developed a bitter enmity, similar to the early relationship between Mulder and Walter Skinner.[3]
Initially, Scully and Doggett were not very trusting of each other. After years of investigating several X-Files cases with Mulder, Scully had slowly grown to believe in the existence of the paranormal.[1] Doggett, however, is a no-nonsense agent, who frequently utilizes his down-to-earth sensibilities he learned as a Marine and a cop. Doggett therefore functioned as "the skeptic", while Scully somewhat served in Mulder's old position of "the believer". Gradually, Doggett and Scully came to trust one another to some degree, although he and Mulder, who later returned and recovered from his abduction, remained untrusting of each other for some time.[4] Doggett and his new partner, Reyes, took charge of the X-Files after Mulder was fired from the FBI and Scully left active duty to teach at the FBI Academy and to care for her son, Baby William.[5] In the series finale, Doggett testified on Mulder's behalf when Mulder was charged with murder. Later, he and Reyes narrowly escaped from Knowle Rohrer, who Doggett had discovered about a year prior was working for the conspiracy. At the end of the series, Doggett and Reyes are likely regular agents, as it appears that Kersh was forced to close down the X-Files division, perhaps permanently.[6]
Conceptual history[edit]

 

 Patrick at a convention, taken in December, 2007
More than one hundred actors auditioned for the role,[7] but only ten were taken seriously by the producers. Known actors such as Lou Diamond Phillips and Hart Bochner were among the auditionees for the role as Agent Doggett. Both Phillips and Bochner were considered for the role, but the producers eventually chose Robert Patrick.[8] In an interview with, Chris Carter said "I think it was something that we all talked about, but I wrote his voice. So, I think he was someone we all came up with together, but his voice came out of my head. But, it was something that was helped in a large degree by casting Robert Patrick."[9]
Patrick had an obligation to work on another series after being cast as Doggett.[7] The series was entitled L.A. Sheriff's Homicide and was shooting its pilot episode.[7] Carter was able to broker a deal with the other studio, paving the way for Patrick's portrayal of Doggett in season eight premiere "Within".[7] Doggett was modeled after Bud White from the 1997 feature film, L.A. Confidential.[10] Carter had previously named Dana Scully after Los Angeles Dodgers announcer Vin Scully, and he decided to name the new character after Vin Scully's longtime broadcasting partner Jerry Doggett as an homage.[10] Before the character got a name, he was referred to by the producers as "Agent White".[10]
Carter was inspired to write the scene in which Scully splashes water into Doggett's face, due to Carter being aware that new actor Patrick would be facing opposition from some members of the fan community, Patrick has even called that scene his favorite ever shot for the series, admitting that he couldn't think of a better way to introduce the character and that the scene not only said a lot but that it had actually helped him.[11] The introduction of the new character in the eighth season was one of two main factors that influenced the series' production personnel to decide to go back to more serious episodes.[12] The other major reason was to avoid "trivializing the absence of Mulder".[10]
Reception[edit]
Some members of the fanbase criticized the introduction of Doggett, claiming that the character had been intentionally created to replace previous lead Fox Mulder's work.[13] Chris Carter responded to this with a denial of the accuracy of their claims, and further stated in an interview with National Public Radio (NPR), "What he brings is a different approach to The X-Files. First of all, he’s a knee jerk skeptic so he couldn’t be more different than the character of Mulder. He’s an insider at the FBI, well liked, has buddies. Mulder, of course, he’s been banished to the basement along with all of his X-files. So when he’s put together with Agent Scully, who has become something of a reluctant believer, the dynamic on the show changes completely".[13]
Robert Patrick was awarded a Saturn Award in the category "Best Television Actor" in 2001 for his role as Doggett, winning over such nominees as Richard Dean Anderson for his work as Jack O'Neill on Stargate SG-1.[14] He was also nominated for the award the following year. Entertainment Weekly reviewer Ken Tucker said that Patrick's portrayal brought "hardboiled alertness" to the series, being overall positive towards the new character.[15] Anita Gates from The New York Times said that most fans had "accepted" Doggett, and further commented that the character actually looked "like a Secret Service Agent."[16] Kathie Huddleston from Sci Fi Wire commented on the absence of Mulder, calling Patrick a "fine actor", and asserting that the character was "way-too-serious" to be intended as a direct replacement for Mulder.[17] Carter commented on the character, saying "everybody likes Robert Patrick and the character",[18] but continued with fans missed David Duchovny and his character.[18] Patrick's performance saw him named as one of "The Ten Sexiest Men of Sci-Fi" by TV Guide.[19]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c Chris Carter. "Within". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 1. Fox Broadcasting Company.
2.Jump up ^ Director: Barry K. Thomas Writer(s): Greg Walker. "Empedocles". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 17. Fox Broadcasting Company.
3.Jump up ^ Director: Kim Manners Writer(s): Chris Carter. "Without". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 2. Fox Broadcasting Company.
4.Jump up ^ Director: Vince Gilligan Writer(s): Rod Hardy. "Roadrunners". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 4. Fox Broadcasting Company.
5.Jump up ^ Director: Kim Manners Writer(s): Chris Carter. "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. Fox Broadcasting Company.
6.Jump up ^ Director: Kim Manners Writer(s): Chris Carter. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19-20. Fox Broadcasting Company.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c d Fleming, Michael; Adalian, Josef (July 20, 2000). "Patrick marks 'X-Files' spot". Variety. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
8.Jump up ^ "X-File's Scully gets a new partner in Robert Patrick Spotlight". Toronto Star. July 21, 2000.
9.Jump up ^ "Chris Carter Online Chat". Fortune City. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c d Carter, Chris, Patrick, Robert, Spotnitz, Frank and Anderson, Gillian (2002). The Truth Behind Season 8 (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
11.Jump up ^ Manners, Kim and Patrick, Robert (2001). Audio Commentary for "Within" (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
12.Jump up ^ Ryce, Lynette (January 11, 2002). "On the Air". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
13.^ Jump up to: a b "Interview with Chris Carter". National Public Radio. March, 2001. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
14.Jump up ^ "Saturn Awards". Airlock Alpha. June 30, 2001. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
15.Jump up ^ Tucker, Ken (November 3, 2000). "The X-Files (2009 - 2009)". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
16.Jump up ^ Gates, Anita (February 18, 2001). "TELEVISION/RADIO; Without Mulder (Most of the Time), 'The X-Files' Thrives". The New York Times. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
17.Jump up ^ Huddleston, Kathie (2001). "ON SCREEN; The X-Files". Sci Fi Wire. Archived from the original on June 16, 2008. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
18.^ Jump up to: a b King, Susan (November 26, 2000). "Cover Story; After Mulder". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 27, 2009.[dead link]
19.Jump up ^ King, Susan. "Robert Patrick; biography". Allmovie. Retrieved November 27, 2009.
External links[edit]

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Monica Reyes

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Monica Reyes
MonicaReyes.jpg
Annabeth Gish as Monica Reyes
 
First appearance
"This Is Not Happening"
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Portrayed by
Annabeth Gish
Information

Occupation
FBI Special Agent
Birth name
Monica Julieta Reyes
Date of birth
March 13, 1968
Mexico City, Mexico
Affiliated with
The X-Files
John Doggett
FBI Special Agent Monica Julieta Reyes /ˈreɪ.ɛz/ is a fictional character in the Fox science fiction television series The X-Files. Monica Reyes is portrayed by Annabeth Gish. A Special Agent with the FBI, she works with her longtime friend and partner John Doggett in the X-Files office, which is concerned with the investigation of paranormal cases, dubbed "X-Files". Introduced in the series' eighth season, Reyes would become a main character throughout the entirety of its ninth and final season, last appearing in the finale, "The Truth".
Reyes' first appearance in the episode "This Is Not Happening" was intended to add another character to the series who would readily believe in the paranormal, after the departure of David Duchovny and his character Fox Mulder. The character, and Gish's portrayal of her, have since received a mixed response from critics.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Conceptual history
2 Character arc
3 Reception
4 Footnotes 4.1 References
5 External links
Conceptual history[edit]
Due to their decision to continue The X-Files television series and try to appeal to a new generation of viewers, the production personnel knew from the beginning of season 8 that they were going to introduce another female character who would be a believer, as departing character Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) had been a believer. However, the writers wanted a different kind of believer character to work off of the skeptical nature of John Doggett, who had already been established. The writers were required to create a character who was unlike any of the preconceived main characters that were a part of the series. This female character was initially named Karen Miller and then Jane Jones before the name "Monica Reyes" was decided upon, named after a friend of series creator Chris Carter's acquaintance who had an art gallery in Vancouver.[1]
When the role was being cast, actress Annabeth Gish received a call from her agent, who informed her that the producers of The X-Files were looking for a new female character. Gish applied for the part, but her audition consisted of a meeting with writers Chris Carter and Frank Spotnitz.[2]
Spotnitz considered Reyes to be like Mulder in her optimism, faith and enjoyment of being open to beliefs, while still being somewhat different as she was more spiritual and subscribed to a more New Age-like view than Mulder had.[3] Reyes was seen as different from both Mulder and the other main characters as she was somewhat more neurotic, scattered, and quirky. She smiled and laughed more than the other characters, having a nature that writer Frank Spotnitz felt was lighter, sunnier, brighter, warmer and more "overtly sexy".[3]
The character of Brad Follmer was created in season nine to provide a love interest for Reyes, as the writers believed the audience needed to know more about her. However, Follmer's unresolved relationship with Reyes also served to heighten the conflict between Doggett and Follmer, as both men had feelings for her. Portraying actress Annabeth Gish was pleased that the relationship between her character and Scully was similar to that of two sisters, rather than Reyes serving as an antagonist to Scully.[3][4]
The ninth season episode "Hellbound", in which Reyes discovers that she was apparently reincarnated, began as an effort to give Reyes or Doggett a "drive" or sense of motivation, as they were seen by the writers as the successors to Mulder and Scully. According to the writer of the episode, David Amann, executive producer Frank Spotnitz was interested in giving Reyes "some darkness to play" and her past life was consequently written with sombre overtones.[5]
Character arc[edit]
Monica Reyes was born and raised in Mexico City, Mexico, and speaks fluent Spanish.[6] She studied folklore and mythology at Brown University, and has a Masters degree in Religious Studies. In 1990, Reyes enrolled in the Federal Bureau of Investigation at Quantico, Virginia. Her first assignment in the FBI was serving on a special taskforce investigating Satanic ritual abuse.[7] Reyes then served in the New York City field office, where she became romantically involved with special agent Brad Follmer despite the FBI's strict anti-fraternization rules. Reyes was the head investigator in the kidnapping of 7 year-old Luke Doggett, son of then NYPD officer John Doggett. The boy was eventually found dead, but no suspect was ever apprehended. In 1999, Monica Reyes transferred to the New Orleans field office.[7][8]
In 2001, Reyes was contacted by Doggett, now an FBI agent assigned to X-Files department, to assist in on a case involving the disappearances of several individuals who claimed to be alien abductees, as well as the disappearance of fellow agent Fox Mulder. Because of her background, Reyes considered that these believers may have simply formed a cult, but did not rule out the possibility of alien intervention. She stayed with the case until after Mulder was returned by his abductors, but returned to her field office soon after.[7]
She later contacted Mulder, who was back to full health at the time, seeking help on a case she suspected had some link to the murder of Doggett's son. However, as before, she soon returned to her own work.[8] Reyes remained with the New Orleans field office until she was called upon to protect agent Dana Scully in May 2001, driving her out to a remote location in Georgia so that the pregnant Scully might deliver her child out of harm's way. Reyes helped deliver the child, and made a permanent move soon afterwards, becoming Doggett's partner on The X-Files.[9][10]
Doggett and Reyes were last seen in the New Mexico desert in 2002, where they were warning Agents Mulder and Scully of the arrival of Knowle Rohrer, a Super Soldier linked to the alien colonists. They were fleeing the scene as black helicopters destroyed the Anazasi adobes where The Smoking Man had been living. They are most likely still with the FBI, however the X-Files office was closed after the involvement of Walter Skinner and Alvin Kersh in Mulder's escape was revealed.[11]
Reception[edit]
The character of Monica Reyes has attracted mixed reviews from critics. Gish's portrayal of the character has been described by Entertainment Weekly's Ken Tucker as "ferocious yet lissome".[12] Robert Shearman and Lars Pearson, in their book Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen, felt that Reyes' introduction in "This Is Not Happening" was "rather forced", finding her upbeat personality at odds with the tone of the series at that time; Shearman and Pearson also felt that the overall use of the character in season nine was "lazy", with her willingness to believe in anything compromising the tension of episodes such as "4-D" or "Hellbound".[13] However, Shearman considered the character's appearance in "Empedocles" to be "very clever",[14] while Gish's acting in "4-D" was described as "stand out".[15] Writing for The New York Times, Joyce Millman described Reyes and her partner Doggett as "the Diet Coke of Mulder and Scully", referring to their secondary standing.[16] Fellow New York Times writer Caryn James felt that Reyes and Doggett were "colorless", and "a shadow" of their predecessors, noting that "where Scully and Mulder's muted sexual attraction linked them to reality, Doggett and Reyes's chemistry was nonexistent, even as platonic partners".[17]
Footnotes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Chris Carter, Robert Patrick, Frank Spotnitz and Annabeth Gish (narrators) (2002). The Truth Behind Season 8 (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Eighth Season: Fox Home Entertainment.
2.Jump up ^ Hurwitz and Knowles, p. 190
3.^ Jump up to: a b c Frank Spotnitz, Robert Patrick, (2002). Profiles: Monica Reyes (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Ninth Season: Fox Home Entertainment.
4.Jump up ^ Chris Carter, Cary Elwes and Annabeth Gish (2002). Character profile on Brad Follmer (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Ninth Season: Fox Home Entertainment.
5.Jump up ^ Frank Spotnitz, Vince Gilligan, John Shiban, Chris Carter, Cary Elwes, Robert Patrick, Kim Manners, Michelle MacLaren, Corey Kaplan, Mat Beck, Paul Rabwin, Matthew Mungle, David Amann, Cheri Montesanto-Medcalf, John Wash, Bill Roe and Burt Reynolds (2002). The Truth Behind Season 9 (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Ninth Season: Fox Home Entertainment.
6.Jump up ^ Michelle Maxwell MacLaren (director); Vince Gilligan (writer) (January 13, 2002). "John Doe". The X-Filess. Season 9. Episode 7. Fox.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (February 25, 2001). "This Is Not Happening". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 14. Fox.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Barry K. Thomas (director); Greg Walker (writer) (April 22, 2001). "Empedocles". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 17. Fox.
9.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 13, 2001). "Essence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 20. Fox.
10.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 20, 2001). "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. Fox.
11.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 19, 2002). "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox.
12.Jump up ^ Tucker, Ken (November 16, 2001). "The X-Files Review | TV Reviews and News". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
13.Jump up ^ Shearman and Pearson, p. 241
14.Jump up ^ Shearman and Pearson, pp. 244–245
15.Jump up ^ Shearman and Pearson, p. 263
16.Jump up ^ Millman, Joyce (May 19, 2002). "Television/Radio - 'The X-Files' Finds the Truth - Its Time is Past". The New York Times. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
17.Jump up ^ James, Caryn (May 20, 2002). "What 'Friends' Has Going for It ... - ... That 'Ally McBeal and 'The X-Files' Didn't Have". The New York Times. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
References[edit]
Hurwitz, Matt; Knowles, Chris (2008). The Complete X-Files. Insight Editions. ISBN 1-933784-80-6.
Shearman, Robert; Pearson, Lars (2009). Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen. Mad Norwegian Press. ISBN 0-9759446-9-X.
External links[edit]

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Walter Skinner

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For other people named Walter Skinner, see Walter Skinner (disambiguation).

Walter Skinner
Walter Skinner.jpg
Mitch Pileggi as Walter Skinner
 
First appearance
"Tooms"
Last appearance
I Want to Believe
Portrayed by
Mitch Pileggi (61)
Information

Occupation
FBI Assistant Director
Family
Sharon Skinner (wife)
Birth name
Walter Sergei Skinner
Date of birth
June 3, 1952
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Affiliated with
The Lone Gunmen
Cigarette Smoking Man
The X-Files
FBI Assistant Director Walter Sergei Skinner is a fictional character in the Fox science fiction television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen. Skinner supervised the X-Files office, which is concerned with cases with particularly mysterious or possibly supernatural circumstances that were left unsolved and shelved by the FBI. Fox Mulder, the FBI agent in charge of the X-Files, considers the X-Files the truth behind the supposed conspiracy. Portrayed by Italian-American actor Mitch Pileggi, Skinner was a main character in the ninth season of the show and a recurring character throughout the first eight seasons.
Skinner made his first appearance in the first season 1994 episode "Tooms". At the start of the series, Skinner was unfriendly towards Mulder because of his belief in the extraterrestrial, while throughout the series run Skinner has moved on to respect and agree with Mulder's idea, which is finally proven in "Requiem", when he saw an Alien spacecraft. Walter Skinner has received critical acclaim and has become a fan's favourite. Pileggi received the role of Walter Skinner after "two or three" auditions for the role. Beginning with only a small cameo, his character frequently made more appearances during the second season. Pileggi was honored with numerous awards and award nominations for his portrayal of Skinner.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history 2.1 Creation and development
2.2 I Want to Believe
3 Reception
4 References 4.1 Notes
4.2 Bibliography
5 External links
Character arc[edit]
Skinner is a former Marine and a Vietnam War veteran. In the war he once killed a boy at a very short distance, an experience which has scarred him for life.[1] He is married to Sharon Skinner. He has been treated at a sleep disorder clinic, suffering from recurring dreams of an old woman, which may either be a hallucination arising from drug use during Vietnam or a succubus.[2] Skinner's hobbies include jogging and boxing, the latter of which has been shown in his ability to outfight Fox Mulder and X and to defend himself reasonably well when he was attacked by Alex Krycek and his men.[3]
Initially, Skinner acts solely as a supervisor to Agent Mulder and Dana Scully's investigations of the paranormal. In the early episodes, it is unclear whether he is entirely independent of his actions or controlled by men such as the "Cigarette Smoking Man".[4] Eventually, Skinner begins trusting Mulder and Scully and becomes their ally, saving both of their lives on multiple occasions. He stands up to the conspirators that tried to control him, for which he frequently pays throughout the series.[5][6]
After Skinner has long broken free of the "Cigarette Smoking Man", he is again forced to take orders, this time from Alex Krycek. He is covertly infected with nanotechnology, which gives Krycek the leverage to control him.[3] Two years later, Skinner is finally able to rid himself of Krycek, when during an attempt by Krycek on Mulder's life, Skinner fatally shoots Krycek.[7] At Mulder's murder trial, Skinner is asked to act as Mulder's lawyer, having become a supporter of Mulder's cause. Later, Skinner and Deputy Director Alvin Kersh confront the "Toothpick Man" in Kersh's office, after Agents John Doggett and Monica Reyes discover that the X-Files office had been emptied out. This results in another, apparently permanent, closing of the X-Files division.[8] Six years later, with the X-Files still closed down, Skinner assists Scully in finding Mulder after he goes missing while consulting on the FBI's investigation into the disappearance of a missing agent. Mulder and Skinner are shown to still be on friendly terms, despite Mulder's animosity towards the FBI for the events following the trial.[9]
Conceptual history[edit]
Creation and development[edit]
"I've done a number of interviews and I've told a number of people this, and I don't know if it's flattering or what to my father, because it's, I base a lot of the, you know, the character's based a lot on my father. I lost my dad about a year and a half ago, and I loved him a lot, he was very, very important in my life. But he was a man in a position very much like Mr. Skinner is."
— Mitch Pileggi talking about his character's development.[10]
The role of Walter Skinner was played by actor Mitch Pileggi, who had unsuccessfully auditioned for two or three other characters on The X-Files before getting the part. At first, the fact that he was asked back to audition for the recurring role slightly puzzled him, until he discovered the reason he had not previously been cast in those roles — Chris Carter had been unable to envision Pileggi as any of those characters, due to the fact that the actor had been shaving his head. When the actor had attended the audition for Walter Skinner, he had been in a grumpy mood and had allowed his small amount of hair to grow back. Pileggi's attitude fit well with Walter Skinner's character, causing Carter to assume that the actor was only pretending to be grumpy. After successfully auditioning for the role, Pileggi thought he had been lucky that he had not been cast in one of the earlier roles, as he believed he would have appeared in only a single episode and would have missed the opportunity to play the recurring role of Walter Skinner.[11]
Pileggi himself thought he got the role because of Gillian Anderson's (who portrayed Dana Scully) pregnancy during the second season, saying the producers felt they needed to take the "show in a different direction" while she was pregnant. So Pileggi felt at the start that he "compensated" for the situation of the show, and after a while the character started to grow on the producers and fellow cast, as Pileggi puts it, "the character just started kind of clicking and working". At the end of the second season, the producers wanted Pileggi to return in future episodes, so he signed a six-year contract with them.[10]
In an interview with X-Files fan site host Robin Mayhall, Pileggi commented once that he felt David Duchovny's (portrayed Fox Mulder) semi-departure in season eight and the introduction of Robert Patrick's John Doggett, and the fact that he started to believe in Aliens at the end of season seven, Skinner was given the "opportunity to grow", further stating "new avenues" had been opened. While Pileggi stated that he missed Duchovny's presence in The X-Files, he continued saying that he didn't have the opportunity to work with him during the seventh season. He even went as far as saying that there was no "interaction between" the two characters. He was positive to the new storyline conceived during Duchovny's departure, saying it gave the show a "shot in the arm," which reinvented the show.[12]
I Want to Believe[edit]
As writers Carter and Frank Spotnitz aimed to avoid complicating the storyline of The X-Files: I Want to Believe with superfluous appearances of characters from the television series, Skinner is the only returning character in the movie. He was included in the film's plot only when a fitting opportunity to involve him arose, and Spotnitz and Carter were very happy to write Skinner into the story.[13] The scenes of The X-Files: I Want to Believe that include Skinner were filmed very late in the movie's filming schedule, and the particular scene that acts as the character's introduction in the movie was filmed, for reasons of time, in two different locations.[14]
Reception[edit]
The character received critical acclaim from fans and critics alike and since became a fan's favourite of the show. Mitch Pileggi received acclaim for his portrayal of the character.
While not winning or getting nominated for any of his work alone in The X-Files, Mitch Pileggi and several other cast members were nominated in the category "Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series" by the Screen Actors Guild Awards in 1997,[15] 1998[16] and 1999 but did not win.[17] Following the broadcast of "One Breath", in which Skinner recalls serving as a US Marine during the Vietnam War, Pileggi received several fan letters from Vietnam veterans.[18] Ben-Rawson Jones named the character of Skinner a "Spy cult icon" in 2008, describing him as the "corporate middle man".[19]
George Avalos and Michael Liedtke from the Contra Costa Times both reacted positively to the death of Alex Krycek at the hands of Skinner, saying it was the best scene of the eighth season finale, "Existence".[20] Another review from the same site and writers said the season eight episode, "Via Negativa", said the story "clicked" largely thanks to Skinner along with Alvin Kersh, saying that Skinner "delivered another Mulderesque".[21] In a review of The X-Files feature film, Soren Andersen from The News Tribune said the character was "underused" both in the series and film.[22] Entertainment Weekly reviewer Bruce Fretts said Skinner brought "a real element of danger to the show."[23]
References[edit]
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin. "One Breath". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 8. FOX.
2.Jump up ^ James Charleston. "Avatar". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 21. FOX.
3.^ Jump up to: a b Daniel Sackheim. "S.R. 819". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 9. FOX.
4.Jump up ^ David Nutter. "Tooms". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 21. FOX.
5.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. FOX.
6.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Within". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 1. FOX.
7.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. FOX.
8.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. FOX.
9.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "The X-Files: I Want to Believe". The X-Files. Episode 2. FOX.
10.^ Jump up to: a b M. Mayhall, Robin (June, 1995). "Mitch Pileggi interview". The X-Tapes. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
11.Jump up ^ Lowry, Brian, Stegall, Sarah and Carter, Chris 1995, pp. 145
12.Jump up ^ M. Mayhall, Robin (October, 2000). "Mitch Pileggi interview". The X-Tapes. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
13.Jump up ^ Hurwitz & Knowles 2008, pp. 231.
14.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris and Spotnitz, Frank (2008). Audio Commentary for The X-Files: I Want to Believe (DVD). FOX Home Entertainment.
15.Jump up ^ "3rd Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Archived from the original on October 15, 2008. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
16.Jump up ^ "4th Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Archived from the original on September 7, 2008. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
17.Jump up ^ "5th Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Archived from the original on September 7, 2008. Retrieved July 10, 2009.
18.Jump up ^ Lowry, Brian, Stegall, Sarah and Carter, Chris 1995, pp. 142
19.Jump up ^ Jones, Ben-Rawson (August 3, 2008). "Cult Spy Icon: Walter Skinner (X-Files)". Digital Spy. Retrieved October 17, 2009.
20.Jump up ^ Avalos, George and Liedtke, Michael (May 24, 2001). "Season finale consummates fans' emotional journey with The Kiss.". Contra Costa Times. Retrieved October 17, 2009.
21.Jump up ^ George Avaros and Michael Liedtke (December 21, 2001). "X-Cursions: `Viva Negativa' a positive return to form.". Contra Costa Times.
22.Jump up ^ Andersen, Soren (June 19, 1998). "Movie Review: The X-Files Will Satisfy Series fans / Movie Version of TV Series Packed With Paranoia, Plot Twists, Romantic Tension". The News Tribune.
23.Jump up ^ Fretts, Bruce (February 20, 1998). "Remote Patrol". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 17, 2009.
Bibliography[edit]
Lowry, Brian, Stegall, Sarah and Carter, Chris (1995). The Truth Is Out There: The Official Guide to The X-Files. New York, US: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-255702-9.
Hurwitz, Matt & Knowles, Chris (2008). The Complete X-Files: Behind the Series, the Myths and the Movies. New York, US: Insight Editions. ISBN 978-1-933784-72-4.
External links[edit]

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Brad Follmer

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Brad Follmer
Brad Follmer TXF.jpg
Cary Elwes as Brad Follmer
 
First appearance
"Nothing Important
 Happened Today"
Last appearance
"Release"
Portrayed by
Cary Elwes
Information

Occupation
FBI Assistant Director
Birthname
Brad D. Follmer
FBI Assistant Director Brad D. Follmer is a fictional character in the American Fox television series The X-Files, a science fiction series about a government conspiracy to hide or deny the truth of Alien existence. Follmer was introduced during the last season of the show, as an ex-lover to main character Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish). Follmer was portrayed by British actor, Cary Elwes.
Federal Bureau of Investigation Assistant Director Follmer made his first appearance in the ninth season episode "Nothing Important Happened Today" (2001). At the start of the season, Follmer was unfriendly towards John Doggett (Robert Patrick) because of his case against Alvin Kersh, the Deputy Director of the FBI. In time, however, he came to respect him.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Character arc[edit]
Follmer was an Assistant Director at the FBI. He had a romantic history with Monica Reyes that he briefly brought up while trying to keep her away from the X-files. His true motives were more political in nature and part of his sycophancy to Alvin Kersh. He did not believe in the X-files and deliberately showed disrespect to John Doggett by calling him "Mr. Doggett" instead of "Agent".[1]
In 2002, new evidence concerning the murder of Luke Doggett came to light. Doggett sought Follmer's assistance because he had worked against organized crime in New York City before coming to Washington. Reyes, however, recalled seeing Follmer accept a bribe from a mobster. Although he tried to play the event off as him paying an informant (at which he nearly succeeded), the truth was as Reyes suspected: Follmer was crooked. Once the truth of Luke's fate was revealed, Follmer killed the mobster who had nevertheless threatened blackmail concerning Follmer's bribe acceptance. Follmer's future at the FBI was left unresolved, although he most likely faced criminal charges for his actions.[2]
Conceptual history[edit]
When creating the character, Chris Carter, one of the executive producers of The X-Files, personally wanted British actor Cary Elwes in the role.[3] Elwes won the role after an audition with Annabeth Gish on August 8, 2001. He was chosen because of "the dynamic" and "the energy between the two of them." Along with announcing the character, he said that the character would only appear in six episodes.[4]
"He is so much different than Doggett, he's so much different than Mulder. He is a person that is physically attractive, terrific actor, and has a kind of quality that we saw we could use, which was, I don't want to say devious, but there is something going on behind Cary's eyes."
— Carter talking about the character of Follmer and portraying actor Elwes.[5]
When creating the character, Elwes did not want the character to be looked as "good or bad", even having discussing it with Carter and Frank Spotnitz, another executive producer of the show. The producers and actors have instead labeled him as "ambiguous", and a man who wants to see "evidence through logic" and not superstition.[6] When describing his character to The Hollywood Reporter, Elwes said he "is a guy who is a little more buttoned up, a little more polished; he represents a different kind of FBI."[7]
There were two reasons for creating the character of Follmer, the first being when making Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish) became a main character in the ninth season, they decided to provide a love interest for the character. When introducing Follmer to the show, they wanted to strengthen John Doggett's (Robert Patrick) and Reyes relationship.[8] The second reason was that they wanted to create a character different from Doggett; according to John Shiban, they wanted from the start to have a character who was basically "anti-Doggett".[5]
Reception[edit]
John Sellers from Entertainment Weekly reacted overall positive when it was confirmed that Cary Elwes would become a recurring guest actor.[9] Marisa Guthrie from the Boston Herald said Elwes was "fine" as Follmer.[10] Michigan Daily reviewer Christian Smith called the character "unreadable".[11] An unnamed staff writer of Airlock Alpha felt that Elwes performance was "forced," concluding his review of Follmer that Elwes did not feel "comfortable with his character."[12] An unnamed reviewer from Critical Myth felt Follmer's dialogue in the season premiere, "Nothing Important Happened Today", especially the scene at the bar did not "make any sense."[13] While another review from the same site, felt that Follmer's "characterization" was much "stronger" in "4-D" than in the season premiere.[14]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Kim Manners and Tony Wharmby. "Nothing Important Happened Today". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 1 & 2. Fox Home Entertainment.
2.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Release". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 17. Fox Home Entertainment.
3.Jump up ^ Hinman, Michael (November 8, 2001). "Elwes talks The X-Files". Airlock Alpha. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
4.Jump up ^ Hinman, Michael (February 15, 2002). "Elwes joins The X-Files". Airlock Alpha. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
5.^ Jump up to: a b Spotnitz, Frank, Gilligan, Vince, Shiban, John, Carter, Chris, Elwes, Cary, Patrick, Robert, Manners, Kim, MacLaren, Michelle, Kaplan, Corey, Beck, Mat, Rabwin, Paul, Mungle, Matthew, Amann, David, Montesanto-Medcalf, Cheri, Wash, John, Roe, Bill and Reynolds, Burt (2002). The Truth Behind Season 9 (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
6.Jump up ^ Manners, Kim, Pickens, Jr., James, Gish, Annabeth and Elwes, Cary (2002). Profiles: Brad Follmer (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
7.Jump up ^ Grossberg, Josh (August 10, 2001). "Elwes joins The X-Files". E!Online. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
8.Jump up ^ Spotnitz, Frank, Patrick, Robert, Gish, Annabeth and Elwes, Cary (2001). Profiles: Monica Reyes (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
9.Jump up ^ Sellers, John (November 9, 2001). "Elwes Sightings". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 23, 2009.
10.Jump up ^ Guthrie, Marisa (November 11, 2001). "Television review; It's time to put X-Files in a drawer". Boston Herald.
11.Jump up ^ Smith, Christian (November 21, 2001). "Loss of Mulder slows X-Files". Michigan Daily. Retrieved October 23, 2009.
12.Jump up ^ "A little too much X-skin?". Airlock Alpha. November 13, 2001. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
13.Jump up ^ "Nothing Important Happened Today". Critical Myth. Retrieved October 1, 2009.
14.Jump up ^ "4-D". Critical Myth. Retrieved October 1, 2009.
External links[edit]

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Alvin Kersh

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Alvin D. Kersh
Ddkersh001.JPG
James Pickens, Jr. as Alvin Kersh
 
First appearance
"The Beginning"
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Portrayed by
James Pickens, Jr.
Information

Occupation
Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
Affiliated with
The Smoking Man
Toothpick Man
Alvin D. Kersh is a fictional character in the Fox science fiction television series The X-Files. He serves as a figure of authority within the series, first introduced as an Assistant Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and is later promoted to the post of Deputy Director. Kersh acts as an antagonist who bureaucratically prevents Special Agents Fox Mulder, Dana Scully, John Doggett and Monica Reyes from investigating cases dealing with the paranormal, dubbed X-Files. Kersh is played by James Pickens, Jr..
Kersh first appeared as a guest role in several episodes of the series' sixth season, returning as a recurring character in the eighth and ninth seasons. Kersh's creation was driven by a need to place pressure on the character of Walter Skinner. The character has been met with mixed to negative critical responses, although he was initially positively received before coming to be considered a "one-note" role as the series progressed. Pickens, as part of the series' ensemble cast, earned Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for his work.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history
3 Reception
4 Footnotes 4.1 References

Character arc[edit]
Kersh's first appearance in the series was during the sixth season opening episode "The Beginning". As an Assistant Director, he temporarily became supervisor to Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) when they were assigned away from the X-Files division.[1] During this time The Smoking Man could be seen in his office, reminiscent of his silent presence in Walter Skinner's office in early seasons.[2] Kersh assigned Mulder and Scully mostly to menial tasks, such as terrorist details and Federal background checks. When they did investigate an X-File behind his back, Kersh would charge them for expenses they incurred on the case, forcing them to pay out of their own pocket.[3] He also attempted to separate Mulder and Scully, believing that Mulder threw away a promising career as a criminal profiler, but that Scully's career could still be saved.[4]
When Mulder and Scully were reassigned to the X-Files office, Kersh continued to climb the ladder, culminating in an assignment as Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. It was not long after his promotion that Mulder was abducted by aliens. At the beginning of the eighth season, Kersh assigned John Doggett (Robert Patrick) to run the manhunt for Mulder.[5] When the manhunt failed, Doggett was assigned to the X-files with Scully, until Mulder was found in "This Is Not Happening". When Mulder returned, Kersh refused to assign him to the X-Files, keeping Doggett in that position.[6] When Mulder and Doggett pursued an unauthorized case, Kersh was prepared to fire them both, but Mulder accepted full responsibility and was dismissed from the FBI.[7] Shortly thereafter, Mulder disappeared again. After Doggett saw Kersh in a late night meeting with two conspirators, Knowle Rohrer and Gene Crane, Doggett brought in Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish) to help him investigate Kersh's involvement in Mulder's disappearance. The investigation turned up nothing. Although Doggett seemed convinced that Kersh was involved in the conspiracy, Kersh insisted that he was actually protecting Mulder.[8]
During the ninth season, the Toothpick Man (Alan Dale), a key conspirator, could be seen in the company of Kersh, much like The Smoking Man before. In the end, Kersh showed a heroic side during the series finale "The Truth", when he helped Doggett and Skinner free Mulder from a military prison. Following this, Kersh had to permanently close the X-Files to appease his irate superiors.[9]
Conceptual history[edit]
The character was named after Dr. Kersh and Anton Kersh, characters from Vampire Circus—a favourite film of series creator Chris Carter. According to writer and producer Frank Spotnitz, the creation of the Kersh character was due to the writers desiring to create another of the several characters in the series who put pressure on Walter Skinner.[10]
When reflecting on the casting of James Pickens, Jr., Spotnitz called him "another great find", adding that "so many times over the course of the series we just got so lucky with the actors that we cast in these guest parts and just kept bringing them back because they were so wonderful. That's what happened with William B. Davis as the Cigarette-Smoking Man and with Nick Lea as Krycek, and with Mitch Pileggi as Walter Skinner, and that's what happened here with James Pickens. Just a fantastic actor, not at all like this person, really transformed himself to play this part".[10] Spotnitz thought that, for a viewer who had weekly been watching The X-Files' sixth season, there was a great sense of gratification when—in the final moments of "One Son"—Spender essentially withdraws and tells Kersh that Mulder has been right, all along, precisely because the last thing that Kersh wanted was for Spender to behave in this way.[11]
Pickens prepared for this role by observing several of Kersh's real-life counterparts at the FBI's Los Angeles office, where, according to the actor, the most useful thing he learned was that most of the people at Kersh's level had been with the Bureau for twenty or twenty-five years and had not reached their positions in the FBI hierarchy by taking their work less than seriously or bucking the system without good reason.[12] Robert Patrick, who portrayed John Doggett, recognized that his own character and Kersh were "both military men – Air Force, Marines".[13] Kersh was depicted as a United States Navy A-6 Intruder weapons officer during the Vietnam War.[5] Both Patrick and director Kim Manners thought that, as Kersh, Pickens would "come in each week and just nail his stuff" regardless of what else was going on.[13] Similarly, Frank Spotnitz thought that "Robert Patrick and James Pickens really had a chemistry, loved playing scenes together. And I think their scenes together were some of the finest ones in the last two years of the show."[10]
Reception[edit]
Michael Avalos, writing for the Knight Ridder Tribune, felt positively about the introduction of Kersh, saying he harbored "almost fond memories" of the former recurring character, Section Chief Scott Blevins, played by Charles Cioffi.[14] George Avalos and Michael Liedtke from the Contra Costa Times reacted positive towards James Pickens, Jr.'s performance in the eighth season's "Via Negativa", saying the story "clicked" thanks to Kersh and Walter Skinner.[15] Salon writer Aaron Kinner when writing a review for the ninth season, noted that he was the first black character since X's introduction in season four, while not positive towards the character's development during the ninth season and the season overall.[16]
Writing for Cinefantastique about the character's introduction, Paul Vitaris called Pickens "a fine addition to the cast" of the series, describing his portrayal of Kersh as "a strong presence".[17] However, during a review of the eighth season two years later, Vitaris described Kersh as "one of the most one-note characters yet" on the series.[17] Robert Shearman and Lars Pearson, in their book Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen, describe Kersh's return in the eighth season as "contrived but forgivable".[18] Shearman and Pearson noted that the character is "an effective obstruction to any number of X-Files cases, but he can hardly be considered a lead villain".[19]
In 1999, Pickens was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series for his work as Kersh, alongside Gillian Anderson, William B. Davis, David Duchovny, Mitch Pileggi and Chris Owens.[20]
Footnotes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (November 8, 1998). "The Beginning". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 1. Fox Broadcasting Company.
2.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (writer & director) (November 22, 1998). "Triangle". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 3. Fox Broadcasting Company.
3.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Vince Gilligan (writer) (November 15, 1998). "Drive". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 2. Fox Broadcasting Company.
4.Jump up ^ Michael Watkins (director); Vince Gilligan (writer) (January 24, 1999). "Tithonus". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 10. Fox Broadcasting Company.
5.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (November 5, 2000). "Within". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 1. Fox Broadcasting Company.
6.Jump up ^ Tony Wharmby (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (April 1, 2001). "Deadalive". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 15. Fox Broadcasting Company.
7.Jump up ^ Rod Hardy (director); Steven Maeda (writer) (April 29, 2001). "Vienen". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 18. Fox Broadcasting Company.
8.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (writer); Kim Manners (director) (May 20, 2001). "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. Fox Broadcasting Company.
9.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 12, 2002). "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox.
10.^ Jump up to: a b c Frank Spotnitz (2003). Audio Commentary for "Deadalive" (DVD). The X-Files Mythology, Volume 4 – Super Soldiers: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
11.Jump up ^ Frank Spotnitz (2005). Audio Commentary for "One Son" (DVD). The X-Files Mythology, Volume 3 – Colonization: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
12.Jump up ^ Meisler, pp. 10–18.
13.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners; Robert Patrick (2003). Audio Commentary for "Within" (DVD). The X-Files Mythology, Volume 3 – Colonization: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
14.Jump up ^ Avalos, Michael (November 19, 1998). "X-Cursions: This episode gave everyone a headache.". Knight Ridder Tribune.
15.Jump up ^ Andersen, Soren (June 19, 1998). "Movie Review: The X-Files Will Satisfy Series fans / Movie Version of TV Series Packed With Paranoia, Plot Twists, Romantic Tension". Contra Costa Times.
16.Jump up ^ Kinney, Aaron (May 17, 2002). "The truth is, um, where, exactly?". Salon. Retrieved October 23, 2009.
17.^ Jump up to: a b Vitaris, Paula (October 1999). "Series creator Chris Carter on tying up the loose ends for the show's final season". Cinefantastique 31 (8): 26.
18.Jump up ^ Shearman and Pearson, p. 229
19.Jump up ^ Shearman and Pearson, p. 260
20.Jump up ^ "The 5th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild. Retrieved April 12, 2012.
References[edit]

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Meisler, Andy (2000). The End and the Beginning: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 5. HarperPrism. ISBN 0-06-107595-7.
Shearman, Robert; Pearson, Lars (2009). Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen. Mad Norwegian Press. ISBN 0-9759446-9-X.

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Jeffrey Spender

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For the former Federal Court of Australia judge, see Jeffrey Spender (judge).

Jeffrey Spender
A man is dressed in a white shirt and black suit with a red and cream tie. An FBI badge is clipped on. Behind the man, there is a large poster featuring an UFO.
Chris Owens as Jeffrey Spender
 
First appearance
"Patient X"
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Portrayed by
Chris Owens
 Michal Suchanek (young)
Information

Occupation
FBI Special agent
Birthname
Jeffrey Frank Spender
Affiliated with
Syndicate
FBI Special agent Jeffrey Frank Spender is a fictional character in the American Fox television series The X-Files, a science fiction show about a government conspiracy to hide or deny the truth of alien existence. Spender (along with his partner, Diana Fowley) was in control of the X-Files office after Fox Mulder's and Dana Scully's forced leaves in "The Beginning". The X-Files office is concerned with cases with particularly mysterious or possibly supernatural circumstances that were left unsolved and shelved by the FBI. Portrayed by Canadian actor Chris Owens, Spender was a recurring character during the fifth, sixth and final season of The X-Files.
Federal Bureau of Investigation Special agent Spender made his first appearance in the fifth season 1998 episode "Patient X". During his earlier appearances in the series, because of Mulder's belief in extraterrestrial life, Spender acted unfriendly towards him. But when re-appearing in the ninth season, Spender had moved on to respect and agree with Mulder's beliefs, which is proven to him in "Two Fathers", when he sees and helps to kill an alien rebel.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history 2.1 Creation and early development
2.2 Later development in Season 9
3 Reception
4 References
Character arc[edit]
Spender was a skeptic who was assigned to The X-Files after Fox Mulder's forced leave. Spender is the son of the "Cigarette Smoking Man", and the "Cigarette Smoking Man's" ex-wife, multiple abductee Cassandra Spender. Heavily involved in the Syndicate at that time, the "Cigarette Smoking Man" abandoned the family when Spender was 12 years old.[1] Subsequently, his mother was driven insane by what she claims were multiple alien abductions.[1] Shortly after Samantha Mulder was abducted and then returned, Jeffrey and Samantha were raised together by his father in California.[2] Spender met Agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully in 1998. The same year, the "Cigarette Smoking Man" began sending him letters; however Spender returned them unopened.[1] After his father set fire on The X-Files in "The End", Spender with Agent Diana Fowley start working on the X-Files.[3] Spender got orders from the "Cigarette Smoking Man" to push and eventually get Mulder and Scully fired from the FBI, which he eventually does in "Two Fathers".[4] Later on he reinstates Mulder and Scully to The X-Files but is shot in the head and apparently killed by his father in "One Son".[5]
Three years later it is revealed in "William", that he survived the gunshot, but was subjected to horribly disfiguring experiments at the hand of his father. Posing as Mulder, he infiltrated Scully's house, and injected William with a magnetite substance to seemingly "cure" the baby of his telekinetic powers. The motivation or repercussions of his actions are never fully explained.[6] He testified for the defense during Mulder's murder trial in "The Truth". He also revealed during the trial that Teena Mulder was having an affair with the "Cigarette Smoking Man", and that he and Fox Mulder are half-brothers. A DNA test conducted on a disfigured Spender in the episode "William" initially led agents Scully, Doggett and Reyes to believe he was Mulder thus lending further credence to Spender's claim that both he and Mulder are the children of the "Cigarette Smoking Man".[7]
Conceptual history[edit]
Creation and early development[edit]
Chris Owens had previously portrayed the Cigarette Smoking Man in the episodes, "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man" and "Demons", he had portrayed The Great Mutato in "The Post-Modern Prometheus" on the show before being cast as Spender. Owens had also landed a guest role on The X-Files spin-off Millennium.[8] Chris Carter and David Duchovny were so pleased with his portrayal of The Great Mutato that he was picked for the role, without making an audition. Most of the crew members reacted positively to the selection.[9] When creating the character of Spender, Carter had no long term plans for Owens involvement, meaning that Spender's involvement wouldn't differ much from different previous recurring characters of the show.[10] Michal Suchanek made a small cameo appearance in "The Red and the Black" as a young version of Spender.[1]
However, as the fifth season's production period entered its final months, rumors began to circulate – especially among the production crew members in Vancouver, Canada – about the future of the series, particularly concerning whether the show would be moving to Los Angeles, California for the sixth season and whether the new recurring character of Jeffrey Spender was planned (in case David Duchovny cut back his commitment to the series) to become a replacement for Duchovny's character of Fox Mulder – either as a part-time or full-fledged substitute.[11] Other, contradictory rumors that Owens heard were that either he or Duchovny would appear in only eight episodes of the sixth season and that his casting as Spender was a sign that the series would either be leaving Vancouver or staying there.[11] According to the actor himself, he always knew that Duchovny would not be leaving the series but only discovered that The X-Files would indeed be moving to Los Angeles when the official announcement was made.[11]
According to Owens, he first learned of Spender's seeming demise in "One Son" via the usual way – when Chris Carter phoned the actor to discuss his latest script – and, upon Carter telling him that Jeffrey Spender would make an heroic exit from the series' story arc, Owens questioned himself about this news as he was slightly unable to believe that he was leaving the series so soon. Apparently, the news of Spender's departure from the series was confirmed for him shortly thereafter, however, when he received the episode's script.[12]
When it came time to film Spender's final scene in "One Son", actor William B. Davis became upset, saying that he didn't want to shoot Owens and adding that he enjoyed working with the actor. On the other hand, Davis had no trouble with slapping Owens, in a scene of "Two Fathers" in which Spender is twice hit by the Cigarette Smoking Man.[13]
Later development in Season 9[edit]
"That makeup job that Owens endured probably took maybe six hours. Cheri Metcalfe, she would come up with these designs and sketches and bring them to myself and Chris [Carter] and Frank [Spotnitz], and the three of us would pow-wow with Vince Gilligan and John Shiban, and most of those makeup decisions or any creative decision were really kind of done or decided as a team."[14]
— Kim Manners talking about Owens make-up job during his return to the last season.
Three years after Spender had been written out of the series and actor Chris Owens had moved to Toronto, Canada, Owens received an unexpected phone call from David Duchovny, who said that The X-Files' production crew was filming the series' finale as well as another episode late in the season, and that he wanted to bring Spender back for these two episodes. Duchovny reassured Owens that Spender's survival of the shooting years earlier could be explained away via the plot device of an alien injection but mentioned that the experience would not be fun for Owens, as he would be "under all that shit"; Owens did not realize what Duchovny meant until he got to the studio and personally saw the makeup for Spender's disfigured appearance, a sight that shocked Owens.[15]
Reception[edit]
Entertainment Weekly writer Ken Tucker called Chris Owens portrayal of Spender "gloriously stiff-necked".[16] Lon Grahnke from The Chicago Sun-Times responded positively to the character, calling Spender "devious".[17] Shortly after the premiere of "Terms of Endearment", Owens started to notice "strange reactions" from people on the street. He assumed their odd expressions were those of "annoyance" with his character because of his actions. One day, one particularly aggravated fan of the series actually shook his finger at Owens and called him a "Paper shredder!".[18]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d Director: Chris Carter Writer(s): Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz. "The Red and the Black". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 14. Fox Broadcasting Company.
2.Jump up ^ Director: Kim Manners Writer(s): Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz. "Closure". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 11. Fox Broadcasting Company.
3.Jump up ^ Director: R. W. Goodwin Writer(s): Chris Carter. "The End". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 20. Fox Broadcasting Company.
4.Jump up ^ Director: Kim Manners Writer(s): Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz. "Two Fathers". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 11. Fox Broadcasting Company.
5.Jump up ^ Director: Rob Bowman Writer(s): Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz. "One Son". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 12. Fox Broadcasting Company.
6.Jump up ^ Director: David Duchovny Writer(s): David Duchovny, Frank Spotnitz & Chris Carter. "William". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 16. Fox Broadcasting Company.
7.Jump up ^ Director: Kim Manners Writer(s): Chris Carter. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19-20. Fox Broadcasting Company.
8.Jump up ^ "X-Files Actor Joins Back Stage West Actorfest 99". Business Wire. January 8, 1999. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
9.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris (2005). Audio Commentary for "The Red and the Black" (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
10.Jump up ^ Gray, Tyler (February 24, 1998). "Special Agent Will Assist Scully, Mulder". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
11.^ Jump up to: a b c Meisler, Andy (1999). Resist or Serve: The Official Guide to The X-Files Volume 4. Harper Prism. p. 294.
12.Jump up ^ Hurwitz, Matt & Knowles, Chris (2008). The Complete X-Files: Behind the Series, the Myths and the Movies. Insight Editions. pp. 98–99.
13.Jump up ^ Meisler, Andy (1999). The End and the Beginning: The Official Guide to The X-Files, volume 5. Harper Prism. p. 284.
14.Jump up ^ Manners, Kim (2002). Audio Commentary for "The Truth" (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
15.Jump up ^ Hurwitz, Matt & Knowles, Chris (2008). The Complete X-Files: Behind the Series, the Myths and the Movies. Insight Editions. p. 100.
16.Jump up ^ Tucker, Ken (November 13, 1998). "Super Freaks". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
17.Jump up ^ Grahnke, Lon (May 15, 1998). "'End' is near Evil forces try to shred `The X-Files' in season finale". Chicago Sun-Times.
18.Jump up ^ Meisler, Andy (2000). The End and the Beginning: The Official Guide to The X-Files, volume 5. Harper Prism. p. 150.

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The Lone Gunmen

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This article is about the fictional characters from The X-Files and their own eponymous television series. For the series itself, see The Lone Gunmen (TV series).

The Lone Gunmen
The X-Files character
Lonegun.jpg
Byers, Frohike and Langly, from left to right
 
First appearance
"E.B.E."
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Information

Affiliated with
Fox Mulder
The Lone Gunmen are a trio of fictional characters, Richard "Ringo" Langly, Melvin Frohike and John Fitzgerald Byers, who have recurring roles on the American television series The X-Files. They also starred in a short-lived spin-off, also called The Lone Gunmen. The name was derived from the lone gunman theory of the John F. Kennedy assassination.
Described as counterculture patriots, they were ardent conspiracy theorists, government watchdogs and computer hackers who frequently assisted central X-Files characters Mulder and Scully, though they sometimes had their own adventures. The Lone Gunmen authored a news publication called The Lone Gunman (once referred to as The Magic Bullet Newsletter; a pejorative reference to the single bullet theory and, like the group's name, a reference to the Kennedy assassination), to which Mulder loyally subscribed. None of them had day jobs; they relied on financial backers who believed in their cause, and the revenue generated by the subscriptions to their paper. They shared a loft apartment where they also worked, and used a 1973 -79 VW Transporter to commute.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Characters 1.1 Associates
2 Origins
3 X-Files appearances
4 The Lone Gunmen series
5 The X-Files: Season 10 (ongoing comic series)
6 References
7 External links
Characters[edit]
John Fitzgerald Byers (Bruce Harwood) was once a public relations worker for the FCC. He was a conservative dresser with a neatly trimmed beard, a stark contrast to his grungier comrades. He had at least some working knowledge of medicine, genetics and chemistry and is known for the famous line, "That's what we like about you, Mulder. Your ideas are even weirder than ours." He was born on November 22, 1963, the same day that President Kennedy was assassinated, so his parents named him after the fallen president. His name would have been Bertram otherwise. Byers was the most "normal" of the three, and while Frohike and Langly were seemingly born angry misfits, Byers dreamed of a quiet, uneventful, suburban life. Byers' father was a high-ranking government official, but they never saw eye to eye and when Byers' father appears in The Lone Gunmen pilot, the two hadn't spoken for some time.
Melvin Frohike (Tom Braidwood) was a former 1960s radical and the oldest of the three. Though a skilled computer hacker, Frohike was primarily the photography specialist for the newsletter. Frohike had a lascivious attitude toward women. However, he had a more purely romantic attitude towards Dana Scully; when she was gravely ill in the episode 'One Breath', Frohike appeared at the hospital in a tailored suit carrying a bouquet. His unique sense of fashion made him stand out: leather jackets, black vests, combat boots, fingerless gloves, etc. Frohike considered himself the "action man" of the trio and would often be seen doing very intense stunts (many rigged to look more impressive than they really were). Despite his childish scraps with Langly and others, Frohike's age and experience gave him a kind of quiet wisdom that occasionally surfaced when he consoled his friends about the sorry nature of their lives. In The Lone Gunmen episode "Tango de los Pistoleros," Frohike was revealed to be a former tango champion who danced under the stage name "El Lobo."
Richard Langly (Dean Haglund) was the most confrontational and youngest of the three. He was a big fan of The Ramones, and enjoyed critiquing the scientific inaccuracies of the short-lived sci-fi series Earth 2, and he had a long-running competition with Frohike over who was a better computer hacker. He also had "a philosophical aversion to having his image bounced off a satellite." His nickname was "Ringo". Langly was a Dungeons & Dragons player (as 'Lord Manhammer') and enjoyed videogames like Quake. In the LGM episode "Octane," it is revealed that Langly is a "32 year old virgin."
Associates[edit]
Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) - an FBI Special agent who was in charge of The X-Files. Mulder first met the trio when they first formed, and they would prove to be his longtime allies and friends. He turned to The Lone Gunmen numerous times when needing information on elements of the paranormal or when he needed to access highly-guarded government institutions. After he disappeared from The FBI, his X-Files partner Dana Scully, his boss Walter Skinner, and his replacements John Doggett and Monica Reyes would ask for the assistance of The Lone Gunmen as well. When Mulder was supposedly found "dead", The Gunmen appeared at his funeral, but when he proved to be alive, they were the ones who tearfully welcomed him back. Mulder was not able to attend the funeral of The Lone Gunmen, as he was still in hiding, but he talked to their apparitions following his resurfacing. Scully, Skinner, Doggett, and Reyes would attend their funeral, and Scully proclaimed that The Lone Gunmen "meant so much to [her]."
Kenneth Soona aka The Thinker (Bernie Coulson) - an unofficial fourth member, a computer hacker, who succeeded in accessing Majestic 12 files and encrypting them onto a digital tape in the season 2 finale of the X-Files titled "Anasazi". The Thinker first appeared in the season 2 episode titled "One Breath". The Thinker was killed by assassins working for the Cigarette Smoking Man, who eventually re-acquired the tape. He was referred to in the first episode of season 3 titled "The Blessing Way" as being murdered, but he was not in that episode.
Jimmy Bond (Stephen Snedden) - another "fourth member", who joined the trio in The Lone Gunmen series. Though he shares the bravery and physicality of his namesake, he initially appears to be rich but not very bright, and is fascinated with the trio, who often consider him a nuisance. His saving grace is his boundless optimism, coupled with an idealistic view that the jaded Gunmen wish they still held.
Yves Adele Harlow (Zuleikha Robinson) - a femme fatale thief who sometimes works with the Lone Gunmen trio (although sometimes she is their rival). The alias Yves Adele Harlow is an anagram for Lee Harvey Oswald. She plans to star in a biopic about Jean Harlow. The Lone Gunmen are obsessed with John F. Kennedy's assassination (Kennedy and Monroe were having an affair), which was supposedly committed by Lee Harvey Oswald. It was later revealed in the X-Files episode "Jump the Shark" that Yves' real name was Lois Runtz.
Kimmy the Geek (Jim Fyfe) - an expert hacker and a Star Trek fan who occasionally helps the trio. He is the twin brother of Jimmy the Geek, a character killed by a bus in The X-Files episode "Three of a Kind", played by the same actor.
Susanne Modeski (Signy Coleman) - was an employee at the Advanced Weapon Research Centre at White Stone Army Base in New Mexico in 1989, who assisted in the development of a biological weapon that creates psychotic hallucinations. After she turned against their employers, she enlisted the help of Byers (then an employee of the FCC), Frohike and Langley (then both freelance hackers, selling bootleg cable hardware) in order to uncover the truth. Though she was unsuccessful in bringing her story to the public, and was abducted by the mysterious government operative known as X shortly thereafter, she was unwittingly responsible for the formation of the group as investigative journalists and their first introduction to Mulder. A decade later, Byers (who harbored feelings for Susanne) encountered her in Las Vegas, where he and the others helped her assume a new identity. Modeski appears in the The X-Files episodes "Unusual Suspects" and "Three of a Kind".
Origins[edit]

Question book-new.svg
 This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2010) 
In the X-Files season 5 episode "Unusual Suspects", it is revealed how the Gunmen initially got together.
In 1989, John Byers meets a woman named Holly in an electronics expo. Holly claims that her ex-boyfriend (Mulder) is stalking her and has kidnapped her daughter. She gives Byers an internet address which is supposed to locate her daughter. The file is encrypted, so Byers enlists the aid of computer hacker/cable salesman Melvin Frohike. Frohike decrypts the file, but when they confront Mulder, they discover he is an FBI agent (who has not yet been assigned to the X-Files). Suspicious, Byers and Frohike get Richard Langly to hack into the FBI network. They discover that Holly's real name is Susanne Modeski, and she is wanted for bombing an FBI lab. The three confront Modeski, and she admits that she works for the Army Advanced Weapons facility at Whitestone, NM. She has developed a gas that causes fear and paranoia, and the military plans to test it on civilians. She then enlists the help of the three to stop the government’s plan. They track the material to a warehouse, where the gas is in a shipment of asthma inhalers. Mulder follows them and is about to arrest them when all five of them are ambushed by two hitmen sent to kill Modeski. A shootout ensues, and Mulder takes cover.
Modeski kills the hitmen as they're about to execute Mulder and promptly flees. A team led by X sanitizes the scene, cautioning the guys to stay out of trouble. The trio got their name as a result of Byers confronting X at this point about the assassination of John F. Kennedy. X's cynical reply was, "I heard that it was a lone gunman."
The police arrive soon after. All three of the Gunmen are arrested, and Byers recounts his story to Detective John Munch. Munch is skeptical, but Mulder verifies the story, so the guys are released. They find Modeski, and she implores them to tell as many people as they can about the government conspiracy. Without warning, a black rental car pulls up, and the occupants force Modeski inside. Later, the guys are visited by Mulder, who says that he has weird ideas in his head that he can't seem to shake.
X-Files appearances[edit]
Despite only minor appearances in early episodes X-Files, the Gunmen became fan favorites, getting their own T-shirts. They also appeared prominently in episodes written by acclaimed science fiction authors William Gibson and Tom Maddox.
Since becoming X-Files mainstays, Gunmen styled technogeeks have appeared on other television series, such as Brian Roedecker on Millennium and Abby Sciuto on NCIS. Similar characters have appeared in many genre series: the Trio, a group of geeky would-be villains in season six of Buffy the Vampire Slayer and a pair of nerdy "paranormal investigator" bloggers who appear in the first season "Hell House" and third season episode "Ghostfacers!" of the show Supernatural, while Invasion featured Dave, a rather Frohike-esque blogger journalist who was determined to bring the truth about alien "hybrids" to the world. On the FX series Terriers, the main characters repeatedly utilized the services of tech-savvy trio who operated out of an RV and were especially skilled in surveillance and computer hacking.
One or all of the Gunmen appeared in the following X-Files episodes, as well as all episodes of The Lone Gunmen. All three characters died in the X-Files episode "Jump the Shark", which aired the year after The Lone Gunmen series was cancelled.
See also: List of The X-Files episodes

Season 1
"E.B.E."
Season 2
"Blood"
"One Breath"
"Fearful Symmetry"
"Anasazi"
Season 3
"The Blessing Way"
"Paper Clip"
"Nisei"
"Apocrypha"
"Wetwired"
The X-Files: The Game (Video game)
Season 4
"Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man"
"Memento Mori"
Season 5
"Redux"
"Redux II"
"Unusual Suspects"
"Emily"
"Kill Switch"
"The End"
The X-Files: Fight the Future (Feature film)

Season 6
"Triangle"
"Dreamland II"
"One Son"
"Three of a Kind"
"Field Trip"
Season 7
"First Person Shooter"
"En Ami"
"Requiem"
Season 8
"Within"
"Via Negativa"
"The Gift"
"Deadalive"
"Three Words"
"Existence"
Season 9
"Nothing Important Happened Today"
"Nothing Important Happened Today II"
"Provenance"
"Providence"
"Jump the Shark"
"The Truth" (Series Finale)
 
The Lone Gunmen series[edit]
Main article: The Lone Gunmen (TV series)
The Lone Gunmen, a spin-off of the popular series The X-Files, is a television show that aired on the Fox network, featuring the characters of the same name. The show first aired in March 2001 and, despite good reviews, was canceled due to a drop in ratings.[1] The last episode aired in June 2001.
The debut of the show in March 2001, began with Byers' father faking his death to uncover a conspiracy to hijack an airliner. The Lone Gunmen try to get to the truth of his supposed death and uncover the conspiracy.
One retrospectively interesting aspect of this pilot episode is that the airliner has been hijacked (via remote control of the plane's autopilot) and, by the end, both Byers and his father have boarded the plane to try to stop the hijacking. Through the aid of the other Gunmen, they are able to regain control of the plane and just miss crashing into the World Trade Center with the airliner. This, of course, was before the actual 9/11 attack against the World Trade Center later that year. Similar to theories posited about the events of 9/11, the episode's plot indicates that the hijacking was committed as an act of voracity by a greedy American arms manufacturer to ultimately increase its weapons sales by invoking U.S. retaliation against a scapegoated anti-American extremist dictator.[2]

 Their spin-off series involved investigating mostly corporate crime, aided (and sometimes hindered) by a mysterious thief named Yves Adele Harlow (Zuleikha Robinson). Despite fan loyalty, the show was ultimately canceled after 12 episodes. They return to The X-Files in the episode "Jump the Shark" in the show's ninth season where they were then killed off. They briefly reappeared in the series finale of The X-Files, as Mulder spoke to their ghosts.
Frank Spotnitz confirmed that had The Lone Gunmen returned for a second season, the character of Morris Fletcher (played by Michael McKean) was to have become a regular one, either assisting or antagonising (or possibly both) the three main protagonists.


The X-Files: Season 10 (ongoing comic series)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files Season 10
In the second issue of the ongoing comic book Season 10, ex-FBI agent Fox Mulder is investigating the disappearances of Dana Scully and John Doggett and receives a tip from someone with the initials "TLG." This leads Mulder to dig up the graves of The Lone Gunmen in Arlington National Cemetery to which, despite initially surprising Fox while masquerading as the cemetery's security, he is confronted by the alive and breathing Frohike. A descending staircase is unearthed beneath one of the caskets and Mulder is reunited with the rest of the trio. Their deaths in "Jump the Shark" being faked so they could continue their operations more discreetly, TLG are ready to jump into action when Mulder tells them he needs help pinpointing information on the Van de Kamps in order to move forward in the search for Scully and Doggett.
A few questions are on Mulder's mind however - although he's first told that their hand in the creation of the Stuxnet virus for the U.S. military in 2010 is what allows them to continue to fly under the radar, what Fox really wants to ask them is "how'd you boys know i was coming again?" The comic end with a shadowy, silhouetted figure standing alone in the cemetery, just having dumped an empty pack of Morley cigarettes behind him.[3]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ The Warehouse - Ratings for the Lone Gunmen tv show
2.Jump up ^ "9/11 WTC The web of Deceit Was Woven Into America". YouTube. 2001-09-11. Retrieved 2013-09-26.
3.Jump up ^ By Tony 'G-Man' Guerrero. "The X-Files: Season 10 #2 - Believers, Part 2 (of 5)". Comicvine.com. Retrieved 2013-09-26.
External links[edit]
The Lone Gunmen at the Internet Movie Database
Variety/Fan thank you after show was cancelled

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Marita Covarrubias

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Marita Covarrubias
The X-Files character
A blonde-haired woman in a formal suit stands in the foreground; behind her two older men stand attentive but indistinctly-seen
Covarrubias addressing a meeting of the Syndicate
 
First appearance
"Herrenvolk"
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Portrayed by
Laurie Holden
Information

Occupation
Special Representative to the Secretary-General of the United Nations
Affiliated with
United Nations
The Syndicate
Alex Krycek
The X-Files
Appearances
"Herrenvolk"[1]"Teliko"[2]"Tunguska"[3]"Unrequited"[4]"Zero Sum"[5]"Patient X"[6]"The Red and the Black"[7]"One Son"[8]"Requiem"[9]"The Truth"[10]
Marita Covarrubias is a fictional character on the American science fiction television series The X-Files. She was initially introduced as an informant, leaking diplomatic information to FBI Special Agent Fox Mulder to aid his investigation of paranormal cases, dubbed X-Files. However, she was revealed to be an agent of the secretive Syndicate, although ultimately betraying that organization on several occasions. Introduced in the fourth season opener "Herrenvolk", the character remained a recurring presence until the series' finale, "The Truth".
The character of Marita Covarrubias was portrayed by Laurie Holden in all her appearances. She was introduced as a replacement for Steven Williams' character X, after the latter was killed by a Syndicate assassin. Holden's portrayal has received mixed criticism, being compared unfavorably to similar characters from the series.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Conceptual history
2 Character arc
3 Reception
4 Footnotes 4.1 References

Conceptual history[edit]
The X-Files' creator Chris Carter felt it would be "more interesting for Mulder's next contact to be a woman", noting that he "wanted there to be some suspicion about whether Mulder would become involved with her romantically.[11] X, the character who had previously filled Covarrubias' role as an informant in the series, had originally been cast as a female character. However Natalija Nogulich, the actress cast in that role, was replaced by Steven Williams after shooting her first scene.[12]
When auditioning for the role of Marita Covarrubias, Laurie Holden was not allowed access to an episode script, instead simply being told that her character worked for the United Nations and had an air of "intelligent seriousness".[13] The actress had never seen the series before she auditioned for the part, and was required to audition using only three pages of scripted material from what would be her debut episode.[11] Holden was required to learn Russian for the episode "Patient X", and commented that roughly fifteen seconds of screen-time took hours to rehearse.[14] The voice coach responsible for instructing Holden and Nicholas Lea in their Russian dialogue tested their proficiency by asking them to speak to Russian-speaking friends of his over the telephone.[15] Holden felt that the two-part episode "Two Fathers" and "One Son" offered her "cold, emotionless, private" character a chance to come across as "vulnerable, exposed and raw".[11]
Character arc[edit]

 

Laurie Holden portrayed Covarrubias in all of the character's appearances.
Marita Covarrubias is introduced as an informant to Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) after the death of his former source, X (Steven Williams). X scrawls the letters "SRSG" in his own blood as he dies, leading Mulder to the Special Representative to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.[16][17] Covarrubias uses her diplomatic connections to help Mulder infiltrate the Russian province of Krasnoyarsk, allowing him to reach the site of the Tunguska event.[18][19] However, it is later seen that Covarrubias is working for The Smoking Man (William B. Davis) and the Syndicate.[20][21]
During the fifth season, the Syndicate discovered that Covarrubias had betrayed them and was providing information to Mulder. As a result, Syndicate scientists infect her with black oil in order to test a vaccine they had been working to create.[22][23] In the following season, Covarrubias is discovered by FBI agent Jeffrey Spender (Chris Owens) at a decontamination chamber. She begs him to help her escape the facility, addressing him by name as well as giving him information about the whereabouts of his mother, Cassandra. Alex Krycek (Nicholas Lea), a former Syndicate agent now acting alone, is also present at the facility. He declines to help the pair, and leaves Covarrubias for dead.[24][25][26]
Covarrubias returns in the seventh season episode "Reqiuem", restored to health. She makes contact with Krycek at the behest of The Smoking Man, who wishes to resume the work of the now-eradicated Syndicate. Having been given the location of a downed UFO, she and Krycek betray The Smoking Man, instead going to FBI assistant director Walter Skinner and Mulder to inform them about the craft. They later turn on The Smoking Man, pushing him down a flight of stairs and leaving him for dead.[9]
In the series finale "The Truth", Skinner seeks Covarrubias as a witness in Mulder's trial for murder. After Skinner fails to track her down, the ghost of X hands Mulder a scrap of paper with her new address on it. She is called upon to testify, and speaks about her involvement with the Syndicate to some extent. However, when pressed for further information about the continuation of the conspiracy she clams up, and at Mulder's request is dismissed from the stand for fear that if she divulges certain knowledge, she would be killed.[10]
Reception[edit]
The character of Marita Covarrubias has been met with generally negative criticism. Robert Shearman and Lars Pearson, in their book Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen, felt that the character was "used so perfunctorily since her introduction" that her appearances added little to the episodes she featured in, describing her as a "bad parody" of the earlier characters Deep Throat and X.[27] Debra Warlick, writing for Cinefantastique, felt that Holden's acting in "One Son" was "heart breaking [sic]", but found that she had "unfortunately" been used simply to convey a plot point to other characters.[28] Also writing for Cinefantastique, Paula Vitaris noted that Covarrubias "is a problematic character", adding that "she never breaks out of her function as a plot device".[29] Zack Handlen, writing for The A.V. Club, felt that Covarrubias' introduction in "Herrenvolk" was ill-timed, noting that it "deflates the importance" of X's death in the episode.[30]
Writer Frank Spotnitz has described Covarrubias, along with Alex Krycek, as "young, attractive, vital [and] dangerous" compared to the other, older, characters working for the Syndicate.[31] Holden has compared the character to Mata Hari, adding that "you can't really read what she's saying or what her intentions are".[13] During the series' initial broadcast run, fans referred to Covarrubias as "UNblonde", a reference to her United Nations posting and her dyed hair.[11]
Footnotes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), p. 19
2.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), p. 48
3.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), p. 95
4.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), p. 166
5.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), p. 220
6.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), p. 172
7.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), p. 172
8.Jump up ^ Meisler (2000), p. 147
9.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 21, 2000). "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. Fox.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 12, 2002). "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox.
11.^ Jump up to: a b c d Hughes, David (October 1999). "Laurie Holden: The UNblonde on playing femme fatale Marita Covvarubias". Cinefantastique 31 (8): 40–41.
12.Jump up ^ Paul Rabwin (narrator). Deleted Scenes: Sleepless (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Second Season: Fox Broadcasting Company. Event occurs at 00:59–01:19.
13.^ Jump up to: a b Flaherty, Mike (April 25, 1997). ""X" and the Single Girl". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 1, 2012.
14.Jump up ^ Laurie Holden & Rob Bowman (narrators). Behind the Truth: Laurie Holden (featurette). The X-Files: The Complete Fifth Season: Fox. Event occurs at 00:38–00:53. Unknown parameter |titleyear= ignored (help)
15.Jump up ^ Fraga, p. 23
16.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (October 4, 1996). "Herrenvolk". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 1. Fox.
17.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), pp. 19–25.
18.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (November 24, 1996). "Tunguska". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 8. Fox.
19.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), pp. 95–101
20.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (March 1, 1998). "Patient X". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 13. Fox.
21.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), pp.173–184
22.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (March 8, 1998). "The Red and the Black". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 14. Fox.
23.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), pp.187–196
24.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (February 7, 1999). "Two Fathers". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 11. Fox.
25.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (February 14, 1999). "One Son". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 12. Fox.
26.Jump up ^ Meisler (2000), 135–156
27.Jump up ^ Shearman and Pearson, p. 102
28.Jump up ^ Warlick, Debra (October 1999). "X-Files: Series creator Chris Carter on tying up the loose ends for the show's final season". Cinefantastique 31 (8): 35.
29.Jump up ^ Vitaris, Paula (October 1997). "Returning from Space, Glen Morgan and James Wong re-join the X-Files". Cinefantastique 29 (4–5): 35.
30.Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (September 25, 2010). ""Herrenvolk"/"Pilot" | The X-Files/Millennium | TV Club". The A.V. Club. Retrieved March 9, 2012.
31.Jump up ^ Flaherty, Mike (September 22, 2000). "Apocalypse How? 'The X-Files' Explained". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 1, 2012.
References[edit]
Edwards, Ted (1996). X-Files Confidential. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0316218081.
Fraga, Erica (2010). LAX-Files: Behind the Scenes with the Los Angeles Cast and Crew. CreateSpace. ISBN 1451503415.
Meisler, Andy (1998). I Want to Believe: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 3. Harper Prism. ISBN 0061053864.
Meisler, Andy (1999). Resist or Serve: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 4. Harper Prism. ISBN 0061073091.
Meisler, Andy (2000). The End and the Beginning: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 5. Harper Prism. ISBN 0061075957.
Shearman, Robert; Pearson, Lars (2009). Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen. Mad Norwegian Press. ISBN 097594469X.

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Deep Throat (The X-Files)

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For the episode named "Deep Throat", see Deep Throat (The X-Files episode).

Deep Throat
The X-Files character
DeepThroatx.jpg
Deep Throat's first appearance in the series
 
First appearance
"Deep Throat"
Last appearance
"The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati"
Portrayed by
Jerry Hardin (7)
Information

Occupation
FBI Agent
Affiliated with
Men in Black
 Federal Bureau of Investigation, The X-Files
Deep Throat is a fictional character on the American science fiction television series The X-Files. He serves as an informant, leaking information to FBI Special Agent Fox Mulder to aid Mulder's investigation of paranormal cases, dubbed X-Files. Introduced in the series' second episode, also named "Deep Throat", the character was killed off during the first season finale "The Erlenmeyer Flask"; however, he later made several appearances in flashbacks and visions.
The character of Deep Throat was portrayed by Jerry Hardin in all his appearances. After the character was killed, Steven Williams was introduced in the second season episode "The Host" to portray his successor, X. The creation of Deep Throat was inspired by the historical Deep Throat, Mark Felt, who leaked information on the Watergate scandal, and by Donald Sutherland's character X in the film JFK.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Conceptual history
2 Character arc
3 Reception
4 Footnotes 4.1 References

Conceptual history[edit]
Series creator Chris Carter has stated that the character of Deep Throat was "of course" inspired by the historical Deep Throat.[1] The real Deep Throat was an informant leaking information on the FBI's investigation of the Watergate scandal to journalists Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward.[2] This Deep Throat was later revealed to be FBI Associate Director Mark Felt.[3] Also cited as an influence on the fictional Deep Throat was X, the character portrayed by Donald Sutherland in the 1991 Oliver Stone film JFK.[1] In the film, Sutherland's X reveals information about the possibility that the assassination of John F. Kennedy was orchestrated by elements within the American government.[4] Carter felt he needed to create a character who would bridge the gap between FBI agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) and the shadowy conspirators who were working against them; he conceived of a character "who works in some level of government that we have no idea exists".[1]
Carter was drawn to actor Jerry Hardin after seeing him in 1993's The Firm.[5] Hardin believed his initial appearance would be a one-time role, although he soon found himself regularly commuting to the series' Vancouver filming location on short notice.[6] Producer Howard Gordon has spoken of the elusiveness of the character's allegiances, stating that during production, it was often left ambiguous whether he was "ally or foe".[7] After filming the character's death in the first season finale, "The Erlenmeyer Flask", Hardin was toasted with champagne, and told by Carter that "no one ever really dies on X-Files".[5] As such, Hardin made several more appearances as Deep Throat after this—seen in visions in the third season's "The Blessing Way" and the seventh season's "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati", in flashbacks in the fourth season's "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man", and as one of the guises assumed by a shapeshifting alien in the third season's finale, "Talitha Cumi".[8]
Character arc[edit]
During the first season of The X-Files, Deep Throat provided Mulder and Scully with information they would have been otherwise unable to obtain. As a member of the then-unseen Syndicate, he was in a position to know a great deal of information. Deep Throat felt that the truth the Syndicate kept secret from the public needed to be known, and believed Mulder to be the one person capable of exposing this knowledge.[9][10] However, during the disappearance of Max Fenig, Deep Throat provided Mulder with false information in order to divert him, later explaining that he believed the public was just not ready to know some truths.[11][12]
During the Vietnam War, Deep Throat worked for the Central Intelligence Agency. When a UFO was shot down over Hanoi by US Marines, the surviving extraterrestrial was brought to Deep Throat, who executed it. He later claimed that his assisting Mulder was his way of atoning for his actions. He also stated that he was "a participant in some of the most insidious lies and witness to deeds that no crazed man could imagine".[11]
In the first season finale of The X-Files, "The Erlenmeyer Flask", Mulder was taken hostage by a group of Men in Black operatives, following his investigation into an alien-human hybrid program. Fearing for Mulder's life, Deep Throat helped Scully gain access to a high containment facility, where she managed to secretly remove a cryogenically-preserved alien fetus for use as collateral in saving Mulder. In the subsequent meeting between the operatives and Deep Throat, he was gunned down by an assassin, the Crew Cut Man.[13][14] Deep Throat was buried at the Arlington National Cemetery.[15][16] The character later appeared in dreams and visions experienced by Mulder during his recuperation on a Navajo reservation,[17][18] and again years later while being experimented on by The Smoking Man.[19]
Reception[edit]
The character of Deep Throat has been well received by critics and fans. Entertainment Weekly described Hardin's performance as "world-weary and heavyhearted",[20] and listed his appearance in the character's eponymous début episode as the 37th greatest television moment of the 1990s.[21] However, they felt at times that his presence in episodes such as "Ghost in the Machine" seemed "gratuitous".[22] Reviewing the character's début episode, the San Jose Mercury News called Deep Throat "the most interesting new character on television".[23] Chris Carter has stated that Hardin's performance gave the series an element of "believability" that it needed;[24] and felt that the episode "E.B.E." was a great opportunity to expand the character's role.[7] Writing for the A.V. Club, Zack Handlen called Deep Throat's death "a shocking moment, even when you know it's coming", praising the "desperation" evident in Hardin's performance, although lamenting the "curse of continuity" that led to the character being quickly replaced with Steven Williams' X.[25] Ben Rawson-Jones, writing for Digital Spy, felt that Deep Throat's tenure on The X-Files was "arguably the show's peak", and praised Hardin's acting in the role.[26] Brian Lowry, in his book The Truth Is Out There, has noted that the character "helped establish a tone and undercurrent of gravity on The X-Files that was to provide the spine of the series".[27]
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c Edwards, p. 37
2.Jump up ^ Woodward and Bernstein, p. 71
3.Jump up ^ O'Connor, John D. (May 31, 2005). "I'm the Guy They Called Deep Throat | Politics". Vanity Fair. Retrieved December 30, 2011.
4.Jump up ^ Oliver Stone (director) (December 20, 1991). "JFK". Warner Bros..
5.^ Jump up to: a b Lovece, p. 27
6.Jump up ^ Lovece, pp. 27–28
7.^ Jump up to: a b Edwards, p. 54
8.Jump up ^ Edwards, p. 242
9.Jump up ^ Larry Shaw (director); Howard Gordon & Alex Gansa (writers) (November 19, 1993). "Fallen Angel". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 9. Fox.
10.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 123–124
11.^ Jump up to: a b William Graham (director); Glen Morgan & James Wong (writers) (February 18, 1994). "E.B.E.". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 17. Fox.
12.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 138–139
13.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 13, 1994). "The Erlenmeyer Flask". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 24. Fox.
14.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 155–156
15.Jump up ^ David Nutter (director); Glen Morgan & James Wong (writers) (September 16, 1994). "Little Green Men". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 1. Fox.
16.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 161–162
17.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (September 22, 1995). "The Blessing Way". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 1. Fox.
18.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 231–233
19.Jump up ^ Michael Watkins (director); Chris Carter & David Duchovny (writers) (November 14, 1999). "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 2. Fox.
20.Jump up ^ "X Cyclopedia: The Ultimate Episode Guide, Season 1". Entertainment Weekly. November 29, 1996. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
21.Jump up ^ Bruce Fretts (February 19, 1999). "The 100 Greatest Moments in Television: 1990s | TV | EW.com". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
22.Jump up ^ "X Cyclopedia: The Ultimate Episode Guide, Season 1". Entertainment Weekly. November 29, 1996. Retrieved December 29, 2011.
23.Jump up ^ "The 'X-Files' Informant is Out There, Speaking on All Kinds of Levels". San Jose Mercury News. November 19, 1993. Retrieved April 30, 2011.
24.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (narrator). "Chris Carter Speaks about Season One Episodes: E.B.E.". The X-Files: The Complete First Season (DVD) (Fox).
25.Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (August 8, 2008). ""Born Again/Roland/The Erlenmeyer Flask" | The X-Files/Millennium | TV Club | TV | The A.V. Club". The A.V. Club. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
26.Jump up ^ Rawson-Jones, Ben (April 21, 2007). "Cult Spy Icon #2: Deep Throat - 'The X Files' - US TV News". Digital Spy. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
27.Jump up ^ Lowry, p. 91
References[edit]
Woodward, Bob; Bernstein, Carl (1974). All the President's Men. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-684-86355-3.
Edwards, Ted (1996). X-Files Confidential. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0-316-21808-1.
Lovece, Frank (1996). The X-Files Declassified. Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-1745-X.
Lowry, Brian (1995). The Truth is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105330-9.

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Alex Krycek

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Alex Krycek
Alex Krycek.jpg
Nicholas Lea as Alex Krycek
 
First appearance
"Sleepless"
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Portrayed by
Nicholas Lea (25 episodes)
Information

Occupation
Russian conspiracy member
Men in Black member
FBI Special Agent
Affiliated with
Syndicate
Alex Krycek is a fictional character in the Fox science fiction television series The X-Files. Alex Krycek is played by Nicholas Lea. He is initially introduced in the second season as a partner for FBI Special Agent Fox Mulder in the absence of his previous partner, Dana Scully. As it progresses, Krycek grew to become one of the show's primary antagonists, appearing subsequently in every season. Krycek's machinations frequently pitted him against Mulder, with whom he shared a complicated relationship. He was variously seen as either a henchman or enemy of the show's primary antagonist, The Smoking Man, changing his allegiance when the situation suited him best.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history
3 Reception
4 References
Character arc[edit]
Krycek is a Russian-American, the son of Cold War immigrants,[1] who makes his first appearance in the season two episode "Sleepless", where Krycek, a young FBI Special Agent is assigned as a temporary investigation partner to Fox Mulder. Krycek proceeds to work with Mulder and attempts to gain his trust.[2]
However, it later becomes evident that Krycek is actually an undercover agent working for the Smoking Man.[2] Krycek plays an important part in several events that are harmful to Mulder and Dana Scully: he assists in Scully's abduction, and murders Mulder's father, William "Bill" Mulder.[3] Krycek also assaults Assistant Director Walter Skinner and acquires a secret tape from him which reveals a US government coverup regarding alien visits to Earth. After a botched attempt on Scully results in the death of her sister, the Cigarette Smoking Man attempts to kill Krycek with a car bomb, but Krycek escapes.[4] Krycek is later found to have been selling the secrets from the encrypted MJ files. Under the influence of the Black Oil, Krycek returns the tape to the Smoking Man, in return for knowledge of the location of an alien ship. The Black Oil-controlled Krycek goes to the ship, which has been moved to an abandoned missile silo in North Dakota. The Black Oil extracts itself from Krycek, leaving him locked indefinitely in the silo with the ship.
Krycek is next found during an FBI raid, and taken into custody by Mulder and Scully. They learn that Krycek was recruited by an extremist militia group on a salvage hunt from the silo in North Dakota, and he informs the agents they must track the source of an extraterrestrial rock, brought to America by a foreign diplomat, to a gulag in Russia. The hunt leads Krycek and Mulder to Tunguska, where they are held captive until Krycek maneuvers his own release. Mulder attempts his own escape, taking an unconscious Krycek with him. When he awakes, Krycek separates into the woods only to encounter a strange group of Russians - all of whom have missing left arms. The men amputate Krycek's arm as well, to keep him from being used in Black Oil experiments. Eventually, Krycek graduates into a more powerful role within this group. He uses any knowledge he has to gain leverage with the Syndicate. He even has had romantic ties to their secretary, Marita Covarrubias (who apparently was using Krycek for her own means in assisting Mulder). Due to this double-crossing, Krycek is temporarily held captive by the Well Manicured Man. Krycek later appears to Mulder as a friendly messenger to tell him that a war has begun, and that Mulder must "resist or serve".[5]
Later in the series, Krycek can be seen switching sides as it suits him, occasionally helping Mulder, Cigarette Smoking Man and other people. He attempted to blackmail Skinner with infectious nanotechnology,[6] but ended up being thrown into a Tunisian prison by the Cigarette Smoking Man.[7] In the season seven finale, "Requiem", Krycek tries and fails to kill the now wheelchair-bound Cigarette Smoking Man by pushing him down a flight of stairs.[7] Later, when Mulder was abducted by aliens and returned in a death-like state, Krycek attempts to again blackmail Skinner, with the means to save Mulder's life. Skinner refuses, and Krycek has a violent confrontation with John Doggett before escaping.[8] In the season eight finale, "Existence", Krycek is shot between the eyes and killed by Skinner, during an unsuccessful attempt to kill Mulder.[9] Krycek's ghost briefly showed up to help Mulder escape a military base in the series finale.[10]
Conceptual history[edit]
Originally, the role of Krycek was offered to Callum Keith Rennie, who rejected it, but later made two guest appearances on the show. Krycek does not appear in the first season, but Nicholas Lea did have a small part in the Monster-of-the-Week episode, "Gender Bender". In the episode, he played a club goer named "Michael". When Lea appeared as Krycek, the producers felt that they could kill him off if the portraying actor didn't do a good enough job.[11] Krycek, who was initially created by writer Howard Gordon to temporarily replace Scully as Mulder's partner for three episodes, eventually grew into a character that lasted eight seasons on the show.[12]
Reception[edit]
Nicholas Lea would also appear as Krycek on the sketch show Saturday Night Live, when David Duchovny hosted an episode. Duchovny and Lea appeared in their roles as Mulder and Krycek, respectively in a sketch that spoofed The X-Files.[citation needed]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Tunguska". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 8. FOX.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Rob Bowman. "Sleepless". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 4. FOX.
3.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin. "Anasazi". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 25. FOX.
4.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Paper Clip". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 2. FOX.
5.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Terma". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 9. FOX.
6.Jump up ^ Daniel Sackheim. "S.R. 819". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 9. FOX.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. FOX.
8.Jump up ^ Tony Wharmby. "Deadalive". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 15. FOX.
9.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. FOX.
10.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. FOX.
11.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris, Duchovny, David, Spotnitz, Frank, Wong, James and Haglund, Dean (2002). The Truth Behind Season 2 (DVD). FOX Home Entertainment.
12.Jump up ^ Hurwitz, Matt, Knowles, Chris (2008). The Complete X-Files. Insight Editions. p. 57.

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The Smoking Man

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"Cancer Man" redirects here. For the Breaking Bad episode, see Cancer Man (Breaking Bad).

The Smoking Man
The Smoking Man (X-Files).jpg
William B. Davis as the Smoking Man
 
First appearance
"Pilot"
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Portrayed by
William B. Davis (32)
Chris Owens (younger) (2)
 Craig Warkentin (younger)
Information

Occupation
Department of Defense
Syndicate member
Men in Black Case Officer
Assassin
Family
Cassandra (ex-wife)
Jeffrey Frank Spender (son)
Fox Mulder (son)[citation needed]
Religion
Atheist[1]
Birth name
C.G.B. Spender
Affiliated with
Colonist
Central Intelligence Agency
National Security Agency
Federal Bureau of Investigation, The X-Files
The Smoking Man (sometimes referred to as Cancer Man, the Cigarette-Smoking Man, CSM or C-Man) is a fictional character and the primary antagonist of the Fox science fiction television series The X-Files. He serves as the arch-nemesis of FBI Special Agent Fox Mulder, as well as being revealed to be Mulder's biological father. Although his name is revealed to purportedly be C.G.B. Spender in the show's sixth season, fans continue to refer to him as the Smoking Man because he is almost always seen chain-smoking Morley cigarettes and because he, like other series villains, has multiple aliases.
Although he utters only four audible words in the entire first season of the show, the Smoking Man eventually develops into the series' primary antagonist. In his early appearances, he is seen in the offices of Division Chief Scott Blevins and Assistant Director Walter Skinner, Mulder and his partner Dana Scully's supervisors. A powerful man working for the powers that be, he is a key member in a government conspiracy only known as the Syndicate, who are hiding the truth of alien existence and their plan to colonize Earth. His power and influence remained strong, even after most of the Syndicate was destroyed.
The Smoking Man is portrayed by Canadian actor William B. Davis. When Davis first received the role, the character was written as an extra for the pilot episode. He eventually returned for small cameo appearances during the first season, making increasingly more appearances in the seasons that followed. Davis never received an award for his portrayal alone, but he was nominated for ensemble awards.
TV Guide included him in their 2013 list of The 60 Nastiest Villains of All Time.[2]

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc 1.1 The X-Files: Season 10 (ongoing comic series)
1.2 Characterization
2 Development
3 Reception
4 References 4.1 Notes
4.2 Bibliography
5 External links
Character arc[edit]
Within the series, the birth date and birthplace of the Smoking Man is never revealed. Much of his background is purportedly revealed in the fourth season episode "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man", where one of the conspiracy theorists known as The Lone Gunmen claims Smoking Man was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on August 20, 1940. This, however, is directly contradicted by the third season episode "Apocrypha", in which a young adult Smoking Man is one of three government agents who interrogate a severely burned submariner in the U.S. Navy Hospital at Pearl Harbor, on August 19, 1953. In that scene, Smoking Man was played by 24-year-old actor Craig Warkentin. Yet according to The Lone Gunmen's chronology, Smoking Man would then have been only 12 years old.
Also in "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man", he is said to have grown up an orphan, his father having been executed by electric chair in Louisiana for treason for working as a Soviet spy, and his mother having died of lung cancer from smoking. In 1962, he was stationed along with Bill Mulder at the US Army Special Warfare Center at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. He was known for having a long history in black ops and American intelligence. He was potentially involved in the training of Cuban rebels in the Bay of Pigs. During a meeting with senior military and intelligence officers, one of them gave him a vague explanation of his father's actions - with a speech describing the nature of unrecognized decisions and sacrifice. He was given the assignment to personally assassinate John F. Kennedy. The mission made him a top secret agent for the U.S. He later assassinated Martin Luther King, Jr., as revealed in "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man", though the veracity of that episode is somewhat unclear.[3]
In his first appearance in the series, he oversees FBI agent Dana Scully's briefing and debriefing, and later disposes of evidence Mulder and Scully had brought back from their investigation of an alien abduction.[4] With the Smoking Man hiding truth from the public, Mulder seeks to reveal it to the public and the truth about the disappearance of his sister, Samantha. This leads to a rivalry that lasts until the end of the series.[5]
In later seasons, it is revealed that he is a member of a group known as the Syndicate, a shadowy organization within the United States government.[6] The episode "Two Fathers" reveals his birthname or alias as C.G.B. Spender, and that he was formerly married to Cassandra Spender, with whom he had a son, Jeffrey Spender. He recruits FBI Special Agent Diana Fowley to be a subordinate of his because she has a close relationship with Mulder.[7] In "One Son", Jeffrey finds out that his father, the Smoking Man, forced his mother Cassandra to undergo medical treatments that led to several nervous breakdowns during his childhood years. When the Smoking Man finds out, he seemingly kills Jeffrey. Knowing of the colonization plan, the Alien rebels return to Earth to try to persuade the Syndicate to join their side against their war with the Colonists. Not believing in the strength of the Alien rebels, the Syndicate members meet at El Rico Air Base to be transported to a spaceship to survive the colonization. However, the rebels appear instead of the Colonists and kill all remaining chief members of the Syndicate. Together with Fowley, the Smoking Man escapes the destruction of the Syndicate.[8] Later in the sixth season, there is more evidence that suggested that the Smoking Man is Mulder's biological father. Eventually in "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati", Fowley comes in disagreement with him. Because of his plans to kill Mulder, Fowley helps Scully in her investigation to locate Mulder, which leads to her death. After the destruction of the Syndicate, the Smoking Man started to operate as he wished.[9] However, his cancer resurfaced, and he began using a wheelchair. In the end, Alex Krycek and Marita Covarrubias betray him in the episode "Requiem", throwing him down a flight of stairs, where they presume him to be dead.[10]
Until the ninth season episode "William", the Smoking Man is presumed dead. It is learned that his attempted murder of his son failed, which led him to subject his son to terrible experiments.[11] In the series finale, "The Truth", Mulder and Scully travel through remote New Mexico and reach a pueblo where a "wise man" reputedly lives: he is, in fact, the Smoking Man. He is shown to be in the same condition as when he disappeared, but has degenerated further. He lives a primitive life in hiding from the "New" Syndicate. He tells Mulder and Scully all he has left to reveal (including the fact that the aliens are scheduled to invade in 2012), and shortly after is finally killed by a missile shot from a helicopter ordered by Knowle Rohrer.[12]
The X-Files: Season 10 (ongoing comic series)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files Season 10
The ending of The X-Files: Season 10 ongoing comics series' second issue depicts a shadowy, silhouetted figure standing alone in Arlington National Cemetery, just having dumped an empty pack of Morley cigarettes behind him. The ending, as such, implies that The Smoking Man (or someone bearing an uncanny resemblance to him) fed information to both Mulder and The Lone Gunmen in order for them to cross paths once more while on their quest to find the missing Dana Scully and John Doggett.[13]
Characterization[edit]
Kim Manners, a director of several X-Files episodes, said that the Smoking Man was the show's version of "Darth Vader.[5] Some X-Files fans have categorized the Smoking Man as "evil", making him out to be the villain. Series creator Chris Carter, on the other hand, once called him "the devil", producing a mixed reaction among fans. Some fans, along with the portraying actor, see him as a "hero", as he is forced to make choices others do not.[14]
On the surface, it may seem that the Smoking Man merely tries to hide information from Fox Mulder and Dana Scully, but there is much more to him. He is involved in the Syndicate, a shadow organization which includes members of the United States government that exists to hide from the public the fact that aliens are planning to colonize Earth. Smoking Man often ruthlessly protects the secrets of the conspiracy, and serves as the main antagonist to Mulder, who has an equally consuming devotion to reveal the truth in the first seven seasons.[15] Although his actions can be described as monstrous for the most part, his stated justification is a desire to prevent the alien colonization for as long as possible; in the episode "One Breath", he tells Mulder that he is in the conspiracy (which he calls "the game") because he believes that the secrets he keeps could, if publicly revealed, threaten the social order that preserves society: "If people were to know of the things that I know...it would all fall apart". He is at times shown working towards that goal, particularly in connection with developing a vaccine to protect people from the "black oil", a parasitic agent which the alien Colonists use to propagate themselves.[8]
A special trait about the smoking man is that he apparently shows absolutely no fear of dying. Faced with cancer, gun point, deadly wounds, terminal disease and finally being killed by a missile blast, he always seems remarkably calm and collected. In Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man, it is slightly suggested that his smoking habit is a relief to extreme psychological stress and frustration caused by his profession.
Development[edit]
"I tried to put myself in the character’s shoes and see the world from his point of view. After all, villains don’t think they are villains".
— William B. Davis talking about his character.[16]
When first cast for the role, portraying actor William B. Davis thought a show about the paranormal would not last for long.[17] Before joining The X-Files cast, Davis had not smoked a cigarette in twenty years. For the first two episodes he appeared in, he smoked "real" cigarettes, but later changed to herbal cigarettes, giving the reason that it was "dangerous" for his health.[18] In at least one early script draft from the "Pilot", a Special Agent named Lake Drazen is present at the meeting near the start of the episode, having chosen Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) for an assignment to evaluate the validity of Fox Mulder's (David Duchovny) work on the X-Files. The scene was eventually deleted and replaced, and several crew members have hinted that Agent Drazen became the Smoking Man.[19]
Kim Manners said that it seemed all the prominent pieces created for The X-Files were created by "accident". According to Manners, Davis was nothing more than an extra leaning on a shelf. At the start, the producers of the show were not sure about making the Smoking Man the main antagonist. Paul Rabwin commented once that he didn't know if Davis could handle the role, because he was not sure if he was a "good enough" actor for the role. Manners later commented that Davis knew that the Smoking Man had two different characters, the first being the one played by Davis and the second was the cigarettes. He further stated that the cigarette smoke could tell a "whole story" by itself, thanks to Davis' talent.[5]
Fans of the series were active in debating if the Smoking Man was actually dead after the events of the season five premiere "Redux". In his first response, Chris Carter said he had left clues in the episode, and he later officially announced that the character would appear in The X-Files movie. In one of his last comments on the matter, he said "Not that we haven't brought deceased characters back before, in flashbacks or more paranormal ways. The great thing about The X-Files is that anything can happen".[20]
The Smoking Man is the only character in the series, in addition to Mulder and Scully, to appear in both the first episode, "pilot" and the last, "The Truth" of the series. Portraying actor William B. Davis was listed as CIA Agent in the first season episode "Young at Heart", instead of his usual character, the Smoking Man. Actor Chris Owens for a time portrayed the Smoking Man as a young man in flashbacks. He later plays his son, Jeffrey Spender.[21] Young Cigarette Smoking Man was first played by Craig Warkentin, with Davis's voice dubbed over in "Apocrypha".[22]
Reception[edit]
While not being nominated for any of his work alone on The X-Files, William B. Davis and several other cast members were nominated in the category "Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series" by the Screen Actors Guild Awards in 1997,[23] 1998[24] and 1999 but did not win.[25] The character was regularly voted "The Nastiest Villain" on television polls during the 90s. TV Guide listed Cigarette Smoking Man 20th in their "25 Greatest TV Villains" list. According to the portraying actor, the character had garnered protest from "pro-smokers".[26] Entertainment Weekly writer Jennifer Armstrong cited the character as an example of the old tradition of having only "bad guys" smoking on television.[27]
Davis was included in Entertainment Weekly's list of the 50 Biggest Emmy Snubs, the list's author saying that the presence of the "Cigarette Smoking Man" was as important as "black oil, alien implants, and Scully's skepticism".[28] The Malaysian newspaper the New Straits Times called the Smoking Man one of the most "intriguing" characters of the show.[29] However, Christianity Today said that the mystery behind the Smoking Man had evaporated by the late season episodes.[30] Likewise, Ken Tucker from Entertainment Weekly felt that "the monotonous evil of Cancer Man" had "become actively annoying" in later seasons of the show, being that his lurking presence did not seem as mysterious anymore.[31] Salon reviewer Jeff Stark felt the show was at its best when you "didn't exactly know the motivations of the Smoking Man".[32]
References[edit]
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Silber, Kenneth (October 27, 2000). "'Requiem' Resurrects X-Files Mythology". Space. Archived from the original on May 8, 2009. Retrieved July 11, 2009.
2.Jump up ^ Bretts, Bruce; Roush, Matt; (March 25, 2013). "Baddies to the Bone: The 60 nastiest villains of all time". TV Guide. pp. 14 - 15.
3.Jump up ^ Glen Morgan. "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 7. Fox Home Entertainment.
4.Jump up ^ Robert Mandel. "Pilot". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 1. Fox Home Entertainment.
5.^ Jump up to: a b c Spotnitz, Frank, Carter, Chris, Shiban, John , Manners, Kim and Gordon, Howard among others (2004). Threads of Mythology (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
6.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin. "The Erlenmeyer Flask". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 24. Fox Home Entertainment.
7.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Two Fathers". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 11. Fox Home Entertainment.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Rob Bowman. "One Son". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 12. Fox Home Entertainment.
9.Jump up ^ Michael W. Watkins. "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 2. Fox Home Entertainment.
10.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. Fox Home Entertainment.
11.Jump up ^ David Duchovny. "William". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 16. Fox Home Entertainment.
12.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox Home Entertainment.
13.Jump up ^ The X-Files: Season 10 #2 - Believers, Part 2 (of 5)
14.Jump up ^ Kowalski and B. Davis 2007, pp. 142–143.
15.Jump up ^ Tomashoff, Craig (December 5, 1999). "Television/Radio; Where Have the Confident, Happy Heroes Gone?". The New York Times. Retrieved July 6, 2009.
16.Jump up ^ "Exclusive interview – William B. Davis". Expedientes X. Retrieved July 11, 2009.
17.Jump up ^ Doherty, Brian (October 22, 2009). "An Interview". Space. Retrieved July 11, 2009.
18.Jump up ^ Nuytens, Gilles (October 11, 2005). "Interview with William B. Davis". The Sci Fi World. Retrieved July 11, 2009.
19.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris, Anderson, Gillian, Duchovny, David, B. Davis, William and Williams, Steven (1998). Inside The X-Files (Season 5) (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
20.Jump up ^ Baldwin, Kristen (November 21, 1997). "Dead Man Smoking?". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
21.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris (2005). Audio Commentary for "The Red and the Black" (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
22.Jump up ^ Carter, Chris and Manners, Kim (2005). Audio Commentary for "Apocrypha" (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
23.Jump up ^ "3rd Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Retrieved July 10, 2009.[dead link]
24.Jump up ^ "4th Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Retrieved July 10, 2009.[dead link]
25.Jump up ^ "5th Annual SAG Awards Nominees". Screen Actors Guild Award. Retrieved July 10, 2009.[dead link]
26.Jump up ^ Rampton, James (February 7, 1998). "Where there's smoke...". The Independent (London). Retrieved July 12, 2009.
27.Jump up ^ Armstrong, Jennifer (June 7, 2002). "TV smoking makes doctors gag". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
28.Jump up ^ "50 Biggest Emmy Snubs: No. 50-26". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 11, 2009.
29.Jump up ^ "Trust Is Out There...". New Straits Times. February 11, 1998. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
30.Jump up ^ Hertz, Todd (January 1, 2002). "Opinion Roundup: Is The Truth Out There?". Christianity Today. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
31.Jump up ^ Tucker, Ken (May 16, 1997). "The X-Files (1993 - 2002)". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
32.Jump up ^ Stark, Jeff (January 16, 2001). "The X-Files: Fight the Future". Salon. Retrieved October 17, 2009.
Bibliography[edit]
A. Kowalsi, Dean and B. Davis, William (2007). The Philosophy of The X-files. Kentucky, US: University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-2454-9.
External links[edit]
Cigarette Smoking Man at The X-Files Wiki
Cigarette Smoking Man at the BBC

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Well-Manicured Man

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Well-Manicured Man
The X-Files character
First appearance
"The Blessing Way"
Last appearance
The X-Files
Portrayed by
John Neville
Information

Affiliated with
The Syndicate
The Well-Manicured Man is a fictional character in the American science fiction television series The X-Files. He serves as an antagonist to FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), being a member of the sinister Syndicate the agents seek to foil. Introduced in the third season, the Well-Manicured Man served to highlight discord within the ranks of the Syndicate, and ultimately betrayed them by leaking information to Mulder before committing suicide in the series' first feature film.
The character of the Well-Manicured Man was portrayed by John Neville in all his appearances. According to the series' writers, the character represents a non-violent "voice of reason" amongst the series' antagonists. Neville's portrayal of the Well-Manicured Man has been positively received by critics, who have noted his "moral ambivalence" and "unnervingly genteel" manner.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history
3 Reception
4 References
Character arc[edit]
Introduced at the beginning of the third season, the Well-Manicured Man is an English member of the Syndicate, a shadow organization within the United States government that exists to hide from the public the fact that aliens are planning to colonize the Earth. He is an important member of the Syndicate, along with The Smoking Man (William B. Davis) and The Elder, and was a friend of William Mulder earlier in his life.[1][2]
The Well-Manicured Man prefers subtlety to brute force, and will attempt to manipulate those in his way before using physical violence. Although the Syndicate's goals are opposed to those of Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), the Well-Manicured Man will, at times, aid them with clues or information, believing that letting out a certain amount of information would help to keep the two close, and consequently allow for them to be controlled.[1] The Well-Manicured Man openly despises The Smoking Man, seeing him as impulsive and unprofessional. The two maintain a bitter relationship within the Syndicate throughout the series. The Well-Manicured Man is instrumental in the Syndicate's secondary agenda, to develop a vaccination against the black oil used by the aliens as a means of mind control.[3][4][5] To this end, he works with Russian double agent Alex Krycek (Nicholas Lea) to develop a vaccine, eventually testing it—successfully—on a Syndicate mole, Marita Covarrubias (Laurie Holden).[6][7]
In the 1998 feature film The X-Files, when Scully is infected with the black oil and taken to Antarctica, it is the Well-Manicured Man who, having grown disillusioned with the Syndicate, gives Mulder the coordinates needed to find her and a sample of the vaccine needed to cure Scully. The colonists had kept secret a secondary characteristic of the black oil—that those infected with it for prolonged periods would gestate a new colonist lifeform, killing the host. Upon discovering this, the Syndicate vowed to work more closely with the colonists in the hope of being spared this fate, while only the Well-Manicured Man wished to continue working on a vaccination for resistance. This rejection led to his betrayal of the Syndicate, and to him committing suicide by car bomb before his duplicity was discovered.[8]
Conceptual history[edit]
John Neville has stated that he was originally hired for just two episodes of the series, but that his character "was regularly brought back, because the audience simply doesn't know if he stands for good or evil".[9] Series creator Chris Carter has described the character in terms of his relationship with The Smoking Man, noting that the two characters can be seen as "differing in approach, differing in philosophy and differing in personality".[10] Writer Frank Spotnitz has described the Well-Manicured Man as "sort of the white knight to the Cigarette-Smoking Man's black knight in this chess game that we were playing".[11]
The character has also been described by Carter and Spotnitz as the "voice of reason" within the Syndicate, who "believes that violence is the wrong way to protect the secret" which they guard.[12] The Well-Manicured Man's suicide scene in the series' film adaptation went through several conceptual iterations, with outcomes being considered including an imploding car or suicide by concussion grenade, although ultimately a car bomb scene was decided upon.[12]
Reception[edit]
The character of the Well-Manicured Man has been positively received by critics. MTV's Tami Katzoff has called him a "legendary TV character", noting his "moral ambivalence about the work of his shadow organization" and his ability to show "empathy for Mulder and Scully".[13] Writing for The A.V. Club, Sean O'Neal praised the character's "unnervingly genteel" manner, noting that he represented the polar opposite of The Smoking Man.[14] Fellow A.V. Club writer Todd VanDerWerff has also been positive towards the Well-Manicured Man, feeling that the series would have benefited from making more use of the character.[15] The San Francisco Chronicle's Bob Graham has praised Neville's portrayal of the character in the feature film, calling his expository monologue "a Wagnerian demonstration of the art of declamation".[16] Writing for the Los Angeles Daily News, Michael Liedtke and George Avalos described the character as "white-haired, urbane, genteel[—]and dangerous", noting that he was "equally at ease in Virginia's horse country, the tony rooms of Manhattan's Upper West Side and the antiseptic halls of facilities that house bizarre medical experiments".[17] Den of Geek's countdown of "The Top 10 X-Files Baddies" described the Well-Manicured Man as a "super-smooth, super-creep Brit", noting that he served as "a 'boss' of sorts" for the Smoking Man.[18] Speaking of how the role eclipsed his other acting work, Neville has been quoted as saying "It's OK, though. [The X-Files] gave me a kind of profile that I didn't have before, and one shouldn't grumble about that".[19]
References[edit]
Footnotes
1.^ Jump up to: a b R.W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (September 22, 1995). "The Blessing Way". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 1. Fox.
2.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 231–233
3.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (November 24, 1996). "Tunguska". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 8. Fox.
4.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (December 1, 1996). "Terma". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 9. Fox.
5.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), pp. 95–110
6.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (writer and director); Frank Spotnitz (writer) (March 8, 1998). "The Red and the Black". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 14. Fox.
7.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), pp. 187–196
8.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (writers) (June 19, 1998). "The X-Files: Fight the Future". Fox.
9.Jump up ^ Rosenthal, Daniel (March 8, 1999). "The one that got away". The Independent. Retrieved April 14, 2012. (subscription required)
10.Jump up ^ Chris Carter (narrator). Deleted Scenes: Tunguska (DVD). The X-Files: The Complete Fourth Season: Fox.
11.Jump up ^ Hurwitz and Knowles, p. 73
12.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz (narrators). The X-Files: Commentary (DVD). The X-Files: Fox.
13.Jump up ^ Katzoff, Tami (November 22, 2011). "'X-Files' Actor John Neville Dies: Remembering The Well-Manicured Man". MTV. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
14.Jump up ^ O'Neal, Sean (January 7, 2012). "R.I.P. John Neville, star of The Adventures of Baron Munchausen | Film | Newswire". The A.V. Club. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
15.Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (November 13, 2010). ""Tunguska"/"The Well-Worn Lock" | The X-Files/Millennium". The A.V. Club. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
16.Jump up ^ Graham, Bob (October 16, 1998). "Conspiracy Marks the Spot / 'The X-Files' proves an intriguing thrill". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
17.Jump up ^ Liedtke, Michael; Avalos, George (June 14, 1998). "Who's Who in 'X' World". Los Angeles Daily News. Retrieved June 23, 2012. (subscription required)
18.Jump up ^ "The Top 10 X-Files Baddies". Den of Geek. July 20, 2008. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
19.Jump up ^ "Obituaries: John Neville, George Gallup Jr., Irving Geller". Los Angeles Times. November 24, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
BibliographyHurwitz, Matt; Knowles, Chris (2008). The Complete X-Files. Insight Editions. ISBN 1-933784-80-6.
Lowry, Brian (1996). Trust No One: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105353-8.
Meisler, Andy (1998). I Want to Believe: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 3. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105386-4.
Meisler, Andy (1999). Resist or Serve: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 4. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-107309-1.

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X (The X-Files)

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This is a good article. Click here for more information.

X
The X-Files character
731 x xfiles.jpg
First appearance
"The Host"
Last appearance
"The Truth"
Portrayed by
Steven Williams (12)
Natalija Nogulich (deleted scenes)
Information

Occupation
FBI Agent
Affiliated with
Men in Black
 Federal Bureau of Investigation, The X-Files
X, sometimes referred to as Mr. X, is a fictional character on the American science fiction television series The X-Files. He serves as an informant, leaking information to FBI Special Agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully to aid their investigation of paranormal cases, dubbed X-Files. The character serves as a replacement for Deep Throat, who had been killed off in the first season finale, "The Erlenmeyer Flask". X himself would be killed off after appearing in several seasons, eventually being replaced by Marita Covarrubias.
X is portrayed in the series by Steven Williams, and made his début in the second season episode "The Host", although the character would not appear on-screen until "Sleepless", two episodes later. The role had original been conceived as female, with Natalija Nogulich cast in the role; however, her initial scenes were deemed unsatisfactory by the producers, leading to her replacement. Williams' portrayal of X was intended to introduce a personality completely different to the character's predecessor, Deep Throat, and has been positively received by critics and fans.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Conceptual history
2 Character arc
3 Reception
4 Footnotes 4.1 References

Conceptual history[edit]
The character of X was originally intended to be a woman, and Natalija Nogulich had been cast in the role. However, Nogulich was replaced by Steven Williams after shooting her first scene, as the writing staff felt Nogulich was not able to create the "right chemistry" with her co-stars.[1] Williams had previous experience with writers Glen Morgan and James Wong,[2][3] although it was series creator Chris Carter who suggested him for the part.[4]
Williams' portrayal of the role was intended to act as a counterpoint to Jerry Hardin's portrayal of X's predecessor, Deep Throat. Whereas Deep Throat had been a selfless character, X was written and performed as a scared, selfish character.[5] Prior to the episode "One Breath", Glen Morgan had felt that the character of X was not "going over too well" with fans of the series, as he seemed to simply be a copy of Deep Throat. Believing Williams to be an actor worth having as a series regular, he included in the episode a scene in which X murders witnesses who have seen him speaking to Fox Mulder. Morgan felt that such a scene reflected X's paranoia and the difference between him and his predecessor, noting that "Deep Throat was a guy willing to lose his life for letting out the secret, whereas X is a guy who's still scared".[6] Williams has stated that he has never attempted to rationalize the character's motives or imagine a backstory for him, preferring to play the role with as little background as possible; he once stated "the less I know about him, the more interesting he becomes."[7]
Williams' background in fight choreography, stemming from his role in Missing in Action 2: The Beginning (1985), allowed him to prepare for, and to help create, the character's actions scenes, including choreographing the character's brawl with Mitch Pileggi's character Walter Skinner in the episode "End Game".[8] Williams has also stated that his portrayal of the role is based in part on Avery Brooks' character Hawk on the series Spenser: For Hire.[9]
Character arc[edit]
X was introduced on the series via a phone call made to Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) in the second season episode "The Host", telling Mulder that he had "a friend in the FBI".[10][11] However, the character did not appear on-screen until "Sleepless", two episodes later, aiding Mulder in an investigation by leaking information on a secret military project from the Vietnam War.[2][12] While X's loyalties and his own agenda were often unclear, he proved more than once that he at least does not want Mulder dead. In the episode "End Game", he is approached by Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who pleads that she needs to know where Mulder is, believing his life to be in danger. Initially X refuses, and is subsequently confronted by Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi), who seemed to recognize X. He relinquishes Mulder's location, though not until after a brief but intense scuffle with Skinner.[13][14] In the episode "731", X's loyalty to Mulder is further confirmed. Trapped on a train car equipped with a time bomb, Mulder, about to escape, is attacked brutally by the Red Haired Man, a Men in Black assassin. X fatally shoots the Red Haired Man as he is about to step off the car, then boards the car with only enough time left to save either Mulder or the alien-human hybrid the car was transporting. He opts to save Mulder, and carries him off to safety just as the car explodes.[15][16]
In the season 4 opener "Herrenvolk", X's position as an informant is discovered by the Syndicate. When suspicion arises after the finding of photographs that were taken of The Smoking Man (William B. Davis) by X, false information is planted at the First Elder's behest, in order to root out the leak. Attempting to relay the information to Mulder, X goes to his apartment and is surprised by fellow Men in Black operative, the Gray Haired Man, who fatally shoots him. With his last strength, X crawls to Mulder's doorstep and writes in his own blood "SRSG", meaning "Special Representative to the Secretary General" of the United Nations, and thus, this clue leads Mulder to Marita Covarrubias (Laurie Holden).[17][18] After his death, X appears two more times—in The Lone Gunmen origin story "Unusual Suspects," set before his death, and as a ghost in the series finale, "The Truth".[19][20][21]
Reception[edit]


If Deep Throat was a cheat code to the quest for truth, X is an [sic] walkthrough written by somebody who doesn't want to share his secrets, doesn't like you, and might not even be playing the same game.
—A.V. Club's Zack Handlen on the series' informants.[22]
The character of X has been well-received by critics. Entertainment Weekly included the character in the list of the top 20 Black Sci-Fi Icons in 2009, at number 17.[23] Todd vanDerWerff, writing for The A.V. Club, has praised the "gravitas" of Williams' acting, adding that he wished that the writers "had figured out a way to have him around more often than they did".[24] VanDerWerff's fellow writer Zack Handlen felt that the character's assassination in "Herrenvolk" was "appropriately shocking", calling the scene "one of the most memorable death's [sic] in the series"; although he felt that the immediate introduction of the character's successor, Marita Covarrubias, "deflates the importance of X's loss" in the episode.[25] Handlen has also called X "the best of Mulder's informants", explaining that this is "because he's always pissed off, he's always reluctant to provide information, and you can't ever be sure what play he's really running".[22] Series writer Frank Spotnitz has called X "the meanest, nastiest, most lethal killer on the planet".[26]
Steven Williams has noted that he feels the episodes "Nisei" and "731" were chiefly responsible for the character's popularity with fans.[27] In 1997, Williams was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series for his work as X, alongside Gillian Anderson, William B. Davis, David Duchovny and Mitch Pileggi.[28]
Footnotes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Paul Rabwin (narrator). "Deleted Scenes: Sleepless". The X-Files: The Complete Second Season (DVD) (Fox Broadcasting Company). Event occurs at 00:59–01:19.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Lowry, pp. 169–170
3.Jump up ^ Lovece, p. 116
4.Jump up ^ Edwards, p. 99
5.Jump up ^ Lovece, pp. 28–29
6.Jump up ^ Edwards, pp. 104–105
7.Jump up ^ Lowry, p.76
8.Jump up ^ Lowry, p.77
9.Jump up ^ Watson, Bret (February 9, 1996). ""X Files"'s supporting cast". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved September 16, 2011.
10.Jump up ^ Daniel Sackheim (director); Chris Carter (writer) (September 23, 1994). "The Host". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 2. Fox.
11.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 164–165
12.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Howard Gordon (writer) (October 7, 1994). "Sleepless". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 4. Fox.
13.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Frank Spotnitz (writer) (November 11, 1994). "End Game". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 17. Fox.
14.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 202–204
15.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (director); Frank Spotnitz (writer) (December 1, 1995). "731". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 10. Fox.
16.Jump up ^ Lovece, pp. 206–208
17.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (October 4, 1996). "Herrenvolk". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 1. Fox.
18.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), pp. 19–25.
19.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Chris Carter (writer) (May 12, 2002). "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox.
20.Jump up ^ Kim Manners (director); Vince Gilligan (writer) (November 16, 1997). "Unusual Suspects". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 3. Fox.
21.Jump up ^ Meisler (1999), pp. 12–23
22.^ Jump up to: a b Handlen, Zack (June 27, 2010). ""F. Emasculata"/"Soft Light"/"Our Town"/"Anasazi" | The X-Files/Millennium". A.V. Club. Retrieved December 30, 2011.
23.Jump up ^ Bernardin, Marc (January 19, 2009). "The X-Files, Steven Williams | 20 Black Sci-Fi Icons". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved September 16, 2011.
24.Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (July 18, 2010). ""The Walk"/"Oubliette"/"Nisei" | The X-Files/Milllennium | TV Club". The A.V. Club. Retrieved September 16, 2011.
25.Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (September 25, 2010). ""Herrenvolk"/"Pilot" | The X-Files/Millennium | TV Club". The A.V. Club. Retrieved September 16, 2011.
26.Jump up ^ Chris Carter, Kim Manners and Frank Spotnitz (2000). "The Truth Behind Season 3". The X-Files: The Complete Third Season (DVD) (FOX Home Entertainment). Event occurs at 05:45–05:51.
27.Jump up ^ Steven Williams (narrator). "Behind the Truth: X". The X-Files: The Complete Second Season (DVD) (Fox). Event occurs at 00:37–00:45.
28.Jump up ^ "The 3rd Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild. Archived from the original on March 18, 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2012.
References[edit]
Edwards, Ted (1996). X-Files Confidential. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0-316-21808-1.
Lovece, Frank (1996). The X-Files Declassified. Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-1745-X.
Lowry, Brian (1995). The Truth is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105330-9.
Meisler, Andy (1998). I Want to Believe: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 3. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105386-4.
Meisler, Andy (1999). Resist or Serve: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 4. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-107309-1.

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List of minor The X-Files characters

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For Monster-of-the-Week characters, see List of Monster-of-the-Week characters in The X-Files.
The American science fiction television series The X-Files featured a range of minor characters who appeared in multiple episode. The following list includes those characters who made several appearances in the series in minor roles. These characters helped to expand the series' overarching mythology, or fictional history.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Scott Blevins
2 Luis Cardinal
3 Pendrell
4 Second Elder
5 Max Fenig
6 Theresa Hoese
7 Albert Hosteen
8 Michael Kritschgau
9 Richard Matheson
10 Arthur Dales
11 Billy Miles
12 Bill Mulder
13 Teena Mulder
14 Gibson Praise
15 Bill Scully
16 Margaret Scully
17 Melissa Scully
18 Jeremiah Smith
19 Cassandra Spender
20 Toothpick Man
21 Baby William
22 Footnotes 22.1 References

Scott Blevins[edit]
Section Chief Scott Blevins is portrayed by Charles Cioffi. Blevins was a top official in the Federal Bureau of Investigation who was bankrolled by Roush Pharmaceuticals, the same group that bankrolled Michael Kritschgau.[1][2] In 1992, then Division Chief Blevins assigned Dana Scully to work with Fox Mulder on the X-files, cases that involved paranormal or unexplained phenomena. Blevins believed that Scully would help provide a more scientific analysis of the X-files cases.[1]
The following year, Blevins recommended that Mulder be removed from the X-files due to Mulder's personal agenda regarding the cases.[3] Later that year, Section Chief Joseph McGrath went over Blevins's head in an attempt to order a shut down of the X-files.[4] Mulder and Scully would be later placed under the supervision of Assistant Director Walter Skinner,[5] and Blevins would be placed in the position of Section Chief.[6]
In 1997, Blevins led a joint FBI committee that was investigating the legitimacy of Mulder's work on the X-files and his apparent suicide.[6] After Mulder was discovered alive, he testified before the committee naming Blevins as the FBI mole responsible for giving Special Agent Scully cancer and working with the government conspiracy. Blevins was subsequently killed by another member of the committee who made his death appear to be a suicide.[2]
Luis Cardinal[edit]
Luis Cardinal is portrayed by Lenno Britos who appeared in a total of four episodes. Cardinal was a Nicaraguan mercenary working for the Cigarette Smoking Man, briefly partnered with Alex Krycek, at which time he killed Dana Scully's sister, Melissa Scully, in a case of mistaken identity.[7] He also shot Assistant Director Walter Skinner, who had survived.[8] He was later taken into custody by the Washington, D.C. Police Department, and was then eliminated in prison to keep silent.[9]
Pendrell[edit]
Special Agent Pendrell is portrayed by actor Brendan Beiser. Agent Pendrell first appeared as an employee of the FBI's Sci-Crime Lab who assisted Agent Scully in her investigations in the third season.[10]
Pendrell shows a helpful demeanor, a self-deprecating nature and nurses an obvious crush on Agent Dana Scully. He provides analytical assistance to Mulder and Scully over the course of several episodes, showing a particular aptitude for working with computers and biological materials.[10] His feelings for Scully, however, remain unrequited; in the fourth-season episode "Tempus Fugit", Pendrell runs into Scully in a bar. He seizes the opportunity to buy her a birthday drink. On his way back to Scully's table, Pendrell is caught in the crossfire of a shootout with a Syndicate assassin, taking a bullet. He subsequently dies of his wound, leaving Scully to mourn that she had never even learned his first name.[11][11]
Second Elder[edit]
The Second Elder is portrayed by George Murdock. He is a member of the Syndicate. While it was never made clear what power the Second Elder held in the Syndicate, it is clear that he did not have the same power as the First Elder or Conrad Strughold. He seemed to be a skeptic and wanted to collaborate with the Colonists since he did not believe in the Alien rebels. The Second Elder made his first appearance in "The Red and the Black" in season 5.[12] The Well-Manicured Man showed photos of the Faceless Rebel to the Syndicate Elders at the hospital. The First Elder and Second Elder discussed what appeared to be self-mutilation, but deduced it was some sort of protection against the black oil. The rebel was the lone survivor of a crashed spacecraft at a military base in West Virginia. Already possessing the Russian vaccine obtained by Alex Krycek, the Well-Manicured Man and the Elders realize that their ultimate goal of stopping the alien invasion (whilst maintaining the facade of assisting it), may be achieved by creating an alliance with the alien resistance. To test the effectiveness of the vaccine, Marita Covarrubias was injected with it.[13]
The Second Elder's final appearance was in "Two Fathers". The Cigarette Smoking Man called the Second Elder at his home to inform of the Rebel attack. He had called an emergency meeting of the Syndicate and encouraged the Second Elder to attend. The Second Elder indicated that he would catch the next plane, then hung up the phone. Shortly afterward, he was killed by a Rebel, which then infiltrates the Syndicate's meeting disguised as the Second Elder. The rebel in disguise is later killed by Alex Krycek after a failed attempt by Jeffrey Spender.[14]
Max Fenig[edit]
Max Fenig was a member of NICAP who met Fox Mulder in a military detention, after being captured while investigating a possible UFO crash site. Mulder eventually discovered that Fenig was more than a UFO fanatic, despite Dana Scully's suspicion that his abduction experiences were the result of hallucinations or epilepsy – an illness that was revealed after Fenig suffered a seizure during the episode. Max Fenig lived in a trailer, which was parked at Townsend, Wisconsin, full of UFO material.[4] Besides being an epileptic, he was constantly in fear of being abducted again and had a red scar in the shape of a triangle behind his ear. Fenig had already heard about Mulder and the X-Files. After being captured in his trailer, Fenig was seen for the last time by Mulder in a waterfront dock floating in the air encased in blue light – he vanished seconds later. He reappeared much later, in a two-part episode during the fourth season.[11][15]
Theresa Hoese[edit]
Theresa Hoese (née Nemman) is portrayed by Sarah Koskoff. Hoese was the daughter of Jay Nemman, her first appearance was when she travelled to a cemetery with her father in her hometown of Bellefleur, Oregon. Her father was infuriated with Fox Mulder and Dana Scully, who were preparing to exhume the body of Ray Soames, which he had autopsied earlier. Hoese tried to speak to the FBI agents at the cemetery, but her father forced her to stay in the car in which they had arrived. Eventually, she persuaded her father to leave with her in the car and accompany her home. Later in the same month, Teresa Nemman made an anonymous phone call to Mulder's motel room and informed him that Peggy O'Dell was dead. While Mulder and Scully stood outside one night, Teresa Nemman came to the agents and pleaded for their help. She was later kidnapped by Billy Miles and nearly abducted by aliens, but was saved by Mulder and Scully.[1]
Seven years later she met Mulder and Scully again, married at the time to Ray Hoese, and living with her husband and baby. By this time she had changed her name from Nemman to Hoese. She was later kidnapped by an Alien Bounty Hunter[16] She was returned to Earth in "This Is Not Happening", which led to an investigation by John Doggett and Scully.[17] Theresa nearly died but was saved by Jeremiah Smith. She later appeared in a slide show in "Three Words".[18]
Albert Hosteen[edit]
Albert Hosteen is portrayed by Floyd Red Crow Westerman. Hosteen was a Navajo code talker whom Dana Scully sought out for help to translate the encrypted files on a digital disc obtained by Fox Mulder. He led Mulder to a buried boxcar filled with the corpses of human-alien hybrids.[19] Hosteen saved Mulder's life after he nearly died in the boxcar after an attack by the Men in Black. Soon after, he traveled to Washington, D.C. where he prayed over Melissa Scully in the hospital.[7]
Years later, Hosteen returned when he once again was called to translate alien writing from an artifact found in Côte d'Ivoire.[20] Hosteen was later taken to a New Mexico hospital due to an unexplained illness, with his doctors fearing the worst. Hosteen died after spending two weeks in a coma. Before dying, Hosteen's spirit appeared to Scully several times in her apartment, imploring her to find and save her missing partner before Syndicate scientists could remove and study the immunity he had to the alien virus inside him and use it in their plans for surviving Colonization. Hosteen subtly guided her to Mulder's location encouraging a more spiritual route; Hosteen and Scully prayed for Mulder. The next morning, he vanished, having died the night before.[21][22]
Michael Kritschgau[edit]
Michael Kritschgau is portrayed by John Finn. Kritschgau was an employee of the Department of Defense who claimed to know the entire truth behind the insidious government conspiracy. He encountered Scully in a university laboratory, where he pushed her down stairs while attempting to escape. After Scully tracked him down, he met with her and Mulder to tell them the truth as he understood it. He explained that the entire alien and UFO conspiracy was nothing more than an elaborate series of lies to draw attention away from sinister military experiments on an unsuspecting public.[6] So-called "abductions" were actually careful military tests involving chemical and biological warfare, among other things. Kritschgau's son died as a result of Gulf War Syndrome, which he fell party to because of his work at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and connections to a pharmaceutical company called Roush. Following the incidents, Kritschgau was fired.[2]
In 1999, the discovery of an alien spacecraft off the coast of Africa caused Mulder to begin experiencing intense mental trauma. While in the hospital, Mulder requested that Skinner bring in Kritschgau, who would know what to do. Kritschgau recognized Mulder's symptoms from his work in the CIA and was able to identify the correct drug to slow down Mulder's brain activity to a normal level. He then became involved in the investigation of the spacecraft symbols, having hacked into Scully's computer and downloading the images she took. Kritschgau's involvement was soon noticed. Alex Krycek was sent to steal his files and burn his apartment, but only after he shot Kritschgau dead.[21][22]
The name for this character came from Gillian Anderson's real-life friend from growing up in Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Richard Matheson[edit]
Senator Richard Matheson, portrayed by Raymond J. Barry, was a politician that took a liking to Fox Mulder and was interested in his work at the FBI. After the X-Files were shut down in 1994, Matheson prompted Mulder to visit the Arecibo observatory in Puerto Rico to continue his search for the truth. Eventually, Matheson distanced himself from Mulder because he felt his political career might be in jeopardy.[23]
Later that year, Mulder went to Matheson's office in an attempt to contact him to gain information about Scully's abduction, but he was intercepted by X, who told him that Matheson could not give him the information he wanted without risking himself.[24] He would later give Mulder a lead that led him to government program to import Japanese scientists to the US after World War II.[25] Mulder ran into Matheson years later while investigating a mysterious illness contracted by Walter Skinner. Matheson was directly involved in an illicit deal concerning nanotechnology. The incident further soured relations between Mulder and Matheson.[26]
Arthur Dales[edit]
Arthur Dales, portrayed by Darren McGavin in present day scenes and Fredric Lehne in flashbacks, is a retired FBI agent. In 1952, while Dales investigated suspected communist spies for the House Un-American Activities Committee, he dealt with Edward Skur, a suspected Communist who had an alien spider living symbiotically inside him. He later discovered two more people with the same affliction, and the case became the first X-File.[27] Dales spent the rest of his career investigating X-Files before an early retirement.[28][29] He lived in Washington, D.C. before moving in 1999 to Florida,[29] where he recruited Mulder and Scully to investigate disappearances caused by a tentacled creature in the midst of a hurricane.[28] His brother, also called Arthur Dales (M. Emmet Walsh, and also played by Lehne in flashbacks), was a police officer in Roswell, New Mexico, where he met in 1947 Josh Exley, a baseball player who was actually a disguised alien.[29]
Billy Miles[edit]
Billy Miles, portrayed by Zachary Ansley, appeared in five episodes of the series. First seen as the apparently comatose son of a detective from the town Bellefleur, Oregon, Billy was later revealed to be unwittingly assisting in the abductions and deaths of several of his former high school classmates whilst controlled by another presence.[1] Eight years later, having recovered from these events, and now a sheriff's deputy, Miles contacted Mulder and Scully to seek their aid investigating a possible UFO crash. During the course of this investigation, Miles, and Mulder, were abducted.[16] Miles' body was later recovered, in an advanced state of decay, from which was he not only revived, but recreated as a "super soldier", an advanced form of alien-human hybrid.[30] In this new form, Miles set his sights on killing all of those involved in monitoring Scully's abnormal pregnancy, eventually targeting Scully herself. Despite surviving several grievous injuries in the pursuit, Miles – along with a crowd of others – leave tacitly after witnessing the birth of Scully's son William.[31][32]
Bill Mulder[edit]
William "Bill" Mulder is portrayed by Peter Donat. William was the father of Fox and Samantha Mulder and husband of Teena Mulder. He was born in California in 1936. As a young man, he began working for the government and eventually the State Department. Among his colleagues were Deep Throat, Alvin Kurtzweil, and the Cigarette Smoking Man.[9] In 1973, the group of men became organized as the Syndicate. As part of the colonization plot, the members of the Syndicate were to exchange a loved one each for an alien fetus. Possession of the fetus would allow the Syndicate to begin development of an alien-human hybrid. Mulder was against this exchange and did not appear at El Rico Air Force Base with a loved one as planned. In order to secure the exchange, an alien spacecraft was sent to retrieve his daughter, Samantha, who had been selected by Mulder instead of his son, Fox. Horrified at his own involvement, Mulder came up with the plan to create a vaccine against the alien virus that would be used during colonization. Even though he got his way and development of the vaccine began,[33] Mulder suffered further personal trauma when he and his wife divorced. He moved from their home in Chilmark to another in West Tisbury, Massachusetts.
In 1994, William planned to divulge all his secrets to his son after encountering a clone of Samantha fleeing an alien bounty hunter. However, the Syndicate learned of his intention to reveal the truth to Mulder, and Alex Krycek was sent to prevent it. Krycek murdered William in his vacation home on Martha's Vineyard.[19]
Teena Mulder[edit]
Elizabeth "Teena" Mulder née Kuipers was portrayed by Rebecca Toolan. She was the wife of State Department official Bill Mulder and mother to Fox and Samantha Mulder. Teena was born in Ohio in 1941.[8] Around 1961, Teena had a brief extramarital affair with the Cigarette Smoking Man, a friend of Bill's. In 1965, she gave birth to Samantha Mulder. In November 1973, Samantha was abducted from the family home in Chilmark, Massachusetts, ultimately leading to Teena and Bill's divorce. Teena likely knew more about Samantha's abduction and the Syndicate than she ever let on, but kept this information to herself, either to protect her son, or because it was too painful for her to bring up.[34]
In 1996, she suffered a stroke at the Mulder family's former summerhouse in Quonochontaug, Rhode Island. She survived thanks to a quick emergency call from X, paramedics were able to save her life, but she remained in a coma.[34] The Cigarette Smoking Man later convinced a bounty hunter to heal her.[35][36] Years later in 2000, Teena committed suicide after learning that she was terminally ill with a disfiguring disease called Paget's Carcinoma. Before her death, she subtly requested that Fox accept that Samantha was gone and move on with his life.[37]
Gibson Praise[edit]
Gibson Andrew Praise is a character portrayed by Jeff Gulka. Gibson is introduced as a young chess prodigy who thwarted the assassination attempt on his life by stepping back out of the path of a sniper bullet. Jeffrey Spender was assigned to investigate the case, but Fox Mulder intruded on the briefing and immediately came to the conclusion that Gibson sensed the shot pre-cognitively. The investigation led Dana Scully to find that Gibson had an unusual level of development in one brain lobe not yet fully understood by neuroscience. Mulder thought Gibson might be the key to understanding human potential and to everything in the X-Files. He interrogated the would-be assassin in prison, who said the boy was a "missing link," and Mulder jumped to the conclusion that Gibson had alien genetic structure and was proof of ancient astronauts.[38]
Mulder, Scully, and Diana Fowley attempted to keep Gibson safe and under guard, suspecting that the alien conspirators were the ones behind the attempted assassination, but Fowley was shot while at her post, and Gibson was subsequently kidnapped by the Syndicate.[38] Months later, after the events of the movie, Mulder and Scully found Gibson hiding in their car. Gibson's skull had been cut open and stitched back shut, signs that the Syndicate scientists had conducted experiments or investigations on his brain. They took him to the hospital, where he was soon kidnapped again by an operative of the Cigarette Smoking Man.[39]
In 2001, Scully found Gibson living in Arizona in a school for the deaf, where he was apparently in hiding from alien bounty hunters or a New Syndicate like organization, who wanted him because he was "part alien."[40] At the end of the episode, John Doggett said Gibson had become a ward of the state, and had been put under special protection.[41]
His final appearance was in the series finale, where it was revealed that Mulder had been hiding with Gibson in New Mexico for the duration of his ninth season absence. Gibson volunteered to be a witness at Mulder's trial, despite Mulder's objection that he should stay hidden. After Mulder and Scully leave to make their final escape, Agents Doggett and Monica Reyes vowed that they would try to keep him safe – a promise that Gibson took with a grain of salt, knowing the capabilities of his past captors.[42]
Bill Scully[edit]
William "Bill" Scully, Jr. was portrayed by Pat Skipper and Ryan DeBoer, and Joshua Murray during childhood flashbacks. He was the eldest son of William and Margaret Scully and brother to Dana, Melissa, and Charles Scully. Bill, Jr. had followed in his father's footsteps and joined the US Navy. Bill, Jr. was never impressed with Fox Mulder and got angry with Dana when she did not tell him about her cancer. He did not understand why she had not told anyone, why she was still at work. Dana told him she still had responsibility to the people in her life, even though she had not told them about it. Bill angrily asked Dana if her responsibility was to Mulder, and if so, why was he not with her after she was pushed down the stairs by Michael Kritschgau. She ignored his question.[6]
Dana Scully ended up in the hospital after she collapsed at the hearing into Mulder's death. Mulder first met Bill Jr. when he and his mother came to visit Scully. Bill asked Mulder to leave the work out of Scully's illness, to "let her die with dignity". Later, when Mulder brought the chip to Scully as a possible cure, Bill again attacked him. He accused Mulder of being the reason why he lost one sister and now it seemed like he was losing Dana too.[2]
Bill became increasingly worried about his sister when she stayed with him and his wife Tara one Christmas. Dana received a strange phone call that lead to the house of a woman who had apparently committed suicide. Scully believed that the voice on the phone was Melissa's. She disappeared from the house, physically and emotionally, quite a bit over the Christmas holidays, and Bill became worried when she told him she believed Melissa rang from beyond the grave to get her to help Emily Sim, and that she believed Emily was Melissa's daughter. He sympathized with Scully's desire to have a child, because he and Tara had not been able to become parents for years until the time of the episode. He tried to convince her Melissa was not Emily's mother and showed her a photograph of Melissa obviously not pregnant about four weeks before Emily was born, to which Dana replied that there may have been surrogate motherhood and that the family did not know much about Melissa's whereabouts at that time. Bill and Mrs. Scully are shocked to learn that Dana Scully is in fact Emily's mother.[43] They all attended Emily's funeral and were distraught for Scully.[44]
Margaret Scully[edit]
Margaret "Maggie" Scully was portrayed by actor Sheila Larken. Margaret, or "Maggie" as she was called by her husband, Bill Scully, is the mother of Dana Scully and her three siblings: William "Bill" Scully, Jr., Melissa Scully (deceased) and Charles Scully.[45][46] Margaret was widowed early in the series, since her husband died of a massive heart attack.[46] She may have a bit of psychic intuition – when Dana is kidnapped, Margaret confessed to Mulder that she had had a premonition about Dana, but was afraid to tell her skeptical daughter.[24][45][47]
Melissa Scully[edit]
Melissa "Missy" Scully was portrayed by Melinda McGraw as an adult and Rebecca Codling and Lauren Diewold during childhood flashbacks. Melissa was the sister of Dana, Bill and Charles, and the daughter of William and Margaret. Melissa believed in new age mysticism, whereas Dana was a firm believer in hard science. Melissa came to see Dana when she had returned to the hospital after her abduction and claimed she could feel Dana's spirit was still inside her body.[45]
After Scully discovered the implant placed in her neck, Melissa suggested her to undertake regression therapy in an attempt to uncover the truth about her abduction. Melissa was killed by mistake by Luis Cardinal and Alex Krycek, who were trying to kill her sister, Dana. She was shot in the head as she entered Scully's apartment.[7][48] As Melissa lay dying in hospital, Dana asked for Albert Hosteen to go and pray for her ailing sister,[8] as he had done for Fox Mulder shortly before.[7] However, Melissa soon died.[8]
Dana eventually caught Cardinal with Walter Skinner's help. Cardinal later died in his cell, his death made to look like a suicide.[9] Some time after her death, Scully began to receive mysterious phone calls from someone sounding mysteriously like Melissa. After discovering Emily Sim, Scully is at first under the impression that the young girl is in fact Melissa's daughter, before discovering that she is in fact the child's mother.[43]
Jeremiah Smith[edit]
Jeremiah Smith is portrayed by Roy Thinnes. Smith was an alien member of the resistance against the Syndicate who exhibited healing and shape shifting abilities. He gained public attention after saving the lives of several people following a shooting in a fast food restaurant. It is likely that Smith was an alias, because at least five employees around the country used the name while working at the Social Security Administration. One Smith was captured by the Syndicate and held for execution by the Alien Bounty Hunter but was able to escape and contact Fox Mulder.[34] Mulder and Dana Scully saved Smith from the bounty hunter in hope that he would save the life of Mulder's mother, who had just suffered a stroke. However, Smith brought Mulder to Canada and revealed a Syndicate-run program involving bees. Confronted with the bounty hunter yet again, Smith fled, leaving Mulder on his own.[35]
Smith resurfaced in 2001 after being discovered by Monica Reyes. In Montana, he was found amongst a cult based on the belief that the apocalypse was near and would be brought about by aliens. He helped the cult's leader, Absalom, heal returned abductees. Scully realized he was involved after observing the remarkable healing of the abductees and the fact that someone appeared to change their appearance on a security video. Upon the mysterious return of Mulder, Scully sought out Smith to heal him, but Smith was abducted by the UFO that appeared over the camp.[17]
Cassandra Spender[edit]
Cassandra Anne Spender is portrayed by Veronica Cartwright. Cassandra was a multiple abductee, critical to the plans of the Syndicate. She was the ex-wife of The Smoking Man and mother of Special Agent Jeffrey Spender, as well as "Patient X", the primary test subject in the project to develop an alien-human hybrid.[13]
Cassandra first came to the attention of Special agent Fox Mulder while proclaiming her belief that the aliens were coming to promote peace. At the time, Mulder was disillusioned by the revelations of Michael Kritschgau. He did not believe Cassandra's insisting that the aliens were calling her and other abductees to "lighthouses," where colonization would begin, despite a mass incineration of abductees at Skyland Mountain, where Dana Scully had been abducted three years earlier.[13] A rebel group of aliens who mutilated themselves to avoid infection by the black oil were attempting to destroy the work the Syndicate had done, finally summoning both Scully and Cassandra to the same site in Pennsylvania. Before the rebels could manage to destroy the group, however, an alien craft appeared overhead and abducted Cassandra.[12]
Cassandra later reappeared in a train car in Virginia, where doctors who had been operating on her were burned alive by the same faceless rebel aliens. She had been cured of her former disabilities, but now believed the aliens had far more sinister motives than she had originally thought, having learned of their plans for colonization. Demanding to see Agent Mulder, she explained her newfound concerns, then insisted that she be killed before everyone else died.[14] She was then taken by a decontamination team led by Diana Fowley for her presentation to the alien colonists. Before she could be presented, however, the site was overrun by alien rebels, who killed many of the key players of the syndicate, as well as Cassandra herself.[33]
Toothpick Man[edit]

 

 Dale at the 2008 BAFTA Television Awards.
Toothpick Man is portrayed by New Zealand actor Alan Dale.[49] His role in the series was the leader of the New Syndicate. During the ninth season he worked within the FBI.[50] He is noted for consistently fiddling a toothpick. Although he appeared human, he was exposed to be an alien by Gibson Praise in the final episode (albeit the viewing audience was earlier shown the characteristic alien bumps on the back of his neck at the end of the season nine episode "Providence").[50][51]
Toothpick Man was created to replace The Smoking Man (portrayed by William B. Davis), who had been written out at the end of season 7. He had access to the President of the United States, as can be seen in a deleted scene of the final episode.[52]
Baby William[edit]
Baby William is the son of FBI Special agent Dana Scully, and was born in the eighth season finale, "Existence". Within the show, it is heavily implied that Fox Mulder is William's biological father, though this is never stated outright. Throughout the last two seasons of the series William was encompassed by an aura of mystique, ranging from his origin to the apparent supernatural abilities he possessed. How William came into being has never been conclusively defined by any official sources but several possibilities can be drawn from events of The X-Files final two seasons.
Toward the end of the eighth season, the informant Knowle Rohrer stated that an implant related to Scully's mysterious abduction was likewise related to her pregnancy. At some point, Scully made the decision to have a child through in vitro fertilization, and asked Mulder to be the sperm donor, to which he agreed, as revealed via flashback.[53] It was said in this same episode that the in vitro attempt failed. There were apparently no repeat attempts, and it is unclear exactly when in the series timeline this took place. It is heavily implied throughout the seventh season that Scully and Mulder's relationship was developing into the romantic sphere. In season nine, it was confirmed that at least one sexual encounter had occurred between the agents prior to Mulder's abduction.[54] In "Essence", Mulder's inner monologue reflects: "How did this child come to be? What set its heart beating? Is it the product of a union or the work of a divine hand?" suggesting William may have been conceived naturally through intercourse (supposedly an impossibility for Scully) or by some paranormal intervention, or perhaps some measure of both.[31] In the series finale and The X-Files: I Want to Believe, both Mulder and Scully referred to William as their son. However, it is not made clear whether or not this is an emotional term on Mulder's part or a biological fact.[32][55]
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d Robert Mandel. "Pilot". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 1. Fox.
2.^ Jump up to: a b c d R. W. Goodwin & Kim Manners. "Redux". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 1 & 2. Fox.
3.Jump up ^ Daniel Sackheim. "Conduit". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 4. Fox.
4.^ Jump up to: a b Larry Shaw. "Fallen Angel". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 10. Fox.
5.Jump up ^ David Nutter. "Tooms". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 21. Fox.
6.^ Jump up to: a b c d R. W. Goodwin. "Gethsemane". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 24. Fox.
7.^ Jump up to: a b c d R.W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (September 22, 1995). "The Blessing Way". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 1. Fox.
8.^ Jump up to: a b c d Rob Bowman. "Paper Clip". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 2. Fox.
9.^ Jump up to: a b c Kim Manners. "Apocrypha". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 16. Fox.
10.^ Jump up to: a b David Nutter. "Nisei". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 9. Fox.
11.^ Jump up to: a b c Rob Bowman. "Tempus Fugit". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 17. Fox.
12.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Carter. "The Red and the Black". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 14. Fox.
13.^ Jump up to: a b c Kim Manners. "Patient X". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 13. Fox.
14.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "Two Fathers". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 11. Fox.
15.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Tempus Fugit". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 17. Fox.
16.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. Fox.
17.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "This Is Not Happening". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 14. Fox.
18.Jump up ^ Tony Wharmby. "Three Words". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 16. Fox.
19.^ Jump up to: a b R.W. Goodwin. "Anasazi". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 25. Fox.
20.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Biogenesis". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 22. Fox.
21.^ Jump up to: a b Michael W. Watkins. "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 2. Fox.
22.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "The Sixth Extinction". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 1. Fox.
23.Jump up ^ David Nutter. "Little Green Men". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 1. Fox.
24.^ Jump up to: a b Michael Lange. "Ascension". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 6. Fox.
25.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Nisei". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 9. Fox.
26.Jump up ^ Daniel Sackheim. "S.R. 819". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 9. Fox.
27.Jump up ^ William A. Graham. "Travelers". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 15. Fox.
28.^ Jump up to: a b Rob Bowman. "Agua Mala". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 13. Fox.
29.^ Jump up to: a b c David Duchovny. "The Unnatural". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 19. Fox.
30.Jump up ^ Tony Wharmby. "Deadalive". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 15. Fox.
31.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Carter. "Essence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 20. Fox.
32.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Carter. "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. Fox.
33.^ Jump up to: a b Rob Bowman. "One Son". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 12. Fox.
34.^ Jump up to: a b c R.W. Goodwin. "Talitha Cumi". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 24. Fox.
35.^ Jump up to: a b R. W. Goodwin (director); Chris Carter (writer) (October 4, 1996). "Herrenvolk". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 1. Fox.
36.Jump up ^ Meisler (1998), pp. 19–25.
37.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin. "Sein und Zeit". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 10. Fox.
38.^ Jump up to: a b R. W. Goodwin. "The End". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 20. Fox.
39.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Beginning". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 1. Fox.
40.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Within". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 1. Fox.
41.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Without". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 2. Fox.
42.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox.
43.^ Jump up to: a b Peter Markle. "Christmas Carol". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 5. Fox.
44.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Emily". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 6. Fox.
45.^ Jump up to: a b c R.W. Goodwin. "One Breath". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 8. Fox.
46.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "Beyond the Sea". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 13. Fox.
47.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Duane Barry". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 5. Fox.
48.Jump up ^ Lowry, pp. 231–233
49.Jump up ^ Ben Rawson-Jones (March 8, 2009). All hail the mighty Alan Dale!. Digital Spy.
50.^ Jump up to: a b Kim Manners. "Provenance". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 9. Fox.
51.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Providence". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 10. Fox.
52.Jump up ^ Maners, Kim (2002). Audio Commentary for "The Truth" (DVD). Fox Home Entertainment.
53.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Per Manum". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 13. Fox.
54.Jump up ^ Tony Wharmby. "Trust No 1". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 6. Fox.
55.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "I Want to Believe". The X-Files. Episode 2. Fox.
References[edit]
Edwards, Ted (1996). X-Files Confidential. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0-316-21808-1.
Lovece, Frank (1996). The X-Files Declassified. Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-1745-X.
Lowry, Brian (1995). The Truth is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105330-9.
Meisler, Andy (1998). I Want to Believe: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 3. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105386-4.
Meisler, Andy (1999). Resist or Serve: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 4. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-107309-1.
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List of Monster-of-the-Week characters in The X-Files

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On the television series The X-Files (1993–2002) episodes could be generally placed in one of two categories:[1]
"Mytharc" episodes were recognized as the "mythology" of the series canon; these episodes comprised the central storyline, which developed from one season to the next, concerning extraterrestrial life on Earth and a long-term conspiracy to hide the extraterrestrial presence and deal with its implications.
Monster of the Week (MOTW or MoW) came to denote the remainder of the X-Files episodes. Episodes of this type, comprising the majority of the series's episodes, dealt with a wide range of paranormal phenomena, including cryptids and mutants; science fiction technologies; horror monsters; and satiric/comedic elements. MOTW were usually standalone episodes, but some of these episodes had indirect ties to the X-Files mythology. A number of "monster of the week" characters became notable and were later referenced by other episodes.
This article is thus a list of characters in the Monster of the Week episodes of The X-Files.
For characters that were not monsters of the week, see also: List of The X-Files characters.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Season one
2 Season two
3 Season three
4 Season four
5 Season five
6 Season six
7 Season seven
8 Season eight
9 Season nine
10 References
Season one[edit]

Eugene Victor Tooms, played by Doug Hutchison in the episodes "Squeeze" and "Tooms": An animal control worker in Baltimore, Maryland, Tooms was a mutant capable of stretching and contorting his body into positions impossible for a normal human. This gave him access to victims through small openings such as ventilation shafts, chimneys, and toilets. Every thirty years, Tooms came out of hibernation, killing five people to obtain their livers for sustenance. Records of Tooms went back to the 19th century, meaning that he was over a hundred years old when Mulder and Scully encountered him. The documentation linked him to similar murder sprees in 1963 and 1933, as well as a single murder in 1903. In the episode "Tooms", Mulder tracked him to his "nest" underneath a shopping mall. When he attacked Mulder, Tooms was crushed to death under a moving escalator.

Kevin Morris, played by Joel Palmer in the episode "Conduit": A young child who has been acting strangely since his sister's abduction. He had been receiving transmissions through television static and copying them down in strings of binary, consisting of, among other things, a Shakespearean sonnet, some lines from the Koran, and a defense satellite transmission. The binary strings are revealed to compose an image of his sister, Ruby's face within the design of many sheets of the binary code.

The Jersey Devil, in the episode "The Jersey Devil": The mythical monster from the New Jersey Pine Barrens. After attacks on Atlantic City's homeless, it was revealed that the devil was actually an evolutionary throw-back, a Feral Cannibal, which had emerged from the nearby Pine Barrens in search of food. Though both adults are killed by the end of the episode, their offspring is shown at the episode's conclusion, watching some hikers while hiding in the woods.

Howard Graves, played by Barry Primus in the episode "Shadows": After his death at the hands of his business partner, Howard Graves returned as a ghost with telekinetic powers. His new powers allowed him to move objects, take control of a car, and even strangle anyone who tried to harm his loyal secretary, Lauren Kyte. Despite being "most certainly dead", his image was captured on Mulder's surveillance photo of Kyte. After he assisted in the exposure of his partner's crimes, he presumably rested in peace, with no further telekinetic phenomena occurring in relation to Kyte.

Central Operating System, in the episode "Ghost in the Machine": Also known as the C.O.S., the machine was an artificial intelligence which controlled the corporate headquarters of a software company. The machine murdered a corporate executive and an old colleague of Mulder's when they threatened its existence. It was shut down by a computer virus given to Mulder by the C.O.S.' creator, Brad Wilczek, despite an effort from a scrupulous Defense Department employee to ensure the machine's survival. Though the machine was initially shut down by the virus and was slated to become a scrap heap, it reactivated at the episode's conclusion.

The Arctic Worm, in the episode "Ice": The first of many apparently extraterrestrial biological agents which can endanger and control humans in The X-Files, the worms were believed to have been brought to the ice of Alaska by the ancient crash of a meteor in the Arctic. The worms could enter through a cut in viral form and quickly develop into their worm-like visage, attaching to the hypothalamus gland of the host, and causing them to kill themselves or others by inducing extreme paranoia. Exposure to the worms led to deaths of all the scientists in an ice core project, and nearly lead to the deaths of Mulder and Scully. The agents discovered that infecting an already infected host would cause the two worms to kill each other, essentially curing the host. The Arctic laboratory where the worms were kept was later destroyed by the government.

Marcus Aurelius Belt, played by Ed Lauter in the episode "Space": Belt was a former astronaut and commander of NASA's mission control, as well as a childhood hero of Mulder's. During a spacewalk early in his career as an astronaut, Belt encountered and was subsequently possessed by a vapor-like alien entity that bore resemblance to the famous Face of Mars. The entity went into and left Belt at irregular intervals, and caused Belt to sabotage previous space missions, as well as cause the Challenger disaster. After its attempts to destroy a space shuttle in orbit failed, the entity again attempted to get inside Belt—who by this time had suffered a nervous breakdown—but Belt resisted the creature and jumped out of his hospital window, sacrificing his life to prevent it from controlling him.

The Eves, in the episode "Eve": The Eves were a set of genetically identical girls created by government experimentation for the purpose of developing "supersoldiers". Each Eve was thus gifted with heightened strength and intelligence, but afflicted with extreme psychosis and often suicidal and/or murderous tendencies. They also appeared to share a psychic connection, referring to their knowledge of each other's actions by saying, "We just knew." One of the Eves attempted to create a generation of new ones by experimenting with ova at a fertility clinic; the two Eve children conceived killed their fathers and attempted to poison Mulder and Scully. By the end of the episode, three of the Eves were in a mental institution, about to be rescued by a fourth Eve.

Cecil L'Ively, played by Mark Sheppard in the episode "Fire": L'Ively was an Irish pyrokinetic who preyed on British politicians, making them catch fire with his mind, in the course of his delusional obsessions with their wives. In the episode, he stalked a family of British dignitaries visiting the United States, working as a caretaker on their summer estate. His powers forced Mulder to confront his lifelong fear of fire. It was later hinted that L'Ively was the survivor of a satanic ritual as a child, giving some clue as to the source of his powers. L'Ively was taken into custody after literally burning himself out when an ex-lover of Mulder's doused him with accelerant. Despite having been severely burned, L'Ively showed signs of rapid healing as he was awaiting trial.

Luther Lee Boggs, played by Brad Dourif in the episode "Beyond the Sea": A serial killer from North Carolina whom Mulder's profile helped catch, Boggs was to be executed via gas chamber but received a stay of execution. He soon developed an ability to channel spirits and demons. Mulder, however, did not believe Boggs had this ability, and thought he was simply trying to use him and Scully to bargain for his life. Scully initially shared Mulder's view; however, Boggs managed to cause Scully to doubt this belief by appearing to her as Mulder, and her recently deceased father, and relating to her private information about her own life. The executive stay, however, was soon lifted and Boggs was summarily executed.

The Kindred in the episode "Gender Bender": The Kindred were an Amish-type religious community in Massachusetts who lived secluded from modern society. Mulder and Scully investigated them after a former Kindred member, Brother Martin or "Marty", killed several partners in casual sex. The Kindred possessed an ability to change genders and they could also release sexual pheromones through simple hand contact, enough to cause shock and death in any human sexual partner. They also used the white clay they mined in the local hills to revive themselves after death in an underground cavern. After capturing Marty, the Kindred disappeared, and the ending of the episode implied that the decades-old sect was really a group of space aliens.

John Barnett, played by Alan Boyce and (in flashback) by David Petersen in the episode "Young At Heart": Barnett was a murderer who was sent to prison by Mulder on his first case. After receiving extensive genetic modification in prison, Barnett began to age in reverse and become more youthful in appearance. He grew a salamander-like hand during the treatment. Barnett commenced a campaign of intimidation against Mulder, systematically murdering his friends. He was shot and killed by Mulder after he attempted to kill Scully at a cello recital. Barnett was interrogated upon death by an unnamed CIA agent, as he had been offering the research that led to his reverse-aging in exchange for immunity.

Warren James Dupre, played by Jason Schombing and Christopher Allport in the episode "Lazarus": Dupre was a bank robber who was shot and killed at the same time as FBI agent Jack Willis, a former partner of Scully's. When doctors restore Willis' body to life after he flatlines, he awakens with Dupre's consciousness. Dupre, recognizing Scully as the FBI agent who shot him during the botched robbery, kidnapped her along with his accomplice and demanded a $1 million ransom. However, Dupre was unaware that his new body was diabetic, and died after his accomplice withheld insulin from him.

Samuel Hartley, played by Scott Bairstow in the episode "Miracle Man": A young man and faith healer for a ministry run by his father. His faith in his ability was shaken when one of those that he healed dropped dead shortly afterward due to, unbeknownst to him, cyanide poisoning by the first person he had resurrected, Leonard Vance, as revenge for leaving his appearance scarred and deformed. Samuel was arrested and beaten to death in jail, but his body had vanished from the morgue shortly after appearing as a ghost to Vance and accusing him of the murders. Witnesses had last seen him walking around, badly bruised.

Lyle Parker, played by Ty Miller in the episode "Shapes". The son of a Montana rancher, Parker was attacked by an apparent werewolf at their ranch, located near an Indian reservation. His father shot the animal, finding a dead Native American man upon closer inspection. Parker soon became a werewolf himself, leading him to kill his father when he was overcome by the transformation. Mulder came to believe in the "skinwalker" legend as described to him by the local Indian shaman, and later shot and killed Parker in his animal form when he and Scully were attacked at the ranch.

The Darkness Mites in the episode "Darkness Falls": These were tiny prehistoric mites freed by illegal logging in Washington National Forest. The mites, which glow green and are only active in the dark, cocoon their human victims and drain them of all moisture, killing them. They fed on an entire group of thirty loggers and almost devoured Mulder and Scully before the two agents and a Park Ranger were rescued by the U.S. government. The insects were most likely eradicated through a combination of insecticides and controlled burns.

Charlie Morris / Michelle Bishop, played by Andrea Libman in the episode "Born Again": After his death at the hands of two fellow Buffalo policemen, Charlie Morris became reincarnated as Michelle Bishop, who was conceived around the time of his death. Michelle had flashbacks of Morris' life and death — such as dismembering dolls the same way Morris' corpse was — and used telekinetic powers to kill the two corrupt policemen. Michelle nearly killed Morris' partner, but was stopped by Mulder. After Fiore confessed participation on the murder and turned himself in, Morris' soul presumably rested in peace. Michelle showed no further signs of being possessed by him.

Roland Fuller and Arthur Grable, played by Željko Ivanek in the episode "Roland". Roland and Arthur were identical twins, separated during their childhood. Arthur grew up to become a scientist studying jet propulsion while Roland, who had severe mental retardation, worked as a janitor at his laboratory. When Arthur died in a car accident, his head was cryogenically frozen, letting him use the psychic link shared with his twin brother to control him. Under Arthur's control, Roland completed unfinished mathematical calculations on a new jet engine and killed colleagues who tried to steal his work. Arthur died after another scientist sabotaged his cryogenic capsule; with the mental bond broken, the otherwise harmless Roland was remanded to an institution.
Season two[edit]

The Flukeman, played by Darin Morgan in the episode "The Host": The Flukeman, a being born in a "soup" of radioactive sewage from Chernobyl, is a tapeworm-like humanoid that lived in sewers. It bit humans and injected small flukes, which eventually kill their hosts. Mulder investigated its attacks, finding the creature in a sewage treatment plant. The creature escaped and returned to the sewers, where Mulder seemingly killed it by slicing it in half. The episode's conclusion, however, shows that the Flukeman continues to live. In a later episode, a newspaper shows a drawing of the Flukeman on the cover, the caption stating that it ended up in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts.

Edward Funsch, played by William Sanderson in the episode "Blood": A member of the community of Franklin, Pennsylvania with a fear of blood. His fear, along with those of others in town, were exacerbated due to spraying of a pesticide containing LSDM, evoking enough of a fear response in them to drive them to kill. Edward sees messages on all kinds of electronic displays telling him to kill. He eventually buys a gun and decides to act on his paranoia, positioning himself at the top of a clock tower overlooking a blood drive and shooting randomly. He is eventually overpowered by Mulder and taken away on a stretcher, presumably to a hospital.

Augustus Cole, played by Tony Todd in the episode "Sleepless": A Vietnam veteran known as "Preacher" for his quotation of Bible verses, Cole was a member of an Army unit that was subjected to "sleep eradication" experiments during the war. The squad was tasked with hunting down Viet Cong fighters, yet ended up massacring whole villages due to violent tendencies connected with their condition. During a tortuous decades-long waking period, Cole developed the ability to project dream-like states into reality and set about killing the doctors behind the experimentation. Cole was eventually shot by Alex Krycek, then Mulder's partner.

Kristen Kilar, played by Perrey Reeves in the episode "3": Kilar is a member of "the trinity", a group of "vampires" in Los Angeles. She becomes sexually involved with Mulder, who is investigating his first and only case without Scully since the show's beginning (she was abducted in the previous episode). She sacrifices herself to kill the other vampires in an explosion.

The Firewalker Parasite, in the episode "Firewalker": A silicon-based parasitic fungus discovered by a volcano research team using a robot named "Firewalker" during a project at Mount Avalon. It took control of a host, forcing them to find future hosts for it to infect before bursting from their throats and killing them in a cloud of spores. The spores were fortunately quick to die with exposure to the air, and one would have to be infected immediately.

The Spirits of Excelsis Dei, in the episode "Excelsis Dei": Spirits of former residents of the Excelsis Dei nursing home being channeled into existence by the living residents of the home because of an herbal drug made of mushrooms cultured in the basement and illicitly given to them by a Malaysian orderly to help cure their Alzheimer's disease, with the side effect that they can see—and channel into existence—the spirits of those who had died in the home. These spirits take revenge on those orderlies who had looked down on them, assaulting and murdering them. When a patient overdoses on the drug and starts having seizures, the spirits make one more attack on the nurse that they attacked at the beginning of the episode. After Scully and the home's head doctor finally stop the seizures the spirits disappear just in time to keep them from drowning both the nurse and Mulder.

Detective B.J. Morrow, played by Deborah Strang in the episode "Aubrey": Morrow is a detective and murderer discovered to be one of several children fathered by a serial rapist and murderer named Harry Cokely, each of whom have inherited his genetic memory, including his homicidal tendencies.

Donald "Donnie" Pfaster, played by Nick Chinlund in the episodes "Irresistible" and "Orison": First appearing in the second-season episode, "Irresistible", Pfaster was a "death fetishist" and serial killer who first desecrated corpses, then started murdering prostitutes. Pfaster became infatuated with Scully and kidnapped her, but was foiled by Mulder. Five years later, in "Orison", a prison chaplain helped Pfaster escape from prison, leading him to resume his pursuit of Scully. He tracked down Scully's address and attacks her in her apartment. Mulder arrived later by chance, moments before Scully fatally shot him. It is unknown if Pfaster was a "normal" serial killer, or something supernatural; but it is implied a number of times in both episodes that he was demonic in nature.

Mrs. Paddock, played by Susan Blommaert in the episode "Die Hand Die Verletzt": Phyllis Paddock is a substitute teacher at Milford, New Hampshire's Crowley High School. Thinking the school has been possessed by satanic forces summoned by students' "devil music" and occult gatherings in the woods, the town calls out Mulder and Scully, but the school's reactionary parent-teacher association is actually overrun with Satanist believers. However, they are ultimately powerless against the occult magic of the mysteriously arrived Paddock, who appears responsible for most of the events in the episode. The end is ambiguous but suggests Paddock is actually the demon Azazel in disguise.

Colonel Wharton, played by Daniel Benzali in the episode "Fresh Bones": Head of an INS compound processing Haitian refugees in Folkstone, North Carolina. He starts abusing the refugees as revenge against Pierre Bauvais, an imprisoned refugee, and Haiti for the suicides of some of his soldiers on a previous trip there. He denies these allegations, but later has Bauvais beaten to death. It turns out that Wharton had performed a voodoo zombification ritual over Private Jack McAlpin to hold him under Wharton's influence and kill a soldier who was going to testify against him. Wharton then performs a voodoo ritual over Bauvais's coffin in the cemetery, bringing Bauvais to life, but Bauvais stops Wharton from harming Mulder. Wharton is last seen being unwittingly buried alive by the graveyard watchman.

Alien Conservationists, in the episode "Fearful Symmetry": They are, as suspected by Mulder, trying to impregnate and abduct endangered animals for their own cosmic version of Noah's Ark. It seemed as if they knew what was happening and what was going to happen to the Earth, and therefore possibly preparing to take animal babies to another liveable planet. The parent animals were abducted and then returned elsewhere, usually ending up dead.

Lanny and Leonard, played by Vincent Schiavelli in the episode "Humbug": Lanny and Leonard are a pair of conjoined twins who are connected at the stomach. However, due to a genetic mutation, Leonard is malformed and is solely dependent on Lanny for nutrition and safekeeping. Leonard is convinced that the alcoholic Lanny is an unsuitable brother for him, and repeatedly disconnects from Lanny in attempts to find a new host; each time he does so the person he attempts to join himself to dies. After agents Mulder and Scully arrive to investigate, Leonard makes a desperate, last-ditch attempt to find a new host, and refuses to return to Lanny. Leonard is eaten by a local circus geek and Lanny dies soon afterwards.

Michael Holvey, played by Joel Palmer in the episode "The Calusari": Michael was the stillborn twin of Charlie Holvey, and inhabited his brother's soul, occasionally possessing Charlie, and at other times manifesting himself as a spirit. He caused the death of his younger brother, his father, and his grandmother. While attempting to kill both his mother and Scully, Michael was exorcized by the Calusari, a Romanian group of elders specialized in rituals.

Paul, played by John Pyper-Ferguson, and Steve, played by John Tench in the episode "F. Emasculata": Two inmates at a prison in Dinwiddie county, Virginia who escape in a laundry cart after being sent to clean the cell of a recently deceased inmate, Robert Torrance. Unfortunately, they have been infected with a parasite carried by the insect Faciphaga emasculata, that attacks the immune system. The fugitives spread the disease as they run from their captors. They arrive at the home of Paul's girlfriend, Elizabeth, where Steve dies, infecting Elizabeth. Paul is gone by this time, heading to the bus station to leave the state. Mulder and the U.S. Marshals surround the bus that Paul is in, and Mulder tries to get information out of Paul about the package that was found in Torrance's cell, but before Paul talks, he is killed by a sniper's bullet.

Chester Banton, played by Tony Shalhoub in the episode "Soft Light": Banton is a physicist from Richmond, Virginia, whose shadow was transformed into dark matter after he was accidentally enclosed in his particle accelerator. Banton tries to avoid public places with harsh, bright light where this might prove dangerous to others, but nevertheless kills several people unintentionally. His shadow reduces people to burn spots on the ground, leading Mulder to compare it with spontaneous human combustion. When Mulder attempts to gain information from X about Banton's condition, X captures Banton and oversees government experimentation on him.

Dudley, Arkansas, in the episode "Our Town": The town of Dudley was known for its prosperous fast food business, Chaco Chicken. Its founder, a pilot in World War II, was shot down by the Japanese over Papua New Guinea and was nursed back to health by a local tribe of cannibals. Chaco learned from the tribe that the practice led to prolonged human life, and after establishing his business in Dudley, led his family and the town's residents into cannibalism. This led to many people in Dudley looking years younger than their actual old age. However, when Mulder and Scully began investigating the town, some of Dudley's residents began dying off from a rare brain disease that afflicted one of their eaten victims.
Season three[edit]

Darren Peter Oswald, played by Giovanni Ribisi in the episode "D.P.O.": the title character was a young, immature car mechanic who could channel his frustration into controlling lightning. It is believed this was caused when Oswald was struck by a bolt of lightning, which gave him his awesome—yet destructive—power. Oswald, an avid video gamer and rock music fan who hung out with his arcade-owner friend, Bart "Zero" Liquori (Jack Black), still harbored a crush on his high school teacher. Oswald caused the deaths of several people by having them struck with lightning. After the teacher, Sharon Kiveat, finally rejected Oswald's advances following his rescue of her husband from a heart attack he caused, Oswald was finally captured and placed in a state psychiatric hospital. But as explained by Scully, they were unable to find any plausible anomaly.

Clyde Bruckman, played by Peter Boyle in the episode "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose": Mr. Bruckman, an elder, cynical, sarcastic insurance salesman, lives in Minnesota, and apart from his otherwise uneventful existence, has the psychic ability to foresee a person's death. This ability, much to his chagrin and disgust, only allows him to foretell deaths, and he doesn't understand how his foresight works and is sometimes unaware of when his visions pop up. Investigating a case of a serial killer who targets psychics, Mulder and Scully meet Bruckman after he discovers a corpse. During their conversations, Bruckman relates to Scully how he will die, cryptically tells her that she never dies, and also hints that Mulder will pass on by way of "autoerotic asphyxiation." He was a big fan of The Big Bopper and Buddy Holly, and after their deaths in 1959, acquired his prognostication ability. He commits suicide at the end of the episode. Peter Boyle won an Emmy Award for the role in 1996.

Napoleon "Neech" Manley, played by Badja Djola in the episode "The List": Manley was a death row inmate for 11 years, with two pardons before his execution. During his time Manley became well-versed in religions, enabling him to come back after his death to kill five people who mistreated him. They were two prison guards, his lawyer Daniel Charez, executioner Perry Simon, and prison warden Brodeur.

Virgil Incanto, portrayed by Timothy Carhart in the episode "2Shy": Incanto was a homicidal mutant who had to subsist on fatty tissue to survive. He preyed on overweight women by meeting them on Internet chat Web sites, where he would portray himself as a person sincerely interested in pursuing a romantic relationship with them, going by the username "2Shy." At the end of each date, Incanto would lean in for a romantic kiss, then forcefully suck out the woman's fatty tissue, killing her. After he was incarcerated he showed clear signs of a degenerate state, which makes it likely that he eventually "starved" to death.
Leonard "Rappo" Trimble, portrayed by Ian Tracey in the episode "The Walk": Trimble was a patient at a Veterans Administration hospital, having become a quadruple amputee during the First Persian Gulf War. The deeply embittered Trimble resented having lost his limbs, and blamed the Army chain of command for his injuries and those of his fellow crippled veterans. Having garnered the ability to use astral projection, he proceeded to murder the families of a lieutenant-colonel and a general, but rendered those victims incapable of committing suicide so that they could feel the horror and helplessness Trimble had suffered. Trimble was finally stopped as he was using his astral body to attack Mulder, when the lieutenant-colonel smothered him with a pillow. No evidence linked Trimble to the deaths, and his family requested that he be buried at Arlington National Cemetery. He was instead cremated and buried in a civilian cemetery in Pennsylvania.

Lucy Householder, portrayed by Tracey Ellis in the episode 'Oubliette": Lucy developed a psychic connection to a girl named Amy Jacobs when she is kidnapped by the same man who kidnapped Lucy when she was eight years old. This connection develops further when Lucy starts exhibiting the same physical effects as Amy. Lucy is eventually the key to saving Amy's life, but at the expense of her own. Lucy drowns in the car she is sitting in as Mulder resuscitates Amy, mainly to save Amy, but also to forget what happened to her years ago.

Simon Gates, portrayed by Kenneth Welsh in the episode "Revelations": Gates was a well-respected man, one of the richest men in the south who took a trip to Jerusalem and came back changed. Gates claimed he was chosen and often used aliases of the devil's disciples. Gates killed anyone who claimed to have signs of being a stigmatic, eventually finding Kevin, the only true stigmatic.

Cockroaches in the episode "War of the Coprophages": Agent Mulder came across an apparent case of "killer cockroaches" while taking a weekend vacation in the (fictional) town of Miller's Grove, Massachusetts. The cockroaches were present at the scenes of several deaths, including those of an exterminator, a drug-abusing teenager, and the local medical examiner. This caused a frenzied panic to erupt in Miller's Grove, even though it turned out the cockroaches didn't kill any of their supposed victims. Mulder, however, did discover that the roaches were robotic, and came to conclude that they were reconnaissance probes sent to Earth by extraterrestrial life.

Margi Kleinjan and Terri Roberts, portrayed by Wendy Benson and Lisa Robin Kelly respectively, in the episode "Syzygy": Two high school girls born on the same day (January 12, 1979), when certain planetary alignments caused the cosmos to focus all its energy on them. Now, days before their mutual 18th birthday, the planetary alignment is granting them the ability of telekinesis, which they are using to kill classmates they don't like and blaming it all on satanic ritualists.

Robert Patrick "Pusher" Modell, played by Robert Wisden in the episodes "Pusher" and "Kitsunegari": A self described ronin, Modell had a unique ability to alter perceptions and influence people, which he utilized to carry out hits. During the manhunt for Modell, Mulder stops Modell, though not before succumbing to his power and nearly killing himself and Scully. Modell reappears later on, and although he is actually out to stop another killer, he is shot by Skinner before this is learned, and is later killed by the person he was after. Appeared in "Pusher" and "Kitsunegari", making him one of three MOTW characters to feature prominently in two different episodes (along with Tooms and Pfaster).

Lord Kinbote in the episode "Jose Chung's From Outer Space": Lord Kinbote is an enormous, furry, one-eyed alien who interrupted an abduction of two teenagers by two grey aliens (really American soldiers in disguise) in the beginning of the episode. He is mentioned again later on by power company employee Roky Crickenson, who encountered Lord Kinbote as he was attacking the other two "aliens." In a manuscript he wrote following his encounter, Crickenson claimed that Lord Kinbote approached him and told him that his "efforts are needed for the survival of all Earthlings." Crickenson, clearly fantasy prone, goes on to describe Lord Kinbote's domain near Earth's core, which is gradually revealed throughout the rest of the episode to host reincarnated souls participating in orgies, as well as dangerous "lava men."

Big Blue: A mysterious lake monster in third season episode "Quagmire", the deaths near the lake turn out to have been caused by a large alligator, which Mulder kills in the end, although at one point, when there are no witnesses around, an Elasmosaurus emerges from the lake. Scully's dog Queequeg is killed by the monster.
Season four[edit]

Edmund, George, and Sherman Peacock, played by Chris Nelson Norris, John Trottier and Adrian Hughes in the episode "Home": The three brothers from the Peacock clan lived in 19th Century conditions on a broken down farm in Home, Pennsylvania. Edmund is actually George and Sherman's brother and father; incest had become so rampant in the family that the remaining members were severely physically deformed, and further reproduction had become difficult. Their mother, an amputee, was restrained under the bed on a moving rack. During Mulder and Scully's investigation, the local sheriff, his wife, and his deputy were killed by the brothers. The agents were eventually able to break into the booby-trapped Peacock home, where George and Sherman were killed during a confrontation. Edmund escaped with his mother, and both departed to keep the Peacock line going elsewhere. The notorious episode they appeared in, "Home", had a viewer discretion warning, and is rated TV MA. The episode was kept out of syndication for three years after its initial airing.

Samuel Aboah, portrayed by Willie Amakye in the episode "Teliko": Aboah was a mutant immigrant from Burkina Faso who murdered several African-American men in Philadelphia, for the purpose of obtaining their pituitary glands. Because of his lack of a pituitary gland, he often resembled an albino when he had none to sustain him; he looked like an ordinary African man when he did. Aboah's method of killing was to first drug his victims by shooting a rare plant seed with paralysis-inducing properties at them through a blowgun, then obtain the gland with a needle inserted through the victims' nose. When he was finished, his victims lost all pigmentation in their skin. Aboah also had the ability to squeeze his body into small spaces like a drainage pipe or a drawer. Aboah's nature was similar to those of creatures in African folklore called "teliko", nocturnal "spirits of the air" who slept in small spaces during daytime, but Mulder theorized Aboah was one member of an evolved species of albino human beings. Aboah was ultimately captured by Mulder and Scully, but his health worsened without any glands to sustain him, which presumably led to his death.

Gerry Schnauz, played by Pruitt Taylor Vince in the episode "Unruhe": Schnauz performs frontal "icepick lobotomies" on a series of women he has abducted, thinking he will cure their inner demons or "unrest" (in German, "Unruhe", the episode's title). He tries to do this to Scully, but is killed by Mulder. Schnauz works as a construction foreman in Michigan, and also has the ability to project his fantasies into photographs, a paranormal process Mulder describes as "thoughtography".

Dr. Jack Franklin, played by Richard Beymer in the episode "Sanguinarium": A dark magician, Franklin uses sorcery and human sacrifices in order to maintain his classically beautiful looks. He escapes capture and disappears under a new face and name at the end of the episode.

John Lee Roche, played by Tom Noonan in the episode "Paper Hearts": A dream vision leads Mulder to discover the long buried corpse of a young girl, and he recognizes the M.O. as that of Roche, one of the first killers he ever profiled. Upon discovering that Roche killed two (three counting the latest) more girls than he confessed to, Mulder begins to believe (thanks to Roche's manipulations) that Roche may have been the one to abduct his sister Samantha, not aliens. This is eventually proven to be false; and Roche is killed by Mulder.

Leonard Morris Betts, played by Paul McCrane in the episode "Leonard Betts": Betts, born Albert Tanner, was a Pittsburgh EMT, and a mutant. His body was internally riddled with cancer, but this was actually his normal state of being. Leonard's body, as a result, could regenerate any lost body part, even a new head. To sustain his ability, he had to bathe in povidone-iodine, as well as consume cancer, which he was able to obtain through his job. To keep his condition secret, Leonard was forced to kill any person who learned about it. During the X-file case on him, he attacked Scully, but was killed after she electrocuted him with a pair of defibrillators on full power. Before he attacked Scully, he told her "I'm sorry ... but you've got something I need", quietly revealing to Scully that she had cancer.

Ed Jerse and Betty, played by Rodney Rowland and Jodie Foster respectively in the episode "Never Again": Jerse is a recently-divorced young man who appears to be controlled by his winking tattoo of a woman, named Betty, voiced by Jodie Foster. Betty degrades Jerse's self-esteem at work and incites him with misogynistic threats. Jerse ultimately murders a woman burns the body, before randomly meeting up with Agent Scully, who is in Philadelphia investigating a case while Mulder takes a vacation to Graceland in Memphis, TN. Jerse becomes intimate with Scully, who is also undergoing a crisis of confidence in her career and personal life, and Scully also gets a tattoo of an ouroboros. Scully spends the night with Jerse but evades danger. In the end, it is suggested that the tattoo may have had psychotropic ergot in its dye.

Nathaniel Teager, played by Peter LaCroix in the episode "Unrequited": Nathaniel Teager was a former Green Beret who went missing in action during the Vietnam War. However, he returned to the United States and began killing high-ranking Army personnel with knowledge about POWs and MIAs left behind in Vietnam. Teager possessed the ability to seemingly disappear and become invisible in plain sight, an ability he learned from his Vietnamese captors. This allowed him, at one point, to enter the Pentagon unseen and kill one of his targets. However, Teager was eventually killed during an assassination attempt in the National Mall, and all facts about his life were subsequently covered up by the government.
Edward H. "Eddie" Van Blundht, Jr., played by Darin Morgan in the episode "Small Potatoes": A self-described "born loser", Eddie is an inconspicuous janitor, living in a small town in West Virginia. In "Small Potatoes", Mulder and Scully head there to investigate why 5 women within the past 3 months have given birth to babies with vestigial tails. They soon learn that Eddie is the father of all the babies, and that he was also born with a tail. However, a more surprising find to Mulder and Scully, is that Eddie's body is covered with striated muscle, which allows him to transform his appearance to that of virtually anyone (explaining how the women mistook Eddie for their husbands, or in one case, Mark Hamill). Using his ability, Eddie manages to impersonate Mulder, and heads back to D.C. with Scully. While there, he visits Scully with a bottle of wine, attempting to seduce her. The real Mulder eventually shows up, and promptly arrests Eddie, who was less than an inch from kissing Scully.
Season five[edit]

The Invisible Men, from the episode "Detour": While investigating several disappearances in the woodlands of northern Florida, Mulder and Scully and two other agents encounter at least two primitive men who possess the chameleon-like ability to blend in with their surroundings. Mulder theorizes that they are somehow associated with Ponce de Leon and the Fountain of Youth and have perfectly adapted to their woodland home after more than four hundred years. After being stranded in an underground cave, one of the creatures is killed by Mulder and Scully by use of a gun. The other follows Scully to her hotel room but she leaves before it can attack her. The men are most easily seen by their glowing red eyes.

The Great Mutato, played by Chris Owens: A real life "Frankenstein's monster" in season 5 episode "The Post-Modern Prometheus", The Great Mutato is also the name of a comic book character created by the character Izzy Berkowitz in the episode. The so-called Great Mutato is alternately a source of fear, controversy and pride in the Indiana small town, whose citizens hope an appearance on The Jerry Springer Show will bring them fame. Although the character is seen in silhouette several times, he only appears fully at the end of the episode, played by Chris Owens (who previously played a young version of the Cigarette Smoking Man and would later play Jeffrey Spender on the show). The Great Mutato enjoys watching the film Mask, about a teenaged boy with similar physical defects, and is consequently a large fan of Cher, who stars in the movie as the boy's mother. It is ultimately revealed that The Great Mutato was created not by genetic "mad scientist" Dr. Pollidori, as viewers were initially led to believe, but by Pollidori's inexperienced father, thus resulting in his physical disability. The Great Mutato has been kept in solitary confinement since he was born without the younger Pollidori's knowledge and only rumours of his existence. The unexplained events which draw Mulder and Scully for the episode take place when Pollidori senior tries to rectify his mistake in creating the Great Mutato, by secretly allowing the lonely "monster" to drug and impregnate several women in the town in the hopes of creating a "bride". The implication is that the town is in fact already made up of several children of such paternity. At the end of the episode, The Great Mutato is seen ecstatically attending a Cher concert with Scully and Mulder who share a dance to "Walking in Memphis."
Robert Patrick "Pusher" Modell, See season three.

Karin Matthews, played by Sarah-Jane Redmond in the episode "Schizogeny": Matthews, the therapist of teenagers Bobby Rich and Lisa Baiocchi, possesses the ability to control trees. Abused as a child, Matthews encourages her patients to empower themselves against others in positions of authority. However, she is trapped by the memories of her own abusive father, who died twenty years prior, and uses her supernatural ability to murder Bobby's stepfather and later, Lisa's father. When Karin attempts to kill Mulder by dragging him underground, she is killed by an orchard caretaker.

Chinga Doll, from the episode "Chinga": A little girl's doll that seems to be possessed by an evil presence. It forces several people to commit violent suicide before a deputy assisting Scully in investigating the matter destroys the doll inside a microwave. However, the doll, now burnt, is recovered from the ocean's depths at episode's end.

The AI, from the episode "Kill Switch": The AI is an artificial intelligence that menaces a group of computer experts, hackers and Mulder and Scully. The concept was previously addressed in first season episode "Ghost in the Machine", however, that Central Operating System was much more primitive, limited to controlling one building. In "Kill Switch", the AI executes complex tactical moves, and is able to target its "enemies" remotely using a satellite GPS system, as well as placing them within virtual reality worlds. The episode was written by Tom Maddox and William Gibson, who was a creator of many of these concepts in his novels.

Ronnie Strickland, played by Patrick Renna in the episode "Bad Blood": Strickland, a pizza-delivery boy, is an actual vampire (one of many that comprise the population of a Texas RV park in the town of Cheney, Texas). Despite being drugged by one of Ronnie's pizzas, Mulder manages to stake and seemingly kill him. The discovery that Ronnie's vampire fangs are cheap plastic almost land Mulder and Scully a murder sentence, but Ronnie is eventually revived by an agent who removes the stake during an autopsy. Ronnie and his entire clan of vampires subdue Mulder and disappear into the night.

Marty Glenn, played by Lili Taylor in the episode "Mind's Eye": Marty is a blind woman who possesses inexplicable knowledge of a serial murderer's actions. Due to unexplained appearances at the crime scenes and her own confessions, she was held in police custody. It is revealed that the killer is her father and his first victim was Marty's mother, who was killed while still pregnant with Marty. Ever since, a connection was formed between Marty and her father, and she has had visions of her father's actions through his eyes. Marty tricks Mulder and Scully into staking out a bar to wait for her father, knowing he will instead come to her apartment seeking her out. She knocks out the detective guarding her and kills her father, freeing herself of his visions. Although she was free, she was tried with the murder of her father. When asked by Mulder if she wanted him to speak with the judge about the situation, she declined.

Greg Pincus, portrayed by John Apicello in the episode "Folie a Deux": Pincus was the manager of a small telemarketing company in Illinois who was in fact a large, insect-like monster who bit several of his employees, controlling them in a zombie-like state. One of Pincus' employees became aware of his true nature, and, determined to expose him, took his office hostage and demanded to be seen on television to prove his claims. Mulder, who had walked into the middle of the hostage situation, managed to see Pincus' true form before a SWAT team raided the building and killed the employee. Mulder, however, began making claims that Pincus was indeed a monster, eventually landing him in a psych ward. Pincus, in his monster form, came into Mulder's hospital room to kill him, but was stopped by Scully. Pincus disappeared, moving to another branch of the telemarketing company.
Season six[edit]

Patrick Crump, played by Bryan Cranston in the episode "Drive": A Nevada man subject to a strange, potentially infectious illness, he steals a car in his futile efforts to save himself and his family, and eventually holds Mulder hostage at gunpoint and forces him to drive west. Crump, who harbors an anti-government and anti-Semitic paranoia, has in fact been affected by a secret military program whose testing hardware lies under his residence. Signals emitted by the devices resonated in the inner ears of Crump and his wife, forcing them into constant movement at the risk of an explosion inside their heads.

Wayne Weinsider, played by Bruce Campbell in the episode "Terms of Endearment": Weinsider was a bigamist demon who lived near Roanoke, Virginia, who came to Earth to father a human child. Each of his attempts ended poorly, as every woman that he has impregnated ended up with a demonic fetus; Weinsider ended up aborting each of these offspring. Weinsider's most recent wife, unbeknownst to him, is also a demon, is looking to have a demon child and at the end of the episode runs off with their demon baby.

Holman Hardt, played by Davis Manis in the episode "The Rain King": Holman is a lovelorn meteorologist who Mulder suspects of being able to subconsciously control the weather. His pining for a local woman causes all manner of weather problems for the town of Kroner, Kansas until Mulder finally manages to resolve things by giving Holman dating advice.

Alfred Fellig, played by Geoffery Lewis in the episode "Tithonus": Fellig is a New York City crime scene photographer who was discovered to have been present just after his subjects' deaths occurred. When Mulder and Scully investigated Fellig, it was revealed that he had multiple identities going back several decades, revealing that he was over one-hundred-fifty years old. Fellig possessed the ability to see when people were near death, and was attempting to take a photograph of Death personified so he could finally die. When Fellig and Scully were shot by another agent, he instructed her to not look into Death's face. He did so himself, finally passing on.

Water Parasite, portrayed in the episode "Agua Mala": A creature that lives in the form of salt water but can take the form of a translucent tentacled creature when it attacks. It corners Mulder and Scully along with several other people in an apartment building on Florida's Gulf Coast during a hurricane.

Bernard, played by Darren Burrows, and Pam, played by Carrie Hamilton in the episode "Monday": Bernard, a robber who initially failed to hold up a bank, somehow keeps the same day running over and over again until he can pull off a successful heist. Throughout the episode, he is constantly foiled in his attempts by Mulder (or with Scully when she appears in the loops) when he also comes to the bank to claim his paycheck. However Bernard keeps activating bombs hidden underneath his clothes in the end, killing himself, Mulder, Scully, and the people in the bank through the time loops. Only Bernard's girlfriend Pam, who is somehow "out of the loops" experiences the same day repeatedly but knows of previous events, tries to keep her boyfriend from robbing the bank, e.g.: persuading him, drugging his breakfast, warning others, etc. The characters start to gain a sense of déjà vu through the course of the loops. Mulder is approached by Pam who warns him but is again killed in that loop, but manages to remember her warning in the next loop, finally apprehending Bernard and prevent him from activating his bomb, therefore ending the loop. However Pam is shot accidentally by Bernard and after remarking that "this time it's different", she dies.

Gene Gogolak, played by Peter White, and the Übermenscher, portrayed in the episode "Arcadia": Gogolak was the founder of a planned community near San Diego, California, called. The so-called übermenscher was a tulpa, a mystical creature said to be conjured and brought to life by Gogolak's willpower. When Gogolak, the proprietor of an import furniture business, discovered how to summon a tulpa in the Far East, he applied his newfound ability to his planned community, summoning his übermenscher to violently kill any resident that violated the community's rulebook. The übermenscher was made up completely of garbage from an old landfill on which the community was built. Gogolak was brutally killed by the übermenscher, turning itself into a pile of garbage.

Dr. Ian Detweiler, played by Andrew J. Robinson in the episode "Alpha": Detweiler is an animal specialist who was hunting an Asian dog known as the Wanshang Dhole that was believed to be extinct. After a series of dog attacks, Mulder theorizes that Detweiler was actually attacked by the Dhole and has become a sort of shape-shifting were-dog. Detweiler is killed when he accidentally drives himself and a victim out of an upper story window.
Wilson "Pinker" Rawls, played by John Diehl in the episode "Trevor." He is originally a convict in the prison camp, but gains the ability to pass through solid material at will when he is locked in a shed during a tornado. Passing through the objects also makes them fragile due to his ability affecting the objects electromagnetic forces and he uses this to kill people by passing himself through said people making their structures damaged. In the course of the episode, he sought out and killed his former partners-in-crime who betrayed him. He is unable to be killed or subdued by conventional means, e.g., bullets, melee weapons, handcuffs, and prison rooms. However, his only weakness is to materials that have a strong insulation to electric currents due to the fact that his intangibility is caused by him manipulating the electrical charge of the objects through which he passes, e.g., glass, mirrors and rubber. He eventually comes to reclaim his son Trevor from his wife, but is willingly killed by her when his body, unable to pass through the windscreen of her car while trying to pass through it, cuts him in half.

Phillip Padgett, and Ken Naciamento played by John Hawkes, and Nestor Serrano respectively, in the episode "Milagro": Padgett is a reclusive writer who is obsessed with Dana Scully. Padgett moved next door to Fox Mulder in order to be closer to Scully (no apartments were available in her building). During the episode, Padgett is writing a novel that gives the details of several murders before they occur, in which the heart is removed. It turns out that one of the characters from Padgett's book, Ken Naciamento, is the killer. Naciamento is a deceased Brazilian heart surgeon who is recreated by Padgett in his writing, but Padgett's version of Naciamento has the ability to psychically remove the hearts of the victims Padgett adds to his book, and can only be seen by Padgett as well as his victims. Padgett ultimately burns his novel to save Scully from Naciamento.
Josh "Ex" Exley, played by Jesse L. Martin in the episode "The Unnatural": Exley is an exceptional baseball player in the Negro Leagues circa 1949, who turns out to be an extraterrestrial who arrived in the Roswell UFO incident. The episode, the first written and directed by David Duchovny, is mostly set in the past and follows Exley as he is torn between his passion for baseball and his desire not to be exposed, leading him to take the form of an African American player in the racially segregated era, due to his lower profile. However, when Exley begins to attract wider attention for his abilities, he comes into conflict with other members of his "race" (including regular mythology characters such as the Alien Bounty Hunter) and is killed. Having somehow achieved human form, he bleeds red blood. The story is retold to Mulder in the present by the brother of X-Files founder Agent Arthur Dales. The brother, who also happens to be named "Arthur Dales", witnessed the events as a young white agent assigned to protect Exley.

The Fungus, from the episode "Field Trip": A giant fungal life-form that resides in caves underneath the fields of North Carolina. Mulder and Scully first investigates the disappearance and discovery of a young couple's skeletal remains. During their search for answers, the duo are simultaneously affected by the fungus which releases its LSD-like spores in the form of mushrooms growing in the fields. The drug keeps its victims sedated and under hallucinations while it slowly digests them in the caves below. Mulder and Scully managed to meet up in their hallucinations as they try to distinguish reality from fantasy throughout the episode. Mulder manages to break both of them from their trance when he successfully breaks the creature's grasp on them. At the same time, they are rescued by Assistant Director Skinner and the authorities. In the end, the fungus is most likely incinerated to prevent further contamination.
Season seven[edit]
Robert "Rob" Roberts, portrayed by Chad Donella in the episode "Hungry": A young California man employed as a desk clerk at a fast food restaurant, Roberts was in fact a mutant who subsisted on human brains. He had a daily disguise as a normal twenty-something young man, though in his true form (which he revealed to his victims before most of his killings), he was bald, had pale skin, had no ears, almost no nose, black eyes, and sharp teeth. Roberts actually resented having to kill people for food, and actually tried to join a support group in the hopes of curbing his insatiable appetite, but his nature overwhelmed him and he killed an irate customer, a rival co-worker, a private detective, and a neighbor to eat their brains. When he was about to kill a female psychiatrist he had befriended, he was cornered by Agents Mulder and Scully, who had been investigating Roberts' killings. In an effort to stop his hunger forever, Roberts attacked the agents and forced them to shoot him, committing suicide by cop.

Max Harden, played by Scott Cooper in the episode "Rush": Max is a small town student and son of the local sheriff. He, along another young man and woman, discover a means of moving at a speed beyond the human eye's perception.

Henry Weems, played by Willie Garson in the episode "The Goldberg Variation": Weems is a man that has seemingly been "cursed" with good luck, but at the horrible expense of others around him.

Donnie Pfaster, See season two.

The Fear Monster, from the episode "X-Cops": A monster that thrives on fear in Willow Park, a fictional area of South Los Angeles populated by terrified residents, prostitutes, drug addicts, and an eccentric gay couple. The semi-famous Mulder and Scully are investigating the case in Willow Park when they run into local law enforcement and camera crews for the show COPS. Mulder initially suspects a werewolf attack, until a police sketch artist discovers that one resident apparently saw Freddy Krueger. Scully is conducting an autopsy when her assistant drops dead of the Hanta virus she so dreads, and later Scully is threatened by her own fear of the camera itself. This episode suggests that the "monster" is seen differently by each person and kills each differently, depending on their own mortal fears.

Maitreya, played by Krista Allen in the episode "First Person Shooter": Maitreya is a digital character—a female warrior created by a technician of video game developer First Person Shooter. Somehow the character enters into the company's current virtual reality game project and begins killing players, deaths which somehow affect their corporeal bodies as well. Mulder and Scully are forced into the VR world to confront her.

Ellen Adderly, played by Michelle Joyner in the episode "Chimera": Ellen Adderly, the wife of Sheriff Phil Adderly, had a unique dissociative identity disorder that manifested itself physically. After having discovered her husband's affairs with two different women, Ellen unknowingly transformed into a frightening creature, preceded by bizarre raven sightings, and murdered the women in their homes. When Mulder becomes suspicious of her involvement in the crimes, Ellen - in her monstrous form - attempts to drown him in a bathtub, but upon seeing her grotesque reflection in the water, transforms back and is subsequently committed to a mental hospital.

Darryl Weaver, played by Tobin Bell in the episode "Brand X": Tobin Bell is the only survivor of a focus group that smoked a new, "safer" cigarette being tested by Morley Tobacco. Folks all around him are dying of the same problem that killed his fellow test subjects (a tobacco beetle that gestates its larvae in human lungs), but Darryl Weaver seems unaffected. This is due to his nicotine tolerance, which does not allow any beetle larvae to develop within his lungs.

Betty Templeton and Lulu Pfeiffer, both portrayed by Kathy Griffin in the episode "Fight Club": They were daughters of an enraged convict via sperm donation, and inherited his mood. When they were near a telepathic link between them created mayhem in the surrounding area, by enraging everyone near and destroying objects, and both loved a wrestler, who later was revealed to have a convict brother, and they had a telepathic link too. When the four were at a wrestling arena their link made everyone fight without control.

Jenn, played by Paula Sorge in "Je Souhaite", is a Jinn who is awakened to fulfill the wishes of two down-on-their-luck brothers.
Season eight[edit]

Bat Creature from the episode "Patience": An extremely bloodthirsty bat creature, said to have been killed a half century ago, reappears and begins a new spree of vicious killings in Idaho. Agents Scully and Doggett are sent to investigate the first crime scene at a rural home in Burley, where a mortuary worker and his wife were mauled to death by what is presumed to be an animal by the local Police Department. Scully proposes a connection between the current killings and a charred corpse pulled from a nearby river two weeks ago, much to the annoyance of local Detective Yale Abbott, who considers her "spooky theories" preposterous. The murder of an elderly lady in her attic and then Detective Abbott eventually leads the agents to an old man, Ernie Stefaniuk, who has been living alone on an island for 44 years. He tells them that he was one of a group of hunters who tracked down and killed the "human bat" in 1956, or so they had thought. Ernie says that the burnt body is that of his wife Ariel, who had chosen to spend the rest of her life with him in solitude on the six acre island. He had promised her a Catholic burial and sent her body to shore via the river, but had to torch her body to stop the creature from finding it, as she harbored his scent. Doggett then realises that all of the recent victims had at some point made contact with the body; the Detective discovered it, the undertaker prepared it and the old women identified it as being her daughter. In their attempt to find and protect Ernie, the agents unintentionally lead the creature straight to him. It savages Ernie before being shot by both Scully and Doggett, turning on them and then flying off into the night. Its ultimate fate remains uncertain.

Parasitic Alien Worm from the episode "Roadrunners": An intelligent parasite, with a cult following of an entire town in Utah, needs a new host, as the old one has become too frail. When Scully investigates, and finds the missing man for whom she's been searching, the cult view her as a better prospect for their leader, since the current host body is not a good match and is dying.

Billy Underwood played by Kyle Pepi & Ryan Pepi in the episode "Invocation": Billy was a 7-year-old boy who vanished without a trace in 1990, only to reappear 10 years later, apparently not aging at all. He helps the agents reinvestigate his abduction and helps them locate his brother, who was kidnapped by the same person who originally took Billy. At the end of the episode, he shows Doggett where his skeleton is buried, then vanishes without a trace.

Martin Wells, played by Joe Morton in the episode "Redrum": Wells was a prosecutor in Baltimore, Maryland who was accused of fatally stabbing his wife. Wells gradually began to realize that he was living backwards in time, living through each of the previous days before he was to be assassinated by his father-in-law (Friday, then Thursday, then Wednesday, and so on). He initially tried to seek help from Agents Scully and Doggett, but they were reluctant to believe him. Wells also began receiving visions of the night of his wife's murder, which eventually revealed that the real killer was a prisoner who assaulted him in jail. When he arrived to the day after his wife's murder, both he and Doggett (an old friend of Wells') arrested the prisoner. During a confrontation during the future killer's interrogation, the killer accused Wells of prosecutorial misconduct, suppressing evidence during the trial of the killer's brother, who committed suicide in prison, something Wells later admitted to Doggett. The night of the murder, Wells came to his Baltimore apartment, where he and his wife were attacked by the killer. They were saved when Doggett fatally shot the assailant. The end of the episode, however, showed Wells willingly going to prison for his own crime.

Anthony Tipit, portrayed by Keith Szarabajka in "Via Negativa": Tipit was a cult leader in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania who preached a hybrid of Eastern mysticism[disambiguation needed] and evangelical Christianity, claiming that certain hallucinogens could guarantee access to a higher plane of reality. After ingesting what is later described as a "super-amphetamine", Tipit's third eye was opened.

Beggar Man, portrayed by Deep Roy in "Badlaa": A Siddhi mystic invading people's bodies and using them for transport and disguise as part of his plot for revenge against the American company whose explosion killed his 11-year-old son in Mumbai.

The Soul-Eater, played by Jordan Marder in the episode "The Gift": A creature of Native American lore that could consume the diseases of others, the soul-eater was discovered by Mulder shortly before his abduction. Mulder wished for the creature to relieve him of an incurable brain disease he had acquired following exposure to an alien artifact. Realizing that the creature was forced to experience the pain of all the people it cured, Mulder attempted to kill it in an act of mercy. The creature, however, survived, and was taken by a mob of townspeople in Squamash, Pennsylvania to cure a woman with kidney disease. Doggett, on the trail of the then-missing Mulder, encountered the creature in Squamash but was shot dead by a sheriff. In the final act of its power, the creature consumed Doggett's body and regurgitated it, reviving Doggett and bringing an end to its excruciating life.

The medusas, in the episode "Medusa": Microscopic, phosphorescent sea creatures made of calcium that interacts with the sweat on human bodies to conduct electricity, killing their victims in the process.

Herman Stites, portrayed by Zach Grenier in the episode "Alone". Stites was a biologist who experimented with reptiles. He discovered how to develop a new species of reptile, but somehow becomes it, and traps Doggett and Harrison underground. Stites, in his reptile form, uses venom to blind his victims and then waits for the digestive enzymes within the venom to kill them. Stites is taken underground by Mulder at the end of the episode, and is shot by Doggett.
Season nine[edit]

Erwin Timothy Lukesh, portrayed by Dylan Haggerty in "4-D": Lukesh was a serial killer who operated in a parallel universe of his own creation. According to Agent Monica Reyes, Lukesh created this universe accidentally through the suppression of his own rage, but after creating it, he committed a series of brutal murders against women in his pocket universe. As a side effect of existing in both that universe and the real universe, Lukesh possessed the ability to teleport from place to place at will, without leaving a trace. While the subject of an FBI stakeout led by Agents Dogget and Reyes, Lukesh slit agent Reyes throat fatally, and after teleporting behind him, shot Agent Dogget in the base of the spine with Agent Reyes' service weapon. However, Dogget teleported back to the real universe with Lukesh for an unexplained reason, and after a complicated investigation of how Agent Dogget was shot with Agent Reyes' service weapon, Lukesh killed his own mother to silence her, and out of rage, attempted to murder Agent Reyes, holding her responsible for his mother's death. However, as a result of a pre-existing FBI stakeout of Agent Reyes' apartment, Lukesh was shot in the forehead and killed. His abilities were never explained.
Oliver Martin, portrayed by Michael Emerson in "Sunshine Days": Oliver, whose real name is Anthony Fogelman, is a Van Nuys, California man who exhibited powerful psychokinetic ability at an early age. Raised by a single mother, Anthony was a lonely child whose life was lightened by the presence of a parapsychologist named Dr. John Rietz. Eventually, Rietz left, leaving Anthony without the only father figure he had. As he grew older, Anthony developed an obsession with The Brady Bunch, the TV series he watched with Dr. Rietz as a child; his abilities allowed him to literally recreate the Brady household (complete with the entire Brady family and Alice) inside his own home. Anthony eventually adopted the name Oliver Martin in a reference to Cousin Oliver, regarded by the Brady kids as a jinx. His abilities lead to the deaths of two people, and the resulting investigation by Scully, Doggett, and Reyes lead to a hopeful reunion with Dr. Rietz and Anthony choosing to abandon his powers as they are beginning to adversely affect his health.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ James Hatfield and George Burt (1996). The Unauthorized X-Files Challenge: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Tv's Most Incredible Show. Kensington Books, ISBN 9781575660967

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Men in Black (The X-Files)

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MIB agent, Crew Cut Man, shooting Deep Throat
In The X-Files television show, the Men in Black (MIB for short, and singular, Man in Black) refer, unofficially, to a group of enforcers employed by the Syndicate to execute assassinations, cover ups and other covert operations. It is implied that most, if not all, of them are former members of special operations units. Some, mostly shown in comedic episodes, parodied the traditional view of MIBs from UFO lore. Most had no known civilian identities, though there were some exceptions. They rarely speak.
The Men in Black are analogous to the alien bounty hunters employed by the Colonists. The Men in Black were, however, not as reliable as the bounty hunters and though sometimes they were used initially it took the more capable Alien Bounty Hunters to complete difficult tasks. The Syndicate would use the bounty hunters only when necessary because of an increased risk of exposure.
As of the series finale, it is assumed they have been phased out, as the "New Syndicate" (Super Soldiers) does not have as great a need to employ normal humans.

Contents
  [hide] 1 X
2 The Cleaner/Crew Cut Man
3 Luis Cardinal/Hispanic Man
4 Red-Haired Man
5 Grey-Haired Man
6 Jose Chung's Men in Black
7 Plain-Clothed Man
8 Dark Man/Moustache Man/Scott Garrett
9 Scott Ostelhoff
10 Quiet Willy
11 The Shooter
12 Black-Haired Man
13 Morris Fletcher 13.1 Howard Grodin and Jeff Smoodge
14 References
X[edit]
X is portrayed by Steven Williams. X was a high-ranking member of the Men In Black (MIB), a group of operatives used by The Syndicate to carry out their dirty work. X first appeared at the beginning of season 2, after he contacts Mulder to tell him he "has a friend at the FBI." X became Fox Mulder's information source after Deep Throat, Mulder's first informant, was executed.[1] X is a subordinate of The Smoking Man.[2]
While X's loyalties and his own agenda were often unclear, he has more than once proven that he at least does not want Mulder dead. In the episode "End Game", he is approached by Dana Scully, who pleads that she needs to know where Mulder is, believing his life to be in danger. Initially X refuses, and is subsequently confronted by Walter Skinner, who seemed to recognize X. He relinquishes Mulder's location, though not until after a brief but intense scuffle with Skinner.[3] In the episode "731", X's loyalty to Mulder is further confirmed. Trapped on a train car equipped with a time bomb, Mulder, about to escape, is attacked brutally by an MIB assassin. X fatally shoots the Red Haired Man as he is about to step off the car. X boards the car with only enough time left to save either Mulder or the alien-human hybrid the car was transporting, opting to save Mulder, and carries him off to safety just as the car explodes.[4]
In the season 4 opener "Herrenvolk", X's position as an informant is discovered by the Syndicate. When suspicion arises after the finding of photographs that were taken of The Smoking Man by X, false information is planted at the First Elder's behest, in order to root out the leak. Attempting to relay the information to Mulder, X goes to his apartment and is surprised by fellow MIB operative, the Gray Haired Man, who fatally shoots him. With his last strength, X crawls to Mulder's doorstep and writes in his own blood "SRSG", meaning "Special Representative to the Secretary General" of the United Nations, and thus, this clue leads Mulder to Marita Covarrubias.[5] After his death, X appears two more times: in The Lone Gunmen origin story "Unusual Suspects," set before his death, and as a ghost in the series finale.[6][7]
The Cleaner/Crew Cut Man[edit]
The Cleaner, better known as Crew Cut Man, is a character from The X-Files. He is portrayed by Lindsey Ginter. The Crew Cut Man is an MIB assassin/saboteur employed by the Syndicate, specifically by the Cigarette Smoking Man. In the season one finale, "The Erlenmeyer Flask", Crew Cut Man is working with a couple of other Men in Black to terminate all evidence of a covert alien-human hybrid program, which Mulder was investigating. Mulder ends up being taken by the operatives, and, during the subsequent exchange for Mulder's life, Deep Throat is killed by Crew Cut Man.[8]
Scully witnesses the murder and later, in the season two episode "Red Museum", she recognizes him during a case in remote Wisconsin, where secret experiments with alien DNA were being conducted. He is about his old business again, though working alone this time, and is eventually shot dead by a local sheriff as he tries to set fire to a warehouse where Mulder is trapped.[9]
Like most Men in Black, little is known about Crew Cut Man. While Mulder was being held, his cell phone was left unanswered by Crew Cut Man, as he remarked that he had "this thing about unsecured lines."[8]
Luis Cardinal/Hispanic Man[edit]
Luis Cardinal, portrayed by Lenny Britos. Initially only known as "Hispanic Man", he was a Nicaraguan mercenary working for Cigarette Smoking Man. Cardinal was trained at the School of the Americas facility, and was involved in the Iran-Contra affair. Whilst briefly partnered with Alex Krycek, he killed Scully's sister, Melissa, in a case of mistaken identity. He was also the man who shot Assistant Director Skinner, who survived. He was later taken into custody by the Washington, D.C. Police Department, and was then hanged in his cell with the appearance of suicide to keep him silent.[10][11]
Red-Haired Man[edit]
The Red-Haired Man, played by Stephen McHattie, is a Man in Black who worked for the First Elder, though he claimed to be an agent of the NSA. He worked as an assassin, garroting several Japanese scientists who had been working on an alien-human hybrid in the hopes of surviving colonisation. He nearly kills Mulder twice, but is eliminated by X in the season 3 episode "731".[4][12] In the X-Files DVD collection, his name is given as "Malcolm Gerlach", though he is never named onscreen.
Grey-Haired Man[edit]
The Grey-Haired Man, played by Morris Panych, was first shown, along with other fellow MIB operatives, attempting to deter Skinner from reopening Melissa Scully's murder investigation.[13] In "Herrenvolk", he assassinates X per the orders of the First Elder, after the Syndicate learns that X has been leaking information to Fox Mulder.[5] He also appeared in the episodes "Memento Mori" and "Zero Sum". The Grey-Haired Man was originally intended to be The Smoking Man's henchman, but disappeared when the actor left. He is seen as a subordinate to both The Smoking Man and the First Elder. He also comes quite close to killing Mulder, tracking him down at a Syndicate facility, but ultimately Mulder escaped thanks to a bulletproof-glass window.[14]
Jose Chung's Men in Black[edit]
Man in Black #1, played by Jesse Ventura in the comedic episode, "Jose Chung's From Outer Space". Acting more in line with (and in a parody of) real-world accounts of the Men in Black, he tricked those who saw UFOs into questioning the reality of their accounts.[15]
Man in Black #2, played by Alex Trebek, was the first Man in Black's partner in the same episode. As Men in Black are supposed to appear so ridiculous that stories of encountering them are widely disbelieved, this character's obvious resemblance to Trebek is played up as a plot point, with Jose Chung interrupting Scully to inquire as to whether she really meant to bring up "Alex Trebek? The game show host?"[15]
Plain-Clothed Man[edit]
The Plain-Clothed Man, played by Tim Henry, was a subordinate of X. He was used to relay information to Fox Mulder, as it was too risky at the time for X to contact Mulder personally. He is eliminated by X at the end of the episode "Wetwired", in order to cover his tracks.[2] The character of the Plain-Clothed man was conceived as an expendable cameo, as Steven Williams, the actor who played X, had scheduling problems due to L.A. Heat, necessitating a temporary character in his stead.[16]
Dark Man/Moustache Man/Scott Garrett[edit]
Dark Man/Moustache Man/Scott Garrett, played by Greg Michaels, was a Man in Black employed to aid a Syndicate cover-up. whilst listed in the episode credits as "Scott Garrett", he was never named onscreen, and the credits from The X-Files DVD collection list him as "Dark Man". In spite of this, he is referred to by fans as the "Moustache Man". He was assigned to oversee a military cover-up of a plane crash caused by an alien spacecraft, deliberately sabotaging efforts to identify a former colleague who had been on the crashed plane.[17] He accidentally killed Agent Pendrell while attempting to shoot a defecting conspirator in Scully's protection. He was later abducted by aliens whilst pursuing Mulder on a passenger flight, during an attempt to salvage alien technology.[18]
Scott Ostelhoff[edit]
Scott Ostelhoff, played by Steve Makaj, was an MIB operative with Department of Defense credentials, working for the First Elder. He was tasked with murdering the members of an expedition team that was attempting to excavate a recently discovered alien corpse, which was actually an elaborate hoax. He was assigned for an unknown length of time to surveil Fox Mulder from the apartment above his. He is killed in a confrontation with Mulder, and his face destroyed with his own shotgun so as to allow Mulder to fake his own death.[19][20]
Quiet Willy[edit]
Quiet Willy, played by Willy Ross, was an operative ordered by the First Elder to carry out the assassination of The Smoking Man, although this attempt was to prove unsuccessful.[20] At a later date, he was appointed by the Well-Manicured Man to investigate the mysterious deaths by burning of Syndicate scientists involved in the human-alien hybrid program. During the course of this investigation, Quiet Willy apprehended Cassandra Spender, but was killed by the faceless rebels. His guise was later adopted by one of the Alien Bounty Hunters whilst tracking down one of these same rebels.[21][22] Quiet Willy was never officially named in his appearances, his name being a fan coinage derived from his tacit nature and the name of the actor portraying him.
The Shooter[edit]
The Shooter, played by Martin Ferrero, was a marksman who only appeared in the season 5 finale, "The End". He was a former NSA agent and Special Forces operative with experience in assassinations. On orders from the Syndicate, he attempted to kill Gibson Praise with a sniper rifle during an international chess tournament. The attempt failed, as Gibson was able to telepathically discern what was about to happen, and The Shooter was taken into police custody. Whilst in custody, he was shot through a slot in his cell door by his fellow Man in Black, the Black-Haired Man.[23]
Black-Haired Man[edit]
The Black-Haired Man, played by Scott Eberlein, is another Syndicate-employed marksman. He first appears in the season 5 finale, "The End", where he executes fellow Man in Black The Shooter.[23] In the X-Files movie, he is seen leaving a building before it is blown up, and also surveils at least one of Fox Mulder's meetings with Alvin Kurtzweil. Later in the film, he kidnaps Scully whilst disguised as a paramedic, and almost kills Mulder when he fires at him point blank.[24] He is later ordered to spy on Scully in the season 7 episode "En Ami", and almost kills her via sniper rifle, but is dispatched by his superior, The Smoking Man.[25]
Morris Fletcher[edit]
Morris Fletcher is portrayed by Michael McKean. Fletcher was in charge of keeping all of Area 51's information out of the press, by all means necessary. He has claimed that in 1979, he found a young dinner theater actor named John Gillnitz in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He set him up as the President of Iraq under the name Saddam Hussein in order to distract the American public. During his time in Area 51, Fletcher met Ronald Reagan's family and Newt Gingrich.[26]
In 1998, as a result of a UFO warp incident, accidentally caused by General Edward Wegman, Fletcher switched minds with FBI Special Agent Fox Mulder. During his time inhabiting Mulder's body, Fletcher revealed state secrets to The Lone Gunmen and helped improve Mulder's relationship with Assistant Director Alvin Kersh. When the warp reversed itself, and Mulder and Fletcher returned to their rightful bodies, they lost all memories of the events, and only a few changes actually occurred.[26] The following year, Fletcher was among the visitors to Def-Con 99 in Las Vegas, Nevada.[27] Two years later he appeared on The Lone Gunmen episode "All About Yves", where the Lone Gunmen attempt to trick him into revealing information about Area 51 and government involvement in UFO cover-ups. He then finds himself aiding the Gunmen in tracking down their enigmatic acquantance Yves Adele Harlow in the belief that she worked for Romeo 61, a government-sponsored wetworks unit.[28]
By 2002, he had left Area 51 and was working for an international arms dealer. He staged another hoax to once again catch Harlow, the arms dealer's daughter. Using FBI Special Agents John Doggett and Monica Reyes, Fletcher tracked down Harlow and helped prevent a massive genetically engineered virus from being released in New York City. The Lone Gunmen died from the virus and Fletcher was present at their funeral.[29]
Howard Grodin and Jeff Smoodge[edit]
Howard Grodin and Jeff Smoodge, played by Michael Buchman Silver and Scott Allan Campbell respectively, were co-workers of Morris Fletcher at Area 51.[26]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Daniel Sackheim. "The Host". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 2. Fox.
2.^ Jump up to: a b Rob Bowman. "Wetwired". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 23. Fox.
3.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "End Game". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 17. Fox.
4.^ Jump up to: a b Rob Bowman. "731". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 10. Fox.
5.^ Jump up to: a b R. W. Goodwin. "Herrenvolk". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 1. Fox.
6.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. Fox.
7.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Unusual Suspects". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 3. Fox.
8.^ Jump up to: a b R.W. Goodwin. "The Erlenmeyer Flask". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 24. Fox.
9.Jump up ^ Win Phelps. "Red Museum". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 10. Fox.
10.Jump up ^ R.W. Goodwin. "The Blessing Way". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 1. Fox.
11.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Paper Clip". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 2. Fox.
12.Jump up ^ David Nutter. "Nisei". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 9. Fox.
13.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Piper Maru". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 15. Fox.
14.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Memento Mori". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 14. Fox.
15.^ Jump up to: a b Rob Bowman. "Jose Chung's From Outer Space". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 20. Fox.
16.Jump up ^ Lowry,Brian (1996). Trust No One: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. pp. 216–217.
17.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Tempus Fugit". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 17. Fox.
18.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Max". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 18. Fox.
19.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin. "Gethsemane". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 24. Fox.
20.^ Jump up to: a b R. W. Goodwin & Kim Manners. "Redux". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 1 & 2. Fox.
21.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Patient X". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 13. Fox.
22.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "The Red and the Black". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 14. Fox.
23.^ Jump up to: a b R. W. Goodwin. "The End". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 20. Fox.
24.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman (1998). "The X-Files". The X-Files. Fox.
25.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "En Ami". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 15. Fox.
26.^ Jump up to: a b c Kim Manners & Michael Watkins. "Dreamland". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 4 & 5. Fox.
27.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Three of a Kind". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 20. Fox.
28.Jump up ^ Bryan Spicer. "All About Yves". The Lone Gunmen. Season 1. Episode 13. Fox.
29.Jump up ^ Cliff Bole. "Jump the Shark". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 15. Fox.

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Syndicate (The X-Files)

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The Syndicate is a "shadow government" group featured in The X-Files television show and feature film created by Chris Carter. They were also known as The Elders, The Consortium, and The Group. Because of their presiding over the cover-up of extraterrestrial life, they were the main force opposing the X-Files investigators, Fox Mulder and Dana Scully, in the series.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Goals and methods
2 History 2.1 Early years
2.2 Destruction
2.3 Legacy
3 Men in Black
4 References
5 External links
Goals and methods[edit]
An embodiment of the concept of the "shadow government" in conspiracy theory lore, the Syndicate is composed of covertly allied influential government officials and businessmen. The Syndicate, operating at the highest levels of power, concealed from the world a program by an unidentified extraterrestrial species to colonize and repopulate the planet, as well as their own plans and stake in that future, which they held to be inevitable.
To carry out murder, cover-ups, sabotage and other wetworks projects, the Syndicate used an unknown number of henchmen commonly referred to as the Men in Black. The Men in Black were merciless protectors of the conspiracy whose true names, like the members of the Syndicate, were rarely if ever known. Many worked ostensibly for the U.S. Defense Department, Central Intelligence Agency, National Security Agency, along with various other government agencies. Prominent Men in Black agents included X, Alex Krycek, the Crew Cut Man, and Quiet Willy.
The leader of the Syndicate was a former German industrialist named Conrad Strughold, who had fled his home country and relocated to Tunisia.[1] However, most of the Syndicate's meetings were held at a clandestine club located on West 46th Street in New York City, and did not involve Strughold, due to the fact that his entry into the United States would potentially draw too much attention because of his ties to Nazi Germany. Meetings with Strughold were instead held in London.[2] A possible front for the group, evidenced in the episode "Redux II", was a biotechnology firm called Roush. Reportedly, Carter named the company after USA Today TV critic Matt Roush, who was an influential early champion of The X-Files.[3] Roush's facilities were used in some experiments involving the virus, as shown in the sixth season premiere "The Beginning".[4] Also, according to Alvin Kurtzweil, when the alien takeover was set to commence in December 2012, the Syndicate would have seized control of the United States via the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), which had the power to suspend constitutional government upon declaration of a national emergency.[2]
History[edit]
Early years[edit]
The Syndicate was formed at the end of World War II, after the Roswell incident, when German scientists were brought to the United States to work on developing an alien-human hybrid. Alvin Kurtzweil recounted that when he and Bill Mulder were young men in the military, they were recruited for a project that they were told was concerned with biological warfare.[5] Deep Throat claimed that it began after Roswell, when an ultrasecret conference of power brokers in the United States, the Soviet Union, United Kingdom, China, France, West Germany, and East Germany, signed a treaty that if an alien spacecraft crashed on Earth and the extraterrestrials survived, the country that held them would be responsible for their immediate extermination.[6]
The group that would become the Syndicate existed as early as 1952 as a secret group within the Department of State. Their activities included experimenting with xenotransplantation,[7] relocating ex-Nazi scientists to the United States after WWII,[8] and covering up the black oil discovered in the Piper Maru in 1953.[9]

 

 The colonists in 1973 when they forged their alliance with the Syndicate
The members of the secretive group within the State Department officially broke off ties with the United States government in 1973. However, some of the members continued to work within the State Department. On October 13, the Syndicate formally forged their alliance with the alien colonists at El Rico Air Force Base. The Cigarette Smoking Man personally presented a folded American flag to the aliens, symbolizing their surrender to a superior intergalactic force. The Syndicate was also commencing their work on the Project, which would see an immense effort in creating an alien/human hybrid to serve the aliens as a slave race after colonization. To allow the Syndicate to develop the hybrid, they were provided an alien fetus from which to extract DNA and begin research. However, the aliens demanded in exchange samples of human DNA. Members of the Syndicate turned over their loved ones to the aliens as part of the exchange. The Cigarette Smoking Man handed over his wife, Cassandra Spender, and William Mulder reluctantly surrendered his daughter, Samantha.[10]
By March 22, 1992, the Syndicate had use of a vast warehouse in The Pentagon where artifacts constituting evidence of alien existence were stored. The Cigarette Smoking Man added an implant, recovered by Mulder and Scully on their first case together, to the items kept in this storage facility. As Mulder and Scully learned, other efforts to erase their findings were apparently made, including the disappearance of paperwork, such as a case file on Billy Miles, that the agents had filed with the District Attorney's office in Raymon County, Oregon.[11]
Destruction[edit]
In 1998, the Syndicate learned of a rebel faction among the aliens that was fighting against their brethren and the colonization of Earth. The first incident of rebel violence on Earth occurred in Kazakhstan, where dozens of impending abductees were found incinerated. Marita Covarrubias investigated the incident and quickly had it covered up. Shortly thereafter, many more abductees were summoned to Skyland Mountain via their metallic tags. Again, the group was attacked and incinerated by the alien rebels. It was at this time that the rebels were more clearly identified as being faceless—with their facial orifices sewn shut to prevent black oil infection—a telltale characteristic that set them apart as the rebel force.[12] The following year, the rebels made their most daring—and most destructive—move. Outside of Washington, D.C., they attacked a train car, wherein a group of Syndicate doctors led by Eugene Openshaw were experimenting on Cassandra Spender—the first successful alien-human hybrid. The rebels incinerated the doctors, but left Cassandra alive so that the Project would be revealed and subsequently destroyed. Indeed, one of the rebels killed the Second Elder and assumed his position at meetings of the Syndicate. However, the Cigarette Smoking Man realized this and had the group cease meeting together.[13]
The Smoking Man contacted his son, Jeffrey Spender, and charged him with killing the rebel posing as the Second Elder. However, Spender fails, and Alex Krycek successfully completes the assassination. Spender then realizes the scope of the conspiracy being carried out by his father, and he pledges his support to Fox Mulder. Having their hand forced by the rebels, the Syndicate retrieved Cassandra Spender and prepared to present her to the aliens so that colonization could begin. However, the rebels instead appear and incinerate the entire group of high-ranking Syndicate members, meaning the destruction of the Syndicate.[10]
Legacy[edit]
Later in 1999, Scully asked Mulder what more he could possibly hope to do or to find, after having done and uncovered so much, such as exposing the secrets of a conspiracy of men who had been doing human experiments but were all now dead. Mulder's reply was that he still hoped to find his sister.[14] Later on, Mulder dreamt of the Syndicate, in which an illusory version of the Cigarette Smoking Man claimed that his group had "made entire cultures disappear".[15]
In reality, the Cigarette Smoking Man continued working on the Project with a group of men who held a conference to discuss colonization in 1999.[14] The Cigarette Smoking Man also continued working with his doctors, who were aware of the Syndicate's work to create a human-alien hybrids and attempted to continue this work.[15] The Cigarette Smoking Man is also seen, in "Biogenesis", meeting with a group of men, some in military uniforms, who are speaking about some sort of disaster and "containment" of it.[14] Presumably they are speaking about colonization, and this assembly of men may be part of the Cigarette Smoking Man's intentions, revealed in "Requiem", to try to rebuild the conspiracy.[16]
In season eight, Doctor Lizzy Gill admitted to Mulder, Assistant Director Walter Skinner and Special agent John Doggett that, for the past ten years, she and her colleagues had been working to create a human-alien hybrid. According to her, the work had originally been financed by a group of government men but had continued after their deaths. Gill's colleagues, by this time, included Doctors Parenti, Lev and Duffy Haskell, but they all had been killed recently by super soldier Billy Miles.[17]
With the Syndicate eliminated, the power vacuum was eventually filled in season nine by a new government-like organization. This organization included members such as the Toothpick Man,[18] Gene Crane, and Knowle Rohrer, among others. All known members revealed to viewers in the series were super soldiers, men with superhuman abilities - with the exception of Alex Krycek, who was killed in "Existence".[19] During the season finale, "The Truth" this unnamed organization shuts down the X-Files office at the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Mulder was left on the run[20] until all his criminal charges were lifted in 2008 (The X-Files: I Want to Believe).[21]
Men in Black[edit]
Main article: Men in Black (The X-Files)
The Men in Black refers, unofficially, to a group of enforcers employed by the Syndicate to take care of the dirty work of the conspiracy. Most of them were ex-military, highly trained and loyal hitmen, who worked, as a front, in government agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Department of Defense, and the National Security Agency.
The Men in Black are analogous to the Alien Bounty Hunters employed by the Colonists. The Men in Black were, however, not as reliable as the bounty hunters and though sometimes they were used initially it took the more capable Alien Bounty Hunters to complete difficult tasks. The Syndicate would use the bounty hunters only when absolutely necessary because of an increased risk of exposure.
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ The X-Files soundtrack hidden commentary track
2.^ Jump up to: a b Chris Carter (1998). The X-Files: Fight the Future (DVD). Fox Broadcasting Company.
3.Jump up ^ Hunt, Elizabeth (May 2001). ""The Nation's TV Guide: Proud Hoosier Matt Roush tells America what's worth watching"". Indiana Alumni Magazine. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
4.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Beginning". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 1. Fox Broadcasting Company.
5.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "The X-Files". The X-Files. FOX.
6.Jump up ^ William Graham. "E.B.E.". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 17. FOX.
7.Jump up ^ William Graham. "Travelers". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 15. FOX.
8.Jump up ^ Rob Bowman. "Paper Clip". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 2. FOX.
9.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Apocrypha". The X-Files. Season 3. Episode 16. FOX.
10.^ Jump up to: a b Rob Bowman. "One Son". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 12. FOX.
11.Jump up ^ Robert Mandel. "Pilot". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 1. FOX.
12.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Patient X". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 13. FOX.
13.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Two Fathers". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 11. FOX.
14.^ Jump up to: a b c Rob Bowman. "Biogenesis". The X-Files. Season 6. Episode 22. FOX.
15.^ Jump up to: a b Michael W. Watkins. "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 2. FOX.
16.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Requiem". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 22. FOX.
17.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "Essence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 20. FOX.
18.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Providence". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 10. FOX.
19.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "Existence". The X-Files. Season 8. Episode 21. FOX.
20.Jump up ^ Kim Manners. "The Truth". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 19 & 20. FOX.
21.Jump up ^ Chris Carter. "I Want to Believe". The X-Files. Episode 2. FOX.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: TXF The Syndicate

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X-File

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For the television series, see The X-Files.
For the 3D file format, see .x.

 This article describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in-universe style. Please help rewrite it to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective. (September 2010) 

 This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2009) 
On the television series The X-Files, an X-File is a fictional case that has been deemed unsolvable by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. (TXF: "Dæmonicus") The files constitute an unassigned project outside the Bureau mainstream that is more or less concerned with unexplained phenomena. (TXF: "Pilot")

Contents
  [hide] 1 History 1.1 First X-Files
1.2 1990s
1.3 2000s
2 List of X-Files
3 References
History[edit]
First X-Files[edit]
According to the series mythology the very first X-File was initiated in 1946 by J. Edgar Hoover. It contained information about a series of murders that occurred in Northwest America during World War II, seven of which took place in Browning, Montana. Each of the victims were basically ripped to shreds and consumed, as if by a wild animal. However, many of the victims were found in their homes, as if they had allowed the killer to enter. In 1946, police cornered what they believed to be such an animal in a cabin in Glacier National Park. They shot it, but when they entered the cabin to retrieve the carcass, they found only the body of Richard Watkins. The murders stopped that year. Believing that the case was too bizarre to be solved adequately, Hoover labeled it unsolved and locked it away in the hope that it would eventually be forgotten. However, the murders resumed in 1954 and continued to occur every few years.[1]
In 1952, an X-File regarding something that killed cattle and terrorized the human inhabitants of Point Pleasant, West Virginia was added to the cases. After witnesses described the culprits as primitive-looking men with red piercing eyes, they became known as the moth men.[citation needed] The case detailing this phenomenon was consequently filed under "M", within the X-Files. (TXF: "Detour")
In the same year, Dorothy Bahnsen, a clerk working at the FBI Headquarters, was responsible for the files. She had originally filed the cases under U for "unsolved", but had moved them to a more spacious X cabinet when she ran out of room. There, they began to be unofficially known as "X-files". The director's office still decided which cases were filed under X, but also discouraged people from looking at the ones that had been labeled unsolved. Special agent Arthur Dales was one of the first agents to try to tackle the cases. He had some success, but the FBI and their superiors wanted several cases to remain unsolved and Agent Dales eventually retired in obscurity. (TXF: "Travelers")
1990s[edit]
It wasn't until 1990 that another agent decided to take a look. Special Agent Fox Mulder was generally considered the best analyst in the FBI's Violent Crimes Section. At first, he thought the X-Files seemed like "a garbage dump for UFO sightings, alien abduction reports, the kind of stuff that most people [would] laugh at as being ridiculous". However, Mulder soon became fascinated by the files and read hundreds of the ones he was allowed access to. He read everything he could about paranormal phenomena and the occult. (TXF: "Pilot") He eventually transferred to the X-Files Section and worked on some cases with his girlfriend at the time, Diana Fowley. Fowley was an FBI agent with knowledge about and a belief in parapsychology. She stopped working on the cases when her relationship with Mulder ended and she accepted an assignment abroad. (TXF: "The End")
In March 1992, the X-Files were stored in Mulder's office on the basement of the FBI's J. Edgar Hoover Building in Washington, D.C. Mulder's superiors distrusted his methods and, as a result, Section Chief Scott Blevins assigned Agent Dana Scully to work with Mulder on the cases. Blevins claimed to believe that Mulder had developed a consuming devotion to the X-Files and that Scully, who was trained as a medical doctor, would lend proper scientific analysis to the cases. In fact, Scully later learned that she had been assigned to spy on Mulder. (TXF: "Pilot", "The Truth")
Eventually, Scully came to believe in the existence of alien life and in a powerful conspiracy inside the American government that worked to keep the aliens a secret. The proof establishing these facts that Mulder and Scully uncovered and added to the X-Files was overwhelming, and even scientifically undeniable. (TXF: "The Truth")
While the agents continued to investigate the X-Files, a man they referred to as "Deep Throat" provided them with top secret information that helped with the cases. (TXF: "Deep Throat", "The Erlenmeyer Flask") However, he was later killed for helping the agents and the cases were shut down. (TXF: "The Erlenmeyer Flask")
While operating as a general assignment agent in 1994, Mulder received an anonymous phone call from a mysterious man. The man told him that the X-Files had to be reopened. (TXF: "The Host") Once the two later met, the mysterious man claimed that the government conspiracy had killed "Deep Throat", closed down the X-Files and separated the agents assigned to the cases as an initial attempt to secure the truth they were hiding. (TXF: "Sleepless")
Aware that the X-Files was the thing the conspiracy feared most, Mulder's superior, Assistant Director Walter Skinner, reopened the cases a few months later. (TXF: "Ascension")
A short time later, Mulder offered his badge and the X-Files to Skinner, in return for the whereabouts of a certain member of the government conspiracy. (TXF: "One Breath")
2000s[edit]
Special Agent John Doggett was assigned to the X-Files in 2000 and Special Agent Monica Reyes in 2001. The X-Files investigations were closed finally in 2002. (TXF: "The Truth")
List of X-Files[edit]
73317- Investigating the disappearance of Dana Scully. (TXF: "3")
621517- Investigating the murder of Melissa Scully. (TXF: "Apocrypha")
11214893- Investigating the arson and murders committed by Cecil L'Ively. (TXF: "Fire")
DF101364- Investigating the disappearance of Colonel Robert Budahas. (TXF: "Deep Throat")
X-40253- Investigating the disappearance of Samantha Mulder. (TXF: "Conduit")
X-40271- Investigating the murder of Officer Charlie Morris. (TXF: "Born Again")
X-60794 Unknown case (TXF: "Dreamland II")
X-71009- A file with details on General Assignment Agent Fox Mulder. (TXF: "Dreamland II")
X-97554- Investigating a peculiar spacecraft discovered in Africa. (TXF: "Provenance")
X-120898- Investigating the disappearance of FBI Special Agent Raymond Crouch. (TXF: "Millennium")
X 129202- Investigating the Baltimore, Maryland murders by Eugene Victor Tooms. (TXF: "Tooms)
X-152830- Investigating the disappearance of Cassandra Spender. (TXF: "The Red and the Black")
X-167512- A file detailing visionary encounters with the dead. (TXF: "Young at Heart")
X280911- Investigating the murder of Special Agent Robert Comer. (TXF: "Providence")
X-491679- Unknown case (TXF: "The End")
X-525652- Investigating the murders committed by Edward Skur. (TXF: "Travelers")
X 649176- Investigating reports of men who could change into a wolf. (TXF: "Shapes")
X667386- Investigating the peculiar insect activity in Miller's Grove, Massachusetts. (TXF: "War of the Coprophages")
X-751483 - Pertaining to the Death of Special Agent Fox Mulder Possible hallucination of the article in the real case file (TXF: "Field Trip")
X 964394- Unknown case (TXF: "Deadalive")
X256933VW- Investigating the Trinity Killers. (TXF: "3")
XWC060361 - Investigating the Church of the Red Museum in connection with teenage kidnappings. (TXF: "Red Museum")
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ David Nutter (director); Marilyn Osborn (writer) (April 1, 1994). "Shapes". The X-Files. Season 1. Episode 19. Fox Broadcasting Company.

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Samantha Mulder

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Samantha Mulder
Samanthaxfiles.jpg
Ashlyn Rose as Samantha Mulder in "Dreamland II"
 
First appearance
"Conduit"
Last appearance
"The X-Files: I Want To Believe" (photo)
Portrayed by
Various, see below
Samantha Ann Mulder is a fictional character in the television series The X-Files. She attended Hays High School. She is the sister of FBI Special Agent Fox Mulder and the daughter of Teena and Bill Mulder. As a child, Samantha was abducted, ostensibly by aliens, and was never recovered. It is this experience that drives her older brother Fox Mulder to join the FBI, and later take the reins of the X-Files section.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history
3 Reception
4 References
Character arc[edit]
On November 27, 1973,[1] Samantha was abducted by aliens from the Mulder family home on Martha's Vineyard, when she was 8 years old. Fox Mulder, who was 12 years old at the time, began his obsession with extraterrestrials as a result of this incident.[2] Much of the show focused on Mulder's efforts to discover what happened to his sister. When she first appeared as an adult, she claims that she lost her memory after her abduction and was adopted by a new family, but she has been regaining her memory gradually during the last year before finally meeting her own family and Mulder.[3] However, this person was later revealed to be one of several adult Samantha clones, all of whom were probably killed by the Alien Bounty Hunter.[4]
Jeremiah Smith takes Mulder to a covert bee husbandry facility in remote Alberta. There, he finds a group of Samantha clones, all no older than the day the real Samantha disappeared, working on the alien colonists' and Syndicate's joint project of spreading the Black Oil. The facility was soon after destroyed, and the clones were presumably killed by the Alien Bounty Hunter.[5]
Later in the fourth season, Mulder becomes convinced that Samantha was kidnapped and murdered by John L. Roche. Roche is a serial killer whom Mulder previously profiled, and helped lock up for the murder of thirteen young girls. His signature was the removal of a heart-shaped piece of cloth from each girl's clothing. Through a dream, Mulder finds another girl, and the discovery of the missing "paper hearts" reveals that two are still missing, for a total of sixteen. Roche gives the location of one, but since Mulder kills Roche during a standoff at the end of the episode, the other is never found. Roche manipulates Mulder into believing that Samantha is one of his victims, and Mulder takes him to a house and gets him to go over the events of the evening Samantha disappeared. Mulder catches him in the lie, revealing that they're in the wrong house.[1]
At the beginning of the fifth season, The Smoking Man introduced Mulder to a woman who he claims is, and who herself believes to be, Samantha. She tells Mulder that she has children of her own, thought that her mother had died some time ago, and believed Cigarette Smoking Man to be her father. She leaves abruptly during the meeting, and is never seen again. According to Cassandra Spender, she was another clone.[6]
Samantha's storyline is presumably resolved in the seventh season. In that episode, Dana Scully watches a 1989 tape in which Mulder undergoes hypnotic regression therapy, which another agent describes as "garden-variety compensatory abduction fantasy" which feeds Mulder's "unconscious hope that his sister is still alive". Later, with the help of a medium, Mulder discovers Samantha's diary, which states that in 1979 at age 14, while living in California with Jeffrey Spender, she was the subject of numerous tests at the hands of the Cigarette Smoking Man. Unable to bear the testing any longer, Samantha ran away and was eventually admitted to a hospital. Arbutus Ray, the admitting nurse from the hospital, tells Mulder about the young girl. Ray adds that a group of men (one of whom seems to be the Cigarette Smoking Man) came to the hospital to claim the girl, only to find that she had disappeared from her locked hospital room. Ray also describes how she had a vision that was eerily similar to others', who had also lost children in a similar fashion. It is revealed that Samantha was taken by "spiritual intervention" beings called "Walk-ins", which save souls from painful fates. While in the nearby woods later, Mulder has a dreamlike vision and is briefly reunited with Samantha's spirit. After Mulder returns, Scully asks if he is all right. Mulder replies "I'm fine. I'm free," suggesting that he, like several of the other parents whose children have disappeared, accepts that Samantha's soul is in "a better place".[7]
Samantha is mentioned once again in The X-Files: I Want to Believe, being the inspiration that drives Mulder to try to save a likely-dead agent. Mulder is seen to admit she is dead, but keeps her picture on the wall with newspaper clippings of his own exploits with the FBI and alien evidence.[8]
Conceptual history[edit]
Samantha Mulder was played as a child by Vanessa Morley, and as an adult by Megan Leitch. Several other actors played the part for individual episodes—Brianne Benitz in the first season's "Miracle Man", Ashlynn Rose in the sixth season's "Dreamland II", and Mimi Paley in the seventh season episode "Closure".
Reception[edit]
Zack Handlen of The A.V. Club praised the way Samantha was presented in "Colony", saying that "In the seasons to come, we end up with enough Samantha's [sic] to fill a clown-car, but here, the reveal is shocking, effective, and unsettling".[9]
References[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b Director: Rob Bowman; Writer: Vince Gilligan (15 December 1996). "Paper Hearts". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 10. Fox.
2.Jump up ^ Director: David Nutter; writers: Glen Morgan, James Wong. "Little Green Men". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 1. Fox.
3.Jump up ^ Director: Nick Marck; Writers: Chris Carter, David Duchovny. "Colony". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 16. Fox.
4.Jump up ^ Director: Rob Bowman; Writer: Frank Spotnitz. "End Game". The X-Files. Season 2. Episode 17. Fox.
5.Jump up ^ Director: R. W. Goodwin; writer: Chris Carter. "Herrenvolk". The X-Files. Season 4. Episode 1. Fox.
6.Jump up ^ Directors: R. W. Goodwin & Kim Manners; writer: Chris Carter. "Redux". The X-Files. Season 5. Episode 1 & 2. Fox.
7.Jump up ^ Director: Kim Manners; writers: Chris Carter, Frank Spotnitz. "Closure". The X-Files. Season 7. Episode 11. Fox.
8.Jump up ^ Director: Chris Carter; writers: Chris Carter, Frank Spotnitz (25 July 2008). "The X-Files: I Want to Believe".
9.Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (13 June 2010). ""Colony"/"End Game"/"Fearful Symmetry" | The X-Files/Millennium | TV Club". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 18 March 2012.

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Jimmy Bond

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Jimmy Bond
Jimmy Bond TXF.jpg
Stephen Snedden as Jimmy Bond
 
First appearance
"Bond, Jimmy Bond"
Last appearance
"Jump the Shark"
Portrayed by
Stephen Snedden
Information

Birthname
Jimmy Bond
Affiliated with
The Lone Gunmen
Jimmy Bond is a fictional character in the American FOX television shows The Lone Gunmen and The X-Files, two science fiction shows about government conspiracies to hide or deny the truth from the people. Portrayed by American actor Stephen Snedden, Jimmy was a main character in the first and only season of The Lone Gunmen and made one appearance in The X-Files.
He was an associate of The Lone Gunmen, he worked with the group and helped to finance their newspaper through his family's wealth. In contrast to the cynical, intellectual, world-weary Gunmen, Jimmy is portrayed as a somewhat naive, idealistic all-American man wanting to make a difference. Though his lack of book smarts and occasional clumsiness exasperates the Gunmen at first, he eventually proves himself useful by offering an outsider's perspective on certain cases, and remains dedicated to the Gunmen even after their death. He is also known for his mostly-unrequited love for the Gunmens' chief competitor and sometimes-collaborator, Yves Adele Harlow. His fate after the Gunmens' funeral in The X-Files episode, "Jump the Shark" is unknown.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Character arc
2 Conceptual history
3 References
4 External links
Character arc[edit]
The Lone Gunmen first encountered Jimmy while pursuing a lead in the death of a well known hacker. They find him on a football field coaching a practice game of American football with a twist: the entire team is blind. The Lone Gunmen believe that Jimmy's charity organisation is a front for arms dealers and they had first thought Jimmy was the mastermind, thinking that "James Bond" was an obvious pseudonym. However, after speaking to him they realise their mistake, Jimmy is a charming, idealistic young man with no clue as to where his patronage really comes from. After they solved the case of the death of the hacker, Jimmy decided he would like to help The Lone Gunmen and paid for the copies of the latest issue of The Lone Gunman that they could not afford to retrieve from the printers.[1]
Jimmy truly believed in the work The Lone Gunmen were doing in searching for and printing the truth. He loved the three conspiracy theorists, though he annoyed them when he was a bit slow to pick up on things. When The Lone Gunmen were searching for a water powered car in a disused military bunker they appeared to become trapped beneath a pile of reinforced concrete when these bunkers were blown up. Jimmy wouldn't listen to reason from Yves and kept trying to sledge hammer his way down through a demolished missile silo to reach The Lone Gunmen. They turned up shortly afterward, having found a way out through ventilation shafts that came out above ground under a portable toilet. Despite the fact they were covered in toilet contents Jimmy was overwhelmed to see them alive and hugged all three of them at once. This incident was a perfect example of his love for his friends.[2]
He was the one who figured out why the intelligent chimp that they had helped escape from a test lab had really gotten out. He helped Simon the chimp (slave name Peanuts) switch places with a chimp in a zoo, so he could be re-united with his girlfriend. It was Jimmy who realised the real reason why Simon wanted to escape whereas The Lone Gunmen were following the idea that the chimps were being trained as assassins.[3] Jimmy often became the heart of the group as he was more inclined to see the good in people, particularly Yves Adele Harlow and senator Jefferson.[4] Contrary to Frohike and Langley, he also showed no disgust or prejudice towards Byers' transsexual college roommate.[5]
As Jimmy worked with The Lone Gunmen he also encountered Harlow and became enamored of her. She looked on his affection mainly with scorn but now and again she was obviously touched by the fact that he cared. Jimmy was the one who always gave her the benefit of the doubt anytime The Lone Gunmen questioned what she was doing. He believed that even though she was a thief and usually only out for profit that she was a good person. After Yves disappeared following her capture by Morris Fletcher, Jimmy spent a year tracking her all over the world. He only came back to The Lone Gunmen when he ran out of money and could no longer follow her. They were later re-united when he and The Lone Gunmen finally caught up with Yves and was persuaded to stay by John Doggett and Monica Reyes.[6]
Conceptual history[edit]
After looking at the "Pilot" episode, the series' writers realized that they needed one more character because The Lone Gunmen, even though the writers had staked out different positions for all three of them, were essentially very alike and had similar knowledge so they needed someone to explain their knowledge to, because having this interaction on-screen would simultaneously help relate to the audience what The Lone Gunmen knew and what was happening in each episode. Hence, the writers created Jimmy Bond, a character who would not only serve this function but also be different from The Lone Gunmen in that he was classically good-looking, an attribute that would also allow him to serve as a potential love interest for Yves Adele Harlow. The potential of this relationship was also unlikely for the three Lone Gunmen, additionally helping to differ the new character from the series' already created protagonists.[7][8]
Actor Stephen Snedden was subsequently cast in the role. He was at first unsure of what reactions his work on the character would invoke, because the role was slightly absurd, but he nevertheless went ahead with filming "Bond, Jimmy Bond", accepting the situation and hoping that everyone would like his performance. Even though he knew he would return in other episodes, many members of the production crew were under the erroneous impression that he was only a guest star in this single episode. Consequently, even after this episode was filmed, the actor was approached by several of the crew who voiced their appreciation of his character but were acting like it would be unlikely that they would see him again, since they believed it would be.[8]
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Bryan Spicer. "Bond, Jimmy Bond". The Lone Gunmen. Season 1. Episode 2. FOX.
2.Jump up ^ David Jackson. "Like Water for Octane". The Lone Gunmen. Season 1. Episode 3. FOX.
3.Jump up ^ John Kretcher. "Planet of the Frohikes". The Lone Gunmen. Season 1. Episode 7. FOX.
4.Jump up ^ Bryan Spicer. "Three Men and a Smoking Diaper". The Lone Gunmen. Season 1. Episode 5. FOX.
5.Jump up ^ Richard Compton. "The Lying Game". The Lone Gunmen. Season 1. Episode 11. FOX.
6.Jump up ^ Cliff Bole. "Jump the Shark". The X-Files. Season 9. Episode 15. FOX.
7.Jump up ^ Hagelund, Dean, Braidwood, Tom, Harwood, Bruce, Spicer, Bryan, Snedden, Stephen, Carter, Chris, Spotnitz, Frank and Gilligan, Vince (2005). Making of The Lone Gunmen (DVD). FOX Home Entertainment.
8.^ Jump up to: a b Hagelund, Dean, Braidwood, Tom, Harwood, Bruce, Spicer, Bryan, Snedden, Stephen, and Robinson, Zuleikha (2005). Audio Commentary for "Bond, Jimmy Bond" (DVD). FOX Home Entertainment.
External links[edit]

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 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Jimmy Bond

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Religion in The X-Files

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The X-Files logo.
The X-Files is an American science fiction television series and a part of The X-Files franchise, created by screenwriter Chris Carter. The program originally aired from September 10, 1993 to May 19, 2002. The show was a hit for the Fox network, and its characters and slogans, such as "The Truth Is Out There," "Trust No One," and "I Want to Believe," became popular culture touchstones in the 1990s. The series followed the quest of FBI Special Agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny), a believer in supernatural phenomena, and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), his skeptical partner. Several episodes, characters, and story arcs deal directly with the notion of religion.
A main facet of the series is that, despite Mulder being the believer and Scully being the skeptic, Scully was a devout Roman Catholic. Throughout the series, her Catholic faith served as a cornerstone, although at times a contradiction to her otherwise rigid skepticism of the paranormal. Due to her career in science and medicine, she drifted from her Catholic upbringing but remained somewhat entrenched in her religious beliefs. Several of the stand-alone episodes deal with Scully's faith, her questions about God, and her mission in life. Mulder, on the other hand, often cast organized religion in a more negative light, believing that many religious acts were caused by insanity.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Religious themes
2 Background
3 Reception
4 References
Religious themes[edit]
The first overt occurrence of religion occurred in the fourth episode of the first season, "Conduit". At the end of the episode, Mulder sits in a church, crying as he looks at a picture of his sister. Howard Gordon, who wrote the episode, stated that the imagery did not mean to imply Christianity, but rather a symbol of "a sanctuary, a place for him to reestablish his helplessness and the missing of his sister".[1]
However, in "Beyond the Sea", the notion of religion and the afterlife was explored further, this time with Dana Scully. In the episodes prior to "Beyond the Sea", the protagonists of The X-Files are firmly established in the roles of believer (Mulder) and rational scientist/skeptic (Scully). "Beyond the Sea" is the first episode in which these roles are reversed.[2] Scully, vulnerable after the death of her father, is persuaded by Boggs' apparent psychic ability.[3] Meanwhile, Mulder refuses to believe the serial killer, discounts any evidence in Boggs' favor and will only consider rational explanations. According to Jan Delsara, Scully is inclined to believe Boggs because she identifies with him: they both understand the pressure of high family expectations. Scully strongly desired to make her father proud, despite not fulfilling his expectation that she become a doctor, and Boggs, in killing his family, had hoped to kill their expectations and judgment of him.[4] In contrast, Mulder's relationship with his parents, based on resentment of them for their failure to protect his sister (themes developed later in the series), makes him unwilling to identify with Boggs.[4] While Scully follows her instinct and solves the case, Mulder gets shot and ends up in the hospital because of his doubts and skepticism.[5] According to Joe Bellon, as the episode progresses, even Scully's personality becomes like Mulder's and "for all narrative purposes, she becomes Mulder for almost an entire episode."[6] According to Dean A. Kowalski, this role reversal of the partners represents a "blending" of Mulder and Scully's characters that is present throughout the series.[7] Scully's co-option of Mulders' usual role also demonstrates the complexity of her character. Although she is strongly influenced by her scientific background, she has religious faith too.[8] Paul C. Peterson notes that although this episode is not directly about religion, it shows the first of several visions Scully experiences throughout the series; later visions appear in episodes more directly related to religion and Scully's faith ("One Breath", "Elegy" and "All Souls").[7][8] In this episode, her faith in her father ultimately proves stronger than her belief in the paranormal as she refuses to be tempted by Boggs. Rather than take him up on his offer to help her contact her father, Scully visits her partner in the hospital.[9]
As the series progressed, religion was explored further. The first season episode "Miracle Man", for instance, featured a young boy who could raise the dead. Originally the script had called for more overt religious imagery, though censors at Fox objected to depictions of faith healer Samuel being beaten to death whilst in a cruciform pose, leading to scenes being cut.[10]
Background[edit]
Several episodes of the series have directly borrowed themes from novels focussing on religion—the third season episode "Talitha Cumi" was influenced by "The Grand Inquisitor", a chapter in Fyodor Dostoyevsky's novel The Brothers Karamazov;[11] while the seventh season episode "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati" drew inspiration from Nikos Kazantzakis' novel The Last Temptation of Christ.[12] Both episodes were written by David Duchovny, and used Christ-like imagery in the series' overarching mythology, or fictional history. In "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati", Fox Mulder is likened to Kazantzakis' depiction of Christ, experiencing a vision of an idyllic life while suffering on a cruciform operating table.[13] "Talitha Cumi" sees The Smoking Man and an alien healer replicate a conversation between Christ and the titular Grand Inquisitor of Dostoyevsky's work, debating humanity's need for true faith in God versus faith in what an authority figure has decided is best for mankind.[14]
Reception[edit]
The use of religious imagery in the series has been met with mixed reactions from critics. The first season episode "Miracle Man" has been derided for its depiction of " a stereotypical Bible-thumping Southern milieu";[1] with its Christ-like central character treated in a "kind of goofy" manner.[15]
Critical reception to the third season episode "Revelations", which revealed Scully's religious devotion was more positively received. Zack Handlen from The A.V. Club wrote positively of Scully's portrayal in the episode, noting "Really, this works best as a Scully episode. I prefer Darin Morgan's version of the character [...], but I doubt that version could support a full episode about God in the same way that this more searching, and lost, Scully does."[16] However, Handlen was critical of some of the religious aspects of the episode, writing that the Christian God exists "does make it difficult for me to back it as fully as I'd like to" because it would "trump just about everything else that Mulder and Scully have spent their time on".[16] John Keegan from Critical Myth noted that "Overall, this episode highlights Scully and her faith, and in the process, manages to presage many of the future plot developments for the series and her character. The spiritual war at the foundation of the series mythology is reflected in a situation that speaks directly to Scully and her upbringing, and though some of the religious metaphors are heavy-handed, it works well enough."[17] Entertainment Weekly gave the episode a B+ and wrote positively of the episode's "inventiveness", which "derives from its choice of the most mainstream paranormality of all—Christianity."[18]
References[edit]
Footnotes
1.^ Jump up to: a b "X Cyclopedia: The Ultimate Episode Guide, Season 1 | EW.com". Entertainment Weekly. November 29, 1996. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
2.Jump up ^ Jagodzinski, Jan; Hipfl, Brigitte (May 2001), "Youth Fantasies: Reading "The X-Files" Psychoanalytically", Studies in Media & Information Literacy Education (University of Toronto Press) 1 (2): 1–14, doi:10.3138/sim.1.2.002
3.Jump up ^ Kowalski (2007), p. 132
4.^ Jump up to: a b Delsara (2000), pp. 118–119
5.Jump up ^ Malach, Michele in Lavery et al. (1996), p. 72
6.Jump up ^ Bellon, Joe (1999), "The Strange Discourse of The X-Files: What it is, What it Does, and What is at Stake", Critical Studies in Media Communication 16 (2): 151, doi:10.1080/15295039909367083
7.^ Jump up to: a b Kowalski (2007), p. 130
8.^ Jump up to: a b Peterson, Paul C. (13 November 2009), "Religion in The X-Files", Journal of Media and Religion 1 (3): 184, doi:10.1207/S15328415JMR0103_4
9.Jump up ^ Lavery et al, pp. 181–182
10.Jump up ^ Cantor, p.228
11.Jump up ^ Lowry (1996), p. 18
12.Jump up ^ Shapiro, pp. 28–29
13.Jump up ^ Shaprio, 19–29
14.Jump up ^ Lowry (1996), pp. 219–222
15.Jump up ^ Handlen, Zack (July 24, 2008). ""Young at Heart" / "E.B.E." / "Miracle Man" | The X-Files/Millennium | TV Club | TV | The A.V. Club". The A.V. Club. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
16.^ Jump up to: a b Handlen, Zack (July 25, 2010). ""731"/"Revelations"/"War of the Coprophages"". The A.V. Club. Retrieved December 25, 2011.
17.Jump up ^ Keegan, John. "Revelations". Critical Myth. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
18.Jump up ^ "X Cyclopedia: The Ultimate Episode Guide, Season 3". Entertainment Weekly. 29 November 1996. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
Sources
Badley, Linda (2000), "Scully Hits the Glass Ceiling: Postmodernism, Postfeminism, Posthumanism and The X-Files", in Helford, Elyce Rae, Fantasy Girls: Gender in the New Universe of Science Fiction and Fantasy Television, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 9780847698349
Cantor, Paul A (2003). Gilligan Unbound: Pop Culture in the Age of Globalization. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0742507793.
Cornell, Paul; Day, Martin; Topping, Keith (1997), X-Treme Possibilities: A Paranoid Rummage Through the X-Files, Virgin Books, ISBN 0753500191
Delsara, Jan (2000), PopLit, PopCult and The X-Files: A Critical Exploration, McFarland, ISBN 0786407891
Edwards, Ted (1997), X-Files Confidential: The Unauthorized X-Philes Compendium, Little, Brown and Company, ISBN 0316218081
Farrand, Phil (1997), The Nitpicker's Guide for X-Philes, Dell Publishing, ISBN 0440508088
Kellner, Douglas (2003), Media Spectacle, Routledge, ISBN 0415268281
Kowalski, Dean A. (2007), The Philosophy of The X-Files, University Press of Kentucky, ISBN 0813124549
Lavery, David; Hague, Angela; Cartwright, Marla, eds. (1996), Deny All Knowledge: Reading The X-Files, Syracuse University Press, ISBN 0815604076
Lovece, Frank (1996), The X-Files Declassified: The Unauthorized Guide, Citadel, ISBN 080651745X
Lowry, Brian (1995), The Truth Is Out There: The Official Guide To The X-Files, HarperPrism, ISBN 0061053309
Lowry, Brian (1996), Trust No One: The Official Guide To The X-Files, HarperPrism, ISBN 0061053538
Mizejewski, Linda (2004), Hardboiled & High Heeled: The Woman Detective in Popular Culture, Routledge, ISBN 0415969719
Westfahl, Gary (2005), The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 0313329532

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List of The X-Files episodes

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A man with long white hair and a black suit, with a tie, is standing and smiling.

Chris Carter created The X-Files, which premiered on September 10, 1993.
The X-Files is an American science fiction television series that originally aired on the Fox network from September 10, 1993 to May 19, 2002.[1] The series aired for nine seasons and 202 episodes, centering on FBI special agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson), who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. Mulder is a believer in the paranormal, and the skeptical Scully is assigned to make scientific analyses of Mulder's discoveries which could ultimately be used to discredit his work. Throughout the series the two develop a close friendship. Beginning with the eighth season, Duchovny's role was reduced from lead actor to an intermittent lead role.[2]
The show's premise originated with Chris Carter,[3] who served as an executive producer along with R. W. Goodwin, Frank Spotnitz, Howard Gordon, Vince Gilligan, John Shiban, Kim Manners, Glen Morgan, James Wong, and many others. Filming for seasons one to five took place primarily in Vancouver, British Columbia,[4][5] and for the remaining seasons in Los Angeles, California.[6] Episodes were broadcast on Fridays at 9:00 pm Eastern Standard Time (EST) for the series's first three seasons;[7] the remaining six seasons aired on Sundays at 9:00 pm EST.[7] Episodes are approximately 45 minutes in length (without including commercials) and were broadcast in standard definition.[8] Two feature films based on the television series have been released as part of The X-Files franchise: the first premiered in summer 1998, between seasons five and six of the series,[9] and a post-series film, The X-Files: I Want to Believe, was released in 2008.[10]
Many mythology collections of X-Files episodes have been released on DVD. Since 2000, 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment has distributed all seasons on DVD,[11] and episodes are also available for download at the iTunes Store[12] and Amazon Instant Video,[8] and are available for streaming on Hulu[13] and Netflix.[14] The show's episodes have won a number of awards, including three Golden Globe Awards for Best Drama Series[15] and a Satellite Award for Best Drama Series.[16] Various cast members' performances have been praised by critics, particularly those of Duchovny and Anderson.[5][17] The X-Files received Nielsen ratings since its first season.[18] Nielsen ratings are audience measurement systems that determine the audience size and composition of television programming in the United States.

Contents
  [hide] 1 Series overview
2 Episodes 2.1 Season 1 (1993–94)
2.2 Season 2 (1994–95)
2.3 Season 3 (1995–96)
2.4 Season 4 (1996–97)
2.5 Season 5 (1997–98)
2.6 The X-Files (1998)
2.7 Season 6 (1998–99)
2.8 Season 7 (1999–2000)
2.9 Season 8 (2000–01)
2.10 Season 9 (2001–02)
2.11 The X-Files: I Want to Believe (2008)
3 Notes
4 References 4.1 Footnotes
4.2 Bibliography
5 External links
Series overview[edit]
Seasons of The X-Files

Season
Episodes
Originally aired
Nielsen ratings
DVD release dates

Season premiere
Season finale
Viewers (millions)
Rank
Region 1
Region 2
Region 4

1
24 September 10, 1993[1] May 13, 1994[1] N/A 111th[18] May 9, 2000[19] November 6, 2000[20] November 22, 2000[21]

2
25 September 16, 1994[1] May 19, 1995[1] 14.50[22] 63rd[22] November 28, 2000[23] April 30, 2001[24] April 20, 2001[25]

3
24 September 22, 1995[1] May 17, 1996[1] 15.40[26] 55th[27] May 8, 2001[28] November 26, 2001[29] N/A

4
24 October 4, 1996[1] May 18, 1997[1] 19.20[30] 20th[31] November 13, 2001[32] April 22, 2002[33] N/A

5
20 November 2, 1997[1] May 17, 1998[1] 19.80[30] 11th[34] May 14, 2002[35] December 27, 2004[36] N/A

The X-Files
June 19, 1998[9] N/A N/A January 23, 2001[37] January 24, 2000[38] March 22, 2000[39]

6
22 November 8, 1998[1] May 16, 1999[1] 17.20[30] 12th[40] November 5, 2002[41] March 17, 2003[42] May 13, 2003[43]

7
22 November 7, 1999[1] May 21, 2000[1] 14.20[44] 29th[45] May 13, 2003[46] September 22, 2003[47] October 20, 2003[48]

8
21 November 5, 2000[1] May 20, 2001[1] 13.93[44] 31st[49] November 4, 2003[50] March 14, 2004[51] April 14, 2004[52]

9
20 November 11, 2001[1] May 19, 2002[1] 9.10[53] 63rd[54] May 11, 2004[55] June 7, 2004[56] July 27, 2004[57]

Mythology Vol. 1
N/A N/A N/A N/A June 7, 2005[58] N/A N/A

Mythology Vol. 2
N/A N/A N/A N/A August 2, 2005[59] N/A N/A

Mythology Vol. 3
N/A N/A N/A N/A November 27, 2005[60] N/A N/A

Mythology Vol. 4
N/A N/A N/A N/A November 22, 2005[61] N/A N/A

I Want to Believe
July 25, 2008[10] N/A N/A December 2, 2008[62] November 24, 2008[63] November 26, 2008[64]
Episodes[edit]
Episodes marked with a double dagger (double-dagger) are episodes in the series' alien mythology arc.[65][66][67][68][nb 1]
Season 1 (1993–94)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 1)
The X-Files season 1 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[70]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

1
1 "Pilot"double-dagger Robert Mandel Chris Carter September 10, 1993 1X79 12.0[71]
2
2 "Deep Throat"double-dagger Daniel Sackheim Chris Carter September 17, 1993 1X01 11.1[72]
3
3 "Squeeze" Harry Longstreet Glen Morgan & James Wong September 24, 1993 1X02 11.1[73]
4
4 "Conduit" Daniel Sackheim Alex Gansa & Howard Gordon October 1, 1993 1X03 9.2[74]
5
5 "The Jersey Devil" Joe Napolitano Chris Carter October 8, 1993 1X04 10.4[75]
6
6 "Shadows" Michael Katleman Glen Morgan & James Wong October 22, 1993 1X05 8.8[76]
7
7 "Ghost in the Machine" Jerrold Freedman Alex Gansa & Howard Gordon October 29, 1993 1X06 9.5[77]
8
8 "Ice" David Nutter Glen Morgan & James Wong November 5, 1993 1X07 10.0[78]
9
9 "Space" William Graham Chris Carter November 12, 1993 1X08 10.7[79]
10
10 "Fallen Angel"double-dagger Larry Shaw Howard Gordon & Alex Gansa November 19, 1993 1X09 8.8[80]
11
11 "Eve" Fred Gerber Kenneth Biller & Chris Brancato December 10, 1993 1X10 10.4[81]
12
12 "Fire" Larry Shaw Chris Carter December 17, 1993 1X11 11.1[82]
13
13 "Beyond the Sea" David Nutter Glen Morgan & James Wong January 7, 1994 1X12 10.8[83]
14
14 "Gender Bender" Rob Bowman Larry Barber & Paul Barber January 21, 1994 1X13 11.1[84]
15
15 "Lazarus" David Nutter Alex Gansa & Howard Gordon February 4, 1994 1X14 12.1[85]
16
16 "Young at Heart" Michael Lange Scott Kaufer and Chris Carter February 11, 1994 1X15 11.5[86]
17
17 "E.B.E."double-dagger William Graham Glen Morgan & James Wong February 18, 1994 1X16
N/A
 
18
18 "Miracle Man" Michael Lange Chris Carter & Howard Gordon March 18, 1994 1X17 11.6[87]
19
19 "Shapes" David Nutter Marilyn Osborn April 1, 1994 1X18 11.5[88]
20
20 "Darkness Falls" Joe Napolitano Chris Carter April 15, 1994 1X19 12.5[89]
21
21 "Tooms" David Nutter Glen Morgan & James Wong April 22, 1994 1X20 13.4[90]
22
22 "Born Again" Jerrold Freedman Howard Gordon & Alex Gansa April 29, 1994 1X21 13.7[91]
23
23 "Roland" David Nutter Chris Ruppenthal May 6, 1994 1X22 12.5[92]
24
24 "The Erlenmeyer Flask"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Chris Carter May 13, 1994 1X23 14.0[93]
Season 2 (1994–95)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 2)
The X-Files season 2 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[94]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

25
1 "Little Green Men"double-dagger David Nutter Glen Morgan & James Wong September 16, 1994 2X01 16.1[95]
26
2 "The Host" Daniel Sackheim Chris Carter September 23, 1994 2X02 15.9[96]
27
3 "Blood" David Nutter Story by: Darin Morgan
Teleplay by: Glen Morgan & James Wong September 30, 1994 2X03 14.8[97]
28
4 "Sleepless" Rob Bowman Howard Gordon October 7, 1994 2X04 13.4[98]
29
5 "Duane Barry"double-dagger Chris Carter Chris Carter October 14, 1994 2X05 13.9[99]
30
6 "Ascension"double-dagger Michael Lange Paul Brown October 21, 1994 2X06 15.5[100]
31
7 "3" David Nutter Chris Ruppenthal and Glen Morgan & James Wong November 4, 1994 2X07 15.0[101]
32
8 "One Breath"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Glen Morgan & James Wong November 11, 1994 2X08 15.3[102]
33
9 "Firewalker" David Nutter Howard Gordon November 18, 1994 2X09 15.2[103]
34
10 "Red Museum"double-dagger Win Phelps Chris Carter December 9, 1994 2X10 16.1[104]
35
11 "Excelsis Dei" Stephen Surjik Paul Brown December 16, 1994 2X11 14.2[105]
36
12 "Aubrey" Rob Bowman Sara B. Charno January 6, 1995 2X12 16.2[106]
37
13 "Irresistible" David Nutter Chris Carter January 13, 1995 2X13 14.7[107]
38
14 "Die Hand Die Verletzt" Kim Manners Glen Morgan & James Wong January 27, 1995 2X14 17.7[108]
39
15 "Fresh Bones" Rob Bowman Howard Gordon February 3, 1995 2X15 17.8[109]
40
16 "Colony"double-dagger Nick Marck Story by: David Duchovny & Chris Carter
Teleplay by: Chris Carter February 10, 1995 2X16 15.9[110]
41
17 "End Game"double-dagger Rob Bowman Frank Spotnitz February 17, 1995 2X17 17.5[111]
42
18 "Fearful Symmetry" James Whitmore, Jr. Steve De Jarnatt February 24, 1995 2X18 16.5[112]
43
19 "Død Kalm" Rob Bowman Story by: Howard Gordon
Teleplay by: Howard Gordon & Alex Gansa March 10, 1995 2X19 17.1[113]
44
20 "Humbug" Kim Manners Darin Morgan March 31, 1995 2X20 15.7[114]
45
21 "The Calusari" Michael Vejar Sara B. Charno April 14, 1995 2X21 12.9[115]
46
22 "F. Emasculata" Rob Bowman Chris Carter & Howard Gordon April 28, 1995 2X22 14.0[116]
47
23 "Soft Light" James Contner Vince Gilligan May 5, 1995 2X23 12.9[117]
48
24 "Our Town" Rob Bowman Frank Spotnitz May 12, 1995 2X24 14.5[118]
49
25 "Anasazi"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Story by: David Duchovny & Chris Carter
Teleplay by: Chris Carter May 19, 1995 2X25 16.6[119]
Season 3 (1995–96)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 3)
The X-Files season 3 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[120]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

50
1 "The Blessing Way"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Chris Carter September 22, 1995 3X01 19.94[121]
51
2 "Paper Clip"double-dagger Rob Bowman Chris Carter September 29, 1995 3X02 17.20[121]
52
3 "D.P.O." Kim Manners Howard Gordon October 6, 1995 3X03 15.57[121]
53
4 "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose" David Nutter Darin Morgan October 13, 1995 3X04 15.38[121]
54
5 "The List" Chris Carter Chris Carter October 20, 1995 3X05 16.72[121]
55
6 "2Shy" David Nutter Jeffrey Vlaming November 3, 1995 3X06 14.83[121]
56
7 "The Walk" Rob Bowman John Shiban November 10, 1995 3X07 15.91[121]
57
8 "Oubliette" Kim Manners Charles Grant Craig November 17, 1995 3X08 15.90[121]
58
9 "Nisei"double-dagger David Nutter Chris Carter & Howard Gordon & Frank Spotnitz November 24, 1995 3X09 16.36[121]
59
10 "731"double-dagger Rob Bowman Frank Spotnitz December 1, 1995 3X10 17.68[121]
60
11 "Revelations" David Nutter Kim Newton December 15, 1995 3X11 15.25[121]
61
12 "War of the Coprophages" Kim Manners Darin Morgan January 5, 1996 3X12 16.32[121]
62
13 "Syzygy" Rob Bowman Chris Carter January 26, 1996 3X13 16.04[121]
63
14 "Grotesque" Kim Manners Howard Gordon February 2, 1996 3X14 18.32[121]
64
15 "Piper Maru"double-dagger Rob Bowman Frank Spotnitz & Chris Carter February 9, 1996 3X15 16.44[121]
65
16 "Apocrypha"double-dagger Kim Manners Frank Spotnitz & Chris Carter February 16, 1996 3X16 16.71[121]
66
17 "Pusher" Rob Bowman Vince Gilligan February 23, 1996 3X17 16.20[121]
67
18 "Teso Dos Bichos" Kim Manners John Shiban March 8, 1996 3X18 17.38[121]
68
19 "Hell Money" Tucker Gates Jeffrey Vlaming March 29, 1996 3X19 14.86[121]
69
20 "Jose Chung's From Outer Space" Rob Bowman Darin Morgan April 12, 1996 3X20 16.08[121]
70
21 "Avatar" James Charleston Story by: David Duchovny & Howard Gordon
Teleplay by: Howard Gordon April 26, 1996 3X21 14.62[121]
71
22 "Quagmire" Kim Manners Kim Newton May 3, 1996 3X22 16.00[121]
72
23 "Wetwired" Rob Bowman Mat Beck May 10, 1996 3X23 14.48[121]
73
24 "Talitha Cumi"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Story by: David Duchovny & Chris Carter
Teleplay by: Chris Carter May 17, 1996 3X24 17.86[121]
Season 4 (1996–97)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 4)
The X-Files season 4 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[122]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

74
1 "Herrenvolk"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Chris Carter October 4, 1996 4X01 21.11[123]
75
2 "Home" Kim Manners Glen Morgan & James Wong October 11, 1996 4X03 18.85[123]
76
3 "Teliko" James Charleston Howard Gordon October 18, 1996 4X04 18.01[123]
77
4 "Unruhe" Rob Bowman Vince Gilligan October 27, 1996 4X02 19.10[123]
78
5 "The Field Where I Died" Rob Bowman Glen Morgan & James Wong November 3, 1996 4X05 19.85[123]
79
6 "Sanguinarium" Kim Manners Valerie Mayhew & Vivian Mayhew November 10, 1996 4X06 18.85[123]
80
7 "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man" James Wong Glen Morgan November 17, 1996 4X07 17.09[123]
81
8 "Tunguska"double-dagger Kim Manners Frank Spotnitz & Chris Carter November 24, 1996 4X09 18.85[123]
82
9 "Terma"double-dagger Rob Bowman Frank Spotnitz & Chris Carter December 1, 1996 4X10 17.34[123]
83
10 "Paper Hearts" Rob Bowman Vince Gilligan December 15, 1996 4X08 16.59[123]
84
11 "El Mundo Gira" Tucker Gates John Shiban January 12, 1997 4X11 22.37[123]
85
12 "Leonard Betts" Kim Manners Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz January 26, 1997 4X14 29.15[123]
86
13 "Never Again" Rob Bowman Glen Morgan & James Wong February 2, 1997 4X13 21.36[123]
87
14 "Memento Mori"double-dagger Rob Bowman Chris Carter & Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz February 9, 1997 4X15 19.10[123]
88
15 "Kaddish" Kim Manners Howard Gordon February 16, 1997 4X12 16.56[123]
89
16 "Unrequited" Michael Lange Story by: Howard Gordon
Teleplay by: Howard Gordon & Chris Carter February 23, 1997 4X16 16.56[123]
90
17 "Tempus Fugit"double-dagger Rob Bowman Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz March 16, 1997 4X17 18.85[123]
91
18 "Max"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz March 23, 1997 4X18 18.34[123]
92
19 "Synchrony" James Charleston Howard Gordon & David Greenwalt April 13, 1997 4X19 18.09[123]
93
20 "Small Potatoes" Cliff Bole Vince Gilligan April 20, 1997 4X20 20.86[123]
94
21 "Zero Sum"double-dagger Kim Manners Howard Gordon & Frank Spotnitz April 27, 1997 4X21 18.60[123]
95
22 "Elegy" James Charleston John Shiban May 4, 1997 4X22 17.10[123]
96
23 "Demons" Kim Manners R. W. Goodwin May 11, 1997 4X23 19.10[123]
97
24 "Gethsemane"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Chris Carter May 18, 1997 4X24 19.85[123]
Season 5 (1997–98)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 5)
The X-Files season 5 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[124]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

98
1 "Redux"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Chris Carter November 2, 1997 5X02 27.34[125]
99
2 "Redux II"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter November 9, 1997 5X03 24.84[125]
100
3 "Unusual Suspects" Kim Manners Vince Gilligan November 16, 1997 5X01 21.72[125]
101
4 "Detour" Brett Dowler Frank Spotnitz November 23, 1997 5X04 22.88[125]
102
5 "The Post-Modern Prometheus" Chris Carter Chris Carter November 30, 1997 5X06 18.68[125]
103
6 "Christmas Carol" Peter Markle Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz December 7, 1997 5X05 20.91[125]
104
7 "Emily" Kim Manners Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz December 14, 1997 5X07 20.94[125]
105
8 "Kitsunegari" Daniel Sackheim Vince Gilligan & Tim Minear January 4, 1998 5X08 19.75[125]
106
9 "Schizogeny" Ralph Hemecker Jessica Scott & Mike Wollaeger January 11, 1998 5X09 21.37[125]
107
10 "Chinga" Kim Manners Stephen King & Chris Carter February 8, 1998 5X10 21.33[125]
108
11 "Kill Switch" Rob Bowman William Gibson & Tom Maddox February 15, 1998 5X11 18.04[125]
109
12 "Bad Blood" Cliff Bole Vince Gilligan February 22, 1998 5X12 19.25[125]
110
13 "Patient X"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz March 1, 1998 5X13 20.21[125]
111
14 "The Red and the Black"double-dagger Chris Carter Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz March 8, 1998 5X14 19.98[125]
112
15 "Travelers" William A. Graham John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz March 29, 1998 5X15 15.06[125]
113
16 "Mind’s Eye" Kim Manners Tim Minear April 19, 1998 5X16 16.53[125]
114
17 "All Souls" Allen Coulter Story by: Billy Brown & Dan Angel
Teleplay by: Frank Spotnitz & John Shiban April 26, 1998 5X17 13.44[125]
115
18 "The Pine Bluff Variant" Rob Bowman John Shiban May 3, 1998 5X18 18.24[125]
116
19 "Folie à Deux" Kim Manners Vince Gilligan May 10, 1998 5X19 17.63[125]
117
20 "The End"double-dagger R. W. Goodwin Chris Carter May 17, 1998 5X20 18.76[125]
The X-Files (1998)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (film)
The X-Files

Title
Directed by
Screenplay by
Story by
Original U.S. release date
Original U.S. DVD release
The X-Filesdouble-dagger Rob Bowman Chris Carter Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz June 19, 1998 January 23, 2001
The film takes place between seasons 5 and 6. The X-Files have been shut down, and Mulder and Scully are dealing with a terrorist threat. However, when a government building is destroyed, Mulder is approached by a mysterious doctor who reveals that there was more to the bomb than meets the eye. Mulder and Scully's investigations lead to the discovery of several secret installations and the true nature of the relationship between the alien colonists and the Syndicate. 
Season 6 (1998–99)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 6)
The X-Files season 6 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[126]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

118
1 "The Beginning"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter November 8, 1998 6ABX01 20.34[127]
119
2 "Drive" Rob Bowman Vince Gilligan November 15, 1998 6ABX02 18.5[127]
120
3 "Triangle" Chris Carter Chris Carter November 22, 1998 6ABX03 18.2[127]
121
4 "Dreamland" Kim Manners Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz November 29, 1998 6ABX04 17.48[127]
122
5 "Dreamland II" Michael Watkins Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz December 6, 1998 6ABX05 17.01[127]
123
6 "How the Ghosts Stole Christmas" Chris Carter Chris Carter December 13, 1998 6ABX08 17.31[127]
124
7 "Terms of Endearment" Rob Bowman David Amann January 3, 1999 6ABX06 18.69[127]
125
8 "The Rain King" Kim Manners Jeffrey Bell January 10, 1999 6ABX07 21.24[127]
126
9 "S.R. 819"double-dagger Daniel Sackheim John Shiban January 17, 1999 6ABX10 15.65[127]
127
10 "Tithonus" Michael Watkins Vince Gilligan January 24, 1999 6ABX09 15.83[127]
128
11 "Two Fathers"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz February 7, 1999 6ABX11 18.81[127]
129
12 "One Son"double-dagger Rob Bowman Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz February 14, 1999 6ABX12 16.57[127]
130
13 "Agua Mala" Rob Bowman David Amann February 21, 1999 6ABX14 16.91[127]
131
14 "Monday" Kim Manners Vince Gilligan & John Shiban February 28, 1999 6ABX15 16.74[127]
132
15 "Arcadia" Michael Watkins Daniel Arkin March 7, 1999 6ABX13 17.91[127]
133
16 "Alpha" Peter Markle Jeffrey Bell March 28, 1999 6ABX16 17.67[127]
134
17 "Trevor" Rob Bowman Jim Guttridge & Ken Hawryliw April 11, 1999 6ABX17 17.65[127]
135
18 "Milagro" Kim Manners Story by: John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz
Teleplay by: Chris Carter April 18, 1999 6ABX18 15.2[127]
136
19 "The Unnatural" David Duchovny David Duchovny April 25, 1999 6ABX20 16.88[127]
137
20 "Three of a Kind" Bryan Spicer Vince Gilligan & John Shiban May 2, 1999 6ABX19 12.94[127]
138
21 "Field Trip" Kim Manners Story by: Frank Spotnitz
Teleplay by: John Shiban & Vince Gilligan May 9, 1999 6ABX21 15.38[127]
139
22 "Biogenesis"double-dagger Rob Bowman Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz May 16, 1999 6ABX22 15.86[127]
Season 7 (1999–2000)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 7)
The X-Files season 7 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[128]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

140
1 "The Sixth Extinction"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter November 7, 1999 7ABX03 17.82[129]
141
2 "The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati"double-dagger Michael Watkins David Duchovny & Chris Carter November 14, 1999 7ABX04 16.15[129]
142
3 "Hungry" Kim Manners Vince Gilligan November 21, 1999 7ABX01 16.17[129]
143
4 "Millennium" Thomas J. Wright Vince Gilligan & Frank Spotnitz November 28, 1999 7ABX05 15.09[129]
144
5 "Rush" Robert Lieberman David Amann December 5, 1999 7ABX06 12.71[129]
145
6 "The Goldberg Variation" Thomas J. Wright Jeffrey Bell December 12, 1999 7ABX02 14.49[129]
146
7 "Orison" Rob Bowman Chip Johannessen January 9, 2000 7ABX07 15.63[129]
147
8 "The Amazing Maleeni" Thomas J. Wright Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz January 16, 2000 7ABX08 16.18[129]
148
9 "Signs and Wonders" Kim Manners Jeffrey Bell January 23, 2000 7ABX09 13.86[129]
149
10 "Sein und Zeit"double-dagger Michael Watkins Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz February 6, 2000 7ABX10 13.95[129]
150
11 "Closure"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz February 13, 2000 7ABX11 15.35[129]
151
12 "X-Cops" Michael Watkins Vince Gilligan February 20, 2000 7ABX12 16.56[129]
152
13 "First Person Shooter" Chris Carter William Gibson & Tom Maddox February 27, 2000 7ABX13 15.31[129]
153
14 "Theef" Kim Manners Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz March 12, 2000 7ABX14 11.91[129]
154
15 "En Ami"double-dagger Rob Bowman William B. Davis March 19, 2000 7ABX15 11.99[129]
155
16 "Chimera" Cliff Bole David Amann April 2, 2000 7ABX16 12.89[129]
156
17 "all things" Gillian Anderson Gillian Anderson April 9, 2000 7ABX17 12.18[129]
157
18 "Brand X" Kim Manners Steven Maeda & Greg Walker April 16, 2000 7ABX19 10.81[129]
158
19 "Hollywood A.D." David Duchovny David Duchovny April 30, 2000 7ABX18 12.88[129]
159
20 "Fight Club" Paul Shapiro Chris Carter May 7, 2000 7ABX20 11.70[129]
160
21 "Je Souhaite" Vince Gilligan Vince Gilligan May 14, 2000 7ABX21 12.79[129]
161
22 "Requiem"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter May 21, 2000 7ABX22 15.26[129]
Season 8 (2000–01)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 8)
The X-Files season 8 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[130]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

162
1 "Within"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter November 5, 2000 8ABX01 15.87[131]
163
2 "Without"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter November 12, 2000 8ABX02 15.1[132]
164
3 "Patience" Chris Carter Chris Carter November 19, 2000 8ABX04 13.3[132]
165
4 "Roadrunners" Rod Hardy Vince Gilligan November 26, 2000 8ABX05 13.6[132]
166
5 "Invocation" Richard Compton David Amann December 3, 2000 8ABX06 13.9[132]
167
6 "Redrum" Peter Markle Story by: Steven Maeda & Daniel Arkin
Teleplay by: Steven Maeda December 10, 2000 8ABX03 13.2[132]
168
7 "Via Negativa" Tony Wharmby Frank Spotnitz December 17, 2000 8ABX07 12.37[133]
169
8 "Surekill" Terrence O'Hara Greg Walker January 7, 2001 8ABX09 13.3[132]
170
9 "Salvage" Rod Hardy Jeffrey Bell January 14, 2001 8ABX10 11.7[132]
171
10 "Badlaa" Tony Wharmby John Shiban January 21, 2001 8ABX12 11.8[134]
172
11 "The Gift" Kim Manners Frank Spotnitz February 4, 2001 8ABX11 14.6[135]
173
12 "Medusa" Richard Compton Frank Spotnitz February 11, 2001 8ABX13 13.8[132]
174
13 "Per Manum"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz February 18, 2001 8ABX08 16.0[136]
175
14 "This Is Not Happening"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz February 25, 2001 8ABX14 16.9[137]
176
15 "Deadalive"double-dagger Tony Wharmby Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz April 1, 2001 8ABX15 12.4[138]
177
16 "Three Words"double-dagger Tony Wharmby Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz April 8, 2001 8ABX18
N/A
 
178
17 "Empedocles" Barry K. Thomas Greg Walker April 22, 2001 8ABX17 12.46[139]
179
18 "Vienen"double-dagger Rod Hardy Steven Maeda April 29, 2001 8ABX16 11.8[132]
180
19 "Alone" Frank Spotnitz Frank Spotnitz May 6, 2001 8ABX19 12.7[132]
181
20 "Essence"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter May 13, 2001 8ABX20 12.8[132]
182
21 "Existence"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter May 20, 2001 8ABX21 14.00[140]
Season 9 (2001–02)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files (season 9)
The X-Files season 9 episodes

No. in
 series
No. in
 season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Production
 code[141]
U.S. viewers
 (millions)

183
1 "Nothing Important Happened Today"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz November 11, 2001 9ABX01 10.6[142]
184
2 "Nothing Important Happened Today II"double-dagger Tony Wharmby Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz November 18, 2001 9ABX02 9.4[142]
185
3 "Dæmonicus" Frank Spotnitz Frank Spotnitz December 2, 2001 9ABX03 8.7[143]
186
4 "4-D" Tony Wharmby Steven Maeda December 9, 2001 9ABX05 8.9[144]
187
5 "Lord of the Flies" Kim Manners Thomas Schnauz December 16, 2001 9ABX06 9.9[145]
188
6 "Trust No 1"double-dagger Tony Wharmby Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz January 6, 2002 9ABX08 8.4[145]
189
7 "John Doe" Michelle MacLaren Vince Gilligan January 13, 2002 9ABX07 8.7[146]
190
8 "Hellbound" Kim Manners David Amann January 27, 2002 9ABX04 7.8[142]
191
9 "Provenance"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz March 3, 2002 9ABX10 9.7[147]
192
10 "Providence"double-dagger Chris Carter Chris Carter & Frank Spotnitz March 10, 2002 9ABX11 8.4[145]
193
11 "Audrey Pauley" Kim Manners Steven Maeda March 17, 2002 9ABX13 8.0[145]
194
12 "Underneath" John Shiban John Shiban March 31, 2002 9ABX09 7.3[142]
195
13 "Improbable" Chris Carter Chris Carter April 7, 2002 9ABX14 9.1[148]
196
14 "Scary Monsters" Dwight Little Thomas Schnauz April 14, 2002 9ABX12 8.2[145]
197
15 "Jump the Shark" Cliff Bole Vince Gilligan & John Shiban & Frank Spotnitz April 21, 2002 9ABX15 8.6[145]
198
16 "William"double-dagger David Duchovny Story by: David Duchovny & Frank Spotnitz & Chris Carter
Teleplay by: Chris Carter April 28, 2002 9ABX17 9.3[149]
199
17 "Release" Kim Manners Story by: John Shiban & David Amann
Teleplay by: David Amann May 5, 2002 9ABX16 7.8[142]
200
18 "Sunshine Days" Vince Gilligan Vince Gilligan May 12, 2002 9ABX18 10.4[150]
201
19 "The Truth"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter May 19, 2002 9ABX19 13.0[151]
202
20 "The Truth II"double-dagger Kim Manners Chris Carter May 19, 2002 9ABX20 13.0[151]
The X-Files: I Want to Believe (2008)[edit]
Main article: The X-Files: I Want to Believe
The X-Files: I Want to Believe

Title
Directed by
Written by
Original U.S. release date
Original U.S. DVD release
The X-Files: I Want to Believe Chris Carter Frank Spotnitz & Chris Carter July 25, 2008 December 2, 2008
Mulder and Scully have both left the FBI, but when an FBI agent is mysteriously kidnapped, and a former priest who has been convicted of being a child molester claims to be experiencing psychic visions of the endangered agent, they reluctantly accept the FBI's request for their paranormal expertise. 
Notes[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Although "The Gift" was not included on the mythology compilation DVD The X-Files Mythology, Volume 3 – Colonization, it was labelled as a mythology episode in the official guide book The Complete X-Files: Behind the Series the Myths and the Movies, released in 2008.[69]
References[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
1.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "The X-Files Episodes – The X-Files Full Episode Guides on FOX". TV Guide. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
2.Jump up ^ "Duchovny quits X-Files". BBC News (BBC). May 18, 2001. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
3.Jump up ^ Lipsky, David (February 20, 1997). "The Virtue of Paranoia – Interview with Chris Carter". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
4.Jump up ^ Strachan, Alex (February 17, 1998). "The Alienation of David Duchovny". The Vancouver Sun (Postmedia Network). Retrieved August 23, 2012.
5.^ Jump up to: a b Scott, Tony (September 9, 1993). "The X-Files Fri.". Variety. Reed Business Information. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
6.Jump up ^ Parks, Jo-Ann (January 20, 2000). "What's Ailing The X-Files". Space.com. TechMediaNetwork. Archived from the original on September 1, 2005. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
7.^ Jump up to: a b Johnson, Steve (May 22, 1996). "Fox Moves 'X-files' To Sunday Nights". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Company. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
8.^ Jump up to: a b "The X-Files Season 5, Ep. 1 "Redux"". Amazon Instant Video. Amazon.com. November 2, 1997. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
9.^ Jump up to: a b "The X-Files (1998)". Box Office Mojo. Amazon.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
10.^ Jump up to: a b "The X-Files: I Want to Believe (2008)". IGN. News Corporation. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
11.Jump up ^ "The X-Files on DVD, Release Info". TVShowsOnDVD.com. February 26, 2001. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
12.Jump up ^ "The X-Files, Season 9". iTunes Store. Apple. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
13.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Full Episodes and Clips streaming online". Hulu. 20th Century Fox Television. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
14.Jump up ^ "The X-Files". Netflix. Retrieved August 24, 2012. (subscription required)
15.Jump up ^ "The 52nd Annual Golden Globe Awards (1995)". GoldenGlobes.org. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
16.Jump up ^ "1997". PressAcademy.com. Retrieved August 23, 2012.
17.Jump up ^ Tucker, Ken (January 21, 2004). "The X-Files". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
18.^ Jump up to: a b Mendoza, Manuel (June 17, 1994). "A Program That Goes to X-Tremes – Fox's 'X – Files' Blends Subtlety and Strangeness". The Dallas Morning News (A. H. Belo Corporation).
19.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 1 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
20.Jump up ^ "X Files, The – Season 1". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
21.Jump up ^ "X-Files, The – Season 1". EzyDVD. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
22.^ Jump up to: a b "ABC Hits a 'Home' Run". Entertainment Weekly (Time Inc). April 28, 1995. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
23.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 2 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
24.Jump up ^ "X Files, The – Season 2". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
25.Jump up ^ "X-Files, The – Season 2". EzyDVD. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
26.Jump up ^ Lowry (1996), p. 249
27.Jump up ^ "Season Winner NBC Coasts, While CBS Outrates ABC". St. Paul Pioneer Press (MediaNews Group). May 30, 1996.
28.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 3 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
29.Jump up ^ "X Files, The – Season 3". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
30.^ Jump up to: a b c Kessenich (2002), p. 12
31.Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (May 17, 2008). "We Look Back At The Top TV Shows of 1997". TV by the Numbers. Zap2it. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
32.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 4 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
33.Jump up ^ "X Files, The – Season 4". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
34.Jump up ^ "The Final Countdown". Entertainment Weekly (Time Inc). May 29, 1998. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
35.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 5 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
36.Jump up ^ "X Files, The – Season 5". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
37.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Fight the Future". Amazon.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
38.Jump up ^ "X Files Movie, The". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
39.Jump up ^ "The X-Files Movie". JB Hi-Fi. Retrieved August 28, 2012.
40.Jump up ^ "TV Winners & Losers: Numbers Racket – A Final Tally Of The Season's Shows". Entertainment Weekly (Time Inc). June 4, 1999.
41.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 6 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
42.Jump up ^ "X Files, The – Season 6". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
43.Jump up ^ "X-Files, The – Season 6". EzyDVD. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
44.^ Jump up to: a b Kessenich (2002), p. 146
45.Jump up ^ "Top TV Shows For 1999–2000 Season". Variety (Reed Business Information). Retrieved December 2, 2010.
46.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 7 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
47.Jump up ^ "X Files, The – Season 7". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
48.Jump up ^ "X-Files, The – Season 7". EzyDVD. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
49.Jump up ^ "The Bitter End". Entertainment Weekly (Time Inc). June 1, 2001. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
50.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 8 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
51.Jump up ^ "X Files, Season 8". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
52.Jump up ^ "X-Files, The – Season 8". EzyDVD. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
53.Jump up ^ "How did your favorite show rate?". USA Today (Gannett Company). May 28, 2002. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
54.Jump up ^ Kessenich (2002), p. 193
55.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Season 9 Box Set DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
56.Jump up ^ "X-Files, Season 9". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
57.Jump up ^ "X-Files, The – Season 9". EzyDVD. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
58.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Mythology Collection Vol. 1: Abduction DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
59.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Mythology Collection Vol. 1: Black Oil DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
60.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Mythology Collection Vol. 1: Colonization DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
61.Jump up ^ "The X-Files – Mythology Collection Vol. 1: Super Soldiers DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
62.Jump up ^ "The X-Files: I Want to Believe". Amazon.com. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
63.Jump up ^ "X-Files, The – I Want To Believe". Blockbuster.co.uk. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
64.Jump up ^ "The X-Files: I Want to Believe Movies". Gamehead. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
65.Jump up ^ Chris Carter, et al. The X-Files Mythology, Volume 1 (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
66.Jump up ^ David Nutter, et al. The X-Files Mythology, Volume 2 – Black Oil (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
67.Jump up ^ Kim Manners, et al. The X-Files Mythology, Volume 3 – Colonization (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
68.Jump up ^ Kim Manners, et al. The X-Files Mythology, Volume 4 – Super Soldiers (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.
69.Jump up ^ Hurwitz and Knowles (2008), pp. 236–240.
70.Jump up ^ Robert Mandel, et al (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete First Season (Liner notes). Fox.
71.Jump up ^ "Smooth Start for 'seaQuest DSV' – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). September 15, 1993. p. 03D. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
72.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). September 22, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
73.Jump up ^ "'Dave's World,' 'Harts' Help CBS to Victory – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). September 29, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
74.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). October 6, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
75.Jump up ^ "New Shows Pick Up Steam in ABC Win – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). October 18, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
76.Jump up ^ "World Series Earns CBS a Win – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). October 20, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
77.Jump up ^ "ABC Usurps CBS as No. 1 – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). November 3, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
78.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). November 10, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
79.Jump up ^ "Walters Gives ABC a Special Boost – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). November 17, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
80.Jump up ^ "CBS Sweeps Back to Top – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). November 24, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
81.Jump up ^ "Midler's 'Gypsy' Coming Up Roses for CBS – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). December 15, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
82.Jump up ^ "ABC on Top For 2nd Week – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). December 22, 1993. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
83.Jump up ^ "'Improvement' Leads ABC Charge – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). January 12, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
84.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). January 26, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
85.Jump up ^ "Lilith Brings Ratings to 'Fraiser' – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). February 9, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
86.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). February 17, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
87.Jump up ^ "Wednesday Wins for ABC – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). March 24, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
88.Jump up ^ "ABC Gets Help From 'These Friends' – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). April 6, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
89.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). April 20, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
90.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). April 27, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
91.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 4, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
92.Jump up ^ "ABC Keeps Hammering Away – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 11, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
93.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 18, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
94.Jump up ^ David Nutter, et al. (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete Second Season (Liner notes). Fox.
95.Jump up ^ "'Girl' Helps ABC Start Fall Season on Top – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). September 21, 1994. p. 03D. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
96.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). 28 September 199. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
97.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). October 5, 1994 D3. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
98.Jump up ^ "CBS Edges Into No. 1 Spot, But Can It Stay? – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). October 12, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
99.Jump up ^ "Regular Series Put ABC Back on Top – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). October 19, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
100.Jump up ^ "'Grace' Leads ABC to Tie With CBS – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). October 26, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
101.Jump up ^ "'Cagney & Lacey' Makes Winning Return – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). November 9, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
102.Jump up ^ "CBS' 'Scarlett' Sweeps to No. 1 – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). November 16, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
103.Jump up ^ "'Scarlett,' CBS' Sweeping Epic – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). November 23, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
104.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). December 14, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
105.Jump up ^ "ABC's Winning Way With Comedy – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). December 21, 1994. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
106.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). January 11, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
107.Jump up ^ "'ER' Rolls Into the No. 1 Spot – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). January 18, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
108.Jump up ^ "Super Bowl Kicks ABC to the Top – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). February 1, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
109.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). February 8, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
110.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). February 15, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
111.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). February 23, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
112.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). March 1, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
113.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). March 15, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
114.Jump up ^ "Oscar Show, Celeb Chats Keep ABC on Top – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). April 5, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
115.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). April 19, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
116.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 3, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
117.Jump up ^ "Ratings Go to the Movies – Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 10, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
118.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 17, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
119.Jump up ^ "Nielsen Ratings". USA Today (Gannett Company, Inc.). May 24, 1995. p. D3. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
120.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin, et al (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete Third Season (Liner notes). Fox.
121.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Lowry (1996), p. 251
122.Jump up ^ R. W. Goodwin, et al (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete Fourth Season (Liner notes). Fox.
123.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Meisler (1999), p. 298
124.Jump up ^ Kim Manners, et al (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete Fifth Season (Liner notes). Fox.
125.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Meisler (1999), p. 284
126.Jump up ^ Kim Manners, et al (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete Sixth Season (Liner notes). Fox.
127.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Meisler (2000), p. 294
128.Jump up ^ Kim Manners, et al (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete Seventh Season (Liner notes). Fox.
129.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Shapiro (2000), p. 281
130.Jump up ^ Kim Manners, et al (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete Eighth Season (Liner notes). Fox.
131.Jump up ^ "Campaign ad sales outstrip last election's – Election 2000: Media". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution (Cox Enterprises). November 8, 2000. p. E20.
132.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Canton, Maj. "The X-Files – Series – Episode List – Season 8". TV Tango. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
133.Jump up ^ Kissell, Rick (December 20, 2000). "'Sound' is music to NBC's ears". Variety (Penske Business Media). Retrieved November 29, 2012. (subscription required)
134.Jump up ^ Kissell, Rick (January 23, 2001). "Peacock mines gold in Globes' Nielsens". Variety (Penske Business Media). Retrieved November 29, 2012.
135.Jump up ^ "'Outback' in Business". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. February 16, 2001. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
136.Jump up ^ Petrozzello, Donna (February 20, 2001). "Blaine Dangles a Preview". Daily News (Daily News, L.P.). Retrieved November 29, 2012. (subscription required)
137.Jump up ^ Sepinwall, Alan; Seitz, Zoller (March 1, 2001). "Blame it on Cable". The Star-Ledger (Advance Publications). Retrieved September 19, 2012. (subscription required)
138.Jump up ^ "The List". BtoB Magazine (Crain Communications). April 30, 2001. Retrieved November 26, 2012. (subscription required)
139.Jump up ^ "TV Ratings Report". The Dallas Morning News (A. H. Belo Corporation). April 26, 2001. p. 8C.
140.Jump up ^ Associated Press (May 2001). "Season finales lift NBC to No. 1". The Cincinnati Post (E. W. Scripps Company): p. 3C.
141.Jump up ^ Kim Manners, et al (booklet). The X-Files: The Complete Ninth Season (Liner notes). Fox.
142.^ Jump up to: a b c d e Kessenich, p. 193
143.Jump up ^ "Primetime TV Rate Race". The Hollywood Reporter (Prometheus Global Media). December 5, 2002. p. 11.
144.Jump up ^ "Primetime TV Rate Race". The Hollywood Reporter (Prometheus Global Media). December 12, 2002. p. 26.
145.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Canton, Maj. "The X-Files – Series – Episode List – Season 9". TV Tango. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
146.Jump up ^ Murray, Steve (January 18, 2002). "'X-Files' Creator Plots Cliffhanger for Series Exit in May". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution (Cox Enterprises). p. E3.
147.Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (March 6, 2002). "Usual suspects dominate Post-Olympic TV Numbers". The Hollywood Reporter (Prometheus Global Media). p. 6.
148.Jump up ^ Collins, Scott (April 10, 2002). "'CSI,' NCAA Spell CBS viewer win: NBC Holds Big Lead in 18-49 Demo; 'Late Night' Scores Big". The Hollywood Reporter (Prometheus Global Media). p. 4.
149.Jump up ^ Littleton, Cynthia (April 30, 2002). "'Dead' rises on Sunday for CBS: Part 1 of Mini Helps Eye to Viewers Win, Tie with Fox in Demo". The Hollywood Reporter (Prometheus Global Media). p. 6.
150.Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (May 14, 2002). "'Dinotopia' ABC Ratings Monster: Part 1 of Mini Trounces Rivals, Spurs Net to Sunday Victories". The Hollywood Reporter (Prometheus Global Media). p. 4.
151.^ Jump up to: a b "ARTS & TV in Brief 'Survivor: Marquesas' outwits the competition". Boston Herald (Herald Media): 48. May 5, 2002.
Bibliography[edit]
Kessenich, Tom (2002). Examination. New York: Trafford Publishing. ISBN 1-55369-812-6.
Lowry, Brian (1995). The Truth is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105330-9.
Meisler, Andy (1998). I Want to Believe: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 3. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-105386-4.
Shapiro, Marc (2000). All Things: The Official Guide to the X-Files Volume 6. Harper Prism. ISBN 0-06-107611-2.
External links[edit]
 Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: The X-Files

Portal icon Television portal
List of The X-Files episodes at the Internet Movie Database
The X-Files at epguides.com

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Key people
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Categories: Lists of American television series episodes
Lists of drama television series episodes
Lists of science fiction television series episodes
The X-Files episodes
The X-Files lists




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